M:N thread scheduler for Ractors

This patch introduce M:N thread scheduler for Ractor system.

In general, M:N thread scheduler employs N native threads (OS threads)
to manage M user-level threads (Ruby threads in this case).
On the Ruby interpreter, 1 native thread is provided for 1 Ractor
and all Ruby threads are managed by the native thread.

From Ruby 1.9, the interpreter uses 1:1 thread scheduler which means
1 Ruby thread has 1 native thread. M:N scheduler change this strategy.

Because of compatibility issue (and stableness issue of the implementation)
main Ractor doesn't use M:N scheduler on default. On the other words,
threads on the main Ractor will be managed with 1:1 thread scheduler.

There are additional settings by environment variables:

`RUBY_MN_THREADS=1` enables M:N thread scheduler on the main ractor.
Note that non-main ractors use the M:N scheduler without this
configuration. With this configuration, single ractor applications
run threads on M:1 thread scheduler (green threads, user-level threads).

`RUBY_MAX_CPU=n` specifies maximum number of native threads for
M:N scheduler (default: 8).

This patch will be reverted soon if non-easy issues are found.

[Bug #19842]

1 files changed, 1 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/thread_none.h b/thread_none.h
index 89f64667f0..ac47e52bda 100644
--- a/thread_none.h
+++ b/thread_none.h
@@ -16,5 +16,6 @@ struct rb_thread_sched_item {};
 struct rb_thread_sched {};
 
 RUBY_EXTERN struct rb_execution_context_struct *ruby_current_ec;
+NOINLINE(struct rb_execution_context_struct *rb_current_ec_noinline(void)); // for assertions
 
 #endif /* RUBY_THREAD_NONE_H */