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-=begin
-#
-# benchmark.rb - a performance benchmarking library
-#
-# $Id: benchmark.rb,v 1.8.2.2 2004/04/18 23:20:32 nobu Exp $
-#
-# Created by Gotoken (gotoken@notwork.org).
-#
-# Documentation by Gotoken (original RD), Lyle Johnson (RDoc conversion), and
-# Gavin Sinclair (editing).
-#
-=end
-
-# == Overview
-#
-# The Benchmark module provides methods for benchmarking Ruby code, giving
-# detailed reports on the time taken for each task.
-#
-
-# The Benchmark module provides methods to measure and report the time
-# used to execute Ruby code.
-#
-# * Measure the time to construct the string given by the expression
-# <tt>"a"*1_000_000</tt>:
-#
-# require 'benchmark'
-#
-# puts Benchmark.measure { "a"*1_000_000 }
-#
-# On my machine (FreeBSD 3.2 on P5, 100MHz) this generates:
-#
-# 1.166667 0.050000 1.216667 ( 0.571355)
-#
-# This report shows the user CPU time, system CPU time, the sum of
-# the user and system CPU times, and the elapsed real time. The unit
-# of time is seconds.
-#
-# * Do some experiments sequentially using the #bm method:
-#
-# require 'benchmark'
-#
-# n = 50000
-# Benchmark.bm do |x|
-# x.report { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
-# x.report { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
-# x.report { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
-# end
-#
-# The result:
-#
-# user system total real
-# 1.033333 0.016667 1.016667 ( 0.492106)
-# 1.483333 0.000000 1.483333 ( 0.694605)
-# 1.516667 0.000000 1.516667 ( 0.711077)
-#
-# * Continuing the previous example, put a label in each report:
-#
-# require 'benchmark'
-#
-# n = 50000
-# Benchmark.bm(7) do |x|
-# x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
-# x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
-# x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
-# end
-#
-# The result:
-#
-# user system total real
-# for: 1.050000 0.000000 1.050000 ( 0.503462)
-# times: 1.533333 0.016667 1.550000 ( 0.735473)
-# upto: 1.500000 0.016667 1.516667 ( 0.711239)
-#
-#
-# * The times for some benchmarks depend on the order in which items
-# are run. These differences are due to the cost of memory
-# allocation and garbage collection. To avoid these discrepancies,
-# the #bmbm method is provided. For example, to compare ways to
-# sort an array of floats:
-#
-# require 'benchmark'
-#
-# array = (1..1000000).map { rand }
-#
-# Benchmark.bmbm do |x|
-# x.report("sort!") { array.dup.sort! }
-# x.report("sort") { array.dup.sort }
-# end
-#
-# The result:
-#
-# Rehearsal -----------------------------------------
-# sort! 11.928000 0.010000 11.938000 ( 12.756000)
-# sort 13.048000 0.020000 13.068000 ( 13.857000)
-# ------------------------------- total: 25.006000sec
-#
-# user system total real
-# sort! 12.959000 0.010000 12.969000 ( 13.793000)
-# sort 12.007000 0.000000 12.007000 ( 12.791000)
-#
-#
-# * Report statistics of sequential experiments with unique labels,
-# using the #benchmark method:
-#
-# require 'benchmark'
-#
-# n = 50000
-# Benchmark.benchmark(" "*7 + CAPTION, 7, FMTSTR, ">total:", ">avg:") do |x|
-# tf = x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
-# tt = x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
-# tu = x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
-# [tf+tt+tu, (tf+tt+tu)/3]
-# end
-#
-# The result:
-#
-# user system total real
-# for: 1.016667 0.016667 1.033333 ( 0.485749)
-# times: 1.450000 0.016667 1.466667 ( 0.681367)
-# upto: 1.533333 0.000000 1.533333 ( 0.722166)
-# >total: 4.000000 0.033333 4.033333 ( 1.889282)
-# >avg: 1.333333 0.011111 1.344444 ( 0.629761)
-
-module Benchmark
-
- BENCHMARK_VERSION = "2002-04-25" #:nodoc"
-
- def Benchmark::times() # :nodoc:
- Process::times()
- end
-
-
- # Invokes the block with a <tt>Benchmark::Report</tt> object, which
- # may be used to collect and report on the results of individual
- # benchmark tests. Reserves <i>label_width</i> leading spaces for
- # labels on each line. Prints _caption_ at the top of the
- # report, and uses _fmt_ to format each line.
- # If the block returns an array of
- # <tt>Benchmark::Tms</tt> objects, these will be used to format
- # additional lines of output. If _label_ parameters are
- # given, these are used to label these extra lines.
- #
- # _Note_: Other methods provide a simpler interface to this one, and are
- # suitable for nearly all benchmarking requirements. See the examples in
- # Benchmark, and the #bm and #bmbm methods.
- #
- # Example:
- #
- # require 'benchmark'
- # include Benchmark # we need the CAPTION and FMTSTR constants
- #
- # n = 50000
- # Benchmark.benchmark(" "*7 + CAPTION, 7, FMTSTR, ">total:", ">avg:") do |x|
- # tf = x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
- # tt = x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
- # tu = x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
- # [tf+tt+tu, (tf+tt+tu)/3]
- # end
- #
- # <i>Generates:</i>
- #
- # user system total real
- # for: 1.016667 0.016667 1.033333 ( 0.485749)
- # times: 1.450000 0.016667 1.466667 ( 0.681367)
- # upto: 1.533333 0.000000 1.533333 ( 0.722166)
- # >total: 4.000000 0.033333 4.033333 ( 1.889282)
- # >avg: 1.333333 0.011111 1.344444 ( 0.629761)
- #
-
- def benchmark(caption = "", label_width = nil, fmtstr = nil, *labels) # :yield: report
- sync = STDOUT.sync
- STDOUT.sync = true
- label_width ||= 0
- fmtstr ||= FMTSTR
- raise ArgumentError, "no block" unless iterator?
- print caption
- results = yield(Report.new(label_width, fmtstr))
- Array === results and results.grep(Tms).each {|t|
- print((labels.shift || t.label || "").ljust(label_width),
- t.format(fmtstr))
- }
- STDOUT.sync = sync
- end
-
-
- # A simple interface to the #benchmark method, #bm is generates sequential reports
- # with labels. The parameters have the same meaning as for #benchmark.
- #
- # require 'benchmark'
- #
- # n = 50000
- # Benchmark.bm(7) do |x|
- # x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
- # x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
- # x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
- # end
- #
- # <i>Generates:</i>
- #
- # user system total real
- # for: 1.050000 0.000000 1.050000 ( 0.503462)
- # times: 1.533333 0.016667 1.550000 ( 0.735473)
- # upto: 1.500000 0.016667 1.516667 ( 0.711239)
- #
-
- def bm(label_width = 0, *labels, &blk) # :yield: report
- benchmark(" "*label_width + CAPTION, label_width, FMTSTR, *labels, &blk)
- end
-
-
- # Sometimes benchmark results are skewed because code executed
- # earlier encounters different garbage collection overheads than
- # that run later. #bmbm attempts to minimize this effect by running
- # the tests twice, the first time as a rehearsal in order to get the
- # runtime environment stable, the second time for
- # real. <tt>GC.start</tt> is executed before the start of each of
- # the real timings; the cost of this is not included in the
- # timings. In reality, though, there's only so much that #bmbm can
- # do, and the results are not guaranteed to be isolated from garbage
- # collection and other effects.
- #
- # Because #bmbm takes two passes through the tests, it can
- # calculate the required label width.
- #
- # require 'benchmark'
- #
- # array = (1..1000000).map { rand }
- #
- # Benchmark.bmbm do |x|
- # x.report("sort!") { array.dup.sort! }
- # x.report("sort") { array.dup.sort }
- # end
- #
- # <i>Generates:</i>
- #
- # Rehearsal -----------------------------------------
- # sort! 11.928000 0.010000 11.938000 ( 12.756000)
- # sort 13.048000 0.020000 13.068000 ( 13.857000)
- # ------------------------------- total: 25.006000sec
- #
- # user system total real
- # sort! 12.959000 0.010000 12.969000 ( 13.793000)
- # sort 12.007000 0.000000 12.007000 ( 12.791000)
- #
- # #bmbm yields a Benchmark::Job object and returns an array of
- # Benchmark::Tms objects.
- #
- def bmbm(width = 0, &blk) # :yield: job
- job = Job.new(width)
- yield(job)
- width = job.width
- sync = STDOUT.sync
- STDOUT.sync = true
-
- # rehearsal
- print "Rehearsal "
- puts '-'*(width+CAPTION.length - "Rehearsal ".length)
- list = []
- job.list.each{|label,item|
- print(label.ljust(width))
- res = Benchmark::measure(&item)
- print res.format()
- list.push res
- }
- sum = Tms.new; list.each{|i| sum += i}
- ets = sum.format("total: %tsec")
- printf("%s %s\n\n",
- "-"*(width+CAPTION.length-ets.length-1), ets)
-
- # take
- print ' '*width, CAPTION
- list = []
- ary = []
- job.list.each{|label,item|
- GC::start
- print label.ljust(width)
- res = Benchmark::measure(&item)
- print res.format()
- ary.push res
- list.push [label, res]
- }
-
- STDOUT.sync = sync
- ary
- end
-
- #
- # Returns the time used to execute the given block as a
- # Benchmark::Tms object.
- #
- def measure(label = "") # :yield:
- t0, r0 = Benchmark.times, Time.now
- yield
- t1, r1 = Benchmark.times, Time.now
- Benchmark::Tms.new(t1.utime - t0.utime,
- t1.stime - t0.stime,
- t1.cutime - t0.cutime,
- t1.cstime - t0.cstime,
- r1.to_f - r0.to_f,
- label)
- end
-
- #
- # Returns the elapsed real time used to execute the given block.
- #
- def realtime(&blk) # :yield:
- Benchmark::measure(&blk).real
- end
-
-
-
- #
- # A Job is a sequence of labelled blocks to be processed by the
- # Benchmark.bmbm method. It is of little direct interest to the user.
- #
- class Job # :nodoc:
- #
- # Returns an initialized Job instance.
- # Usually, one doesn't call this method directly, as new
- # Job objects are created by the #bmbm method.
- # _width_ is a initial value for the label offset used in formatting;
- # the #bmbm method passes its _width_ argument to this constructor.
- #
- def initialize(width)
- @width = width
- @list = []
- end
-
- #
- # Registers the given label and block pair in the job list.
- #
- def item(label = "", &blk) # :yield:
- raise ArgmentError, "no block" unless block_given?
- label.concat ' '
- w = label.length
- @width = w if @width < w
- @list.push [label, blk]
- self
- end
-
- alias report item
-
- # An array of 2-element arrays, consisting of label and block pairs.
- attr_reader :list
-
- # Length of the widest label in the #list, plus one.
- attr_reader :width
- end
-
- module_function :benchmark, :measure, :realtime, :bm, :bmbm
-
-
-
- #
- # This class is used by the Benchmark.benchmark and Benchmark.bm methods.
- # It is of little direct interest to the user.
- #
- class Report # :nodoc:
- #
- # Returns an initialized Report instance.
- # Usually, one doesn't call this method directly, as new
- # Report objects are created by the #benchmark and #bm methods.
- # _width_ and _fmtstr_ are the label offset and
- # format string used by Tms#format.
- #
- def initialize(width = 0, fmtstr = nil)
- @width, @fmtstr = width, fmtstr
- end
-
- #
- # Prints the _label_ and measured time for the block,
- # formatted by _fmt_. See Tms#format for the
- # formatting rules.
- #
- def item(label = "", *fmt, &blk) # :yield:
- print label.ljust(@width)
- res = Benchmark::measure(&blk)
- print res.format(@fmtstr, *fmt)
- res
- end
-
- alias report item
- end
-
-
-
- #
- # A data object, representing the times associated with a benchmark
- # measurement.
- #
- class Tms
- CAPTION = " user system total real\n"
- FMTSTR = "%10.6u %10.6y %10.6t %10.6r\n"
-
- # User CPU time
- attr_reader :utime
-
- # System CPU time
- attr_reader :stime
-
- # User CPU time of children
- attr_reader :cutime
-
- # System CPU time of children
- attr_reader :cstime
-
- # Elapsed real time
- attr_reader :real
-
- # Total time, that is _utime_ + _stime_ + _cutime_ + _cstime_
- attr_reader :total
-
- # Label
- attr_reader :label
-
- #
- # Returns an initialized Tms object which has
- # _u_ as the user CPU time, _s_ as the system CPU time,
- # _cu_ as the children's user CPU time, _cs_ as the children's
- # system CPU time, _real_ as the elapsed real time and _l_
- # as the label.
- #
- def initialize(u = 0.0, s = 0.0, cu = 0.0, cs = 0.0, real = 0.0, l = nil)
- @utime, @stime, @cutime, @cstime, @real, @label = u, s, cu, cs, real, l
- @total = @utime + @stime + @cutime + @cstime
- end
-
- #
- # Returns a new Tms object whose times are the sum of the times for this
- # Tms object, plus the time required to execute the code block (_blk_).
- #
- def add(&blk) # :yield:
- self + Benchmark::measure(&blk)
- end
-
- #
- # An in-place version of #add.
- #
- def add!
- t = Benchmark::measure(&blk)
- @utime = utime + t.utime
- @stime = stime + t.stime
- @cutime = cutime + t.cutime
- @cstime = cstime + t.cstime
- @real = real + t.real
- self
- end
-
- #
- # Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise summation
- # of the individual times for this Tms object with those of the other
- # Tms object.
- # This method and #/() are useful for taking statistics.
- #
- def +(other); memberwise(:+, other) end
-
- #
- # Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise subtraction
- # of the individual times for the other Tms object from those of this
- # Tms object.
- #
- def -(other); memberwise(:-, other) end
-
- #
- # Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise multiplication
- # of the individual times for this Tms object by _x_.
- #
- def *(x); memberwise(:*, x) end
-
- #
- # Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise division
- # of the individual times for this Tms object by _x_.
- # This method and #+() are useful for taking statistics.
- #
- def /(x); memberwise(:/, x) end
-
- #
- # Returns the contents of this Tms object as
- # a formatted string, according to a format string
- # like that passed to Kernel.format. In addition, #format
- # accepts the following extensions:
- #
- # <tt>%u</tt>:: Replaced by the user CPU time, as reported by Tms#utime.
- # <tt>%y</tt>:: Replaced by the system CPU time, as reported by #stime (Mnemonic: y of "s*y*stem")
- # <tt>%U</tt>:: Replaced by the children's user CPU time, as reported by Tms#cutime
- # <tt>%Y</tt>:: Replaced by the children's system CPU time, as reported by Tms#cstime
- # <tt>%t</tt>:: Replaced by the total CPU time, as reported by Tms#total
- # <tt>%r</tt>:: Replaced by the elapsed real time, as reported by Tms#real
- # <tt>%n</tt>:: Replaced by the label string, as reported by Tms#label (Mnemonic: n of "*n*ame")
- #
- # If _fmtstr_ is not given, FMTSTR is used as default value, detailing the
- # user, system and real elapsed time.
- #
- def format(arg0 = nil, *args)
- fmtstr = (arg0 || FMTSTR).dup
- fmtstr.gsub!(/(%[-+\.\d]*)n/){"#{$1}s" % label}
- fmtstr.gsub!(/(%[-+\.\d]*)u/){"#{$1}f" % utime}
- fmtstr.gsub!(/(%[-+\.\d]*)y/){"#{$1}f" % stime}
- fmtstr.gsub!(/(%[-+\.\d]*)U/){"#{$1}f" % cutime}
- fmtstr.gsub!(/(%[-+\.\d]*)Y/){"#{$1}f" % cstime}
- fmtstr.gsub!(/(%[-+\.\d]*)t/){"#{$1}f" % total}
- fmtstr.gsub!(/(%[-+\.\d]*)r/){"(#{$1}f)" % real}
- arg0 ? Kernel::format(fmtstr, *args) : fmtstr
- end
-
- #
- # Same as #format.
- #
- def to_s
- format
- end
-
- #
- # Returns a new 6-element array, consisting of the
- # label, user CPU time, system CPU time, children's
- # user CPU time, children's system CPU time and elapsed
- # real time.
- #
- def to_a
- [@label, @utime, @stime, @cutime, @cstime, @real]
- end
-
- protected
- def memberwise(op, x)
- case x
- when Benchmark::Tms
- Benchmark::Tms.new(utime.__send__(op, x.utime),
- stime.__send__(op, x.stime),
- cutime.__send__(op, x.cutime),
- cstime.__send__(op, x.cstime),
- real.__send__(op, x.real)
- )
- else
- Benchmark::Tms.new(utime.__send__(op, x),
- stime.__send__(op, x),
- cutime.__send__(op, x),
- cstime.__send__(op, x),
- real.__send__(op, x)
- )
- end
- end
- end
-
- # The default caption string (heading above the output times).
- CAPTION = Benchmark::Tms::CAPTION
-
- # The default format string used to display times. See also Benchmark::Tms#format.
- FMTSTR = Benchmark::Tms::FMTSTR
-end
-
-if __FILE__ == $0
- include Benchmark
-
- n = ARGV[0].to_i.nonzero? || 50000
- puts %Q([#{n} times iterations of `a = "1"'])
- benchmark(" " + CAPTION, 7, FMTSTR) do |x|
- x.report("for:") {for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end} # Benchmark::measure
- x.report("times:") {n.times do ; a = "1"; end}
- x.report("upto:") {1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end}
- end
-
- benchmark do
- [
- measure{for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end}, # Benchmark::measure
- measure{n.times do ; a = "1"; end},
- measure{1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end}
- ]
- end
-end