ruby-spec: Accept both a backtick and a single quote in error messages

26 files changed, 85 insertions, 73 deletions

diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/basicobject/singleton_method_added_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/basicobject/singleton_method_added_spec.rb
index ab6b2a2d10..fc65a091aa 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/basicobject/singleton_method_added_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/basicobject/singleton_method_added_spec.rb
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ describe "BasicObject#singleton_method_added" do
         -> {
           def self.foo
           end
-        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `singleton_method_added' for/)
+        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']singleton_method_added' for/)
       end
     end
 
@@ -106,16 +106,16 @@ describe "BasicObject#singleton_method_added" do
         -> {
           def foo
           end
-        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `singleton_method_added' for #<Object:/)
+        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']singleton_method_added' for #<Object:/)
 
         -> {
           define_method(:bar) {}
-        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `singleton_method_added' for #<Object:/)
+        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']singleton_method_added' for #<Object:/)
       end
 
       -> {
         object.define_singleton_method(:baz) {}
-      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `singleton_method_added' for #<Object:/)
+      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']singleton_method_added' for #<Object:/)
     end
 
     it "calls #method_missing" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/class/attached_object_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/class/attached_object_spec.rb
index d97f9cc93e..f1c0f63a44 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/class/attached_object_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/class/attached_object_spec.rb
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ ruby_version_is '3.2' do
     end
 
     it "raises TypeError for special singleton classes" do
-      -> { nil.singleton_class.attached_object }.should raise_error(TypeError, /`NilClass' is not a singleton class/)
-      -> { true.singleton_class.attached_object }.should raise_error(TypeError, /`TrueClass' is not a singleton class/)
-      -> { false.singleton_class.attached_object }.should raise_error(TypeError, /`FalseClass' is not a singleton class/)
+      -> { nil.singleton_class.attached_object }.should raise_error(TypeError, /[`']NilClass' is not a singleton class/)
+      -> { true.singleton_class.attached_object }.should raise_error(TypeError, /[`']TrueClass' is not a singleton class/)
+      -> { false.singleton_class.attached_object }.should raise_error(TypeError, /[`']FalseClass' is not a singleton class/)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/enumerator/product/each_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/enumerator/product/each_spec.rb
index 868a1ea6bf..cabeb9d93a 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/enumerator/product/each_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/enumerator/product/each_spec.rb
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ ruby_version_is "3.2" do
     it "raises a NoMethodError if the object doesn't respond to #each_entry" do
       -> {
         Enumerator::Product.new(Object.new).each {}
-      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `each_entry' for/)
+      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']each_entry' for/)
     end
 
     it "returns enumerator if not given a block" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/enumerator/product_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/enumerator/product_spec.rb
index 0fb00fc7ee..0acca6690e 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/enumerator/product_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/enumerator/product_spec.rb
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ ruby_version_is "3.2" do
     it "raises NoMethodError when argument doesn't respond to #each_entry" do
       -> {
         Enumerator.product(Object.new).to_a
-      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `each_entry' for/)
+      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']each_entry' for/)
     end
 
     it "calls #each_entry lazily" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb
index 3f74c4cefe..bce6c95175 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe "Exception#backtrace" do
   end
 
   it "includes the name of the method from where self raised in the first element" do
-    @backtrace.first.should =~ /in `backtrace'/
+    @backtrace.first.should =~ /in [`']backtrace'/
   end
 
   it "includes the filename of the location immediately prior to where self raised in the second element" do
@@ -38,12 +38,25 @@ describe "Exception#backtrace" do
     @backtrace[1].should =~ /:6(:in )?/
   end
 
-  it "contains lines of the same format for each prior position in the stack" do
-    @backtrace[2..-1].each do |line|
-      # This regexp is deliberately imprecise to account for the need to abstract out
-      # the paths of the included mspec files and the desire to avoid specifying in any
-      # detail what the in `...' portion looks like.
-      line.should =~ /^.+:\d+:in `[^`]+'$/
+  ruby_version_is ""..."3.4" do
+    it "contains lines of the same format for each prior position in the stack" do
+      @backtrace[2..-1].each do |line|
+        # This regexp is deliberately imprecise to account for the need to abstract out
+        # the paths of the included mspec files and the desire to avoid specifying in any
+        # detail what the in `...' portion looks like.
+        line.should =~ /^.+:\d+:in `[^`]+'$/
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  ruby_version_is "3.4" do
+    it "contains lines of the same format for each prior position in the stack" do
+      @backtrace[2..-1].each do |line|
+        # This regexp is deliberately imprecise to account for the need to abstract out
+        # the paths of the included mspec files and the desire to avoid specifying in any
+        # detail what the in '...' portion looks like.
+        line.should =~ /^.+:\d+:in '[^`]+'$/
+      end
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/exception/full_message_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/exception/full_message_spec.rb
index 4fad369936..5154354555 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/exception/full_message_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/exception/full_message_spec.rb
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ describe "Exception#full_message" do
     e = RuntimeError.new("Some runtime error")
     e.backtrace.should == nil
     full_message = e.full_message(highlight: false, order: :top).lines
-    full_message[0].should.start_with?("#{__FILE__}:#{__LINE__-1}:in `")
+    full_message[0].should.start_with?("#{__FILE__}:#{__LINE__-1}:in ")
     full_message[0].should.end_with?("': Some runtime error (RuntimeError)\n")
   end
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ describe "Exception#full_message" do
       line = __LINE__; raise "first line\nsecond line"
     rescue => e
       full_message = e.full_message(highlight: false, order: :top).lines
-      full_message[0].should.start_with?("#{__FILE__}:#{line}:in `")
+      full_message[0].should.start_with?("#{__FILE__}:#{line}:in ")
       full_message[0].should.end_with?(": first line (RuntimeError)\n")
       full_message[1].should == "second line\n"
     end
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ describe "Exception#full_message" do
       line = __LINE__; raise "first line\nsecond line\nthird line"
     rescue => e
       full_message = e.full_message(highlight: true, order: :top).lines
-      full_message[0].should.start_with?("#{__FILE__}:#{line}:in `")
+      full_message[0].should.start_with?("#{__FILE__}:#{line}:in ")
       full_message[0].should.end_with?(": \e[1mfirst line (\e[1;4mRuntimeError\e[m\e[1m)\e[m\n")
       full_message[1].should == "\e[1msecond line\e[m\n"
       full_message[2].should == "\e[1mthird line\e[m\n"
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/exception/interrupt_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/exception/interrupt_spec.rb
index 299b5b81f3..90d261e470 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/exception/interrupt_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/exception/interrupt_spec.rb
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ describe "Interrupt" do
       err = IO.popen([*ruby_exe, '-e', 'Process.kill :INT, Process.pid; sleep'], err: [:child, :out], &:read)
       $?.termsig.should == Signal.list.fetch('INT')
       err.should.include? ': Interrupt'
-      err.should.include? "from -e:1:in `<main>'"
+      err.should =~ /from -e:1:in [`']<main>'/
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/exception/no_method_error_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/exception/no_method_error_spec.rb
index 4621e36f44..26df3338e9 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/exception/no_method_error_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/exception/no_method_error_spec.rb
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ describe "NoMethodError#message" do
       NoMethodErrorSpecs::NoMethodErrorC.new.a_private_method
     rescue Exception => e
       e.should be_kind_of(NoMethodError)
-      e.message.lines[0].should =~ /private method `a_private_method' called for /
+      e.message.lines[0].should =~ /private method [`']a_private_method' called for /
     end
   end
 
@@ -130,14 +130,14 @@ describe "NoMethodError#message" do
     begin
       klass.foo
     rescue NoMethodError => error
-      error.message.lines.first.chomp.should =~ /^undefined method `foo' for /
+      error.message.lines.first.chomp.should =~ /^undefined method [`']foo' for /
     end
 
     mod = Module.new { def self.name; "MyModule"; end }
     begin
       mod.foo
     rescue NoMethodError => error
-      error.message.lines.first.chomp.should =~ /^undefined method `foo' for /
+      error.message.lines.first.chomp.should =~ /^undefined method [`']foo' for /
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/exception/to_s_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/exception/to_s_spec.rb
index 4c4c7ab432..65c0d73a98 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/exception/to_s_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/exception/to_s_spec.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe "NameError#to_s" do
     begin
       puts not_defined
     rescue => exception
-      exception.message.should =~ /undefined local variable or method `not_defined'/
+      exception.message.should =~ /undefined local variable or method [`']not_defined'/
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/exception/top_level_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/exception/top_level_spec.rb
index bcd09205b6..8a1e3b92f9 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/exception/top_level_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/exception/top_level_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ require_relative '../../spec_helper'
 
 describe "An Exception reaching the top level" do
   it "is printed on STDERR" do
-    ruby_exe('raise "foo"', args: "2>&1", exit_status: 1).should.include?("in `<main>': foo (RuntimeError)")
+    ruby_exe('raise "foo"', args: "2>&1", exit_status: 1).should =~ /in [`']<main>': foo \(RuntimeError\)/
   end
 
   it "the Exception#cause is printed to STDERR with backtraces" do
@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@ describe "An Exception reaching the top level" do
     lines = ruby_exe(code, args: "2>&1", exit_status: 1).lines
     lines.reject! { |l| l.include?('rescue in') }
     lines.map! { |l| l.chomp[/:(in.+)/, 1] }
-    lines.should == ["in `raise_wrapped': wrapped (RuntimeError)",
-                     "in `<main>'",
-                     "in `raise_cause': the cause (RuntimeError)",
-                     "in `<main>'"]
+    lines.size.should == 4
+    lines[0].should =~ /\Ain [`']raise_wrapped': wrapped \(RuntimeError\)\z/
+    lines[1].should =~ /\Ain [`']<main>'\z/
+    lines[2].should =~ /\Ain [`']raise_cause': the cause \(RuntimeError\)\z/
+    lines[3].should =~ /\Ain [`']<main>'\z/
   end
 
   describe "with a custom backtrace" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/io/pwrite_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/io/pwrite_spec.rb
index 00d40db28d..2bc508b37d 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/io/pwrite_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/io/pwrite_spec.rb
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ guard -> { platform_is_not :windows or ruby_version_is "3.3" } do
     it "raises a NoMethodError if object does not respond to #to_s" do
       -> {
         @file.pwrite(BasicObject.new, 0)
-      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `to_s'/)
+      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']to_s'/)
     end
 
     it "raises a TypeError if the offset cannot be converted to an Integer" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/kernel/caller_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/kernel/caller_spec.rb
index f1ff7044b8..6f97a2ce07 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/kernel/caller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/kernel/caller_spec.rb
@@ -38,10 +38,9 @@ describe 'Kernel#caller' do
   it "returns an Array with the block given to #at_exit at the base of the stack" do
     path = fixture(__FILE__, "caller_at_exit.rb")
     lines = ruby_exe(path).lines
-    lines.should == [
-      "#{path}:6:in `foo'\n",
-      "#{path}:2:in `block in <main>'\n"
-    ]
+    lines.size.should == 2
+    lines[0].should =~ /\A#{path}:6:in [`']foo'\n\z/
+    lines[1].should =~ /\A#{path}:2:in [`']block in <main>'\n\z/
   end
 
   it "works with endless ranges" do
@@ -63,8 +62,7 @@ describe 'Kernel#caller' do
 
       loc = nil
       tap { loc = caller(1, 1)[0] }
-      loc.should.end_with? "in `tap'"
-      loc.should.start_with? "<internal:"
+      loc.should =~ /\A<internal:.*in [`']tap'\z/
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/kernel/eval_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/kernel/eval_spec.rb
index f3b025fb7b..cf3cd47a43 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/kernel/eval_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/kernel/eval_spec.rb
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ class EvalSpecs
   Vπstring_not_frozen = "not frozen"
 end
 CODE
-      -> { eval(code) }.should complain(/warning: `frozen_string_literal' is ignored after any tokens/, verbose: true)
+      -> { eval(code) }.should complain(/warning: [`']frozen_string_literal' is ignored after any tokens/, verbose: true)
       EvalSpecs::Vπstring_not_frozen.frozen?.should be_false
       EvalSpecs.send :remove_const, :Vπstring_not_frozen
 
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/kernel/public_send_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/kernel/public_send_spec.rb
index 4dae419ff9..230ef9659c 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/kernel/public_send_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/kernel/public_send_spec.rb
@@ -105,11 +105,11 @@ describe "Kernel#public_send" do
   end
 
   it "includes `public_send` in the backtrace when passed not enough arguments" do
-    -> { public_send() }.should raise_error(ArgumentError) { |e| e.backtrace[0].should.include?("`public_send'") }
+    -> { public_send() }.should raise_error(ArgumentError) { |e| e.backtrace[0].should =~ /[`']public_send'/ }
   end
 
   it "includes `public_send` in the backtrace when passed a single incorrect argument" do
-    -> { public_send(Object.new) }.should raise_error(TypeError) { |e| e.backtrace[0].should.include?("`public_send'") }
+    -> { public_send(Object.new) }.should raise_error(TypeError) { |e| e.backtrace[0].should =~ /[`']public_send'/ }
   end
 
   it_behaves_like :basicobject_send, :public_send
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb
index eaf238bbd9..34db6fef83 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ describe "Marshal.dump" do
       rescue => e
       end
 
-      Marshal.dump(e).should =~ /undefined method `foo' for ("":String|an instance of String)/
+      Marshal.dump(e).should =~ /undefined method [`']foo' for ("":String|an instance of String)/
     end
 
     it "raises TypeError if an Object is an instance of an anonymous class" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/module/ruby2_keywords_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/module/ruby2_keywords_spec.rb
index a72612a670..aca419f522 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/module/ruby2_keywords_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/module/ruby2_keywords_spec.rb
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ describe "Module#ruby2_keywords" do
       obj.singleton_class.class_exec do
         ruby2_keywords :not_existing
       end
-    }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method `not_existing'/)
+    }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method [`']not_existing'/)
   end
 
   it "accepts String as well" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/module/undef_method_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/module/undef_method_spec.rb
index c2ad200536..d4efcd51cb 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/module/undef_method_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/module/undef_method_spec.rb
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ describe "Module#undef_method" do
   end
 
   it "raises a NameError when passed a missing name for a module" do
-    -> { @module.send :undef_method, :not_exist }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method `not_exist' for module `#{@module}'/) { |e|
+    -> { @module.send :undef_method, :not_exist }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method [`']not_exist' for module [`']#{@module}'/) { |e|
       # a NameError and not a NoMethodError
       e.class.should == NameError
     }
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ describe "Module#undef_method" do
 
   it "raises a NameError when passed a missing name for a class" do
     klass = Class.new
-    -> { klass.send :undef_method, :not_exist }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method `not_exist' for class `#{klass}'/) { |e|
+    -> { klass.send :undef_method, :not_exist }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method [`']not_exist' for class [`']#{klass}'/) { |e|
       # a NameError and not a NoMethodError
       e.class.should == NameError
     }
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ describe "Module#undef_method" do
     obj = klass.new
     sclass = obj.singleton_class
 
-    -> { sclass.send :undef_method, :not_exist }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method `not_exist' for class `#{sclass}'/) { |e|
-      e.message.should include('`#<Class:#<#<Class:')
+    -> { sclass.send :undef_method, :not_exist }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method [`']not_exist' for class [`']#{sclass}'/) { |e|
+      e.message.should =~ /[`']#<Class:#<#<Class:/
 
       # a NameError and not a NoMethodError
       e.class.should == NameError
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ describe "Module#undef_method" do
 
   it "raises a NameError when passed a missing name for a metaclass" do
     klass = String.singleton_class
-    -> { klass.send :undef_method, :not_exist }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method `not_exist' for class `String'/) { |e|
+    -> { klass.send :undef_method, :not_exist }.should raise_error(NameError, /undefined method [`']not_exist' for class [`']String'/) { |e|
       # a NameError and not a NoMethodError
       e.class.should == NameError
     }
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/objectspace/weakkeymap/element_set_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/objectspace/weakkeymap/element_set_spec.rb
index 689509d820..c427e01ca5 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/objectspace/weakkeymap/element_set_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/objectspace/weakkeymap/element_set_spec.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ ruby_version_is "3.3" do
 
     it "requires the keys to implement #hash" do
       map = ObjectSpace::WeakKeyMap.new
-      -> { map[BasicObject.new] = 1 }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, "undefined method `hash' for an instance of BasicObject")
+      -> { map[BasicObject.new] = 1 }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']hash' for an instance of BasicObject/)
     end
 
     it "accepts frozen keys or values" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/refinement/import_methods_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/refinement/import_methods_spec.rb
index 05973b2380..614c54dff8 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/refinement/import_methods_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/refinement/import_methods_spec.rb
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ describe "Refinement#import_methods" do
         using self
         -> {
           "foo".indent(3)
-        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `indent' for ("foo":String|an instance of String)/)
+        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']indent' for ("foo":String|an instance of String)/)
       end
     end
 
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ describe "Refinement#import_methods" do
         using self
         -> {
           String.indent(3)
-        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `indent' for (String:Class|class String)/)
+        }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']indent' for (String:Class|class String)/)
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/signal/trap_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/signal/trap_spec.rb
index e238da3ca2..6d654a99be 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/signal/trap_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/signal/trap_spec.rb
@@ -242,8 +242,8 @@ describe "Signal.trap" do
 
     it "raises ArgumentError when passed unknown signal" do
       -> { Signal.trap(300) { } }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "invalid signal number (300)")
-      -> { Signal.trap("USR10") { } }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "unsupported signal `SIGUSR10'")
-      -> { Signal.trap("SIGUSR10") { } }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "unsupported signal `SIGUSR10'")
+      -> { Signal.trap("USR10") { } }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Aunsupported signal [`']SIGUSR10'\z/)
+      -> { Signal.trap("SIGUSR10") { } }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Aunsupported signal [`']SIGUSR10'\z/)
     end
 
     it "raises ArgumentError when passed signal is not Integer, String or Symbol" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/symbol/to_proc_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/symbol/to_proc_spec.rb
index 2cd013696a..54eccdba11 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/symbol/to_proc_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/symbol/to_proc_spec.rb
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ describe "Symbol#to_proc" do
       @a = []
       singleton_class.class_eval(&body)
       tap(&:pub)
-      proc{tap(&:pro)}.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /protected method `pro' called/)
-      proc{tap(&:pri)}.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /private method `pri' called/)
+      proc{tap(&:pro)}.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /protected method [`']pro' called/)
+      proc{tap(&:pri)}.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /private method [`']pri' called/)
       @a.should == [:pub]
 
       @a = []
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ describe "Symbol#to_proc" do
       o = c.new
       o.instance_variable_set(:@a, [])
       o.tap(&:pub)
-      proc{tap(&:pro)}.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /protected method `pro' called/)
-      proc{o.tap(&:pri)}.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /private method `pri' called/)
+      proc{tap(&:pro)}.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /protected method [`']pro' called/)
+      proc{o.tap(&:pri)}.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /private method [`']pri' called/)
       o.a.should == [:pub]
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/thread/backtrace_locations_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/thread/backtrace_locations_spec.rb
index c970ae023b..1d1a9cd0aa 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/thread/backtrace_locations_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/thread/backtrace_locations_spec.rb
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ describe "Thread#backtrace_locations" do
   end
 
   it "the first location reports the call to #backtrace_locations" do
-    Thread.current.backtrace_locations(0..0)[0].to_s.should == "#{__FILE__ }:#{__LINE__ }:in `backtrace_locations'"
+    Thread.current.backtrace_locations(0..0)[0].to_s.should =~ /\A#{__FILE__ }:#{__LINE__ }:in [`']backtrace_locations'\z/
   end
 
   it "[1..-1] is the same as #caller_locations(0..-1) for Thread.current" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/thread/backtrace_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/thread/backtrace_spec.rb
index 9001b1b7eb..69e39139f8 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/thread/backtrace_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/thread/backtrace_spec.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe "Thread#backtrace" do
 
     backtrace = t.backtrace
     backtrace.should be_kind_of(Array)
-    backtrace.first.should =~ /`sleep'/
+    backtrace.first.should =~ /[`']sleep'/
 
     t.raise 'finish the thread'
     t.join
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/thread/report_on_exception_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/thread/report_on_exception_spec.rb
index ab0af0972e..d9daa041cd 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/thread/report_on_exception_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/thread/report_on_exception_spec.rb
@@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ describe "Thread#report_on_exception=" do
       -> {
         go = true
         Thread.pass while t.alive?
-      }.should output("", <<ERR)
-#{t.inspect} terminated with exception (report_on_exception is true):
-#{__FILE__}:#{line_raise}:in `foo': Thread#report_on_exception specs backtrace order (RuntimeError)
-\tfrom #{__FILE__}:#{line_call_foo}:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
-ERR
+      }.should output("", /\A
+#{Regexp.quote(t.inspect)}\sterminated\swith\sexception\s\(report_on_exception\sis\strue\):\n
+#{Regexp.quote(__FILE__)}:#{line_raise}:in\s[`']foo':\sThread\#report_on_exception\sspecs\sbacktrace\sorder\s\(RuntimeError\)\n
+\tfrom\s#{Regexp.quote(__FILE__)}:#{line_call_foo}:in\s[`']block\s\(4\slevels\)\sin\s<top\s\(required\)>'\n
+\z/x)
 
       -> {
         t.join
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/time/new_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/time/new_spec.rb
index 18d7396269..d686355270 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/time/new_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/time/new_spec.rb
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ describe "Time.new with a timezone argument" do
 
       -> {
         Marshal.dump(time)
-      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method `name' for/)
+      }.should raise_error(NoMethodError, /undefined method [`']name' for/)
     end
   end
 
@@ -559,15 +559,15 @@ describe "Time.new with a timezone argument" do
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-012-25 00:56:17 +0900")
-        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "two digits mon is expected after `-': -012-25 00:")
+        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Atwo digits mon is expected after [`']-': -012-25 00:\z/)
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-2-25 00:56:17 +0900")
-        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "two digits mon is expected after `-': -2-25 00:56")
+        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Atwo digits mon is expected after [`']-': -2-25 00:56\z/)
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-12-215 00:56:17 +0900")
-        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "two digits mday is expected after `-': -215 00:56:")
+        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Atwo digits mday is expected after [`']-': -215 00:56:\z/)
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-12-25 000:56:17 +0900")
@@ -579,19 +579,19 @@ describe "Time.new with a timezone argument" do
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-12-25 00:516:17 +0900")
-        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "two digits min is expected after `:': :516:17 +09")
+        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Atwo digits min is expected after [`']:': :516:17 \+09\z/)
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-12-25 00:6:17 +0900")
-        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "two digits min is expected after `:': :6:17 +0900")
+        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Atwo digits min is expected after [`']:': :6:17 \+0900\z/)
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-12-25 00:56:137 +0900")
-        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "two digits sec is expected after `:': :137 +0900")
+        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Atwo digits sec is expected after [`']:': :137 \+0900\z/)
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-12-25 00:56:7 +0900")
-        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "two digits sec is expected after `:': :7 +0900")
+        }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /\Atwo digits sec is expected after [`']:': :7 \+0900\z/)
 
         -> {
           Time.new("2020-12-25 00:56. +0900")
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/tracepoint/inspect_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/tracepoint/inspect_spec.rb
index 21d62e9e26..cc6bf0f842 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/tracepoint/inspect_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/tracepoint/inspect_spec.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe 'TracePoint#inspect' do
       trace_point_spec_test_call
     end
 
-    inspect.should == "#<TracePoint:call `trace_point_spec_test_call'#{@path_prefix}#{__FILE__}:#{line}>"
+    inspect.should =~ /\A#<TracePoint:call [`']trace_point_spec_test_call'#{@path_prefix}#{__FILE__}:#{line}>\z/
   end
 
   it 'returns a String showing the event, method, path and line for a :return event' do
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ describe 'TracePoint#inspect' do
       trace_point_spec_test_return
     end
 
-    inspect.should == "#<TracePoint:return `trace_point_spec_test_return'#{@path_prefix}#{__FILE__}:#{line}>"
+    inspect.should =~ /\A#<TracePoint:return [`']trace_point_spec_test_return'#{@path_prefix}#{__FILE__}:#{line}>\z/
   end
 
   it 'returns a String showing the event, method, path and line for a :c_call event' do
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ describe 'TracePoint#inspect' do
       [0, 1].max
     end
 
-    inspect.should == "#<TracePoint:c_call `max'#{@path_prefix}#{__FILE__}:#{line}>"
+    inspect.should =~ /\A#<TracePoint:c_call [`']max'#{@path_prefix}#{__FILE__}:#{line}>\z/
   end
 
   it 'returns a String showing the event, path and line for a :class event' do