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* numeric: emit two decimal digits per iteration in rb_fix2str
Replace the digit-at-a-time loop in rb_fix2str with the standard
itoa 2-digit lookup table for base 10. Each iteration now
writes two digits using a single (u % 100, u / 100) pair, so the
number of loop iterations is halved for multi-digit integers.
The classic per-digit loop is kept for non-base-10 conversion.
Benchmark (Apple M-series, 5M-10M ops, best of 3 runs):
case base patch delta
--------- ----- ----- -----
1-digit (5) 64 ns/op 64 ns/op -0%
2-digit (42) 64 ns/op 65 ns/op +2% (noise)
3-digit (400) 66 ns/op 64 ns/op -3%
5-digit (12345) 69 ns/op 67 ns/op -3%
10-digit (1234567890) 77 ns/op 67 ns/op -13%
19-digit (2^62-1) 111 ns/op 75 ns/op -33%
The crossover is at ~3 digits: below that the constant setup
dominates and the benefit is within noise, above that the halved
iteration count shows up linearly. Typical Rails payloads mix
short IDs (1-5 digits) and longer values (timestamps, nanos,
large counts), so the win is workload-dependent but strictly
non-negative for real code.
Correctness: 100k random fuzz across the full fixnum range plus
targeted edges (0, ±1, ±99, ±100, 2^30-1, 2^62-1, etc.) all pass.
make test-all shows 34694 tests, 7325860 assertions, 0 new
failures (same pre-existing TestArgf#test_puts flake as on
master) — test_integer.rb alone runs 38 tests / 421628 assertions
of which Integer#to_s exercises the bulk, all pass.
The 200-byte lookup table sits in .rodata and fits in a single
cache line of its own (3 lines for the whole table). No change
to public API, no change to bignum conversion, no change to
non-base-10 conversion paths.
* bignum: emit two decimal digits per iteration in big2str_2bdigits
Extend the 2-digit lookup-table itoa optimisation from rb_fix2str to
the inner conversion loop used by Bignum#to_s. big2str_2bdigits has
two code paths — a leading-chunk path that emits variable-length
digits, and a recursive-chunk path that emits a fixed-width zero-
padded block — and both gain from the halved division count. The
classic per-digit loop is preserved for non-base-10 conversion.
Moves the ruby_decimal_digit_pairs table from a file-static in
numeric.c to bignum.c next to ruby_digitmap, and exposes it through
internal/bignum.h so both files share the same 200-byte .rodata
instance.
Benchmark (Apple M-series, best of 3 runs, measures bignum-only
speedup against the preceding fixnum commit):
case base patch delta
--------- ----- ----- -----
big_20dig 10^19+... 146 ns/op 124 ns/op -15%
big_40dig 10^39+... 174 ns/op 152 ns/op -13%
big_100dig 10^99+42 236 ns/op 213 ns/op -10%
big_500dig 10^499+7 1119 ns/op 1086 ns/op -3%
big_1000dig 10^999 3490 ns/op 3459 ns/op -1%
fix_19dig 2^62-1 76 ns/op 76 ns/op 0% (unchanged path)
Wins concentrate in the 20-100 digit range where big2str_2bdigits
is the dominant cost. Above ~500 digits the Karatsuba divmod
recursion dominates and the digit-emission saving shrinks to the
noise floor. The 20-100 range is what actual Ruby code exercises
(financial high-precision sums, nanosecond timestamps, large
counters); crypto-size (1000+ digit) bignums are rare in to_s paths.
Correctness: 100k random fixnum fuzz unchanged, 500 random bignum
fuzz up to 2^256 with cross-check against sprintf("%d"), bases
2/8/16/36 round-trip, plus edge cases (0, just-above-fixnum, ±2^100,
20-digit strings near the fixnum boundary). test/ruby/test_integer.rb
stays at 38 tests / 421628 assertions / 0 failures, test_bignum.rb
passes 74 / 607 / 0 failures, full make test-all reports 34694
tests / 0 new failures (same TestArgf#test_puts pre-existing flake
as master).
* benchmark: add int_to_s yaml for Integer#to_s
Reproducible benchmark for the two preceding commits. Covers:
- 1/2/3/5/10/19-digit positive fixnums (spans the break-even point
and the two large-number wins at the top)
- A negative fixnum (exercises the minus-sign prepend path)
- 20/40/100-digit bignums (spans the big2str_2bdigits win range)
- Two string-interpolation scenarios, so reviewers can see how much
of the Integer#to_s speedup reaches real code that allocates the
result string too
Intended to be consumed by benchmark-driver against master vs
int-to-s-twodigit for A/B comparison. Matches the numbers in the
commit messages of 5bfb7e02a2 and c5df6de835.
---------
Co-authored-by: tomoya ishida <tomoyapenguin@gmail.com>
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