Fix crash in NoMethodError for dummy frames

[Bug #19793]

Dummy frames are created at the top level when requiring another file.
While requiring a file, it will try to convert using encodings. Some of
these encodings will not respond to to_str. If method_missing is
redefined on Object, then it will call method_missing and attempt raise
an error. However, the iseq is invalid as it's a dummy frame so it will
write an invalid iseq to the created NoMethodError.

The following script crashes:

```
GC.stress = true

class Object
  public :method_missing
end

File.write("/tmp/empty.rb", "")
require "/tmp/empty.rb"
```

With the following backtrace:

```
frame #0: 0x00000001000fa8b8 miniruby`RVALUE_MARKED(obj=4308637824) at gc.c:1638:12
frame #1: 0x00000001000fb440 miniruby`RVALUE_BLACK_P(obj=4308637824) at gc.c:1763:12
frame #2: 0x00000001000facdc miniruby`gc_writebarrier_incremental(a=4308637824, b=4308332208, objspace=0x000000010180b000) at gc.c:8822:9
frame #3: 0x00000001000faad8 miniruby`rb_gc_writebarrier(a=4308637824, b=4308332208) at gc.c:8864:17
frame #4: 0x000000010016aff0 miniruby`rb_obj_written(a=4308637824, oldv=36, b=4308332208, filename="../iseq.c", line=1279) at gc.h:804:9
frame #5: 0x0000000100162a60 miniruby`rb_obj_write(a=4308637824, slot=0x0000000100d09888, b=4308332208, filename="../iseq.c", line=1279) at gc.h:837:5
frame #6: 0x0000000100165b0c miniruby`iseqw_new(iseq=0x0000000100d09880) at iseq.c:1279:9
frame #7: 0x0000000100165a64 miniruby`rb_iseqw_new(iseq=0x0000000100d09880) at iseq.c:1289:12
frame #8: 0x00000001000d8324 miniruby`name_err_init_attr(exc=4309777920, recv=4304780496, method=827660) at error.c:1830:35
frame #9: 0x00000001000d1b80 miniruby`name_err_init(exc=4309777920, mesg=4308332496, recv=4304780496, method=827660) at error.c:1869:12
frame #10: 0x00000001000d1bd4 miniruby`rb_nomethod_err_new(mesg=4308332496, recv=4304780496, method=827660, args=4308332448, priv=0) at error.c:1957:5
frame #11: 0x000000010039049c miniruby`rb_make_no_method_exception(exc=4304914512, format=4308332496, obj=4304780496, argc=1, argv=0x000000016fdfab00, priv=0) at vm_eval.c:959:16
frame #12: 0x00000001003b3274 miniruby`raise_method_missing(ec=0x0000000100b06f40, argc=1, argv=0x000000016fdfab00, obj=4304780496, last_call_status=MISSING_NOENTRY) at vm_eval.c:999:15
frame #13: 0x00000001003945d4 miniruby`rb_method_missing(argc=1, argv=0x000000016fdfab00, obj=4304780496) at vm_eval.c:944:5
...
frame #23: 0x000000010038f5e4 miniruby`rb_vm_call_kw(ec=0x0000000100b06f40, recv=4304780496, id=2865, argc=1, argv=0x000000016fdfab00, me=0x0000000100cbfcf0, kw_splat=0) at vm_eval.c:326:12
frame #24: 0x00000001003c18e4 miniruby`call_method_entry(ec=0x0000000100b06f40, defined_class=4304927952, obj=4304780496, id=2865, cme=0x0000000100cbfcf0, argc=1, argv=0x000000016fdfab00, kw_splat=0) at vm_method.c:2720:20
frame #25: 0x00000001003c440c miniruby`check_funcall_exec(v=6171896792) at vm_eval.c:589:12
frame #26: 0x00000001000dec00 miniruby`rb_vrescue2(b_proc=(miniruby`check_funcall_exec at vm_eval.c:587), data1=6171896792, r_proc=(miniruby`check_funcall_failed at vm_eval.c:596), data2=6171896792, args="Pȗ") at eval.c:919:18
frame #27: 0x00000001000deab0 miniruby`rb_rescue2(b_proc=(miniruby`check_funcall_exec at vm_eval.c:587), data1=6171896792, r_proc=(miniruby`check_funcall_failed at vm_eval.c:596), data2=6171896792) at eval.c:900:17
frame #28: 0x000000010039008c miniruby`check_funcall_missing(ec=0x0000000100b06f40, klass=4304923536, recv=4304780496, mid=3233, argc=0, argv=0x0000000000000000, respond=-1, def=36, kw_splat=0) at vm_eval.c:666:15
frame #29: 0x000000010038fa60 miniruby`rb_check_funcall_default_kw(recv=4304780496, mid=3233, argc=0, argv=0x0000000000000000, def=36, kw_splat=0) at vm_eval.c:703:21
frame #30: 0x000000010038fb04 miniruby`rb_check_funcall(recv=4304780496, mid=3233, argc=0, argv=0x0000000000000000) at vm_eval.c:685:12
frame #31: 0x00000001001c469c miniruby`convert_type_with_id(val=4304780496, tname="String", method=3233, raise=0, index=-1) at object.c:3061:15
frame #32: 0x00000001001c4a4c miniruby`rb_check_convert_type_with_id(val=4304780496, type=5, tname="String", method=3233) at object.c:3153:9
frame #33: 0x00000001002d59f8 miniruby`rb_check_string_type(str=4304780496) at string.c:2571:11
frame #34: 0x000000010014b7b0 miniruby`io_encoding_set(fptr=0x0000000100d09ca0, v1=4304780496, v2=4, opt=4) at io.c:11655:19
frame #35: 0x0000000100139a58 miniruby`rb_io_set_encoding(argc=1, argv=0x000000016fdfb450, io=4308334032) at io.c:13497:5
frame #36: 0x00000001003c0004 miniruby`ractor_safe_call_cfunc_m1(recv=4308334032, argc=1, argv=0x000000016fdfb450, func=(miniruby`rb_io_set_encoding at io.c:13487)) at vm_insnhelper.c:3271:12
...
frame #43: 0x0000000100390b08 miniruby`rb_funcall(recv=4308334032, mid=16593, n=1) at vm_eval.c:1137:12
frame #44: 0x00000001002a43d8 miniruby`load_file_internal(argp_v=6171899936) at ruby.c:2500:5
...
```

1 files changed, 15 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/test/ruby/test_require.rb b/test/ruby/test_require.rb
index e124498531..49c771c33c 100644
--- a/test/ruby/test_require.rb
+++ b/test/ruby/test_require.rb
@@ -960,4 +960,19 @@ class TestRequire < Test::Unit::TestCase
       assert_nil($LOAD_PATH.resolve_feature_path("superkalifragilisticoespialidoso"))
     end
   end
+
+  def test_require_with_public_method_missing
+    # [Bug #19793]
+    assert_separately(["-W0", "--disable-gems", "-rtempfile"], __FILE__, __LINE__, <<~RUBY)
+      GC.stress = true
+
+      class Object
+        public :method_missing
+      end
+
+      Tempfile.create(["empty", ".rb"]) do |file|
+        require file.path
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
 end