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2025-12-18make rb_singleton_class ractor safe (#15591)Luke Gruber
Since singleton classes are created lazily, we need to make sure that we lock around their creation. Unfortunately, that means we need to lock around every shareable object's call to `singleton_class`, including classes and modules.
2025-12-10Use rb_error_frozen_object in rb_class_modify_checkJeremy Evans
This provides information on the class of the frozen object. It also results in a much simpler implementation. Fixes [Bug #21374]
2025-12-04Take VM lock in `class_switch_superclass` (#15356)Luke Gruber
Safe multi-ractor subclass list mutation We need to lock around mutation and accesses of a class's subclasses list. Unfortunately we also need to do this when creating singleton classes, as the singleton class does need to go into `super`'s subclasses list for CC invalidation purposes.
2025-12-01Test CC invalidation for singleton classes of objects (#15360)Luke Gruber
I made a recent change where all the tests passed but it turns out it was still wrong. We didn't have any tests for CC invalidation on singletons of objects that aren't classes or modules.
2025-11-11Revert "ns_subclasses refcount accesses need to be atomic (#15083)" (#15138)Luke Gruber
This reverts commit 2998c8d6b99ec49925ebea42198b29c3e27b34a7. We need to find a better way to fix this bug. Even with this refcount change, errors were still being seen in CI. For now we need to remove this failing test.
2025-11-06ns_subclasses refcount accesses need to be atomic (#15083)Luke Gruber
We were seeing errors like: ``` * thread #8, stop reason = EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=1, address=0x803) * frame #0: 0x00000001001fe944 ruby`rb_st_lookup(tab=0x00000000000007fb, key=1, value=0x00000001305b7490) at st.c:1066:22 frame #1: 0x000000010002d658 ruby`remove_class_from_subclasses [inlined] class_get_subclasses_for_ns(tbl=0x00000000000007fb, ns_id=1) at class.c:604:9 frame #2: 0x000000010002d650 ruby`remove_class_from_subclasses(tbl=0x00000000000007fb, ns_id=1, klass=4754039232) at class.c:620:34 frame #3: 0x000000010002c8a8 ruby`rb_class_classext_free_subclasses(ext=0x000000011b5ce1d8, klass=4754039232, replacing=<unavailable>) at class.c:700:9 frame #4: 0x000000010002c760 ruby`rb_class_classext_free(klass=4754039232, ext=0x000000011b5ce1d8, is_prime=true) at class.c:105:5 frame #5: 0x00000001000e770c ruby`classext_free(ext=<unavailable>, is_prime=<unavailable>, namespace=<unavailable>, arg=<unavailable>) at gc.c:1231:5 [artificial] frame #6: 0x000000010002d178 ruby`rb_class_classext_foreach(klass=<unavailable>, func=(ruby`classext_free at gc.c:1228), arg=0x00000001305b75c0) at class.c:518:5 frame #7: 0x00000001000e745c ruby`rb_gc_obj_free(objspace=0x000000012500c400, obj=4754039232) at gc.c:1282:9 frame #8: 0x00000001000e70d4 ruby`gc_sweep_plane(objspace=0x000000012500c400, heap=<unavailable>, p=4754039232, bitset=4095, ctx=0x00000001305b76e8) at default.c:3482:21 frame #9: 0x00000001000e6e9c ruby`gc_sweep_page(objspace=0x000000012500c400, heap=0x000000012500c540, ctx=0x00000001305b76e8) at default.c:3567:13 frame #10: 0x00000001000e51d0 ruby`gc_sweep_step(objspace=0x000000012500c400, heap=0x000000012500c540) at default.c:3848:9 frame #11: 0x00000001000e1880 ruby`gc_continue [inlined] gc_sweep_continue(objspace=0x000000012500c400, sweep_heap=0x000000012500c540) at default.c:3931:13 frame #12: 0x00000001000e1754 ruby`gc_continue(objspace=0x000000012500c400, heap=0x000000012500c540) at default.c:2037:9 frame #13: 0x00000001000e10bc ruby`newobj_cache_miss [inlined] heap_prepare(objspace=0x000000012500c400, heap=0x000000012500c540) at default.c:2056:5 frame #14: 0x00000001000e1074 ruby`newobj_cache_miss [inlined] heap_next_free_page(objspace=0x000000012500c400, heap=0x000000012500c540) at default.c:2280:9 frame #15: 0x00000001000e106c ruby`newobj_cache_miss(objspace=0x000000012500c400, cache=0x0000600001b00300, heap_idx=2, vm_locked=false) at default.c:2387:38 frame #16: 0x00000001000e0d28 ruby`newobj_alloc(objspace=<unavailable>, cache=<unavailable>, heap_idx=<unavailable>, vm_locked=<unavailable>) at default.c:2411:15 [artificial] frame #17: 0x00000001000d7214 ruby`newobj_of [inlined] rb_gc_impl_new_obj(objspace_ptr=<unavailable>, cache_ptr=<unavailable>, klass=<unavailable>, flags=<unavailable>, wb_protected=<unavailable>, alloc_size=<unavailable>) at default.c:2490:15 frame #18: 0x00000001000d719c ruby`newobj_of(cr=<unavailable>, klass=4313971728, flags=258, wb_protected=<unavailable>, size=<unavailable>) at gc.c:995:17 frame #19: 0x00000001000d73ec ruby`rb_wb_protected_newobj_of(ec=<unavailable>, klass=<unavailable>, flags=<unavailable>, size=<unavailable>) at gc.c:1044:12 [artificial] frame #20: 0x0000000100032d34 ruby`class_alloc0(type=<unavailable>, klass=4313971728, namespaceable=<unavailable>) at class.c:803:5 ```
2025-08-30Initialize class dup/clone before calling initialize_dup/initialize_cloneJeremy Evans
Previously, you could override the class initialize_dup/initialize_clone method and the class hierarchy would not be set correctly inside the method before calling super. This removes Module#initialize_copy, and instead makes Object#dup/clone call the underlying C function (rb_mod_init_copy) before calling the appropriate initialize_dup/initialize_clone method. This results in the following fixes: * The appropriate initialize_dup method is called (dup on a class will respect superclass initialize_dup). * Inside class initialize_dup/initialize_clone/initialize_copy, class ancestor hierarchy is correct. * Calling singleton_class inside initialize_dup no longer raises a TypeError later in dup. * Calling singleton_class.ancestors inside initialize_dup no longer results in missing ancestors. Fixes [Bug #21538]
2025-08-15Fix tests using assert_raise_with_message on US-ASCII systemsPeter Zhu
On systems where the Encoding.default_internal defaults to US-ASCII instead of UTF-8, some tests using assert_raise_with_message can fail since it no longer changes Encoding.default_internal in 79f5202. This tests explicitly uses EnvUtil.with_default_internal on systems where these tests fail.
2025-05-12Remove respond_to check from Class#bind_callJohn Hawthorn
Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/13116
2025-05-11avoid calling ZALLOC after NEWOBJ_OF for RClass: need to return RClass not ↵Satoshi Tagomori
promoted
2024-08-20Rewrite #test_redefinition_mismatch to use a dedicated test classKJ Tsanaktsidis
This test is checking what happens if you try and define a class in a C extension where that constant is already not a class. It was doing this by overriding ::Date and then trying to require 'date. The issue with this is that if we ever add 'date' as a dependency for the test runner, this test will break because the test runner files get implicitly required in an `assert_separately` block. Better use an explicit class for this purpose which can't be accidentally required elsewhere. Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/11400
2024-07-24[Bug #20647] Disallow `return` directly within a singleton classNobuyoshi Nakada
Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/11234
2024-02-15Do not include a backtick in error messages and backtracesYusuke Endoh
[Feature #16495]
2023-08-08[Bug #19833] Fix index underflow at superclasses of `BasicObject`Nobuyoshi Nakada
Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/8185
2023-05-10Prevent warning: assigned but unused variableYusuke Endoh
http://rubyci.s3.amazonaws.com/debian10/ruby-master/log/20230510T123003Z.log.html.gz ``` /home/chkbuild/chkbuild/tmp/build/20230510T123003Z/ruby/test/objspace/test_objspace.rb:224: warning: assigned but unused variable - c4 /home/chkbuild/chkbuild/tmp/build/20230510T123003Z/ruby/test/ruby/test_class.rb:362: warning: assigned but unused variable - e /home/chkbuild/chkbuild/tmp/build/20230510T123003Z/ruby/test/ruby/test_process.rb:2602: warning: assigned but unused variable - parent_pid ```
2023-04-19fix `NameError` messageKoichi Sasada
The following code produces two NameErrors respectively and they are independent, but the second one can show `private constant` message because of first NameError. ```ruby class C class PrivateClass; end private_constant :PrivateClass end begin eval('class C::PrivateClass; end') rescue => e p e end begin Object.const_get 'Foo' rescue => e p e end #<NameError: private constant C::PrivateClass referenced> #<NameError: private constant C::Foo referenced> #=> should be #<NameError: uninitialized constant Foo> ``` It fails the test-all tests with `make test-all TESTS='ruby/class ruby/parse --seed=58891 -v`. The reason is clear miss from https://github.com/ruby/ruby/commit/7387c08373a Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/7736
2022-12-01Module#remove_method: Check frozen on the right objectJean byroot Boussier
Previously, the frozen check happened on `RCLASS_ORIGIN(self)`, which can return an iclass. The frozen check is supposed to respond to objects that users can call methods on while iclasses are hidden from users. Other mutation methods like Module#{define_method,alias_method,public} don't do this. Check frozen status on the module itself. Fixes [Bug #19164] and [Bug #19166]. Co-authored-by: Alan Wu <XrXr@users.noreply.github.com> Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/6842 Merged-By: XrXr
2022-10-20Add Class#attached_objectUfuk Kayserilioglu
Implements [Feature #12084] Returns the object for which the receiver is the singleton class, or raises TypeError if the receiver is not a singleton class. Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/6450
2021-12-20Remove Class#descendantsJeremy Evans
Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/5309
2021-12-03TestClass#test_subclass_gc reduce the number of iteration by 10xJean Boussier
The test was taking 10 seconds on my machine and did timeout on CI once. Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/5205
2021-11-23Add Class#subclassesJean Boussier
Implements [Feature #18273] Returns an array containing the receiver's direct subclasses without singleton classes. Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/5045
2021-11-11fix a memory leak introduced in 8bbd319Matt Valentine-House
This commit fixes a memory leak introduced in an early part of the variable width allocation project that would prevent the rb_classext_t struct from being free'd when the class is swept. Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/5103
2021-11-10class.c: descendants must not cause GC until the result array is createdYusuke Endoh
Follow up of 428227472fc6563046d8138aab17f07bef6af753. The previous fix uses `rb_ary_new_from_values` to create the result array, but it may trigger the GC. This second try is to create the result array by `rb_ary_new_capa` before the second iteration, and assume that `rb_ary_push` does not trigger GC. This assumption is very fragile, so should be improved in future. [Bug #18282] [Feature #14394] Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/5097
2021-11-09class.c: calculate the length of Class.descendants in advanceYusuke Endoh
GC must not be triggered during callback of rb_class_foreach_subclass. To prevent GC, we can not use rb_ary_push. Instead, this changeset calls rb_class_foreach_subclass twice: first counts the subclasses, then allocates a buffer (which may cause GC and reduce subclasses, but not increase), and finally stores the subclasses to the buffer. [Bug #18282] [Feature #14394] Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/5070
2021-10-26Add Class#descendantsJeremy Evans
Doesn't include receiver or singleton classes. Implements [Feature #14394] Co-authored-by: fatkodima <fatkodima123@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Benoit Daloze <eregontp@gmail.com> Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/4974 Merged-By: jeremyevans <code@jeremyevans.net>
2021-01-20Skip freezing check on setting temporary class path [Bug #17563]Nobuyoshi Nakada
Co-authored-by: ryannevell (Ryan Nevell) <ryan.nevell@gmail.com> Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/4101
2020-11-16Fix singleton class cloningAlan Wu
Before this commit, `clone` gave different results depending on whether the original object had an attached singleton class or not. Consider the following setup: ``` class Foo; end Foo.singleton_class.define_method(:foo) {} obj = Foo.new obj.singleton_class if $call_singleton clone = obj.clone ``` When `$call_singleton = false`, neither `obj.singleton_class.singleton_class` nor `clone.singleton_class.singleton_class` own any methods. However, when `$call_singleton = true`, `clone.singleton_class.singleton_class` would own a copy of `foo` from `Foo.singleton_class`, even though `obj.singleton_class.singleton_class` does not. The latter case is unexpected and results in a visibly different clone, depending on if the original object had an attached class or not. Co-authored-by: Ufuk Kayserilioglu <ufuk.kayserilioglu@shopify.com> Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/3761
2020-02-11Make yield in singleton class definitions in methods a SyntaxErrorJeremy Evans
This behavior was deprecated in 2.7 and scheduled to be removed in 3.0. Calling yield in a class definition outside a method is now a SyntaxError instead of a LocalJumpError, as well. Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/2901
2019-11-06Prohibit calling undefined allocator [Bug #16297]Nobuyoshi Nakada
2019-10-16Warn for calling public/protected/private/module_function without arguments ↵Jeremy Evans
inside method Calling these methods without an argument does not have the desired effect inside a method. Fixes [Bug #13249] Notes: Merged: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/2562
2019-08-29Show the previous definition location,Nobuyoshi Nakada
when reopened class/module redefinition mismatched the previous definition. [Feature #11460]
2019-08-09introduce RCLASS_CLONED flag for inline cache.Koichi Sasada
Methods on duplicated class/module refer same constant inline cache (IC). Constant access lookup should be done for cloned class/modules but inline cache doesn't check it. To check it, this patch introduce new RCLASS_CLONED flag which are set when if class/module is cloned (both orig and dst). [Bug #15877]
2019-02-08Use assert_syntax_errornobu
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@67035 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2019-02-08Suppress warning [Feature #15575]nobu
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@67034 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2017-12-12Add FrozenError as a subclass of RuntimeErrorshyouhei
FrozenError will be used instead of RuntimeError for exceptions raised when there is an attempt to modify a frozen object. The reason for this change is to differentiate exceptions related to frozen objects from generic exceptions such as those generated by Kernel#raise without an exception class. From: Jeremy Evans <code@jeremyevans.net> Signed-off-by: Urabe Shyouhei <shyouhei@ruby-lang.org> git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@61131 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2017-11-16parse.y: no return in classnobu
* parse.y (k_return): prohibit return in class/module body except for singleton class. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@60790 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2017-11-02skip/fix wrong testsnobu
* test/ruby/test_{class,eval}.rb: skip or fix wrong tests hidden by a bug of assert_raise. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@60615 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2017-10-22Fixed misspelling words.hsbt
These are detected by https://github.com/client9/misspell git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@60359 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2017-08-29test/ruby: tweaked heredocsnobu
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@59682 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2016-05-17Use Integer instead of Fixnum and Bignum.akr
* object.c, numeric.c, enum.c, ext/-test-/bignum/mul.c, lib/rexml/quickpath.rb, lib/rexml/text.rb, lib/rexml/xpath_parser.rb, lib/rubygems/specification.rb, lib/uri/generic.rb, bootstraptest/test_eval.rb, basictest/test.rb, test/-ext-/bignum/test_big2str.rb, test/-ext-/bignum/test_div.rb, test/-ext-/bignum/test_mul.rb, test/-ext-/bignum/test_str2big.rb, test/csv/test_data_converters.rb, test/date/test_date.rb, test/json/test_json_generate.rb, test/minitest/test_minitest_mock.rb, test/openssl/test_cipher.rb, test/rexml/test_jaxen.rb, test/ruby/test_array.rb, test/ruby/test_basicinstructions.rb, test/ruby/test_bignum.rb, test/ruby/test_case.rb, test/ruby/test_class.rb, test/ruby/test_complex.rb, test/ruby/test_enum.rb, test/ruby/test_eval.rb, test/ruby/test_iseq.rb, test/ruby/test_literal.rb, test/ruby/test_math.rb, test/ruby/test_module.rb, test/ruby/test_numeric.rb, test/ruby/test_range.rb, test/ruby/test_rational.rb, test/ruby/test_refinement.rb, test/ruby/test_rubyvm.rb, test/ruby/test_struct.rb, test/ruby/test_variable.rb, test/rubygems/test_gem_specification.rb, test/thread/test_queue.rb: Use Integer instead of Fixnum and Bignum. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@55029 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2016-05-10* insns.def (defineclass): Also raise an error when redeclaring theeregon
superclass of a class as Object and it has another superclass. [Bug #12367] [ruby-core:75446] * test/ruby/test_class.rb: test for above. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@54970 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2016-04-09assertions.rb: set default internal encodingnobu
* test/lib/test/unit/assertions.rb (assert_raise_with_message): set default internal encoding to the excpected message, which affects String#inspect in messages. * test/lib/test/unit/assertions.rb (assert_warning): ditto. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@54522 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2016-02-19test/ruby: suppress parser warningsnobu
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@53872 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2016-01-24test_class.rb: fix encodingnobu
* test/ruby/test_class.rb (test_namescope_error_message): fix encoding to UTF-8. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@53646 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2016-01-24test_class.rb: test_namescope_error_messagenobu
* test/ruby/test_class.rb (test_namescope_error_message): test for r53644. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@53645 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2015-12-22gc.c: do not expose internal singleton classnobu
* gc.c (internal_object_p): should not expose singleton classes without a metaclass. based on patches by ko1 and shugo. [Bug #11740] * class.c (rb_singleton_class_object_p): added. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@53243 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2015-12-21revert r53228 because this patch breaks rubyspecko1
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@53229 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2015-12-21* gc.c (internal_object_p): should not expose singleton classesko1
without a metaclass. [Bug #11740] * class.c (rb_singleton_class_has_metaclass_p): added. * test/ruby/test_class.rb: add a test. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@53228 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2015-12-16Add frozen_string_literal: false for all filesnaruse
When you change this to true, you may need to add more tests. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@53141 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
2015-09-27class.c: refine error messagesnobu
* class.c (rb_define_class, rb_define_class_id_under): refine error messages. * class.c (rb_define_module, rb_define_module_id_under): ditto, and make consistent with class. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@51958 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e