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-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/assume.h56
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h161
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/bool.h36
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h37
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h131
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/limits.h99
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h73
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/r_cast.h32
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/rmodule.h36
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h30
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h69
11 files changed, 760 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/assume.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d148710127
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_ASSUME_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_ASSUME_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #ASSUME / #RB_LIKELY / #UNREACHABLE
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/builtin.h"
+
+#define ASSUME RBIMPL_ASSUME /**< @old{RBIMPL_ASSUME} */
+#define UNREACHABLE RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE() /**< @old{RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE} */
+#define UNREACHABLE_RETURN RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN /**< @old{RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN} */
+
+/* likely */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_expect)
+/**
+ * Asserts that the given Boolean expression likely holds.
+ *
+ * @param x An expression that likely holds.
+ *
+ * @note Consider this macro carefully. It has been here since when CPUs were
+ * like babies, but contemporary processors are beasts. They are
+ * smarter than mare mortals like us today. Their branch predictions
+ * highly expectedly outperform your use of this macro.
+ */
+# define RB_LIKELY(x) (__builtin_expect(!!(x), 1))
+
+/**
+ * Asserts that the given Boolean expression likely doesn't hold.
+ *
+ * @param x An expression that likely doesn't hold.
+ */
+# define RB_UNLIKELY(x) (__builtin_expect(!!(x), 0))
+#else
+# define RB_LIKELY(x) (x)
+# define RB_UNLIKELY(x) (x)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_ASSUME_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..916d9e9d5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_ATTRIBUTES_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_ATTRIBUTES_H
+/**
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Various attribute-related macros.
+ *
+ * ### Q&A ###
+ *
+ * - Q: Why are the macros defined in this header file so inconsistent in
+ * style?
+ *
+ * - A: Don't know. Don't blame me. Backward compatibility is the key here.
+ * I'm just preserving what they have been.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/cold.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/error.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/format.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/warning.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/* function attributes */
+#undef CONSTFUNC
+#define CONSTFUNC(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST() x
+
+#undef PUREFUNC
+#define PUREFUNC(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() x
+
+#undef DEPRECATED
+#define DEPRECATED(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("")) x
+
+#undef DEPRECATED_BY
+#define DEPRECATED_BY(n,x) RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("by: " # n)) x
+
+#undef DEPRECATED_TYPE
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+# define DEPRECATED_TYPE(mesg, decl) \
+ _Pragma("message \"DEPRECATED_TYPE is deprecated\""); \
+ decl RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(mseg)
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma deprecated(DEPRECATED_TYPE)
+# define DEPRECATED_TYPE(mesg, decl) \
+ __pragma(message(__FILE__"("STRINGIZE(__LINE__)"): warning: " \
+ "DEPRECATED_TYPE is deprecated")) \
+ decl RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(mseg)
+#else
+# define DEPRECATED_TYPE(mesg, decl) \
+ <-<-"DEPRECATED_TYPE is deprecated"->->
+#endif
+
+#undef RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED
+#define RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED(mseg) RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED((mseg))
+
+#undef NOINLINE
+#define NOINLINE(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE() x
+
+#undef ALWAYS_INLINE
+#define ALWAYS_INLINE(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE() x
+
+#undef ERRORFUNC
+#define ERRORFUNC(mesg, x) RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR(mesg) x
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(error)
+# define HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_ERRORFUNC 1
+#endif
+
+#undef WARNINGFUNC
+#define WARNINGFUNC(mesg, x) RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING(mesg) x
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(warning)
+# define HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_WARNINGFUNC 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+ cold attribute for code layout improvements
+ RUBY_FUNC_ATTRIBUTE not used because MSVC does not like nested func macros
+ */
+#undef COLDFUNC
+#define COLDFUNC RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
+
+#define PRINTF_ARGS(decl, string_index, first_to_check) \
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, (string_index), (first_to_check)) \
+ decl
+
+#undef RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE
+#define RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE
+
+#undef RUBY_ATTR_MALLOC
+#define RUBY_ATTR_MALLOC RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+
+#undef RUBY_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL
+#define RUBY_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+
+#ifndef FUNC_MINIMIZED
+#define FUNC_MINIMIZED(x) x
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FUNC_UNOPTIMIZED
+#define FUNC_UNOPTIMIZED(x) x
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_TYPE
+#define RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_TYPE(type, prot, name, args) \
+ FUNC_MINIMIZED(type prot) {return (type)name args;}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_VOID
+#define RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_VOID(prot, name, args) \
+ FUNC_MINIMIZED(void prot) {name args;}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION
+#define RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION(prot, name, args) \
+ RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_TYPE(VALUE, prot, name, args)
+#endif
+
+#undef RUBY_FUNC_NONNULL
+#define RUBY_FUNC_NONNULL(n, x) RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(n) x
+
+#undef NORETURN
+#define NORETURN(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() x
+#define NORETURN_STYLE_NEW
+
+#undef PACKED_STRUCT
+#define PACKED_STRUCT(x) \
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_BEGIN() x RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_END()
+
+#undef PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED
+#define PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(x) \
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_BEGIN() x \
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_END()
+
+#undef RB_UNUSED_VAR
+#define RB_UNUSED_VAR(x) x RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_ATTRIBUTES_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/bool.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2fa390c80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_BOOL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_BOOL_H
+/**
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old TRUE / FALSE
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+
+#ifndef FALSE
+# define FALSE false
+#elif FALSE
+# error FALSE must be false
+#endif
+
+#ifndef TRUE
+# define TRUE true
+#elif ! TRUE
+# error TRUE must be true
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_BOOL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00cc40ca56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_GCC_VERSION_SINCE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_GCC_VERSION_SINCE_H
+/**
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old GCC_VERSION_SINCE
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+
+#ifndef GCC_VERSION_SINCE
+#define GCC_VERSION_SINCE(x, y, z) RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, (x), (y), (z))
+#endif
+
+#ifndef GCC_VERSION_BEFORE
+#define GCC_VERSION_BEFORE(x, y, z) \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(GCC, (x), (y), (z)) || \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(GCC) && \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR == (x)) && \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR == (y)) && \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH == (z))))))
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_GCC_VERSION_SINCE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..45460878bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_INTTYPES_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_INTTYPES_H
+/**
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief C99 shim for `<inttypes.h>`
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h" /* PRI_LL_PREFIX etc. are here */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
+# include <inttypes.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h" /* PRI_VALUE_PREFIX is here. */
+
+#ifndef PRI_INT_PREFIX
+# define PRI_INT_PREFIX ""
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRI_LONG_PREFIX
+# define PRI_LONG_PREFIX "l"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRI_SHORT_PREFIX
+# define PRI_SHORT_PREFIX "h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRI_64_PREFIX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG == 8
+# define PRI_64_PREFIX PRI_LONG_PREFIX
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8
+# define PRI_64_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRIdPTR
+# define PRIdPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"d"
+# define PRIiPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"i"
+# define PRIoPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"o"
+# define PRIuPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"u"
+# define PRIxPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"x"
+# define PRIXPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"X"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_PRI_VALUE_MARK
+# define RUBY_PRI_VALUE_MARK "\v"
+#endif
+
+#if defined PRIdPTR && !defined PRI_VALUE_PREFIX
+# define PRIdVALUE PRIdPTR
+# define PRIoVALUE PRIoPTR
+# define PRIuVALUE PRIuPTR
+# define PRIxVALUE PRIxPTR
+# define PRIXVALUE PRIXPTR
+# define PRIsVALUE PRIiPTR"" RUBY_PRI_VALUE_MARK
+#else
+# define PRIdVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"d"
+# define PRIoVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"o"
+# define PRIuVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"u"
+# define PRIxVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"x"
+# define PRIXVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"X"
+# define PRIsVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"i" RUBY_PRI_VALUE_MARK
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRI_VALUE_PREFIX
+# define PRI_VALUE_PREFIX ""
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRI_TIMET_PREFIX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_TIME_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define PRI_TIMET_PREFIX
+#elif SIZEOF_TIME_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define PRI_TIMET_PREFIX "l"
+#elif SIZEOF_TIME_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define PRI_TIMET_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX ""
+#elif SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX "l"
+#elif SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRIdPTRDIFF
+# define PRIdPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"d"
+# define PRIiPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"i"
+# define PRIoPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"o"
+# define PRIuPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"u"
+# define PRIxPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"x"
+# define PRIXPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"X"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRI_SIZE_PREFIX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define PRI_SIZE_PREFIX ""
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define PRI_SIZE_PREFIX "l"
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define PRI_SIZE_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRIdSIZE
+# define PRIdSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"d"
+# define PRIiSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"i"
+# define PRIoSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"o"
+# define PRIuSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"u"
+# define PRIxSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"x"
+# define PRIXSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"X"
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_INTTYPES_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/limits.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f7021e5f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_LIMITS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_LIMITS_H
+/**
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Historical shim for `<limits.h>`.
+ *
+ * The macros in this header file are obsolescent. Does anyone really need our
+ * own definition of `CHAR_BIT` today?
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
+# include <limits.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+
+#ifndef LONG_MAX
+# /* assuming 32bit(2's complement) long */
+# define LONG_MAX 2147483647L
+#endif
+
+#ifndef LONG_MIN
+# define LONG_MIN (-LONG_MAX-1)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CHAR_BIT
+# define CHAR_BIT 8
+#endif
+
+#ifdef LLONG_MAX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(LONG_LONG_MAX)
+# define LLONG_MAX LONG_LONG_MAX
+#elif defined(_I64_MAX)
+# define LLONG_MAX _I64_MAX
+#else
+# /* assuming 64bit(2's complement) long long */
+# define LLONG_MAX 9223372036854775807LL
+#endif
+
+#ifdef LLONG_MIN
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(LONG_LONG_MIN)
+# define LLONG_MIN LONG_LONG_MIN
+#elif defined(_I64_MAX)
+# define LLONG_MIN _I64_MIN
+#else
+# define LLONG_MIN (-LLONG_MAX-1)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SIZE_MAX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define SIZE_MAX ULLONG_MAX
+# define SIZE_MIN ULLONG_MIN
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define SIZE_MAX ULONG_MAX
+# define SIZE_MIN ULONG_MIN
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define SIZE_MAX UINT_MAX
+# define SIZE_MIN UINT_MIN
+#else
+# define SIZE_MAX USHRT_MAX
+# define SIZE_MIN USHRT_MIN
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SSIZE_MAX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define SSIZE_MAX LLONG_MAX
+# define SSIZE_MIN LLONG_MIN
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define SSIZE_MAX LONG_MAX
+# define SSIZE_MIN LONG_MIN
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define SSIZE_MAX INT_MAX
+# define SSIZE_MIN INT_MIN
+#else
+# define SSIZE_MAX SHRT_MAX
+# define SSIZE_MIN SHRT_MIN
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_LIMITS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e6b2743fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_LONG_LONG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_LONG_LONG_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old #LONG_LONG
+ *
+ * No known compiler that can compile today's ruby lacks long long.
+ * Historically MSVC was one of such compiler, but it implemented long long a
+ * while ago (some time back in 2013). The macros are for backwards
+ * compatibility only.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/warning.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/warning_push.h"
+
+#if defined(__DOXYGEN__)
+# /** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+# define HAVE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define HAVE_TRUE_LONG_LONG 1
+# /** @endcond */
+# /** @deprecated Just use `long long` directly. */
+# define LONG_LONG long long.
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wc++11-long-long")
+# define HAVE_TRUE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define LONG_LONG \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wc++11-long-long) \
+ long long \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wlong-long")
+# define HAVE_TRUE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define LONG_LONG \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wlong-long) \
+ long long \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_LONG_LONG)
+# define HAVE_TRUE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define LONG_LONG long long
+
+#elif SIZEOF___INT64 > 0
+# define HAVE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define LONG_LONG __int64
+# undef SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define SIZEOF_LONG_LONG SIZEOF___INT64
+
+#else
+# error Hello! Ruby developers believe this message must not happen.
+# error If you encounter this message, can you file a bug report?
+# error Remember to attach a detailed description of your environment.
+# error Thank you!
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_BACKWARD2_LONG_LONG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/r_cast.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/r_cast.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d0f40fd1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/r_cast.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_R_CAST_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_R_CAST_H
+/**
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old R_CAST
+ *
+ * Nobody is actively using this macro.
+ */
+#define R_CAST(st) (struct st*)
+#define RMOVED(obj) (R_CAST(RMoved)(obj))
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+# warning R_CAST and RMOVED are deprecated
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma message("warning: R_CAST and RMOVED are deprecated")
+#endif
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_R_CAST_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/rmodule.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/rmodule.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76c0936462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/rmodule.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_RMODULE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_RMODULE_H
+/**
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Orphan macros.
+ *
+ * These macros seems broken since at least 2011. Nobody (except ruby itself
+ * who is implementing the internals) could have used those macros for a while.
+ * Kept public as-is here to keep some theoretical backwards compatibility.
+ */
+#define RMODULE_IV_TBL(m) RCLASS_FIELDS(m)
+#define RMODULE_CONST_TBL(m) RCLASS_CONST_TBL(m)
+#define RMODULE_M_TBL(m) RCLASS_M_TBL(m)
+#define RMODULE_SUPER(m) RCLASS_SUPER(m)
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+# warning RMODULE_* macros are deprecated
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma message("warning: RMODULE_* macros are deprecated")
+#endif
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_RMODULE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b491bf564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDALIGN_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDALIGN_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RUBY_ALIGNAS / #RUBY_ALIGNOF
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/stdalign.h"
+
+#undef RUBY_ALIGNAS
+#undef RUBY_ALIGNOF
+#define RUBY_ALIGNAS RBIMPL_ALIGNAS /**< @copydoc RBIMPL_ALIGNAS */
+#define RUBY_ALIGNOF RBIMPL_ALIGNOF /**< @copydoc RBIMPL_ALIGNOF */
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDALIGN_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..08659fee47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDARG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDARG_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old #_
+ *
+ * Nobody should ever use these macros any longer. No known compilers lack
+ * prototypes today. It's 21st century. Just forget them.
+ */
+
+#undef _
+/**
+ * @deprecated Nobody practically needs this macro any longer.
+ * @brief This was a transition path from K&R to ANSI.
+ */
+#ifdef HAVE_PROTOTYPES
+# define _(args) args
+#else
+# define _(args) ()
+#endif
+
+#undef __
+/**
+ * @deprecated Nobody practically needs this macro any longer.
+ * @brief This was a transition path from K&R to ANSI.
+ */
+#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
+# define __(args) args
+#else
+# define __(args) ()
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Functions declared using this macro take arbitrary arguments, including
+ * void.
+ *
+ * ```CXX
+ * void func(ANYARGS);
+ * ```
+ *
+ * This was a necessary evil when there was no such thing like function
+ * overloading. But it is the 21st century today. People generally need not
+ * use this. Just use a granular typed function.
+ *
+ * @see ruby::backward::cxxanyargs
+ */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define ANYARGS ...
+#else
+#define ANYARGS
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDARG_H */