* 2021-08-22 [ci skip]

author: git <svn-admin@ruby-lang.org> 2021-08-22 02:15:17 +0900
committer: git <svn-admin@ruby-lang.org> 2021-08-22 02:15:17 +0900
commit: ad99edc7db8a993435d44bf866732e6147e32c58 (patch)
tree: a9802aeb06860776066b4fcd01143073f20c8d87 /spec/ruby/core/float/finite_spec.rb
parent: 48c8df9e0eb295af06d593ce37ce1933c0ee1d90 (diff)
0 files changed, 0 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.appveyor.yml b/.appveyor.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05ff204541
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.appveyor.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+---
+version: '{build}'
+init:
+  - git config --global user.name git
+  - git config --global user.email svn-admin@ruby-lang.org
+  - git config --global core.autocrlf false
+  - git config --global core.eol lf
+  - git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+shallow_clone: true
+clone_depth: 10
+platform:
+  - x64
+skip_commits:
+  message: /\[DOC\]/
+  files:
+    - doc/*
+    - '**/*.md'
+    - '**/*.rdoc'
+    - '**/.document'
+    - '**/*.[1-8]'
+    - '**/*.ronn'
+environment:
+  ruby_version: "24-%Platform%"
+  matrix:
+    # Test only the oldest supported version because AppVeyor is unstable, its concurrency
+    # is limited, and compatibility issues that happen only in newer versions are rare.
+    # You may test some other stuff on GitHub Actions instead.
+    - build: vs
+      vs: 120 # Visual Studio 2013
+      ssl: OpenSSL-v111
+      # The worker image name. This is NOT the Visual Studio version we're using here.
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
+      GEMS_FOR_TEST: ""
+  RELINE_TEST_ENCODING: "UTF-8"
+cache:
+  - c:\Tools\vcpkg\installed\
+for:
+-
+  matrix:
+    only:
+      - build: vs
+  install:
+    - ver
+    - chcp
+    - SET BITS=%Platform:x86=32%
+    - SET BITS=%BITS:x=%
+    - SET OPENSSL_DIR=C:\%ssl%-Win%BITS%
+    - cd C:\Tools\vcpkg
+    - git pull -q
+    - .\bootstrap-vcpkg.bat
+    - ps: Start-FileDownload 'https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg-tool/releases/download/2023-08-09/vcpkg.exe' -FileName 'C:\Tools\vcpkg\vcpkg.exe'
+    - cd %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%
+    - vcpkg --triplet %Platform%-windows install --x-use-aria2 libffi libyaml readline zlib
+    - CALL SET vcvars=%%^VS%VS%COMNTOOLS^%%..\..\VC\vcvarsall.bat
+    - SET vcvars
+    - '"%vcvars%" %Platform:x64=amd64%'
+    - SET ruby_path=C:\Ruby%ruby_version:-x86=%
+    - SET PATH=\usr\local\bin;%ruby_path%\bin;%PATH%;C:\msys64\mingw64\bin;C:\msys64\usr\bin
+    - ruby --version
+    - 'cl'
+    - echo> Makefile srcdir=.
+    - echo>> Makefile MSC_VER=0
+    - echo>> Makefile RT=none
+    - echo>> Makefile RT_VER=0
+    - echo>> Makefile BUILTIN_ENCOBJS=nul
+    - type win32\Makefile.sub >> Makefile
+    - nmake %mflags% up VCSUP="echo Update OK"
+    - nmake %mflags% extract-extlibs
+    - del Makefile
+    - mkdir \usr\local\bin
+    - mkdir \usr\local\include
+    - mkdir \usr\local\lib
+    - for %%I in (%OPENSSL_DIR%\*.dll) do mklink /h \usr\local\bin\%%~nxI %%I
+    - for %%I in (c:\Tools\vcpkg\installed\%Platform%-windows\bin\*.dll) do (
+        if not %%~nI == readline mklink \usr\local\bin\%%~nxI %%I
+      )
+    - attrib +r /s /d
+    - mkdir %Platform%-mswin_%vs%
+  build_script:
+    - set HAVE_GIT=no
+    - cd %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%
+    - cd %Platform%-mswin_%vs%
+    - >-
+      ..\win32\configure.bat
+      --with-opt-dir="/usr/local;c:/Tools/vcpkg/installed/%Platform%-windows"
+      --with-openssl-dir=%OPENSSL_DIR:\=/%
+    - nmake -l
+    - nmake install-nodoc
+    - \usr\bin\ruby -v -e "p :locale => Encoding.find('locale'), :filesystem => Encoding.find('filesystem')"
+    - if not "%GEMS_FOR_TEST%" == "" \usr\bin\gem install --no-document %GEMS_FOR_TEST%
+    - \usr\bin\ruby -ropenssl -e "puts 'Build    ' + OpenSSL::OPENSSL_VERSION, 'Runtime  ' + OpenSSL::OPENSSL_LIBRARY_VERSION"
+  test_script:
+    - set /a JOBS=%NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS%
+    - nmake -l "TESTOPTS=-v -q" btest
+    - nmake -l "TESTOPTS=-v -q" test-basic
+    - >-
+      nmake -l "TESTOPTS=--timeout-scale=3.0
+      --excludes=../test/excludes/_appveyor -j%JOBS%
+      --exclude win32ole
+      --exclude test_bignum
+      --exclude test_syntax
+      --exclude test_open-uri
+      --exclude test_bundled_ca
+      " test-all
+    # separately execute tests without -j which may crash worker with -j.
+    - >-
+      nmake -l
+      "TESTOPTS=--timeout-scale=3.0 --excludes=../test/excludes/_appveyor"
+      TESTS="
+      ../test/win32ole
+      ../test/ruby/test_bignum.rb
+      ../test/ruby/test_syntax.rb
+      ../test/open-uri/test_open-uri.rb
+      ../test/rubygems/test_bundled_ca.rb
+      " test-all
+    - nmake -l test-spec MSPECOPT=-fs # not using `-j` because sometimes `mspec -j` silently dies on Windows
+notifications:
+  - provider: Webhook
+    method: POST
+    url:
+      secure: CcFlJNDJ/a6to7u3Z4Fnz6dScEPNx7hTha2GkSRlV+1U6dqmxY/7uBcLXYb9gR3jfQk6w+2o/HrjNAyXMNGU/JOka3s2WRI4VKitzM+lQ08owvJIh0R7LxrGH0J2e81U # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+    body: >-
+      {{^isPullRequest}}
+        {
+          "ci": "AppVeyor CI",
+          "env": "Visual Studio 2013",
+          "url": "{{buildUrl}}",
+          "commit": "{{commitId}}",
+          "branch": "{{branch}}"
+        }
+      {{/isPullRequest}}
+    on_build_success: false
+    on_build_failure: true
+    on_build_status_changed: false
diff --git a/.cvsignore b/.cvsignore
deleted file mode 100644
index 2332ee6472..0000000000
--- a/.cvsignore
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-*.bak
-*.orig
-*.rej
-*.sav
-*~
-.ccmalloc
-.ppack
-COPYING.LIB
-ChangeLog.pre-alpha
-ChangeLog.pre1_1
-Makefile
-README.fat-patch
-README.v6
-README.atheos
-archive
-autom4te*.cache
-automake
-beos
-config.cache
-config.h
-config.h.in
-config.log
-config.status
-configure
-foo.rb
-libruby.so.*
-miniruby
-miniruby.elhash
-miniruby.elhash2
-miniruby.orig2
-miniruby.plhash
-miniruby.plhash2
-modex.rb
-newdate.rb
-newver.rb
-parse.c
-parse.y.try
-pitest.rb
-ppack
-rbconfig.rb
-rename2.h
-repack
-riscos
-rubicon
-ruby
-ruby-man.rd.gz
-rubyunit
-st.c.power
-this that
-tmp
-web
-y.output
-y.tab.c
diff --git a/.dir-locals.el b/.dir-locals.el
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8f4b96445c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.dir-locals.el
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+;; Copyright (c) 2018 Urabe, Shyouhei.  All rights reserved.
+;;
+;; This file is a part of  the programming language Ruby.  Permission is hereby
+;; granted, to either  redistribute and/or modify this file,  provided that the
+;; conditions mentioned  in the  file COPYING  are met.   Consult the  file for
+;; details.
+
+((nil .
+     ((indent-tabs-mode . nil)
+      (require-final-newline . t)
+      (tab-width . 8)
+      (show-trailing-whitespace . t)
+      (whitespace-line-column . 80))) ;; See also [Misc #12277]
+
+ ;; (bat-mode . ((buffer-file-coding-system . utf-8-dos)))
+
+ (ruby-mode . ((ruby-indent-level . 2)))
+
+ (rdoc-mode . ((fill-column . 74)))
+
+ (yaml-mode . ((yaml-indent-offset . 2)))
+
+ (makefile-mode . ((indent-tabs-mode . t)))
+
+ (c-mode . ((c-file-style . "ruby")))
+
+ (c++-mode . ((c-file-style . "ruby")))
+
+ (change-log-mode .
+     ((buffer-file-coding-system . us-ascii)
+      (indent-tabs-mode . t)
+      (change-log-indent-text . 2)
+      (add-log-time-format . (lambda (&optional x y)
+        (let* ((time (or x (current-time)))
+	       (system-time-locale "C")
+	       (diff (+ (cadr time) 32400))
+	       (lo (% diff 65536))
+	       (hi (+ (car time) (/ diff 65536))))
+        (format-time-string "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y" (list hi lo) t)))))))
diff --git a/.document b/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3a6b0c238c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.document
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# This file determines which files in the
+# Ruby hierarchy will be processed by the RDoc
+# tool when it is given the top-level directory
+# as an argument
+
+# Process all the C source files
+*.c
+*.y
+
+# prelude
+prelude.rb
+rbconfig.rb
+
+array.rb
+ast.rb
+dir.rb
+gc.rb
+io.rb
+kernel.rb
+marshal.rb
+mjit.rb
+numeric.rb
+nilclass.rb
+pack.rb
+ractor.rb
+string.rb
+symbol.rb
+timev.rb
+thread_sync.rb
+trace_point.rb
+warning.rb
+yjit.rb
+
+# the lib/ directory (which has its own .document file)
+lib
+
+# and some of the ext/ directory (which has its own .document file)
+ext
+
+# rdoc files
+NEWS.md
+
+README.md
+README.ja.md
+
+COPYING
+COPYING.ja
+
+LEGAL
+
+# win32/README.win32 linked from README.md
+win32
+
+doc
diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4633a7acae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+root = true
+
+[*]
+end_of_line = lf
+indent_size = 4
+indent_style = space
+insert_final_newline = true
+tab_width = 8
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+
+[*.bat]
+end_of_line = crlf
+
+[*.gemspec]
+indent_size = 2
+
+[*.rb]
+indent_size = 2
+
+[*.yml]
+indent_size = 2
+
+[{*[Mm]akefile*,*.mak,*.mk,depend}]
+indent_style = tab
+
+[enc/*]
+indent_size = 2
+
+[reg*.[ch]]
+indent_size = 2
diff --git a/.gdbinit b/.gdbinit
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34d044caf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gdbinit
@@ -0,0 +1,1350 @@
+set startup-with-shell off
+
+define hook-run
+  set $color_type = 0
+  set $color_highlite = 0
+  set $color_end = 0
+end
+
+define ruby_gdb_init
+  if !$color_type
+    set $color_type = "\033[31m"
+  end
+  if !$color_highlite
+    set $color_highlite = "\033[36m"
+  end
+  if !$color_end
+    set $color_end = "\033[m"
+  end
+  if ruby_dummy_gdb_enums.special_consts
+  end
+end
+
+# set prompt \033[36m(gdb)\033[m\040
+
+define rp
+  ruby_gdb_init
+  if (VALUE)($arg0) & RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG
+    printf "FIXNUM: %ld\n", (long)($arg0) >> 1
+  else
+  if ((VALUE)($arg0) & ~(~(VALUE)0<<RUBY_SPECIAL_SHIFT)) == RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG
+    set $id = (($arg0) >> RUBY_SPECIAL_SHIFT)
+    printf "%sSYMBOL%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    rp_id $id
+  else
+  if ($arg0) == RUBY_Qfalse
+    echo false\n
+  else
+  if ($arg0) == RUBY_Qtrue
+    echo true\n
+  else
+  if ($arg0) == RUBY_Qnil
+    echo nil\n
+  else
+  if ($arg0) == RUBY_Qundef
+    echo undef\n
+  else
+  if (VALUE)($arg0) & RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK
+    if ((VALUE)($arg0) & RUBY_FLONUM_MASK) == RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG
+      printf "%sFLONUM%s: %g\n", $color_type, $color_end, (double)rb_float_value($arg0)
+    else
+      echo immediate\n
+    end
+  else
+  set $flags = ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags
+  if ($flags & RUBY_FL_PROMOTED) == RUBY_FL_PROMOTED
+    printf "[PROMOTED] "
+  end
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_NONE
+    printf "%sT_NONE%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RBasic *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_NIL
+    printf "%sT_NIL%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RBasic *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_OBJECT
+    printf "%sT_OBJECT%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print ((struct RObject *)($arg0))->basic
+    if ($flags & ROBJECT_EMBED)
+      print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RObject*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ (ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX+0)
+    else
+      print (((struct RObject *)($arg0))->as.heap)
+      if (((struct RObject*)($arg0))->as.heap.numiv) > 0
+        print/x *(((struct RObject*)($arg0))->as.heap.ivptr) @ (((struct RObject*)($arg0))->as.heap.numiv)
+      end
+    end
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_CLASS
+    printf "%sT_CLASS%s%s: ", $color_type, ($flags & RUBY_FL_SINGLETON) ? "*" : "", $color_end
+    rp_class $arg0
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_ICLASS
+    printf "%sT_ICLASS%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    rp_class $arg0
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_MODULE
+    printf "%sT_MODULE%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    rp_class $arg0
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_FLOAT
+    printf "%sT_FLOAT%s: %.16g ", $color_type, $color_end, (((struct RFloat*)($arg0))->float_value)
+    print (struct RFloat *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_STRING
+    printf "%sT_STRING%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    rp_string $arg0 $flags
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_REGEXP
+    set $regsrc = ((struct RRegexp*)($arg0))->src
+    set $rsflags = ((struct RBasic*)$regsrc)->flags
+    printf "%sT_REGEXP%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    set $len = ($rsflags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
+            ((struct RString*)$regsrc)->as.heap.len : \
+            (($rsflags & (RUBY_FL_USER2|RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4|RUBY_FL_USER5|RUBY_FL_USER6)) >> RUBY_FL_USHIFT+2)
+    set print address off
+    output *(char *)(($rsflags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
+	    ((struct RString*)$regsrc)->as.heap.ptr : \
+	    ((struct RString*)$regsrc)->as.ary) @ $len
+    set print address on
+    printf " len:%ld ", $len
+    if $flags & RUBY_FL_USER6
+      printf "(none) "
+    end
+    if $flags & RUBY_FL_USER5
+      printf "(literal) "
+    end
+    if $flags & RUBY_FL_USER4
+      printf "(fixed) "
+    end
+    printf "encoding:%d ", ($flags & RUBY_ENCODING_MASK) >> RUBY_ENCODING_SHIFT
+    print (struct RRegexp *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_ARRAY
+    if ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1)
+      set $len = (($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4)) >> (RUBY_FL_USHIFT+3))
+      printf "%sT_ARRAY%s: len=%ld ", $color_type, $color_end, $len
+      printf "(embed) "
+      if ($len == 0)
+	printf "{(empty)} "
+      else
+	print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
+	printf " "
+      end
+    else
+      set $len = ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.len
+      printf "%sT_ARRAY%s: len=%ld ", $color_type, $color_end, $len
+      if ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER2)
+	printf "(shared) shared="
+	output/x ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.aux.shared_root
+	printf " "
+      else
+	printf "(ownership) capa=%ld ", ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.aux.capa
+      end
+      if ($len == 0)
+	printf "{(empty)} "
+      else
+	print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr) @ $len
+	printf " "
+      end
+    end
+    print (struct RArray *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_FIXNUM
+    printf "%sT_FIXNUM%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RBasic *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_HASH
+    printf "%sT_HASH%s: ", $color_type, $color_end,
+    if (((struct RHash *)($arg0))->basic.flags & RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG)
+      printf "st len=%ld ", ((struct RHash *)($arg0))->as.st->num_entries
+    else
+      printf "li len=%ld bound=%ld ", \
+        ((((struct RHash *)($arg0))->basic.flags & RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_MASK) >> RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_SHIFT), \
+        ((((struct RHash *)($arg0))->basic.flags & RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_MASK) >> RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SHIFT)
+    end
+    print (struct RHash *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_STRUCT
+    set $len = (($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER1|RUBY_FL_USER2)) ? \
+       ($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER1|RUBY_FL_USER2)) >> (RUBY_FL_USHIFT+1) : \
+       ((struct RStruct *)($arg0))->as.heap.len)
+    printf "%sT_STRUCT%s: len=%ld ", $color_type, $color_end, $len
+    print (struct RStruct *)($arg0)
+    output/x *(($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER1|RUBY_FL_USER2)) ? \
+              ((struct RStruct *)($arg0))->as.ary : \
+              ((struct RStruct *)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr) @ $len
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_BIGNUM
+    rp_bignum $arg0
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_RATIONAL
+    printf "%sT_RATIONAL%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RRational *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_COMPLEX
+    printf "%sT_COMPLEX%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RComplex *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_FILE
+    printf "%sT_FILE%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RFile *)($arg0)
+    output *((struct RFile *)($arg0))->fptr
+    printf "\n"
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_TRUE
+    printf "%sT_TRUE%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RBasic *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_FALSE
+    printf "%sT_FALSE%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RBasic *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_DATA
+    if ((struct RTypedData *)($arg0))->typed_flag == 1
+      printf "%sT_DATA%s(%s): ", $color_type, $color_end, ((struct RTypedData *)($arg0))->type->wrap_struct_name
+      print (struct RTypedData *)($arg0)
+    else
+      printf "%sT_DATA%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+      print (struct RData *)($arg0)
+    end
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_MATCH
+    printf "%sT_MATCH%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RMatch *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_SYMBOL
+    printf "%sT_SYMBOL%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RSymbol *)($arg0)
+    set $id_type = ((struct RSymbol *)($arg0))->id & RUBY_ID_SCOPE_MASK
+    if $id_type == RUBY_ID_LOCAL
+      printf "l"
+    else
+    if $id_type == RUBY_ID_INSTANCE
+      printf "i"
+    else
+    if $id_type == RUBY_ID_GLOBAL
+      printf "G"
+    else
+    if $id_type == RUBY_ID_ATTRSET
+      printf "a"
+    else
+    if $id_type == RUBY_ID_CONST
+      printf "C"
+    else
+    if $id_type == RUBY_ID_CLASS
+      printf "c"
+    else
+      printf "j"
+    end
+    end
+    end
+    end
+    end
+    end
+    set $id_fstr = ((struct RSymbol *)($arg0))->fstr
+    rp_string $id_fstr
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_UNDEF
+    printf "%sT_UNDEF%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RBasic *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_IMEMO
+    printf "%sT_IMEMO%s(", $color_type, $color_end
+    output (enum imemo_type)(($flags>>RUBY_FL_USHIFT)&RUBY_IMEMO_MASK)
+    printf "): "
+    rp_imemo $arg0
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_NODE
+    printf "%sT_NODE%s(", $color_type, $color_end
+    output (enum node_type)(($flags&RUBY_NODE_TYPEMASK)>>RUBY_NODE_TYPESHIFT)
+    printf "): "
+    print *(NODE *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_ZOMBIE
+    printf "%sT_ZOMBIE%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RData *)($arg0)
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_MOVED
+    printf "%sT_MOVED%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print *(struct RMoved *)$arg0
+  else
+    printf "%sunknown%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+    print (struct RBasic *)($arg0)
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+end
+document rp
+  Print a Ruby's VALUE.
+end
+
+define rp_id
+  set $id = (ID)$arg0
+  if $id == '!' || $id == '+' || $id == '-' || $id == '*' || $id == '/' || $id == '%' || $id == '<' || $id == '>' || $id == '`'
+    printf "(:%c)\n", $id
+  else
+  if $id == idDot2
+    printf "(:..)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idDot3
+    printf "(:...)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idUPlus
+    printf "(:+@)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idUMinus
+    printf "(:-@)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idPow
+    printf "(:**)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idCmp
+    printf "(:<=>)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idLTLT
+    printf "(:<<)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idGTGT
+    printf "(:>>)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idLE
+    printf "(:<=)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idGE
+    printf "(:>=)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idEq
+    printf "(:==)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idEqq
+    printf "(:===)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idNeq
+    printf "(:!=)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idEqTilde
+    printf "(:=~)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idNeqTilde
+    printf "(:!~)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idAREF
+    printf "(:[])\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idASET
+    printf "(:[]=)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idCOLON2
+    printf "(:'::')\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idANDOP
+    printf "(:&&)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idOROP
+    printf "(:||)\n"
+  else
+  if $id == idANDDOT
+    printf "(:&.)\n"
+  else
+    if $id <= tLAST_OP_ID
+      printf "O"
+    else
+      set $id_type = $id & RUBY_ID_SCOPE_MASK
+      if $id_type == RUBY_ID_LOCAL
+        printf "l"
+      else
+      if $id_type == RUBY_ID_INSTANCE
+        printf "i"
+      else
+      if $id_type == RUBY_ID_GLOBAL
+        printf "G"
+      else
+      if $id_type == RUBY_ID_ATTRSET
+        printf "a"
+      else
+      if $id_type == RUBY_ID_CONST
+        printf "C"
+      else
+      if $id_type == RUBY_ID_CLASS
+        printf "c"
+      else
+        printf "j"
+      end
+      end
+      end
+      end
+      end
+      end
+    end
+    printf "(%ld): ", $id
+    print_id $id
+    echo \n
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+end
+document rp_id
+  Print an ID.
+end
+
+define output_string
+  set $flags = ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags
+  set $len = ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
+          ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.heap.len : \
+          (($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER2|RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4|RUBY_FL_USER5|RUBY_FL_USER6)) >> RUBY_FL_USHIFT+2)
+  if $len > 0
+    output *(char *)(($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
+	    ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr : \
+	    ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
+  else
+    output ""
+  end
+end
+
+define print_string
+  set $flags = ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags
+  set $len = ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
+          ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.heap.len : \
+          (($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER2|RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4|RUBY_FL_USER5|RUBY_FL_USER6)) >> RUBY_FL_USHIFT+2)
+  if $len > 0
+    printf "%s", *(char *)(($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
+	    ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr : \
+	    ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
+  end
+end
+
+define rp_string
+  output_string $arg0
+  printf " bytesize:%ld ", $len
+  if !($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1)
+    printf "(embed) "
+  else
+    if ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER2)
+      printf "(shared) "
+    end
+    if ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER3)
+      printf "(assoc) "
+    end
+  end
+  printf "encoding:%d ", ($flags & RUBY_ENCODING_MASK) >> RUBY_ENCODING_SHIFT
+  if ($flags & RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_MASK) == 0
+    printf "coderange:unknown "
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_MASK) == RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT
+    printf "coderange:7bit "
+  else
+  if ($flags & RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_MASK) == RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_VALID
+    printf "coderange:valid "
+  else
+    printf "coderange:broken "
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  print (struct RString *)($arg0)
+end
+document rp_string
+  Print the content of a String.
+end
+
+define rp_bignum
+  set $flags = ((struct RBignum*)($arg0))->basic.flags
+  set $len = (($flags & RUBY_FL_USER2) ? \
+       ($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER5|RUBY_FL_USER4|RUBY_FL_USER3)) >> (RUBY_FL_USHIFT+3) : \
+       ((struct RBignum*)($arg0))->as.heap.len)
+  printf "%sT_BIGNUM%s: sign=%d len=%ld ", $color_type, $color_end, \
+         (($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1) != 0), $len
+  if $flags & RUBY_FL_USER2
+    printf "(embed) "
+  end
+  print (struct RBignum *)($arg0)
+  set $ptr = (($flags & RUBY_FL_USER2) ? \
+              ((struct RBignum*)($arg0))->as.ary : \
+              ((struct RBignum*)($arg0))->as.heap.digits)
+  set $len = $len-1
+  printf "0x%x", $ptr[$len]
+  while $len > 0
+    set $len = $len-1
+    set $val = $ptr[$len]
+    set $w = sizeof($ptr[0])
+    printf "_"
+    if $w > 8
+      printf "%.32x", $val
+    else
+    if $w > 4
+      printf "%.16x", $val
+    else
+    if $w > 2
+      printf "%.8x", $val
+    else
+    if $w > 1
+      printf "%.4x", $val
+    else
+      printf "%.2x", $val
+    end
+    end
+    end
+    end
+  end
+  printf "\n"
+end
+document rp_bignum
+  Print the content of a Bignum.
+end
+
+define rp_class
+  printf "(struct RClass *) %p", (void*)$arg0
+  if RCLASS_ORIGIN((struct RClass *)($arg0)) != $arg0
+    printf " -> %p", RCLASS_ORIGIN((struct RClass *)($arg0))
+  end
+  printf "\n"
+  rb_classname $arg0
+  print/x *(struct RClass *)($arg0)
+  print *RCLASS_EXT((struct RClass *)($arg0))
+end
+document rp_class
+  Print the content of a Class/Module.
+end
+
+define rp_imemo
+  set $flags = (enum imemo_type)((((struct RBasic *)($arg0))->flags >> RUBY_FL_USHIFT) & RUBY_IMEMO_MASK)
+  if $flags == imemo_cref
+    printf "(rb_cref_t *) %p\n", (void*)$arg0
+    print *(rb_cref_t *)$arg0
+  else
+  if $flags == imemo_svar
+    printf "(struct vm_svar *) %p\n", (void*)$arg0
+    print *(struct vm_svar *)$arg0
+  else
+  if $flags == imemo_throw_data
+    printf "(struct vm_throw_data *) %p\n", (void*)$arg0
+    print *(struct vm_throw_data *)$arg0
+  else
+  if $flags == imemo_ifunc
+    printf "(struct vm_ifunc *) %p\n", (void*)$arg0
+    print *(struct vm_ifunc *)$arg0
+  else
+  if $flags == imemo_memo
+    printf "(struct MEMO *) %p\n", (void*)$arg0
+    print *(struct MEMO *)$arg0
+  else
+  if $flags == imemo_ment
+    printf "(rb_method_entry_t *) %p\n", (void*)$arg0
+    print *(rb_method_entry_t *)$arg0
+  else
+  if $flags == imemo_iseq
+    printf "(rb_iseq_t *) %p\n", (void*)$arg0
+    print *(rb_iseq_t *)$arg0
+  else
+    printf "(struct RIMemo *) %p\n", (void*)$arg0
+    print *(struct RIMemo *)$arg0
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+  end
+end
+document rp_imemo
+  Print the content of a memo
+end
+
+define nd_type
+  print (enum node_type)((((NODE*)($arg0))->flags&RUBY_NODE_TYPEMASK)>>RUBY_NODE_TYPESHIFT)
+end
+document nd_type
+  Print a Ruby' node type.
+end
+
+define nd_file
+  print ((NODE*)($arg0))->nd_file
+end
+document nd_file
+  Print the source file name of a node.
+end
+
+define nd_line
+  print ((unsigned int)((((NODE*)($arg0))->flags>>RUBY_NODE_LSHIFT)&RUBY_NODE_LMASK))
+end
+document nd_line
+  Print the source line number of a node.
+end
+
+# Print members of ruby node.
+
+define nd_head
+  printf "%su1.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.node
+end
+
+define nd_alen
+  printf "%su2.argc%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u2.argc
+end
+
+define nd_next
+  printf "%su3.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_cond
+  printf "%su1.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.node
+end
+
+define nd_body
+  printf "%su2.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u2.node
+end
+
+define nd_else
+  printf "%su3.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_orig
+  printf "%su3.value%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.value
+end
+
+
+define nd_resq
+  printf "%su2.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u2.node
+end
+
+define nd_ensr
+  printf "%su3.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_1st
+  printf "%su1.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.node
+end
+
+define nd_2nd
+  printf "%su2.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u2.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_stts
+  printf "%su1.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_entry
+  printf "%su3.entry%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u3.entry
+end
+
+define nd_vid
+  printf "%su1.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u1.id
+end
+
+define nd_cflag
+  printf "%su2.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u2.id
+end
+
+define nd_cval
+  printf "%su3.value%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.value
+end
+
+define nd_tbl
+  printf "%su1.tbl%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u1.tbl
+end
+
+
+define nd_var
+  printf "%su1.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.node
+end
+
+define nd_ibdy
+  printf "%su2.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u2.node
+end
+
+define nd_iter
+  printf "%su3.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_value
+  printf "%su2.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u2.node
+end
+
+define nd_aid
+  printf "%su3.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u3.id
+end
+
+
+define nd_lit
+  printf "%su1.value%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.value
+end
+
+define nd_rest
+  printf "%su2.argc%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u2.argc
+end
+
+define nd_opt
+  printf "%su1.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_recv
+  printf "%su1.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.node
+end
+
+define nd_mid
+  printf "%su2.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u2.id
+end
+
+define nd_args
+  printf "%su3.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.node
+end
+
+define nd_defn
+  printf "%su3.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_old
+  printf "%su1.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u1.id
+end
+
+define nd_new
+  printf "%su2.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u2.id
+end
+
+
+define nd_cname
+  printf "%su1.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u1.id
+end
+
+define nd_super
+  printf "%su3.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u3.node
+end
+
+
+define nd_modl
+  printf "%su1.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u1.id
+end
+
+define nd_clss
+  printf "%su1.value%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.value
+end
+
+
+define nd_beg
+  printf "%su1.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u1.node
+end
+
+define nd_end
+  printf "%su2.node%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u2.node
+end
+
+define nd_state
+  printf "%su3.state%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u3.state
+end
+
+define nd_rval
+  printf "%su2.value%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u2.value
+end
+
+
+define nd_nth
+  printf "%su2.argc%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u2.argc
+end
+
+
+define nd_tag
+  printf "%su1.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  p ($arg0).u1.id
+end
+
+define nd_tval
+  printf "%su2.value%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
+  rp ($arg0).u2.value
+end
+
+define nd_tree
+  set $buf = (struct RString *)rb_str_buf_new(0)
+  call dump_node((VALUE)($buf), rb_str_tmp_new(0), 0, ($arg0))
+  printf "%s\n", $buf->as.heap.ptr
+end
+
+define rb_p
+  call rb_p($arg0)
+end
+
+define rb_numtable_entry
+  set $rb_numtable_tbl = $arg0
+  set $rb_numtable_id = (st_data_t)$arg1
+  set $rb_numtable_key = 0
+  set $rb_numtable_rec = 0
+  if $rb_numtable_tbl->entries_packed
+    set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_tbl->as.packed.bins
+    while $rb_numtable_p && $rb_numtable_p < $rb_numtable_tbl->as.packed.bins+$rb_numtable_tbl->num_entries
+      if $rb_numtable_p.k == $rb_numtable_id
+	set $rb_numtable_key = $rb_numtable_p.k
+	set $rb_numtable_rec = $rb_numtable_p.v
+	set $rb_numtable_p = 0
+      else
+	set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_p + 1
+      end
+    end
+  else
+    set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_tbl->as.big.bins[st_numhash($rb_numtable_id) % $rb_numtable_tbl->num_bins]
+    while $rb_numtable_p
+      if $rb_numtable_p->key == $rb_numtable_id
+	set $rb_numtable_key = $rb_numtable_p->key
+	set $rb_numtable_rec = $rb_numtable_p->record
+	set $rb_numtable_p = 0
+      else
+	set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_p->next
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+define rb_id2name
+  ruby_gdb_init
+  printf "%sID%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
+  rp_id $arg0
+end
+document rb_id2name
+  Print the name of id
+end
+
+define rb_method_entry
+  set $rb_method_entry_klass = (struct RClass *)$arg0
+  set $rb_method_entry_id = (ID)$arg1
+  set $rb_method_entry_me = (rb_method_entry_t *)0
+  while !$rb_method_entry_me && $rb_method_entry_klass
+    rb_numtable_entry $rb_method_entry_klass->m_tbl_wrapper->tbl $rb_method_entry_id
+    set $rb_method_entry_me = (rb_method_entry_t *)$rb_numtable_rec
+    if !$rb_method_entry_me
+      set $rb_method_entry_klass = (struct RClass *)RCLASS_SUPER($rb_method_entry_klass)
+    end
+  end
+  if $rb_method_entry_me
+    print *$rb_method_entry_klass
+    print *$rb_method_entry_me
+  else
+    echo method not found\n
+  end
+end
+document rb_method_entry
+  Search method entry by class and id
+end
+
+define rb_classname
+  # up to 128bit int
+  set $rb_classname = rb_mod_name($arg0)
+  if $rb_classname != RUBY_Qnil
+    rp $rb_classname
+  else
+    echo anonymous class/module\n
+  end
+end
+
+define rb_ancestors
+  set $rb_ancestors_module = $arg0
+  while $rb_ancestors_module
+    rp_class $rb_ancestors_module
+    set $rb_ancestors_module = RCLASS_SUPER($rb_ancestors_module)
+  end
+end
+document rb_ancestors
+  Print ancestors.
+end
+
+define rb_backtrace
+  call rb_backtrace()
+end
+
+define iseq
+  if ruby_dummy_gdb_enums.special_consts
+  end
+  if ($arg0)->type == ISEQ_ELEMENT_NONE
+    echo [none]\n
+  end
+  if ($arg0)->type == ISEQ_ELEMENT_LABEL
+    print *(LABEL*)($arg0)
+  end
+  if ($arg0)->type == ISEQ_ELEMENT_INSN
+    print *(INSN*)($arg0)
+    if ((INSN*)($arg0))->insn_id != YARVINSN_jump
+      set $i = 0
+      set $operand_size = ((INSN*)($arg0))->operand_size
+      set $operands = ((INSN*)($arg0))->operands
+      while $i < $operand_size
+	rp $operands[$i++]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  if ($arg0)->type == ISEQ_ELEMENT_ADJUST
+    print *(ADJUST*)($arg0)
+  end
+end
+
+define rb_ps
+  rb_ps_vm ruby_current_vm_ptr
+end
+document rb_ps
+Dump all threads and their callstacks
+end
+
+define rb_ps_vm
+  print $ps_vm = (rb_vm_t*)$arg0
+  set $ps_thread_ln      = $ps_vm->ractor.main_ractor.threads.set.n.next
+  set $ps_thread_ln_last = $ps_vm->ractor.main_ractor.threads.set.n.prev
+  while 1
+    set $ps_thread_th = (rb_thread_t *)$ps_thread_ln
+    set $ps_thread = (VALUE)($ps_thread_th->self)
+    rb_ps_thread $ps_thread
+    if $ps_thread_ln == $ps_thread_ln_last
+      loop_break
+    end
+    set $ps_thread_ln = $ps_thread_ln->next
+  end
+end
+document rb_ps_vm
+Dump all threads in a (rb_vm_t*) and their callstacks
+end
+
+define print_lineno
+  set $cfp = $arg0
+  set $iseq = $cfp->iseq
+  set $pos = $cfp->pc - $iseq->body->iseq_encoded
+  if $pos != 0
+    set $pos = $pos - 1
+  end
+
+  set $index = 0
+  set $size = $iseq->body->insns_info.size
+  set $table = $iseq->body->insns_info.body
+  set $positions = $iseq->body->insns_info.positions
+  #printf "size: %d\n", $size
+  if $size == 0
+  else
+  if $size == 1
+    printf "%d", $table[0].line_no
+  else
+    if $positions
+      # get_insn_info_linear_search
+      set $index = 1
+      while $index < $size
+        #printf "table[%d]: position: %d, line: %d, pos: %d\n", $i, $positions[$i], $table[$i].line_no, $pos
+        if $positions[$index] > $pos
+          loop_break
+        end
+        set $index = $index + 1
+        if $positions[$index] == $pos
+          loop_break
+        end
+      end
+    else
+      # get_insn_info_succinct_bitvector
+      set $sd = $iseq->body->insns_info.succ_index_table
+      set $immediate_table_size = sizeof($sd->imm_part) / sizeof(uint64_t) * 9
+      if $pos < $immediate_table_size
+        set $i = $pos / 9
+        set $j = $pos % 9
+        set $index = ((int)($sd->imm_part[$i] >> ($j * 7))) & 0x7f
+      else
+        set $block_index = ($pos - $immediate_table_size) / 512
+        set $block = &$sd->succ_part[$block_index]
+        set $block_bit_index = ($pos - $immediate_table_size) % 512
+        set $small_block_index = $block_bit_index / 64
+        set $small_block_popcount = $small_block_index == 0 ? 0 : (((int)($block->small_block_ranks >> (($small_block_index - 1) * 9))) & 0x1ff)
+        set $x = $block->bits[$small_block_index] << (63 - $block_bit_index % 64)
+        set $x = ($x & 0x5555555555555555) + ($x >> 1 & 0x5555555555555555)
+        set $x = ($x & 0x3333333333333333) + ($x >> 2 & 0x3333333333333333)
+        set $x = ($x & 0x0707070707070707) + ($x >> 4 & 0x0707070707070707)
+        set $x = ($x & 0x001f001f001f001f) + ($x >> 8 & 0x001f001f001f001f)
+        set $x = ($x & 0x0000003f0000003f) + ($x >>16 & 0x0000003f0000003f)
+        set $popcnt = ($x & 0x7f) + ($x >>32 & 0x7f)
+        set $index = $block->rank + $small_block_popcount + $popcnt
+      end
+    end
+    printf "%d", $table[$index-1].line_no
+  end
+  end
+end
+
+define check_method_entry
+  set $imemo = (struct RBasic *)$arg0
+  if $imemo != RUBY_Qfalse
+    set $type = ($imemo->flags >> 12) & 0x07
+    if $type == imemo_ment
+      set $me = (rb_callable_method_entry_t *)$imemo
+    else
+    if $type == imemo_svar
+      set $imemo = ((struct vm_svar *)$imemo)->cref_or_me
+      check_method_entry $imemo
+    end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+define print_id
+  set $id = $arg0
+  # rb_id_to_serial
+  if $id > tLAST_OP_ID
+    set $serial = (rb_id_serial_t)($id >> RUBY_ID_SCOPE_SHIFT)
+  else
+    set $serial = (rb_id_serial_t)$id
+  end
+  if $serial && $serial <= ruby_global_symbols.last_id
+    set $idx = $serial / ID_ENTRY_UNIT
+    set $ids = (struct RArray *)ruby_global_symbols.ids
+    set $flags = $ids->basic.flags
+    if ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1)
+      set $idsptr = $ids->as.ary
+      set $idslen = (($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4)) >> (RUBY_FL_USHIFT+3))
+    else
+      set $idsptr = $ids->as.heap.ptr
+      set $idslen = $ids->as.heap.len
+    end
+    if $idx < $idslen
+      set $t = 0
+      set $ary = (struct RArray *)$idsptr[$idx]
+      if $ary != RUBY_Qnil
+        set $flags = $ary->basic.flags
+        if ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1)
+          set $aryptr = $ary->as.ary
+          set $arylen = (($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4)) >> (RUBY_FL_USHIFT+3))
+        else
+          set $aryptr = $ary->as.heap.ptr
+          set $arylen = $ary->as.heap.len
+        end
+        set $result = $aryptr[($serial % ID_ENTRY_UNIT) * ID_ENTRY_SIZE + $t]
+        if $result != RUBY_Qnil
+          print_string $result
+        else
+          echo undef
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+define print_pathobj
+  set $flags = ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_STRING
+    print_string $arg0
+  end
+  if ($flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == RUBY_T_ARRAY
+    if $flags & RUBY_FL_USER1
+      set $str = ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.ary[0]
+    else
+      set $str = ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr[0]
+    end
+    print_string $str
+  end
+end
+
+define rb_ps_thread
+  set $ps_thread = (struct RTypedData*)$arg0
+  set $ps_thread_th = (rb_thread_t*)$ps_thread->data
+  printf "* #<Thread:%p rb_thread_t:%p native_thread:%p>\n", \
+    $ps_thread, $ps_thread_th, $ps_thread_th->thread_id
+  set $cfp = $ps_thread_th->ec->cfp
+  set $cfpend = (rb_control_frame_t *)($ps_thread_th->ec->vm_stack + $ps_thread_th->ec->vm_stack_size)-1
+  while $cfp < $cfpend
+    if $cfp->iseq
+      if !((VALUE)$cfp->iseq & RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK) && (((imemo_ifunc << RUBY_FL_USHIFT) | RUBY_T_IMEMO)==$cfp->iseq->flags & ((RUBY_IMEMO_MASK << RUBY_FL_USHIFT) | RUBY_T_MASK))
+        printf "%d:ifunc ", $cfpend-$cfp
+        set print symbol-filename on
+        output/a $cfp->iseq.body
+        set print symbol-filename off
+        printf "\n"
+      else
+      if $cfp->pc
+        set $location = $cfp->iseq->body->location
+        printf "%d:", $cfpend-$cfp
+        print_pathobj $location.pathobj
+        printf ":"
+        print_lineno $cfp
+        printf ":in `"
+        print_string $location.label
+        printf "'\n"
+      else
+        printf "%d: ???.rb:???:in `???'\n", $cfpend-$cfp
+      end
+      end
+    else
+      # if VM_FRAME_TYPE($cfp->flag) == VM_FRAME_MAGIC_CFUNC
+      set $ep = $cfp->ep
+      if ($ep[0] & 0xffff0001) == 0x55550001
+        #define VM_ENV_FLAG_LOCAL 0x02
+        #define VM_ENV_PREV_EP(ep)   GC_GUARDED_PTR_REF(ep[VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL])
+        set $me = 0
+        set $env_specval = $ep[-1]
+        set $env_me_cref = $ep[-2]
+        while ($env_specval & 0x02) != 0
+          check_method_entry $env_me_cref
+          if $me != 0
+            loop_break
+          end
+          set $ep = $ep[0]
+          set $env_specval = $ep[-1]
+          set $env_me_cref = $ep[-2]
+        end
+        if $me == 0
+          check_method_entry $env_me_cref
+        end
+        printf "%d:", $cfpend-$cfp
+        set print symbol-filename on
+        output/a $me->def->body.cfunc.func
+        set print symbol-filename off
+        set $mid = $me->def->original_id
+        printf ":in `"
+        print_id $mid
+        printf "'\n"
+      else
+        printf "%d:unknown_frame:???:in `???'\n", $cfpend-$cfp
+      end
+    end
+    set $cfp = $cfp + 1
+  end
+end
+
+define rb_count_objects
+  set $objspace = ruby_current_vm_ptr->objspace
+  set $counts_00 = 0
+  set $counts_01 = 0
+  set $counts_02 = 0
+  set $counts_03 = 0
+  set $counts_04 = 0
+  set $counts_05 = 0
+  set $counts_06 = 0
+  set $counts_07 = 0
+  set $counts_08 = 0
+  set $counts_09 = 0
+  set $counts_0a = 0
+  set $counts_0b = 0
+  set $counts_0c = 0
+  set $counts_0d = 0
+  set $counts_0e = 0
+  set $counts_0f = 0
+  set $counts_10 = 0
+  set $counts_11 = 0
+  set $counts_12 = 0
+  set $counts_13 = 0
+  set $counts_14 = 0
+  set $counts_15 = 0
+  set $counts_16 = 0
+  set $counts_17 = 0
+  set $counts_18 = 0
+  set $counts_19 = 0
+  set $counts_1a = 0
+  set $counts_1b = 0
+  set $counts_1c = 0
+  set $counts_1d = 0
+  set $counts_1e = 0
+  set $counts_1f = 0
+  set $total = 0
+  set $i = 0
+  while $i < $objspace->heap_pages.allocated_pages
+    printf "\rcounting... %d/%d", $i, $objspace->heap_pages.allocated_pages
+    set $page = $objspace->heap_pages.sorted[$i]
+    set $p = $page->start
+    set $pend = $p + $page->total_slots
+    while $p < $pend
+      set $flags = $p->as.basic.flags & 0x1f
+      eval "set $counts_%02x = $counts_%02x + 1", $flags, $flags
+      set $p = $p + 1
+    end
+    set $total = $total + $page->total_slots
+    set $i = $i + 1
+  end
+  printf "\rTOTAL: %d, FREE: %d\n", $total, $counts_00
+  printf "T_OBJECT: %d\n", $counts_01
+  printf "T_CLASS: %d\n", $counts_02
+  printf "T_MODULE: %d\n", $counts_03
+  printf "T_FLOAT: %d\n", $counts_04
+  printf "T_STRING: %d\n", $counts_05
+  printf "T_REGEXP: %d\n", $counts_06
+  printf "T_ARRAY: %d\n", $counts_07
+  printf "T_HASH: %d\n", $counts_08
+  printf "T_STRUCT: %d\n", $counts_09
+  printf "T_BIGNUM: %d\n", $counts_0a
+  printf "T_FILE: %d\n", $counts_0b
+  printf "T_DATA: %d\n", $counts_0c
+  printf "T_MATCH: %d\n", $counts_0d
+  printf "T_COMPLEX: %d\n", $counts_0e
+  printf "T_RATIONAL: %d\n", $counts_0f
+  #printf "UNKNOWN_10: %d\n", $counts_10
+  printf "T_NIL: %d\n", $counts_11
+  printf "T_TRUE: %d\n", $counts_12
+  printf "T_FALSE: %d\n", $counts_13
+  printf "T_SYMBOL: %d\n", $counts_14
+  printf "T_FIXNUM: %d\n", $counts_15
+  printf "T_UNDEF: %d\n", $counts_16
+  #printf "UNKNOWN_17: %d\n", $counts_17
+  #printf "UNKNOWN_18: %d\n", $counts_18
+  #printf "UNKNOWN_19: %d\n", $counts_19
+  printf "T_IMEMO: %d\n", $counts_1a
+  printf "T_NODE: %d\n", $counts_1b
+  printf "T_ICLASS: %d\n", $counts_1c
+  printf "T_ZOMBIE: %d\n", $counts_1d
+  #printf "UNKNOWN_1E: %d\n", $counts_1e
+  printf "T_MASK: %d\n", $counts_1f
+end
+document rb_count_objects
+  Counts all objects grouped by type.
+end
+
+# Details: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/projects/ruby-master/wiki/MachineInstructionsTraceWithGDB
+define trace_machine_instructions
+  set logging on
+  set height 0
+  set width 0
+  display/i $pc
+  while !$exit_code
+    info line *$pc
+    si
+  end
+end
+
+define SDR
+  call rb_vmdebug_stack_dump_raw_current()
+end
+
+define rbi
+  if ((LINK_ELEMENT*)$arg0)->type == ISEQ_ELEMENT_LABEL
+    p *(LABEL*)$arg0
+  else
+  if ((LINK_ELEMENT*)$arg0)->type == ISEQ_ELEMENT_INSN
+    p *(INSN*)$arg0
+  else
+  if ((LINK_ELEMENT*)$arg0)->type == ISEQ_ELEMENT_ADJUST
+    p *(ADJUST*)$arg0
+  else
+    print *$arg0
+  end
+  end
+  end
+end
+
+define dump_node
+  set $str = rb_parser_dump_tree($arg0, 0)
+  set $flags = ((struct RBasic*)($str))->flags
+  printf "%s", (char *)(($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
+                        ((struct RString*)$str)->as.heap.ptr : \
+                        ((struct RString*)$str)->as.ary)
+end
+
+define print_flags
+  printf "RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED: %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0   : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1   : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_FINALIZE    : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_FINALIZE ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_SHAREABLE   : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_SHAREABLE ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_EXIVAR      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_EXIVAR ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_FREEZE      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_FREEZE ? "1" : "0"
+
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER0       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER0 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER1       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER1 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER2       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER2 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER3       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER3 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER4       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER4 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER5       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER5 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER6       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER6 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER7       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER7 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER8       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER8 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER9       : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER9 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER10      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER10 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER11      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER11 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER12      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER12 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER13      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER13 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER14      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER14 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER15      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER15 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER16      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER16 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER17      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER17 ? "1" : "0"
+  printf "RUBY_FL_USER18      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER18 ? "1" : "0"
+end
diff --git a/.git-blame-ignore-revs b/.git-blame-ignore-revs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c5eac5a0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.git-blame-ignore-revs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# This is a file used by GitHub to ignore the following commits on `git blame`.
+#
+# You can also do the same thing in your local repository with:
+# $ git config --local blame.ignoreRevsFile .git-blame-ignore-revs
+
+# Expand tabs
+5b21e94bebed90180d8ff63dad03b8b948361089
+
+# Enable Style/StringLiterals cop for RubyGems/Bundler
+d7ffd3fea402239b16833cc434404a7af82d44f3
+
+# [ruby/digest] Revert tab-expansion in external files
+48b09aae7ec5632209229dcc294dd0d75a93a17f
+8a65cf3b61c60e4cb886f59a73ff6db44364bfa9
+39dc9f9093901d40d2998653948d5da38b18ee2c
+
+# [ruby/io-nonblock] Revert tab expansion
+f28287d34c03f472ffe90ea262bdde9affd4b965
+0d842fecb4f75ab3b1d4097ebdb8e88f51558041
+4ba2c66761d6a293abdfba409241d31063cefd62
+
+# Make benchmark indentation consistent
+fc4acf8cae82e5196186d3278d831f2438479d91
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0c2d266b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+*.gemspec diff=ruby
+*.rb diff=ruby
+bin svn-properties=svn:ignore=ruby
+bin/* diff=ruby
+tool/update-deps diff=ruby
+tool/make-snapshot diff=ruby
+tool/format-release diff=ruby
+tool/leaked-globals diff=ruby
diff --git a/.github/SECURITY.md b/.github/SECURITY.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56baa29942
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/SECURITY.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Security Policy
+
+## Supported Versions
+
+See <https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/branches/>.
+
+## Reporting a Vulnerability
+
+See <https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/security/>.
diff --git a/.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml b/.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91f82b842b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+name: "CodeQL config for the Ruby language"
+
+languages: cpp
diff --git a/.github/dependabot.yml b/.github/dependabot.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc63aca35b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/dependabot.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: 'github-actions'
+    directory: '/'
+    schedule:
+      interval: 'monthly'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/baseruby.yml b/.github/workflows/baseruby.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ebaafe3bf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/baseruby.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+name: BASERUBY Check
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  baseruby:
+    name: BASERUBY
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        ruby:
+          - ruby-2.2
+#         - ruby-2.3
+#         - ruby-2.4
+#         - ruby-2.5
+#         - ruby-2.6
+#         - ruby-2.7
+          - ruby-3.0
+          - ruby-3.1
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: .downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@13e7a03dc3ac6c3798f4570bfead2aed4d96abfb # v1.244.0
+        with:
+          ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
+          bundler: none
+      - run: echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - run: sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf bison libyaml-dev
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+      - run: ./configure --disable-install-doc
+      - run: make common-srcs
+      - run: make incs
+      - run: make all
+      - run: make test
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / BASERUBY @ ${{ matrix.ruby }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml b/.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..070c0fa1dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+name: bundled_gems
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ "master" ]
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml'
+      - 'gems/bundled_gems'
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ "master" ]
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml'
+      - 'gems/bundled_gems'
+  merge_group:
+    branches: [ "master" ]
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml'
+      - 'gems/bundled_gems'
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '45 6 * * *'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:  # added using https://github.com/step-security/secure-workflows
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  update:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write  # for Git to git push
+    if: ${{ github.event_name != 'schedule' || github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' }}
+    name: update ${{ github.workflow }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+
+      - name: Set ENV
+        run: |
+          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "TODAY=$(date +%F)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: .downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            downloaded-cache
+
+      - name: Download previous gems list
+        run: |
+          data=bundled_gems.json
+          mkdir -p .downloaded-cache
+          ln -s .downloaded-cache/$data .
+          curl -O -R -z ./$data https://stdgems.org/$data
+
+      - name: Update bundled gems list
+        run: |
+          ruby -i~ tool/update-bundled_gems.rb gems/bundled_gems
+
+      - name: Maintain updated gems list in NEWS
+        run: |
+          #!ruby
+          require 'json'
+          news = File.read("NEWS.md")
+          prev = news[/since the \*+(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)\*+/, 1]
+          prevs = [prev, prev.sub(/\.\d+\z/, '')]
+          %W[bundled].each do |type|
+            last = JSON.parse(File.read("#{type}_gems.json"))['gems'].filter_map do |g|
+              v = g['versions'].values_at(*prevs).compact.first
+              g = g['gem']
+              g = 'RubyGems' if g == 'rubygems'
+              [g, v] if v
+            end.to_h
+            changed = File.foreach("gems/#{type}_gems").filter_map do |l|
+              next if l.start_with?("#")
+              g, v = l.split(" ", 3)
+              [g, v] unless last[g] == v
+            end
+            changed, added = changed.partition {|g, _| last[g]}
+            news.sub!(/^\*( +)The following #{type} gems? are updated\.\n+\K(?: \1\*( +).*\n)*/) do
+              mark = "#{$1} *#{$2}"
+              changed.map {|g, v|"#{mark}#{g} #{v}\n"}.join("")
+            end or next
+            news.sub!(/^\*( +)The following default gems are now bundled gems\.\n+\K(?: \1\*( +).*\n)*/) do
+              mark = "#{$1} *#{$2}"
+              added.map {|g, v|"#{mark}#{g} #{v}\n"}.join("")
+            end or next unless added.empty?
+            File.write("NEWS.md", news)
+          end
+        shell: ruby {0}
+
+      - name: Check diffs
+        id: diff
+        run: |
+          git add -- NEWS.md
+          git diff --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --quiet -- gems/bundled_gems
+        continue-on-error: true
+
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: |
+          set -x
+          sudo apt-get update -q || :
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
+        if: ${{ steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          ./autogen.sh
+          ./configure -C --disable-install-doc
+          make
+        if: ${{ steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
+
+      - name: Prepare bundled gems
+        run: |
+          make -s prepare-gems
+        if: ${{ steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
+
+      - name: Test bundled gems
+        run: |
+          make -s test-bundled-gems
+          git add -- gems/bundled_gems
+        timeout-minutes: 30
+        env:
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-q --tty=no"
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ""
+        if: ${{ steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
+
+      - name: Show diffs
+        id: show
+        run: |
+          git diff --cached --color --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --exit-code --
+        continue-on-error: true
+
+      - name: Commit
+        run: |
+          git pull --ff-only origin ${GITHUB_REF#refs/heads/}
+          message="Update bundled gems list at "
+          if [ ${{ steps.diff.outcome }} = success ]; then
+            git commit --message="${message}${GITHUB_SHA:0:30} [ci skip]"
+          else
+            git commit --message="${message}${TODAY}"
+          fi
+          git push origin ${GITHUB_REF#refs/heads/}
+        env:
+          EMAIL: svn-admin@ruby-lang.org
+          GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: git
+          GIT_COMMITTER_NAME: git
+        if: ${{ github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' && !startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && steps.show.outcome == 'failure' }}
+
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / update",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check_dependencies.yml b/.github/workflows/check_dependencies.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79b2916feb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/check_dependencies.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+name: Check Dependencies
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  update-deps:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04]
+      fail-fast: true
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: |
+          set -x
+          sudo apt-get update -q || :
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
+        if: ${{ contains(matrix.os, 'ubuntu') }}
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: |
+          brew install gmp libffi openssl@1.1 zlib autoconf automake libtool readline
+        if: ${{ contains(matrix.os, 'macos') }}
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: .downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: ./configure -C --disable-install-doc --disable-rubygems --with-gcc 'optflags=-O0' 'debugflags=-save-temps=obj -g'
+      - run: make all golf
+      - run: ruby tool/update-deps --fix
+      - run: git diff --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --exit-code
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ matrix.os }} / Dependencies need to update",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8dba76fbe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+name: "Code scanning - action"
+
+on:
+  # push:
+  #   paths-ignore:
+  #     - 'doc/**'
+  #     - '**/man'
+  #     - '**.md'
+  #     - '**.rdoc'
+  #     - '**/.document'
+  # pull_request:
+  #   paths-ignore:
+  #     - 'doc/**'
+  #     - '**/man'
+  #     - '**.md'
+  #     - '**.rdoc'
+  #     - '**/.document'
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 12 * * *'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:  # added using https://github.com/step-security/secure-workflows
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  CodeQL-Build:
+
+    # CodeQL runs on ubuntu-latest and windows-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: read  # for github/codeql-action/init to get workflow details
+      contents: read  # for actions/checkout to fetch code
+      security-events: write  # for github/codeql-action/autobuild to send a status report
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    # CodeQL fails to run pull requests from dependabot due to missing write access to upload results.
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') && github.event.head_commit.pusher.name != 'dependabot[bot]' }}
+
+    env:
+      enable_install_doc: no
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Install libraries
+      run: |
+        set -x
+        sudo apt-get update -q || :
+        sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
+
+    - name: Checkout repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+    - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+      with:
+        path: .downloaded-cache
+        key: downloaded-cache
+
+    - name: Remove an obsolete rubygems vendored file
+      run: sudo rm /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
+
+    - name: Initialize CodeQL
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@959cbb7472c4d4ad70cdfe6f4976053fe48ab394 # v2.1.37
+      with:
+        config-file: ./.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml
+        trap-caching: false
+
+    - name: Set ENV
+      run: echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+    - name: Autobuild
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@959cbb7472c4d4ad70cdfe6f4976053fe48ab394 # v2.1.37
+
+    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@959cbb7472c4d4ad70cdfe6f4976053fe48ab394 # v2.1.37
diff --git a/.github/workflows/compilers.yml b/.github/workflows/compilers.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..caf12cc0f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/compilers.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+name: Compilations
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+# GitHub actions does not support YAML anchors.  This creative use of
+# environment variables (plus the "echo $GITHUB_ENV" hack) is to reroute that
+# restriction.
+env:
+  default_cc: clang-15
+  append_cc: ''
+
+  # -O1 is faster than -O3 in our tests... Majority of time are consumed trying
+  # to optimize binaries.  Also GitHub Actions run on relatively modern CPUs
+  # compared to, say, GCC 4 or Clang 3.  We don't specify `-march=native`
+  # because compilers tend not understand what the CPU is.
+  optflags: '-O1'
+
+  # -g0 disables backtraces when SEGV.  Do not set that.
+  debugflags: '-ggdb3'
+
+  default_configure: >-
+    --enable-debug-env
+    --disable-install-doc
+    --with-ext=-test-/cxxanyargs,+
+  append_configure: >-
+    --without-valgrind
+    --without-jemalloc
+    --without-gmp
+
+  UPDATE_UNICODE: >-
+    UNICODE_FILES=.
+    UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES=.
+    UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES=.
+    UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES=.
+  CONFIGURE_TTY: never
+  GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+  RUBY_DEBUG: ci rgengc
+  RUBY_TESTOPTS: >-
+    -q
+    --color=always
+    --tty=no
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  compile:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        env:
+          - {}
+        entry:
+          - { name: gcc-12,    env: { default_cc: gcc-12 } }
+          - { name: gcc-11,    env: { default_cc: gcc-11 } }
+          - { name: gcc-10,    env: { default_cc: gcc-10 } }
+          - { name: gcc-9,     env: { default_cc: gcc-9 } }
+          - { name: gcc-8,     env: { default_cc: gcc-8 } }
+          - { name: gcc-7,     env: { default_cc: gcc-7 } }
+          - name: 'gcc-13 LTO'
+            container: gcc-13
+            env:
+              default_cc: 'gcc-13 -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -Werror=lto-type-mismatch'
+              optflags: '-O2'
+            shared: disable
+            # check: true
+          - { name: clang-16,  env: { default_cc: clang-16 } }
+          - { name: clang-15,  env: { default_cc: clang-15 } }
+          - { name: clang-14,  env: { default_cc: clang-14 } }
+          - { name: clang-13,  env: { default_cc: clang-13 } }
+          - { name: clang-12,  env: { default_cc: clang-12 } }
+          - { name: clang-11,  env: { default_cc: clang-11 } }
+          - { name: clang-10,  env: { default_cc: clang-10 } }
+          # llvm-objcopy<=9 doesn't have --wildcard. It compiles, but leaves Rust symbols in libyjit.o.
+          - { name: clang-9,   env: { default_cc: clang-9,   append_configure: '--disable-yjit' } }
+          - { name: clang-8,   env: { default_cc: clang-8,   append_configure: '--disable-yjit' } }
+          - { name: clang-7,   env: { default_cc: clang-7,   append_configure: '--disable-yjit' } }
+          - { name: clang-6.0, env: { default_cc: clang-6.0, append_configure: '--disable-yjit' } }
+          - name: 'clang-16 LTO'
+            container: clang-16
+            env:
+              default_cc: 'clang-16 -flto=auto'
+              optflags: '-O2'
+            shared: disable
+            # check: true
+
+#         - { name: aarch64-linux-gnu,     crosshost: aarch64-linux-gnu, container: crossbuild-essential-arm64 }
+#         - { name: arm-linux-gnueabi,     crosshost: arm-linux-gnueabi }
+#         - { name: arm-linux-gnueabihf,   crosshost: arm-linux-gnueabihf }
+#         - { name: i686-w64-mingw32,      crosshost: i686-w64-mingw32 }
+#         - { name: powerpc-linux-gnu,     crosshost: powerpc-linux-gnu }
+#         - { name: powerpc64le-linux-gnu, crosshost: powerpc64le-linux-gnu, container: crossbuild-essential-ppc64el }
+#         - { name: s390x-linux-gnu,       crosshost: s390x-linux-gnu, container: crossbuild-essential-s390x }
+#         - { name: x86_64-w64-mingw32,    crosshost: x86_64-w64-mingw32, container: mingw-w64 }
+
+          # -Wno-strict-prototypes is necessary with current clang-15 since
+          # older autoconf generate functions without prototype and -pedantic
+          # now implies strict-prototypes. Disabling the error but leaving the
+          # warning generates a lot of noise from use of ANYARGS in
+          # rb_define_method() and friends.
+          # See: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/11da1b53d8cd3507959022cd790d5a7ad4573d94
+          - { name: c99,   env: { append_cc: '-std=c99   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
+#         - { name: c11,   env: { append_cc: '-std=c11   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
+#         - { name: c17,   env: { append_cc: '-std=c17   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
+          - { name: c2x,   env: { append_cc: '-std=c2x   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
+          - { name: c++98, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++98 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
+#         - { name: c++11, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++11 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
+#         - { name: c++14, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++14 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
+#         - { name: c++17, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++17 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
+          - { name: c++2a, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++2a -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
+
+          - { name: '-O0', env: { optflags: '-O0 -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic' } }
+#         - { name: '-O3', env: { optflags: '-O3 -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic' }, check: true }
+
+          - { name: gmp,                  env: { append_configure: '--with-gmp' } }
+          - { name: jemalloc,             env: { append_configure: '--with-jemalloc' } }
+          - { name: valgrind,             env: { append_configure: '--with-valgrind' } }
+          - { name: 'coroutine=ucontext', env: { append_configure: '--with-coroutine=ucontext' } }
+          - { name: 'coroutine=pthread',  env: { append_configure: '--with-coroutine=pthread' } }
+          - { name: disable-jit-support,  env: { append_configure: '--disable-jit-support' } }
+          - { name: disable-dln,          env: { append_configure: '--disable-dln' } }
+          - { name: enable-mkmf-verbose,  env: { append_configure: '--enable-mkmf-verbose' } }
+          - { name: disable-rubygems,     env: { append_configure: '--disable-rubygems' } }
+          - { name: RUBY_DEVEL,           env: { append_configure: '--enable-devel' } }
+
+          - { name: OPT_THREADED_CODE=1,            env: { cppflags: '-DOPT_THREADED_CODE=1' } }
+          - { name: OPT_THREADED_CODE=2,            env: { cppflags: '-DOPT_THREADED_CODE=2' } }
+          - { name: OPT_THREADED_CODE=3,            env: { cppflags: '-DOPT_THREADED_CODE=3' } }
+
+          - { name: NDEBUG,                         env: { cppflags: '-DNDEBUG' } }
+          - { name: RUBY_DEBUG,                     env: { cppflags: '-DRUBY_DEBUG' } }
+#         - { name: ARRAY_DEBUG,                    env: { cppflags: '-DARRAY_DEBUG' } }
+#         - { name: BIGNUM_DEBUG,                   env: { cppflags: '-DBIGNUM_DEBUG' } }
+#         - { name: CCAN_LIST_DEBUG,                env: { cppflags: '-DCCAN_LIST_DEBUG' } }
+#         - { name: CPDEBUG=-1,                     env: { cppflags: '-DCPDEBUG=-1' } }
+#         - { name: ENC_DEBUG,                      env: { cppflags: '-DENC_DEBUG' } }
+#         - { name: GC_DEBUG,                       env: { cppflags: '-DGC_DEBUG' } }
+#         - { name: HASH_DEBUG,                     env: { cppflags: '-DHASH_DEBUG' } }
+#         - { name: ID_TABLE_DEBUG,                 env: { cppflags: '-DID_TABLE_DEBUG' } }
+#         - { name: RGENGC_DEBUG=-1,                env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_DEBUG=-1' } }
+#         - { name: SYMBOL_DEBUG,                   env: { cppflags: '-DSYMBOL_DEBUG' } }
+
+#         - { name: RGENGC_CHECK_MODE,              env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_CHECK_MODE' } }
+#         - { name: TRANSIENT_HEAP_CHECK_MODE,      env: { cppflags: '-DTRANSIENT_HEAP_CHECK_MODE' } }
+#         - { name: VM_CHECK_MODE,                  env: { cppflags: '-DVM_CHECK_MODE' } }
+
+          - { name: USE_EMBED_CI=0,                 env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_EMBED_CI=0' } }
+          - name: USE_FLONUM=0,
+            env:
+              cppflags: '-DUSE_FLONUM=0'
+              # yjit requires FLONUM for the pointer tagging scheme
+              append_configure: '--disable-yjit'
+#         - { name: USE_GC_MALLOC_OBJ_INFO_DETAILS, env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_GC_MALLOC_OBJ_INFO_DETAILS' } }
+          - { name: USE_LAZY_LOAD,                  env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_LAZY_LOAD' } }
+#         - { name: USE_RINCGC=0,                   env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RINCGC=0' } }
+#         - { name: USE_SYMBOL_GC=0,                env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_SYMBOL_GC=0' } }
+#         - { name: USE_THREAD_CACHE=0,             env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_THREAD_CACHE=0' } }
+#         - { name: USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP=0,           env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_TRANSIENT_HEAP=0' } }
+#         - { name: USE_RUBY_DEBUG_LOG=1,           env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RUBY_DEBUG_LOG=1' } }
+          - { name: USE_RVARGC=0,                   env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RVARGC=0' } }
+#         - { name: USE_RVARGC=1,                   env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RVARGC=1' } }
+#         - { name: USE_DEBUG_COUNTER,              env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_DEBUG_COUNTER=1', RUBY_DEBUG_COUNTER_DISABLE: '1' } }
+
+          - { name: DEBUG_FIND_TIME_NUMGUESS,       env: { cppflags: '-DDEBUG_FIND_TIME_NUMGUESS' } }
+          - { name: DEBUG_INTEGER_PACK,             env: { cppflags: '-DDEBUG_INTEGER_PACK' } }
+#         - { name: ENABLE_PATH_CHECK,              env: { cppflags: '-DENABLE_PATH_CHECK' } }
+
+          - { name: GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS,       env: { cppflags: '-DGC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS' } }
+#         - { name: GC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP=0,         env: { cppflags: '-DGC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP=0' } }
+#         - { name: GC_PROFILE_DETAIL_MEMOTY,       env: { cppflags: '-DGC_PROFILE_DETAIL_MEMOTY' } }
+#         - { name: GC_PROFILE_MORE_DETAIL,         env: { cppflags: '-DGC_PROFILE_MORE_DETAIL' } }
+
+#         - { name: CALC_EXACT_MALLOC_SIZE,         env: { cppflags: '-DCALC_EXACT_MALLOC_SIZE' } }
+#         - { name: MALLOC_ALLOCATED_SIZE_CHECK,    env: { cppflags: '-DMALLOC_ALLOCATED_SIZE_CHECK' } }
+
+#         - { name: IBF_ISEQ_ENABLE_LOCAL_BUFFER,   env: { cppflags: '-DIBF_ISEQ_ENABLE_LOCAL_BUFFER' } }
+
+#         - { name: RGENGC_ESTIMATE_OLDMALLOC,      env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_ESTIMATE_OLDMALLOC' } }
+#         - { name: RGENGC_FORCE_MAJOR_GC,          env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_FORCE_MAJOR_GC' } }
+#         - { name: RGENGC_OBJ_INFO,                env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_OBJ_INFO' } }
+#         - { name: RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK,        env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK' } }
+#         - { name: RGENGC_PROFILE,                 env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_PROFILE' } }
+
+#         - { name: VM_DEBUG_BP_CHECK,              env: { cppflags: '-DVM_DEBUG_BP_CHECK' } }
+#         - { name: VM_DEBUG_VERIFY_METHOD_CACHE,   env: { cppflags: '-DVM_DEBUG_VERIFY_METHOD_CACHE' } }
+
+          - { name: MJIT_FORCE_ENABLE,              env: { cppflags: '-DMJIT_FORCE_ENABLE' } }
+          - { name: YJIT_FORCE_ENABLE,              env: { cppflags: '-DYJIT_FORCE_ENABLE' } }
+
+    name: ${{ matrix.entry.name }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/ruby/ruby-ci-image:${{ matrix.entry.container || matrix.entry.env.default_cc || 'clang-15' }}
+      options: --user root
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    env: ${{ matrix.entry.env || matrix.env }}
+    steps:
+      - run: id
+        working-directory:
+      - run: mkdir build
+        working-directory:
+      - name: setenv
+        run: |
+          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-sj$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: src/.downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: >
+          ../src/configure -C ${default_configure} ${append_configure}
+          --${{
+            matrix.entry.crosshost && 'host' || 'with-gcc'
+          }}=${{
+            matrix.entry.crosshost || '"${default_cc}${append_cc:+ $append_cc}"'
+          }}
+          --${{ matrix.entry.shared || 'enable' }}-shared
+      - run: make extract-extlibs
+      - run: make incs
+      - run: make showflags
+      - run: make
+      - run: make leaked-globals
+      - run: make test
+      - run: make install
+        if: ${{ matrix.entry.check }}
+      - run: make test-tool
+        if: ${{ matrix.entry.check }}
+      - run: make test-all TESTS='-- ruby -ext-'
+        if: ${{ matrix.entry.check }}
+      - run: make test-spec
+        env:
+          CHECK_LEAKS: true
+        if: ${{ matrix.entry.check }}
+      - run: make test-annocheck
+        if: ${{ matrix.entry.check && endsWith(matrix.entry.name, 'annocheck') }}
+
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ matrix.entry.name }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/macos.yml b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8dc58b119
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+name: macOS
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        test_task: ["check"] # "test-bundler-parallel", "test-bundled-gems"
+        os:
+          - macos-13
+          - macos-14
+          - macos-15
+      fail-fast: false
+    env:
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir build
+        working-directory:
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: src/.downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: |
+          brew install gmp libffi openssl@1.1 zlib autoconf automake libtool readline bison
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Set ENV
+        run: |
+          echo "MAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(sysctl -n hw.activecpu)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "PATH="/usr/local/opt/bison/bin:/opt/homebrew/opt/bison/bin:$PATH"" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc --with-openssl-dir=$(brew --prefix openssl@1.1) --with-readline-dir=$(brew --prefix readline)
+      - run: make incs
+      - run: make prepare-gems
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'test-bundled-gems' }}
+      - run: make
+      - run: make leaked-globals
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+      - name: make ${{ matrix.test_task }}
+        run: |
+          make -s ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${TESTS:+TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n!/|g;s|^|-n!/|;s|$|$$/|'`}
+        timeout-minutes: 40
+        env:
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-q --tty=no"
+          TESTS: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests || '' }}
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ""
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: "no"
+      - name: make skipped tests
+        run: |
+          make -s test-all TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n/|g;s|^|-n/|;s|$|$$/|'`
+        env:
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ""
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-v --tty=no"
+          TESTS: ${{ matrix.skipped_tests }}
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: "no"
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests != '' }}
+        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.continue-on-skipped_tests || false }}
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ matrix.os }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }}${{ matrix.configure }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/mingw.yml b/.github/workflows/mingw.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0df917d3d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/mingw.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+name: MinGW
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+# Notes:
+# Actions console encoding causes issues, see test-all & test-spec steps
+#
+jobs:
+  make:
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    name: ${{ github.workflow }} (${{ matrix.msystem }})
+    env:
+      MSYSTEM: ${{ matrix.msystem }}
+      MSYS2_ARCH: x86_64
+      CHOST: "x86_64-w64-mingw32"
+      CFLAGS:   "-march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O3 -pipe"
+      CXXFLAGS: "-march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O3 -pipe"
+      CPPFLAGS: "-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -D__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO=1 -DFD_SETSIZE=2048"
+      LDFLAGS:  "-pipe"
+      UPDATE_UNICODE: "UNICODE_FILES=. UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES=. UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES=. UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES=."
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          # To mitigate flakiness of MinGW CI, we test only one runtime that newer MSYS2 uses.
+          - msystem: "UCRT64"
+            base_ruby: head
+            test_task: "check"
+            test-all-opts: "--name=!/TestObjSpace#test_reachable_objects_during_iteration/"
+      fail-fast: false
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir build
+        working-directory:
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global core.autocrlf false
+          git config --global core.eol lf
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: src/.downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - name: Set up Ruby & MSYS2
+        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@13e7a03dc3ac6c3798f4570bfead2aed4d96abfb # v1.244.0
+        with:
+          ruby-version: ${{ matrix.base_ruby }}
+      - name: set env
+        run: |
+          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((2 * NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: where check
+        run: |
+          # show where
+          mv /c/Windows/System32/libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll /c/Windows/System32/libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll_
+          mv /c/Windows/System32/libssl-1_1-x64.dll    /c/Windows/System32/libssl-1_1-x64.dll_
+          result=true
+          for e in gcc.exe ragel.exe make.exe bison.exe libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll libssl-1_1-x64.dll; do
+            echo '##['group']'$'\033[93m'$e$'\033[m'
+            where $e || result=false
+            echo '##['endgroup']'
+          done
+          $result
+
+      - name: version check
+        run: |
+          # show version
+          result=true
+          for e in gcc ragel make bison "openssl version"; do
+            case "$e" in *" "*) ;; *) e="$e --version";; esac
+            echo '##['group']'$'\033[93m'$e$'\033[m'
+            $e || result=false
+            echo '##['endgroup']'
+          done
+          $result
+
+      - name: autogen
+        run: |
+          ./autogen.sh
+        working-directory: src
+
+      - name: configure
+        run: >
+          ../src/configure --disable-install-doc --prefix=/.
+          --build=$CHOST --host=$CHOST --target=$CHOST
+
+      - name: update
+        run: |
+          make incs
+
+      - name: download gems
+        run: |
+          make update-gems
+
+      - name: make all
+        timeout-minutes: 30
+        run: |
+          make
+
+      - run: make leaked-globals
+
+      - name: make install
+        run: |
+          make DESTDIR=../install install-nodoc
+
+      - name: test
+        timeout-minutes: 5
+        run: |
+          make test
+        if: ${{matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test'}}
+
+      - name: test-all
+        timeout-minutes: 45
+        run: |
+          # Actions uses UTF8, causes test failures, similar to normal OS setup
+          chcp.com 437
+          make ${{ StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'test/') && matrix.test_task || 'test-all' }}
+        env:
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: >-
+            --retry --job-status=normal --show-skip --timeout-scale=1.5
+            ${{ matrix.test-all-opts }}
+          BUNDLER_VERSION:
+        if: ${{matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test-all' || StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'test/')}}
+
+      - name: test-spec
+        timeout-minutes: 10
+        run: |
+          make ${{ StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'spec/') && matrix.test_task || 'test-spec' }}
+        if: ${{matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test-spec' || StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'spec/')}}
+
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} ${{ matrix.msystem }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
+    shell: sh
diff --git a/.github/workflows/mjit-bindgen.yml b/.github/workflows/mjit-bindgen.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..26f8a1b2aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/mjit-bindgen.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+name: MJIT bindgen
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - task: mjit-bindgen
+      fail-fast: false
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir build
+        working-directory:
+      - name: Set ENV
+        run: |
+          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: |
+          set -x
+          sudo apt-get update -q || :
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y \
+          build-essential \
+          libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev \
+          zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev \
+          libclang1-14 \
+          bison autoconf
+          sudo apt-get install -q -y pkg-config || :
+      - name: Set up Ruby
+        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@13e7a03dc3ac6c3798f4570bfead2aed4d96abfb # v1.244.0
+        with:
+          ruby-version: '3.1'
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: src/.downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - name: Fixed world writable dirs
+        run: |
+          chmod -v go-w $HOME $HOME/.config
+          sudo chmod -R go-w /usr/share
+          sudo bash -c 'IFS=:; for d in '"$PATH"'; do chmod -v go-w $d; done' || :
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc --prefix=$(pwd)/install --enable-yjit=dev_nodebug
+      - run: make incs
+      - run: make
+      - run: make install
+      - run: make ${{ matrix.task }}
+      - run: git diff --exit-code
+        working-directory: src
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ matrix.os }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }}${{ matrix.configure }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/mjit.yml b/.github/workflows/mjit.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f7181489a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/mjit.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+name: MJIT
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '**.[1-8]'
+      - '**.ronn'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '**.[1-8]'
+      - '**.ronn'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        test_task: [check] # to make job names consistent
+        mjit_opts: [--mjit-wait]
+      fail-fast: false
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    env:
+      TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
+      RUN_OPTS: '--disable-gems ${{ matrix.mjit_opts }} --mjit-debug=-ggdb3'
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir build
+        working-directory:
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: |
+          set -x
+          sudo apt-get update -q || :
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: src/.downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - name: Fixed world writable dirs
+        run: |
+          chmod -v go-w $HOME $HOME/.config
+          sudo chmod -R go-w /usr/share
+          sudo bash -c 'IFS=:; for d in '"$PATH"'; do chmod -v go-w $d; done' || :
+      - name: Set ENV
+        run: |
+          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc cppflags=-DVM_CHECK_MODE
+      - run: make incs
+      - run: make
+      - run: sudo make -s install
+      - name: Run test
+        run: |
+          unset GNUMAKEFLAGS
+          make -s test RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
+        timeout-minutes: 60
+      # - name: Run test-all
+      #   run: |
+      #     ulimit -c unlimited
+      #     make -s test-all RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
+      #   timeout-minutes: 60
+      - name: Run test-spec
+        run: |
+          unset GNUMAKEFLAGS
+          make -s test-spec RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
+        timeout-minutes: 60
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${{ matrix.mjit_opts }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish.yml b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5d4474d978
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+name: Start release workflow
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - '*'
+
+jobs:
+  notify:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Build release package
+        run: |
+          curl -L -X POST \
+            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.MATZBOT_GITHUB_WORKFLOW_TOKEN }}" \
+            -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" \
+            -H "X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28" \
+            https://api.github.com/repos/ruby/actions/dispatches \
+            -d '{"event_type": "${{ github.ref }}"}'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c12a95362d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# This workflow uses actions that are not certified by GitHub. They are provided
+# by a third-party and are governed by separate terms of service, privacy
+# policy, and support documentation.
+
+name: Scorecards supply-chain security
+on:
+  # For Branch-Protection check. Only the default branch is supported. See
+  # https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#branch-protection
+  branch_protection_rule:
+  # To guarantee Maintained check is occasionally updated. See
+  # https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#maintained
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '22 4 * * 2'
+  push:
+    branches: [ "master" ]
+
+# Declare default permissions as read only.
+permissions: read-all
+
+jobs:
+  analysis:
+    name: Scorecards analysis
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      # Needed to upload the results to code-scanning dashboard.
+      security-events: write
+      # Needed to publish results and get a badge (see publish_results below).
+      id-token: write
+      # Uncomment the permissions below if installing in a private repository.
+      # contents: read
+      # actions: read
+
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout code"
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: "Run analysis"
+        uses: ossf/scorecard-action@ea651e62978af7915d09fe2e282747c798bf2dab # v2.4.1
+        with:
+          results_file: results.sarif
+          results_format: sarif
+          # (Optional) Read-only PAT token. Uncomment the `repo_token` line below if:
+          # - you want to enable the Branch-Protection check on a *public* repository, or
+          # - you are installing Scorecards on a *private* repository
+          # To create the PAT, follow the steps in https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action#authentication-with-pat.
+          repo_token: ${{ secrets.SCORECARD_READ_TOKEN }}
+
+          # Public repositories:
+          #   - Publish results to OpenSSF REST API for easy access by consumers
+          #   - Allows the repository to include the Scorecard badge.
+          #   - See https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action#publishing-results.
+          # For private repositories:
+          #   - `publish_results` will always be set to `false`, regardless
+          #     of the value entered here.
+          publish_results: true
+
+      # Upload the results as artifacts (optional). Commenting out will disable uploads of run results in SARIF
+      # format to the repository Actions tab.
+      - name: "Upload artifact"
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
+        with:
+          name: SARIF file
+          path: results.sarif
+          retention-days: 5
+
+      # Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
+      - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@959cbb7472c4d4ad70cdfe6f4976053fe48ab394 # v2.1.27
+        with:
+          sarif_file: results.sarif
diff --git a/.github/workflows/spec_guards.yml b/.github/workflows/spec_guards.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4521195a2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/spec_guards.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+name: Rubyspec Version Guards Check
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - 'spec/**'
+      - '!spec/*.md'
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - 'spec/**'
+      - '!spec/*.md'
+  merge_group:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  rubyspec:
+    name: Rubyspec
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, 'Document')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, 'Document')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Document')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        # Specs from ruby/spec should still run on all supported Ruby versions.
+        # This also ensures the needed ruby_version_is guards are there, see spec/README.md.
+        ruby:
+          - ruby-3.1
+          - ruby-3.2
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@13e7a03dc3ac6c3798f4570bfead2aed4d96abfb # v1.244.0
+        with:
+          ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
+          bundler: none
+
+      - run: gem install webrick
+
+      - run: ruby ../mspec/bin/mspec
+        working-directory: spec/ruby
+        env:
+          CHECK_LEAKS: true
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / rubyspec @ ${{ matrix.ruby }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml b/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4fbca1170e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+name: Ubuntu
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        # main variables included in the job name
+        test_task: [check]
+        configure: [cppflags=-DRUBY_DEBUG] # default to use more assertions
+        arch: ['']
+        # specify all jobs with `include` to avoid testing duplicated things
+        include:
+          - test_task: check
+          - test_task: check
+            arch: i686
+            configure: '' # test without -DRUBY_DEBUG as well
+          - test_task: check
+            configure: "--enable-shared --enable-load-relative"
+          - test_task: test-all TESTS=--repeat-count=2
+          - test_task: test-bundler-parallel
+          - test_task: test-bundled-gems
+      fail-fast: false
+    env:
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+      RUBY_DEBUG: ci
+      SETARCH: ${{ matrix.arch && format('setarch {0}', matrix.arch) }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir build
+        working-directory:
+      - name: Set ENV
+        run: |
+          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Install libraries
+        env:
+          arch: ${{matrix.arch}}
+        run: |
+          set -x
+          arch=${arch:+:${arch/i[3-6]86/i386}}
+          ${arch:+sudo dpkg --add-architecture ${arch#:}}
+          sudo apt-get update -q || :
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y \
+          ${arch:+cross}build-essential${arch/:/-} \
+          libssl-dev${arch} libyaml-dev${arch} libreadline6-dev${arch} \
+          zlib1g-dev${arch} libncurses5-dev${arch} libffi-dev${arch} \
+          bison autoconf ruby
+          sudo apt-get install -q -y pkg-config${arch} || :
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: src/.downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - name: Fixed world writable dirs
+        run: |
+          chmod -v go-w $HOME $HOME/.config
+          sudo chmod -R go-w /usr/share
+          sudo bash -c 'IFS=:; for d in '"$PATH"'; do chmod -v go-w $d; done' || :
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Run configure
+        env:
+          arch: ${{matrix.arch}}
+        run: >-
+          $SETARCH ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc ${{ matrix.configure }}
+          ${arch:+--target=$arch-$OSTYPE --host=$arch-$OSTYPE}
+      - run: $SETARCH make incs
+      - run: $SETARCH make prepare-gems
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'test-bundled-gems' }}
+      - run: $SETARCH make
+      - run: $SETARCH make leaked-globals
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+      - name: Create dummy files in build dir
+        run: |
+          $SETARCH ./miniruby -e '(("a".."z").to_a+("A".."Z").to_a+("0".."9").to_a+%w[foo bar test zzz]).each{|basename|File.write("#{basename}.rb", "raise %(do not load #{basename}.rb)")}'
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+      - name: make ${{ matrix.test_task }}
+        run: |
+          $SETARCH make -s ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${TESTS:+TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n!/|g;s|^|-n!/|;s|$|$$/|'`}
+        timeout-minutes: 40
+        env:
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-q --tty=no"
+          TESTS: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests || '' }}
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ""
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: "no"
+      - name: make skipped tests
+        run: |
+          $SETARCH make -s test-all TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n/|g;s|^|-n/|;s|$|$$/|'`
+        env:
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ""
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-v --tty=no"
+          TESTS: ${{ matrix.skipped_tests }}
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests != '' }}
+        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.continue-on-skipped_tests || false }}
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${{ matrix.configure }}${{ matrix.arch }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/wasm.yml b/.github/workflows/wasm.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27920b5821
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/wasm.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+name: WebAssembly
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:  # added using https://github.com/step-security/secure-workflows
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        entry:
+#         # wasmtime can't compile non-optimized Asyncified binary due to locals explosion
+#         - { name: O0-debuginfo, optflags: "-O0", debugflags: "-g", wasmoptflags: "-O1" }
+#         - { name: O1,           optflags: "-O1", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-O1" }
+          - { name: O2,           optflags: "-O2", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-O2" }
+#         - { name: O3,           optflags: "-O3", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-O3" }
+#         # -O4 is equivalent to -O3 in clang, but it's different in wasm-opt
+#         - { name: O4,           optflags: "-O3", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-O4" }
+#         - { name: Oz,           optflags: "-Oz", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-Oz" }
+      fail-fast: false
+    env:
+      RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+      WASI_SDK_VERSION_MAJOR: 14
+      WASI_SDK_VERSION_MINOR: 0
+      BINARYEN_VERSION: 109
+      WASMTIME_VERSION: v0.33.0
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir build
+        working-directory:
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: |
+          set -ex
+          sudo apt-get update -q || :
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y ruby bison make autoconf git wget
+
+          wasi_sdk_deb="wasi-sdk_${WASI_SDK_VERSION_MAJOR}.${WASI_SDK_VERSION_MINOR}_amd64.deb"
+          wget "https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-${WASI_SDK_VERSION_MAJOR}/${wasi_sdk_deb}"
+          sudo dpkg -i "$wasi_sdk_deb"
+          rm -f "$wasi_sdk_deb"
+
+          mkdir build-sdk
+          pushd build-sdk
+
+          wasmtime_url="https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/download/${WASMTIME_VERSION}/wasmtime-${WASMTIME_VERSION}-x86_64-linux.tar.xz"
+          wget -O - "$wasmtime_url" | tar xJf -
+          sudo ln -fs "$PWD/wasmtime-${WASMTIME_VERSION}-x86_64-linux/wasmtime" /usr/local/bin/wasmtime
+
+          binaryen_tarball="binaryen-version_${BINARYEN_VERSION}-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
+          binaryen_url="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_${BINARYEN_VERSION}/${binaryen_tarball}"
+          wget -O - "$binaryen_url" | tar xfz -
+          sudo ln -fs "$PWD/binaryen-version_${BINARYEN_VERSION}/bin/wasm-opt" /usr/local/bin/wasm-opt
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Set ENV
+        run: |
+          echo "MAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(sysctl -n hw.activecpu)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "WASI_SDK_PATH=/opt/wasi-sdk" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+        working-directory: src
+
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@13e7a03dc3ac6c3798f4570bfead2aed4d96abfb # v1.244.0
+        with:
+          ruby-version: '3.0'
+          bundler: none
+
+      - name: Download config.guess with wasi version
+        run: |
+          rm tool/config.guess tool/config.sub
+          ruby tool/downloader.rb -d tool -e gnu config.guess config.sub
+        working-directory: src
+
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: |
+          ../src/configure \
+            --host wasm32-unknown-wasi \
+            --with-static-linked-ext \
+            LDFLAGS=" \
+              -Xlinker --stack-first \
+              -Xlinker -z -Xlinker stack-size=16777216 \
+            " \
+            optflags="${{ matrix.entry.optflags }}" \
+            debugflags="${{ matrix.entry.debugflags }}" \
+            wasmoptflags="${{ matrix.entry.wasmoptflags }} ${{ matrix.entry.debugflags }}"
+
+      # miniruby may not be built when cross-compling
+      - run: make mini ruby
+      - name: Run basictest
+        run: wasmtime run ./../build/miniruby --mapdir /::./ -- basictest/test.rb
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Run bootstraptest (no thread)
+        run: |
+          NO_THREAD_TESTS="$(grep -L Thread -R ./bootstraptest | awk -F/ '{ print $NF }' | uniq | sed -n 's/test_\(.*\).rb/\1/p' | paste -s -d, -)"
+          ruby ./bootstraptest/runner.rb --ruby="$(which wasmtime) run $PWD/../build/ruby --mapdir /::./ -- " --verbose "--sets=$NO_THREAD_TESTS"
+        working-directory: src
+
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ matrix.name }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/windows.yml b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2bd4881c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+name: Windows
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - vs: 2022
+            vcvers: -vcvars_ver=14.2
+      fail-fast: false
+    runs-on: windows-${{ matrix.vs }}
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    name: VisualStudio ${{ matrix.vs }}
+    env:
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+      PATCH: C:\msys64\usr\bin\patch.exe
+      OS_VER: windows-${{ matrix.vs }}
+    steps:
+      - run: md build
+        working-directory:
+      - uses: msys2/setup-msys2@61f9e5e925871ba6c9e3e8da24ede83ea27fa91f # v2.27.0
+        id: setup-msys2
+        with:
+          update: true
+          install: bison patch
+      - name: patch path
+        shell: msys2 {0}
+        run: echo PATCH=$(cygpath -wa $(command -v patch)) >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        if: ${{ steps.setup-msys2.outcome == 'success' }}
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: C:\vcpkg\installed
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-installed-windows-${{ matrix.vs }}-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-installed-windows-${{ matrix.vs }}-
+            ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-installed-windows-
+      - name: Install libraries with vcpkg
+        run: |
+          iex "& {$(irm get.scoop.sh)} -RunAsAdmin"
+          Join-Path (Resolve-Path ~).Path "scoop\shims" >> $Env:GITHUB_PATH
+          scoop install cmake@3.31.6
+          vcpkg --triplet x64-windows install libffi libyaml openssl readline zlib
+        shell:
+          pwsh
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global core.autocrlf false
+          git config --global core.eol lf
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: src/.downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - name: setup env
+        # %TEMP% is inconsistent with %TMP% and test-all expects they are consistent.
+        # https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments/issues/712#issuecomment-613004302
+        # msys2/setup-msys2 installs MSYS2 to D:/a/_temp/msys64/usr/bin
+        run: |
+          set Path=D:/a/_temp/msys64/usr/bin;%Path%
+          if not "%VCVARS%" == "" goto :vcset
+            set VCVARS="C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\${{ matrix.vs }}\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
+            if not exist %VCVARS% set VCVARS="C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\${{ matrix.vs }}\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
+          :vcset
+          set | C:\msys64\usr\bin\sort > old.env
+          call %VCVARS% ${{ matrix.vcvers || ''}}
+          set TMP=%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp
+          set TEMP=%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp
+          set /a TEST_JOBS=(15 * %NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS% / 10) > nul
+          set | C:\msys64\usr\bin\sort > new.env
+          C:\msys64\usr\bin\comm -13 old.env new.env >> %GITHUB_ENV%
+          del *.env
+      - name: compiler version
+        run: cl
+      - name: link libraries
+        run: |
+          for %%I in (C:\vcpkg\installed\x64-windows\bin\*.dll) do (
+            if not %%~nI == readline mklink %%~nxI %%I
+          )
+          for %%I in (libcrypto-1_1-x64 libssl-1_1-x64) do (
+            ren c:\Windows\System32\%%I.dll %%I.dll_
+          )
+      - name: Configure
+        run: >-
+          ../src/win32/configure.bat --disable-install-doc
+          --with-opt-dir=C:/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows
+      - run: nmake incs
+      - run: nmake extract-extlibs
+      - run: nmake
+        env:
+          YACC: bison.exe
+      - run: nmake test
+        timeout-minutes: 5
+      - run: nmake test-spec
+        timeout-minutes: 10
+      - run: nmake test-all
+        env:
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: -j${{env.TEST_JOBS}} --job-status=normal
+        timeout-minutes: 60
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "VS${{ matrix.vs }} / ${{ matrix.test_task || 'check' }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
+    shell: cmd
diff --git a/.github/workflows/yjit-ubuntu.yml b/.github/workflows/yjit-ubuntu.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b7b9046e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/yjit-ubuntu.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+name: YJIT Ubuntu
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  cargo:
+    name: Rust cargo test
+    # GitHub Action's image seems to already contain a Rust 1.58.0.
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+      # For now we can't run cargo test --offline because it complains about the
+      # capstone dependency, even though the dependency is optional
+      #- run: cargo test --offline
+      - run: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 cargo test
+        working-directory: yjit
+      # Also compile and test with all features enabled
+      - run: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 cargo test --all-features
+        working-directory: yjit
+      # Check that we can build in release mode too
+      - run: cargo build --release
+        working-directory: yjit
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - test_task: 'yjit-bindgen'
+            hint: 'To fix: use patch in logs'
+            configure: '--with-gcc=clang-14 --enable-yjit=dev'
+            libclang_path: '/usr/lib/llvm-14/lib/libclang.so.1'
+
+          - test_task: "check"
+            # YJIT should be automatically built in release mode on x86-64 Linux with rustc present
+            #configure: "--enable-yjit RUSTC='rustc +1.58.0'"
+            configure: "RUSTC='rustc +1.58.0'"
+            rust_version: "1.58.0"
+
+          - test_task: "check"
+            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
+
+          - test_task: "check"
+            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
+            yjit_opts: "--yjit-call-threshold=1 --yjit-verify-ctx"
+
+          - test_task: "test-all TESTS=--repeat-count=2"
+            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
+
+          - test_task: "test-bundled-gems"
+            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
+
+          - test_task: "yjit-bench"
+            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
+            yjit_bench_opts: "--yjit-stats"
+    env:
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+      RUN_OPTS: ${{ matrix.yjit_opts }}
+      YJIT_BENCH_OPTS: ${{ matrix.yjit_bench_opts }}
+      RUBY_DEBUG: ci
+      BUNDLE_JOBS: 8 # for yjit-bench
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir build
+        working-directory:
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: |
+          set -x
+          sudo apt-get update -q || :
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
+      - name: Install Rust
+        if: ${{ matrix.rust_version }}
+        run: rustup install ${{ matrix.rust_version }} --profile minimal
+      - name: git config
+        run: |
+          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          path: src
+      - uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: src/.downloaded-cache
+          key: downloaded-cache
+      - name: Fixed world writable dirs
+        run: |
+          chmod -v go-w $HOME $HOME/.config
+          sudo chmod -R go-w /usr/share
+          sudo bash -c 'IFS=:; for d in '"$PATH"'; do chmod -v go-w $d; done' || :
+      - name: Set ENV
+        run: |
+          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - run: ./autogen.sh
+        working-directory: src
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc --prefix=$(pwd)/install ${{ matrix.configure }}
+      - run: make incs
+      - run: make prepare-gems
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'test-bundled-gems' }}
+      - run: make -j
+      - run: make leaked-globals
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+      - name: Create dummy files in build dir
+        run: |
+          ./miniruby -e '(("a".."z").to_a+("A".."Z").to_a+("0".."9").to_a+%w[foo bar test zzz]).each{|basename|File.write("#{basename}.rb", "raise %(do not load #{basename}.rb)")}'
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+      - name: Enable YJIT through ENV
+        run: echo "RUBY_YJIT_ENABLE=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      # Check that the binary was built with YJIT
+      - name: Check YJIT enabled
+        run: ./miniruby --yjit -v | grep "+YJIT"
+      - name: make ${{ matrix.test_task }}
+        run: make -s -j ${{ matrix.test_task }} RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS" YJIT_BENCH_OPTS="$YJIT_BENCH_OPTS"
+        timeout-minutes: 60
+        env:
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-q --tty=no"
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ""
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: "no"
+          LIBCLANG_PATH: ${{ matrix.libclang_path }}
+        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'yjit-bench' }}
+      - name: Show ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.ref }} GitHub URL for yjit-bench comparison
+        run: echo "https://github.com/${BASE_REPO}/commit/${BASE_SHA}"
+        env:
+          BASE_REPO: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name }}
+          BASE_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'yjit-bench' && startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+      - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+        with:
+          payload: |
+            {
+              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${{ matrix.configure }}",
+              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+              "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            }
+        env:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99d32a1825
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+*-*-*.def
+*-*-*.exp
+*-*-*.lib
+*.a
+*.bak
+*.bc
+*.bundle
+*.dSYM
+*.dmyh
+*.dylib
+*.elc
+*.i
+*.ii
+*.inc
+*.log
+*.o
+*.o.tmp
+*.obj
+*.old
+*.orig
+*.pch
+*.pdb
+*.rbinc
+*.rej
+*.s
+*.sav
+*.sl
+*.so
+*.so.*
+*.swp
+*.yarb
+*~
+.*.list
+.*.time
+.DS_Store
+.bundle
+.ccmalloc
+.ext
+.pc
+.ppack
+.svn
+.time
+.ruby-version
+Makefile
+cygruby*.def
+extconf.h
+y.output
+y.tab.c
+*.gcda
+*.gcno
+*.gcov
+*.vscode
+lcov*.info
+
+# /
+/*-fake.rb
+/*.dll
+/*.exe
+/*.res
+/*.pc
+/*.rc
+/*_prelude.c
+/.downloaded-cache
+/.top-enc.mk
+/build*/
+/COPYING.LIB
+/ChangeLog
+/Doxyfile
+/GNUmakefile
+/README.atheos
+/README.fat-patch
+/README.v6
+/TAGS
+/archive
+/autom4te*.cache
+/automake
+/benchmark/benchmark-driver
+/beos
+/bmlog-*
+/breakpoints.gdb
+/config.cache
+/config.h
+/config.h.in
+/config.status
+/config.status.lineno
+/configure
+/coverage/simplecov
+/coverage/simplecov-html
+/coverage/doclie
+/coverage/.last_run.json
+/coverage/.resultset.json*
+/coverage/assets
+/coverage/index.html
+/doc/capi
+/enc.mk
+/encdb.h
+/exts.mk
+/goruby
+/id.[ch]
+/largefile.h
+/lcov-c-out
+/lcov-rb-out
+/lcov-out
+/lex.c
+/libruby*.*
+/miniprelude.c
+/miniruby
+/newdate.rb
+/newline.c
+/newver.rb
+/parse.c
+/parse.h
+/patches
+/patches-master
+/pitest.rb
+/ppack
+/prelude.c
+/preview
+/probes.dmyh
+/probes.h
+/rbconfig.rb
+/rename2.h
+/repack
+/revision.h
+/revision.tmp
+/riscos
+/rubicon
+/ruby
+/ruby-runner
+/ruby-runner.h
+/ruby-man.rd.gz
+/rubyspec_temp
+/run.gdb
+/sizes.c
+/static-ruby
+/test.rb
+/test-coverage.dat
+/tmp
+/transdb.h
+/uncommon.mk
+/verconf.h
+/verconf.mk
+/web
+/yasmdata.rb
+
+# /bin/
+
+/bin/*.exe
+/bin/*.dll
+/bin/goruby
+/bin/ruby
+
+# /benchmark/
+/benchmark/bm_require.data
+/benchmark/bmx_*.rb
+/benchmark/fasta.output.*
+/benchmark/wc.input
+
+/enc/*.def
+/enc/*.exp
+/enc/*.lib
+/enc/jis/props.h
+/enc/unicode/data
+
+# /coroutine/
+!/coroutine/**/*.s
+
+# /enc/trans/
+/enc/trans/*.c
+/enc/trans/*.def
+/enc/trans/*.exp
+/enc/trans/*.lib
+
+# /exe/
+/exe/goruby
+/exe/ruby
+
+# /ext/
+/ext/extinit.c
+/ext/configure-ext.mk
+/ext/*/exts.mk
+
+# /ext/-test-/cxxanyargs
+/ext/-test-/cxxanyargs/failure*.failed
+
+# /ext/-test-/win32/dln/
+/ext/-test-/win32/dln/dlntest.dll
+/ext/-test-/win32/dln/dlntest.exp
+/ext/-test-/win32/dln/dlntest.lib
+
+# /ext/-test-/gems
+/ext/-test-/gems
+
+# /ext/etc/
+/ext/etc/constdefs.h
+
+# /ext/fiddle/
+/ext/fiddle/libffi-*
+
+# /ext/rbconfig/
+/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/sizes.c
+/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/limits.c
+
+# /ext/ripper/
+/ext/ripper/eventids1.c
+/ext/ripper/.eventids2-check
+/ext/ripper/eventids2table.c
+/ext/ripper/ripper.*
+/ext/ripper/ids1
+/ext/ripper/ids2
+
+# /ext/socket/
+/ext/socket/constants.h
+/ext/socket/constdefs.h
+/ext/socket/constdefs.c
+
+# /gems
+/gems/*.gem
+/gems/src
+/gems/*-*
+
+# /lib/
+/lib/ruby/[1-9]*.*
+/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby
+
+# /misc/
+/misc/**/__pycache__
+
+# /spec/bundler
+/.rspec_status
+
+# /tool/
+/tool/config.guess
+/tool/config.sub
+
+# /win32/
+/win32/*.ico
+
+# MJIT
+/include/ruby-*/*/rb_mjit_min_header-*.h
+/lib/ruby_vm/mjit/instruction.rb
+/mjit_config.h
+/rb_mjit_header.h
+
+# YJIT
+/yjit-bench
+/yjit_exit_locations.dump
+
+# /wasm/
+/wasm/tests/*.wasm
diff --git a/.indent.pro b/.indent.pro
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d61cbcad1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.indent.pro
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+-bap
+-nbbb
+-nbc
+-br
+-brs
+-nbs
+-ncdb
+-nce
+-cdw
+-cli2
+-cbi2
+-ndj
+-ncs
+-nfc1
+-i4
+-l120
+-lp
+-npcs
+-psl
+-sc
+-sob
+-sbi4
+-nut
+-par
+
+-TID
+-TVALUE
+-Tst_data_t
+-Tst_index_t
+-Tst_table
+-Trb_data_type_t
+-TFILE
diff --git a/.rdoc_options b/.rdoc_options
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..760507c7a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.rdoc_options
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+page_dir: doc
+main_page: README.md
+title: Documentation for Ruby development version
diff --git a/.rspec_parallel b/.rspec_parallel
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aaff198a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.rspec_parallel
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+--format progress
+--format ParallelTests::RSpec::RuntimeLogger --out tmp/parallel_runtime_rspec.log
diff --git a/BSDL b/BSDL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..66d93598aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BSDL
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Copyright (C) 1993-2013 Yukihiro Matsumoto. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+are met:
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13df6087ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+See ["Contributing to Ruby"](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/contributing_md.html), which includes setup and build instructions.
diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING
index 870a5f22d6..48e5a96de7 100644
--- a/COPYING
+++ b/COPYING
@@ -1,56 +1,56 @@
 Ruby is copyrighted free software by Yukihiro Matsumoto <matz@netlab.jp>.
-You can redistribute it and/or modify it under either the terms of the GPL
-(see the file GPL), or the conditions below:
+You can redistribute it and/or modify it under either the terms of the
+2-clause BSDL (see the file BSDL), or the conditions below:
 
-  1. You may make and give away verbatim copies of the source form of the
-     software without restriction, provided that you duplicate all of the
-     original copyright notices and associated disclaimers.
+1. You may make and give away verbatim copies of the source form of the
+   software without restriction, provided that you duplicate all of the
+   original copyright notices and associated disclaimers.
 
-  2. You may modify your copy of the software in any way, provided that
-     you do at least ONE of the following:
+2. You may modify your copy of the software in any way, provided that
+   you do at least ONE of the following:
 
-       a) place your modifications in the Public Domain or otherwise
-          make them Freely Available, such as by posting said
-	  modifications to Usenet or an equivalent medium, or by allowing
-	  the author to include your modifications in the software.
+   a. place your modifications in the Public Domain or otherwise
+      make them Freely Available, such as by posting said
+      modifications to Usenet or an equivalent medium, or by allowing
+      the author to include your modifications in the software.
 
-       b) use the modified software only within your corporation or
-          organization.
+   b. use the modified software only within your corporation or
+      organization.
 
-       c) give non-standard binaries non-standard names, with
-          instructions on where to get the original software distribution.
+   c. give non-standard binaries non-standard names, with
+      instructions on where to get the original software distribution.
 
-       d) make other distribution arrangements with the author.
+   d. make other distribution arrangements with the author.
 
-  3. You may distribute the software in object code or binary form,
-     provided that you do at least ONE of the following:
+3. You may distribute the software in object code or binary form,
+   provided that you do at least ONE of the following:
 
-       a) distribute the binaries and library files of the software,
-	  together with instructions (in the manual page or equivalent)
-	  on where to get the original distribution.
+   a. distribute the binaries and library files of the software,
+      together with instructions (in the manual page or equivalent)
+      on where to get the original distribution.
 
-       b) accompany the distribution with the machine-readable source of
-	  the software.
+   b. accompany the distribution with the machine-readable source of
+      the software.
 
-       c) give non-standard binaries non-standard names, with
-          instructions on where to get the original software distribution.
+   c. give non-standard binaries non-standard names, with
+      instructions on where to get the original software distribution.
 
-       d) make other distribution arrangements with the author.
+   d. make other distribution arrangements with the author.
 
-  4. You may modify and include the part of the software into any other
-     software (possibly commercial).  But some files in the distribution
-     are not written by the author, so that they are not under these terms.
+4. You may modify and include the part of the software into any other
+   software (possibly commercial).  But some files in the distribution
+   are not written by the author, so that they are not under these terms.
 
-     For the list of those files and their copying conditions, see the
-     file LEGAL.
+   For the list of those files and their copying conditions, see the
+   file LEGAL.
 
-  5. The scripts and library files supplied as input to or produced as 
-     output from the software do not automatically fall under the
-     copyright of the software, but belong to whomever generated them, 
-     and may be sold commercially, and may be aggregated with this
-     software.
+5. The scripts and library files supplied as input to or produced as
+   output from the software do not automatically fall under the
+   copyright of the software, but belong to whomever generated them,
+   and may be sold commercially, and may be aggregated with this
+   software.
 
-  6. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
-     IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
-     WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
-     PURPOSE.
+6. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
+   IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
+   WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+   PURPOSE.
diff --git a/COPYING.ja b/COPYING.ja
index 933cc7cb9a..230376bc60 100644
--- a/COPYING.ja
+++ b/COPYING.ja
@@ -1,51 +1,51 @@
-$BK\%W%m%0%i%`$O%U%j!<%=%U%H%&%'%"$G$9!%(BGPL(the GNU General
-Public License)$B$^$?$O0J2<$K<($9>r7o$GK\%W%m%0%i%`$r:FG[I[$G(B
-$B$-$^$9!%(BGPL$B$K$D$$$F$O(BGPL$B%U%!%$%k$r;2>H$7$F2<$5$$!%(B
+本プログラムはフリーソフトウェアです．2-clause BSDL
+または以下に示す条件で本プログラムを再配布できます
+2-clause BSDLについてはBSDLファイルを参照して下さい．
 
-  1. $BJ#@=$O@)8B$J$/<+M3$G$9!%(B
+1. 複製は制限なく自由です．
 
-  2. $B0J2<$N>r7o$N$$$:$l$+$rK~$?$9;~$KK\%W%m%0%i%`$N%=!<%9$r(B
-     $B<+M3$KJQ99$G$-$^$9!%(B
+2. 以下の条件のいずれかを満たす時に本プログラムのソースを
+   自由に変更できます．
 
-     (a) $B%M%C%H%K%e!<%:$K%]%9%H$7$?$j!$:n<T$KJQ99$rAwIU$9$k(B
-         $B$J$I$NJ}K!$G!$JQ99$r8x3+$9$k!%(B
+   a.  ネットニューズにポストしたり，作者に変更を送付する
+       などの方法で，変更を公開する．
 
-     (b) $BJQ99$7$?K\%W%m%0%i%`$r<+J,$N=jB0$9$kAH?%FbIt$@$1$G(B
-         $B;H$&!%(B
+   b.  変更した本プログラムを自分の所属する組織内部だけで
+       使う．
 
-     (c) $BJQ99E@$rL@<($7$?$&$(!$%=%U%H%&%'%"$NL>A0$rJQ99$9$k!%(B
-         $B$=$N%=%U%H%&%'%"$rG[I[$9$k;~$K$OJQ99A0$NK\%W%m%0%i(B
-         $B%`$bF1;~$KG[I[$9$k!%$^$?$OJQ99A0$NK\%W%m%0%i%`$N%=!<(B
-         $B%9$NF~<jK!$rL@<($9$k!%(B
+   c.  変更点を明示したうえ，ソフトウェアの名前を変更する．
+       そのソフトウェアを配布する時には変更前の本プログラ
+       ムも同時に配布する．または変更前の本プログラムのソー
+       スの入手法を明示する．
 
-     (d) $B$=$NB>$NJQ99>r7o$r:n<T$H9g0U$9$k!%(B
+   d.  その他の変更条件を作者と合意する．
 
-  3. $B0J2<$N>r7o$N$$$:$l$+$rK~$?$9;~$KK\%W%m%0%i%`$r%3%s%Q%$(B
-     $B%k$7$?%*%V%8%'%/%H%3!<%I$d<B9T7A<0$G$bG[I[$G$-$^$9!%(B
+3. 以下の条件のいずれかを満たす時に本プログラムをコンパイ
+   ルしたオブジェクトコードや実行形式でも配布できます．
 
-     (a) $B%P%$%J%j$r<u$1<h$C$??M$,%=!<%9$rF~<j$G$-$k$h$&$K!$(B
-         $B%=!<%9$NF~<jK!$rL@<($9$k!%(B
+   a.  バイナリを受け取った人がソースを入手できるように，
+       ソースの入手法を明示する．
 
-     (b) $B5!3#2DFI$J%=!<%9%3!<%I$rE:IU$9$k!%(B
+   b.  機械可読なソースコードを添付する．
 
-     (c) $BJQ99$r9T$C$?%P%$%J%j$OL>A0$rJQ99$7$?$&$(!$%*%j%8%J(B
-         $B%k$N%=!<%9%3!<%I$NF~<jK!$rL@<($9$k!%(B
+   c.  変更を行ったバイナリは名前を変更したうえ，オリジナ
+       ルのソースコードの入手法を明示する．
 
-     (d) $B$=$NB>$NG[I[>r7o$r:n<T$H9g0U$9$k!%(B
+   d.  その他の配布条件を作者と合意する．
 
-  4. $BB>$N%W%m%0%i%`$X$N0zMQ$O$$$+$J$kL\E*$G$"$l<+M3$G$9!%$?(B
-     $B$@$7!$K\%W%m%0%i%`$K4^$^$l$kB>$N:n<T$K$h$k%3!<%I$O!$$=(B
-     $B$l$>$l$N:n<T$N0U8~$K$h$k@)8B$,2C$($i$l$k>l9g$,$"$j$^$9!%(B
+4. 他のプログラムへの引用はいかなる目的であれ自由です．た
+   だし，本プログラムに含まれる他の作者によるコードは，そ
+   れぞれの作者の意向による制限が加えられる場合があります．
 
-     $B$=$l$i%U%!%$%k$N0lMw$H$=$l$>$l$NG[I[>r7o$J$I$KIU$$$F$O(B
-     LEGAL$B%U%!%$%k$r;2>H$7$F$/$@$5$$!%(B
+   それらファイルの一覧とそれぞれの配布条件などに付いては
+   LEGALファイルを参照してください．
 
-  5. $BK\%W%m%0%i%`$X$NF~NO$H$J$k%9%/%j%W%H$*$h$S!$K\%W%m%0%i(B
-     $B%`$+$i$N=PNO$N8"Mx$OK\%W%m%0%i%`$N:n<T$G$O$J$/!$$=$l$>(B
-     $B$l$NF~=PNO$r@8@.$7$??M$KB0$7$^$9!%$^$?!$K\%W%m%0%i%`$K(B
-     $BAH$_9~$^$l$k$?$a$N3HD%%i%$%V%i%j$K$D$$$F$bF1MM$G$9!%(B
+5. 本プログラムへの入力となるスクリプトおよび，本プログラ
+   ムからの出力の権利は本プログラムの作者ではなく，それぞ
+   れの入出力を生成した人に属します．また，本プログラムに
+   組み込まれるための拡張ライブラリについても同様です．
 
-  6. $BK\%W%m%0%i%`$OL5J]>Z$G$9!%:n<T$OK\%W%m%0%i%`$r%5%]!<%H(B
-     $B$9$k0U;V$O$"$j$^$9$,!$%W%m%0%i%`<+?H$N%P%0$"$k$$$OK\%W(B
-     $B%m%0%i%`$N<B9T$J$I$+$iH/@8$9$k$$$+$J$kB;32$KBP$7$F$b@U(B
-     $BG$$r;}$A$^$;$s!%(B
+6. 本プログラムは無保証です．作者は本プログラムをサポート
+   する意志はありますが，プログラム自身のバグあるいは本プ
+   ログラムの実行などから発生するいかなる損害に対しても責
+   任を持ちません．
diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
deleted file mode 100644
index 8f170c56e0..0000000000
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19319 +0,0 @@
-Sun Jan  5 09:36:46 2003  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_init_loadpath): under Windows, get the module
-	  path from an internal address instead of hard coded library
-	  name.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in, bcc32/Makefile.sub,
-	  win32/Makefile.sub (CPPFLAGS): removed LIBRUBY_SO macro.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub, win32/Makefile.sub (config.h): no longer
-	  depends on makefiles.
-
-Sun Jan  5 03:43:47 2003  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* defines.h (FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS): Make the flushw call an
-	  inline function so it can be used as an expression.
-
-	* eval.c (EXEC_TAG, THREAD_SAVE_CONTEXT): Consistently call
-	  FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS before calling setjmp(). (I suspect that
-	  every setjmp() implementation should take care of register
-	  windows, though)
-
-Sun Jan  5 03:12:32 2003  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (utimbuf): use utimbuf instead of _utimbuf if defined _WIN32.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (LIBS): use oldnames.lib.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_getcwd): follow above change.
-
-	* win32/win32.h: ditto.
-
-	* wince/direct.c, wince/direct.h (getcwd): ditto.
-
-	* wince/io.h: ditto.
-
-	* wince/string.c, wince/wince.h (stricmp, strnicmp): ditto.
-
-Sat Jan  4 15:18:50 2003  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_proc_exec): use same logic as DJGPP on win32 ports.
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_system): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h (do_aspawn): [new]. for arrayed
-	  arguments.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (CreateChild): add new argument for real filename of
-	  executing process.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (NtHasRedirection, pipe_exec): follow above change.
-
-Sat Jan  4 14:29:52 2003  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: set rb_cv_need_io_flush_between_seek=yes.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (config.h): define NEED_IO_FLUSH_BETWEE_SEEK.
-	  (pointed out by moriq [ruby-dev:19299])
-
-Sat Jan  4 01:33:40 2003  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_lchmod): get rid of gcc-3 -O3 warning.
-
-Fri Jan  3 22:26:07 2003  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* process.c (rb_proc_times): need to initialize first.
-
-Thu Jan 02 11:01:20 2003  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (bmcall): arguments should be an array.
-
-Wed Jan  1 18:18:45 2003  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: better DJGPP support. add GNUmakefile.
-
-	* djgpp/GNUmakefile: new.
-
-Wed Jan  1 04:16:18 2003  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* node.h (struct RNode): Change argc from int to long.  Otherwise
-	  NEW_CFUNC() sets argc to a wrong value on platforms where
-	  sizeof(int) != sizeof(long) and the byte order is big-endian.
-	  This fixes breakage on FreeBSD/sparc64.
-
-Tue Dec 31 23:22:50 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (massign): removed awkward conversion between yvalue,
-	  mvalue, etc.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): new parameter added to tell whether val is
-	  an array value or not.
-
-	* parse.y (yield_args): restructuring: new nodes: NODE_RESTARY2,
-	  NODE_SVALUE; removed node: NODE_RESTARGS.
-
-Tue Dec 31 21:13:51 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Makefile.in, {win32,bcc32}/Makefile.sub: add new target:
-	  what-where, no-install.
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: add const: CROSS_COMPILING.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: no-install support.  add MAKEDIRS macro.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: add !ifdef .. !endif for Borland make.
-
-	* process.c: improve DJGPP support.  system "ls", "-l".
-
-Tue Dec 31 20:16:37 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/addrinfo.h (NI_MAXHOST): Define NI_MAXHOST and
-	  NI_MAXSERV only if they are not defined yet.  This fixes build
-	  on such platforms as OpenBSD.
-
-Tue Dec 31 20:07:49 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/extconf.rb (find_tcl, find_tk): Look for both
-	  lib{tcl,tk}M.N and lib{tcl,tk}MN on all platforms.  *BSD have
-	  Tcl/Tk libraries named this way.
-
-Tue Dec 31 19:48:21 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* configure.in: Improve OpenBSD support. [obtained from: OpenBSD
-	  ports]
-
-	* dln.c (FUNCNAME_PATTERN): Ditto.
-
-Tue Dec 31 19:21:02 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_transpose): Properly declare ary as a VALUE.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_chmod): Do not directly cast an int to void *
-	  to avoid a warning.
-
-	* defines.h (FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS): Add support for
-	  FreeBSD/sparc64.  miniruby still coredumps in a different place,
-	  though.
-
-Tue Dec 31 07:47:15 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_string): readjusted.
-
-	* parse.y (heredoc_identifier): readjusted.
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): make EOL codes of single-quoted
-	  here-documents consistent.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): reduced unnecessary conditionals.
-
-Tue Dec 31 04:49:51 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ruby.1: mdoc'ify.
-
-Tue Dec 31 01:30:29 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): do not accept " __END__\n".  ([ruby-dev:19245])
-
-Mon Dec 30 21:10:59 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): use strncmp instead of strcmp. 
-	  accept "__END__\r\n".  ([ruby-dev:19241])
-
-Mon Dec 30 20:32:14 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark_frame): should mark frame->node.
-
-Mon Dec 30 19:10:30 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: split --make argument contains options, assume
-	  the first word of --make-flags is always options even unless
-	  preceded by -, and ignore letter-case of options if nmake.
-
-	* instruby.rb: extract -n option also from --make and
-	  --make-flags.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub, win32/Makefile.sub: not prepend - to
-	  $(MFLAGS)
-
-Mon Dec 30 16:44:14 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_substr): should share the shared string if
-	  present, instead of the original string.  (ruby-bugs:PR#528)
-
-Mon Dec 30 05:10:00 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (tcp_svr_init): local host to
-	  init_inetsock() is VALUE but not pointer.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_unpack_sockaddr_in): get rid of
-	  gcc-3 -O3 warning.
-
-Sun Dec 29 23:45:53 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): adjust GC trigger.
-
-	* dln.c (init_funcname_len): get rid of gcc-3 -O3 warning.
-
-	* eval.c (copy_node_scope): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_foreach, delete_if_i, select_i, each_value_i,
-	  each_key_i, each_pair_i, envix): ditto.
-
-	* range.c (range_each_func): ditto.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_chmod): ditto.
-
-Sun Dec 29 15:30:37 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb (fu_parseargs): should not inherit ftools.rb's
-          misfeature.
-
-Sun Dec 29 05:08:13 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb (cmp): return false if file size differs.
-
-Sat Dec 28 19:21:24 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* instruby.rb: remove junk args.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): remove a trouble library
-	  before making a shared library.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: invoke instruby.rb with the --make-flags option.
-
-Sat Dec 28 03:09:58 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb (CGI#[]): improvement. thanks to Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA
-	  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-Sat Dec 28 00:34:03 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* {win32,bcc32}/Makefile.sub: remove `=' from --make-flags options.
-	  nmake quotes args if included `=' in args.
-
-	* instruby.rb: use getopts.rb.
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb (-DDBM_HDR): substitute ' with " to avoid
-	  a error on Win32.
-
-	* ext/gdbm/gdbm.c: add prototypes to avoid VC++ warnings.
-
-Fri Dec 27 21:41:57 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* bcc32/setup.mak, win32/setup.mak(-prologue-): move srcdir from
-	  CPP input or UNC path will be removed as a comment.
-
-Fri Dec 27 17:55:00 2002  Takaaki Uematsu  <mail@uema2.cjb.net>
-
-	* wince/config, wince/configure.bat: replace 1.7 with 1.8
-	  in macros.
-
-Fri Dec 27 13:28:14 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* instruby.rb: fileutils.rb accepts only one argument.
-
-Fri Dec 27 13:23:29 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb (fu_parseargs): reject illegal options
-	  correctly.
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb (uptodate?): parameter declaration was wrong.
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb: change coding styles.
-
-Fri Dec 27 09:25:22 2002  ABE Shigeru  <shiger-a@nifty.com>
-
-	* process.c (rb_proc_times): avoid WindowsXP crash using volatile
-	  variables.
-
-Fri Dec 27 02:56:58 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* instruby.rb: check only `-' option, and use fileutils instead of
-	  ftools.
-
-Fri Dec 27 02:45:17 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: Telnet#print not add "\n".
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: cgi['key'] is equal cgi['key'][0]
-
-Thu Dec 26 22:33:18 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (create_makefile): check only `-' option.
-
-	* configure.in: cleanups for MinGW. remove -D__NO_ISOCEXT in $CFLAGS.
-
-	* win32/win32.h: prototypes for isinf, isnan are not needed on MinGW.
-
-Thu Dec 26 19:22:00 2002  YOSHIDA Kazuhiro <moriq@moriq.com>
-
-	* win32/setup.mak (-prologue-): moved srcdir macro definition.
-	  [ruby-win32:420].
-
-Wed Dec 25 18:26:44 2002  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): fixed wrong \G behavior.  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#377)
-
-Wed Dec 25 16:41:16 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match_exec): fix odd \G behavior based on the patch
-	  from Nobu.
-
-Wed Dec 25 11:05:11 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* bcc32/setup.mak (-generic-): removed garbages.
-
-Wed Dec 25 10:36:20 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub, win32/Makefile.sub (RUBY_SO_NAME, config.h):
-	  use $(MAJOR) and $(MINOR). based on Nobu's patch. [ruby-win32:413]
-
-	* bcc32/setup.mak, win32/setup.mak (-prologue-): define MAJOR, MINOR
-	  and TEENY from version.h. based on Nobu's patch. [ruby-win32:413]
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (config.h): add HAVE_FLOAT_H.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (parse.obj): depend on win32/win32.h.
-
-Tue Dec 24 23:49:16 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/irb/completion.rb: Use Object#class rather than Object#type.
-
-Tue Dec 24 23:37:40 2002  TADA Tadashi <sho@spc.gr.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb (Cookie::parse), lib/cgi-lib.rb (initialize): Do not
-	  pass to split() a bare string longer than 2 characters as
-	  separator.
-
-Tue Dec 24 19:19:24 2002  Tietew <tietew@tietew.net>
-
-	* numeric.c (DBL_MAX_10_EXP): fix typo. [ruby-dev:36826]
-
-Tue Dec 24 17:02:46 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_undefined): use NoMethodError instead of fatal.
-
-Tue Dec 24 02:12:45 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/README: Synchronize with reality.
-
-Tue Dec 24 02:05:51 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* MANIFEST, lib/README, lib/ipaddr.rb: Add ipaddr.rb from rough.
-
-Sun Dec 22 04:07:47 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c (fdbm_alloc): allocator takes only one argument.
-
-Sun Dec 22 02:49:25 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (ary_alloc), dir.c (dir_s_alloc), eval.c (thgroup_s_alloc),
-	  file.c (rb_stat_s_alloc), hash.c (hash_alloc), io.c (io_alloc),
-	  object.c (rb_module_s_alloc, rb_class_allocate_instance),
-	  re.c (match_alloc, rb_reg_s_alloc), string.c (str_alloc),
-	  time.c (time_s_alloc), ext/digest/digest.c (rb_digest_base_alloc),
-	  ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (ip_alloc),
-	  ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (fole_s_allocate, fev_s_allocate)
-	  : add prototype to get rid of VC++ warnings.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/init.c (fsdbm_alloc): allocator takes only one argument.
-
-Sun Dec 22 00:36:43 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): accept pure ruby libraries.
-
-Sat Dec 21 23:59:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_i): should not show ID_ALLOCATOR.
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_prot_i): ditto.
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_priv_i): ditto.
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_pub_i): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_undefined): ditto.
-
-Sat Dec 21 07:27:24 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-partial): keywords must not be
-	  preceded by @ or $.
-
-Fri Dec 20 20:29:04 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c, ext/dbm/dbm.c, ext/digest/digest.c,
-	  ext/dl/handle.c, ext/dl/ptr.c, ext/dl/sym.c, ext/gdbm/gdbm.c,
-	  ext/iconv/iconv.c, ext/sdbm/init.c, ext/stringio/stringio.c,
-	  ext/strscan/strscan.c, ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c,
-	  ext/win32ole/win32ole.c: use rb_define_alloc_func().
-
-Fri Dec 20 18:29:04 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fwrite): separated from io_write().
-
-	* marshal.c (w_byten): use rb_io_fwrite() to support non-blocking
-	  IO, and added error check.
-
-	* rubyio.h: prototypes; rb_io_fwrite
-
-Fri Dec 20 17:40:59 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): should not remove Class#allocate.
-
-	* lib/profiler.rb: separate profiling functions, without
-	  trace_func and at_exit setting.
-
-Fri Dec 20 16:20:04 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (do_block): split "do" block and tLBRACE_ARG block.
-
-	* parse.y (cmd_brace_block): new tLBRACE_ARG block rule
-
-	* parse.y (command): can take optional cmd_brace_block; use %prec
-	  to resolve shift/reduce conflict. (ruby-bugs-ja PR#372)
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_finalize): trace_func should be cleared here (after
-	  executing exit procs and finalizers).
-
-	* eval.c (rb_define_alloc_func): new allocation framework, based
-	  on Nobu's work [ruby-dev:19116].  "allocate" method is no longer
-	  used for object allocation.
-
-Fri Dec 20 05:06:49 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/README, lib/cgi/ftplib.rb, lib/telnet.rb: Delete ftplib.rb
-	  and telnet.rb.  It has been quite some time sinc they were
-	  obsoleted and made to emit warnings.
-
-Fri Dec 20 04:58:22 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Embed Rdoc style comments.
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Add length as an alias for size.
-
-Fri Dec 20 03:57:32 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Add Tempfile#close!() as a shorthand for
-	  Tempfile#close(true).
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Add Tempfile#{unlink,delete}().
-
-Fri Dec 20 03:53:01 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/README, lib/cgi/final.rb, lib/cgi/session.rb: Delete
-	  final.rb, which was obsoleted long ago.
-
-Fri Dec 20 00:16:06 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_match_pre, rb_reg_match_post, match_to_a,
-	  match_select): return instances of same class as the original
-	  string.  [ruby-dev:19119]
-
-Thu Dec 19 22:55:49 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (DBL_EPSILON): fix typo.
-
-Thu Dec 19 22:35:20 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (assign): avoid [BUG] at multiple attribute assignment.
-
-Thu Dec 19 01:00:09 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_step): use DBL_EPSILON.
-
-	* array.c (rb_check_array_type): new function: return an array
-	  (convert if possible), or nil.
-
-	* string.c (rb_check_string_type): new function: return a string
-	  (convert if possible), or nil.
-
-	* numeric.c (rb_dbl_cmp): returns nil if values are not
-	  comparable.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_cmp,flo_cmp): use rb_num_coerce_cmp()
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_cmp): ditto.
-
-	* numeric.c (rb_num_coerce_cmp): new coercing function for "<=>",
-	  which does not raise TypeError.
-
-	* numeric.c (do_coerce): can be supress exception now.
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_cmp): should return nil for non class/module
-	  objects.
-
-Thu Dec 19 04:21:10 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/open-uri.rb: add a missing ||. (found by: ruby -wc)
-
-Wed Dec 18 17:53:05 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_eqq): return false if the argument is not a
-	  string.  now returns boolean value.
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): argument should be T_MODULE, not
-	  T_class, nor T_ICLASS.
-
-Wed Dec 18 03:52:55 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_new4): handle tail shared string.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#370)
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dup_frozen): ditto.
-
-Tue Dec 17 21:08:29 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* node.h (NODE_ATTRASGN): new node, assignment to attribute.
-	  [ruby-core:00637].
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined, rb_eval): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (attrset, node_assign): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_substr): tail sharing.  [ruby-core:00650]
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_nth_match): ditto.
-
-Tue Dec 17 16:52:38 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): "defined?" should return "assignment" for
-	  attribute assignment (e.g. a.foo=b) and indexed assignment
-	  (e.g. a[2] = 44).
-
-	* parse.y (aryset): use NODE_ATTRASGN.
-
-Tue Dec 17 04:03:45 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-        * lib/open-uri.rb: new file.
-
-Tue Dec 17 00:28:19 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (utimbuf): need to define for VC++.
-
-Mon Dec 16 15:53:20 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): get rid of overrun.  (pointed out by akr
-	  [ruby-list:36773])
-
-Sun Dec 15 21:16:44 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (init_mkmf): add $(topdir) to $LIBPATH if $extmk.
-	  remove adding $(archdir) to $LIBPATH.
-
-Sat Dec 15 12:15:00 2002  Takaaki Uematsu <mail@uema2.cjb.net>
-
-	* configure.in, defines.h, dir.c, dir.h, dln.c, error.c,
-	  eval.c, file.c, hash.c, io.c, main.c, missing.c, 
-	  process.c, ruby.c, rubysig.h, signal.c, st.c, util.c, util.h,
-	  bcc/Makefile.sub, win32/Makefile.sub, win32/win32.h,
-	  ext/Win32API/Win32API.c, ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c, 
-	  ext/socket/getnameinfo.c, ext/socket/socket.c,
-	  ext/tcltklib/stubs.c
-	  : replace "NT" with "_WIN32", add DOSISH_DRIVE_LETTER
-	* wince/exe.mak : delete \r at the end of lines.
-	* wince/mswince-ruby17.def : delete rb_obj_become
-
-Sun Dec 15 11:43:26 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (dispose_string): dispose String object.
-
-	* parse.y (heredoc_restore, here_document): fix memory leak.
-
-Sat Dec 14 14:25:00 2002  Takaaki Uematsu <mail@uema2.cjb.net>
-
-	* wince/sys : add stat.c, stat.h, timeb.c, timeb.h,
-		      types.h, utime.c, utime.h
-	* wince/dll.mak : object file name changed.
-	* wince/io.c : add empty dup2().
-	* wince/io.h : add dup2 definition.
-
-Sat Dec 14 01:51:29 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb (rb_check): support for GNU dbm 1.8.3.
-	  (-with-dbm-type=gdbm_compat). link against -lgdbm_compat
-	  and -lgdbm.
-
-Fri Dec 13 23:42:16 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb (db_check): check existence of the function
-	  in the specified library before checking it in libc.
-
-Fri Dec 13 17:15:49 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (generic_ivar_get): should always warn uninitialized
-	  instance variables.
-
-Fri Dec 13 12:33:22 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (expr): rescue clause was ignored.
-
-Thu Dec 12 18:19:14 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_PROG_GNU_LD): add $CFLAGS, $CPPFLAGS, $LDFLAGS
-	  to the option of $CC.
-
-	* configure.in: set LIBRUBYARG to '-l$(RUBY_SO_NAME)' if the
-	  target os is cygwin and --disable-shared option is supplied.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (init_mkmf): expand config["LIBRUBY"] and
-	  config["LIBRUBY_A"].  don't link $LIBRUBYARG_STATIC if
-	  --disable-shared option is supplied.
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_CPPOUTFILE): should be a better message.
-
-	* ext/Win32API/extconf.rb: join with a space.
-
-Thu Dec 12 17:27:19 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_hash): define Regexp#hash to make regexps to be
-	  hash keys.
-
-	* re.c (Init_Regexp): define Regexp#eql? (alias to Regexp#==).
-
-Thu Dec 12 16:26:31 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object0): singleton class instance can't be loaded.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#366)
-
-Wed Dec 11 23:35:43 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (create_makefile): -no-undefined -> --no-undefined.
-
-Wed Dec 11 17:54:59 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (io_read): takes optional second argument to specify a
-	  string to be written.  the string should not be frozen.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_sysread): ditto.
-
-Wed Dec 11 11:30:28 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/digest/digest.c (rb_digest_base_copy): renamed "become".
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_copy): ditto.
-
-Wed Dec 11 00:45:00 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/getoptlong.rb (GetoptLong::Error): provide a common ancestor
-	  for GetoptLong error classes (RCR#129).
-
-Tue Dec 10 17:42:39 2002 2002  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_copy_object): fixed memory leak.
-
-Tue Dec 10 17:30:35 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-        * pack.c (utf8_limits): fix the limit of 4 bytes UTF-8 sequence.
-
-Tue Dec 10 12:01:15 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (mnew): original class of method defined in module should
-	  be the module not intermediate class.  [ruby-dev:19040]
-
-Tue Dec 10 01:16:52 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): preceding ".." for negative numbers
-	  still left;  removed.
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): should not prepend '0' if width > prec
-	  for example "%5.3d".
-
-Sat Dec  7 18:14:23 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (Init_process): add Process.exit and Process.abort
-
-	* pack.c (utf8_to_uv): raise ArgumentError for malformed/redundant
-	  UTF-8 sequences.
-
-Fri Dec  6 03:46:00 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (last_status_set): add pid attribute to Process::Status.
-
-Wed Dec  4 17:31:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (uv_to_utf8): limit maximum length of the encoded string
-	  to 6 bytes, even when the platform supports 8 bytes long integers.
-
-	* pack.c (utf8_to_uv): do not decode sequences longer than 6 bytes.
-
-	* object.c (copy_object): use "copy_object" method, not "become".
-
-Wed Dec  4 16:37:11 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (copy_object): copy finalizers as well if any.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_copy_finalizer): new function to copy finalizers.
-
-Tue Dec  3 01:13:41 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/pp.rb (PP.singleline_pp): new method.
-
-Sun Dec  1 23:04:03 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb (OptionParser::new): same as OptionParser#on but
-	  returns new OptionParser::switch.
-
-Sun Dec  1 22:43:29 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_stat): empty path is invalid, and return
-	  ENOENT rather than EBADF in such case.  [ruby-talk:57177]
-
-Fri Nov 29 18:01:48 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (utf8_to_uv): added checks for malformed or redundant
-	  UTF-8 sequences.
-
-Thu Nov 28 12:08:30 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: Avoid the use of "clean::" in favor of "clean:" in
-	  order not to let make(1) choke if there is another dependency on
-	  the target added in a depend file.
-
-Thu Nov 28 02:40:42 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: Make sure to dig the destination directory before
-	  installing a file there.  Formerly "make install" could fail
-	  depending on make(1)'s mood of the moment, especially when -jN
-	  is given.
-
-Wed Nov 27 17:39:38 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/syslog/syslog.c: Cut redundancy.
-
-	* ext/syslog/syslog.c: Do not leak ident.
-
-Wed Nov 27 17:25:29 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/syslog/syslog.c, ext/syslog/test.rb: Syslog.close should
-	  raise RuntimeError when not opened.
-
-	* ext/syslog/syslog.c, ext/syslog/test.rb:
-	  Syslog.{ident,options,facility,mask} should all return nil when
-	  not opened.
-
-	* ext/syslog/syslog.c, ext/syslog/test.rb: Change back the output
-	  format of inspect().
-
-Wed Nov 27 16:25:43 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/test.rb: Switch from RUnit to Test::Unit.
-
-Wed Nov 27 16:14:12 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/syslog/syslog.c: Fix a problem where Syslog.ident was not
-	  marked and could thus be GC'd.
-
-Wed Nov 27 16:11:53 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/syslog/test.rb: Switch from RUnit to Test::Unit.
-
-	* ext/syslog/test.rb: The output format of inspect() is slightly
-	  altered.
-
-Wed Nov 27 06:43:26 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* error.c (exit_initialize): add SystemExit#initialize to set
-	  instance variable status.  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#362)
-	  Now accepts status as optional first argument.
-
-	* eval.c (error_handle): now SystemExit have status always.
-
-	* eval.c (system_exit): just instantiate SystemExit without raise.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start_0): initialize SystemExit properly.
-
-Tue Nov 26 10:17:04 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln.c (init_funcname_len): remove MAXPATHLEN dependency.
-
-Mon Nov 25 19:55:38 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (extmake): return true if not dynamic and not static.
-
-Mon Nov 25 01:08:40 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln.c: revert and add the MAXPATHLEN definition on mswin32/mingw32.
-
-Sun Nov 24 20:36:53 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln.c: move the MAXPATHLEN definition in front.
-
-Fri Nov 22 22:55:01 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): preceding ".." for negative
-	  hexadecimal numbers should not appear if prec (e.g. %.4) is
-	  specified.
-
-	* pack.c (NUM2I32): support platforms which does not have 32bit
-	  integers (e.g. Cray).
-
-Fri Nov 22 19:20:36 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* instruby.rb: Install batch files on Windows. [Submitted by usa]
-
-Fri Nov 22 18:31:46 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_add_method): node may be NULL.
-
-Thu Nov 21 20:53:06 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: changes coding style.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: ditto.
-
-Thu Nov 21 20:17:08 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: changes coding style.
-
-Thu Nov 21 20:04:06 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: should not overwrite Host: header.
-	  (This patch is contributed by sean@ruby-lang.org)
-
-Thu Nov 21 20:01:33 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: support Proxy-Authorization.
-	(This patch is contributed by Alexander Bokovoy)
-
-Thu Nov 21 11:03:39 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file_ext): should not terminate searching with
-	  empty path, just ignore.
-
-	* dir.c: remove <sys/parm.h> inclusion.
-
-Wed Nov 20 02:07:12 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compar.c (cmp_eq,cmp_gt,cmp_ge,cmp_lt,cmp_le): check using
-	  rb_cmpint().
-
-	* error.c (init_syserr): remove sys_nerr dependency.
-
-Wed Nov 20 01:52:21 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_cmp): added to satisfy Comparable assumption.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_add_method): "initialize" should be public if it is a
-	  singleton method.
-
-Tue Nov 19 22:37:23 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): avoid dereferencing if size == 0.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#360)
-
-Tue Nov 19 20:40:39 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_cmp): should return nil if an operand is not a
-	  number nor time. (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#359)
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_cmp): should return nil if an operand is not
-	  File::Stat.
-
-Tue Nov 19 14:35:09 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_zip): iterates over items in the receiver.
-	  zipped with nil if argument arrays are shorter.  if arrays are
-	  longer, left items are ignored.  now works with blocks.
-
-	* enum.c (zip_i): changed for new behavior.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_transpose): added. [new]
-
-Tue Nov 19 05:12:21 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* instruby.rb: Do not install various working files under bin/.
-
-Tue Nov 19 05:07:39 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* instruby.rb: not rewrite installed scripts when dry-run mode.
-
-	* lib/ostruct.rb (OpenStruct::initialize): should symbolize keys
-	  instead of values.
-
-Tue Nov 19 02:24:10 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* instruby.rb: Rewrite installed scripts' shebang lines.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Use File.join() where appropriate.
-
-Tue Nov 19 01:53:35 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* bin/irb: Moved from sample/irb.rb.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Install script files under bin/ with ruby's program
-	  prefix and suffix.
-
-Mon Nov 18 02:13:36 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Make this library thread safe.
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Do not pick a name which was once used and is
-	  still scheduled for removal.
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: A lock file need not and must not be scheduled
-	  for removal.
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Compare Max_try with the number of mkdir
-	  failures instead of the suffix counter.
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Overall cleanup and add some important notices.
-
-Sun Nov 17 22:57:31 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (dsym): garbage returned.  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#358)
-
-Fri Nov 15 07:40:08 2002  NAKAMURA Hiroshi  <nakahiro@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* observer.rb: raise NoMethodError instead of NameError.
-	  [ruby-dev:18788]
-
-	* ostruct.rb: ditto.  fix a bug in inspect which called String#+ with
-	  Symbol.  [ruby-dev:18788]
-
-	* profile.rb: illegal use of Array#sort!.  replaced it with non-bang
-	  method.  [ruby-dev:18792]
-
-Thu Nov 14 22:40:29 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* configure.in (LIBRUBY_A): append -static.  [ruby-dev:18689]
-
-	* configure.in (LIBRUBYARG_STATIC, LIBRUBYARG_SHARED): linker
-	  argument to link static/shared library respectively.
-
-	* Makefile.in (LIBRUBYARG_STATIC, LIBRUBYARG_SHARED): added.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub, win32/Makefile.sub: ditto.
-
-	* instruby.rb (LIBRUBY_A): install to libdir.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (link_command): link static library of ruby, or
-	  try_run fails unless LIBRUBY_SO is installed.  [ruby-dev:18646]
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): toplevel caller was missing.
-	  [ruby-dev:18754]
-
-	* eval.c (proc_to_s): adjust created line number.
-
-	* parse.y (primary, do_block, brace_block): adjust line number of
-	  block to beginning line, instead of the first statement inside
-	  the block.
-
-Thu Nov 14 08:23:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c (math_acos): check errno after operation.  ditto for
-	  asin, acosh, atanh, log, log10 and sqrt.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_add_method): initialize should always be private.
-
-	* parse.y (expr): add rescue modifier rule.
-
-	* parse.y (command_call): return, break and next with argument is
-	  now part of this rule.
-
-Wed Nov 13 16:22:38 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* configure.in (DLDFLAGS): removed -Wl,-no-undefined to
-	  ext/extmk.rb, in order to allow references to symbols in other
-	  extension libraries for mkmf.rb.  [ruby-dev:18724]
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (extmake): ditto.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (extmake): exit when make failed.
-
-Sun Nov 10 03:46:18 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb: retire contain?() and add superset?(),
-	  proper_superset?() subset?(), and proper_subset?().
-	  [obtained from: Jason Voegele's set.rb]
-
-	* lib/set.rb: define several aliases: union() for |(),
-	  difference() for -(), ande intersection() for &().
-	  [obtained from: Jason Voegele's set.rb]
-
-	* lib/set.rb: deal with a s/id/object_id/ leftover.
-
-Sat Nov  9 16:06:57 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/stubs.c: should include "util.h" for ruby_strdup.
-
-Sat Nov  9 11:39:45 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c: remove ENABLE_TRACE/DISABLE_TRACE to trace child nodes of
-	  c-call. [ruby-dev:18699]
-
-Fri Nov  8 04:16:55 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): "a" in "a /5" should be considered as a local
-	  variable. [experimental]
-
-Thu Nov  7 09:51:37 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): should enable trace for non-cfunc nodes.
-	  [ruby-dev:18645]
-
-	* eval.c (blk_orphan): a block created in a different thread is
-	  orphan.  [ruby-dev:17471]
-
-Wed Nov  6 16:57:06 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_method): do not set NOEX_CFUNC if klass is
-	  really a module, whose methods must be safe for reciever's type.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): nosuper should not be inherited unless the
-	  overwritten method is an undef placeholder.
-
-Tue Nov  5 00:46:04 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: Properly pass the given target to
-	  make(1). [pointed out by eban]
-
-Mon Nov  4 20:03:53 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* instruby.rb, lib/mkmf.rb: use CONFIG["ENABLE_SHARED"] instead of
-	  checking whether CONFIG["configure-args"] includes "--enable-shared".
-
-Mon Nov  4 16:49:14 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (primary): allow 'when'-less case statement; persuaded
-	  by Sean Chittenden.
-
-Mon Nov  4 06:28:09 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* Makefile.in, ext/extmk.rb, bcc32/Makefile.sub,
-	  win32/Makefile.sub: Introduce better command line syntax
-	  (--make/--make-flags/--extstatic) to extmk.rb and instruby.rb.
-	  Previously such command as 'make -j3 install' with pmake doesn't
-	  fail.  Formerly extmk.rb was receiving "make -j 3 -j 3" via the
-	  command line arguments and just ended up recognizing the first
-	  "3" as destdir. [with help of usa]
-
-Mon Nov  4 03:59:51 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/getopts.rb: Do not choke on characters that cannot be used
-	  in a variable name.  Replace them with `_'.  Define a hash named
-	  $OPT for convenience.
-
-Sat Nov  2 00:38:55 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): added Object#object_id, new name for
-	  Object#id. [new]
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_id_obsolete): give warning for Object#id.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_intern): added Fixnum#to_sym. [new]
-
-	* object.c (sym_to_sym): rename from Symbol#intern
-
-Fri Nov  1 14:21:06 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_zip): added Enumerable#zip. [new]
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_zip): added Array#zip.
-
-Thu Oct 31 20:10:18 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (init_syserr): remove sys_nerr dependency.
-
-Thu Oct 31 09:31:51 2002  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_export_method): undef'ed method visibility should not
-	  be changed.
-
-Wed Oct 30 17:00:47 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_public_method_defined, etc.): new methods:
-	  public_method_defined?, private_method_defined?,
-	  protected_method_defined?
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_public_methods): new method
-	  Object#public_methods.
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_i): Object#methods should list both public
-	  and protected methods.
-
-	* class.c (rb_class_public_instance_methods): new method
-	  Module#public_instance_methods.
-
-Wed Oct 30 06:29:00 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* eval.c, file.c, gc.c, io.c, object.c, ruby.c, ruby.h, struct.c,
-	  ext/socket/socket.c: differentiate long and int; use proper
-	  printf type specifiers and do casts where appropriate.
-
-Wed Oct 30 04:07:33 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (error_print, rb_longjmp, rb_thread_schedule): flush
-	  error message.  [ruby-dev:18582]
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_cleanup): added.  just clean up without exit.
-	  [ruby-dev:18582]
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_exec): added.  execute main evaluation tree without
-	  exit.  [ruby-dev:18582]
-
-	* intern.h: prototypes; ruby_cleanup, ruby_exec
-
-Tue Oct 29 02:00:08 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (extmake): use dummy_makefile to create dummy
-	  Makefile.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (find_executable0): EXEEXT is optional.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (dummy_makefile): make dummy Makefile content.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): define EXTLIB replacing -l.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb ($bccwin): detect Borland make by help message.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (CLEANINGS): common rules to clean.
-
-Mon Oct 28 01:27:17 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* djgpp/config.sed (@program_transform_name@): use `%', not `,'.
-
-Sun Oct 27 22:59:50 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb(78) : The unnecessary error when installing by bccwin32
-	                     is controlled. 
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb(773) : Also in the case of bccwin32, the path was added.
-
-Sun Oct 27 17:07:25 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* djgpp/*: sync with the latest.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb, lib/mkmf.rb: flush $stdout.
-
-	* io.c (READ_DATA_PENDING_COUNT, READ_DATA_PENDING_PTR):
-	  undef these macros on DJGPP.
-
-Sat Oct 26 10:11:47 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* node.h (nd_type): cast the value to int.
-
-Sat Oct 26 04:27:35 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c (fdbm_indexes, fdbm_select): add a missing
-	  argument and prevent coredump when a nonexistent key is
-	  specified.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/init.c (fsdbm_indexes, fsdbm_select): ditto.
-
-Sat Oct 26 03:28:43 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* eval.c, gc.c: use a common set of alloca() #ifdef's.  This fixes
-	  the build with Intel C Compiler for Linux.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): declare old_func with a real type, not
-	  just type modifiers.
-
-Fri Oct 25 02:55:01 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_m): RSTRING(str)->ptr might become NULL.
-	  [ruby-dev:18581]
-
-Thu Oct 24 21:57:02 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* configure.in (LIBPATHFLAG): avoid $ substitution.
-	  [ruby-dev:18577]
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (extmake): expand $srcdir.
-
-	* ext/win32ole/extconf.rb: should not override $CFLAGS, but
-	  append.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (config_string): use given config hash.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub (.rc.res): directory part may be empty in
-	  Borland make.
-
-Thu Oct 24 03:38:07 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): site-install target for backward
-	  compatibility.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (init_mkmf): libdir prior to topdir.
-
-	* configure.in (LIBPATHFLAG): should escape $.  [ruby-dev:18572]
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: never substute escaped $$.
-
-	* instruby.rb: not install LIBRUBY_SO unless enable-shared.
-	  [ruby-dev:18569]
-
-Wed Oct 23 19:16:06 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): added NODE_DSYM, symbol literal with
-	  interpolation.
-
-	* node.h: ditto.
-
-	* intern.h: prototypes; rb_is_junk_id, rb_str_dump, rb_str_intern
-
-	* object.c (sym_inspect): escape and quote for non-alphanumeric
-	  symbols.
-
-	* parse.y (dsym, tokadd_string, yylex): extended symbol literals.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_is_junk_id): added.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dump, rb_str_intern) : make extern.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): deffile should be removed by
-	  distclean, not clean.
-
-Tue Oct 22 23:56:41 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (init_mkmf): add dir_config("opt").
-
-Tue Oct 22 19:44:03 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* bcc32/configure.bat : The command line when calling setup.mak is 
-	                        corrected. 
-
-	* bcc32/readme.bcc32 : It follows up about the option of configure.bat.
-
-Tue Oct 22 15:23:19 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* instruby.rb: add dryrun mode.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (extmake): add install: target to dummy Makefile.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (extmake): avoid Borland make's quirk behavior.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (link_command): opt is not a makefile macro.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub ($(LIBRUBY_SO) $(LIBRUBY)): EXTOBJS were not
-	  linked.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub (ext/extinit.obj): missing.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub (TRY_LINK): options have to place before any
-	  non-option arguments.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (TRY_LINK): need -link and -libpath options.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub, win32/Makefile.sub (RANLIB): logical
-	  operator never work with command.com.
-
-Tue Oct 22 00:59:59 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_CPPOUTFILE): fix cache file bug.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (link_command): put 'opt' after conftest.c for
-	  static linking.
-
-Mon Oct 21 22:53:02 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* configure.in (XCFLAGS): CFLAGS to comile ruby itself.
-
-	* configure.in (LIBEXT): suffix for static libraries.
-
-	* configure.in (LIBPATHFLAG): switch template to specify library
-	  path.
-
-	* configure.in (LINK_SO): command to link shared objects.
-
-	* configure.in (DEFFILE, ARCHFILE): miscellaneous system dependent
-	  files.
-
-	* configure.in (EXPORT_PREFIX): prefix to exported symbols on
-	  Windows.
-
-	* configure.in (COMMON_LIBS, COMMON_MACROS, COMMON_HEADERS):
-	  libraries, macros and headers used in common.
-
-	* configure.in (RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME, rubyw_install_name): GUI mode
-	  excutable name.
-
-	* Makefile.in (CFLAGS): append XCFLAGS.
-
-	* Makefile.in (PREP): miscellaneous system dependent files.
-
-	* Makefile.in (ruby.imp, ext/extinit.o): moved from ext/extmk.rb.
-
-	* Makefile.in (fake.rb): CROSS_COMPILING keeps building platform.
-
-	* Makefile.in (MAKEFILES): depend on *.in and config.status.
-
-	* Makefile.in (parse.c): replace "y.tab.c" with actual name for
-	  byacc.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb, lib/mkmf.rb: integrated.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: propagate MFLAGS.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (extmake): make dummy Makefile to clean even if no
-	  Makefile is made.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (older): accept multiple file names and Time
-	  objects.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (xsystem): split and qoute.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (cpp_include): make include directives.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_func): try wheather specified function is
-	  available.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (install_files): default to site-install.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (checking_for): added.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (find_executable0): just find executable file with
-	  no message.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_header): output header file is variable.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): separate sections.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (init_mkmf): initialize global variables.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub, bcc32/Makefile.sub (CPP, AR): added.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub (ARCH): fixed to i386.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub, bcc32/Makefile.sub (miniruby): should not
-	  link EXTOBJS.
-
-	* ext/dl/extconf.rb: use try_cpp to cross compile.
-
-	* ext/dl/extconf.rb: not modify files in source directory.
-
-Fri Oct 18 23:11:21 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (value_expr0): allow return/break/next/redo/retry in rhs
-	  of logical operator.  [ruby-dev:18534]
-
-	* parse.y (remove_begin): eliminate useless NODE_BEGIN.
-	  [ruby-dev:18535]
-
-Fri Oct 18 01:02:44 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* hash.c, eval.c: Use (*_NSGetEnviron()) instead of environ on
-	  Darwin for namespace cleanness.  [ruby-core:00537]
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): Fix Darwin support that has been disabled and
-	  switch to using it on Darwin instead of the system dlopen().
-	  [ruby-core:00541]
-
-Thu Oct 17 19:17:56 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_byten): added; write n bytes from s to arg.
-
-	* marshal.c (dump): flush buffered data.
-
-	* marshal.c (marshal_dump, r_byte, r_bytes0, marshal_load): unify
-	  marshaling I/O.  [ruby-talk:53368]
-
-Thu Oct 17 12:58:24 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb: stat.blksize might be 0/nil.
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb: change coding style.
-
-Wed Oct 16 22:35:53 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): disallow mixed usage of numbered and
-	  unnumbered arguments.  [ruby-dev:18531]
-	  get rid of memory leak at exception.  [ruby-core:00460]
-
-Wed Oct 16 13:36:29 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_global_entry): not add global entry until
-	  initialized to avoid accessing it while GC.  [ruby-dev:18514]
-
-	* variable.c (rb_alias_variable): ditto.
-
-Wed Oct 16 01:03:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_str_to_dbl): RString ptr might be NULL.
-
-	* object.c (rb_cstr_to_dbl): p pointer might be NULL.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_str_to_inum): RString ptr might be NULL.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr_to_inum): str pointer might be NULL.
-
-Sat Oct 12 23:44:11 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_putc): wrong condition to fill or flush on
-	  bccwin32.  [ruby-win32:408]
-
-Fri Oct 11 15:58:06 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): rescue modifier is now an operator with
-	  precedence right below assignments. i.e. "a = b rescue c" now
-	  parsed as "a = (b rescue c)", not as "(a = b) rescue c". [new]
-	  [experimental]
-
-Fri Oct 11 06:05:30 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_fclose, rb_w32_close): use closesocket()
-	  for socket.  [ruby-win32:382]
-
-	* win32/win32.c (StartSockets): set NtSocketsInitialized.
-
-	* win32/win32.h: prototypes; rb_w32_fclose, rb_w32_close
-
-Fri Oct 11 00:24:57 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* gc.c (ruby_xmalloc, ruby_xrealloc): restrict total allocation
-	  size according to memories consumed by live objects.
-	  [ruby-dev:18482]
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): estimate how live objects consume memories.
-
-Thu Oct 10 17:26:12 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/stubs.c (ruby_tcltk_stubs): fix memory leak.
-	  [ruby-dev:18478]
-
-Thu Oct 10 15:20:18 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/weakref.rb (WeakRef::@@final): use Hash#delete.
-
-	* lib/weakref.rb (WeakRef::__getobj__): examin if alive or not by
-	  ID_REV_MAP to deal with recycled object.  [ruby-dev:18472]
-
-	* lib/weakref.rb (WeakRef::weakref_alive?): ditto.
-
-Wed Oct  9 07:11:25 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): also adjust heaps_limits when free unused heap
-	  page.  [ruby-core:00526]
-
-	* io.c (io_fflush): condition to retry can occur.
-
-	* io.c (io_write): returned 0 wrongly if no error occurred.
-
-Tue Oct  8 14:19:07 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* io.c (io_write): must check returned value from fwrite() before
-	  test with ferror().  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#350)
-
-Tue Oct  8 10:55:23 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/prettyprint.rb (PrettyPrint.singleline_format): new method.
-
-Mon Oct  7 16:43:07 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): bignum zero's len should not be 0.
-
-Mon Oct  7 15:36:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivmod): wrong condition check for Bignum zero.
-
-	* bignum.c (Init_Bignum): need to add Bignum#div.
-
-Sun Oct  6 00:49:15 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): should not pass blocks to the loaded file.
-	  [ruby-dev:18458]
-
-Fri Oct  4 20:25:38 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_interrupt, rb_thread_signal_raise): no need to
-	  save dead thread context. (same as [ruby-dev:18322])
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#349)
-
-Fri Oct  4 13:05:58 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_PROG_GNU_LD): check whether the linker is GNU ld.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (create_makefile): add -Wl,-no-undefined to $DLDFLAGS
-	  on Linux if GNU ld is used and --enable-shared is specified.
-
-Fri Oct  4 02:21:16 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_rshift): num should be initialized by carry
-	  bits if x is negative.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivmod): len for bignum zero is 1, not 0.
-
-Thu Oct  3 20:22:11 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* bcc32/mkexports.rb: to work on cygwin via telnet.
-	  [ruby-win32:358]
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (ip_invoke): requires command name
-	  argument.  [ruby-dev:18438]
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_init, ruby_options): Init_stack() with local
-	  location.  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#277)
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): disable trace call.  [ruby-dev:18074]
-
-	* eval.c (eval, rb_load): enable trace call.  [ruby-dev:18074]
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): set source file name for extension
-	  libraries.  [ruby-dev:18445]
-
-	* gc.c (Init_stack): prefer address of argument rather than local
-	  variable to initialize rb_gc_stack_start.
-
-	* ruby.c (translate_char): translate a character in a string;
-	  DOSISH only.  [ruby-dev:18274]
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_init_loadpath): added argv[0] handling under
-	  Human68K.  [ruby-dev:18274]
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): translate directory separator in $0 to
-	  '/'.  [ruby-dev:18274]
-
-Thu Oct  3 00:27:26 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/delegate.rb (Delegator::initialize): use Object#class
-	  instead of deprecated Object#type.
-
-Wed Oct  2 23:32:48 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_CHECK_IO_NEED_FLUSH): check whether fflush()
-	  is needed.
-
-	* io.c (flush_before_seek): flush before seek if buffered data
-	  may remain.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_check_readable): flush if the last operation was
-	  write.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_check_writable): flush if the last operation was
-	  read.
-
-	* rubyio.h (FMODE_RBUF): added.
-
-Wed Oct  2 23:09:20 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_wait_readable): handle retryable errors.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_wait_writable): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_send): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_recvfrom): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_accept): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (udp_send): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c (afdl): made private structures constant.
-
-	* rubyio.h: prototype; rb_io_wait_readable(), rb_io_wait_writable().
-
-Wed Oct  2 13:03:58 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: set ac_cv_func_setitimer to "no" on Cygwin.
-
-Wed Oct  2 10:59:29 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): free unused heap page to reduce process size if
-	  possible.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_type): deprecated Object#type; use Object#class.
-
-Tue Oct  1 23:48:32 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (init_sock): no need for special finalizer,
-	  socket descriptor is no longer duplicated in 1.7.
-	  [ruby-talk:50732]
-
-	* win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h (rb_w32_fddup, rb_w32_fdclose):
-	  delete.
-
-Mon Sep 30 20:29:10 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_inspect): not need to raise IOError for closed
-	  stream.  [ruby-talk:51871]
-
-Mon Sep 30 03:48:15 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_check): need no Fixnum check.
-
-Sun Sep 29 18:30:24 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_open_osfhandle): adjust
-	  rb_w32_open_osfhandle() with _open_osfhandle().
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_accept, rb_w32_socket): return -1 on
-	  error.
-
-	* win32/win32.h: should use file descriptor instead of SOCKET.
-
-Sun Sep 29 06:33:03 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (is_socket, rb_w32_select, rb_w32_accept, rb_w32_bind,
-	  rb_w32_connect, rb_w32_getpeername, rb_w32_getsockname,
-	  rb_w32_getsockopt, rb_w32_ioctlsocket, rb_w32_listen, rb_w32_recv,
-	  rb_w32_recvfrom, rb_w32_send, rb_w32_sendto, rb_w32_setsockopt,
-	  rb_w32_shutdown, rb_w32_socket, rb_w32_gethostbyaddr,
-	  rb_w32_gethostbyname, rb_w32_gethostname, rb_w32_getprotobyname,
-	  rb_w32_getprotobynumber, rb_w32_getservbyname, rb_w32_getservbyport):
-	  need to protect WSAGetLastError() by RUBY_CRITICAL. [ruby-talk:51778]
-
-Sat Sep 28 20:06:36 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* keywords: add braces around initializers.
-
-Sat Sep 28 13:19:29 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_become): should check self-assignment after
-	  conversion.
-
-Sat Sep 28 10:40:44 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_become): Hash#become should check added
-	  self-assignment.
-
-	* class.c (rb_make_metaclass): metaclass of a superclass may be
-	  NULL at boot time.
-
-Sat Sep 28 09:50:03 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: The condition judgment without necessity was deleted.
-
-Fri Sep 27 18:40:42 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_deadlock): more verbose message at deadlock.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): ditto.
-
-Fri Sep 27 13:24:35 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): Class#inherited should be called after the
-	  execution of the class body.
-
-Fri Sep 27 02:41:53 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/sha1: Use OpenSSL's SHA1 engine if available.  It is
-	  much faster than what we have now (sha1.[ch]).  Add a knob
-	  (--with-bundled-sha1) to extconf.rb which makes it use the
-	  bundled one anyway.
-
-Fri Sep 27 02:25:14 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/rmd160: Use OpenSSL's RMD160 engine if available.  It
-	  is much faster than what we have now (rmd160.[ch]).  Add a knob
-	  (--with-bundled-rmd160) to extconf.rb which makes it use the
-	  bundled one anyway.
-
-Fri Sep 27 01:23:39 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/md5: Use OpenSSL's MD5 engine if available.  It is
-	  much faster than what we have now (md5.[ch]).  Add a knob
-	  (--with-bundled-md5) to extconf.rb which makes it use the
-	  bundled one anyway.
-
-Thu Sep 26 22:44:21 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/digest.c (rb_digest_base_s_digest): Fix a double
-	  free() bug mingled with allocation framework deployment.
-
-	* ext/digest/digest.c (rb_digest_base_s_hexdigest): Get rid of
-	  redundant struct allocation.
-
-Thu Sep 26 09:52:52 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (primary): remove "return outside of method" check at
-	  compile time.
-
-Wed Sep 25 23:51:29 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): must not closedir() when exception raised
-	  while globbing "**".
-
-	* marshal.c (w_uclass): unused variable.
-
-	* re.c (match_clone): unused.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): get rid of implicit promotion from
-	  plain char to int.
-
-Wed Sep 25 17:46:46 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (libpathflag): restore ENV['LIB'] when some error occured.
-
-Wed Sep 25 16:14:51 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): p1 may exceed pend limit.
-
-Mon Sep 23 23:22:43 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): must not clear ruby_current_node, or
-	  backtrace cannot be genetated.
-
-	* intern.h (ruby_yyparse): rather than yyparse().
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): nextc() returns -1 at end of input, not 0.
-
-	* parse.y (newline_node): reduce duplicated newline node.
-
-	* parse.y (literal_concat): get rid of warning.
-
-	* parse.y (new_evstr): fixed junk code.
-
-Mon Sep 23 19:57:52 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_MINGW32): new macro. check for the MinGW
-	  compiler envionment.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: refactoring.
-
-Mon Sep 23 08:27:11 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* io.c (appendline): forget to terminate with nul.
-
-Mon Sep 23 02:46:29 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): should set toplevel visibility again here. 
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should not rely on ruby_class == rb_cObject
-	  check.   Besides allow implicit publicity for attribute set
-	  methods.
-
-	* parse.y (primary): need not to check class_nest, just set
-	  whether method is an attrset or not.
-
-Sun Sep 22 21:49:42 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): should not call trace function while
-	  compilation.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): also inside c-func.
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.c (require_libraries): preserve source file/line for each
-	  require.
-
-Sun Sep 22 17:08:11 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-	
-	* string.c (rb_str_each_line): p might be at the top of the
-	  string.
-
-Sat Sep 21 23:28:28 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_make_metaclass): class of metaclass should be
-	  metaclass of superclass, unless class itself is a metaclass;
-	  class of metaclass of metaclass should point back to self.
-	  eh, confusing, isn't it.
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class): check if its class is singleton
-	  AND attached to self.
-
-Sat Sep 21 22:23:41 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_raise): no need to save dead thread context.
-	  [ruby-dev:18322]
-
-Fri Sep 20 23:02:01 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (block_append): eliminate unused literal nodes.
-
-	* parse.y (literal_concat): refined literal concatination.
-
-Fri Sep 20 19:43:40 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb: Merge rough/lib/set.rb rev.1.5-1.15.
-
-Wed Sep 18 12:41:16 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should define class/module under ruby_cbase.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should set class/module path based on
-	  ruby_cbase, not ruby_class.
-
-	* eval.c (module_setup): use ruby_cbase instead of ruby_class.
-
-Tue Sep 17 21:06:04 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_die): put thread dead state.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_atfork): free stack buffer at fork too.
-
-Tue Sep 17 01:13:31 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_nesting): load wrapping module should appear in
-	  Module#nesting list. (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#328)
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_remove): free stack buffer on remove.
-
-Tue Sep 17 00:58:35 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* io.c: add parameter prototype.
-
-	* re.c: ditto.
-
-Sun Sep 15 21:14:22 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_opendir, rb_w32_stat): Corresponds to
-	  the unjust path containing ".
-
-Sun Sep 15 19:48:55 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (OUTFLAG, CPPOUTFILE): moved from lib/mkmf.rb.
-	  check whether ${CPP} accepts the -o option.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (OUTFLAG, CPPOUTFILE): ditto.
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub (OUTFLAG, CPPOUTFILE): ditto.
-
-	* djgpp/config.sed (OUTFLAG, CPPOUTFILE): ditto.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (OUTFLAG, CPPOUTFILE): use CONFIG.
-	  make easy to understand log.
-
-	* mkconfig.rb (val): should not strip.
-
-Sat Sep 14 20:13:42 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* error.c(rb_sys_fail): remove case EPIPE on bcc32 .
-
-Fri Sep 13 23:39:49 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_func_caller): add prototype to get rid of warning.
-
-Fri Sep 13 18:35:12 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): avoid uninitialized global/class variable
-	  warnings at `||='.  [ruby-dev:18278]
-
-	* parse.y (stmt, arg): ditto
-
-Fri Sep 13 13:28:04 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb ($INSTALLFILES): avoid warning when $VERBOSE mode.
-
-Thu Sep 12 23:20:10 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* bcc32/setup.mak    : Control of a message.
-
-	* bcc32/makefile.sub : include resource.
-
-Thu Sep 12 18:10:03 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): fixed freeing buffer.  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#332)
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): should pass matched path.  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#333)
-
-Thu Sep 12 00:09:32 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_trap_eval): preserve thread status and so on.
-	  [ruby-talk:40337], [ruby-core:00019]
-
-Wed Sep 11 21:25:52 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* pp.rb (ARGF.pretty_print): implemented.
-	  (PP.pp): arguments reordered.
-
-Wed Sep 11 18:55:38 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_to_s): refined format.  [ruby-dev:18215]
-
-Wed Sep 11 17:47:17 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h (rb_w32_getpid): negate pid under Win9x.
-	  [ruby-dev:18262]
-
-Wed Sep 11 12:58:57 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* string.c (get_pat): Add an extra argument "quote".
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_match_m): Do not bother to convert if a regexp
-	  is given.
-
-Wed Sep 11 11:33:40 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub: remove unnecessary `.dll' from filename of 
-	  dll's resource file.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in: ditto. [ruby-dev:17103]
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: ditto. [ruby-dev:17103]
-
-	* win32/resource.rb: ditto. [ruby-dev:17103]
-
-Wed Sep 11 09:59:46 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_wait_readable): added.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_wait_writable): added.
-
-	* io.c (io_read_retryable): added.
-
-	* io.c (io_write): retry on EINTR, ERESTART and EWOULDBLOCK.
-	  [ruby-dev:17855], [ruby-dev:17878], [ruby-core:00444]
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fread): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (read_all): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (appendline): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_each_byte): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_getc): ditto.
-
-Wed Sep 11 09:29:24 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (ext): make directory `ext' on compile dir.
-	  [ruby-dev:18255]
-
-Wed Sep 11 00:41:10 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): initialize orig_func too.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#330)
-
-Wed Sep 11 00:01:32 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): prevent memory leak using rb_protect().
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_associate): no need to check freeze flag.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_resize): should honor STR_ASSOC flag on
-	  resize.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_resize): proper STR_ASSOC handling.  pointed
-	  out by Michal Rokos.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_cat): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_cat): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_append): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_append): ditto.
-
-Tue Sep 10 23:35:46 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): restore line number after here documents.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#331)
-
-	* parse.y (heredoc_restore): ditto.
-
-Tue Sep 10 18:26:52 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb, lib/mkmf.rb ($INCFLAGS): new var for -I$(topdir).
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: add #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN to improve compile
-	  times.
-
-Tue Sep 10 17:16:14 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (miniruby): shouldn't link $(EXTOBJS).
-	  [ruby-dev:17059]
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub ($(LIBRUBY_A), $(LIBRUBY)): avoid lib.exe's
-	  warning. [ruby-dev:17059]
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: remove unnecessary rules. [ruby-dev:17059]
-
-	* win32/configure.bat, win32/setup.mak, win32/README.win32: enable to
-	  pass some arguments to configure. [ruby-dev:17059]
-
-Mon Sep  9 23:43:33 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.h (S_I?USR): define only if not mingw32.
-
-Mon Sep  9 11:21:04 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_set_string): reinitialize
-	  properly.
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_become): added self-assign check
-	  and experimental auto-conversion to StringIO.
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_reopen): added.
-
-
-Sun Sep  8 21:29:25 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_free): prototype; struct time_object -> void *.
-	  avoid GCC warnings.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb, ext/extmk.rb ($LINK, $CPP): move to lib/mkmf.rb.
-
-Sun Sep  8 19:02:28 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c: prototype; time_free() to avoid VC++ warnings.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c: prototype; invoke_queue_handler() to avoid
-	  VC++ warning.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_stat): remove S_IWGRP and S_IWOTH bits from
-	  st_mode.
-
-	* win32/win32.h (S_I*): define if not defined.
-
-Sun Sep  8 14:38:31 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: modify program_prefix only if specified
-	  --program-prefix.
-
-	* configure.in: don't generate ext/extmk.rb.
-
-	* Makefile.in: execute directly $(srcdir)/ext/extmk.rb.
-	  remove -Cext option, "Dir::chdir 'ext'" in ext/extmk.rb.
-
-	* {win32,bccwin32}/Makefile.sub: ditto.
-
-	* instruby.rb: ditto.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: renamed from ext/extmk.rb.in.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (module Logging): create log files (mkmf.log)
-	  in each extension module directories.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (macro_defined?): new method.
-
-	* ext/.cvsignore: remove extmk.rb.
-
-	* ext/*/.cvsignore: add "*.def".
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (have_struct_member): moved from ext/socket/extconf.rb.
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: use macro_defined? instead of egrep_cpp.
-
-	* ext/etc/extconf.rb: use have_struct_member.
-
-	* ext/etc/etc.c: add prefix HAVE_ST_ to PW_ macros.
-
-Sun Sep  8 14:36:40 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* bcc32/configure.bat : Control of a message.
-	* bcc32/makefile.sub  : @(sitearch) typo.
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in     : [bccwin32] libdir is added to a library path.
-	* lib/mkmf.rb         : ditto.
-
-Sat Sep  7 23:32:56 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/inf-ruby.el (inferior-ruby-error-regexp-alist): regexp
-	  alist for error message from ruby.
-
-	* misc/inf-ruby.el (inferior-ruby-mode): fixed for Emacs.
-
-	* misc/inf-ruby.el (ruby-send-region): compilation-parse-errors
-	  doesn't parse first line, so insert separators before each
-	  evaluations.
-
-Sat Sep  7 19:46:57 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb: Disallow Set.new(false).  Add even more tests.
-	  [Submitted by: "Christoph" <chr_news@gmx.net>]
-
-Sat Sep  7 19:23:56 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb: Fix a bug in flatten()'s recursive set detection.
-	  [Submitted by: "Christoph" <chr_news@gmx.net>]  Some tests
-	  against the bug are added.
-
-	* lib/set.rb: Resurrect the test suite by putting it after
-	  __END__ and executing `eval DATA.read'.
-
-Sat Sep  7 08:41:39 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_gc_mark_parser): ruby_eval_tree is marked in eval.c.
-
-Fri Sep  6 20:01:38 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb ($CC): command to compile C source.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (logging): added.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_compile): added.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (egrep_cpp): use internal grep when pattern is
-	  Regexp, otherwise use external egrep command but get rid of
-	  pipe of command.com.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (have_func): local variable should be volatile not
-	  to be eliminated by optimization.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): link with CONFIG["LIBS"].
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): emit .SUFFIXES:.
-
-Fri Sep  6 12:11:22 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_gc_mark_parser): should mark ALL global variables
-	  defined in parse.y.
-
-Fri Sep  6 01:15:23 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (ruby_xmalloc): remove MALLOC_LIMIT to avoid frequent
-	  garabage collection.
-
-Fri Sep  6 11:47:37 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_gc_mark_parser): should mark global variables
-	  defined in parse.y.
-
-Fri Sep  6 10:34:32 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_puts): RSTRING(line)->ptr might be NULL.
-
-Fri Sep  6 10:26:37 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y: should not put non-NODE-VALUEs in the semantic stack.
-
-Fri Sep  6 05:48:26 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* file.c (rb_path_check): nothing to check under DOSISH.
-	  [ruby-list:35772]
-
-Fri Sep  6 05:03:50 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): should mark parser.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_gc_mark_parser): new function.
-
-	* intern.h (rb_gc_mark_parser): added.
-
-Thu Sep  5 18:32:32 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_path2class): should not use rb_eval_string().
-
-Thu Sep  5 17:18:22 2002  Michal Rokos  <michal@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln.c: fix memory leak in dln_load (ruby-core:405) and 
-	  in load_1 (ruby-core:407)
-
-Thu Sep  5 15:43:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_extended): should allow marshaling of object which
-	  is extended by named module.
-
-	* class.c (rb_make_metaclass): super may be T_ICLASS, need to skip.
-
-Thu Sep  5 13:09:22 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): overriding false constant with class/module
-	  definition should be error.  (PR#327)
-
-Thu Sep  5 01:24:26 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* extmk.rb (create_makefile): add macro MAKEDIRS, INSTALL_PROG,
-	  INSTALL_DATA.
-
-	* extmk.rb (create_makefile): support for building to any directory.
-
-	* extmk.rb (xsystem): move to mkmf.rb.
-
-	* mkmf.rb (xsystem): support for extmk.rb
-
-	* mkmf.rb ($CPP): remove '-E' option.  add CPPFLAGS.
-
-Wed Sep  4 16:15:17 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb: ==(o) should be aware of all the Set variant
-	  instances, not just those of its subclasses. [Submitted by:
-	  "Christoph" <chr_news@gmx.net>]
-
-	* lib/set.rb: - Fix eql?(). [ditto]
-
-Wed Sep  4 15:23:23 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_make_metaclass): obj.meta.super.meta should be equal
-	  to obj.meta.meta.super (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#324).
-
-Wed Sep  4 05:10:16 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): the warning message "invalid
-          character syntax" was never issued (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#323).
-
-Wed Sep  4 01:08:45 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_bytes): do not use alloca (ruby-bugs:PR#382).
-
-Tue Sep  3 17:12:59 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* extmk.rb: require mkmf.rb.  remove duplicate methods.
-	  use Config::CONFIG["FOO"] instead of @FOO@.
-
-	* mkmf.rb: support for extmk.rb.
-
-Mon Sep  2 23:01:50 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): MatchData must be rb_cMatch.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#319)
-
-Mon Sep  2 21:21:46 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): does reclaim nodes in also compile time, if we
-	  can.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): omit GC if we can.
-
-	* parse.y (ruby_parser_stack_on_heap): new function.
-
-	* intern.h (ruby_parser_stack_on_heap): added.
-
-Mon Sep  2 18:45:07 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_copy_generic_ivar): remove old generic instance
-	  variable table if it existes.
-
-Sun Sep  1 15:54:33 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* config.guess: fixed for Linux/PPC.
-
-Sat Aug 31 09:38:12 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_make_metaclass): metaclass of a metaclass is a
-	  metaclass itself.
-
-Fri Aug 30 22:45:16 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb: Added.
-
-Fri Aug 30 20:58:54 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_Call): typo.
-
-Fri Aug 30 19:45:52 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_assign): st_delete() takes pointer to key.
-
-Fri Aug 30 19:40:28 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_Call): RSTRING()->ptr may be
-	  NULL.
-
-	* ext/nkf/nkf.c (rb_nkf_guess): ditto.
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c (readline_s_set_completion_append_character):
-	  ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_getaddrinfo, sock_s_getnameinfo):
-	  ditto.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (ip_toUTF8, ip_fromUTF8): ditto.
-
-Fri Aug 30 01:32:17 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class): superclass of a metaclass
-	  should be a metaclass of superclass.
-
-	* range.c (range_eq): two instances must belong to a same class to
-	  be equal.
-
-	* range.c (range_eql): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_taint_check): frozen check added.
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_become): frozen check added.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_become): ditto.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_become): ditto.
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_become): ditto.
-
-	* time.c (time_become): ditto.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_become): should call rb_ary_modify().
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_become): should call rb_hash_modify().
-
-	* compar.c (cmp_equal): should not use NUM2LONG(), since <=> may
-	  return bignum.
-
-	* compar.c (cmp_gt, cmp_ge, cmp_lt, cmp_le, cmp_between): ditto.
-
-Thu Aug 29 23:34:42 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* bcc32/MakeFile.sub (sitearch): add.
-
-Thu Aug 29 13:36:42 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (read_all): should use off_t instead of long.
-
-Thu Aug 29 00:55:55 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): yield loaded objects, not intermediates.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#296)
-
-Thu Aug 29 00:06:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_become): should not free ptr if it's shared.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_alias): prohibit making an alias named "allocate" if
-	  klass is a metaclass.
-
-Wed Aug 28 23:59:15 2002  Michal Rokos  <michal@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* signal.c: remove #ifdef SIGINT for struct signals.
-
-	* variable.c: get rid of fix length buffer in rb_class_path.
-
-Wed Aug 28 23:34:32 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* io.c (appendline): data was lost when raw mode.
-
-Wed Aug 28 22:57:34 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_string_value_ptr): StringValuePtr() should never
-	  return NULL pointer.
-
-Wed Aug 28 19:12:46 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_initialize): RSTRING(mode)->ptr
-	  can be NULL.
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_ungetc): fix buffer overflow.
-
-Wed Aug 28 18:19:55 2002  Michal Rokos  <michal@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c: fix memory leak in rb_stat_init.
-
-Wed Aug 28 17:45:03 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (kill): negate pid under Win9x.
-
-Wed Aug 28 16:36:40 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (ar): don't check ar twice.
-
-Wed Aug 28 15:00:29 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_delete_bang): should check if str->ptr is 0.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_squeeze_bang): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_count): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_lstrip_bang): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rstrip_bang): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_intern): ditto.
-
-Wed Aug 28 11:37:35 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.h: define SIGINT and SIGKILL if not defined.
-
-	* win32/win32.c: remove definition of SIGINT and SIGKILL.
-
-Tue Aug 27 19:50:27 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ruby.c (require_libraries): prevent ruby_sorcefile from GC.
-
-Tue Aug 27 15:03:35 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file): $LOAD_PATH must not be empty.
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file_ext): ditto.
-
-Tue Aug 27 02:35:21 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_eq): class check should be based on range.class,
-	  instead of Range to work with Range.dup.
-
-	* range.c (range_eql): ditto.
-
-Mon Aug 26 18:17:56 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_mod_dup): need to preserve metaclass and flags.
-
-Mon Aug 26 10:44:18 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_cstr_to_dbl): had a buffer overrun.
-
-Sun Aug 25 20:10:32 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb (CGI#form): fix ruby-bugs-ja:PR#280, add default action.
-
-Sat Aug 24 15:32:16 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): restore source file/line, as trace
-	  function installed in required library with -r option can be
-	  called while parsing.  (ruby-bugs:PR#372)
-
-	* eval.c (module_setup): unused variable.  [ruby-core:00358]
-
-Sat Aug 24 14:59:02 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_class): integrate singleton check into a funciton
-	  to follow DRY principle.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_uclass): should check singleton method.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dup): dmark and dfree functions must be match
-	  for T_DATA type.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dup): class of the duped object must be match
-	  to the class of the original.
-
-Sat Aug 24 13:57:28 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/time.rb (Time.rfc2822, Time#rfc2822): preserve localtimeness.
-
-	* lib/pp.rb: pretty_print_cycled is renamed to pretty_print_cycle.
-
-Fri Aug 23 23:59:57 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (method_call): check receiver is defined.
-
-	* eval.c (umethod_call): removed.
-
-Fri Aug 23 23:39:17 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_quote): do not escape \t, \f, \r, \n, for they are
-	  not regular expression metacharacters.
-
-	* time.c (time_s_alloc): use time_free instead of free (null check,
-	  also serves for type mark).
-
-	* time.c (time_s_at): check dfree function too.
-
-Fri Aug 23 17:06:48 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: RUBY_SO_NAME is msvcrt-rubyXX on mswin32/mingw32.
-
-	* configure.in (sitearch): new var.
-
-	* mkconfig.rb, lib/mkmf.rb (sitearch): ditto.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub, win32/setup.mak (sitearch): ditto.
-
-	* instruby.rb: ditto.
-
-Wed Aug 21 16:53:00 2002  Michal Rokos  <michal@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* *.c: int, long types cleanup.
-
-	* parse.y: ditto.
-
-	* re.h, regex.h, ruby.h: ditto.
-
-Wed Aug 21 16:43:19 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_cleanup): should not modify the global
-	  variable curr_thread.
-
-Wed Aug 21 16:14:26 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: set ac_cv_func__setjmp to "no" on Cygwin.
-
-	* configure.in: set ac_cv_func_crypt to "no" on MinGW.
-
-Tue Aug 20 21:47 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa  <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c          (rb_io_fread): remove case EPIPE on bcc32 .
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_getc): clear EPIPE error on bcc32.
-
-Tue Aug 20 19:39:03 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): accept drive letter on Cygwin.
-
-	* file.c (is_absolute_path): ditto.
-
-Tue Aug 20 12:12:25 2002  Tietew <tietew@tietew.net>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_putc): output via rb_io_write().
-
-Mon Aug 19 19:01:55 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/inf-ruby.el (inf-ruby-keys): ruby-send-definition
-	  conflicted with ruby-insert-end.
-
-	* misc/inf-ruby.el (inferior-ruby-mode): compilation-minor-mode.
-
-	* misc/inf-ruby.el (ruby-send-region): send as here document to
-	  adjust source file/line.  [ruby-talk:47113], [ruby-dev:17965]
-
-	* misc/inf-ruby.el (ruby-send-terminator): added to make unique
-	  terminator.
-
-Mon Aug 19 17:08:19 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_initialize_m): frozen check should be moved here
-	  from rb_reg_initialize().
-
-Mon Aug 19 15:38:44 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (sort_2): comparison should be done as signed long.
-
-	* array.c (sort_2): should return int, not VALUE.
-
-Mon Aug 19 12:38:33 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_save_context, rb_thread_restore_context):
-	  save/restore SEH chain on MS-Windows at thread switch.
-	  [ruby-win32:273]
-
-	* eval.c (win32_get_exception_list, win32_set_exception_list):
-	  added.
-
-Sat Aug 17 23:01:25 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (sort_2): *a - *b may overflow.
-
-Sat Aug 17 00:25:08 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (ary_new): len*sizeof(VALUE) may be a positive value.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_initialize): ditto.
-
-Fri Aug 16 15:58:16 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (NOFILE): define NOFILE as 64 if not defined.
-
-	* signal.c (sighandler_t): rename to sh_t on dietlibc.
-
-Fri Aug 16 15:37:04 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr_to_inum): new decimal and octal string.
-
-Fri Aug 16 13:17:11 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_class_allocate_instance): move singleton class
-	  check from rb_obj_alloc().
-
-Fri Aug 16 11:47:24 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fread): renamed from io_fread and made extern.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_bytes0): check if successfully read, use
-	  rb_io_fread() instead of fread() to be preemptive.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#294, 295)
-
-	* rubyio.h (rb_io_fread): added.
-
-Fri Aug 16 07:57:26 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (compile_error): must not clear ruby_sourcefile here.
-	  (ruby-bugs:PR#364).
-
-	* eval.c (rb_longjmp): set ruby_sourcefile before making
-	  backtrace.
-
-Thu Aug 15 20:38:58 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_current_node) : added to set sourceline on demand.
-
-	* eval.c (error_pos, error_print, rb_longjmp, assign): set source
-	  file/line.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): store current node instead of file/line, and
-	  preserve it at return.
-
-	* eval.c (module_setup): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (struct thread): store node instead of file/line.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_raise): ditto.
-
-	* intern.h (ruby_current_node): added.
-
-	* intern.h (ruby_set_current_source): added.
-
-	* parse.y (stmt, arg): not fix position of assignment.
-
-	* parse.y (node_assign): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): clear current node.
-
-Thu Aug 15 00:48:46 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_initialize): should not modify frozen Regexp.
-
-Tue Aug 13 18:33:18 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (ip_init): allocation framework.
-
-Tue Aug 13 15:32:14 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_replace): should copy ifnone.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_dup): should preserve HASH_PROC_DEFAULT and
-	  HASH_DELETED flags.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_shift): shift from empty hash should not return
-	  its default proc.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_default_proc): new method. [new]
-
-Tue Aug 13 00:37:11 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_aref): no need for Bignum check.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_aset): explicit Bignum check removd.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_aref): normalize bignum before bit-op.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_rand): max may be Bignum zero.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr_to_inum): should normalize bignums, to avoid
-	  returning fixable bignum value.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_uint2big): there should be no zero sized bignum.
-
-Mon Aug 12 23:45:28 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: extmake() that works properly for both tkutil
-	  (tk/tkutil.so) and digest/sha1.
-
-Mon Aug 12 22:29:35 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (set_arg0): Correct the position of #endif.
-
-Mon Aug 12 17:25:06 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_equal): should check HASH_PROC_DEFAULT too.
-
-Mon Aug 12 16:15:37 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_cmp): raise for NaN.  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#284).
-
-Sun Aug 11 09:34:07 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): set line number from all nodes.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_to_s): show source file/line if available.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): register TYPE_BIGNUM regardless real type.
-
-Sat Aug 10 23:47:16 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_cmp): use dbl2big() for Floats, instead of
-	  big2dbl().
-
-	* bignum.c (Init_Bignum): rb_big_zero_p() removed.  There may be
-	  Bignum zero.
-
-Fri Aug  9 13:31:40 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/extconf.rb: check existence of <windows.h>.
-
-Thu Aug  8 09:37:02 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb (NilClass): must provide conversion block.
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb (String): ditto.
-
-Thu Aug  8 00:45:15 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): new argument added for original method name.
-	  preserve original method name in frame->orig_func.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): use frame->orig_func, not last_func.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (method_call): supply data->oid also to rb_call0().
-
-	* object.c (rb_class_allocate_instance): call rb_obj_alloc() when
-	  called from alias, thus invoke original "allocate".
-
-	* eval.c (remove_method): removing allocate from classes should
-	  cause NameError.
-
-Wed Aug  7 22:12:54 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb (OptionParser::Completion::convert): returned
-	  all values not first one.
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb (OptionParser::Switch::parse): return values as
-	  is.
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb (OptionParser::order): ditto.
-
-	* lib/optparse/time.rb: prior time.rb.
-
-	* lib/optparse/uri.rb: require standard uri module.  thanks to
-	  Minero Aoki.
-
-Wed Aug  7 09:51:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_equal): should check default values.
-
-Wed Aug  7 08:44:32 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* ext/racc/cparse/cparse.c: reduce goto.
-
-Tue Aug  6 15:19:39 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rindex): must return -1 if unmatched.
-
-Mon Aug  5 22:41:18 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* MANIFEST: add lib/racc/parser.rb.
-
-	* ext/racc/cparse/cparse.c: code refine.
-
-	* ext/racc/cparse/MANIFEST: add depend.
-
-Sun Aug  4 22:30:50 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c: follow allocation framework.
-
-Sat Aug  3 21:23:56 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): set constant in cbase scope.
-
-	* eval.c (assign): ditto.
-
-Fri Aug  2 09:12:32 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* ext/strscan/strscan.c: follow allocation framework.
-
-Fri Aug  2 01:21:52 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_recvfrom): update RSTRING len.
-
-Thu Aug  1 17:47:15 2002  Tachino Nobuhiro <tachino@jp.fujitsu.com>
-
-	* parse.y (tokadd_string): ignore backslashed spaces in %w.
-
-Thu Aug  1 14:14:15 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_find): do not use rb_eval_cmd(); should not accept
-	  a string for if_none.
-
-Wed Jul 31 14:11:43 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_undef): undef should be done for klass, not ruby_class.
-
-Tue Jul 30 19:48:51 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-accurate-end-of-block): restrict search
-	  region.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-partial): reversed wrong patch.
-
-Tue Jul 30 17:21:13 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-accurate-end-of-block): incomplete block
-	  caused infinite loop.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-partial): returns nil unless
-	  delimiters found.
-
-Tue Jul 30 15:24:07 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/stubs.c (ruby_tcltk_stubs): win32_getenv returns
-	  the same address always, so allocate string by ruby_strdup.
-
-	* win32/win32.c: prototype; rb_w32_open_osfhandle().
-
-Tue Jul 30 09:11:07 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join_m): add parameter type declaration.
-
-Tue Jul 30 08:37:11 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* eval.c (localjump_error): add parameter type declaration.
-
-Mon Jul 29 16:00:54 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: always use File.expand_path for $top_srcdir.
-
-Sat Jul 27 23:07:52 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_to_int): default to_int implementaion for every
-	  numeric class.
-
-Sat Jul 27 08:09:03 2002  Booker C. Bense  <bbense@slac.stanford.edu>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_quote): initial part of the string was never copied
-	  to the quoted string.
-
-Fri Jul 26 23:03:53 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): no need to convert to string twice.
-
-Fri Jul 26 18:32:37 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-expr-beg): wrong indent at modifiers
-	  after ?.
-
-Fri Jul 26 16:01:16 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (create_makefile): use Regexp in gsub.
-
-	* sample/mkproto.rb: ditto and fix bug.
-
-Fri Jul 26 14:31:06 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* random.c: replace with Mersenne Twister RNG.
-
-Fri Jul 26 12:14:48 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): modify to accept a code like "m (a){...}".
-
-Thu Jul 25 09:05:02 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-delimiter): include here document.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-deep-arglist): skips spaces after
-	  parenthesis when 'space.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-imenu-create-index): fix for nested
-	  classes.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-accurate-end-of-block): added.  scan a
-	  block in the order.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-expr-beg): support for here document.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-partial): splitted from
-	  ruby-parse-region.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-move-to-block): skips RD style comments.
-
-Wed Jul 24 09:47:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (jump_tag_but_local_jump): preserve retval in
-	  LocalJumpError exceptions.
-
-	* parse.y (command): no more check for "super outside of method".
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): should set last_class and
-	  last_func in the block->frame.
-
-Mon Jul 22 17:23:00 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (error_handle): should handle TAG_THROW as well.
-
-Fri Jul 19 10:52:32 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): new decimal notation '0d4567'.
-
-Thu Jul 18 11:52:02 2002  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (set_socket): new method.
-
-Thu Jul 18 06:51:24 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): fix typo.
-
-Wed Jul 17 18:41:28 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): new octal notation '0o777'.
-
-Mon Jul 15 18:36:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (string_content): every string_content node should
-	  return string only.  use NODE_EVSTR to coercing.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): NODE_EVSTR support.
-
-Mon Jul 15 10:35:35 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y (heredoc_identifier): fix typo.
-
-Sat Jul 13 09:30:04 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (literal_concat_string): wrong optimization.
-
-Sat Jul 13 01:25:38 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::open, close): new.
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb, lib/optparse: import.
-
-Fri Jul 12 06:34:05 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: rename HTTP.get_uri get_response.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP.get_print accepts URI objects.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP.get had not work with URI objects.
-
-Fri Jul 12 02:15:58 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_match): fix for string match.
-
-Fri Jul 12 00:02:50 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_gets_internal): fixed for record
-	  separator longer than 1.
-
-Thu Jul 11 17:59:20 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_quote): avoid unnecessary string allocation.
-
-	* string.c (get_pat): quote metachracters before compiling a
-	  string into a regex.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_m): special treatment of strings of size
-	  1, but AWK emulation.  now uses get_pat().
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_match_m): quote metacharacters.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_match2): ditto.
-
-Thu Jul 11 12:59:23 2002  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: untaint strings read from /etc/hosts and
-	/etc/resolv.conf to prevent SecurityError when $SAFE==1.
-
-Thu Jul 11 09:00:43 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_slice_bang): if there's no corresponding
-	  substring, slice! should return nil without exception.
-
-Tue Jul  9 20:03:55 2002 Keiju Ishitsuka <keiju@ishitsuka.com>
-
-	* irb 0.9
-	
-Sat Jul  6 07:35:02 2002  Jamie Herre  <jfh@gettysgroup.com>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_insert): type fixed.
-
-Fri Jul  5 09:17:00 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_m): accept separator value nil as well.
-
-Fri Jul  5 08:59:15 2002  Michal Rokos <michal@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c: Fix bug in enum_sort_by and some code indents
-
-Fri Jul  5 05:00:40 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb (CGI#initialize): improvement for mod_ruby.
-	thanks to Sean Chittenden <sean@ruby-lang.org>, Shugo Maeda
-	<shugo@modruby.net>
-
-Fri Jul  5 00:10:09 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_become): was leaking memory.
-
-Thu Jul  4 23:43:26 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y: remove useless function str_extend_p().
-
-Wed Jul  3 14:26:40 2002  Sean Chittenden  <sean@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (get): new method.
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (putt): ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (binary): ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (binary=): ditto.
-
-Wed Jul  3 13:57:53 2002  Sean Chittenden  <sean@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (getbinaryfile): the second argument (localfile)
-	is now optional.
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (gettextfile): ditto.
-
-Wed Jul  3 13:45:42 2002  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb: use &block and yield for speed.
-
-Wed Jul  3 02:32:31 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb (CGI#initialize): improvement for mod_ruby.
-
-Tue Jul  2 14:53:10 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): should not alter other
-	  classes/modules by inclusion.  by this fix, local order may not
-	  be preserved for some cases.
-
-	* class.c (include_class_new): module may be T_ICLASS; retrieve
-	  original module information.
-
-Tue Jul  2 14:13:11 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb (CGI#header): accept any type as value.
-
-Sun Jun 30 17:05:29 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (seekdir, telldir): add ac_cv_func_telldir=yes,
-	  ac_cv_func_seekdir=yes for MinGW.
-
-Sat Jun 29 01:43:32 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (pipe_finalize, pipe_popen): two-way pipe support for win32.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (ChildRecord, FindFreeChildSlot): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h (pipe_exec): new function for two-way
-	  pipe support for win32.
-
-	* win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h (FindPipedChildSlot, rb_w32_popen,
-	  rb_w32_pclose): removed functions for two-way pipe support for win32.
-
-Fri Jun 28 23:49:34 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): change names of local variables because their
-	  names are overlapped.
-
-Fri Jun 28 17:54:07 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/pp.rb: fix object address.
-
-Thu Jun 27 23:55:50 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_stat): fix buffer overflow. (ruby-bugs:PR#329)
-
-Thu Jun 27 20:57:45 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/prettyprint.rb, lib/pp.rb: convenience methods added.
-
-Thu Jun 27 15:22:18 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/prettyprint.rb: re-implemented for incremental output to handle
-	huge data.  API is changed a bit.
-
-	* lib/pp.rb: adapt new pretty printing API.
-
-Thu Jun 27 08:28:18 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (literal_concat_string): non-string last expression in
-	  #{} was ignored when followed by literal.
-
-Thu Jun 27 03:42:04 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_expr_str): need to process backslashes properly.
-
-Wed Jun 26 17:33:38 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_any_to_a): declare Object#to_a to be obsolete.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Array): do not convert nil into [] automagically.
-
-Wed Jun 26 15:40:00 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (words, qwords): word list literal rules.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_string): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): %W: word list literal with interpolation. [new]
-
-Tue Jun 25 18:53:34 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (string1, xstring, regexp): moved lex_strnest
-	  initialization to string_contents/xstring_contents.
-
-Tue Jun 25 19:24:38 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* dln.c: remove definition rb_loaderror().
-
-Tue Jun 25 00:34:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_Integer): use "to_int" instead of
-	  "to_i". [experimental]
-
-	* object.c (nil_to_f): new method.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Integer): Symbols and nil should cause error.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Float): nil should cause error.
-
-Tue Jun 25 00:21:00 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* dln.c: remark definition rb_loaderror().
-
-Tue Jun 25 00:14:07 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (string_dvar): allow back references in interpolation.
-
-Mon Jun 24 16:32:31 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): NODE_EVSTR is no longer used.
-
-	* eval.c (eval): not enforce to make assigned variables dynamic.
-
-	* parse.y (string): split rules to strings/xstring/regexp to allow
-	  arbitrary statements inside string interpolation.
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): splitted into three phases.
-
-	* parse.y (literall_append, literal_concat): added.
-	  append/concatinate string literals.
-
-	* sample/test.rb (valid_syntax): adjust line number for BEGIN.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): get rid of nested string.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (install_rb): site-install didn't work properly.
-
-Sun Jun 23 00:19:10 2002  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@dotrb.org>
-
-	* lib/date.rb, lib/date/format.rb, sample/cal.rb, sample/goodfriday.rb:
-	  updated to the new version (based on date2 3.3).
-
-Sat Jun 22 14:41:33 2002  Guy Decoux  <ts@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_addrinfo): make all 3 versions of
-	  getaddrinfo happy.  [ruby-core:00184]
-
-Fri Jun 21 18:49:58 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): __END__ should not be effective within
-	  string literals.
-
-Thu Jun 20 21:09:37 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c (readline_readline): get rid of
-	  libreadline's bug. (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#268)
-
-Thu Jun 20 17:10:27 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/ftool.rb (BUFSIZE): tuning, set buffer length to 8192.
-
-	* configure.in (__NO_ISOCEXT): add for mingw-runtime 2.0-2.
-
-	* configure.in (__MSVCRT__): removed because it is defined
-	  in the GCC specs.
-
-Wed Jun 19 14:46:18 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb, lib/mkmf.rb (xsystem): open the log file if xsystem
-	  is called.
-
-Wed Jun 19 01:01:13 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): should be aware of __END__ within here
-	  documents.
-
-Wed Jun 19 00:50:50 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): ? followed by successive word charaters is
-	  ternary operator not numeric literal.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): commands after break/next/rescue can take
-	  arguments.  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#265)
-
-Tue Jun 18 19:20:16 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/mkexports.rb: remove unnecessary exports. (ruby-dev:17418)
-
-Tue Jun 18 12:50:17 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): should pushback proper char after '<<'.
-
-	* parse.y (range_op, cond0, cond): get rid of doubled warnings.
-
-	* parse.y (value_expr): reduce recursion level.
-
-	* parse.y (logop): ditto.
-
-Mon Jun 17 11:11:34 2002  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_crypt): result need not be tainted always.
-
-Mon Jun 17 10:51:37 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): need to preserve dln_strerror() result,
-	  calling other dl family can clear it.
-
-Sat Jun 15 22:56:37 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): obsolete '?<whitespace>'; use '?\s', '?\n',
-	  etc, instead.
-
-Sat Jun 15 18:51:13 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): Use lstat() instead of stat() so it catches
-	  a dead symlink.  Given a dead symlink named "a", Dir.glob("?") 
-	  did catch it but Dir.glob("a") somehow didn't.
-
-Sat Jun 15 01:59:05 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): no here document after a dot.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): should have set lex_state after '`'.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): should have set lex_state properly after
-	  tOP_ASGN.
-
-Fri Jun 14 21:01:48 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* bcc32/mkexports.rb: insert sleep(1) for win9x.
-
-	* bcc32/configure.bat: change return code LF -> CRLF fo win9x.
-
-	* win32/win32.c: fix rb_w32_open_osfhandle()
-
-Fri Jun 14 15:22:19 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (read_escape): deny zero-width hexadecimal character.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#260)
-
-	* parse.y (tokadd_escape): ditto.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): ditto.
-
-Fri Jun 14 00:49:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big2dbl): return canonical HUGE_VAL for infinity.
-
-Thu Jun 13 09:43:37 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (svalue_to_avalue): v may be Qundef.  This fix was
-	  suggested by Guy Decoux.
-
-Thu Jun 13 00:33:49 2002  takuma ozawa  <metal@mine.ne.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_s_create): use rb_hash_aset() instead of calling
-	  st_insert() directly, to dup&freeze string keys.
-
-Thu Jun 13 00:12:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): proper error message for "@@0".
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): paren to parse_string() must be zero for
-	  unparenthesized strings.
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): broken string when unterminated "#{".
-
-	* enum.c (enum_sort_by): had a bug in 1 element enumeration.
-
-Wed Jun 12 18:04:44 2002  akira yamada  <akira@arika.org>
-
-	* uri/common.rb (REGEXP::PATTERN::X_ABS_URI): 'file:/foo' is valid.
-
-	* uri/generic.rb (Generic#xxx=): should return substituted value.
-	  (ruby-dev:16728.)
-
-	* test/generic.rb (test_set_component): added tests for the above
-	  change.
-
-Wed Jun 12 02:38:00 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): fix typo.
-
-Wed Jun 12 01:10:55 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): 'do' should return kDO_BLOCK on EXPR_ENDARG.
-
-	* parse.y (singleton): "def (()).a end" dumped core.
-
-	* parse.y (range_op): node may be null.
-
-	* parse.y (match_gen): ditto.
-
-Tue Jun 11 19:20:34 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (LIBRUBY): rename to lib$(LIBRUBY_SO).a on Cygwin/MinGW.
-
-	* configure.in, cygwin/GNUmakefile: use dllwrap when --disable-shared
-	  is specified.
-
-Tue Jun 11 17:12:04 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): void value check for "..", "...", "!", and "not".
-
-	* parse.y (match_gen): void value check for "=~".
-
-	* parse.y (value_expr): check NODE_AND and NODE_OR recursively.
-
-	* parse.y (cond0): void value check added for conditionals.
-
-Tue Jun 11 13:18:47 2002  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (noop): new method.
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (site): ditto.
-
-Tue Jun 11 13:15:41 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bcc32/Makefile.sub: set PROCESSOR_LEVEL to 6 if it's too big value.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: ditto.
-
-Tue Jun 11 12:37:46 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* bcc32/configure.bat fix.
-
-Tue Jun 11 10:18:23 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <konishih@fd6.so-net.ne.jp>
-
-	* new platform [bccwin32] merged.
-	  - create new folder bcc32
-	  - modify any files for bccwin32
-	      error.c, file.c, hash.c, io.c, instruby.rb, 
-	      ext/extmk.rb.in,
-	      lib/mkmf.rb, lib/ftools.rb,
-	      ext/digest/defs.h,
-	      ext/dl/depend, ext/dl/dl.c, ext/dl/sym.c, ext/dl/extconf.rb,
-	      ext/socket/extconf.rb,
-	      ext/pty/extconf.rb,
-	      ext/tcltklib/extconf.rb
-	      ext/Win32API/Win32API.c,
-	      win32/dir.h, win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h, win32/resource.rb
-
-Mon Jun 10 19:02:19 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_lshift): negative shift count means right shift.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#248)
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_rshift): return -1 when left side operand is
-	  negative. (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#247)
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): `0_' should be an error. (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#249)
-
-Mon Jun 10 01:53:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ruby_frame->last_func may be null, if it's
-	  called outside of a method.
-
-	* parse.y (arg): use INT2NUM, not INT2FIX for tUMINUS.
-
-	* parse.y (arg): unnecessary negative tPOW treatment.
-
-	* parse.y (tokadd_escape): wrong backslash escapement.
-
-Sun Jun  9 17:40:41 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl: change the callback mechanism.
-
-Sat Jun  8 00:48:38 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (stmt,arg): too much void value check.
-
-	* parse.y (stmt,arg): need to check void value on rules which does
-	  not use node_assign().
-
-Thu Jun  6 19:50:39 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <H_Konishi@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sample/biorhythm.rb (getPosiiton,etc)
-	  fix at changing Date module ( Date is changed Fixnum to Rational )
-
-Thu Jun  6 17:42:39 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ipaddr): need not to taint hostnames.
-
-Thu Jun  6 12:04:30 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (config.status): use sub! instead of []= because
-	  []= causes exception.
-
-Thu Jun  6 11:42:15 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* lib/thread.rb (Queue::pop): get rid of race condition.
-
-Tue Jun  4 23:09:24 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_include): should be based on "<=>", whereas
-	  member? still is based on "each".
-
-	* range.c (range_min,range_max): redefine methods based on "<=>".
-
-Tue Jun  4 18:28:37 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: The IPv6 stack of Cygwin is still incomplete.
-
-	* ext/Win32API/extconf.rb: refactoring.
-
-Tue Jun  4 00:45:50 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/socket/addrinfo.h: typo.
-
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c (gai_strerror): make literals const.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (init_inetsock): ensures resources are
-	  freed at exceptions.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (init_unixsock): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (udp_connect): ditto.
-
-Mon Jun  3 20:39:51 2002  Masaki Suketa  <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/win32ole/extconf.rb : change PLATFORM with RUBY_PLATFORM.
-
-Mon Jun  3 07:07:07 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): check if identifier is terminated.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#239)
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): should pushback proper char after '**'.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#240)
-
-Mon Jun  3 05:56:17 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_aset): should raise error if an indexing string
-	  is not found in the receiver.
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): "%d" should convert objects into
-	  integers using Integer().
-
-Sat Jun  1 19:20:07 2002  Masaki Suketa  <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/win32ole: merge from rough.
-
-Fri May 31 17:11:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb (Tempfile::size): added.
-
-Thu May 30 12:52:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_step): iteration done using "+" if elements are
-	  Numeric.  Otherwise using "succ".
-
-	* range.c (range_each): iteration done using "succ".  If the
-	  elements does not respond to "succ", raise TypeError.  As a
-	  result, all Enumerable methods, e.g. collect, require elements
-	  to respond to "succ".
-
-	* range.c (range_member): comparison done using "each", if
-	  elements are non-Numeric or no-"succ" objects.  Otherwise
-	  compare using "<=>".
-
-	* range.c (Init_Range): remove "size" and "length".
-
-Thu May 30 09:16:36 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: if StringIO is usable then use it.
-
-Wed May 29 18:55:47 2002  KONISHI Hiromasa <H_Konishi@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* function renames my* and win32_* to rb_w32_* in win32/win32.c
-	  fixed files win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h, win32/dir.h, 
-	              hash.c, rubysig.h, signal.c, ext/socket/socket.c
-
-Wed May 29 17:32:55 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (tmcmp, search_time_t): activate unless HAVE_TIMEGM.
-
-Wed May 29 13:45:15 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: not use const if GET, HEAD. check multipart form head.
-
-Tue May 28 17:56:02 2002  Sean Chittenden  <sean@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y: yyparse #defines moved from intern.h
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): access prefixed "ruby_yydebug".
-
-	* applied modifies to pacify some of gcc -Wall warnings.
-	
-Tue May 28 14:07:00 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): no more ugly hack for "**", so that "-2**2" to be
-	  parsed as "(-2)**2", whereas "- 2**2" or "-(2)**2" to be parsed
-	  as "-(2**2)".
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): '-2' to be literal fixnum. [new]
-
-Tue May 28 12:13:37 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (scope_node): trick to keep the node has a scope.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): NODE_EVSTR: write back local_tbl to the node.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): NODE_SCOPE: hold the scope node in ruby_scope.
-
-	* eval.c (module_setup): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): ditto.
-
-	* node.h (NEW_DASGN, NEW_DASGN_CURR): remove surplus semicolons.
-
-Fri May 24 09:06:29 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_arg): nil test against v[6] (usec).
-
-Thu May 23 16:39:21 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): option parsing problem.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#233)
-
-Thu May 23 09:13:56 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): removed "-*-" support for #! line.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_sysopen): new method to get a raw file
-	  descriptor. [new]
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (tcp_sysaccept): new method to return an
-	  accepted socket fd (integer). [new]
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (unix_sysaccept,sock_sysaccept): ditto.
-
-Wed May 22 21:26:47 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): -T consumes digits only.
-
-Wed May 22 20:18:31 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: need not link vsnprintf.o on MinGW.
-
-Wed May 22 18:34:23 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): Here-document label ate '-'.
-
-Tue May 21 13:25:18 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-font-lock-keywords): symbols end with
-	  '_'.
-
-Tue May 21 04:48:37 2002  Sean Chittenden <sean@chittenden.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi-lib.rb: Checking for constant MOD_RUBY instead of
-	  environment variable. Remove a mod_ruby warning and use
-	  Apache::request.headers_out[] instead.
-
-Tue May 21 01:16:46 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (bodystmt): ensure clause was excuted on else clause
-	  without rescue clause.
-
-Tue May 21 00:20:25 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl/ptr.c: rename PtrData::alloc to PtrData::malloc.
-
-	* ext/dl/lib/dl/struct.c: rename Struct#alloc to Struct#malloc.
-
-Mon May 20 14:29:14 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): should do exact match for Module#==.
-
-	* compar.c (cmp_eq): returns 'false' if <=> returns 'nil'.
-
-	* compar.c (cmp_gt,cmp_ge,cmp_lt,cmp_le,cmp_between): ditto.
-
-Mon May 20 13:28:52 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_clone): writing stream was not copied properly.
-
-Sat May 18 21:38:11 2002  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@dotrb.org>
-
-	* lib/date.rb, lib/date/format.rb, lib/parsedate.rb:
-	  updated to the new version (based on date2 3.2.1).
-
-Sat May 18 21:18:00 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (config.h): add VC++4/5 support about noreturn
-	  directive.
-
-Sat May 18 02:16:41 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): should propagate taintedness.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): ditto.
-
-Fri May 17 16:16:19 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sampl/test.rb: use eval instead of './miniruby -c',
-	  in order to check a syntax error.
-
-Thu May 16 14:46:34 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_select): cleanup conditional compilation.
-
-Wed May 15 06:13:35 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): need to preserve errno before
-	  calling rb_trap_exec().
-
-	* regex.c (calculate_must_string): a bug in charset/charset_not
-	  parsing.
-
-Tue May 14 18:17:44 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: config.h inlined.  and catch up with the
-	  latest change.
-
-	* win32/config.h.in: no longer used.
-
-Tue May 14 14:49:05 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (is_pointer_to_heap): avoid GCC 3.1 warnings.
-
-	* missing/strftime.c (timezone): it should take no argument on Cygwin.
-
-Tue May 14 03:07:35 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_clear_cache_by_class): new function.
-
-	* eval.c (set_method_visibility): should have clear cache for
-	  updated visibility.
-
-Mon May 13 14:38:33 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* djgpp/config.hin, djgpp/config.sed: catch up with the latest change.
-
-Mon May 13 01:59:55 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_to_s): default format precision to be "%.16g".
-
-	* util.c (ruby_strtod): use own strtod(3) implementation to avoid
-	  locale hell.  Due to this change "0xff".to_f no longer returns 255.0
-
-Sun May 12 03:01:08 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* missing.h: add for missing/*.c.
-
-	* ruby.h: add `#include "missing.h"'.
-
-	* Makefile.in: add the dependency of missing.h by gcc -MM.
-
-	* MANIFEST: add missing.h
-
-Sat May 11 23:24:52 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl: enable dl's stack emulation for constructing function call.
-
-Sat May 11 10:52:09 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): remove escaping backslashes.
-
-Sat May 11 02:46:43 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (avalue_to_yvalue): new function to distinguish yvalue
-	  (no-arg == Qundef) from svalue (no-arg == Qnil).
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): use avalue_to_yvalue().
-
-	* eval.c (assign): warn if val == Qundef where it means rhs is
-	  void (e.g. yield without value or call without argument).
-
-Fri May 10 19:00:47 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): preserve line number begins here
-	  document.
-
-Fri May 10 01:55:44 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): added an argument to limit time to wait
-	  the thread.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join_m): new. and added optional argument.
-
-Wed May  8 23:48:40 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (value_expr): need not to warn for WHILE and UNTIL,
-	  since they can have return value (via valued break).
-
-Tue May  7 17:13:40 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: forgot to add '-Wl,' to the gcc option on Cygwin/MinGW.
-
-Tue May  7 15:41:33 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/iconv/iconv.c (iconv_try): should initialize exceptions
-	  properly. (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#232)
-
-Tue May  7 15:28:03 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): The destination of the goto jump was wrong.
-
-Tue May  7 09:17:51 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* eval.c (superclass): undesirable "unexpected return" when the
-	  superclass is not a Class.
-
-Sun May  5 06:53:45 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: exclude topdir from the system configuration
-	  section and prevent it from being overridden.
-
-Fri May  3 20:19:00 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: add #include <errno.h> in AC_CHECK_DECLS().
-
-	* win32/config.h.in: define HAVE_DECL_SYS_NERR.
-
-Thu May  2 23:42:40 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_quote): # also should be quoted.
-
-Thu May  2 18:27:13 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: use 'do...end' instead of '{}' for
-	  Borland make.
-
-Thu May  2 08:01:56 2002  Chris Thomas  <kenshin@apple.com>
-
-	* error.c: use HAVE_DECL_SYS_NERR instead of platform names.
-
-Tue Apr 30 09:23:05 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_step): better iteration condition for float
-	  values;  suggested by Masahiro TANAKA <masa@ir.isas.ac.jp>.
-
-Tue Apr 30 05:59:42 2002  Michal Rokos  <m.rokos@sh.cvut.cz>
-
-	* range.c (range_step): step (for Range#step method) <= 0 makes no
-	  sence, thus ArgError will be raised.
-
-	* range.c (range_each): Range#each method is special case for
-	  Range#step(1)
-
-Mon Apr 29 18:46:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file): load must be done from an abolute path if
-	  $SAFE >= 4.
-
-Sun Apr 28 17:01:56 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (insert): fix prototype for ANSI C.
-
-Fri Apr 26 13:47:15 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_partition): new method. [new]
-
-Fri Apr 26 13:41:00 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_quote): quote whitespaces for /x cases.
-
-Fri Apr 26 06:48:23 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl/ptr.c (cary2ary): missing break in switch statements.
-
-Fri Apr 26 09:35:47 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_proc_new): make Proc from C function. [new]
-
-	* intern.h (rb_proc_new): prototype.
-
-Wed Apr 24 14:56:46 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_to_proc): return self. [new]
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): no need to convert if block is Proc.
-
-Wed Apr 24 14:21:41 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: set size of the initial stack from
-	  2MB to 32MB on MinGW/Cygwin.
-
-Wed Apr 24 14:06:35 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_step): try to reduce residual on Float operations.
-
-Wed Apr 24 06:48:31 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_mode_flags): both 'r+b' and 'rb+' should be allowed.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_mode_modenum): ditto.
-
-Wed Apr 24 01:16:14 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_mark): must check if ptr is NULL
-	  first.  [ruby-talk:38873]
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): should print depend file when
-	  make is other than nmake.
-
-Wed Apr 24 00:37:12 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (create_makefile): use `{$(srcdir)}' directive instead
-	  of `$(srcdir)/' when including depend file.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): add `{$(srcdir)}' when including depend
-	  file.
-
-Tue Apr 23 12:58:18 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_memerror): rename from mem_error, and exported.
-
-	* gc.c (Init_GC): pre-allocate NoMemoryError instance.
-
-	* object.c (convert_type): error message changed from "failed to
-	  convert" to "cannot convert", since it does not try to convert
-	  if an object does not respond to the converting method.
-
-Mon Apr 22 09:31:30 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): convert Method to Proc using
-	  rb_check_convert_type().
-
-	* object.c (rb_check_convert_type): always convert T_DATA
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_cleanup): should not terminate main_thread by
-	  Fatal error.
-
-	* regex.c (is_in_list): need to not exclude NUL and NEWLINE.
-
-Sat Apr 20 00:19:13 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_expr_str): wrong backslash escapement.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_expr_str): do not escape embedded space
-	  characters.
-
-Fri Apr 19 22:03:40 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: add -DNT to $CFLAGS instead of $CPPFLAGS.
-
-	* win32/setup.mak: ditto.
-
-Fri Apr 19 17:24:22 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): T_DATA process patch from Joel VanderWerf
-	  <vjoel@PATH.Berkeley.EDU>.  This is temporary hack; it remains
-	  undocumented, and it will be removed when marshaling is
-	  re-designed.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): ditto.
-
-Fri Apr 19 17:10:55 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_step): Integer#step is moved to Numeric#step;
-	  Fixnum#step is merged into this method.
-
-	* numeric.c (int_dotimes): Fixnum#times is merged.
-
-	* numeric.c (int_upto): Fixnum#upto is merged.
-
-	* numeric.c (int_downto): Fixnum#downto is merged.
-
-Fri Apr 19 16:22:55 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: include <windows.h>, <winsock.h> on _WIN32.
-
-	* win32/win32.c: include <mswsock.h> on __MINGW32__.
-
-	* configure.in: cleanup for autoconf 2.5x.
-
-	* configure.in: use gcc -shared instead of dllwrap on Cygwin/MinGW.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb, lib/mkmf.rb: get rid of "--def=".
-
-Fri Apr 19 14:57:44 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_to_s): remove redundant shy group.
-
-Fri Apr 19 01:08:20 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_cleanup): current thread may be THREAD_STOPPED,
-	  for example when terminated from signal handler.
-
-Thu Apr 18 19:03:15 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): remove /p support.
-
-	* regex.h: ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): ditto.
-
-Thu Apr 18 17:01:43 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl/ptr.c (rb_dlptr_cast): removed.
-
-Thu Apr 18 17:01:43 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_to_s): new function for Regexp#to_s.
-
-Wed Apr 17 23:55:34 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/Setup*, ext/bigfloat/*: Back out the import of BigFloat in
-	  favor of its forthcoming successor, BigDecimal.
-
-Wed Apr 17 16:53:33 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_expr_str): should treat backslash specially in
-	  escaping.
-
-Wed Apr 17 08:16:41 2002  Michal Rokos  <m.rokos@sh.cvut.cz>
-
-	* io.c: complete off_t handling; missing argument for
-	  fptr_finalize(); polished rb_scan_args call.
-
-Wed Apr 17 00:01:59 2002  Michal Rokos  <m.rokos@sh.cvut.cz>
-
-	* dir.c: wrap multi-statment macro by do { } while (0)
-
-	* eval.c, numeric,c, sprintf.c, util.c: ditto.
-
-Tue Apr 16 08:59:50 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (assign): convert mrhs to mvalue.
-
-Mon Apr 15 18:12:57 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_eq): check `y == x' if y is neither Fixnum,
-	  Bignum, nor Float.
-
-Mon Apr 15 09:27:31 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): should treat 'U' in character unit, not in
-	  byte unit.
-
-	* error.c (exc_initialize): should clear backtrace information.
-
-Sat Apr 13 23:42:43 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fptr_cleanup): should close IO created by IO.new(fd).
-
-	* rubyio.h: remove FMODE_FDOPEN
-
-Fri Apr 12 12:54:04 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: use missing/acosh.c.
-
-	* win32/config.h.in: define HAVE_COSH, HAVE_SINH, and HAVE_TANH.
-
-Fri Apr 12 02:58:55 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_select): fix typo.
-
-Fri Apr 12 00:34:17 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* MANIFEST (missing/acosh.c): added.
-
-	* Makefile.in (missing/acosh.c): ditto.
-
-	* Makefile.in (missing/fileblocks.c): ditto.
-
-	* configure.in (AC_REPLACE_FUNCS): check acosh() on behalf of
-	  inverse hyperbolic functions, asinh() and atanh().
-
-	* missing/acosh.c: added for acosh(), asinh() and atanh().
-
-Thu Apr 11 20:01:44 2002  Masahiro Tomita  <tommy@tmtm.org>
-
-	* io.c (io_write): check error if written data is less than
-	  specified size to detect EPIPE.
-
-Thu Apr 11 19:10:37 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (remain_size): IO#read returns "" if file.size == 0.
-
-	* random.c (rand_init): add check for initstate(3).
-
-	* configure.in: ditto.
-
-Thu Apr 11 09:31:19 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl/ptr.c: raise() -> rb_raise(). (Thanks Tetsuya Watanabe)
-
-	* ext/dl/sym.c: ditto.
-
-Thu Apr 11 07:57:48 2002  Michal Rokos  <m.rokos@sh.cvut.cz>
-
-	* eval.c (assign): ruby_verbose should be surrounded by RTEST().
-
-	* object.c (rb_str2cstr): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (void_expr): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (void_stmts): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_ivar_get): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_set): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_get): ditto.
-
-Thu Apr 11 07:02:31 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl: Add dl.txt instead of README and README.html.
-
-Thu Apr 11 01:55:52 2002  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi/session.rb: support for multipart form.
-
-Wed Apr 10 18:42:23 2002  Tachino Nobuhiro <tachino@jp.fujitsu.com>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): should have proceed link when link->path
-	  was non existing symbolic link.
-
-Wed Apr 10 17:30:19 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_obj_remove_instance_variable): raise NameError if
-	  specified instance variable is not defined.
-
-	* variable.c (generic_ivar_remove): modified to check ivar
-	  existence.
-
-Wed Apr 10 14:16:45 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-font-lock-keywords): fontify symbols for
-	  unary operators and aset.
-
-Tue Apr  9 13:40:31 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_link0): need expand macro in command, sync with
-	  ext/extmk.rb.in.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_cpp): ditto.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (egrep_cpp): ditto.
-
-Tue Apr  9 12:44:59 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (check_modifiable): performance
-	  improvement.  avoid calling rb_str_modify() twice.
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_ungetc): ditto.
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_putc): ditto.
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_write): ditto, and use
-	  rb_str_cat() as possible.
-
-Tue Apr  9 05:17:48 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* re.c (match_select): fix index references and make
-	  MatchData#select actually work.
-
-Tue Apr  9 00:20:52 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_extname): new method based on the proposal
-	  (and patch) from Mike Hall. [new]
-
-Mon Apr  8 04:50:51 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (error_handle): default to 1 unless status is set.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_options): guard error_handle() with PROT_NONE.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_stop): ditto.
-
-Mon Apr  8 01:22:24 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c (math_acosh): added. [new]
-
-	* math.c (math_asinh): ditto.
-
-	* math.c (math_atanh): ditto.
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_each_pair): method added. [new]
-
-Sat Apr  6 02:04:49 2002  Guy Decoux  <ts@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class): wrong condition; was creating
-	  unnecessary singleton class.
-
-Sat Apr  6 01:09:41 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sprintf.c (remove_sign_bits): simplifies the condition.
-
-	* bignum.c (get2comp): calculate proper carry over.
-
-Fri Apr  5 05:07:28 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl: Add dl/struct.rb.
-
-Thu Apr  4 14:08:52 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl/lib/dl/import.rb: Get rid of ineffective
-	  encoding/decoding procedures.
-
-Thu Apr  4 01:08:23 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (int_step): step may be a float less than 1.
-
-Wed Apr  3 20:42:34 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl: Merge Nakada's patch.
-
-	* ext/dl/dl.h: define StringValuePtr for ruby-1.6.
-
-Wed Apr  3 15:37:24 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl: Add dl/types.rb.
-
-Wed Apr  3 01:54:10 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (enable_config): follow lib/mkmf.rb.
-
-Tue Apr  2 19:59:13 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dl: Merge from rough.
-
-Tue Apr  2 15:17:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Makefile.in (CPPFLAGS): remove @includedir@.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): ditto.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (create_makefile): ditto.
-
-Tue Apr  2 15:09:05 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_addrinfo): should clear addrinfo hints.
-
-Mon Apr  1 23:48:12 2002  Takaaki Tateishi <ttate@kt.jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: install any files using $INSTALLFILES.
-	  (see also [ruby-dev:16683])
-
-Mon Apr  1 17:25:50 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fptr_cleanup): need flush even when io will not be
-	  closed. 
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_initialize): was calling wrong function
-	  rb_io_mode_flags().
-
-Mon Apr  1 16:52:00 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/sdbm/init.c (each_pair): moved prototype before the
-	  definition.
-
-	* ext/racc/cparse/cparse.c (call_scaniter): ditto.
-
-Mon Apr  1 15:11:40 2002  NAKAMURA Usaku <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/racc/cparse/cparse.c: prototype; call_scaniter().
-
-	* ext/sdbm/init.c: prototype; each_pair().
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c: prototypes; _timer_for_tcl() and ip_ruby(),
-	  Nobu's patch at [ruby-dev:14483].
-
-Mon Apr  1 10:56:40 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (match_setter): it's OK to assign nil to $~.
-
-Mon Apr  1 03:55:46 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fptr_cleanup): do not close IO created by for_fd().
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_initialize): mark IO created by for_fd
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_s_for_fd): ditto.
-
-Fri Mar 29 20:21:58 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): default FLAGS to empty strings.
-
-Fri Mar 29 16:36:52 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (arg_config): should use Shellwords::shellwords like
-	  ext/extmk.rb.in.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (enable_config): default had priority over command
-	  line options and configure_args.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: support autoconf 2.53 style variables from
-	  environment.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: add directory options.
-
-Fri Mar 29 15:49:29 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/README.win32: follow recent changes.
-
-Fri Mar 29 14:44:05 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (io_fflush): DRY patch from /Christoph applied.
-
-Thu Mar 28 18:58:13 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (config.status): reflect user defined $CC in
-	  config.status.
-
-Thu Mar 28 18:03:51 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* ext/strscan/strscan.c: add taint check.
-
-	* ext/strscan/strscan.c: #getch/#get_byte should set regexp
-	  registers.
-
-	* ext/strscan/strscan.c: remove useless #include directive.
-
-	* ext/strscan/strscan.c: refactor struct strscanner.
-
-Thu Mar 28 14:51:38 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_addrinfo): should specify socktype
-	  from outside.
-
-Wed Mar 27 17:04:30 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (argf_binmode): should call next_argv() to initialize ARGF.
-
-	* io.c (argf_filename): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (argf_file): ditto.
-
-Wed Mar 27 14:47:32 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (READ_DATA_PENDING): configure.in has supported for uClibc,
-	  so remove uClibc stuff.
-
-Wed Mar 27 13:14:43 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_sysseek): new method based on a patch from Aristarkh
-	  A Zagorodnikov <xm@bolotov-team.ru>. [new]
-
-	* io.c (READ_DATA_PENDING): use !feof(fp) for default behavior.
-
-Tue Mar 26 20:28:50 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP.get accepts URI.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: new method HTTP.get_uri.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: add some HTTP 1.1 response codes.
-
-Tue Mar 26 20:25:28 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* doc/net/protocol.rd.ja, smtp.rd.ja, pop.rd.ja: removed.
-
-	* MANIFEST: remove doc/net/* entries.
-
-Tue Mar 26 18:45:15 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (FILE_READPTR): check bufread instead of bufend
-	  for uClibc.
-	
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (arg_config): should use Shellwords::shellwords.
-
-Tue Mar 26 01:56:33 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (primary): while/until statement modifiers to "begin"
-	  statement now work as "do .. while" even when begin statement
-	  has "rescue" or "ensure" [new].
-
-	* parse.y (bodystmt): rescue/ensure is allowed at every bodies,
-	  i.e. method bodies, begin bodies, class bodies[new], and module
-	  bodies[new].
-
-Mon Mar 25 22:10:04 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_addrinfo): should specify ai_socktype
-	  for getaddrinfo hints.
-
-Mon Mar 25 17:18:48 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (rb_push_glob): local variable 'maxnest' was
-	  uninitialized.
-
-Mon Mar 25 16:53:30 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_abort): embed aborting message into exception
-	  object [new].
-
-	* eval.c (terminate_process): utility function for exit and abort.
-
-Tue Mar 26 14:04:47 2002  okabe katsuyuki <HGC02147@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/mkexports.rb: support VC++.NET.
-
-Tue Mar 26 14:00:17 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/bigfloat/bigfloat.c: Fix the initializer's function name
-	  according to the new library name. (pointed out by nobu)
-
-Tue Mar 26 11:12:01 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb: new file.
-
-Tue Mar 26 03:23:50 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/pp.rb (pp): return nil like p.
-
-Tue Mar 26 01:48:01 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/bigfloat/extconf.rb: Downcase the library name. (BigFloat.so
-	  -> bigfloat.so)
-
-	* ext/bigfloat/bigfloat.c (BigFloat_inspect): Alter the inspect
-	  format not to look like an array. (pointed out by akr)
-
-	* ext/bigfloat/bigfloat.c (BigFloat_hash): Implement BigFloat#hash.
-
-	* ext/bigfloat/bigfloat.c (BigFloat_dump, BigFloat_load):
-	  Support marshaling.
-
-Tue Mar 26 00:38:11 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* configure.in (FILE_READPTR): check _p for 4.4BSD.
-
-Mon Mar 25 23:39:25 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in (FILE_READPTR): new.  for IO#gets improvement.
-
-	* io.c (READ_DATA_PENDING_PTR): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (remain_size): separated from read_all().
-
-	* io.c (read_all): argument chagend.
-
-	* io.c (appendline): new.  get a line and append to string.
-
-	* io.c (swallow): new.  swallow continuous line delimiters.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_getline_fast): add delimiter argument.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_getline): performance improvement.
-
-Mon Mar 25 19:30:25 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (arg_config): get rid of single quotes
-	  for autoconf 2.53.
-
-Mon Mar 25 17:49:41 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (mbc_startpos_func): VC6 seems to be unable to
-	  understand forward declaration for static variables.
-
-	* dir.c (rb_push_glob): local variable 'maxnest' was
-	  uninitialized.
-
-Mon Mar 25 13:24:20 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_do_not_rev_lookup_set): should not be
-	  allowed when $SAFE > 3.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_ready): THREAD_TO_KILL threads should not turn
-	  into THREAD_RUNNABLE on wakeup.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_list): THREAD_TO_KILL threads should be in the
-	  list. 
-
-	* eval.c (thgroup_list): ditto; by moving gid clearance from
-	  rb_thread_cleanup().
-
-Mon Mar 25 11:06:19 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_argv0): unused unless USE_DLN_A_OUT.
-
-	* regex.c (mbc_startpos_func): should be static.
-
-Sun Mar 24 12:19:09 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (fnmatch): "*/bar" (with FNM_PATHNAME flag) does not
-	  match "foo/bar".
-
-Sun Mar 24 00:46:05 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* util.c (push_element): avoid warning for djgpp.
-
-Sat Mar 23 01:50:30 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (read_all): files on /proc filesystem with zero stat size,
-	  may have contents.
-
-Fri Mar 22 18:07:29 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (tcp_s_gethostbyname): refactored.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_gethostbyname): ditto.
-
-Fri Mar 22 16:46:54 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: replace mkdir with mkpath to compile racc/cparse.
-
-Fri Mar 22 16:22:55 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* the VMS support patch submitted by Akiyoshi, Masamichi
-	  <Masamichi.Akiyoshi@jp.compaq.com> is merged.
-
-Fri Mar 22 16:27:24 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/racc/parser.rb: new file.
-
-	* ext/racc/MANIFEST, cparse.c, depend, extconf.rb: new files.
-
-	* lib/README: add racc/parser.rb.
-
-	* ext/Setup*: add racc/cparse.
-
-Fri Mar 22 15:04:03 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (exec_under): changing ruby_class is OK, but should not
-	  alter cbase.
-
-	* eval.c (yield_under_i): ditto.
-
-Fri Mar 22 15:44:38 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* ext/strscan/MANIFEST, strscan.c, depend, extconf.rb: new files.
-
-	* ext/Setup*: add strscan entry.
-
-Fri Mar 22 14:32:14 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: Protocol#start should return self.
-
-Fri Mar 22 14:14:21 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: fix arguments to create exceptions.
-	  Patch from matt@lickey.com.  (ruby-bugs:PR#278)
-
-Fri Mar 22 13:51:11 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/bigfloat/.cvsignore, ext/bigfloat/MANIFEST: BigFloat 1.1.8
-	  has been imported.  Add .cvsignore and MANIFEST.
-
-Fri Mar 22 04:07:55 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_printf): discard meaningless prefix ".." for '%u'.
-
-Thu Mar 21 01:11:37 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (config.status): fix install path (prefix).
-
-Thu Mar 21 01:03:05 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/configsub.rb: latest autoconf style support.
-
-Wed Mar 20 22:16:25 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: close duplicated $stdout before renaming rbconfig.rb.
-
-Wed Mar 20 21:54:17 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: made variables configurable.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (config.h): updates RUBY_PLATFORM from
-	  Makefile.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (config.status): ditto. and use recent
-	  autoconf format.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (clean): separate ext and local clean up.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (distclean): ditto.
-
-	* win32/config.status.in: no longer used.
-
-Wed Mar 20 20:12:35 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_list): a temporary table must be freed.
-
-Wed Mar 20 19:44:09 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: don't touch rbconfig.rb if there is a trouble.
-
-Wed Mar 20 16:05:37 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): should check receiver only once.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): should handle NODE_NEWLINE.
-
-Wed Mar 20 11:29:25 2002  Aristarkh A Zagorodnikov  <xm@xml-objects.com>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): memory leak fixed.
-
-Wed Mar 20 00:36:43 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* util.c (ruby_getcwd): the content of buf is uncertain and must
-	  not be printed when getcwd(buf, size) has failed.
-
-Mon Mar 18 22:19:52 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (check_modifiable): wrong declaration.
-
-Mon Mar 18 18:04:05 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/digest: add depend file.
-
-	* ext/digest/md5: ditto.
-
-	* ext/digest/rmd160: ditto.
-
-	* ext/digest/sha1: ditto.
-
-	* ext/digest/sha2: ditto.
-
-	* ext/iconv/MANIFEST: ditto.
-
-	* ext/stringio/MANIFEST: ditto.
-
-	* ext/syslog: ditto.
-
-Mon Mar 18 17:18:06 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_abort): should not bypass cleanup.
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (check_modifiable): void function.
-
-Mon Mar 18 12:52:01 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/iconv/extconf.rb: workaround for GNU libiconv.
-
-Mon Mar 18 10:55:03 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_string): part of multi-byte sequence must not
-	  match to paren.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_qstring): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_quotedwords): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): handle multi-byte characters.
-
-Mon Mar 18 10:31:20 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_find): catch a value before recycle.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_all): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_any): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_min): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_max): ditto.
-
-Sun Mar 17 20:08:04 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/iconv/depend: added. 
-
-	* ext/stringio/depend: added. 
-
-Sat Mar 16 22:43:53 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* missing/fileblocks.c: add for autoconf.
-
-Sat Mar 16 15:30:40 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): should clear last_match if pos is out of
-	  string range.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_index_m): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rindex): ditto.
-
-Sat Mar 16 09:04:58 2002  Koji Arai <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_inject): use the first iterated element as the
-	  initial value when omitted.
-
-	* enum.c (inject_i): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (Init_Enumerable): Enumerable#inject now takes variable
-	  count arguments.
-
-Fri Mar 15 19:47:31 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (StartSockets): remove duplicated lines.
-
-Fri Mar 15 17:44:08 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c, intern.h (rb_ull2big, rb_ll2big, rb_ull2inum, rb_ll2inum,
-	  big2ull, rb_big2ull, rb_big2ll): use LONG_LONG macro instead of
-	  long long.
-
-	* numeric.c, intern.h, ruby.h (rb_num2ll, rb_num2ull): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.h: use _I64_MAX and _I64_MIN if they are defined (for VC++).
-
-Fri Mar 15 14:02:43 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/iconv/iconv.c: fixed document, Iconv#new is no longer an
-	  iterator. thanks to Tanaka Akira <akr@m17n.org>.
-
-Thu Mar 14 22:17:45 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/iconv: imported.
-
-Thu Mar 14 16:42:37 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class): should handle autoload.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_module): ditto.
-
-Thu Mar 14 16:18:12 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: autoconf 2.53 support. use AC_LIBOBJ.
-
-Thu Mar 14 00:29:12 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_match): should clear $~ if operand is nil.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_match2): ditto.
-
-Thu Mar 14 12:32:59 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c: fixed frozen string bug.  ungetc no
-	  longer raises on readonly stream unless modifies actually.
-
-Thu Mar 14 08:57:41 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (rb_push_glob): avoid SEGV when a block given.
-
-Thu Mar 14 00:16:02 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_subpat_set): must make str independent after
-	  rb_reg_search() matched.
-
-Wed Mar 13 19:05:15 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* dir.c: FNM_PERIOD is obsoleted and FNM_DOTMATCH is introduced
-	  instead, which has the opposite meaning of FNM_PERIOD.
-
-	* dir.c: Dir::glob now accepts optional FNM_* flags via the second
-	  argument, whereas Dir::[] doesn't.
-
-Wed Mar 13 18:36:55 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/getopts.rb: single_options can be nil[*], and is not not
-	  optional. ([*]Pointed out by gotoken)
-
-Wed Mar 13 17:23:46 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure: merge Jonathan Baker's large file support patch
-	  [ruby-talk:35316], with read_all patch in [ruby-talk:35470].
-
-Wed Mar 13 04:06:48 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_abort): optional message argument that be printed
-	  on termination.
-
-Tue Mar 12 17:12:06 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: don't complete domains for absolute FQNs.
-
-Mon Mar 11 23:08:48 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/tsort.rb: new file.
-
-Mon Mar 11 21:03:37 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/stringio: new.
-
-Mon Mar 11 18:03:37 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): '\0111' should be '\011' plus '1',
-	  since octal literals are formed by three digits at most.
-
-Mon Mar 11 14:44:38 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): module inclusion using extend() should
-	  also be detected.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_cmd): cbase should not be NULL; it should be
-	  either ruby_wrapper or Object.
-
-Sun Mar 10 02:18:22 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_each_with_index): should return self.
-
-	* process.c (proc_setpgrp): should return value for non-void function.
-
-	* process.c (proc_getpgid): should raise exception if getpgid() return -1.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_ljust): should return a duplicated string.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rjust): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_center): ditto.
-
-Sat Mar  9 08:45:58 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb (have_struct_member): don't print checked
-	result.
-
-Fri Mar  8 12:19:15 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: use its own thread group for background threads.
-
-Fri Mar  8 02:21:32 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (cvar_cbase): utility function to find innermost non
-	  singleton cbase.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): adopt new cvar behavior.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (assign): ditto.
-
-Thu Mar  7 20:08:25 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_source_filename): added. holds unique strings for file
-	  names with GC space.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): mark source file name.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c (Init_GC): initialize source file name table.
-
-	* intern.h (rb_source_filename): added.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_string): use rb_source_filename().
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_script): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): ditto.
-
-Wed Mar  6 17:58:08 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): use LoadLibrary instead of LoadLibraryEx.
-
-Wed Mar  6 16:50:37 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_mod_clone): should not call rb_obj_clone(), since
-	  Module does not provide "allocate".
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class): should create new singleton class
-	  if obj is a class or module and attached object is different,
-	  which means metaclass of singleton class is sought.
-
-	* time.c (time_s_alloc): now follows allocation framework.
-
-Tue Mar  5 05:56:29 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/getopts.rb: Rewrite to fix some bugs and complete features.
-	  - Accept options with the colon in the first argument;
-	    getopts("a:bcd:") is equivalent to getopts("bc", "a:", "d:").
-	  - Do not discard the argument that caused an error.
-	  - Do not discard '-', which commonly stands for stdin or stdout.
-	  - Allow specifying a long option with a value using '='.
-	    (command --long-option=value)
-	  - Stop reading options when it meets a non-option argument.
-
-Mon Mar  4 13:19:18 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (dir_config): Sync with mkmf.rb: Fix a bug where
-	  --with-xx-{include,lib} is ignored when --with-xx-dir is
-	  specified.
-
-Mon Mar  4 00:09:55 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should initialize outer class variables from
-	  methods in singleton class definitions.
-
-	* eval.c (assign): ditto.
-
-Fri Mar  1 11:29:10 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/{addinfo.h,getaddrinfo.c} (gai_strerror): add const
-	  qualifier only for uClibc.
-
-Fri Mar  1 11:22:51 2002  Amos Gouaux  <amos+ruby@utdallas.edu>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: added document.
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (getquotaroot): new method.
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (setacl): remove the rights if the rights
-	  parameter is nil.
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (getacl): return an array of MailboxACLItem.
-
-Fri Mar  1 06:25:49 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb (have_struct_member): new method.
-	  check msg_control and msg_accrights in struct msghdr.  check
-	  sys/uio.h.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: include sys/uio.h if available.
-	  (thread_read_select): new function.
-	  (unix_send_io): ditto.
-	  (unix_recv_io): ditto.
-	  (unix_s_socketpair): ditto.
-	  (Init_socket): define UNIXSocket#send_io, UNIXSocket#recv_io, 
-	  UNIXSocket.socketpair and UNIXSocket.pair.
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): fix typo.
-
-Wed Feb 27 16:30:50 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_include): load modules in argument order.
-
-	* st.c (st_init_table_with_size): num_bins should be prime numbers
-	  (no decrement).
-
-	* st.c (rehash): ditto.
-
-Wed Feb 27 13:18:49 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (READ_DATA_PENDING): uClibc support.
-
-	* random.c (rand_init): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/{addinfo.h,getaddrinfo.c} (gai_strerror): ditto.
-
-Wed Feb 27 07:05:17 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/sha2/sha2.c: Merge from rough.  Fix a couple of
-	  off-by-one errors in Aaron Gifford's code.
-
-	  Obtained from:  KAME via FreeBSD
-	  KAME PR:        393
-	  FreeBSD PR:     kern/34242
-
-Wed Feb 27 03:36:47 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c (fdbm_select): 1.7 behavior.
-
-	* ext/gdbm/gdbm.c (fgdbm_select): ditto.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/sdbm.c (fsdbm_select): ditto.
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c (fdbm_delete): adopt Hash#delete behavior.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/sdbm.c (fsdbm_delete): ditto.
-
-	* ext/gdbm/gdbm.c: need not to dup key to the block.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/sdbm.c : replace RuntimeError with SDBMError.
-
-Tue Feb 26 21:34:07 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_2comp): void function cannot return any value.
-
-Tue Feb 26 16:52:12 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_missing): NoMethod error messages for true, false,
-	  nil must respond visibility like for other objects.
-
-Tue Feb 26 15:41:30 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): call trace_func for if/while conditions.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): separate r_regist from proc calling.
-
-Tue Feb 26 11:25:50 2002  akira yamada  <akira@arika.org>
-
-	* lib/uri/generic.rb: merge0 shuld return [oth, oth] if oth is
-	  absolute URI. 
-
-	* lib/uri/generic.rb: registry part must not be allowed for any
-	  schemes for the Internet. (RFC2396, section 3.2.2 and 3.2.1.) 
-
-Mon Feb 25 21:22:41 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/syslog/syslog.c: Merge from rough.  Use SafeStringValue().
-
-Mon Feb 25 21:12:08 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/syslog/syslog.c: Merge from rough.  Turn Syslog into a
-	  module keeping backward compatibility intact.
-
-Mon Feb 25 19:35:48 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* sample/test.rb (system): test with scripts under the source
-	  directory.
-
-Mon Feb 25 15:14:01 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (method_inspect): should not dump core for unbound
-	  singleton methods.
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_to_s): better description.
-
-Mon Feb 25 13:32:13 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/shell.rb (Shell::expand_path): relative to @cwd.
-
-Mon Feb 25 06:30:11 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (env_select): should path the assoc list.
-
-Sun Feb 24 17:20:22 2002  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/*/*.h: Merge from rough.
-	  - Avoid namespace pollution. (MD5_* -> rb_Digest_MD5_*, etc.)
-
-Sat Feb 23 21:12:13 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_syswait): thread kludge; should be fixed to
-	  support native thread.
-
-Fri Feb 22 21:20:53 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: set read_timeout dynamically.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: @@newimpl is always true in the main trunk.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP.port -> default_port
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTPResponse.read_response_status ->
-	  read_status_line
-
-Fri Feb 22 19:56:15 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/config.status.in: set LIBRUBY_SO.
-
-Fri Feb 22 03:34:38 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (get2comp): need to specify to carry or not.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_inspect): embed path info.
-
-Fri Feb 22 11:30:01 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/prettyprint.rb: FillGroup implemented.
-
-Thu Feb 21 21:40:18 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (create_makefile): remove unnecessary -L option from
-	  LIBS macro.
-
-Thu Feb 21 02:49:12 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): wrong # comment treatment.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): ditto.
-
-Wed Feb 20 15:15:03 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* intern.h: prototypes; rb_io_addstr(), rb_io_printf(),
-	  rb_io_print(), rb_io_puts()
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_addstr): make extern.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_printf): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_print): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_puts): ditto.
-
-Wed Feb 20 13:41:35 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close): return Qnil.
-
-Wed Feb 20 12:41:59 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_any_cmp): should handle Qundef in keys.
-
-	* eval.c (remove_method): should not remove a empty method to
-	  implement "undef".
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should allow singleton class def for
-	  true/false/nil.
-
-Tue Feb 19 21:43:32 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: rename Protocol.port to default_port.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: rename BufferedSocket class to
-	  InternetMessageIO.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: rename InternetMessageIO#write_pendstr to
-	  write_message.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: new method
-	  InternetMessageIO#through_message.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: rename InternetMessageIO#read_pendstr to
-	  read_message_to.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: rename InternetMessageIO#read_pendlist to
-	  each_list_item
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: Now block size is 1024.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: new methods SMTP#esmtp? and #esmtp=.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: Using singleton method syntax instead of
-	  singleton class clause, to avoid behavior change of class
-	  variables in ruby 1.7.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTPResponse class does not inherit from
-	  Net::Response.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: devide HTTP#connecting into
-	  {begin,end}_transport.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: unused class Accumulator removed.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: Net::HTTP reads response. not HTTPRequest.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: proxy related class-instance-variables are not
-	  initialized correctly.
-
-Tue Feb 19 20:20:12 2002  Ed Sinjiashvili  <edsin@swes.saren.ru>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): backslash escape was done wrong.
-
-Tue Feb 19 17:10:25 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (path_check_1): do not fail on world writable *parent*
-	  directories too.
-
-Tue Feb 19 15:51:41 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (path_check_1): do not warn on world writable *parent*
-	  directories.
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): should preserve ancestor order in
-	  the included class/module.
-
-Tue Feb 19 14:45:32 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (path_check_1): should check directory sticky bits.
-
-	* process.c (security): need not to warn twice.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): complete restoration before calling
-	  r_regist(). 
-
-Tue Feb 19 14:24:36 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): operators in the "op" rule should make
-	  lex_state EXPR_ARG on EXPR_FNAME and EXPR_DOT.
-
-Tue Feb 19 13:38:10 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_string_wrap): should hide the toplevel local
-	  variable bindings by PUSH_SCOPE().
-
-Tue Feb 19 13:21:51 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c: fix prototypes of xmalloc(), xcalloc() and xrealloc().
-
-Tue Feb 19 13:16:08 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_ungetc): don't fail pushed EOF back.
-
-Mon Feb 18 20:48:40 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): avoid infinite loop at comment.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): ditto.
-
-Mon Feb 18 14:06:28 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-block-hanging-re): rescue block was too
-	  indented.
-
-Mon Feb 18 13:56:44 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (expr_value, arg_value, primary_value): value_expr()
-	  check in place.
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): "&nil" should clear block given.
-
-Mon Feb 18 02:05:56 2002  Wolfgang Jahrling <wolfgang@pro-linux.de>
-
-	* dir.c (push_braces): remove MAXPATHLEN dependency.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_globd): ditto.
-
-	* dln.c (init_funcname): ditto.
-
-	* dln.c (load_1): ditto.
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): ditto.
-
-	* configure.in: add GNU/Hurd switches.
-
-Fri Feb 15 17:44:26 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): allows comment in template strings.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): ditto.
-
-Sun Feb 17 23:41:37 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb (Config::expand): expand ${} too.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (try_link0): expand command.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (try_cpp): ditto.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (extmake): default $LIBPATH to $libdir
-
-Sun Feb 17 21:39:24 2002  Tetsuya Watanabe  <tetsuya.watanabe@nifty.com>
-
-	* ext/digest/md5/md5init.c (Init_md5): rb_cvar_declare() is
-	  replaced by rb_cvar_set().
-
-	* ext/digest/rmd160/rmd160init.c (Init_rmd160): ditto.
-
-	* ext/digest/sha1/sha1init.c (Init_sha1): ditto.
-
-	* ext/digest/sha2/sha2init.c (Init_sha2): ditto.
-
-Sun Feb 17 18:10:09 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class): warn unless superclass is specified
-	  explicitly.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class_under): ditto.
-
-Thu Feb 16 02:11:08 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-font-lock-keywords): fontify
-	  instance/class/global variables start with '_'.
-
-Fri Feb 15 14:40:38 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): replace rb_cvar_declare() by rb_cvar_set().
-
-	* eval.c (assign): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_set): 4th argument (warn) added; define new
-	  class variable if it's not defined yet.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_declare): removed.
-
-Fri Feb 15 13:36:58 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_rshift): should properly convert the nagative
-	  value to 2's compliment.
-
-Thu Feb 14 17:38:35 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y: avoid SEGV at OP_ASIGN to pseudo variable.
-
-Thu Feb 14 14:13:16 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* struct.c (Init_Struct): should undefine "allocate" for Struct
-	  class (it's redefined in the subclasses).
-
-Wed Feb 13 17:58:12 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): local variable declaration order was changed
-	  since 1.6
-
-	* parse.y (arg): ditto.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): add templates 'q' and 'Q'.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): ditto.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_quad_pack): new utility function.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_quad_unpack): ditto.
-
-Tue Feb 12 01:21:34 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): should emit CVASGN within the method
-	  body.
-
-Mon Feb 11 06:13:53 2002  Matt Armstrong  <matt@lickey.com>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_glob): should not warn even if no match found.
-
-Mon Feb 11 04:25:54 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): clean up class variable behavior.
-
-	* eval.c (assign): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_class_variables): need not to call rb_cvar_singleton().
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_singleton): removed.
-
-Mon Feb 11 00:10:41 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): skip begpos.
-
-Sun Feb 10 16:52:53 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): avoid SEGV on '#' only input.
-
-Fri Feb  8 23:07:23 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): singleton chech should be moved from yycompile
-	  to here.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): check should be added here too.
-
-Fri Feb  8 05:31:48 2002  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP.Proxy should use self for proxy-class's
-	  super class.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: initialize HTTP.proxy_port by HTTP.port.
-
-Fri Feb  8 01:27:33 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): should inherit "in_single" if eval happened
-	  in a singleton method.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): class variables from singleton methods defined
-	  within singleton class statement should work like ones defined
-	  by sington def statements.
-
-Thu Feb 07 13:44:08 2002  akira yamada  <akira@arika.org>
-
-	* uri/common.rb (URI::join): new method.
-
-	* uri/generic.rb (Generic#merge): URI.parse("http://a/")+"b" should
-	  return "http://a/b" but it returned "http://a//b".
-
-	* uri/generic.rb (Generic#check_path): corrected error message, 
-	  @path -> v
-
-Thu Feb  7 00:18:43 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (io_write): flag when buffered write is done.
-
-	* io.c (fptr_finalize): do not raise error on EBADF if write
-	  buffer is empty.
-
-Wed Feb  6 17:18:54 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: keep old config.h unless changed.
-
-Wed Feb  6 13:28:53 2002  Amos Gouaux  <amos+ruby@utdallas.edu>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: OpenSSL support.
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (setquota): unset quota if the second argument
-	is nil.
-
-Wed Feb  6 13:05:11 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_readlines): avoid calling GetOpenFile() repeatedly.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_each_line): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (argf_getline): ditto.
-
-	* process.c: should include <time.h> to get proper CLK_TCK.
-
-Wed Feb  6 02:10:30 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (fptr_finalize): ignore EBADF when f and f2 use same
-	  descriptor.
-
-Tue Feb  5 16:17:20 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (fptr_finalize): should raise error when fclose fails.
-
-	* eval.c (method_inspect): proper output format to distinguish
-	  methods and singleton methods.
-
-Mon Feb  4 22:44:58 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): should terminate.
-
-Mon Feb  4 15:38:29 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_class_real): should not follow ICLASS link
-
-	* variable.c (classname): should follow ICLASS link explicitly.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): ditto.
-
-Fri Feb  1 19:10:04 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* intern.h: prototypes for new functions; rb_cstr_to_inum(),
-	  rb_str_to_inum(), rb_cstr_to_dbl(), rb_str_to_dbl()
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr_to_inum): changed from rb_cstr2inum(), and
-	  added argument badcheck to be consistent with parser. [new]
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_str_to_inum): ditto.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): wapper of rb_cstr_to_inum() now.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_str2inum): ditto.
-
-	* object.c (rb_cstr_to_dbl): float number parser. [new]
-
-	* object.c (rb_str_to_dbl): ditto.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Float): use rb_cstr_to_dbl() for strict check.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Integer): use rb_str_to_inum() for strict check.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_to_f): use rb_str_to_dbl() with less check.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_to_i): use rb_str_to_inum() with less check.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_hex): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_oct): ditto.
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): ditto.
-
-	* time.c (obj2long): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): use rb_cstr_to_inum() for strict check.
-
-Fri Feb  1 17:46:39 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (mbc_startpos): become macro.
-
-	* regex.c (euc_startpos): added for improvement.
-
-	* regex.c (sjis_startpos): ditto.
-
-	* regex.c (utf8_startpos): ditto.
-
-Fri Feb  1 00:03:30 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_inspect): print dev, rdev in hexadecimal.
-
-Thu Jan 31 20:45:33 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (dir_config): prior --with flag.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (arg_config): avoid special variables for
-	  font-lock-mode.
-
-Thu Jan 31 13:22:36 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/pp.rb (File::Stat#pretty_print): print rdev_major and rdev_minor.
-
-Wed Jan 30 15:58:04 2002  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_adjust_startpos): fix for SJIS and UTF-8. 
-
-	* regex.c (mbc_startpos): ditto.
-
-Wed Jan 30 13:37:05 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): should set regs.allocated.
-
-Wed Jan 30 02:25:38 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_adjust_startpos): search start of multibyte
-	  backward.
-
-	* regex.c (mbc_startpos): ditto.
-
-Tue Jan 29 17:59:20 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* file.c: `major' and `minor' macro needs sys/mkdev.h on SunOS 5.x.
-
-	* configure.in: add check for `sys/mkdev.h'.
-
-	* lib/pp.rb: don't print a mode File::Stat as decimal number.
-
-Mon Jan 28 19:16:58 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_fill): shouldn't yield unless block given.
-
-Mon Jan 28 18:33:18 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): strict check for numbers.
-
-Mon Jan 28 18:01:01 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_rdev_major): added. [new]
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_rdev_minor): added. [new]
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_inspect): print mode in octal.
-
-Mon Jan 28 13:29:41 2002  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): defined?(Foo::Baz) should check constants
-	  only, no methods.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): should not dump core on defined?(a::b)
-	  where a is not a class nor a module.
-
-Mon Jan 28 02:50:12 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): remove dup and clone from TrueClass,
-	  FalseClass, and NilClass.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_fill): Array#fill takes block to get the value to
-	  fill.
-
-Sat Jan 26 20:05:18 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_to_i): to_i(0) auto-detects base radix.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_initialize): fill by the block evaluation value
-	  if block is given.
-
-Fri Jan 25 17:48:43 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (solaris): add '-shared' only for GNU ld.
-
-Fri Jan 25 17:16:23 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): detect cyclic module inclusion.
-
-Fri Jan 25 02:17:56 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_cleanup): need not to free thread stacks at
-	  process termination.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_fetch): use the block to get the default value
-	  if the block is given.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): should check time only if BOTH
-	  WAIT_SELECT and WAIT_TIME.
-
-Thu Jan 24 11:49:05 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (umethod_bind): should update rklass field.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_update): if a block is given, yields [key,
-	  value1, value2] to the block to resolve conflict.
-
-Thu Jan 24 05:42:01 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_m): no need to consider KANJI
-	characters, if the length of separator is 1 (byte).
-
-Wed Jan 23 16:07:31 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (Init_Array): remove Array#filter.
-
-Wed Jan 23 13:27:44 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): restore source file/line after yield.
-
-Wed Jan 23 02:00:14 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_initialize): should accept zero argument.
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_cmp): should raise ArgumentError if
-	  inheritance/inclusion relation between two classes/modules is
-	  not defined. [new]
-
-Tue Jan 22 17:45:23 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fsync): new method. [new]
-
-Mon Jan 21 22:57:18 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* signal.c (ruby_signal): must define sighandler_t for every
-	  occasion.
-
-Mon Jan 21 08:25:30 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_stop): should not trace error handler.
-
-	* signal.c (install_sighandler): do not install sighandler unless
-	  the old value is SIG_DFL.
-
-	* io.c (io_write): should not raise exception on O_NONBLOCK io.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_set_pos): seek should return dir, pos= should not.
-
-Sat Jan 19 02:31:45 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): need not to clar method cache for NODE_CLASS,
-	  NODE_SCLASS.
-
-	* gc.c (obj_free): need not to clear method cache on class/module
-	  finalization.
-
-Fri Jan 18 23:38:03 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_fetch): index out of range raises exception
-	  unless optional second argument is specified.
-
-Fri Jan 18 17:32:09 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_new): block check moved from initialize to this
-	  method.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_open): open should call initialize too. IO#for_fd
-	  also calls initialize. [new]
-
-Fri Jan 18 10:26:33 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (rb_sys_fail): replace INT2FIX() by INT2NUM() since
-	  errno value may not fit in Fixnum size on Hurd.
-
-	* error.c (set_syserr): ditto.
-
-Fri Jan 18 10:12:00 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (tcp_svr_s_open): fix typo.
-
-Fri Jan 18 02:27:48 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_glob): returns nil if block given.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_each_byte): should return self.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close_m): close check added.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_seek): should return pos.
-
-Fri Jan 18 01:21:53 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (fixpos): orig may be (NODE*)1, which should not be
-	  dereferenced.
-
-Thu Jan 17 16:21:42 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): allow "retry" from within argument passed
-	  block. [new]
-
-	* eval.c (localjump_error): should preserve exit status in the
-	  exception object. [new]
-
-	* eval.c (proc_invoke): should raise exception for "break" if it's
-	  yielding, not calling. [new]
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): should NOT raise exception for "break". [new]
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): should allow block argument relay even in
-	  the tainted mode.
-
-Thu Jan 17 04:51:48 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: support subclassing by proper "initialize"
-	  calling convention. [new]
-
-Wed Jan 16 18:25:08 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* st.c: primes should be primes.
-
-Wed Jan 16 12:29:14 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/timeout.rb (timeout): new optional argument to specify an
-	  exception class.
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: use Resolv::ResolvTimeout for internal timeout to
-	  avoid problem with timeout of application.
-
-Wed Jan 16 11:12:30 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_Float): remove underscores between digits.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): reject prefix followed by spaces only.
-
-	* class.c (rb_class_inherited): should use Object when no super
-	  class.
-
-Tue Jan 15 01:11:44 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): method defined? check should honor
-	  protected too.
-
-Mon Jan 14 13:06:02 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): should not pass tainted block, if $SAFE > 0.
-
-Sun Jan 13 09:31:41 2002  Koji Arai  <jca02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_remove_cvar): should pass the char*.
-
-Fri Jan 11 05:06:25 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* class.c (rb_make_metaclass): [new]
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class_id): use rb_make_metaclass(), don't
-	  call Class#inherited hook.
-
-	* class.c (rb_class_inherited): [new]
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class): call Class#inherited hook here.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class_under): ditto after class path is set.
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class): use rb_make_metaclass().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): same as rb_define_class_under().
-
-	* intern.h: prototypes of rb_make_metaclass() and
-	  rb_class_inherited().
-
-	* object.c (rb_class_s_new): use rb_make_metaclass() and
-	  rb_class_inherited().
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): use rb_make_metaclass().
-
-	* struct.c (make_struct): use rb_class_inherited().
-
-Thu Jan 10 19:15:15 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_add_method): should clear cache by id always.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_disable_super): no longer need to clear cache before
-	  rb_add_method().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_export_method): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_attr): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_undef): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_modfunc): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): ditto.
-
-Thu Jan 10 11:42:47 2002  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/resource.rb: Modify copyright in resource script.
-
-Thu Jan 10 07:15:44 2002  takuma ozawa  <metal@mine.ne.jp>
-
-	* re.c (match_select): should propagate taintness.
-
-Thu Jan 10 00:54:57 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_set_default): Hash#default= should return the
-	  new value.
-
-Wed Jan  9 20:21:09 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-calculate-indent): indentation after
-	  comment at beginning of buffer failed.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (font-lock-defaults): unless XEmacs, set
-	  font-lock variables in ruby-mode-hook.
-
-Tue Jan  8 15:56:20 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_to_i): accepts optional base argument. [new]
-
-	* numeric.c (rb_fix2str): should not handle negative fixnum values
-	  int32 via calling sprintf() directly.
-
-Tue Jan  8 15:54:02 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_add_method): clear replaced method from the cache.
-
-Mon Jan  7 12:38:47 2002  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/time.rb (Time#xmlschema): new optional argument
-	fractional_seconds to specify a number of digits of
-	fractional part of the time.
-
-Sat Jan  5 13:18:11 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* range.c (range_member): beginning check was
-	  wrong. [ruby-talk:30252]
-
-Sat Jan  5 03:07:34 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_new2): NULL pointer check added.
-
-Sat Jan  5 00:19:12 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): strdup()'ed twice.
-
-Fri Jan  4 18:29:10 2002  Michal Rokos  <m.rokos@sh.cvut.cz>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_module_under): should locate predefined
-	  module using rb_const_defined_at().
-
-Fri Jan  4 17:23:49 2002  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-forward-string): forward a string. [new]
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-region): handle nested parentheses
-	  in a string and terminators in #{}.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-calculate-indent): ditto.
-
-Wed Jan  2 23:34:25 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): add -I. to CPPFLAGS.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): srcdir support(.def and depend file).
-
-Wed Jan  2 11:51:56 2002  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_system): abandon vfork.
-
-	* io.c (pipe_open): ditto.
-
-Tue Jan  1 02:16:48 2002  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/curses/extconf.rb: add dir_config.
-
-	* Makefile.in (fake.rb): set RUBY_VERSION.
-
-Mon Dec 31 14:20:46 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): always store copy of filename.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_compile_file): no longer need to strdup() here.
-
-Mon Dec 31 05:26:40 2001  Ferris McCormick  <fmccor@inforead.com>
-
-	* defines.h: sparc linux needs different FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS
-
-Mon Dec 31 04:27:28 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@mx.edit.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: Protocol#start returns the return value of
-	  block.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: set timeout limit by default.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: new methods WriteAdapter#write, puts,
-	  print, printf.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: rename HTTP#get2 to request_get, post2 to
-	  request_post ...
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: should not resolve HELO domain automatically.
-
-Sun Dec 30 00:59:16 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb (have_library): accept -lm
-	  unconditionally on mswin32/mingw32.
-
-Sat Dec 29 01:55:42 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): abandon stclass optimization.
-
-Fri Dec 28 14:39:05 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_cmpint): fixed typo.
-
-Thu Dec 27 18:43:04 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): deny "0_".
-
-Thu Dec 27 01:54:02 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): allow "0\n" and so on.
-
-Wed Dec 26 19:24:21 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (rb_invalid_str): utility function to show inspect()'ed
-	  string.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): prints invalid strings in inspect()'ed
-	  format.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Float): ditto.
-
-Wed Dec 26 02:41:29 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_convert_type): no longer use rb_rescue().
-
-Tue Dec 25 18:32:16 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): initialize taint status of match object.
-
-Tue Dec 25 02:37:49 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/pp.rb, lib/prettyprint.rb: new files.
-
-Tue Dec 25 02:11:17 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_convert_type): check method responce check before
-	  invoking rb_rescue().
-
-	* object.c (rb_check_convert_type): ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 24 02:37:40 2001  Le Wang  <lewang@bigfoot.com>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-font-lock-syntactic-keywords):
-	  fix font-lock problem [ruby-talk:29296].
-
-Sat Dec 22 22:52:14 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_timeval): wrong cast to time_t.
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): ditto.
-
-Fri Dec 21 20:33:34 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): make up "#$;" handling.
-
-Fri Dec 21 16:18:17 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* dln.h, ruby.h, util.h: enable prototypes in C++.
-
-Fri Dec 21 15:12:41 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): result should not be negative unless
-	  NEGATIVE_TIME_T is defined.
-
-	* time.c (time_new_internal): should check tv_sec overflow too.
-
-	* time.c (time_timeval): should check time_t range when time is
-	  initialized from float.
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): uses modf(3).
-
-Fri Dec 21 03:15:52 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): must not convert Method to Proc.
-
-Fri Dec 21 01:17:57 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (with_destdir): new.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: prefix target directories with $(DESTDIR) all.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: no need to mkdir $(libdir)
-
-Thu Dec 20 14:08:20 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: rename Net::Socket to Net::BufferedSocket
-
-Thu Dec 20 13:51:52 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_set): add frozen class/module check.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_declare): add frozen class/module check.
-
-Thu Dec 20 01:01:50 2001  takuma ozawa  <metal@mine.ne.jp>
-
-	* re.c (match_to_a): should propagate taint.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_quote): ditto.
-
-Wed Dec 19 16:58:29 2001  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c: new methods
-	Readline::basic_word_break_characters,
-	Readline::basic_word_break_characters=,
-	Readline::completer_word_break_characters,
-	Readline::completer_word_break_characters=,
-	Readline::basic_quote_characters,
-	Readline::basic_quote_characters=,
-	Readline::completer_quote_characters,
-	Readline::completer_quote_characters=,
-	Readline::filename_quote_characters,
-	Readline::filename_quote_characters=.
-
-Wed Dec 19 14:05:00 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): define_method should follow
-	  default method visibility.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_attr): should warn if the default method visibility
-	  is "module_function" (can be error). 
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): should define class/module method
-	  also if the visibility is "module_function".
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): should call hook method
-	  "method_added", and "singleton_method_added".
-
-Wed Dec 19 11:42:13 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c: use RESIZE_CAPA for capacity change.
-
-Wed Dec 19 03:08:40 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/time.rb: date.rb is not required anymore.
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: fix document.  refine IPv6 regex.
-
-Tue Dec 18 23:24:53 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (Init_socket): add listen method to
-	  TCPServer and UNIXServer.
-
-Tue Dec 18 17:54:53 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sample/test.rb: Hash#indexes -> Hash#select.
-
-Tue Dec 18 01:02:13 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): should not select a thread which is
-	  not yet initialized.
-
-Mon Dec 17 18:53:49 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_replace): swap arguments of OBJ_INFECT.
-
-Mon Dec 17 16:52:20 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* intern.h: add prototypes.
-	  rb_gc_enable(), rb_gc_disable(), rb_gc_start(), rb_str_new5()
-	  rb_str_buf_append(), rb_str_buf_cat(), rb_str_buf_cat2(),
-	  rb_str_dup_frozen()
-
-	* ruby.h: added declaration.
-	  rb_defout, rb_stdin, rb_stdout, rb_stderr, ruby_errinfo
-
-	* rubyio.h: changed double include guard macro to RUBYIO_H.
-
-	* array.c (inspect_call): make static.
-
-	* eval.c (dvar_asgn): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close_read): ditto.
-
-	* lex.c (rb_reserved_word): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.c: (req_list_head, req_list_last): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.c (require_libraries): ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 17 15:41:24 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): wrong boundary check.
-
-	* time.c (time_minus): ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 17 15:19:32 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* time.c: new method `gmtoff', `gmt_offset' and `utc_offset'.
-	(time_utc_offset): new function.
-	(Init_Time): bind above methods to `time_utc_offset'.
-
-	* time.c: 64bit time_t support.
-	(time_s_at): use NUM2LONG instead of NUM2INT for tv_sec.
-	(time_arg): initialize tm_isdst correctly.
-	use long to initialize tm_year.
-	(search_time_t): renamed from `make_time_t'.
-	(make_time_t): call `timegm' and `mktime' instead of `search_time_t'
-	if available.
-	(time_to_i): use LONG2NUM instead of INT2NUM.
-	(time_localtime): check localtime failure.
-	(time_gmtime): check gmtime failure.
-	(time_year): use LONG2NUM instead of INT2FIX.
-	(time_to_a): use long for tm_year.
-	(time_dump): check tm_year which is not representable with 17bit.
-	(time_load): initialize tm_isdst.
-
-	* configure.in: check existence of `mktime' and `timegm'.
-	check existence of tm_gmtoff field of struct tm.
-	fix negative time_t for 64bit time_t.
-
-	* missing/strftime.c: fix overflow by tm_year + 1900.
-
-	* lib/time.rb: use Time#utc_offset.
-
-Mon Dec 17 00:02:04 2001  Guy Decoux  <ts@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* variable.c (find_class_path): should initialize iv_tbl if it's
-	  NULL.
-
-Fri Dec 14 04:23:36 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: new method Net::POP3.APOP
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: set default Content-Type to
-	  x-www-form-urlencoded (causes warning)
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: remove Net::NetPrivate module.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: ditto.
-
-Fri Dec 14 00:16:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class): should return the existing class if
-	  the class is already defined and its superclass is ideintical to
-	  the specified superclass.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class_under): ditto.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_module): should return the existing module if
-	  the module is already defined.
-
-Thu Dec 13 09:52:59 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_new_internal): avoid loop to calculate negative
-	  div, mod.
-
-	* time.c (time_cmp): should handle Bignums.
-
-Tue Dec 11 17:39:16 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_pop): should ELTS_SHARED flag check before
-	  REALLOC.
-
-Tue Dec 11 12:45:28 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_match_m): should convert an argument into
-	  regexp if it's a string.
-
-Tue Dec 11 03:40:23 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_select): Array#select(n,m,...) now works like
-	  Array#indexes(n,m,..). [new, experimental]
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_select): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_select): ditto.
-
-	* re.c (match_select): ditto.
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_select): ditto.
-
-Tue Dec 11 03:17:19 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_class_real): follow included modules.
-
-Mon Dec 10 23:37:51 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* util.h: change prototype of ruby_qsort() to accord with its
-	  definition.
-
-Mon Dec 10 20:30:01 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (STR_ASSOC): use FL_USER3 instead of FL_USER2.
-
-Mon Dec 10 17:40:02 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): make up pushback call.
-
-Mon Dec 10 02:09:28 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_modify): should copy the internal buffer if the
-	  modifying buffer is shared.
-
-	* array.c (ary_make_shared): make an internal buffer of an array
-	  to be shared.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_shift): avoid sliding an internal buffer by
-	  using shared buffer.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_subseq): avoid copying the buffer.
-
-Mon Dec 10 01:06:56 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (gettable): should freeze __FILE__ string.
-
-Sun Dec  9 18:06:26 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: calls on_connect before conn_command
-
-Sat Dec  8 23:27:44 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_puts): old behavoir restored.  rationale: a) if you
-	  want to call to_s for arrays, you can just call print a, "\n".
-	  b) to_s wastes memory if array (and sum of its contents) is
-	  huge.  c) now any object that has to_ary is treated as an array,
-	  using rb_check_convert_type().
-
-Sat Dec  8 22:40:38 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_initialize): now accepts a block to calculate
-	  the default value. [new]
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_aref): call "default" method to get the value
-	  corrensponding to the non existing key.  
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_default): get the default value based on the
-	  block given to 'new'.  Now it takes an optinal "key" argument.
-	  "default" became the method to get the value for non existing
-	  key.  Users may override "default" method to change the hash
-	  behavior.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_set_default): clear the flag if a block is given
-	  to 'new'
-
-Sat Dec  8 02:29:54 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): undef Data.allocate, left Data.new.
-
-Fri Dec  7 19:12:14 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: SMTP.new requires at least one arg.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: POP.new requires at least one arg.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: uses "raise *Error.new" instead of simple raise.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP.new requires at least one arg.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: changes implicit start algolithm.
-
-Fri Dec  7 15:49:39 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: ignore adding -Wl,-R to DLDFLAGS when the directory
-	  is $topdir.
-
-Fri Dec  7 13:58:58 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (window_scrollok): use RTEST().
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (window_idlok): ditto.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (window_keypad): ditto.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (window_idlok): idlok() may return void on
-	  some platforms; so don't use return value.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (window_scrollok): ditto for consistency.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c: replace FIX2INT() by typechecking NUM2INT().
-
-Fri Dec  7 09:51:00 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): should not process immature #$x and
-	  #@x interpolation, e.g #@#@ etc.
-
-Fri Dec  7 03:21:18 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_sort_by): sort_by does not have to be stable always.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_sort_by): call qsort directly to gain performance.
-
-Thu Dec  6 18:52:28 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: add -Wl,-R flags to DLDFLAGS on netbsdelf.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-Thu Dec  6 09:15:14 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* util.c (ruby_qsort): ruby_qsort(qs6) is now native thread safe.
-
-	* error.c (rb_sys_fail): it must be a bug if it's called when
-	  errno == 0.
-
-Wed Dec  5 23:36:56 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (WC2MBC1ST): should not pass through > 0x80 number in UTF-8.
-
-Wed Dec  5 20:05:18 2001  Florian Frank  <flori@ping.de>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_send): should raise EWOULDBLOCK
-	  exception.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_recvfrom): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_accept): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (udp_send): ditto.
-
-Tue Dec  4 17:43:10 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.h (DUPSETUP): new SETUP macro for duplication.
-
-	* time.c (time_dup): implement in Time class using DUPSETUP.
-
-	* time.c (time_getlocaltime): new method;  probably requires
-	  better name than getlocaltime. [new,experimental]
-
-	* time.c (time_getgmtime): ditto.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_dup): uses DUPSETUP.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dup): uses DUPSETUP.  now properly copies
-	  instance variables too.
-
-Tue Dec  4 03:49:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (io_fread): EAGAIN/EWOULDBLOCK should not terminate and
-	  throw away the input.
-
-	* time.c (time_new_internal): underflow adjustment must not use
-	  negative div/mod.
-
-	* time.c (time_cmp): should consider tv_usec on non Fixnum number
-	  comparison.
-Sun Dec  9 23:00:54 2001  Keiju Ishitsuka <keiju@ishitsuka.com>
-	* matrix.rb: Vector#* bug. reported from Massimiliano Mirra
-	<info@chromatic-harp.com>. 
-	
-Sun Dec  9 22:15:59 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_sort_by): should replace with last elements.
-
-Mon Dec  3 16:06:57 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: remove -L/usr/local/lib.
-
-	* configure.in: add -Wl,-export-dynamic on NetBSD.
-
-Mon Dec  3 16:04:16 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: not use X11BASE, since it's not always set.
-
-Mon Dec  3 13:53:49 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* time.c (rb_strftime): buffer length condition was wrong.
-
-	* time.c (time_strftime): should backup buf to the original
-	  buffer.
-
-Mon Dec  3 09:59:08 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): must detect result overflow.
-
-	* time.c (time_minus): ditto.
-
-	* time.c (time_new_internal): round usec overflow and underflow
-	  here. 
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): move operand overflow/underflow check to
-	  time_new_internal().
-
-	* time.c (time_minus): ditto.
-
-	* time.c (time_cmp): should consider tv_usec too.
-
-Mon Dec  3 03:32:22 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: apply patch from NetBSD's pkgsrc (patch-aa).
-
-Sun Dec  2 22:01:52 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: use GCC, not without_gcc. remove without_gcc.
-
-	* ext/curses/extconf.rb: check for curses.h.
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb: check if $CFLAGS includes DBM_HDR.
-
-Sat Dec  1 12:13:20 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_gmtime): time_modify() should be called even if tm
-	  struct is not calculated yet.
-
-Fri Nov 30 17:02:55 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: set target_cpu to i386 on cygwin and mingw32.
-	
-	* configure.in: default --enable-shared to yes on cygwin and mingw32.
-
-Fri Nov 30 00:25:28 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* README.EXT: Appendix B is duplicated.
-
-	* README.EXT.ja: ditto.
-
-Thu Nov 29 00:28:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_equal): object with to_str must be treated as a
-	  string.
-
-Wed Nov 28 18:46:28 2001  Ville Mattila  <mulperi@iki.fi>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_select): should subtract timeofday() from
-	  limit, not reverse.
-
-Wed Nov 28 16:03:28 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* util.c (scan_hex): x is not a hexadecimal digit.
-
-Wed Nov 28 13:38:04 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): should treat the case that
-	  select(2) returns 0, if a thread is under both WAIT_SELECT and
-	  WAIT_TIME.  Jakub Travnik <J.Travnik@sh.cvut.cz> actually fixed
-	  this bug.
-
-Tue Nov 27 02:15:25 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_float): must distinguish -0.0 from 0.0.
-
-Mon Nov 26 20:57:24 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/Setup*, ext/syslog/*: import the "syslog" module from the
-	  rough ruby project.
-
-Mon Nov 26 16:14:42 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_all): tweak mark order for little bit better scan.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): ditto.
-
-Mon Nov 26 16:54:59 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mypopen): fixed that mypclose() didn't really close
-	  pipe.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (CreateChild): set STARTF_USESTDHANDLES flag only
-	  when some handles are passed.
-
-Mon Nov 26 16:31:28 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (sort_by_i): slight performance boost.
-
-Sun Nov 25 21:02:18 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): change types of second and third arguments
-	  from char to int.
-
-Thu Nov 22 20:15:28 2001  TAMURA Takashi  <sheepman@tcn.zaq.ne.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_rest): should call gc_mark_children(), not gc_mark().
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): may cause infinite looop.
-
-Thu Nov 22 00:28:13 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): should check nesting parentheses in #{}.
-
-Wed Nov 21 12:22:52 2001  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: CGI#header: do not set Apache.request.status for
-	Location: if Apache.request.status is already set.
-
-Wed Nov 21 02:24:18 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (pst_wstopsig): returns nil unless WIFSTOPPED() is
-	  non-zero.
-
-	* process.c (pst_wtermsig): returns nil unless WIFSIGNALED() is
-	  non-zero.
-
-	* process.c (pst_wexitstatus): returns nil unless WIFEXITED() is
-	  non-zero.
-
-Wed Nov 21 00:17:54 2001  Ville Mattila  <mulperi@iki.fi>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_select): tv_sec and tv_usec should not be
-	  negative.
-
-	* signal.c (posix_signal): do not set SA_RESTART for SIGVTALRM.
-
-Tue Nov 20 21:09:22 2001  Guy Decoux  <ts@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* parse.y (call_args2): block_arg may follow the first argument in
-	  call_args2.
-
-Tue Nov 20 02:01:15 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (stack_check): should avoid stack length check during
-	  raising SystemStackError exception.
-
-Tue Nov 20 01:07:13 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): should not terminate string interpolation
-	  with newlines in here-docs and newline terminated strings.
-
-Mon Nov 19 17:58:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_modfunc): should follow NODE_ZSUPER link; based
-	  on Guy Decoux's patch in [ruby-talk:25478].
-
-Mon Nov 19 16:09:33 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_succ): there was buffer overrun.
-
-Mon Nov 19 14:14:58 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): term can be any character.
-
-Mon Nov 19 04:58:42 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb (header): support for Apache. thanks to
-	  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>.
-
-Sun Nov 18 19:37:55 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y: needless conditionals.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): parse error at unterminated regex /#{.
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#142)
-
-Sat Nov 17 12:37:39 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): should give length to utf8_to_uv().
-
-	* pack.c (utf8_to_uv): add length check.
-
-Sat Nov 17 01:41:52 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* massages: replace "wrong #" by "wrong number".
-
-	* marshal.c (w_float): output Infinity and NaN explicitly.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): support new explicit float format.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_wait_for): select may cause ERESTART on
-	  Solaris.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_select): ditto.
-
-Thu Nov 15 15:29:39 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_join): non-nil separator must be converted to
-	  String.  and separators' total length was wrong.
-
-Thu Nov 15 03:37:17 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (ruby_setenv): remove USE_WIN32_RTL_ENV block since it's
-	  obsoleted.
-
-	* win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h: sort out #if 0 - #endif or others.
-
-Thu Nov 15 00:07:12 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_to_s): if rb_output_fs is nil, insert newlines
-	  between array elements (use rb_default_rs as newline litral)
-	  [experimental].
-
-Wed Nov 14 15:16:23 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (init_mark_stack): no need to clear mark_stack.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_all): need to handle finalizer mark.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_rest): use MEMCPY instead of memcpy.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): earlier const check to avoid pusing special
-	  constants into mark stack.
-
-Wed Nov 14 01:12:07 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (waitpid): fix wait count.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (poll_child_status): rename from wait_child().
-
-Wed Nov 14 01:33:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_to_s): 'to_s' now takes optional argument to
-	  specify radix. [new]
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_to_s): ditto. [new]
-
-Tue Nov 13 19:50:30 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: do not override CC if set.
-
-Tue Nov 13 16:49:16 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mypopen): return error status instead of calling
-	  rb_sys_fail().
-
-	* win32/win32.c (do_spawn): ditto.
-
-Tue Nov 13 14:39:11 2001  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* signal.c (sighandle): should not re-register sighandler if
-	  POSIX_SIGNAL is defined.
-
-Tue Nov 13 12:55:59 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (do_spawn): use CreateChild() instead of calling
-	  CreateProcess() directly. Original patches comes from Patrick Cheng.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mypopen): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mypclose): use rb_syswait() instead of waiting in this
-	  function.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (waitpid): use wait_child() instead of _cwait().
-
-	* win32/win32.c (CreateChild): added. [new]
-
-	* win32/win32.c (wait_child): added. [new]
-
-	* win32/win32.c (FindFirstChildSlot): added. [new]
-
-	* win32/win32.c (FindChildSlot): added. [new]
-
-	* win32/win32.c (FindPipedChildSlot): added. [new]
-
-	* win32/win32.c (CloseChildHandle): added. [new]
-
-	* win32/win32.c (FindFreeChildSlot): added. [new]
-
-Tue Nov 13 12:38:12 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (envix): use GET_ENVIRON and FREE_ENVIRON to get environment
-	  variables list.
-
-	* hash.c (env_keys): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_each_key): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_values): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_keys): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_each_value): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_each): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_inspect): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_to_a): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_size): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_empty_p): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_has_value): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_index): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (env_to_hash): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (win32_getenv): use static buffer.
-
-	* win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h (win32_get_environ): get environment
-	  variables list. [new]
-
-	* win32/win32.c, win32/win32.h (win32_free_environ): free environment
-	  variables list. [new]
-
-Mon Nov 12 16:48:48 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (error_print): errat array may be empty.
-
-Mon Nov 12 01:30:37 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_cmd): should not upgrade safe level unless
-	  explicitly specified by argument newly added.
-
-	* signal.c (sig_trap): should not allow tainted trap closure.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_f_trace_var): should not allow trace_var on safe
-	  level higher than 3.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_f_trace_var): should not allow tainted trace
-	  closure. 
-
-Sun Nov 11 00:12:23 2001  TAMURA Takashi  <sheepman@tcn.zaq.ne.jp>
-
-	* gc.c: do not use static stack until system stack overflows.
-
-Sat Nov 10 03:57:09 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (eval): should call Exception#exception instead of
-	  calling rb_exc_new3() directly.
-
-	* error.c (exc_exception): set "mesg" directly to the clone.  it
-	  might be better to set mesg via some method for flexibility.
-
-Sat Nov 10 00:14:24 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (cvar_override_check): should print original module
-	  name, if 'a' is T_ICLASS.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): float '1_.0' should not be allowed.
-
-	* variable.c (var_getter): should care about var as Qfalse
-	  (ruby-bugs#PR199).
-
-Fri Nov  9 13:50:06 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/config.status.in: make CFLAGS same as Makefile's one.
-
-Thu Nov  8 20:20:37 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_trap_eval): avoid annoying warning with signal.
-	  [ruby-talk:23225]
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): adjust caller source file/line while
-	  evaluating optional arguments.
-
-Thu Nov  8 18:41:58 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (cmpint): <=> or block for {min,max} may return bignum.
-
-	* array.c (sort_1): use rb_compint.
-
-	* array.c (sort_2): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (min_ii): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (min_ii): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (max_i): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (max_ii): ditto.
-
-Thu Nov  8 18:21:02 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (path_check_1): forgot to initialize 'p'.
-
-Thu Nov  8 14:52:15 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: use String#dump to generate Ruby string literal.
-
-Thu Nov  8 15:46:54 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_eql): should override 'eql?'
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_hash): should override 'hash' too.
-
-Tue Nov  6 14:38:48 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (security): always give warning for insecure PATH.
-
-	* dir.c (my_getcwd): do not rely on MAXPATHLEN.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_readlink): ditto.
-
-	* file.c (path_check_1): ditto.
-
-Tue Nov  6 14:17:14 2001  Amos Gouaux <amos+ruby@utdallas.edu>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (getquota_response): use astring for mailbox
-	names.
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (getacl_response): ditto.
-
-Mon Nov  5 17:09:55 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): should not call rb_f_block_given_p().
-
-Sat Nov  3 23:33:18 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_chomp_bang): should terminate string by NUL.
-
-Sat Nov  3 22:28:51 2001  Keiju Ishitsuka <keiju@ishitsuka.com>
-
-	* matrix.rb (Matrix#column_vectors, Matrix#row_vectors): ditto bug. 
-	  this bug report and fix by tsutomu@nucba.ac.jp.
-	
-	* forwardable.rb: change raise to Kernel::raise
-	
-Sat Nov  3 10:11:57 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): better error message.
-
-Thu Nov  1 14:08:42 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_aref): idx may be a Bignum.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_aref): negative index must return zero.
-
-Thu Nov  1 13:23:50 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): should NOT treat last element of
-	  structs and arrays specially.
-
-Wed Oct 31 16:59:25 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (exec_under): should initialize ruby_frame->self;
-
-Wed Oct 31 15:09:28 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (POP_VARS): should not set DVAR_DONT_RECYCLE if _old
-	  ruby_vars is already force_recycled.
-
-Wed Oct 31 10:28:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): handles mark stack overflow.
-
-	* gc.c (PUSH_MARK): use static mark stack, no more recursion.
-
-Wed Oct 31 02:44:06 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: CGI::Cookie::parse(): Ignore duplicate keys caused by
-	  Netscape bug.
-
-Tue Oct 30 18:21:51 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/mkexports.rb: follow the change of rb_io_puts().
-
-Tue Oct 30 14:04:04 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_chomp_bang): do smart chomp if $/ == '\n'. [new]
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_puts): don't treat Array specially.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_cmp): should convert bignum to float.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_eval): can't modify untainted binding.
-
-Mon Oct 29 16:08:30 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): should preserve p0 value.
-
-Mon Oct 29 14:56:44 2001  Usaku Nakamura <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* intern.h (rb_protect_inspect): follow the change of array.c.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_exec_end_proc): follow the change of rb_protect().
-
-	* eval.c (method_proc, umethod_proc, rb_catch): cast the first
-	  parameter of rb_iterate() to avoid VC++ warning.
-
-	* range.c (range_step): ditto.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/init.c (fsdbm_update, fsdbm_replace): ditto.
-
-Mon Oct 29 07:57:31 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): should allow interpolation of $-x.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_set): empty iv_tbl may cause infinite loop.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_get): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (cvar_override_check): ditto.
-
-Sat Oct 27 23:01:19 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_eq): convert Bignum to Float, instead of
-	  reverse.
-
-Fri Oct 26 06:19:29 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_localtime): getting tm should not be prohibited for
-	  frozen time objects.
-
-	* time.c (time_gmtime): ditto.
-
-	* version.c (Init_version): freeze RUBY_VERSION,
-	  RUBY_RELEASE_DATE, and RUBY_PLATFORM.
-
-	* file.c (Init_File): freeze File::SEPARATOR, ALT_SEPARATOR and
-	  PATH_SEPARATOR.
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_cmp): should check operand type before calling
-	  get_stat().
-
-Thu Oct 25 10:28:15 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_cmd): should not invoke "call" with a block on
-	  any occasion.
-
-Wed Oct 24 03:25:31 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_aref): idx may be a Bignum.
-
-Tue Oct 23 01:21:19 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_invoke): fix self switching in Proc#call
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja#PR108) and GC failure.  use Qundef instead of 0
-	  to direct not switching self.
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (call_end_proc): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_call): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_yield): ditto.
-
-Tue Oct 23 01:15:43 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_global_entry): reconstruct global variable
-	  aliasing (sharing global_entry->var with other global_entry).
-
-	* variable.c (undef_getter): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (undef_setter): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (val_setter): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (mark_global_entry): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_define_hooked_variable): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_f_trace_var): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (remove_trace): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_f_untrace_var): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_gvar_get): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (trace_en): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_gvar_set): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_gvar_defined): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_alias_variable): ditto.
-
-Mon Oct 22 18:53:55 2001  Masahiro Tanaka  <masa@stars.gsfc.nasa.gov>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_remainder): a bug in Numeric#remainder.
-
-Mon Oct 22 15:21:55 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_exec_end_proc): END might be called within END
-	  block.
-
-	* class.c (rb_mod_clone): should not copy class name, since clone
-	  should remain anonymous.
-
-Fri Oct 19 23:40:37 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (remove_trace): should not access already freed area.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_f_untrace_var): fix memory leak.
-
-Fri Oct 19 17:55:14 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_uclass): cloned class is not user
-	  class. (ruby-bugs-ja#PR103)
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): Struct subclass couldn't
-	  load. (ruby-bugs-ja#PR104)
-
-Wed Oct 17 14:12:50 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (alias_fixup): added. ad hoc support for ordinary
-	  global variable aliasing. when original entry is set, make the
-	  alias to refer directly as possible.
-
-	* variable.c (alias_getter, alias_setter): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_alias_variable): ditto. and no need to mark alias
-	  variables.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_gvar_defined): refer the original entry of an alias.
-
-Tue Oct 16 23:29:26 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): self in a block given to define_method now be
-	  switched to the receiver of the method.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_invoke): added new parameter to allow self
-	  switching.
-
-Tue Oct 16 21:38:15 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_missing): check stack level with rb_stack_check().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c, intern.h (rb_stack_check): added. [new]
-
-Tue Oct 16 13:18:47 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_initialize): optional block with
-	  Module.new. [new] (from 2001-10-10)
-
-Tue Oct 16 00:07:06 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): disallow alpha-numeric and mbchar for
-	  terminator of %string.
-
-Mon Oct 15 18:00:05 2001  Pit Capitain  <pit@capitain.de>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_index): wrong increment for non alphanumeric
-	  string.
-
-Mon Oct 15 05:23:02 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): support "%B".
-
-Wed Oct 10 03:11:47 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_clone): should copy internal data too.
-
-	* numeric.c (num_clone): Numeric should not be copied by clone.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_clone): should check immediate values.
-
-	* parse.y (command): `yield' should take command_args.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_quotedwords): %w(...) is not a string.
-
-Tue Oct  9 18:40:35 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (Init_process): activate the case NT.
-
-Tue Oct  9 17:08:00 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thread_status_name): separated from
-	  rb_thread_inspect(). return string expression for thread status.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_status, rb_thread_inspect): use
-	  thread_status_name().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_priority_set): return the priority not but
-	  self.
-
-Sat Oct  6 23:07:08 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): NODE_MATCH3 was confusing left and right. sigh.
-
-Fri Oct  5 15:19:46 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_unique): should not dump anonymous class.
-
-Fri Oct  5 11:59:13 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_s_new): revived.
-
-	* eval.c (Init_Proc): define Proc.new instead of Proc.allocate to
-	  inhibit from creating uninitialized Proc.
-
-Thu Oct  4 14:11:03 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ruby_connect): EALREADY is the equivalent
-	  for EINPROGRESS in ws2_32.lib.
-
-Wed Oct  3 20:11:06 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_alloc): avoid inifinte recursion.
-
-Wed Oct  3 16:49:49 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/gdbm/gdbm.c (rb_gdbm_fetch): str is a VALUE now.
-
-Wed Oct  3 13:32:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): better allocation type check for
-	  TYPE_UCLASS. usage of allocation framework is disabled for now.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_class_path): Module may have subclass.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_update): should maintain original negative
-	  offset. 
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_subpat_set): ditto
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_aset): ditto.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_nth_match): should check negative nth.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_nth_defined): ditto.
-
-Tue Oct  2 19:12:47 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/ftools.rb (catname): allow trailing '/' for the destination.
-
-Tue Oct  2 18:31:20 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should override existing class.
-
-Tue Oct  2 17:08:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_alloc): general instance allocation framework.
-	  use of NEWOBJ() is deprecated except within 'allocate' method.
-
-Tue Oct  2 08:04:52 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): TYPE_UCLASS check should be inversed.
-
-Mon Oct  1 19:18:54 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (unix_addr): getsockname(2) may result len = 0. 
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (unix_peeraddr): getpeername(2) may result
-	  len = 0.
-
-Mon Oct  1 09:59:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_subpat_set): support function for new argument
-	  pattern String#[re,offset] = val. [new]
-
-Sat Sep 29 02:30:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (POP_BLOCK): rb_gc_force_recycle() was called too much.
-	  Should not be called if SCOPE_DONT_RECYCLE is set.
-
-Wed Sep 26 22:21:52 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_aref_m): new argument pattern
-	  String#[re,offset]. [new]
-
-Wed Sep 26 19:02:39 2001  Guy Decoux  <ts@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* parse.y: allow 'primary[] = arg'
-
-Tue Sep 25 10:46:42 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (isInternalCmd): check return value of NtMakeCmdVector
-	  (Tietew <tietew@tietew.net>'s patch).
-
-Mon Sep 24 00:55:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_substr): should return an instance of
-	  receiver's class.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_succ): ditto.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_subseq): ditto.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_initialize): Array.new([1,2,3]) => [1,2,3]. [new]
-
-Sat Sep 22 22:16:08 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_reverse): should return an instance of
-	  receiver's class.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_times): ditto.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_times): ditto
-
-	* string.c (str_gsub): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_ljust): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rjust): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_center): ditto.
-
-Sat Sep 22 12:13:39 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (eval): retrieves file, line information from binding.
-
-Thu Sep 20 21:25:00 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (MATCH_DATA): access via rb_svar().
-
-Thu Sep 20 15:20:00 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c, intern.h (rb_svar): return reference to special variable
-	  from local variable index. [new]
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): use rb_svar() for NODE_FLIP{2,3}.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_(backref|lastline)_(get|set)): access via rb_svar().
-
-	* eval.c (proc_invoke): push dynamic variables.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_yield): push special variables as dynamic
-	  variables($_, $~ and FLIP states).
-
-Thu Sep 20 15:20:00 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* intern.h, parse.y (rb_is_local_id): return true if the ID is
-	  local symbol. [new]
-
-	* parse.y (internal_id): make new ID for internal use. [new]
-
-	* parse.y (cond0): allocate internal ID for NODE_FLIP{2,3}.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_local_variables): use rb_is_local_id() to select
-	  visible local variables.
-
-Thu Sep 20 15:20:00 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start_0): SCOPE_SHARED is removed.
-
-	* eval.c, intern.h (rb_thread_scope_shared_p): removed. special
-	  variables are no longer shared by threads.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): MATCHDATA is no longer shared by threads.
-
-Tue Sep 18 11:44:26 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_init): String.new() => "" [new]
-
-Tue Sep 11 20:53:56 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_path): new method.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_initialize): wrap DIR into struct, along with path
-	  information.
-
-Sat Sep  8 07:13:42 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: waitfor(): improvement. thanks to
-	  nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp
-
-Sat Sep  8 04:34:17 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_restore_context): save current value of
-	  lastline and lastmatch in the thread struct for later restore.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_save_context): restore lastline and lastmatch.
-
-Fri Sep  7 11:27:56 2001  akira yamada  <akira@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_to_s): should handle negative float value.
-
-Fri Sep  7 09:44:44 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: waitfor(): bug fix.
-
-Fri Sep  7 07:11:34 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: CGI#doctype(): bug fix (html4Fr).
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb, lib/cgi.rb: remove VERSION, RELEASE_DATE,
-	  VERSION_CODE, RELEASE_CODE. please use REVISION.
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: CGI#header(): bug fix.
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb, lib/cgi.rb: concat --> +=
-
-Thu Sep  6 17:38:18 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_chdir): raise if environment variable HOME/LOGDIR
-	  not set.
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): avoid infinite loop on a file name with
-	  wildcard characters. (ruby-bugs#PR177)
-
-Thu Sep  6 14:25:15 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/digest.c (rb_digest_base_s_hexdigest): remove a debug
-	  print.
-
-Thu Sep  6 13:56:14 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/digest.c (rb_digest_base_s_digest,
-	  rb_digest_base_s_hexdigest): ensure that a string is given.
-
-Thu Sep  6 13:28:51 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/jcode.rb (_regexp_quote): fix quote handling, again.
-
-Thu Sep  6 07:28:56 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file_ext): add const qualifiers to ext.
-
-	* intern.h (rb_find_file_ext): ditto.
-
-Thu Sep  6 07:16:14 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (Init_socket): remove duplicating constants.
-
-Thu Sep  6 03:15:24 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): should check whole ancestors to
-	  avoid duplicate module inclusion.
-
-Wed Sep  5 20:02:27 2001  Shin'ya Adzumi  <adzumi@denpa.org>
-
-	* string.c (trnext): should check backslash before updating "now"
-	  position.
-
-Wed Sep  5 17:41:11 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/jcode.rb (_regexp_quote): fix quote handling.
-
-Tue Sep  4 01:03:18 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (Init_Regexp): to_s to be alias to inspect.
-
-Mon Sep  3 22:46:59 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): should support 'keyword='.
-
-Mon Sep  3 20:26:08 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* intern.h (rb_find_file_ext): changed from rb_find_file_noext().
-
-Mon Sep  3 15:12:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): should not adjust argc/argv if -e option
-	  is supplied.
-
-Mon Sep  3 14:11:17 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* error.c: unbreak the build on *BSD with gcc 3.0.1 by removing
-	  the conflicting declaration of sys_nerr for *BSD.
-
-Sat Sep  1 18:50:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): should not alter origargv[].
-
-	* ruby.c (set_arg0): long strings for $0 dumped core.
-
-Sat Sep  1 09:50:54 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (set_arg0): prevent SEGV when val is longer than the
-	  original arguments.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_process_options): initialize total length of
-	  original arguments at first.
-
-Sat Sep  1 14:05:28 2001  Brian F. Feldman  <green@FreeBSD.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (set_arg0): use setprogtitle() if it's available.
-
-Sat Sep  1 03:49:11 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_popen): accept integer flags as mode.
-
-Fri Aug 31 19:46:05 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file_ext): extension table can be supplied from
-	  outside.  renamed.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): replace rb_find_file_noext by
-	  rb_find_file_ext.
-
-Fri Aug 31 19:26:55 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_provided): should also check feature without
-	  extension.
-
-Fri Aug 31 13:06:33 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_to_s): do not rely on decimal point to be '.'
-
-Wed Aug 29 02:18:53 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): ternary ? can be followed by newline.
-
-Tue Aug 28 00:40:48 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): should check static linked libraries
-	  before raising exception.
-
-Fri Aug 24 15:17:40 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_equal): check identiry equality first.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_equal): ditto.
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_equal): ditto.
-
-Fri Aug 24 14:38:17 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_strerror): fix a bug that sometimes made null message on
-	  win32 (Tietew <tietew@tietew.net>'s patch).
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mystrerror): ditto.
-
-Fri Aug 24 03:15:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (Init_Numeric): undef Integer::new.
-
-Fri Aug 24 00:46:44 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): NODE_WHILE should update result for each
-	  conditional evaluation.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): NODE_UNTIL should return last evaluated value
-	  (or value given to break).
-
-Thu Aug 23 21:59:38 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (sort_by_i): fix typo.
-
-Thu Aug 23 10:10:59 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): should not dump core for "defined?(())".
-
-	* eval.c (umethod_bind): recv can be an instance of descender of
-	  oklass if oklass is a Module.
-
-Wed Aug 22 23:20:03 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_equal): check identiry equality first.
-
-Wed Aug 22 19:58:59 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (intersect_fds): counts intersecting fds.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): only fds requested by
-	  each thread count as select_value.
-
-Tue Aug 21 22:28:09 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (group_member): should check real gid only.
-
-	* file.c (eaccess): do not cache euid, since effective euid may be
-	  changed via Process.euid=().
-
-	* file.c (eaccess): return -1 unless every specified access mode
-	  is permitted.
-
-Tue Aug 21 16:09:27 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): while/until returns the value which is given
-	  to break.
-
-	* parse.y (value_expr): using while/until/class/def as an
-	  expression is now gives a warning, not an error.
-
-Tue Aug 21 11:56:02 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_eqq): should compare strings based on magical
-	  increment (using String#upto), not dictionary order.
-
-Mon Aug 20 19:53:16 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/sha2/extconf.rb: fix support for cross-compiling.
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: fix support for autoconf 2.52.
-
-Mon Aug 20 17:24:15 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_sort_by): new method for Schewartzian transformed
-	  stable sort.
-
-Mon Aug 20 16:09:05 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (mod_av_set): detect constant overriding for built-in
-	  classes/modules.
-
-Mon Aug 20 15:14:27 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (tokadd_escape): escaped backslashes too much.
-
-Mon Aug 20 13:24:08 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_step): 'iter' here should be an array.
-
-Mon Aug 20 12:43:08 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): should retrieve __member__ data from
-	  non-singleton class.
-
-Sat Aug 18 23:11:14 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_get): class variable override check added.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_set): ditto
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_declare): ditto.
-
-Fri Aug 17 12:13:48 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: Protocol.new requires at least one arg.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: ditto.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: ditto.
-
-Fri Aug 17 00:49:51 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): handle backslash escaping of delimiter here.
-
-Thu Aug 16 23:03:40 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-       * io.c: prevent recursive malloc calls on NEC UX/4800.
-
-       * ext/socket/socket.c: ditto.
-
-Thu Aug 16 13:54:04 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_recvfrom): fix typo.
-
-Thu Aug 16 09:53:28 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_recvfrom): avoid VC++6 warning.
-
-Thu Aug 16 03:50:33 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (NtCmdGlob): avoid VC++ warning.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: add -I$(srcdir) to CPPFLAGS.
-
-Wed Aug 15 04:59:15 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/*/extconf.rb: really fix so that they build from any
-	  directory.
-
-Wed Aug 15 04:04:02 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/sha2/extconf.rb: fix so that they build from any
-	  directory.
-
-Wed Aug 15 01:59:19 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/defs.h: Define NO_UINT64_T instead of emitting an
-	  error to fail.
-
-	* ext/digest/sha2/extconf.rb: Do not exit on error, and utilize
-	  NO_UINT64_T to detect if the system has a 64bit integer type.
-
-Tue Aug 14 21:14:07 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/sha2/extconf.rb: do not create Makefile when no 64bit
-	  integer type is detected.
-
-Tue Aug 14 17:09:12 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_step): new method.
-
-Tue Aug 14 11:49:00 2001  TOYOFUKU Chikanobu  <toyofuku@juice.or.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_cmp): remove needless conditional.
-
-Tue Aug 14 03:23:25 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_lstrip_bang) `return Qnil' was missing.
-
-Mon Aug 13 14:16:46 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* bignum.c, marshal.c: Detypo: s/SIZEOF_ING/SIZEOF_INT/.
-
-Sun Aug 12 15:01:58 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_cat): fix buffer overflow.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_append): nothing to append actually when `str2'
-	  is empty.
-
-Sat Aug 11 14:43:47 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_inspecting_p): initialize inspect_key if it is
-	not initialized yet.
-
-Fri Aug 10 22:14:37 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (cond0): operands of logical operators are not treated
-	  as conditional expresion anymore, but propagate conditional
-	  status if used in conditionals.
-
-Tue Aug  7 09:10:32 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.h: fix problems with BC++ (ruby-bugs#PR161).
-
-Mon Aug  6 23:47:46 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): associates p/P strings once at last
-	  (reverted to 1.26).
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_associate): associates an Array at once, not
-	  but a String. realloc's when str_buf.
-
-Mon Aug  6 17:01:33 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_gc_mark_threads): should mark ruby_cref.
-
-Mon Aug  6 14:31:37 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_divmod): fix typo.
-
-Mon Aug  6 03:29:03 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_lstrip_bang): new method.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rstrip_bang): new method.
-
-Mon Aug  6 00:35:03 2001  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_modify): should check frozen and taint
-	  status.
-
-Sun Aug  5 19:28:39 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_associate): should consider STR_ASSOC too.
-
-Sun Aug  5 07:46:18 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_undefined): do not recurse if method_missing is
-	  undefined.
-
-Thu Aug  2 21:37:32 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitpid): now all arguments are optional.
-
-	* process.c (Init_process): waitpid is now alias to wait.
-
-	* process.c (Init_process): waitpid2 is now alias to wait2.
-
-	* process.c (rb_waitpid): made public.
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c (pty_getpty): avoid disturbing SIGCHLD using
-	  thread and rb_waitpid.
-
-Thu Aug  2 11:23:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (proc_getpgrp): now takes no argument on all
-	  platforms.
-
-	* process.c (proc_setpgrp): ditto.
-
-Thu Aug  2 01:29:42 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (strrdirsep): removed meaningless code.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): reverted to 1.66.
-
-Wed Aug  1 16:17:47 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_pack_sockaddr_in): added
-	  Socket::pack_sockaddr_in(). [new]
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_pack_sockaddr_un): added
-	  Socket::pack_sockaddr_un(). [new]
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_pack_sockaddr_in): added
-	  Socket::unpack_sockaddr_in(). [new]
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_pack_sockaddr_un): added
-	  Socket::unpack_sockaddr_un(). [new]
-
-Wed Aug  1 15:42:16 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): avoid VC++ warning.
-
-Tue Jul 31 17:30:53 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (Init_marshal): fix typos.
-
-Tue Jul 31 15:16:39 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* process.c (last_status_set): nothing returned, should be void.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (load_addr_info): ditto.
-
-Tue Jul 31 12:11:42 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (Init_marshal): new constant Marshal::MAJOR_VERSION
-	  and Marshal::MINOR_VERSION.
-
-Tue Jul 31 07:18:04 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): scans per path element not per
-	  byte/character, including fix of [ruby-talk:18152] and
-	  multi-byte pathname support.
-
-Tue Jul 31 11:52:10 2001  akira yamada  <akira@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (marshal_load): ruby_verbose test should be wrapped by
-	  RTEST().
-
-Mon Jul 30 17:54:23 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_index): should return nil (not the default
-	  value) if value is not in the hash.
-
-Mon Jul 30 12:55:47 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_div): new method added.  alias to '/' which
-	  should be preserved even if '/' is redefined (e.g. by
-	  mathn). [new]
-
-Mon Jul 30 11:12:14 2001  Amos Gouaux <amos+ruby@utdallas.edu>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: added new commands for managing folder quotas
-	  and folder ACLs.
-
-Mon Jul 30 03:19:53 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): "0 ff".hex should return 0, not 255.
-
-Fri Jul 27 22:29:41 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): fixed using CharNext().
-
-Fri Jul 27 18:07:27 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_provided): extension should be guessed using
-	  rb_find_file_noext().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): should call rb_feature_p() after
-	  extension completion.
-
-Fri Jul 27 16:25:52 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): add CHECK_INTS before next, redo, retry to
-	  avoid potential uninterruptable infinite loop.
-
-Thu Jul 26 11:27:12 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file_noext, rb_find_file): fix tilde expansion
-	  problem.
-
-Wed Jul 25 17:54:20 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): use CharNext() to expand.
-
-Wed Jul 25 17:16:26 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* intern.h: add some missing function prototypes.
-
-Wed Jul 25 15:50:05 2001  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): should not expand "." and ".."
-	  not following dirsep.
-
-Wed Jul 25 12:15:32 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file_noext): should update f by expanded path.
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file): ditto.
-
-Tue Jul 24 23:10:47 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (strrdirsep): multi-byte pathname and DOSish separator
-	  support. originally comes from Patrick Cheng. [new]
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_basename, rb_file_s_dirname): use
-	  strrdirsep(). comes from Patrick Cheng.
-
-	* file.c (is_absolute_path): restricted in DOSish absolute path
-	  with drive letter, and UNC support. originally comes from
-	  Patrick Cheng.
-
-	* file.c (getcwd): define macro using getwd() unless provided.
-
-Tue Jul 24 19:23:15 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: dig the target subdirectory for
-	  lib/* files properly in case of create_makefile("dir/name").
-
-Mon Jul 23 00:26:04 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_provide_feature): should not tweak extension used for
-	  loading.
-
-Sun Jul 22 21:16:43 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: introduce a couple of new make
-	  variables: CLEANFILES and DISTCLEANFILES.  They'd typically be
-	  defined in a file "depend".
-
-Sat Jul 21 09:40:10 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_fread): use fread(3) if PENDING_COUNT is available.
-
-Fri Jul 20 22:55:01 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* gc.c (ruby_xrealloc): fix a dangling bug which led memory
-	  reallocation to fail even though the second try after a GC
-	  succeeds.
-
-Fri Jul 20 03:00:46 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_mod_include_p): Module#include? added. [new]
-
-Fri Jul 20 01:05:50 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (ignorecase_setter): give warning on modifying $=.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_casecmp): new method. [new]
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_eql): separated from rb_str_equal(), make it
-	  always be case sensitive. [new]
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_hash): made it always be case sensitive.
-
-Thu Jul 19 13:03:15 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): should not include path in $" value
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file): should return 0 explicitly on failure.
-
-Tue Jul 17 11:44:40 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h: enable volatile directive with VC++.
-
-	* regex.c: ditto.
-
-Tue Jul 17 06:01:12 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* doc/net/smtp.rd.ja, pop.rd.ja, http.rd.ja: new files.
-
-	* MANIFEST: add doc/net/{http,pop,smtp}.rd.ja.
-
-Tue Jul 17 11:22:01 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (NUM_FAILURE_ITEMS): was confusing NUM_REG_ITEMS and
-	  NUM_NONREG_ITEMS, which have happened to be same value.
-
-Tue Jul 17 11:08:34 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: modify RM macro because command.com/cmd.exe don't
-	  recognize single quotation as quote character.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-Tue Jul 17 01:38:15 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_class_new): subclass check moved to this function.
-
-	* class.c (rb_class_boot): check less version of rb_class_new().
-
-Man Jul 16 13:21:30 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (file_load_ok): fix typo.
-
-Mon Jul 16 12:58:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_invoke): should preserve iter status for embedded
-	  frame in the block.
-
-Mon Jul 16 00:04:39 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): may overrun buffer on stack.
-
-Sun Jul 15 01:38:28 2001  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_insert): forgot to call rb_str_modify().
-
-Sat Jul 14 12:26:30 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/digest/*/extconf.rb: fix so that they build from any
-	  directory.
-
-Sat Jul 14 06:20:17 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP#proxy? did not worked.
-
-Sat Jul 14 02:56:19 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: support multi-level ext/ directories.
-	  (e.g. you can have ext/foo, ext/foo/bar and ext/foo/baz)
-
-Sat Jul 14 02:55:02 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/.cvsignore: let cvs ignore extinit.c.
-
-Fri Jul 13 23:47:35 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): should consider reverse search.
-
-Fri Jul 13 22:26:09 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: use File::split to split a target into a prefix and
-	  a module name.  This also works around a just found bug of
-	  String#rindex.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: ditto.
-
-Fri Jul 13 02:36:10 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_chdir): warn only when invoked from multiple
-	  threads or block is not given.
-
-Thu Jul 12 15:11:48 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ruby_connect): workaround for the setup of
-	  Cygwin socket(EALREADY).
-
-Mon Jul  9 16:49:30 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: modify RM macro.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-Sun Jul  8 20:52:02 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ruby.h: fix a wrong function name: rb_iglob() -> rb_globi().
-
-Sun Jul  8 16:04:35 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: rename HTTP#request_by_name to send_request.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb (ProtoSocket#read): modify typo.
-
-Sat Jul  7 17:45:35 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_convert_type): should use rb_rescue(), not rb_rescue2().
-
-	* range.c (range_init): ditto.
-
-Fri Jul  6 18:01:10 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dup): copies (actually does not free)
-	  generic_ivar on dupif original owns them.
-
-Fri Jul  6 02:15:06 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: a tempfile must be created with mode 0600.
-
-Thu Jul  5 20:28:53 2001  Tietew <tietew@tietew.net>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_each_line): should propagate taint mark. 
-
-	* ext/nkf/nkf.c (rb_nkf_kconv): ditto.
-
-Fri Jul  6 14:54:27 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): revamp for simpler implementation.
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file_noext): use String object, instead of
-	  passing char* around.
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file): ditto.
-
-Thu Jul  5 22:01:02 2001  Mitsuhiro Kondo  <kondo@nik-prt.co.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): should use NSLINKMODULE_OPTION_BINDNOW.
-
-Thu Jul  5 13:44:03 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): local variables 'c' remain uninitialized on
-	  xflag.
-
-Thu Jul  5 10:00:59 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): prefetched escaped character too early.
-
-Wed Jul  4 08:58:30 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): add argument check for attr_readers.
-
-Wed Jul  4 04:22:44 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (HTTP#request_by_name): arg order changes.
-
-Wed Jul  4 04:07:36 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (HTTP#request_by_name): bug fix.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: does not write Connection: by default.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: "start" for started protocol is an error.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: "finish" for finished protocol is an error.
-
-Wed Jul  4 03:17:31 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: new method HTTP#request_by_name (test)
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: new class HTTPGenericRequest
-
-Tue Jul  3 23:58:29 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: distclean should remove mkmf.log as well.
-
-Tue Jul  3 18:35:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_string_wrap): should push frame (and adjust
-	  cbase) before wrapped eval.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_cmd): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (eval): should update ruby_class always after all.
-
-Tue Jul  3 14:56:27 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): do not change wrapper information.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0):  preserve wrapper information.
-
-Tue Jul  3 08:59:50 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* error.c (rb_name_error): raise NameError instead of LoadError.
-
-Mon Jul  2 17:22:00 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (exc_exception): clone the receiver exception instead of
-	  creating brand new exception object of the receiver.
-
-Mon Jul  2 09:53:12 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_string_wrap): extend new ruby_top_self, not
-	  original self.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_cmd): respect ruby_wrapper if set.
-
-	* eval.c (eval): do not update ruby_class unless scope is not
-	  provided.
-
-Sun Jul  1 10:51:15 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (eval): preserve wrapper information.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_invoke): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): ditto.
-
-Sat Jun 30 02:55:45 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (void_expr): too much warnings for void context
-	  (e.g. foo[1] that can be mere Proc call).
-
-Fri Jun 29 17:23:18 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (rb_name_error): new function to raise NameError with
-	  name attribute set.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_missing): set name and args in the exception
-	  object. [new]
-
-	* error.c (name_name): NameError#name - new method.
-
-	* error.c (nometh_args): NoMethodError#args - new method.
-
-Fri Jun 29 15:29:31 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lex.c (rb_reserved_word): lex_state after tRESCUE should be
-	  EXPR_MID.
-
-Thu Jun 28 00:21:28 2001  Keiju Ishitsuka <keiju@ishitsuka.com>
-
-	* lib/matrix.rb: resolve 'ruby -w' warnings.
-
-	* lib/irb/locale.rb: resolve 'ruby -w' warnings.
-
-	* lib/irb/multi-irb.rb: resolve 'ruby -w' warnings.
-
-	* lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb: fix problem for "\\M-\\..." and "\\C-\\..."
-	  and resolve 'ruby -w' warnings.  
-
-	* lib/irb/ruby-token.rb: fix typo
-
-	* lib/shell/command-processor.rb: resolve 'ruby -w' warnings.
-	
-Wed Jun 27 08:53:26 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@loveruby.net>
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: new methods POP3.auth_only, POP3#auth_only
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP.Proxy returns self if ADDRESS is nil.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: new method ProtocolError#response
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb,smtp.rb,pop.rb,http.rb: add document.
-
-Tue Jun 26 18:42:42 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (add_heap): allocation size of the heap unit is doubled for
-	  each allocation.
-
-Mon Jun 25 09:54:48 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (isdelim): space, tab, and newline are no longer
-	  delimiters for glob patterns.
-
-Sat Jun 23 22:28:52 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (svalue_to_avalue): new conversion scheme between single
-	  value and array values.
-
-	* eval.c (avalue_to_svalue): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): REXPAND now uses avalue_to_svalue(), return
-	  and yield too.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): use avalue_to_svalue().
-
-	* eval.c (proc_invoke): Proc#call gives avaules, whereas
-	  Proc#yield gives mvalues.
-
-	* eval.c (bmcall): convert given value (svalue) to avalue.
-
-Sat Jun 23 18:28:52 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c (readline_event): a non-void function
-	  should return a value.
-
-Fri Jun 22 23:17:28 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ruby_connect): workaround for the setup of
-	  Cygwin socket.
-
-Fri Jun 22 23:11:17 2001 Keiju Ishitsuka <keiju@ishitsuka.com>
-	
-	* lib/irb/locale.rb: fix for require "kconv" problem
-	
-Fri Jun 22 18:08:45 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): no mvalue_to_svalue conversion here.
-
-	* eval.c (massign): takes svalue, convert it to mvalue inside.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): parameters for yield/return are always
-	  svalues now.
-
-	* eval.c (svalue_to_mvalue): more strict conversion.
-
-	* eval.c (mvalue_to_svalue): ditto.
-
-Fri Jun 22 17:12:23 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* st.c (new_size): prime hash size enabled.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (Init_socket): SO_* constants added.
-
-Tue Jun 19 22:24:07 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_setjmp): avoid GCC 3.0 warnings.
-
-Tue Jun 19 18:19:30 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c: add new methods:
-	  Readline::completion_append_character and
-	  Readline::completion_append_character=.
-
-Tue Jun 19 16:29:50 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (svalue_to_mvalue): new function to convert from svalue
-	  to mvalue. [experimental]
-
-	* eval.c (mvalue_to_svalue): new function to convert from mvalue
-	  to svalue.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): use mvalue_to_svalue().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): use mvalue_to_svalue().
-
-	* eval.c (proc_invoke): proper mvalue handling.
-
-Mon Jun 18 17:38:50 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): searches ".rb" and ".so" at the same
-	  time.  previous behavior (search ".rb", then ".so") has a
-	  security risk (ruby-bugs#PR140).
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_to_ary): new function to replace internal
-	  rb_Array(), which never calls to_a, but to_ary (rb_Array() might
-	  call both). [new]
-
-Mon Jun 18 00:43:20 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (PUSH_FAILURE_POINT): push option status again.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): avoid pushing unnecessary
-	  option_set.
-
-Sat Jun 16 10:58:48 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): tainted string is OK if wrapped *and*
-	  $SAFE >= 4.
-
-Thu Jun 14 16:27:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start_0): should not nail down higher blocks
-	  before preserving original context (i.e. should not alter
-	  original context).
-
-Wed Jun 13 19:34:59 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* dir.c (Init_Dir): add a new method File::fnmatch? along with
-	  File::Constants::FNM_*.  While I am here, FNM_NOCASE is renamed
-	  to FNM_CASEFOLD which is commonly used by *BSD and GNU libc.
-
-Wed Jun 13 09:33:45 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_yield): new method equivalent to Proc#call but no
-	  check for number of arguments. [new]
-
-Tue Jun 12 14:21:28 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: target_prefix is only for installation, not for
-	  build.
-
-Tue Jun 12 00:41:18 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (method_eq): new method Method#==. [new]
-
-Mon Jun 11 14:29:41 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* confgure.in: add RUBY_CANONICAL_BUILD.
-
-Sun Jun 10 17:31:47 2001  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* gc.c (STR_NO_ORIG): STR_NO_ORIG value was different between
-	  string.c and gc.c
-
-Sat Jun  9 22:10:04 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should convert *non-array at the end of
-	  arguments by using Array().
-
-Sat Jun  9 17:04:30 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (ruby_setenv): readline library leaves their environment
-	  strings uncopied.  "free" check revised.
-
-Sat Jun  9 16:31:03 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: Use -F and -T for mswin32 because cl.exe doesn't
-	  support -o officially and cl.exe considers that *.cc and *.cxx are
-	  OBJs.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: Use del instead of rm.
-	  All these changes are derived from Nobuyoshi Nakada's patch.
-	  Thanks.
-
-Fri Jun  8 22:37:40 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (Init_stack): avoid __builtin_frame_address(2) to retrieve
-	  stack bottom line.
-
-Fri Jun  8 18:14:12 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* st.c (numhash): should shuffle bits by dividing by prime number.
-
-Fri Jun  8 17:05:21 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): multiple assignment behavior fixed, which
-	  results "*a = nil" makes "a == []" now.
-
-Fri Jun  8 15:25:09 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): should set SCOPE_PUBLIC before calling
-	  dln_load().
-
-Thu Jun  7 17:28:00 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): exclude kDO_BLOCK too much by false condition.
-
-Wed Jun  6 23:02:36 2001  Keiju Ishitsuka  <keiju@ishitsuka.com>
-
-	* lib/sync.rb: bug fix if obj.initialize has parameters when
-	  obj.extend(Sync_m)
-
-	* lib/mutex_m.rb: modified bit 
-	
-Wed Jun  6 16:11:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): should check if tainted even when wrap is
-	  specified.
-
-Wed Jun  6 14:34:27 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (mrhs_basic): "*arg" should always be expanded by REXPAND.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): too much optimization for the
-	  cases like /(.|a)b/.
-
-Tue Jun  5 23:58:43 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (fc_i): removed vast string allocation.
-
-Tue Jun  5 16:45:48 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): NameError went under StandardError,
-	  and NoMethodError went under NameError.
-
-Tue Jun  5 16:40:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_intern): non identifier symbols should be
-	  categorized as ID_JUNK. [new]
-
-Tue Jun  5 16:15:58 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_const_at): use hash table as internal
-	  data. [new]
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_const_of): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_list): new function to convert internal
-	  data (hash table) to array of strings.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_s_constants): data handling scheme has changed.
-
-Tue Jun  5 15:16:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_add_method): should not call rb_secure(), for
-	  last_func may not be set.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_ctl): ioctl should accept any integer within C long
-	  range.
-
-Tue Jun  5 13:41:13 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/etc/extconf.rb: use egrep_cpp.
-
-Tue Jun  5 12:44:59 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): wrong type check for modules.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): should not dump anonymous classes/modules.
-
-Tue Jun  5 01:19:34 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_open_file): use rb_file_sysopen_internal() if the 3rd
-	  argument (permission flags) is given. [new, should be backported?]
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_mode_binmode): mode string (e.g. "r+") to flags to
-	  open(2).
-
-Mon Jun  4 23:55:54 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): NODE_REXPAND expand an array of 1 element as
-	  the element itself. [new, should be backported?]
-
-	* parse.y (ret_args): should treat "*[a]" in rhs expression as
-	  "a", not "[a]".
-
-Mon Jun  4 04:14:53 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/shellwords.rb: don't destroy argument.
-
-Sat Jun  2 23:23:05 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): should push option modifier at the
-	  right place.
-
-Sat Jun  2 23:05:20 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi/session.rb: don't use module_function for Class.
-
-Sat Jun  2 00:02:22 2001  Keiju Ishitsuka <keiju@ishitsuka.com>
-
-	* irb messages: fix typos.
-	
-Fri Jun  1 17:26:24 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (replace_i): ignore when key == Qundef.
-
-Fri Jun  1 16:50:59 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (call_args2): confusion with list_append() and
-	  list_concat() was fixed.
-
-Fri Jun  1 15:01:40 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): fixed 'print CGI::bar() {}, "\n"' syntax
-	  breakage, adding new lex_state status.  sigh. [new]
-
-Fri Jun  1 11:21:04 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: use waitpid on mingw32.
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb: include <ndbm.h>, not <gdbm.h>.
-
-Thu May 31 18:34:57 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_unlink): should not allow if $SAFE >= 2.
-
-Thu May 31 17:23:25 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (Init_Range): define "to_ary".
-
-Thu May 31 13:30:25 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb, ext/configsub.rb: VERSION -> RUBY_VERSION.
-
-Thu May 31 08:00:58 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/dir.h: re-add.
-
-Thu May 31 01:25:59 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* configure.in: default --with-libc_r to `no' until the problem is
-	  fixed. (FreeBSD only)
-
-Tue May 29 17:24:23 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): unexpected SecurityError happens when -T4.
-
-Tue May 29 18:46:04 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): * \1 .. \9 should be
-	  backreferences always.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): backreferences corresponding to
-	  unclosed/unmatched parentheses should fail always.
-
-Tue May 29 16:35:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_cat): use rb_str_buf_cat() if possible. [new]
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_append): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_cat): remove unnecessary check (type,
-	  taint, modify) to gain performance.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_append): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_finish): removed.
-
-Tue May 29 02:05:55 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_new): buffering string function. [new]
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_append): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_cat): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_buf_finish): ditto.
-
-Mon May 28 23:20:43 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: remove unnecessary AC_CANONICAL_BUILD
-
-	* defins.h: #define HAVE_SETITIMER on Cygwin(bug fixed).
-
-	* ruby.c: use relative path from LIBRUBY_SO.
-
-	* ruby.c: don't use -mwin32 option on Cygwin.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in: ditto.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/_sdbm: ditto.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/extconf.rb: ditto.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/stubs.c: ditto.
-
-Mon May 28 22:12:01 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/extconf.rb.in: make the priority of the make rule of .c
-	  higher than .C .
-
-Mon May 28 13:22:19 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): local time adjustment revised.
-
-Mon May 28 02:20:38 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): teach has_magic() to handle flags and get
-	  glob_helper to properly support FNM_NOESCAPE.
-
-	* dir.c (fnmatch): fix a bug when FNM_PATHNAME and FNM_PERIOD are
-	  specified at the same time.
-
-Sat May 26 09:55:26 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y: accomplish extended syntax described in [ruby-talk:14525]
-	  using tSPC token. [new, experimental]
-
-Sat May 26 07:05:45 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* MANIFEST: add win32/dir.h .
-
-Fri May 25 20:03:51 2001  Pascal Rigaux  <pixel@mandrakesoft.com>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_find_1): should exclude directories in executable
-	  file lookup.
-
-Fri May 25 18:00:26 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_obj_singleton_methods): list methods in extended
-	  modules if optional argument is true. [new]
-
-Fri May 25 14:19:25 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_replace): add taint status infection
-	  (OBJ_INFECT()).
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_crypt): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_ljust): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rjust): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_center): ditto.
-
-Fri May 25 05:39:03 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/sha1/sha1-ruby.c (sha1_hexdigest): fix buffer overflow.  The
-	  buffer for a SHA-1 hexdigest needs to be 41 bytes in length.
-
-Fri May 25 01:47:39 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* MANIFEST: update the entries I forgot to add or remove.
-
-Fri May 25 00:57:25 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/sha1/sha1-ruby.c (sha1_new): separate initialize() from
-	  new().
-
-	* ext/md5/md5init.c (md5i_new): ditto.
-
-Fri May 25 00:53:41 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb: fix support for *BSD and set $CFLAGS
-	  properly.
-
-Thu May 24 16:10:33 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_member): check based on "<=>" comparison. [new]
-
-	* range.c (range_check): add "succ" check if first end is not a
-	  numeric.
-
-	* range.c (range_eqq): comparison should based on "<=>".
-
-	* range.c (range_each): ditto.
-
-Thu May 24 16:08:21 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: autoconf 2.50 support.
-
-Thu May 24 14:23:35 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): need argument adjustment for C defined
-	  blocks too.
-
-Thu May 24 01:11:30 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb: header search added. [new]
-
-Wed May 23 02:58:21 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): fix ad-hoc local time adjustment, using
-	  binary tree search.
-
-Tue May 22 17:10:35 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_alias_variable): should not allow variable
-	  aliasing if $SAFE >= 4.
-
-Tue May 22 02:37:45 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (expr): "break" and "next" to take optional expression,
-	  which is used as a value for termination. [new, experimental]
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): "break" can give value to terminating method.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): "break" and "next" to take optional expression.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): "next" can give value to terminating "yield".
-
-	* eval.c (rb_iterate): "break" can give value to terminating method.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_call): ditto.
-
-Mon May 21 13:15:25 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big2str): t should be protected from GC.
-
-Sat May 19 09:29:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_proc_times): need not to check return value from
-	  times(2).
-
-Fri May 18 05:36:08 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (xsystem): backout the previous fix which was
-	  bogus.
-
-Fri May 18 05:19:55 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (xsystem): make a temporary fix to get $(...) macros
-	  properly expanded on a command execution.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (xsystem): ditto.
-
-Fri May 18 03:45:55 2001  Brian F. Feldman  <green@FreeBSD.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: unbreak "make install".  lib/* must be installed
-	  under $rubylibdir, not under $libdir.
-
-Fri May 18 01:28:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (expr): break, next, redo, retry are moved from primary.
-
-Fri May 18 01:11:02 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/sha1/sha1-ruby.c (sha1_new): get rid of an unneeded
-	  rb_obj_call_init() call.
-
-Fri May 18 01:03:55 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/sha1/sha1.txt, ext/sha1/sha1.txt.jp: fix typos.
-
-Thu May 17 19:17:11 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/shell.rb, lib/shell/process-controller.rb,
-	  lib/shell/command-processor.rb: translate Japanese comments into
-	  English.
-
-Thu May 17 19:07:14 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* doc/shell.rd.jp: RD'ify and make some fixes.
-
-	* doc/shell.rd: RD'ify, delete Japanese leftovers, make overall
-	  English fixes, and sync with doc/shell.rd.jp.
-
-Thu May 17 17:35:04 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): address of local_vars might change during eval.
-
-Thu May 17 07:27:09 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/md5/md5.txt.jp, ext/sha1/sha1.txt.jp:
-	  s/SuperClass/Superclass/.
-
-Thu May 17 07:21:44 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/Setup.dj, ext/Setup.emx, ext/Setup.nt, ext/Setup.x68:
-	  compile sha1 in as well as md5.
-
-	* ext/Setup: put sha1 in a comment.
-
-Thu May 17 07:16:38 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/sha1/sha1.txt.jp: add the Japanese version derived from
-	  ext/md5/md5.txt.jp.
-
-	* ext/sha1/sha1.txt: revise the copyright info and reduce the
-	  difference from ext/md5/md5.txt.
-
-	* ext/md5/md5.txt: reduce the difference from ext/sha1/sha1.txt.
-
-Thu May 17 07:11:35 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/sha1/extconf.rb, ext/sha1/sha1.c: use WORDS_BIGENDIAN to
-	  detect the platform's endian.
-
-Thu May 17 06:31:30 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/md5/md5.txt: make wording fixes, and mention the newly added
-	  method: "<<".
-
-	* ext/md5/md5.txt.jp: ditto.
-
-Wed May 16 18:05:52 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/md5/md5init.c: add an instance method "<<" as an alias for
-	  "update". (inspired by Steve Coltrin's ruby-sha1)
-
-Tue May 15 17:46:37 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_and): should not push frozen key string.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_or): ditto.
-
-Tue May 15 02:18:23 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/thread.rb: rescue ThreadError in case the thread is dead
-	  just before calling Thread#run.
-
-Mon May 14 13:50:22 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): should save context before raising
-	  deadlock, saved context for current thread might be obsolete.
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): non DST timezone shift supported (hopefully).
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): strict range detection for negative time_t.
-
-Mon May 14 11:54:20 2001  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* signal.c: SIGINFO added.
-
-Mon May 14 08:57:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_ensure): should not SEGV when prot_tag is NULL.
-
-Sun May 13 23:51:14 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/resource.rb: Modify copyright in resource script.
-
-Sun May 13 14:03:33 2001  Okada Jun  <yun@be-in.org>
-
-	* lib/thread.rb: fix Queue#pop and SizedQueue#max= to avoid
-	  deadlock.
-
-Sat May 12 15:43:55 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (kill): add support of signal 9 on mswin32/mingw32.
-
-Fri May 11 15:09:52 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.h (rb_string_value): add volatile to avoid compiler warning.
-
-	* string.c (rb_string_value): ditto.
-
-Fri May 11 03:35:33 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* README.EXT: Document find_library(), with_config() and
-	  dir_config().
-
-Fri May 11 03:34:20 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* README.EXT.jp: Remove the description of find_header() because
-	  such a function does not actually exist.
-    
-	* README.EXT.jp: Update the description of dir_config().
-
-Fri May 11 02:42:05 2001  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* README, README.jp: Fix CVS access and mailing lists info.
-
-Fri May 11 02:00:44 2001  Ryo HAYASAKA  <ryoh@jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): access boundary bug.
-
-Thu May 10 02:40:47 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): prohibit dumping out singleton classes.
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_to_s): distinguish singleton classes.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_class2name): it's ok to reveal NilClass,
-	  TrueClass, FalseClass.
-
-Wed May  9 14:38:33 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): preserve and restore ruby_cref as well.
-
-Tue May  8 18:28:19 2001  Keiju Ishitsuka  <keiju@ishitsuka.com>
-
-	* lib/irb.rb lib/irb/multi-irb.rb lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb
-	  lib/irb/version.rb resolve ctrl-c problem
-
-Tue May  8 17:12:43 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): core dumped during instance_eval for
-	  special constants.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ditto.
-
-Tue May  8 08:52:57 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* doc/forwardable.rd, doc/forwardable.rd.jp: Hit `=begin' and
-	  `=end' in proper places so rd2 can format them without a problem.
-
-	* doc/irb/irb-tools.rd.jp, doc/irb/irb.rd, doc/irb/irb.rd.jp:
-	  ditto.
-
-Tue May  8 08:38:53 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* doc/forwardable.rd, doc/forwardable.rd.jp, lib/forwardable.rb:
-	  Import forwardable 1.1.
-
-Tue May  8 08:34:33 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* doc/irb/irb-tools.rd.jp, doc/irb/irb.rd.jp: Convert from JIS to
-	  EUC.
-
-Tue May  8 03:46:39 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* sample/rbc.rb: Obsoleted by IRB.
-
-Mon May  7 15:58:45 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): "||=" should not warn for uninitialized instance
-	  variables.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (eval): preserve and restore ruby_cref as well.
-
-Mon May  7 15:45:48 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/ftools.rb (syscopy): chmod destination file only if
-	  it does not exist.
-
-Mon May  7 14:35:57 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_is_instance_of): takes only class/module as an
-	  argument.
-
-Sun May  6 16:27:29 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): rb_reg_nth_defined() may return Qnil.
-
-Thu May  3 03:15:06 2001  SHIROYAMA Takayuki <psi@fortune.nest.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: get --enable-shared to work on MacOS X.
-
-	* Makefile.in: make $(LIBRUBY_SO) depend on miniruby properly.
-	  Now `make -jN' should work without a problem.
-
-Thu May  3 02:07:45 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/config.h.in: add SIZEOF___INT64 definition.
-
-Wed May  2 20:39:35 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (rb_glob, rb_globi): remove unnecessary FNM_PATHNAME.
-
-Wed May  2 11:46:13 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): should not downgrade safe level.
-
-Wed May  2 03:07:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb: allow specifying dbm-type explicitly.
-
-	* ext/dbm/extconf.rb: avoid gdbm if possible, because it leaks
-	  memory, whereas gdbm.so doesn't.  potential incompatibility.
-
-Wed May  2 02:02:18 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_insert): new method.
-
-Tue May  1 17:55:58 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): lex_state after RESCUE_MOD should be EXPR_BEG.
-
-Tue May  1 16:23:03 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_insert): new method.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_update): new utility function.
-
-Tue May  1 03:24:05 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/irb/completion.rb, lib/irb/frame.rb, lib/irb/xmp.rb,
-	  doc/irb/irb-tools.rd.jp: Merge from irb-tools 0.7.1.
-
-Tue May  1 03:07:17 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* sample/irb.rb, lib/irb.rb, lib/irb/*, doc/irb/*: Merge from irb
-	  0.7.3.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Install help-message's too.
-
-	* lib/irb/main.rb: This file is not needed anymore.
-
-Fri Apr 27 09:27:10 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (set_outfile): should check if closed before assignment.
-
-Thu Apr 26 22:36:11 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in:  don't use tzname on Cygwin 1.3.1+.
-
-	* configure.in: add -mieee/-ieee to CFLAGS on OSF1/Alpha
-	  to disable "DIVISION BY ZERO" exception.
-
-Thu Apr 26 22:30:43 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should preserve value of ruby_errinfo.
-
-Thu Apr 26 10:36:09 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-       * eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): infinite sleep should not cause
-	  dead lock.
-
-Wed Apr 25 16:40:44 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_flatten_bang): proper recursive detection.
-
-Wed Apr 25 15:36:15 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-       * eval.c (yield_under): need not to prohibit at safe level 4.
-
-Wed Apr 25 15:22:20 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): p/P packs nil into NULL.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): p/P unpacks NULL into nil.
-
-Tue Apr 24 15:35:32 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): size check for P template.
-
-	* ruby.c (set_arg0): wrong predicate when new $0 value is bigger
-	  than original space.
-
-Tue Apr 24 15:18:49 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: (dir_config) do not add the
-	  specified include directory if already included in $CPPFLAGS.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: (dir_config) return a more useful
-	  value, [include_dir, lib_dir].
-
-Mon Apr 23 14:43:59 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (id2ref): should use NUM2ULONG()
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_const_get): check whether name is a class
-	  variable name.
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_const_set): ditto.
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_const_defined): ditto.
-
-Sat Apr 21 22:33:26 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_float): precision changed to "%.16g"
-
-Sat Apr 21 22:07:58 2001  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): wrong retry behavior.
-
-Fri Apr 20 19:12:20 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_aref): a bug on long>int architecture.
-
-Fri Apr 20 14:57:15 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_string_wrap): should restore ruby_wrapper.
-
-Sun Apr 22 17:44:37 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: add -mieee to CFLAGS on Linux/Alpha
-	  to disable "DIVISION BY ZERO" exception.
-
-	* configure.in: remove -ansi on OSF/1.
-
-Wed Apr 18 04:37:51 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: CGI::Cookie: no use PATH_INFO.
-
-Wed Apr 18 00:24:40 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): char class at either edge of range
-	  should be invalid.
-
-Tue Apr 17 17:33:55 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (handle_rescue): use === to compare exception match.
-
-	* error.c (syserr_eqq): comparison between SytemCallErrors should
-	  based on their error numbers.
-
-Tue Apr 17 16:54:39 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (safe_getter): should use INT2NUM().
-
-Tue Apr 17 15:12:56 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big2long): 2**31 cannot fit in 31 bit long.
-
-Sat Apr 14 22:46:43 2001  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* regex.c (calculate_must_string): wrong length calculation.
-
-Sat Apr 14 13:37:32 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/config.status.in: no longer use missing/alloca.c.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: ditto.
-
-Fri Apr 13 12:40:48 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start_0): fixed memory leak.
-
-Fri Apr 13 16:41:18 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (none): should clear cmdarg_stack too.
-
-Fri Apr 13 06:19:29 2001  GOTOU YUUZOU  <gotoyuzo@notwork.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_fopen): use setvbuf() to avoid recursive malloc() on
-	  some platforms.
-
-Wed Apr 11 23:36:26 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_dev): device functions should honor stat field
-	  types (except long long such as dev_t).
-
-Wed Apr 11 18:07:53 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_nesting): should not push nil for nesting array.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_s_constants): should not search array by
-	  rb_mod_const_at() for nil (happens for singleton class).
-
-Wed Apr 11 13:29:26 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class_attached): should modify iv_tbl by
-	  itself, no longer use rb_iv_set() to avoid freeze check error.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_get): error message "uninitialized constant
-	  Foo at Bar::Baz" instead of "uninitialized constantBar::Baz::Foo".
-
-Tue Apr 10 17:52:10 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_included): new hook called from rb_mod_include().
-
-Tue Apr 10 02:24:40 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (opt_i_set): should strdup() inplace_edit string.
-
-Mon Apr  9 23:29:54 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (exec_under): need to push cref too.
-
-Mon Apr  9 15:20:21 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_missing): raise NameError for "undefined local
-	  variable or method".
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): new exception NoMethodError.
-	  NameError moved under ScriptError again.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_missing): use NoMethodError instead of NameError.
-
-Mon Apr  9 12:05:44 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (Init_File): should redifine "new" class method.
-
-Mon Apr  9 11:56:52 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: fix typo.
-
-Fri Apr  6 01:46:35 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (PUSH_CREF): sharing cref node was problematic.  maintain
-	  runtime cref list instead.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): copy defn node before registering.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): clear ruby_cref before loading.
-
-Thu Apr  5 22:40:12 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_get): no recursion to show full class path
-	  for modules.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_set_safe_level): should set safe level in curr_thread
-	  as well.
-
-	* eval.c (safe_setter): ditto.
-
-Thu Apr  5 13:46:06 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_is_instance_of): nil belongs to false, not true.
-
-Thu Apr  5 02:19:03 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): proper (I hope) daylight saving time
-	  handling for both US and Europe.  I HATE DST!
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_wait_for): non blocked signal interrupt should
-	  stop the interval.
-
-Wed Apr  4 03:47:03 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_eq): class check aded.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_eq): typo fixed ("return" was ommitted).
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): move NameError under StandardError.
-
-	* class.c (rb_mod_clone): should copy method bodies too.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): should trim trailing zero bdigits of
-	  remainder, even if dd == 0.
-
-	* file.c (check3rdbyte): safe string check moved here.
-
-Tue Apr  3 09:56:20 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (create_makefile): create def file only if
-	  it does not yet exist.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-Tue Apr  3 00:05:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): remove HAVE_TM_ZONE code since it
-	  sometimes reports wrong time.
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): remove unnecessary range check for
-	  platforms where negative time_t is available.
-
-Mon Apr  2 16:52:48 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitall): should push Process::Status instead of
-	  Finuxm status.  
-
-	* process.c (waitall_each): should add all entries in pid_tbl.
-	  these changes are inspired by Koji Arai.  Thanks.
-
-	* process.c (proc_wait): should not iterate if pid_tbl is 0.
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitall): ditto.
-
-Mon Apr  2 14:25:49 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/monitor.rb (wait): ensure reentrance.
-
-	* lib/monitor.rb (wait): fix timeout support.
-
-Mon Apr  2 12:40:45 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (media_subtype): return subtype.
-
-Mon Apr  2 12:01:15 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (flag_list): capitalize flags.
-
-Mon Apr  2 01:32:38 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* Makefile.in: Introduce MAINLIBS.
-
-	* configure.in: Link libc_r against the ruby executable on
-	  FreeBSD, which is the first attempt to work around a certain
-	  problem regarding pthread on FreeBSD.  It should make ruby/libruby
-	  happy when it loads an extension to a library compiled and linked
-	  with -pthread.  Note, however, that libruby is _not_ linked with
-	  libc_r so as not to mess up pthread unfriendly stuff including
-	  apache+mod_ruby and vim6+ruby_interp.
-
-Mon Apr  2 01:16:24 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c: use ruby's opendir on mingw32.
-
-	* win32/dir.h, dir.c, Makefile: ditto.
-
-Sun Apr  1 23:26:14 2001  TOYOFUKU Chikanobu  <toyofuku@juice.or.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flodivmod): a bug in no fmod case.
-
-Sun Apr  1 18:36:14 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* process.c (pst_wifsignaled): should apply WIFSIGNALED for status
-	  (int), not st (VALUE).
-
-Sat Mar 31 04:47:55 2001  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: add document and example code.
-
-Sat Mar 31 03:24:10 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): value of $/ and $\ are no longer restricted to
-	  strings.  type checks are done on demand.
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): module inclusion should be check
-	  taints.
-
-	* ruby.h (STR2CSTR): replace to StringType() and StringTypePtr().
-
-	* ruby.h (rb_str2cstr): ditto.
-
-Fri Mar 30 23:37:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): should not copy toplevel local variables.  It
-	  cause variable/method ambiguity.  Thanks to L. Peter Deutsch.
-
-Fri Mar 30 22:56:56 2001  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: rename ContinueRequest to ContinuationRequest.
-
-Fri Mar 30 12:51:19 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): freeze check at first.
-
-Thu Mar 29 17:05:09 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_attr): sprintf() and rb_intern() moved into
-	  conditional body.
-
-Wed Mar 28 23:43:00 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: add C++ rules in addition to C
-	  rules for the mswin32 platforms.
-
-Wed Mar 28 19:29:21 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: move C++ rules to the right place.
-
-Wed Mar 28 17:39:04 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_str2cstr): warn if string contains \0 and length
-	  value is ignored.
-
-Wed Mar 28 15:00:31 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class_clone): should copy class constant
-	  table as well.
-
-Wed Mar 28 14:23:23 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): sometimes cache was mistakenly left
-	  uncleared - based on the patch by K.Kosako.
-
-	* ruby.h: all Check_SafeStr()'s are replaced by SafeStr() to
-	  ensure 'to_str' be always effective.
-
-Wed Mar 28 09:52:33 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: disable global optimization.
-
-Tue Mar 27 15:00:54 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): should have clear method cache.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): should have raised exception for
-	  type error.
-
-Tue Mar 27 14:48:17 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.h: changed "extern INLINE" to "static inline".
-
-Mon Mar 26 23:19:33 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (rb_strftime): check whether strftime returns empty string.
-
-Mon Mar 26 21:16:56 2001  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: supports response handlers and multiple commands.
-
-Mon Mar 26 17:21:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c: remove TMP_PROTECT_END to prevent C_ALLOCA crash.
-
-Mon Mar 26 14:04:41 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c: remove Init_win32api().
-
-Sun Mar 25 16:52:48 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_flock): do not trap EINTR.
-
-	* missing/flock.c (flock): returns the value from lockf(2)
-	  directly.
-
-Sat Mar 24 23:44:50 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ev_const_defined): should ignore toplevel cbase (Object).
-
-	* eval.c (ev_const_get): ditto.
-
-Fri Mar 23 17:37:52 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/md5/md5.h: replace by independent md5 implementation
-	  contributed by L. Peter Deutsch (thanks).
-
-	* ext/md5/md5init.c: adopted to Deutsch's md5 implementation.
-
-Fri Mar 23 17:26:19 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): string from P/p should be tainted.
-
-Fri Mar 23 12:18:44 2001  SHIROYAMA Takayuki  <psi@fortune.nest.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c: curses on Mac OS X public beta does not
-	  have _maxx etc.
-
-Fri Mar 23 10:50:31 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): should truncate trailing zero short for
-	  bignums.
-
-Fri Mar 23 09:49:02 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (sym_intern): new method.
-
-Thu Mar 22 22:15:45 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/extconf.rb: add -fno-omit-frame-pointer.
-
-Thu Mar 22 18:17:36 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_nesting): should not include Object at the
-	  toplevel.
-
-Thu Mar 22 17:43:44 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.h: better inline function support.
-
-	* configure.in (NO_C_INLINE): check if inline is available for the
-	  C compiler.
-
-Mon Mar 19 11:03:10 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): len calculation patch was wrong for
-	  machines SIZEOF_BDIGITS == SIZEOF_SHORT.
-
-	* gc.c: alloca prototype reorganized for C_ALLOCA machine.
-
-Wed Mar 21 23:07:45 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (win32_stat): WinNT/2k "//host/share" support.
-
-Wed Mar 21 08:05:35 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/dir.h: replace missing/dir.h .
-
-	* win32/win32.h: ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c: ditto.
-
-Wed Mar 21 01:26:14 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (id2ref): sometimes confused symbol and reference.
-
-Tue Mar 20 23:09:33 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (win32_stat): UNC support.
-
-	* dir.c (extract_path): fix "./*" problem.
-
-Tue Mar 20 15:10:00 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): breaks loop after calling recusive
-	  glob_helper; all wild cards should be consumed; no need for
-	  further match.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_glob): gives warning if no match found.
-
-Tue Mar 20 14:13:45  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* object.c (sym_inspect): did allocate extra byte space.
-
-Mon Mar 19 19:14:47 2001  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* marshal.c (shortlen): shortlen should return number of bytes
-	  written.
-
-Mon Mar 19 16:52:23 2001  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (ev_const_defined): need not to check if cbase->nd_class
-	  is rb_cObject.
-
-	* eval.c (ev_const_get): ditto.
-
-Mon Mar 19 17:11:20 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_zone): return "UTC" for UTC time objects.
-
-Mon Mar 19 16:27:32 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (THREAD_ALLOC): flags should be initialized.
-
-	* signal.c (rb_f_kill): should use FIX2INT, not FIX2UINT.
-
-Mon Mar 19 10:55:10 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): replace lstat() by stat() to follow symlink
-	  in the case like 'symlink/*'.
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): gave warning too much.
-
-Sun Mar 18 08:58:18 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: // === '' --> //.match('')
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: cgi#header(): improvement for mod_ruby.
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: cgi#rfc1123date(): improvement.
-	  thanks to TADA Tadashi <sho@spc.gr.jp>.
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: cgi#rfc1123date(): document bug fix.
-	  thanks to Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA <zn@mbf.nifty.com>.
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: cgi#header(): bug fix.
-	  thanks to IWATSUKI Hiroyuki <don@na.rim.or.jp>.
-
-Sat Mar 17 11:11:24 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): * should follow symlink, whereas ** should
-	  not follow.
-
-Thu Mar 15 01:28:02 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_chdir): block form of Dir.chdir. (RCR#U016).
-
-Fri Mar 16 17:14:17 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* configure.in: Set SOLIBS properly for all ELF and
-	  FreeBSD/NetBSD/OpenBSD a.out platforms so that the shlib
-	  dependencies are recorded in the libruby shlib.
-
-Wed Mar 14 16:41:45 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): raise FATAL just once to
-	  THREAD_TO_KILL.
-
-Wed Mar 14 10:41:34 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): 0 (= Qfalse) is a valid value, so that
-	  default self should be checked by klass == 0.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): should disallow '++1', '+-1', etc.
-
-Tue Mar 13 17:51:09 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ev_const_defined): add new parameter self for special
-	  const fallback.
-
-	* eval.c (ev_const_get): ditto.
-
-Tue Mar 13 16:39:45 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (rb_glob_helper): fix drive letter handling on DOSISH.
-
-Tue Mar 13 14:54:39 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: add HTTPRequest#basic_auth.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: raise if only account or password is given.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: WriteAdapter#<< returns self.
-
-Tue Mar 13 14:41:16 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (argf_seek_m): wrong calling sequence of rb_io_seek().
-
-Tue Mar 13 09:14:19 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (cond0): no special treatment of string literal in
-	  condition.
-
-Mon Mar 12 18:59:38 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): save/restore $libs and $LIBPATH.
-
-Sun Mar 11 18:13:34 2001  Masahiro Tanaka  <masa@stars.gsfc.nasa.gov>
-
-	* math.c: add acos, asin, atan, conh, sinh, tanh and hypot to Math.
-
-	* configure.in: check hypot availablility.
-
-	* missing/hypot.c: public domain rewrite of hypot.
-
-Sun Mar 11 13:21:04 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (warn_unless_e_option): warning condition was wrong.
-
-	* parse.y (warning_unless_e_option): ditto.
-
-Sun Mar 11 00:55:31 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (install_rb): fix handling of destination path.
-
-Sat Mar 10 22:56:44 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_all): new method 'all?', which returns true if
-	  block returns true for all elements.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_any): new method 'any?', which returns true if
-	  block returns true for any of elements.
-
-Sat Mar 10 02:34:18 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c (math_log, math_log10): use nan() instead of 0.0/0.0 on Cygwin.
-
-Fri Mar  9 09:56:19 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (marshal_load): do not give warning unless explicitly
-	  set to verbose.
-
-Fri Mar  9 02:07:53 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_exit): give string value "exit" to SystemExit.
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): -v should not print version if
-	  proc_options called via moreswitches().
-
-Thu Mar  8 17:45:19 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: one write(2) per one line.
-
-Wed Mar  7 14:26:11 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c (math_log, math_log10): should return NaN if x < 0.0
-	  on Cygwin.
-
-Thu Mar  7 10:31:26 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): while/until modifier must work for empty body.
-
-Tue Mar  6 22:53:58 2001  Kazuhiro Yoshida   <moriq.kazuhiro@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_set_argv): clear ARGV contents before adding args.
-
-Tue Mar  6 10:50:29 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (primary): rescue and ensure clauses should be allowed
-	  to appear in singleton method body.
-
-Mon Mar  5 17:25:13 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_eq): compare Procs using blocktag equality.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_to_s): stringify according to block tag address.
-
-Mon Mar  5 17:19:56 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (gettimeofday): use GetLocalTime() instead of ftime()
-	  for high-resolution timing.
-
-Sun Mar  4 17:01:09 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (trnext): support backslash escape in String#tr.
-
-Sat Mar  3 16:15:16 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): push cbase if ruby_cbase != ruby_class, for
-	  example in the case NODE_DEFN/NODE_DEFS are called within
-	  module_eval.
-
-Wed Feb 28 11:02:41 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_delete_bang): delete! should take at least 1
-	  argument. 
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): add rb_gc() after loading to avoid
-	  extraordinary memory growth.
-
-Wed Feb 28 05:01:40 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (rb_glob_helper): "./foo" should match "foo", not "./foo".
-
-Tue Feb 27 16:38:15 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ev_const_get): retrieve Object's constant if no current
-	  class is available (e.g. defining singleton class for Fixnums).
-
-	* eval.c (ev_const_defined): check Object's constant if no current
-	  class is available (e.g. defining singleton class for Fixnums).
-
-	* time.c (time_timeval): negative time interval shoule not be
-	  allowed.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_call): ignore block to `call' always, despite of
-	  being orphan or not.
-
-Wed Feb 27 10:16:32 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): should check based on rb_block_given_p()
-	  and rb_f_block_given_p().
-
-Tue Feb 27 04:13:45 2001 Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in (frame-address): --enable-frame-address to allow
-	  __builtin_frame_address() to be used.
-
-	* eval.c (stack_length): use __builtin_frame_address() based on
-	  the macro USE_BUILTIN_FRAME_ADDRESS.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c (Init_stack): ditto.
-
-Mon Feb 26 16:20:27 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): call ruby_show_version() just once.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_open): returns the value from a block (if given).
-
-Mon Feb 26 14:29:04 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: add C++ rules in addition to C
-	  rules.
-
-Mon Feb 26 00:04:52 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_call): should not modify ruby_block->frame.iter
-	  based on ruby_frame->iter altered by PUSH_ITER().
-
-Mon Feb 26 05:27:52 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: #telnetmode(), #binmode(): bug fix.
-	  thanks to nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp.
-
-Mon Feb 26 04:55:50 2001  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: CGI#form(): bug fix.
-	  thanks to MoonWolf <moonwolf@moonwolf.com>.
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: CGI#rfc1123_date(): improvement.
-	  thanks to Tomoyasu Akita <genzo-@dm4lab.to>.
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: CGI#header(): improvement for mod_ruby.
-	  thanks to Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>.
-
-Sun Feb 25 02:45:30 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_rename): avoid Cygwin's bug.
-
-Sat Feb 24 23:32:55 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_fd_close): should save current context before
-	  raising exception.
-
-Sat Feb 24 22:14:00 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myrename): fix error handling.
-
-Sat Feb 24 13:58:48 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: always close connection on request without
-	  body.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: change copyright.
-
-Sat Feb 24 03:15:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (set_stdin): preserve original stdin.
-
-	* io.c (set_outfile): preserve original stdout/stderr.
-
-Fri Feb 23 08:28:58 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: clear read buffer after reopen.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: refactoring.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: split module HTTPHeader from HTTPResponse.
-
-Tue Feb 20 23:45:35 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c: add W* macro if not available.
-
-Tue Feb 20 16:37:58 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: add check for negative time_t for gmtime(3).
-
-	* time.c (time_new_internal): no positive check if gmtime(3) can
-	  handle negative time_t.
-
-	* time.c (time_timeval): ditto.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big2long): should not raise RangeError for Bignum
-	  LONG_MIN value.
-
-Mon Feb 19 17:46:37 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_substr): "a"[1,2] should return ""; need
-	  rubicon upgrade.
-
-Mon Feb 19 12:10:36 2001  Triet H. Lai  <thlai@mail.usyd.edu.au>
-
-	* error.c (rb_sys_warning): new function to give warning with
-	  strerror() message.
-
-	* dir.c (rb_glob_helper): better error handling, along with
-	  performance tune.
-
-Mon Feb 19 01:55:43 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (secure_visibility): visibility check for untainted modules.
-
-Mon Feb 19 00:29:29 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* signal.c (sigpipe): sighandler which does nothing.
-
-	* signal.c (trap): set sigpipe function for SIGPIPE.
-
-	* signal.c (Init_signal): default SIGPIPE handler should be
-	  sigpipe function.
-
-Sun Feb 18 15:42:38 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/curses/extconf.rb: add dir_config.
-
-	* missing/flock.c: use fcntl(2) instead of lockf(2).
-
-Sun Feb 18 05:46:03 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: Response#range_length was not debugged.
-
-Sun Feb 18 04:02:03 2001  Yasushi Shoji  <yashi@yashi.com>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_subseq): wrong boundary check.
-
-Sun Feb 18 00:09:50 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c: make file I/O faster on mswin32/mingw32.
-
-	* win32/win32.h: ditto.
-
-	* rubysig.h: ditto.
-
-Sat Feb 17 23:32:45 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (cond0): integer literal in condition should not be
-	  compared to lineno ($.).
-
-Fri Feb 16 01:44:56 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (set_outfile): f should be the FILE* from the assigning value.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (tcp_s_open): should not give default value
-	  to local_host.
-
-	* time.c (time_s_times): move to Process::times.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_lchmod): new method File::lchmod.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_lchown): new method File::lchown.
-
-Thu Feb 15 11:33:49 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi/session.rb (close): fixed reversed condition.
-
-Thu Feb 15 08:34:14 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitall): new method based on a patch from Brian
-	  Fundakowski Feldman <green@green.dyndns.org>.
-
-	* process.c (last_status_set): objectify $? value (Process::Status).
-
-Wed Feb 14 17:28:24 2001  Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: supports unknown resp_text_code.
-
-Wed Feb 14 00:44:17 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_glob): support backslash escape of metacharacters
-	  and delimiters.
-
-	* dir.c (remove_backslases): remove backslashes from path before
-	  calling stat(2).
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_glob): call rb_yield directly (via push_pattern) if
-	  block is given to the method.
-
-	* dir.c (push_pattern): do not call rb_ary_push; yield directly.
-
-	* eval.c (blk_copy_prev): reduced ALLOC_N too much.
-
-	* eval.c (frame_dup): ditto.
-
-Tue Feb 13 23:05:38 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (lstat): should use rb_sys_stat if lstat(2) is not
-	  available.
-
-Tue Feb 13 08:43:10 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_ctl): do not call ioctl/fcntl for f2, if f and f2
-	  have same fileno.
-
-Tue Feb 13 01:13:43 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): raise LocaJumpError if unexpected local jumps
-	  appear during load.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_close_read): don't call rb_thread_fd_close();
-	  it's supposed to be called by io_io_close().
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_close_read): do not modify f and f2.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_close_write): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_new): avoid dup(2) on sockets.
-
-	* parse.y (primary): preserve and clear in_single and in_def using
-	  stack to prevent nested method errors in singleton class bodies.
-
-Sun Feb 11 16:00:30 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (stack_length): use __builtin_frame_address() only if
-	  GCC and i386 CPU.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc, Init_stack): ditto.
-
-	* configure.in: add ac_cv_func_getpgrp_void=yes on DJGPP.
-
-Sat Feb 10 23:43:49 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): dumped core on machines sizeof(int) != sizeof(long).
-
-Sat Feb 10 23:07:15 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_for_fd): IO::for_fd(fd) - new method.
-
-	* regex.c (PREV_IS_A_LETTER): should not treat c>0x7f as a word
-	  character if -Kn.
-
-Sat Feb 10 00:00:30 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (win32_stat): replace stat to enable when pathname
-	  ends with '/' or '\' for mswin32 on Win9X / Win2k.
-
-	* win32/win32.h: ditto.
-
-	* ruby.h: ditto.
-
-	* dir.c (rb_glob_helper): ditto.
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat, rb_file_s_stat, eaccess, check3rdbyte): ditto.
-
-Fri Feb  9 22:54:57 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_init_loadpath): convert '\\' to '/'
-	  before finding executable file path.
-
-Fri Feb  9 17:41:53 2001  Triet H. Lai  <thlai@mail.usyd.edu.au>
-
-	* dir.c (rb_glob_helper): do not follow symbolic links.
-
-Thu Feb  8 21:27:24 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (install_rb): fix handling of relative path.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): add srcdir.
-
-Thu Feb  8 02:22:09 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: join HTTPReadResponse into HTTPResponse again.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: move http_version() from HTTPRequest to
-	  HTTPResponse.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: refactoring.
-
-Wed Feb  7 16:27:27 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: split HTTPResponse into HTTPReadResponse
-	  module.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: add Net::net_private.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: Socket#reopen takes arg, open_timeout.
-
-Wed Feb  7 16:05:22 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_quotedwords): %w should allow parenthesis escape.
-
-Wed Feb  7 00:57:42 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_qstring): %q should allow terminator escape.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_options): new method to give an option values.
-
-	* parse.y (cond0): disable special treating of integer literal in
-	  conditional unless option -e is supplied.  changes current
-	  behavior.  experimental.
-
-	* parse.y (cond0): give warning for string/integer literals and
-	  dot operators in conditionals unless option -e is supplied.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_equal): all option flags should be same to be equal.
-
-Tue Feb  6 21:30:44 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: call on_connect() on re-opening socket.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: also POP3 can use APOP auth.
-
-Tue Feb  6 20:19:10 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: add HTTP#request.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: take HTTP 1.0 server into account (incomplete).
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: timeout for open/read.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: add Protocol#on_connect,on_disconnect.
-
-Mon Feb  5 23:15:46 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): make Interrupt a subclass of
-	  SignalException.
-
-Mon Feb 5 00:39:06 2001  KANEKO Naoshi  <wbs01621@mail.wbs.ne.jp>
-
-	* dir.c: use ISXXX() instead of isxxx().
-
-	* dln.c (aix_loaderror): ditto.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_upcase_bang): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (do_spawn): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (NtMakeCmdVector): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (opendir): ditto.
-
-Sat Feb  3 14:44:53 2001  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in (AC_C_INLINE): check inline attribute.
-
-	* gc.c (is_pointer_to_heap): use inline rather than __inline__.
-
-	* pack.c (hex2num): ditto.
-
-	* ruby.h (rb_class_of, rb_type, rb_special_const_p): ditto.
-
-	* util.c (rb_class_of, rb_type, rb_special_const_p): defined in
-	  ruby.h.
-
-Fri Feb  2 16:14:51 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang): returns self, even if its length is
-	  less than 2.
-
-	* eval.c (POP_VARS): propagate DVAR_DONT_RECYCLE, if
-	  SCOPE_DONT_RECYCLE of ruby_scope is set.
-
-Wed Jan 31 22:27:29 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: gcc-2.95.2-7(Cygwin) support.
-	  add -mwin32 if available.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile: ditto.
-
-Tue Jan 30 17:56:48 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_fetch): new method.
-
-Mon Jan 29 17:36:19 2001  TOYOFUKU Chikanobu  <toyofuku@juice.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): nd_iter evaluation should be wrapped by
-	  BEGIN_CALLARGS and END_CALLARGS.
-
-Mon Jan 29 14:25:39 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): return from block jumps directory to
-	  block invoker.
-
-Mon Jan 29 01:40:27 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (str_independent): should not clear str->orig here.
-	  it's too early.
-
-Fri Jan 26 01:42:40 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y: clarify do ambiguity, bit more complex but natural
-	  from my point of view.
-
-Wed Jan 24 14:58:08 2001  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: fix the problem that when running under mod_ruby
-	  header() outputs only one Set-Cookie line.
-
-Wed Jan 24 01:45:49 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (POP_BLOCK_TAG): call rb_gc_force_recycle() if block has
-	  not been objectified.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_callcc): should nail down block->tag history to avoid
-	  rb_gc_force_recycle(). 
-
-Tue Jan 23 18:51:57 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_call_finalizer_at_exit): should finalize objects in
-	  deferred_final_list too.
-
-Tue Jan 23 16:10:12 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (os_live_obj): do not list terminated object.
-
-	* gc.c (os_obj_of): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): support new T_BLKTAG tag.
-
-	* gc.c (obj_free): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (new_blktag): creation of new block tag, which holds
-	  destination of global jump and orphan status.
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): break from orphan Proc object will raise a
-	  LocalJumpError exception.
-
-Mon Jan 22 16:33:16 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: autoconf 2.49 support.
-
-Mon Jan 22 00:32:44 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): behavior consistency with proc_call(). do
-	  not propagate `break'.
-
-Sat Jan 20 03:54:00 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): fixed serious syntax misbehavior.  do's
-	  preceding was too high.  a block in `foo bar do .. end' should
-	  be passed to `foo', not `bar'.
-
-	* parse.y (block_call): syntax restructure.
-
-Thu Jan 18 04:28:14 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_read): new method to call IO#read from
-	  pathname.  In addition, it accepts third optional argument to
-	  specify starting point.
-
-Wed Jan 17 13:28:26 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: remove DEFS definition.
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: ditto.
-
-	* win32/config.status.in: ditto.
-
-Tue Jan 16 17:00:50 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: ignore EOFError for read.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: user specified header was not used.
-
-Mon Jan 15 16:00:07 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): should check associated pointer packed by
-	  pack("P").  Thus pointers can be retrieved only from pointer
-	  packed strings.  restriction added.
-
-Sun Jan 14 21:49:28 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): simple typo.  binary base should be 2,
-	  not '2'.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_last_match): should explicitly return nth match.
-
-Sun Jan 14 18:21:30 2001  Usaku Nakamura  <usa@osb.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/config.status.in: add some field.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (isInternalCmd): ignore case for shell's internal
-	  command.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (do_spawn): recognize quoted command line.
-
-Sun Jan 14 04:10:27 2001  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb (adding): too few "yield" in case of arg is
-	  not String/File.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: add http request object.
-
-Sat Jan 13 19:39:30 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_desc): separate RE_OPTION_MULTILINE
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_options): add RE_OPTION_{POSIXLINE,RE_OPTION_MULTILINE,
-	  RE_OPTION_EXTENDED}
-
-Thu Jan 11 10:45:04 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.h, win32/config.h.in: move NORETURN from win32.h
-	  to config.h.in.
-
-	* win32/config.h.in (inline): renamed from INLINE.
-
-	* djgpp/config.hin (INLINE): removed.
-
-Thu Jan 11 06:45:55 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_dup): should propagate FL_SINGLETON.
-
-	* object.c (inspect_obj): handles the case of no instance variable.
-
-Wed Jan 10 16:15:08 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.h: NORETURN macro is changed for VC++ 6.0.
-
-	* eval.c, intern.h: ditto.
-
-	* djgpp/config.hin, win32/win32.h: ditto.
-
-	* configure.in: ditto.
-
-Wed Jan 10 13:54:53 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (proc_setuid): use setresuid() if available.
-
-	* process.c (proc_setgid): use setresgid() if available.
-
-	* configure.in: ditto.
-
-Wed Jan 10 01:50:45 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (AC_C_INLINE): check inline attribute.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_reverse_bang): forgot to call rb_str_modify().
-
-Tue Jan  9 17:41:40 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_taint): check frozen status before modifying
-	  taint status.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_untaint): ditto.
-
-Tue Jan  9 16:22:14 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_inject): new method.
-
-Tue Jan  9 02:16:42 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_call_finalizer_at_exit): clear klass member of
-	  terminating object.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): raise exception for terminated object.
-
-Mon Jan  8 21:24:37 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): t2 might be too big for signed long; do
-	  not use rb_int2big(), but rb_uint2big().
-
-Mon Jan  8 21:35:10 2001  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* file.c (path_check_1): should restore modified path.
-
-Mon Jan  8 03:09:58 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (rb_load_fail): new func to report LoadError.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): use rb_load_fail.
-
-Sat Jan  6 00:17:18 2001  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): avoid infinite loop(pack 'm2').
-
-Fri Jan  5 01:02:17 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_finalize): should enclosed by PUSH_TAG/POP_TAG.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): link 2 of NODE_IFUNC should not be explicitly
-	  marked.  it may contain non object pointer.
-
-Tue Jan  2 00:20:06 2001  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (reg_s_last_match): Regexp::last_match(nth) returns nth
-	  substring of the match  (alternative for $& and $<digit>).
-
-Sun Dec 31 01:39:16 2000  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): wrong comparison for blocks.
-
-Sat Dec 30 19:28:50 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (id2ref): should handle Symbol too.
-
-	* gc.c (id2ref): should print original ptr value
-
-Sat Dec 30 03:14:22 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_iterate): NODE_CFUNC does not protect its data
-	  (nd_tval), so create new node NODE_IFUNC for iteration C
-	  function. 
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): use NODE_IFUNC.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): support NODE_IFUNC.
-
-Fri Dec 29 11:41:55 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (mem_error): prohibit recursive mem_error().
-	  (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#36)
-
-Fri Dec 29 11:05:41 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_fd_writable): should not switch context if
-	  rb_thread_critical is set.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_wait_fd): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_wait_for): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_select): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): join during critical section causes
-	  deadlock. 
-
-Fri Dec 29 00:38:46 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* m17n.c: new file - core functions of M17N.
-
-Tue Dec 26 18:46:41 2000  NAKAMURA Hiroshi  <nakahiro@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/debug.rb: Avoid thread deadlock in debugging stopped thread.
-
-	* lib/debug.rb: Uncleared 'finish' state.
-
-Tue Dec 26 16:53:55 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): remove dvar node by rb_gc_force_recycle()
-	  more eagerly.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_binding): recycling should be stopped for outer
-	  scope too.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_new): ditto.
-
-Tue Dec 26 15:45:35 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_inspect): should treat multibyte chracters
-	  properly.
-
-Mon Dec 25 17:49:08 2000  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_replace_m): unexpected string share happens if
-	  replace is done for associated (STR_NO_ORIG) string.
-
-Tue Dec 26 15:01:53 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_p): should not call rb_io_flush() if rb_defout is not
-	  a IO (T_FILE).
-
-Mon Dec 25 15:52:39 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* stable version 1.6.2 released.
-
-Mon Dec 25 05:11:04 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: version 2.1.2 (some bug fixes).
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: Regexp::last_match[1] --> $1
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 25 04:43:02 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: does not send HEAD on closing socket.
-
-Mon Dec 25 00:44:48 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_any_cmp): should use rb_str_cmp() if TYPE == T_STRING
-	  and CLASS_OF == rb_cString.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_new4): should copy class of original too.
-
-Mon Dec 25 00:04:54 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): initial value of `max' changed to -1.
-
-Mon Dec 25 00:16:14 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_replace_m): copy-on-write replace.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): should handle => after identifier as well as ==
-	  and =~.
-
-Sat Dec 23 23:55:57 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): Integer("") should not return 0.
-
-Sat Dec 23 11:55:57 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_and): Array#& should preverve original order.
-
-Sat Dec 23 03:44:16 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: set @closed false in Socket#reopen.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: add POP3.foreach, delete_all.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: add POP3#delete_all.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: add HTTP.version_1_1, version_1_2
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: refactoring.
-
-Fri Dec 22 23:11:12 2000  Ueno Katsuhiro  <unnie@blue.sky.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_feature_p): ext might be null.
-
-Fri Dec 22 17:04:12 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myselect): avoid busy loop by adjusting fd_count.
-
-Fri Dec 22 15:07:55 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): prefix like '0x' had removed too much.
-
-Thu Dec 21 13:01:46 2000  Tanaka Akira  <akr@m17n.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (makeport): don't use TCPsocket.getaddress.
-
-Wed Dec 20 12:00:15 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_lshift): should cast up to BDIGIT_DBL.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): disallow trailing '_' for numeric litrals.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): allow `_' within converting string.
-
-	* eval.c (specific_eval): should take no argument if block is
-	  supplied.
-
-Tue Dec 19 13:44:50 2000  K.Kosako  <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_p): should flush rb_defout, not stdout.
-
-Tue Dec 19 00:57:10 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_minus): usec might overflow. (ruby-bugs-ja:PR#35)
-
-	* eval.c (rb_obj_extend): Object#extend should take at least one
-	  argument.
-
-	* parse.y (mrhs_basic): should check value_expr($3), not $1.
-
-Mon Dec 18 23:18:39 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* util.c (mblen, __crt0_glob_function): add for multibyte
-	  on DJGPP 2.03.
-
-Mon Dec 18 18:10:30 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): usec might underflow (ruby-bugs-ja:#PR33).
-
-Mon Dec 18 08:11:20 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_set_default): should call rb_hash_modify().
-
-Sat Dec 16 02:58:26 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should clear ruby_errinfo on retry.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_rescue2): ditto.
-
-Thu Dec 14 13:06:18 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): prohibit fronzen class/module.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_frozen_class_p): make external.
-
-	* intern.h (rb_frozen_class_p): prototyped.
-
-	* intern.h (rb_undef): prototyped not but rb_undef_method()
-	  which is also in ruby.h.
-
-Thu Dec 14 09:20:26 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: support -T1 on ruby 1.6.2
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: $1 --> Regexp::last_match[1]
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: ditto.
-
-Wed Dec 13 23:27:06 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): handles case statement without expr, which
-	  looks for any TRUE (non nil, non false) when expression.
-
-	* parse.y (primary): case expression should not be compstmt, but
-	  mere expr.
-
-	* parse.y (primary): case without following expression is now
-	  separated rule.
-
-Wed Dec 13 12:41:27 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): accept "--^M" for DOS line endings.
-
-Tue Dec 12 15:45:42 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (newline_node): cancel newline unification.
-
-Mon Dec 11 23:01:57 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): supports cases `?' precedes EOF and newline.
-
-Mon Dec 11 12:11:25 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (call_end_proc): some frame members were left
-	  uninitialized.
-
-Mon Dec 11 01:14:58 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fptr_finalize): do not fclose stdin, stdout and
-	  stderr at exit.
-
-Sat Dec  9 17:34:48 2000  Tachino Nobuhiro <tachino@open.nm.fujitsu.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_cmp): should check with kind_of?, not instance_of?
-
-	* time.c (time_eql): ditto.
-
-	* time.c (time_minus): ditto.
-
-Fri Dec  8 17:23:25 2000  Tachino Nobuhiro <tachino@open.nm.fujitsu.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): proper string precision treat.
-
-Fri Dec  8 10:44:05 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_remove_cvar): Module#remove_class_variable
-	  added.
-
-Thu Dec  7 17:35:51 2000  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (stack_length): don't use __builtin_frame_address() on alpha.
-
-Wed Dec  6 18:07:13 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* djgpp/config.sed, win32/Makefile.sub: typo.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): avoid VC4.0 warnings.
-
-Wed Dec  6 13:38:08 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_and): tuning, make hash from shorter operand.
-
-Wed Dec  6 01:28:50 2000  SHIROYAMA Takayuki  <psi@fortune.nest.or.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): __builtin_frame_address() should not be used on
-	  MacOS X.
-
-	* gc.c (Init_stack): ditto.
-
-Mon Dec  4 13:44:01 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/jcode.rb: consider multibyte. not /n.
-
-Mon Dec  4 09:49:36 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_inspect): output whole string contents. no more `...'
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dump): should propagate taintness.
-
-	* hash.c (env_inspect): hash like human readable output.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_ivar_get): prohibiting instance variable access
-	  is too much restriction.
-
-	* class.c (method_list): retrieving information should not be
-	  restricted where $SAFE=4.
-
-	* class.c (rb_obj_singleton_methods): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_priority): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_local_aref): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_obj_instance_variables): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_const_at): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_class_variables): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_exec_end_proc): end_proc should be preserved.
-
-Sat Dec  2 22:32:43 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): || should accept exactly zero argument.
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): multiple right hand side for single assignment
-	  (e.g. a = 1,2) is allowed.
-
-Wed Nov 29 07:55:29 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_long): dumping long should be smaller than 32bit max.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_long): shorter long format for small integers(-123..122).
-
-	* marshal.c (r_long): ditto.
-
-Tue Nov 28 18:10:51 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_define_method): quick hack to implement
-	  on-the-fly method definition.  experimental.
-
-Mon Nov 27 17:00:35 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should not redefine builtin classes/modules
-	  from within wrapped load.
-
-Mon Nov 27 08:57:33 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (call_end_proc): should be isolated from outer block.
-
-Mon Nov 27 00:10:08 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_ctl): call ioctl/fcntl for fptr->f2 too.
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_fork): call rb_thread_atfork() after creating
-	  child process.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_atfork): kill all other threads immediately,
-	  then turn the current thread into the main thread.
-
-Sat Nov 25 23:12:22 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): move calling point of rb_trap_exit after
-	  cleaning up threads.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_finalize): new function to call EXIT trap, END
-	  procs and GC finalizers.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_exec_end_proc): prevent recursion.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_call_finalizer_at_exit): ditto.
-
-	* signal.c (rb_trap_exit): ditto. made static.
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_fork): should swallow all exceptions from block
-	  execution.
-
-	* process.c (fork_rescue): should call ruby_finalize().
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): rb_gc() removed.  I don't remember why I put
-	  this here.  test code?
-
-Fri Nov 24 22:03:48 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (EXCL): exclusive infomation is now stored in an
-	  instance variable.  this enables proper marshal dump.
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitpid): should clear rb_last_status ($?) if
-	  no pid was given by waitpid(2).
-
-Thu Nov 23 01:35:38 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitpid2): returns nil if no pid found.
-
-Wed Nov 22 23:45:15 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_eq): new method.  Compares start and end of range
-	  respectively.
-
-Wed Nov 22 11:01:32 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_class_variables): should honor singleton
-	  class variable rule defined yesterday.
-
-Tue Nov 21 23:24:14 2000  Mitsuteru S Nakao  <nakao@kuicr.kyoto-u.ac.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flodivmod): missing second operand (typo).
-
-Tue Nov 21 03:39:41 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (marshal_load): marshal format compatibility check
-	  revised.   greater minor revision is UPWARD compatibile;
-	  downward compatibility is not assured.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): clarify class variable behavior for
-	  singleton classes.  class variables within singleton class
-	  should be treated like within singleton method.
-
-Mon Nov 20 13:45:21 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): set ruby_sourceline before evaluating
-	  exceptions.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): defer finalization in GC during compilation or
-	  interrupt prohibit section.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): mark all nodes before sweeping if GC happened
-	  during compilation.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should treat class variables specially in a
-	  method defined in the singleton class.
-
-Mon Nov 20 10:20:21 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c, win32/win32.c, ruby.h: add rb_iglob().
-
-Mon Nov 20 00:18:16 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_subseq): should return nil for outbound start
-	  index.
-
-	* marshal.c (marshal_load): show format versions explicitly when
-	  format version mismatch happens.
-
-Sun Nov 19 06:13:24 2000  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* marshal.c: use long for string/array length.
-
-	* pack.c (swaps): use bit-or(|) instead of plus(+).
-
-	* pack.c (swapl): ditto.
-
-Sat Nov 18 15:18:16 2000  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_replace): array size should be in long.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_concat): ditto.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_hash): ditto.
-
-Sat Nov 18 14:07:20 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: Socket#readline() reads until "\n", not "\r\n"
-
-Fri Nov 17 14:55:18 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_succ): output should be NUL terminated.
-
-Fri Nov 17 02:54:15 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close): need not to flush before closing.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): should preserve last thread status when
-	  THREAD_TO_KILL.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_stop): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (io_fflush): wrap fflush by TRAP_BEG, TRAP_END.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): method defined within singleton class
-	  definition should behave like singleton method about class
-	  variables.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): ditto.
-
-Thu Nov 16 23:06:07 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: can call {old,new}_implementation any times.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP#connecting, receive ->
-	  common_oper, connecting.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: output warning if u_header includes
-	  duplicated header.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: not check Connection:/Proxy-Connection;
-	  always read until eof.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: detects and catches "break" from block.
-
-Thu Nov 16 16:32:45 2000  Masahiro Tanaka  <masa@stars.gsfc.nasa.gov>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): should have incremented ny first.
-
-Thu Nov 16 14:58:00 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_new): duplicates file descriptor 
-	  with myfddup() on mswin32/mingw32.
-
-	* win32/win32.h: uses system original fdopen().
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myfddup): newly added instead of myfdopen().
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mybind, myconnect, mygetsockname, mygetsockopt, 
-	  mylisten, mysetsockopt): now accept file descriptor only, not 
-	  SOCKET.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myaccept, mysocket): return file descriptor, 
-	  instead of SOCKET.
-
-Thu Nov 16 10:23:24 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (massign): too strict check for nameless rest argument.
-
-	* eval.c (method_arity): mere * should return -1.
-
-	* eval.c (intersect_fds): should check all FDs in the fd_set.
-
-Wed Nov 15 19:33:20 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_attr): should clear method cache before calling hook.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_modfunc): ditto.
-
-Mon Nov 13 22:44:52 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (rb_bug): print version to stderr.
-
-Mon Nov 13 19:02:08 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c, io.c, process.c: the exit status of program must be
-	  multiplied 256 on mswin32 and msdosdjgpp(system(), ``).
-
-Sat Nov 11 22:57:38 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): uniformed treatment of -a**b, where a is a
-	  number literal;  hacky but behavior appears more consistent.
-
-	* parse.y (newline_node): reduce newline node (one per line).
-
-	* random.c (rb_f_srand): should be prohibited in safe level
-	  greater than 4.
-
-Sat Nov 11 22:37:36 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* rubysig.h: do not use rb_trap_immediate on win32.
-
-	* rubysig.h: new macros, ATOMIC_TEST, ATOMIC_SET, ATOMIC_INC,
-	  ATOMIC_DEC, RUBY_CRITICAL and new definition of TRAP_BEG,
-	  TRAP_END.
-
-	* gc.c (ruby_xmalloc): should wrap malloc() by RUBY_CRITICAL.
-
-	* signal.c (sighandle): better win32 sig handling.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (flock): better implementation.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myselect): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myaccept): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (waitpid): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myrename): ditto.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (wait_events): support function for win32 signal
-	  handling.
-
-Sat Nov 11 08:34:18 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.31.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: initializes header in HTTP, not HTTPCommand.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, http.rb: rewrites proxy code.
-
-Fri Nov 10 16:15:53 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (rb_num2long): use to_int, not to_i.
-
-	* error.c: T_SYMBOL was misplaced by T_UNDEF.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): eval("^") caused infinite loop.
-
-Thu Nov  9 14:22:13 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_taint_check): should check IO taintness; no
-	  operation for untainted IO should be allowed in the sandbox.
-
-	* rubyio.h (GetOpenFile): check IO taintness inside using
-	  rb_io_taint_check().
-
-Wed Nov  8 03:08:53 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (io_fflush): ensure fflush(3) would not block by calling
-	  rb_thread_fd_writable(). 
-
-Tue Nov  7 20:29:56 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.30.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb: Command#critical_ok -> error_ok
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: reads header when also "100 Continue".
-
-Tue Nov  7 04:32:19 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): use bit shift to make y's MSB set.
-
-Mon Nov  6  1:22:49 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (warn_print): do not use err_append(), to ensure output
-	  to stderr.
-
-	* error.c (rb_warn): use warn_print() instead of err_print().
-
-	* error.c (rb_warning): ditto.
-
-	* error.c (rb_bug): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): re-raise exceptions during load.
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): remove useless adjust
-
-Thu Nov  2 18:01:16 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* random.c (rb_f_rand): half-baked float support fixed.  This fix
-	  was originally proposed by K.Kosako <kosako@sofnec.co.jp>.
-
-Tue Oct 31 17:27:17 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c: change digit size to `long|int' if long long is
-	  available.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): support `long|int' digits.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): ditto.
-
-Sat Oct 28 23:54:22 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): allow =end at the end of file (without a
-	  newline at the end).
-
-Fri Oct 27 10:00:27 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): should ignore trailing white spaces.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_str2inum): string may not have sentinel NUL.
-
-Fri Oct 27 02:37:22 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): wrongly assigned base to c before
-	  badcheck check.
-
-Thu Oct 26 02:42:50 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: Command#critical_ok
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: clear critical flag before go to SMTP
-
-Wed Oct 25 12:30:19 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_concat): replacing array might be the receiver
-	  itself.  do not call rb_ary_push_m.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_replace): replacing array might be the receiver
-	  itself.  use memmove.
-
-Fri Oct 20 07:56:23 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ARGSPUSH should not modify args array.
-
-Thu Oct 19 14:58:17 2000  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* pack.c (NUM2U32): should use NUM2ULONG().
-
-Tue Oct 17 17:30:34 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (error_print): ruby_sourcefile may be NULL.
-
-Tue Oct 17 16:36:28 2000  Wes Nakamura  <wknaka@pobox.com>
-
-	* pack.c (NATINT_U32): wrong use of sizeof.
-
-Tue Oct 17 12:48:20 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_abort): nil check against ruby_errinfo.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): use FOREACH_THREAD_FROM instead of
-	  FOREACH_THREAD, since curr_thread may be removed from thread ring.
-
-	* eval.c (THREAD_ALLOC): errinfo should be Qnil.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_callcc): th->prev,th->next are now already
-	  initialized in THREAD_ALLOC.
-
-Mon Oct 16 15:37:33 2000  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_inspect): tag size was shorter than required.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_inspect): ditto.
-
-Mon Oct 16 14:25:18 2000  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (sym_inspect): used `name' before initialization.
-
-Mon Oct 16 14:06:00 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): use NATINT_U32 for 'l', 'L', and 'N'.
-
-	* pack.c (I32,U32): 32 bit sized integer.
-
-	* pack.c (OFF16,OFF32B): big endian offset for network byteorder.
-
-Mon Oct 16 06:39:32 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: hex-alpha is not [a-h] but [a-f].
-
-Mon Oct 16 01:02:02 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start_0): should not abort on exception if
-	  $SAFE >= 4.
-
-	* parse.y (sym): symbols for class variable names.
-
-Sun Oct 15 01:49:18 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_flock): should accept interrupt.
-
-	* process.c (rb_waitpid): ditto.
-
-	* process.c (rb_waitpid): ditto.
-
-	* process.c (proc_wait): ditto.
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitpid2): wrong recursion.
-
-Sat Oct 14 03:32:13 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_alloc): should not link a new thread in the
-	  live thread ring before initialization.
-
-Fri Oct 13 17:08:09 2000  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: new file.
-
-Thu Oct 12 18:56:28 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: POP3#reset
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: a code for "Switch Protocol" was wrongly 100.
-
-Thu Oct 12 01:23:38 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: bug fix: CGI::html(): PRETTY option didn't work.
-
-Thu Oct 12 00:03:02 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (sym_inspect): should adjust string length.
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_to_s): ditto.
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_inspect): ditto.
-
-Wed Oct 11 22:15:47 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_inspect): should adjust string length.
-
-	* object.c (rb_any_to_s): ditto.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_inspect): ditto.
-
-Wed Oct 11 18:13:50 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start_0): should check insecure exit.
-
-Wed Oct 11 14:29:51 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: 2nd arg for ProtocolError#initialize is
-	  optional.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: code refining.
-
-Wed Oct 11 11:13:03 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (primary): setter method (e.g. foo=) should always be
-	  public.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_raise): should not raise SecurityError if
-	  exception raised by the interpreter.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_cleanup): skip all THREAD_KILLED threads
-	  before FOREACH_THREAD.
-
-Tue Oct 10 16:11:54 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): remove unused code for Cygwin.
-
-Tue Oct 10 09:49:23 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (Init_File): FileTest.size should return 0 (not nil) for
-	  empty files.
-
-Sun Oct  8 13:20:26 2000  Guy Decoux  <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
-
-	* eval.c (POP_SCOPE): not just set SCOPE_DONT_RECYCLE, but do
-	  scope_dup().
-
-Sat Oct  7 15:10:50 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_reverse_bang): unnecessary ALLOCA_N() was
-	  removed.
-
-Fri Oct  6 14:50:24 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: remove "DESTDIR =".
-
-	* Makefile.in, win32/Makefile.sub, ruby.1: renamed -X to -C.
-
-Fri Oct  6 12:50:52 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_plus): use to_ary(), not Check_Type().
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_concat): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): use __builtin_frame_address() for gcc.
-
-	* eval.c (stack_length): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (assign_in_cond): stop warning till some better warning
-	  condition will be found.
-
-Thu Oct  5 18:02:39 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dup): should have propagated taint flag.
-	  (ruby-bugs:#PR64,65)
-
-Wed Oct  4 00:26:11 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_arity): proc{|a|}'s arity should be -1.
-
-Mon Oct  2 05:28:58 2000  akira yamada  <akira@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (trnext): minus at the end of pattern.
-
-Sun Oct  1 00:43:34 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: exp-name was wrong on cygwin and mingw32.
-
-Thu Sep 28 14:57:09 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): should try must_string calculation
-	  every time.
-
-Tue Sep 19 23:47:44 2000  SHIROYAMA Takayuki  <psi@fortune.nest.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in, config.guess, config.sub: MacOS X support.
-
-Wed Sep 27 18:40:05 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* stable version 1.6.1 released.
-
-Wed Sep 27 16:13:05 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: variables should be expanded only if /\$\{?\w+\}?/.
-
-Tue Sep 26 18:09:51 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c: include <math.h>
-
-Tue Sep 26 15:59:50 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_dup): metaclasses of class/module should not be
-	  cleared by rb_obj_dup.
-
-Tue Sep 26 02:44:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (GC_MALLOC_LIMIT): size extended.
-
-	* regex.c (DOUBLE_STACK): use machine's stack region for regex
-	  stack if its size is small enough.
-
-Mon Sep 25 18:13:07 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c: include <defines.h>.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_add_method): cache mismatch by method
-	  definition. need to clear_cache_by_id every time.
-
-Mon Sep 25 13:31:45 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (NtCmdGlob): substitute '\\' with '/'.
-
-Mon Sep 25 00:35:01 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* defines.h: #undef HAVE_SETITIMER on cygwin.
-
-Sun Sep 24 03:01:53 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, http.rb: typo.
-
-Sat Sep 23 07:33:20 2000  Aleksi Niemela  <aleksi.niemela@cinnober.com>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): nicer regexp error messages for
-	  invalid patterns.
-
-Sat Sep 23 03:06:25 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_autoload_load): should not require already
-	  provided features. 
-
-Fri Sep 22 15:46:21 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: too early parameter expansion in string.
-
-Fri Sep 22 13:58:51 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: don't use default $:
-
-Fri Sep 22 13:42:50 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (PUSH_FAILURE_COUNT): avoid casting warning on alpha.
-
-	* regex.c (PUSH_FAILURE_POINT): ditto.
-
-Fri Sep 22 10:16:21 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* win32/config.h.in: add HAVE_TELLDIR, HAVE_SEEKDIR
-
-Thu Sep 21 19:04:34 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb, lib/mkmf.rb (install_rb): check whether libdir is
-	  directory or not.
-
-Thu Sep 21 17:23:05 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_symlink): use HAVE_SYMLINK.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_readlink): use HAVE_READLINK.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_tell): use HAVE_TELLDIR.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_seek): use HAVE_SEEKDIR.
-
-	* configure.in (AC_CHECK_FUNCS): lstat, symlink, readlink,
-	  telldir, seekdir checks added.
-
-	* file.c (lstat): should use stat(2) if lstat(2) is not
-	  available.
-
-Thu Sep 21 15:59:23 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.29.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTPReadAdapter -> HTTPResponseReceiver
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (connecting): response is got in receive()
-
-Thu Sep 21 15:49:07 2000  Wayne Scott  <wscott@ichips.intel.com>
-
-	* lib/find.rb (find): should not follow symbolic links;
-	  tuned performance too.
-
-Wed Sep 20 23:21:38 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): two Ctrl-D was required to stop ruby at the
-	  beginning of stdin script read.
-
-Wed Sep 20 14:01:45 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_provided): detect infinite load loop.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_provided): too weak filename comparison.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_alloc): avoid recycling still referenced
-	  dvar structures. 
-
-	* eval.c (rb_callcc): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (THREAD_ALLOC): fiil dyna_vars field by ruby_dyna_vars.
-
-Tue Sep 19 17:47:03 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* stable version 1.6.0 released.
-
-Tue Sep 19 16:24:52 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (Init_marshal): provide marshal.so no more.
-
-Tue Sep 19 14:01:01 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in, win32/setup.mak: include version number
-	  in RUBY_SO_NAME.
-
-Tue Sep 19 13:07:47 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): was confusing $~ and $_.
-
-Tue Sep 19 13:06:53 2000  GOTOU YUUZOU  <gotoyuzo@notwork.org>
-
-	* signal.c (rb_f_kill): signum may be a negative number, should be
-	  treated by signed number.
-
-Tue Sep 19 01:14:56 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_provide): better feature handling.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): loading ruby library may be partial
-	  state.  checks in rb_thread_loading is integrated.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_provided): better thread awareness.
-
-	* lib/irb/frame.rb: 6 (not 5) parameters for trace_func proc.
-
-	* eval.c (error_print): should print error position even if
-	  get_backtrace() failed.
-
-Sat Sep 16 03:29:59 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): rb_provided() was called too early; does
-	  not work well with threads.
-
-	* parse.y (ensure): should distinguish empty ensure and non
-	  existing ensure.
-
-	* file.c (Init_File): extending File by class of FileTest was
-	  serious mistake.
-
-Thu Sep 14 02:46:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_yield): array strip should be done in this
-	  function. 
-
-Wed Sep 13 17:01:03 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_eq): incomplete value comparison of bignums.
-
-Wed Sep 13 06:39:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_class_variables): Module#class_variables added.
-
-Wed Sep 13 06:09:26 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: bug fix: CGI::header(): output status header.
-
-Wed Sep 13 01:09:12 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): allow global variables like '$__a'.
-
-Tue Sep 12 22:28:43 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: avoid using terrible <netinet/tcp.h>
-	  on cygwin 1.1.5.
-
-Tue Sep 12 16:01:58 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_unshift_m): typo.
-
-Tue Sep 12 15:37:55 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): stripped array too much, should remove just
-	  for proc_call().
-
-Tue Sep 12 07:05:24 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: version 2.0.0: require ruby1.5.4 or later.
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: version 1.6.0
-
-Tue Sep 12 03:26:07 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (massign): use to_ary to get an array if available.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Array): ditto.
-
-Mon Sep 11 14:24:47 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (ruby_setenv): should not free the element of
-	  origenvironment.
-
-	* parse.y (command_call): kYIELD moved to this rule to allow
-	  'a = yield b'. (ruby-bugs-ja:#PR15) 
-
-Mon Sep 11 01:27:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): proc#call([]) should pass single value to
-	  the block.
-
-	* eval.c (callargs): reduce array allocation.
-
-	* eval.c (massign): precise check for argument number.
-
-Fri Sep  8 10:05:17 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (STR_NO_ORIG): should be FL_USER2.
-
-Thu Sep  7 14:17:51 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_cat): should work even for concatenating same
-	  string.
-
-Wed Sep  6 17:06:38 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_declare): should check superclass's class
-	  variable first.
-
-Wed Sep  6 10:42:02 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-calculate-indent): shift continuing line
-	  if previous line ends with modifier keyword.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-region): should not give up if
-	  modifiers are at the end of line.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-expr-beg): indented wrongly if modified
-	  statement was size 1.
-
-Wed Sep  6 10:41:19 2000  Kenichi Komiya  <kom@mail1.accsnet.ne.jp>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-region): modifier was not handled
-	  well on emacs19.
-
-Tue Sep  5 17:10:12 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_to_s): fixed zone string UTC for utc time object.
-
-Tue Sep  5 00:26:06 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): range worked wrongly on bm_search().
-
-Mon Sep  4 13:40:40 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: renamed libruby.a to libruby.{cygwin,mingw32}.a
-	  on cygwin and mingw32.
-
-Sun Sep  3 23:44:04 2000  Noriaki Harada  <tenmei@maoh.office.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (NO_SAFE_RENAME): for BeOS too.
-
-Sun Sep  3 11:31:53 2000  Takaaki Tateishi  <ttate@jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (rescue): no assignment was done if rescue body was
-	  empty.
-
-Sat Sep  2 10:52:21 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (call_args,aref_args): block_call can be the last
-	  argument.
-
-	* parse.y (COND_PUSH,COND_POP): maintain condition stack to allow
-	  kDO2 in parentheses in while/until/for conditions.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): generate kDO2 for EXPR_ARG outside of
-	  while/until/for condition.
-
-Fri Sep  1 10:36:29 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (aref_args,opt_call_args): add block_call to allow a
-	  method without parentheses and with block as a last argument.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_sort): should not return nil.
-
-	* re.c (match_aref): should use rb_reg_nth_match().
-
-	* eval.c (POP_SCOPE): recycled scopes too much
-
-	* eval.c (Init_eval): extend room for stack allowance.
-
-	* eval.c (POP_SCOPE): frees scope too much.
-
-Thu Aug 31 14:28:39 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): T_SCOPE condition must be more precise.
-
-	* eval.c (scope_dup): should not make all duped scope orphan.
-
-Thu Aug 31 10:11:47 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): allow stmt_rhs to be right hand side of multiple
-	  assignment.
-
-	* time.c (rb_time_timeval): type error should not mention the word
-	  'interval'.
-
-Wed Aug 30 23:21:20 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (rb_num2long): use rb_Integer() instead of independent
-	  convert routine.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_rescue2): now takes arbitrary number of exception types.
-
-	* object.c (rb_convert_type): use rb_rescue2 now to handle NameError.
-
-	* object.c (rb_convert_type): better error message.
-
-Wed Aug 30 17:09:14 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_initialize): AlphaNT support.
-
-Wed Aug 30 14:19:07 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (node_assign): should support NODE_CVASGN2 too.
-
-Wed Aug 30 11:31:47 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_initialize): add the
-	  arguments checking.
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_initialize): add taint
-	  checking. allow String object in the third argument.
-
-Wed Aug 30 10:29:40 2000  Masahiro Tomita  <tommy@tmtm.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_p): flush output buffer.
-
-Tue Aug 29 16:29:15 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): remove NODE_CVASGN3.
-
-	* parse.y (gettable): remove NODE_CVAR3.
-
-Tue Aug 29 02:02:14 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): handles create_makefile("a/b").
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (create_makefile): ditto
-
-Mon Aug 28 18:43:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): now handles class variables.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): class variable behavior revisited.
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (gettable): ditto.
-
-	* regex.c (PUSH_FAILURE_COUNT): push/pop interval count on failure
-	  stack.  this fix is inspired by the Emacs21 patch from Stefan
-	  Monnier <monnier@cs.yale.edu>.
-
-Fri Aug 25 15:24:39 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_get): should not follow __attached__.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_set): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_declare): ditto.
-
-	* variable.c (mod_av_set): second class variable assignment at the
-	  toplevel should not give warning.
-
-Fri Aug 25 01:18:36 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (next_argv): prepare path for open file.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_setter): moved from io.c.
-
-	* io.c (next_argv): filename should be "-" for refreshed ARGF.
-
-Thu Aug 24 15:27:39 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socketport.h: use `extern int h_errno' if needed.
-
-Sat Aug 19 01:34:02 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/sdbm/_sdbm.c (sdbm_prep): flags should be or-ed by O_BINARY on
-	  Win32 too.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/_sdbm.c (makroom): fill hole with 0 on Win32 too.
-
-Fri Aug 18 13:23:59 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should preserve and clear $! value before
-	  compilation. 
-
-	* eval.c (eval): ditto.
-
-Fri Aug 18 11:06:19 2000  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_accept): start GC on EMFILE/ENFILE.
-
-Thu Aug 17 16:04:48 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): should clear ruby_errinfo.
-
-Thu Aug 17 04:26:31 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.27.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: writing methods returns written byte size.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: send_mail accepts many destinations.
-
-Wed Aug 16 00:43:47 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_s_times): use CLK_TCK for HZ if it's defined.
-
-Tue Aug 15 17:30:59 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (frame_dup): should set flag FRAME_MALLOC after
-	  argv allocation.
-
-	* eval.c (blk_free): should not free argv if GC was called before
-	  frame_dup.
-
-Tue Aug 15 16:08:40 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: add ac_cv_func_times=yes for mingw32.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mytimes): typo.
-
-Tue Aug 15 01:45:28 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (argf_eof): should return true at the end of ARGF without
-	  checking stdout if arguments are given.
-
-Mon Aug 14 10:34:32 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_status): status should return false for normal
-	  termination, nil for termination by exception.
-
-Fri Aug 11 15:43:46 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_undef): give warning for undefining __id__, __send__.
-
-Thu Aug 10 08:05:03 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_callcc): returned current thread instead of
-	  continuation wrongly.
-
-Thu Aug 10 05:40:28 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: $CPPFLAGS should be initialized.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/depend: add stubs.o.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/extconf.rb: use $CPPFLAGS instead of $CFLAGS.
-
-Wed Aug  9 16:31:48 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_callcc): thread status for continuations must be
-	  THREAD_KILLED, otherwise thread_free() breaks other threads.
-
-Wed Aug  9 13:24:25 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.[ch]: emulate rename(2).
-
-Tue Aug  8 14:01:46 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c: support --enable-tcltk_stubs
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/extconf.rb: ditto.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/stubs.c: created. examine candidate shared libraries.
-
-Mon Aug  7 13:59:12 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.h (CLONESETUP): should copy flags before any potential
-	  object allocation.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): check for stack depth was needed.
-
-Sat Aug  5 16:43:43 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* djgpp/*: convert DOS line endings to UNIX style.
-
-	* djgpp/config.status: rename to config.sed for SFN.
-
-	* lib/ftools.rb (compare, safe_unlink, chmod): avoid warnings.
-
-	* lib/ftools.rb (move): typo. not `tpath', but `to'.
-
-Fri Aug  4 23:26:48 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (proc_call): gives warning if a block is supplied.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): no warning for discarding if an alias for the
-	  method is already made.
-
-Fri Aug  4 16:32:29 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_reject_bang): returns nil if no element removed.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_reject_bang): returns nil if no element removed.
-
-Thu Aug  3 19:44:26 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_fd_writable): should return integer value.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_assoc): search array element whose length is
-	  longer than 0 (not 1).
-
-Wed Aug  2 18:27:47 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_wait_fd): prohibit thread context switch
-	  during compilation.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_cont_call): prohibit Continuation#call across threads.
-
-Wed Aug  2 08:22:04 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): clear malloc_memories to zero, to avoid potential
-	  super frequent GC invocation. (ruby-bugs:#PR48)
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): only add_heap() if GC trigger condition is
-	  satisfied.
-
-Tue Aug  1 16:41:58 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): global load path setting moved from
-	  ruby_prog_init().
-
-	* ruby.c (incpush): renamed.  push path entry at the END of the
-	  load path array.  This makes -I directories sorted in order in
-	  the arguments.
-
-Sat Jul 29 23:42:04 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_each): should check whether dir is closed during the
-	  block execution. (ruby-bugs:#PR47)
-
-Sat Jul 29 21:57:30 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (rubylib_mangle): provide another buffer for the result.
-
-Wed Jul 26 10:09:01 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: set SOLIBS to LIBS on Cygwin.
-
-	* configure.in: LIBRUBY_SO='$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)'.$target_os.dll
-	  on cygwin and mingw32. ruby-cygwin.dll is bad. why?
-
-Wed Jul 26 10:04:03 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): avoid full scan during compilation.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): add heap during no gc period (including
-	  compilation).
-
-Tue Jul 25 19:03:04 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile: use puts instead of print, because
-	  Cygwin DLL's behavior is changed(or bug?).
-
-	* configure.in: LIBRUBY_SO='$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)'-$target_os.dll
-	  on cygwin and mingw32.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile: ditto.
-
-	* Makefile.in: $(SOLIBS) should be put after dmyext.@OBJEXT@.
-
-	* instruby.rb: install $(LIBRUBY) to libdir
-	  if $(LIBRUBY) != $(LIBRUBY_A_).
-
-Tue Jul 25 15:16:00 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_p): redirect to $defout.
-
-Mon Jul 24 18:52:55 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (win32_getenv): should remove `static'.
-
-	* ruby.c (rubylib_mangle): support "/hoge;/foo"
-
-Mon Jul 24 10:28:55 2000  GOTO Kentaro  <gotoken@math.sci.hokudai.ac.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_count): raise exception if no argument is
-	  given.
-
-Sun Jul 23 12:55:04 2000  Dave Thomas  <Dave@Thomases.com>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rindex): Support negative end position.
-
-Fri Jul 21 17:35:01 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (aref_args): command_call now be permitted as
-	  aref_args.
-
-	* process.c (proc_getpriority): getpriority(2) may return valid
-	  negative number.  use errno to detect error.
-
-	* marshal.c (dump_ensure): dumped string should be tainted if
-	  any among target objects is tainted.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_regist): restored object should be tainted if and
-	  only if the source is a file or a tainted string.
-
-Wed Jul 19 15:14:04 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): should use rb_int2big(), not rb_uint2big().
-
-Tue Jul 18 14:58:30 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_options): should treat SystemExit etc. properly.
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): should check compile_for_eval, not
-	  ruby_in_eval.
-
-Mon Jul 17 04:29:50 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: converts extension of $objs into $OBJEXT.
-
-Sun Jul 16 03:02:34 2000  Dave Thomas <dave@thomases.com>
-
-	* lib/weakref.rb: Change to use new ObjectSpace calls.
-
-Sat Jul 15 21:59:58 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should not redefine __id__ nor __send__.
-
-	* gc.c (define_final): integrate final.rb features into the
-	  interpreter.  define_finalizer and undefine_finalizer was
-	  added to ObjectSpace.  plus, add_finalizer, remove_finalizer,
-	  and call_finalizer are deprecated now.
-
-Sat Jul 15 01:32:34 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_method): implements unbound method.
-
-	* eval.c (Init_eval): should prohibit `module_function' for class
-	  Class.
-
-Fri Jul 14 17:19:59 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in: use miniruby instead of sed.
-
-Fri Jul 14 12:49:50 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (argf_eof): need to check stdin, when next_p == -1.
-
-	* io.c (read_all): use io_fread() instead of fread(3).
-
-	* io.c (io_reopen): should clearerr FILE if fd < 3.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_match_m): the result is exported, so it should be
-	  declared as busy.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should preserve errinfo even if return, break,
-	  etc. is called in rescue clause.
-
-	* instruby.rb: install irb too.
-
-Wed Jul 12 15:32:57 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_get): constants for builtin classes must
-	  have higher priority than constants from included modules at
-	  Object class.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): small embarrassing typo.
-
-Wed Jul 12 15:06:28 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): use rb_const_get_at().
-
-	* variable.c (top_const_get): retrieve toplevel constants only,
-	  not ones of Object (and its included modules) in general.
-
-Wed Jul 12 15:04:11 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.26.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb:
-	  add module Net::NetPrivate and its inner classes
-	  {Read,Write}Adapter, Command, Socket,
-	  SMTPCommand, POP3Command, APOPCommand, HTTPCommand
-
-Wed Jul 12 13:10:30 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): defer bignorm().
-
-	* bignum.c (bignorm): accepts accidental fixnums.
-
-Tue Jul 11 16:54:17 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): `@<digit>' is no longer a valid instance
-	  variable name.
-
-Tue Jul 11 01:51:50 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_divmod): should not use Integer(float) for
-	  the right operand.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_remainder): ditto.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_modulo): ditto.
-
-Mon Jul 10 15:27:16 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* io.c (pipe_finalize): should set rb_last_status when pclose().
-
-Mon Jul 10 09:07:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* error.c (rb_bug): print version number and such too.
-
-Sat Jul  8 23:08:40 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start_0): should copy previous scopes to
-	  prevent rb_gc_force_recycle().
-
-Fri Jul  7 23:36:36 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/addrinfo.h: move IN_EXPERIMENTAL and IN_LOOPBACKNET
-	  definitions to ext/socket/sockport.h.
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: add getservbyport() and arpa/inet.h check.
-
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c (getaddrinfo): SOCK_RAW may not be
-	  defined (ex. BeOS, Palm OS 2.x or before).
-
-	* ext/socket/getnameinfo.c (getnameinfo): getservbyport() may not
-	  exist (ex. BeOS, Palm OS).
-
-	* ext/socket/sockport.h: add IN_EXPERIMENTAL, IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT,
-	  IN_LOOPBACKNET, AF_UNSPEC, PF_UNSPEC and PF_INET.
-
-Fri Jul  7 03:30:00 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (aref_args): should allow Hash[:a=>2] etc.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_aref): convert index by NUM2INT, not FIX2INT. 
-	  (ruby-bugs:#PR37)
-
-	* time.c (time_localtime): should prohibit for frozen time.
-
-	* time.c (time_gmtime): ditto.
-
-Thu Jul  6 19:12:12 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_file_s_open): should not terminate fptr; just clear it.
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): should not call require_libraries()
-	  twice.
-
-	* ruby.c (require_libraries): clear req_list_head.next after
-	  execution. 
-
-Thu Jul  6 13:51:57 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_to_id): name may not be symbol nor fixnum.
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_s_def): name may be nil.
-
-Thu Jul  6 02:09:06 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivrem): new function to return remainder.
-
-	* numeric.c (fixdivmod): now returns modulo, not remainder.
-
-	* numeric.c (flodivmod): ditto.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivmod): ditto.
-
-	* numeric.c (num_modulo): new method; alias to '%'.
-
-Thu Jul  6 00:51:43 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (NtCmdGlob): patterns should be separated and
-	  NUL terminated.
-
-Wed Jul  5 22:27:56 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile: use ruby.def to make rubycw.dll.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: create target.def.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-Wed Jul  5 09:47:14 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_arg): Time::local, Time::gm now take 7th optional
-	  argument for usec.
-
-	* numeric.c (num_ceil, etc): default ceil, floor, round, truncate
-	  implementation for Numeric, using `to_f'.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): clear fptr->path after free() to prevent
-	  potential GC crash.
-
-	* io.c (rb_file_s_open): terminate fptr unless null.
-
-	* io.c (rb_file_initialize): ditto.
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: specify FILE::CREAT|File::EXCL to open for
-	  better security.
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_truncate): new method.
-
-Wed Jul  5 01:02:53 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: join ' ' -> join(' ').
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-Tue Jul  4 13:51:29 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c: add methods added to Hash in 1.5.x.
-
-	* ext/gdbm/gdbm.c: ditto.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/init.c: ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_call): args may be Qundef (means no argument), do
-	  not call TYPE() for args.
-
-Tue Jul  4 13:20:56 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: make command line must be single-quoted.
-	  $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME) is command substitution in the POSIX sh.
-
-Tue Jul  4 13:16:02 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* util.c (rb_type): should add T_UNDEF.
-
-Tue Jul  4 09:30:35 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): supports EOF right after terminator.
-
-	* random.c (rb_f_rand): argument is now optional (rand(max=0)). 
-
-Tue Jul  4 01:50:49 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* win32/ruby.def: remove ruby_mktemp.
-
-Tue Jul  4 01:27:13 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_rescue2): new function to rescue arbitrary exception.
-
-	* numeric.c (do_coerce): should catch NameError explicitly.
-
-Tue Jul  4 00:15:23 2000  Dave Thomas  <Dave@thomases.com>
-
-	* numeric.c (Init_Numeric): forgot to register Numeric#remainder.
-
-Mon Jul  3 23:46:56 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myselect, myaccept): disable interrupt while
-	  executing accept() or select() to avoid Ctrl-C causes
-	  "unknown software exception (0xc0000029)".
-
-Mon Jul  3 18:35:41 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: use null device if it exists for cross-compiling.
-
-Mon Jul  3 18:19:51 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.26.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb (finish): do nothing unless active.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP#{get,post}2 again (for new impl).
-
-Mon Jul  3 16:47:22 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile: librubys.a -> lib$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)s.a
-
-	* configure.in: use AC_CANONICAL_{HOST,TARGET,BUILD}.
-
-Mon Jul  3 13:15:02 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_divmod): x * d + m = y where d, m = x.divmod(y).
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_divmod): ditto.
-
-	* numeric.c (fixdivmod): does not depend C's undefined %
-	  behavior.  adopt to fmod(3m) behavior.
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_mod): modulo now reserves fmod(3m) behavior.
-
-	* numeric.c (num_remainder): 'deprecated' warning.
-
-Mon Jul  3 10:27:28 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: use AC_CANONICAL_SYSTEM.
-
-Sun Jul  2 21:17:37 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: support without --enable-shared for cygwin/mingw32.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile: ditto.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: use null device if it exists for cross-compiling.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-	* util.c (ruby_mktemp): remove unused ruby_mktemp().
-
-Sun Jul  2 14:18:04 2000  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (TMP_PROTECT_END): tmp__protect_tmp may be NULL.
-
-Sun Jul  2 03:37:50 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.25.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb (each_crlf_line): beg = 0 is needed in adding{}
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: allow String for to_addr of SMTP#sendmail
-
-Sat Jul  1 15:22:35 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_rshift): should handle shift value more than
-	  sizeof(long). 
-
-Sat Jul  1 15:22:35 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): the value from RTEST() is not valid Ruby
-	  object.  result should be either true or false.
-
-Sat Jul  1 09:30:06 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_initialize): was freeing invalid pointer.
-
-Sat Jul  1 03:25:56 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (call_args): command_call can be the last argument of
-	  call_args.  It had to be the only argument.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_quote): should not dump core even for unsane mbc
-	  string.
-
-Fri Jun 30 01:36:20 2000  Aleksi Niemela  <aleksi.niemela@cinnober.com>
-
-	* parse.y (f_norm_arg): better, nicer error message.
-
-Thu Jun 29 07:45:33 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (udp_send): destination may be packed
-	  struct sockaddr.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Integer): Integer(nil) should be invalid, on the
-	  other hand, nil.to_i is OK.
-
-Wed Jun 28 17:26:06 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ip_recvfrom): udp_recvfrom and tcp_recvfrom
-	  is merged and moved to IPSocket#recvfrom.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_getaddrinfo): family can be a
-	  strings such as "AF_INET" etc.
-
-	* ruby.c (require_libraries): . and RUBYLIB added to $load_path
-	  just before -r procedure.
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): -e, - did not exec -r.
-
-Wed Jun 28 14:52:28 2000  Koga Youichirou <y-koga@mms.mt.nec.co.jp>
-
-	* config.sub: NetBSD/hpcmips support.
-
-Wed Jun 28 10:11:06 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c: gc trigger threshold changed; GC_NEWOBJ_LIMIT removed,
-	  FREE_MIN is increased to 4096.
-
-Tue Jun 27 22:39:28 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.24.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: modified each_crlf_line again.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: do_write_beg,do_write_end -> writing{}
-	  do_write_do -> do_write
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: can make proxy connection by passing
-	  addresses to HTTP.new, start.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP.new_implementation, old_implementation:
-	  can use 1.2 implementation of head, get, post, put.
-	  (see document)
-
-Tue Jun 27 12:05:10 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32.c (myfdclr): new function.
-
-	* win32.h: add FD_CLR.
-
-Mon Jun 26 23:41:41 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h: add cast for ANSI style.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_data_object_alloc): use RUBY_DATA_FUNC.
-
-Mon Jun 26 22:20:03 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (is_socket, extract_file_fd): New function.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myfdopen): use is_socket().
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myselect): return non socket files immediately
-	  if file and socket handles are mixed.
-
-Mon Jun 26 16:21:30 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): wait_for cleared too early.
-
-Mon Jun 26 09:15:31 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c: remove obsolete 'F', 'D' specifiers.
-
-Sun Jun 25 00:55:03 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_getnameinfo): `res' would not
-	  be assigned if TYPE(sa) == T_STRING.
-
-Sat Jun 24 14:36:29 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* config*.dj, configure.bat, top.sed: move to djgpp/.
-
-Sat Jun 24 02:34:17 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): call require_libraries() here to let
-	  debug.rb work properly.
-
-Fri Jun 23 22:34:51 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_lshift): reorder xds assignment to avoid
-	  reusing `x' as `len' by VC++ 6.0 SP3 compiler with -Ox switch.
-
-Fri Jun 23 01:11:27 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_substr): should return empty string (""), 
-	  if beg == str.size and len == zero, mostly for convenience and
-	  backward compatibility.
-
-	* parse.y (new_super): should tweak block_pass node for super too.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_m): last split element should not be nil,
-	  but "" when limit is specified.
-
-Thu Jun 22 17:27:46 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_substr): str[n,m] now returns nil when n equals
-	  to str.size.
-
-Thu Jun 22 13:49:02 2000  Uechi Yasumasa <uechi@ryucom.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb: support resuming.
-
-Thu Jun 22 13:37:19 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_sleep_forever): merge pause() macro.
-
-Wed Jun 21 08:49:04 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should not raise exception just by defining
-	  singleton class.
-
-Wed Jun 21 01:18:03 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h: two macros RUBY_DATA_FUNC and RUBY_METHOD_FUNC are added
-	  to make writing C++ extensions easier.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_dup): internal classes should not be shared by dup.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_dup): ditto.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dup): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dup): ditto.
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): renamed NotImplementError to
-	  NotImplementedError. 
-
-Tue Jun 20 16:22:38 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): bug in DST boundary.
-
-Tue Jun 20 10:54:19 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: add eval sitedir.
-
-Tue Jun 20 06:14:43 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: change: version syntax. old: x.yz, now: x.y.z
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: ditto.
-
-Tue Jun 20 00:37:45 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_kcode_m): Regexp#kcode returns nil for code unfixed
-	  regexp object.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivmod): bignum zero check was wrong.
-
-Mon Jun 19 10:48:28 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_cvar_set): forgot to add security check for class
-	  variable assignment.
-
-Sun Jun 18 22:49:13 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: single quoted sitedir.
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: add DESTDIR for cross-compiling.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: add DESTDIR.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): force binmode if fname includes ".exe"
-	  on DOSISH.
-
-Sat Jun 17 23:22:17 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): should ignore negative precision given
-	  by <%.*>.
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): should allow zero precision.
-
-Sat Jun 17 03:13:29 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_localtime): avoid unnecessary call of localtime.
-
-	* time.c (time_gmtime): avoid unnecessary call of gmtime.
-
-	* process.c (proc_wait2): new method.
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitpid): second argument made optional.
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitpid2): new method.
-
-Sat Jun 17 00:05:00 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_clone): should initialize member fields.
-
-Fri Jun 16 22:49:34 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_rewind): set lineno to zero.
-
-Fri Jun 16 22:47:47 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.23.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: too many CRLF in last line.
-
-Fri Jun 16 21:23:59 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: add pause(2) checking.
-
-	* eval.c: define pause() if missing.
-
-Fri Jun 16 18:41:58 2000  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* process.c (proc_setsid): BSD-style setpgrp() don't return 
-	  process group ID, but 0 or -1.
-
-Fri Jun 16 16:23:35 2000  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_inspect): gives detailed information;
-	  compatibility with ruby-1.4.x.
-
-Fri Jun 16 05:18:45 2000  Yasuhiro Fukuma  <yasuf@bsdclub.org>
-
-	* configure.in: FreeBSD: do not link dummy libxpg4 which was
-	  merged into libc.
-
-Fri Jun 16 03:17:36 2000  Satoshi Nojo  <nojo@t-samukawa.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c (fdbm_length): use GetDBM. empty?, [] too.
-
-	* ext/gdbm/gdbm.c (fgdbm_length): ditto.
-
-	* ext/sdbm/init.c (fsdbm_length): ditto.
-
-Fri Jun 16 01:57:31 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_sleep_forever): pause(2) instead of sleep(3).
-
-Thu Jun 15 10:46:36 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_sub_bang): should probagate taintness from
-	  replacement string.
-
-Wed Jun 14 17:01:41 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* rubytest.rb: add CONFIG['EXEEXT'] to the executable file name.
-
-Wed Jun 14 14:50:00 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_f_sub): assign to $_ only if modification happens.
-
-	* string.c (rb_f_gsub): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_f_chop): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_f_chomp): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (io_reopen): preserve file position by ftell/fseek, if io
-	  is a seekable.
-
-	* eval.c (method_arity): wrong arity number for the methods with
-	  optional arguments.
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): opposite timezone shift (should be negative).
-
-Wed Jun 14 14:07:38 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* io.c: typo(ig/if).
-
-	* re.c: typo(re/reg). add rb_reg_check().
-
-	* time.c: remove unneeded declare(daylight, timezone).
-
-	* configure.in: add include <time.h> when daylight checking.
-
-Wed Jun 14 11:36:52 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): modified for symbols.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): ditto.
-
-Wed Jun 14 10:04:58 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_memcmp): should compare according to ruby_ignorecase.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_cmp): use rb_memcmp.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_index): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rindex): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_each_line): ditto.
-
-Wed Jun 14 04:58:53 2000  Dave Thomas  <dave@thomases.com>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_set_lineno): should have returned VALUE, not
-	  integer.
-
-Wed Jun 14 09:29:42 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dup): dup should always propagate taintness.
-
-Wed Jun 14 00:50:14 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: read_multipart(): if no content body then raise EOFError.
-
-Tue Jun 13 11:46:17 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* process.c (proc_setsid): try implement it using setpgrp() and
-	  ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY, NULL).
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_prepare_re): magic variable $= should affect regex
-	  pattern match. 
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): use tm.tm_gmtoff if possible.
-
-	* time.c (time_zone): use tm.tm_zone if available.
-
-Tue Jun 13 01:50:57 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.22.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTPResponse#body returns body.
-
-Mon Jun 12 23:41:54 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in (daylight): avoid GCC optimization.
-
-Mon Jun 12 19:02:27 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: cygwin has strange timezone.
-
-	* time.c (time_zone): use tzname and daylight.
-
-Sat Jun 10 23:10:32 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_seek): whence is optional, default is SEEK_SET.
-
-Fri Jun  9 17:00:29 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.21.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: exception is raised with response object.
-
-Fri Jun  9 15:11:35 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): supports daylight saving time.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_safe_level): should retrieve current $SAFE
-	  value if a thread is the current thread.
-
-Thu Jun  8 14:25:45 2000  Hiroshi Igarashi  <iga@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: add target `distclean' in Makefile for extlib.
-	  target `clean' doesn't remove Makefile.
-
-Thu Jun  8 13:34:03 2000  Dave Thomas  <dave@thomases.com>
-
-	* numeric.c: add nan?, infinite?, and finite? to Float
-
-Thu Jun  8 00:31:04 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* regex.h: export re_mbctab properly on cygwin.
-
-	* dln.c: use dlopen instead of LoadLibrary on cygwin.
-
-Thu Jun  8 13:41:34 2000  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_basename): might dump core.
-
-Tue Jun  6 03:29:12 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_foreach): now returns nil for consistency.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivmod): modulo by small numbers was wrong.
-
-Mon Jun  5 00:18:08 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c: avoid conflict with USHORT on mingw32.
-
-Mon Jun  5 00:13:35 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): =/== typo.
-
-Sun Jun  4 03:17:36 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: improve: CGI::pretty()
-
-Sun Jun  4 02:01:10 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: do not need to add -L$(topdir) in --enable-shared case.
-
-Sat Jun  3 13:50:06 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_id2name): should support constant attrset
-	  identifiers. 
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_eq): Bignum#== should not raise exception.
-
-Fri Jun  2 11:24:48 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_popen): open with a block returns the value from the
-	  block.  old behavior was back.
-
-Fri Jun  2 00:42:31 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_cleanup): should clear priority for thread
-	  termination.
-
-Thu Jun 01 22:39:41 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.20.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: wrongly closed the socket twice
-	  when no Content-Length: was given.
-
-Thu Jun  1 00:59:15 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): convert Qundef to [].
-
-Wed May 31 20:45:59 2000  Dave Thomas  <Dave@Thomases.com>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_slice_bang): wrong argument number.
-
-Wed May 31 12:37:04 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_exec_end_proc): print error message from END procs.
-
-Wed May 31 04:06:41 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: change: CGI#out() if "HEAD" == REQUEST_METHOD then
-	  output only HTTP header.
-
-Wed May 31 01:54:21 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): set main_thread->status to
-	  THREAD_TO_KILL, before raising deadlock error.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_deadlock): if curr_thread == main_thread, do
-	  not call rb_thread_restore_context()
-
-Tue May 30 23:33:41 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): add $(TARGET).ilk and *.pdb
-	  to cleanup files for mswin32.
-
-Mon May 29 10:41:10 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_basename): should propagate taintness.
-
-Sun May 28 21:37:13 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c: bug fix: DLEXT2.
-
-Sun May 28 19:21:43 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c: use ruby's glob.
-
-	* dir.c: "glob" exported and renamed to "rb_glob".
-
-	* ruby.h: ditto.
-
-	* main.c: turn off command line mingw32's globbing.
-
-Wed May 25 22:25:13 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: use "ftools" instead of "rm -f".
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-Thu May 25 22:01:32 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* defines.h: mswin32: remove obsolete USHORT definition.
-
-	* re.h: mswin32: use EXTERN instead of extern.
-
-	* regex.h: mswin32: export re_mbctab properly.
-
-	* win32/ruby.def: add ruby_ignorecase and regex.c's exports.
-
-Thu May 25 21:28:44 2000  Minero Aoki <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_expr_str): escape un-printable character.
-
-Thu May 25 01:35:15 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (tokadd_escape): forgot to add `\x' to hexadecimal
-	  escape sequences.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dup): dup for normal object (T_OBJECT) copies
-	  instance variables only.
-
-Wed May 24 23:49:47 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_initialize): should provide initialize.
-
-Wed May 24 23:17:50 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/Makefile: remove unnecessary mv and rm command call.
-
-Wed May 24 21:01:04 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c: use "" instead of <> to include ruby.h and rubyio.h
-	  for BeOS (PowerPC).
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file): should check dln_find_file() result.
-
-	* win32/ruby.def: add rb_block_given_p.
-
-Wed May 24 16:32:45 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_popen): popen does not take 3rd argument anymore.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_desc): re may be zero, check before dereferencing.
-
-Wed May 24 16:03:06 2000  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: bug fix: CGI::escape(), CGI::Cookie::new()
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: improve: binmode(), telnetmode() interface
-
-Wed May 24 13:12:31 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-region): support `while .. do'
-	  etc. But corresponding keywords must be at the beginning of
-	  line. 
-
-Tue May 23 23:50:12 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_initialize_m): wrong kcode value.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_new): forgot to initialize re->ptr.
-
-Tue May 23 08:36:24 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): forgot to restore old option
-	  status by (?ix-ix).
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): anychar may match newline if
-	  RE_OPTION_MULTILINE or RE_OPTION_POSIXLINE is set.
-
-Mon May 22 22:45:06 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.19.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: do not use Regexp "p" option.
-
-Mon May 22 21:56:43 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_getmember): should use ID2SYM, not INT2NUM.
-
-Mon May 22 15:07:37 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_find_file): should check if the file really exists.
-
-Mon May 22 09:08:12 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_popen): _exit(0) after processing block under the
-	  child process.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_popen): flush stdout/stderr before subprocess
-	  termination.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_check_safe_str): insert rb_secure(4); operation
-	  requires untainted string should be prohibited in level 4.
-
-Sun May 21 21:17:00 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: add Setup.dj for djgpp cross-compiling.
-
-	* Setup.dj: add readline.
-
-	* instruby.rb: copy win32/win32.h to archlibdir on mingw32.
-
-Sun May 21 20:58:08 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c: fix OFF16 and OFF32 definitions for Alpha and IRIX64.
-
-Sun May 21 17:31:37 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* instruby.rb: support "make install" for cross-compiling.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: ditto.
-
-Sun May 21 14:22:49 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* Makefile.in: rename prep.rb to fake.rb.
-
-	* configure.in: ditto.
-
-Sat May 20 23:29:14 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_new): does not take block; "open" does.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_new): ditto.
-
-Fri May 19 07:44:26 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_open): Dir#open does not returns closed Dir if a
-	  block is given to the method.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_initialize_m): Regexp::new calls initialize now.
-
-	* string.c (Init_String): String#delete_at removed.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_aset_m): should have checked argc != 2.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): select(2) was called too many.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): a bug in (?m) support.  Pointed
-	  out by Dave Thomas <Dave@thomases.com>.
-
-Thu May 18 23:55:26 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (search_undef): st_lookup()'s 3rd parameter should be
-	  a pointer of the variable which has the same size and alignment
-	  as `char *'.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_symbol, w_object): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_intern): ditto.
-
-Thu May 18 18:00:35 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.18.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: Net::Version was removed.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: use Socket.gethostname to get local host name.
-
-Thu May 18 13:34:57 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ruby_connect): should not have replaced
-	  thread_write_select() by rb_thread_fd_writable().
-
-Thu May 18 09:01:25 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* configure.in, ext/extmk.rb.in, lib/mkmf.rb: remove BeOS R3 support.
-	  Make a shared library (libruby.so) only if the --enable-shared
-	  option is specified.
-
-	* instruby.rb: no longer use libruby.so.LIB and import.h.
-
-	* io.c: fix READ_DATA_PENDING definition for BeOS (PowerPC).
-
-Wed May 17 14:14:23 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_new_1): use /m instead of /p.
-
-Wed May 17 02:22:03 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_polling): wait 0.06 second to let other
-	  processes run.
-
-	* process.c (rb_waitpid): avoid busy wait using rb_thread_polling.
-
-	* file.c (rb_thread_flock): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (expr): avoid calling value_expr() twice.
-
-Wed May 17 00:45:57 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_binmode): should check PLATFORMs, not O_BINARY, sigh...
-
-Wed May 17 00:40:15 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/config.h: add DLEXT2, now DLEXT on mswin32 is "so".
-
-	* win32/config.status: ditto.
-
-	* win32/ruby.def: add symbol "rb_big_divmod".
-
-Tue May 16 19:45:32 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* intern.h: use EXTERN instead of extern.
-
-	* win32/ruby.def: add rb_defout, rb_stdout, ruby_errinfo,
-	  ruby_sourceline, ruby_sourcefile to work with eruby
-	  reported by Hiroshi Saito <HiroshiSaito@pob.org>.
-	  Export both ruby_xmalloc and xmalloc etc.
-
-Tue May 16 17:00:05 2000  Masaki Fukushima  <fukusima@goto.info.waseda.ac.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_select): should check whether fds are null.
-
-Tue May 16 11:51:31 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (pipe_open): synchronize subprocess stdout/stderr.
-
-Mon May 15 15:38:09 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h: exported symbols should be for xmalloc etc. are now
-	  prefixed by 'ruby_', e.g. ruby_xmalloc().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_select): remove busy wait for select.
-
-	* dir.c (glob): trailing path may be null, e.g. glob("**").
-
-Mon May 15 14:48:41 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_pid): new method; returns nil if no process attached
-	  to the IO.
-
-Mon May 15 01:18:20 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_popen): _exit after Proc execution.
-
-Sun May 14 18:05:59 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* Makefile.in: missing/nt.c -> win32/win32.c
-
-	* configure.in: bug fix; static linking on mingw32.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in: remove VPATH.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: Makefile set binmode with mingw32 on cygwin32.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-	* win32/config.h: undef HAVE_SYS_FILE_H.
-
-Sun May 14 02:02:48 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb: '/' should be escaped in character class.
-
-Sun May 14 00:54:43 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in, ...: support mingw32.
-
-	* defines.h: ditto. undef EXTERN for tcl/tk on cygwin.
-
-	* ext/*/extconf.rb: replace PLATFORM with RUBY_PLATFORM.
-
-	* ext/socket/sockport.h: define IN_MULTICAST for missing IN_MULTICAST.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c: remove declaration of rb_argv0.
-
-	* file.c: should check S_IXGRP, S_ISGID, not NT.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_binmode): should check _IOBIN, O_BINARY, not PLATFORMs.
-
-Sat May 13 14:21:15 2000  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_popen): should check whether a block is given.
-
-Fri May 12 17:33:44 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): charset_not should not exclude
-	  newline from matching set.
-
-Thu May 11 22:51:05 2000  Ryunosuke Ohshima  <ryu@jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): Bignum support.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): ditto.
-
-Thu May 11 21:19:29 2000  Hiroshi Igarashi  <iga@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* intern.h: add missing declarations of ruby API functions.
-
-	* ruby.h: fix function name in declarations.
-
-Thu May 11 22:29:25 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/md5/depend: add $(topdir)/config.h dependency to md5c.o.
-
-	* ext/md5/extconf.rb: new file to add -DHAVE_CONFIG_H flag for Alpha.
-
-Thu May 11 10:55:52 2000  Ryunosuke Ohshima  <ryu@jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): packing BER compressed integer by `w'.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): unpacking BER.
-
-Thu May 11 00:37:55 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): remove in_brack.
-
-Wed May 10 12:51:18 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): move adding RUBYLIB and "." to the load
-	  path after #! line parsing.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): should parse backslash escape like `\c['
-	  here to avoid causing `unterminated regexp' error.
-
-Wed May 10 00:19:53 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* MANIFEST, beos/GNUmakefile.in, configure.in: no longer need
-	  beos/GNUmakefile.in to support BeOS R4.5.2 (Intel) as a result
-	  of eban's Makefile.in change.
-
-	* io.c: NOFILE is already defined on BeOS R4.5 (Intel) or later.
-
-	* lib/matrix.rb: remove debug print.
-
-	* regex.c: don't use nested comment.
-
-Tue May  9 17:08:43 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (massign): no longer convert nil into empty array.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_popen): optional 3rd argument to give proc, which
-	  will be executed in spawned child process.
-
-Mon May  8 23:47:39 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_callcc): prev & next should be initialized to zero.
-
-Mon May  8 23:17:36 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_init): remove possible buffer overrun.  This is
-	  suggested by Aleksi Niemela <aleksi.niemela@cinnober.com>.
-
-	* dln.c (init_funcname): ditto.
-
-Sat May  6 23:35:47 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (lhs): should allow `obj.Attr = 5' type expression.
-
-Sat May  6 15:46:08 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: add a new configure option to force use
-	  of the WIDE Project's getaddrinfo(): --enbale-wide-getaddrinfo.
-
-Fri May  5 21:19:22 2000  MOROHOSHI Akihiko  <moro@remus.dti.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): allow '$1foo' and such.
-
-Fri May  5 17:57:24 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.17.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: write also port number in Host: field.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: see Proxy-Connection: to decide socket connection.
-
-Fri May  5 03:25:15 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): charset_not for multibyte
-	  characters excluded too many characters.
-
-Tue May  2 13:23:43 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): little bit more impartial context
-	  switching.
-
-Tue May  2 09:50:03 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: add DLDLIBS to set platform specific library
-	  for extensions.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: use @DLDLIBS@ instead of RUBY_PLATFORM choice.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: use CONFIG["DLDLIBS"] instead of RUBY_PLATFORM choice.
-
-	* config_s.dj: add @DLDLIBS@.
-
-	* win32/config.status: ditto.
-
-	* win32/ruby.def: regular maintenance.
-
-Mon May  1 23:42:44 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in, eval.c: add DLEXT2. now DLEXT on Cygwin is "so".
-
-	* defines.h: use dllimport, dllexport for Cygwin 1.1.x.
-
-	* ruby.h: ditto.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in: ditto.
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c: directly "call" in asm statement for
-	  gcc 2.95.x or newer.
-
-Sat Apr 29 04:58:12 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_unshift_m): performance improvement.
-
-Fri Apr 28 00:19:22 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_unshift_m): takes items to push.
-
-Wed Apr 26 15:23:02 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_succ): insert carrying character just before
-	  the leftmost alpha numeric character.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_succ): proper behavior for "".succ and "\377".succ.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_succ): use realloc and memmove.
-
-Tue Apr 25 18:28:45 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.16.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: add SMTP AUTH
-
-Tue Apr 25 14:30:13 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_gets_internal): shortcut when rs == rb_default_rs.
-
-Sat Apr 22 23:14:41 2000  SHIROYAMA Takayuki  <psi@fortune.nest.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: MacOS X support.
-
-Sat Apr 22 16:37:10 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.15.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb:  closing socket by watching both
-	  user header and server response
-
-Fri Apr 21 21:44:34 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_pipe): should set FMODE_SYNC.
-
-Thu Apr 20 16:59:22 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (massign): `*lvalue = false' should assign `[false]' to
-	  lvalue.
-
-Wed Apr 19 08:35:08 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class): generate singleton class for
-	  special constants: nil, true, false.
-
-Wed Apr 19 02:09:30 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class): singleton method for nil, true,
-	  false is possible now.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): ditto.
-
-Tue Apr 18 18:54:25 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.14.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: new method HTTP#head2.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: get2/post2 does not raise exceptions.
-
-Mon Apr 17 15:16:31 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close): to detect some exceptional status, writable
-	  IO should be flushed before close;
-
-Sat Apr 15 18:29:00 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_collect_bang): Array#filter renamed.
-
-Fri Apr 14 19:47:11 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.13.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: accept illegal timestamp
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: when body was chunked, does not set Content-Length:
-
-Tue Apr 11 21:14:42 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* config_s.dj: add @sitedir@.
-	* configure.in: add --with-sitedir=DIR option.
-	* instruby.rb: use CONFIG["sitedir"].
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: support 'make site-install'.
-	* win32/config.status: add @sitedir@.
-
-Tue Apr 11 16:25:15 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_2comp): unnecessary lvalue cast removed.
-
-Tue Apr 11 02:25:53 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (env_fetch): new method.
-
-	* marshal.c (marshal_dump): accepts depth = nil for unlimited depth.
-
-Sun Apr  9 20:49:19 2000  Dave Thomas  <Dave@Thomases.com>
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): Allow class variables to be expanded.
-
-Fri Apr  7 02:03:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* error.c (rb_sys_fail): escape non-printable characters.
-
-Thu Apr  6 20:10:47 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (create_makefile): BeOS --program-suffix support.
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (create_makefile): ditto.
-
-Thu Apr  6 09:55:26 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* error.c (rb_sys_fail): need rb_exc_new2() call on BeOS.
-
-Mon Apr  3 17:22:27 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): support tempfile.
-
-	* eval.c (catch_i): should supply argument.
-
-Sat Apr  1 22:50:28 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): wrong symbol restoration.
-
-Sat Apr  1 21:30:53 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_printf, rb_f_printf): should use rb_io_write.
-
-Sat Apr  1 00:16:05 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_call_finalizer_at_exit): should be clear flags
-	  before calling finalizers.
-
-	* eval.c (specific_eval): can be called without SecurityError, if
-	  $SAFE >= 4.
-
-	* object.c (sym_inspect): inspect gives ":sym", to_s gives "sym".
-
-Fri Mar 31 22:07:04 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.12.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb:  update Net::Protocol::Proxy#connect
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb:  ReplyCode is not a class
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: header value format was change:
-	  values do not include header name
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: header is not a Hash, but HTTPResponse
-
-Thu Mar 30 12:19:44 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_find): rb_eval_cmd() should be called with array.
-
-Tue Mar 28 13:57:05 2000  Clemens Hintze  <c.hintze@gmx.net>
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c (fdbm_invert): should return new hash.
-
-	* ext/gdbm/gdbm.c (fgdbm_invert): ditto.
-
-Tue Mar 28 00:58:03 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.11.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: does not
-	  dispatch any commands while dispatching command.
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: failed to get error class of
-	  inherited ReplyCode
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: change feature of "get2", "post2"
-
-Mon Mar 27 01:34:58 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.10.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: return value of 'head' was wrong.
-
-Sun Mar 26 17:47:35 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.9.
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: SMTP#do_ready wrongly took no arguments
-
-Sat Mar 25 23:21:10 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): symbols should be converted to ID before
-	  dumping out.
-
-Fri Mar 24 18:26:51 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (test_check): should have checked exact number of arguments.
-
-Fri Mar 24 21:02:11 2000  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* signal.c (trap): should treat some symbols as the signal.
-
-Fri Mar 24 06:58:03 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.8.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb:  post, get2, post2, get_body
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: separate
-	  Command/Socket documentation.
-
-Thu Mar 23 02:26:14 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fptr_finalize): fptr may be null.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_new): now calls `initialize'.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_initialize): actual open done in this method.
-
-	* io.c (rb_file_initialize): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): class variables in singleton class definition
-	  is now handled properly (I hope).
-
-Wed Mar 22 21:49:36 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* st.c (st_delete_safe): skip already deleted entry.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_delete): modify brace miss.
-
-Wed Mar 22 08:53:58 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (exec_under): do not push cbase if ruby_cbase == under.
-
-	* node.h (NEW_CREF0): preserve cbase nesting.
-
-Tue Mar 21 12:57:50 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_class_s_new): Class::new should call `inherited'.
-
-Sat Mar 18 12:36:09 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_backtrace, make_backtrace): removed unused variable
-	  `lev'.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_attr): calls `method_added' at attribute definition.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mod_modfunc): calls `singleton_method_added' while
-	  `module_function'.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): parameter to `method_added' and
-	  `singleton_method_added' is Symbol.
-
-	* eval.c (Init_eval): caches IDs for `method_added' and
-	  `singleton_method_added'.
-
-Sat Mar 18 11:25:10 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (rescue): allows `rescue Error in foo'.  experimental.
-	  which is better this or preparing alias `exception' for `$!'?
-
-Fri Mar 17 15:02:45 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_autoload_id): defining new autoload should be
-	  prohibited for $SAFE > 4.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_autoload_load): autoload should be possible for
-	  $SAFE > 4.
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): should handle T_ICLASS properly.
-
-Fri Mar 17 14:34:30 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_gsub): forgot to initialize str->orig.
-
-Fri Mar 17 01:24:59 2000  Dave Thomas  <Dave@thomases.com>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_clone): forgot to copy str->orig if STR_NO_ORIG
-	  is set by Array#pack.
-
-Wed Mar 15 21:25:04 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_join): 'result' is always duplicated
-	  before concat string.
-
-Wed Mar 15 17:26:05 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_s_create): unexpected recursive call removed.
-	  this bug was found by Satoshi Nojo <nojo@t-samukawa.or.jp>.
-
-Wed Mar 15 13:12:39 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (Init_Thread): Thread.join removed finally.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_chomp_bang): forgot to call rb_str_modify().
-
-Mon Mar 13 16:12:13 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): distinguish real orphan block and still
-	  on-stack block passed by block argument.
-
-Mon Mar 13 00:20:25 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (f_norm_arg): proper error message when constant comes
-	  in formal argument list.  this message is suggested by Muvaw
-	  Pnazte <bugathlon@yahoo.com>.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_raise): proper error message when the first
-	  argument is not an exception class/object.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dup): dup now postpone buffer copy as long as
-	  possible.  performance improved by lazy copying.
-
-Sun Mar 12 13:58:52 2000  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* signal.c (rb_f_kill): should treat some symbols as the signal.
-
-Sat Mar 11 22:03:03 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_gsub): performance tune by avoiding buffer copy.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_missing): check if argv[0] is ID.
-
-Sat Mar 11 15:49:41 2000  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_aref): struct aref by symbol.
-
-Sat Mar 11 05:07:11 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* process.c (proc_setpriority): should return 0, not nil.
-
-	* process.c (proc_setpgid): ditto.
-
-Fri Mar 10 18:14:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (path_check_1): confusing buf and path.  this bug found
-	  by <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>.
-
-Fri Mar 10 09:37:49 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* MANIFEST: add beos/GNUmakefile.in.
-	* configure.in: support BeOS R4.5.2 (Intel).
-	* beos/GNUmakefile.in: new file to support BeOS R4.5.2 (Intel).
-
-Thu Mar  9 11:13:32 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): fixed embarrassing brace bug.
-
-Thu Mar  9 01:36:32 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* missing/flock.c: emulate missing flock() with fcntl().
-
-Thu Mar  9 00:29:35 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (sym_to_s): returns ":sym".
-
-	* object.c (sym_id2name): separated from to_s; returns "sym".
-
-Wed Mar  8 19:16:19 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.7.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (connecting): returns header
-
-Wed Mar  8 02:08:43 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y: escape expansion too early.
-
-	* string.c (rb_f_scan): Kernel#scan added.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): support \cX et al.
-
-Tue Mar  7 01:44:27 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (set_stdin): simplified procedure, allows $stdin = DATA;
-	  experimental.
-
-	* io.c (set_outfile): ditto.
-
-	* re.c (Init_Regexp): new method Regexp#last_match added; it's an
-	  alternative for $~.
-
-	* configure.in (DEFAULT_KCODE): KCODE_NONE should be the default.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_rmdir): should return 0 on success.
-
-	* signal.c: remove CWGUSI support.
-
-Mon Mar  6 12:28:37 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_symbol): support symbol object.
-
-	* util.c: make symbol as separated class.
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): new exception RangeError.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ip_addrsetup): should check length of hostname.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ip_addrsetup): check newline at the end of
-	  hostname.  These fixes suggested by Muvaw Pnazte <bugathlon@yahoo.com>.
-
-Sun Mar  5 20:35:45 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_initialize): should call
-	  LoadLibrary() everytime and should assign the hdll to Win32API
-	  object(protect the hdll from GC).
-
-Sun Mar  5 18:49:06 2000  Nakada.Nobuyoshi  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-region): not treat method `begin'
-	  and `end' as reserved words.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-font-lock-docs): ignore after `=begin'
-	  and `=end'.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-font-lock-keywords, hilit-set-mode-patterns):
-	  added `yield' to keywords.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-font-lock-keywords, hilit-set-mode-patterns):
-	  matches keywords at end of buffer.
-
-Sun Mar  5 18:08:53 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.6.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb:  allow to omit 'start'
-
-Tue Feb 29 01:08:26 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* range.c (range_initialize): initialization done in `initialize';
-	  `initialize' should not be called more than once.
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): default `initialize' should take zero
-	  argument.
-
-	* time.c (time_s_new): call `initialize' in Time::new.
-
-Sat Feb 26 22:39:31 2000  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_times): fix String#* with huge string.
-
-Sat Feb 26 00:14:59 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_new): call `initialize' in Dir::new.
-
-Fri Feb 25 23:01:49 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h: export ruby_safe_level by EXTERN for mswin32.
-	* win32/ruby.def: regular maintenance.
-
-Fri Feb 25 22:12:46 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): IO#reopen should accept path as well.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_s_new): call `initialize' in String::new.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_s_new): call `initialize' in Hash::new.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_s_new): call `initialize' in Array::new.
-
-Fri Feb 25 12:50:20 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start_timer): interval changed to 10ms from 50ms.
-
-Fri Feb 25 06:42:26 2000  GOTOU YUUZOU  <gotoyuzo@notwork.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ip_addrsetup): hostp should remain NULL if
-	  host is nil.
-
-Thu Feb 24 16:53:47 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): priority check for sleep expired
-	  threads needed.
-
-Wed Feb 23 14:22:32 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_join): forgot to initialize a local variable
-	  `taint'.
-
-Tue Feb 22 07:40:55 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (Init_Regexp): renamed to MatchData, old name MatchingData
-	  remain as alias.
-
-Tue Feb 22 00:20:21 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.5.
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb: rename to protocol.rb
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: ProtocolSocket -> Net::Socket
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb: Net::Socket#write, write_pendstr
-	  can take block
-
-	* lib/net/smtp.rb: new methods SMTP#ready SMTPCommand#write_mail
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: POPMail#pop can take block
-
-Sat Feb 19 23:58:51 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): pop_loop should not pop at forward jump.
-
-Fri Feb 18 17:15:40 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (method_clone): method objects are now clonable.
-
-Fri Feb 18 00:27:34 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_shared_variable_declare): shared variable (aka
-	  class/module variable) introduced.  prefix `@@'. experimental.
-
-	* class.c (rb_scan_args): new format char '&'.
-
-Thu Feb 17 19:09:05 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mypopen): don't close handle if it is not assigned.
-	* win32/win32.c (my_open_osfhandle): support O_NOINHERIT flag.
-	* win32/win32.c (win32_getcwd): rename getcwd to win32_getcwd
-	  in order to avoid using the C/C++ runtime DLL's getcwd.
-	  Use CharNext() to process directory name.
-	* win32/win32.h: map getcwd to win32_getcwd.
-
-Wed Feb 16 00:32:49 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (method_arity): nd_rest is -1 for no rest argument.
-
-	* process.c (proc_waitpid): returns nil when waitpid(2) returns 0.
-
-Tue Feb 15 01:47:00 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_waitpid): pid_t should be signed.
-
-Mon Feb 14 13:59:01 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): yylex yields wrong tokens for `:foo=~expr'.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): exit if reading file is empty.
-
-Mon Feb 14 03:34:52 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): `foo.bar=1' should be <foo><.><bar><=><1>,
-	  not <foo><.><bar=><1>.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_restore_context): process according to
-	  RESTORE_* is moved after longjmp().
-
-	* eval.c (thread_switch): new function to process RESTORE_*.
-
-Sun Feb 13 16:19:49 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (require_libraries): don't access freed memory.
-
-	* ruby.c (add_modules): ditto.
-
-Fri Feb 11 12:06:22 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_quotedwords): %w() need to split not only by mere
-	  spaces, but by all whitespaces.
-
-Thu Feb 10 02:12:04 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_index_m): did not support negative offset.
-
-Wed Feb  9 21:54:26 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c: gcc --traditional support.
-	  Rearrange headers to work AC_C_CONST.
-	* ext/socket/getnameinfo.c: ditto.
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: mswin32: use double instead of long long.
-
-Wed Feb  9 16:30:41 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_coerce): should return [y, x].
-
-Wed Feb  9 11:07:30 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): loadpath structure changed.
-
-Tue Feb  8 02:07:33 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): optimize for \G at top.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): \G introduced.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (str_sub_bang): old behavior restored: bang method
-	  returns nil if string not changed.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): support independent subexpression
-	  `(?>pattern)'. 
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): ditto.
-
-Mon Feb  7 15:51:08 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): now understands interrupts under Ruby.
-
-Mon Feb  7 07:51:52 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_uniq_bang): always return an Array.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_compact_bang): ditto.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_flatten_bang): ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_reject): returns a Hash, not an Array.
-
-	* hash.c (env_reject): ditto.
-
-Fri Feb  4 10:20:25 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (scan_once): scan now leaves information about the last
-	  successful pattern match in $&.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close): should not check closed IO.
-
-Fri Feb  4 05:44:01 2000  Kentaro Inagaki  <inagaki@tg.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_recv): TRAP_BEG after retry entry.
-
-Wed Feb  2 22:33:45 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start): receives argument from outside, like
-	  `Thread::start(1,2,3){|a,b,c| ... }'.
-
-Wed Feb  2 22:14:40 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_regsub): should check regs->num_regs.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): remove matchcache, use static struct
-	  re_register instead. 
-
-	* re.c (match_getter): avoid cloning match data.
-
-Wed Feb  2 17:12:15 2000  Dave Thomas  <Dave@Thomases.com>
-
-	* samples/eval.rb: Rescue new ScriptError exception
-
-Wed Feb  2 02:06:07 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_gsub_bang): gsub! now leaves information about the
-	  last successful pattern match in $&.
-
-Mon Jan 31 15:24:58 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_sub_bang): bang method returns string always.
-	  experimental.
-
-Sun Jan 30 17:58:09 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c: arrange to use setitimer(2) for BOW, DJGPP
-
-	* defines.h: ditto. use random(3) on cygwin b20.1.
-
-Sun Jan 30 17:20:16 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c: use getrlimit(2) on DJGPP.
-
-Thu Jan 27 01:27:10 2000  GOTO Kentaro  <gotoken@math.sci.hokudai.ac.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (glob): glob pattern "/*" did not match.
-
-Wed Jan 26 22:30:47 2000  Shigeo Kobayashi  <shigeo@tinyforest.gr.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_modulo): wrong result for negative modulo.
-
-Wed Jan 26 02:01:57 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (test_c): should use S_ISCHR.
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_c): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_each_line): should propagate tainting.
-
-Tue Jan 25 04:01:34 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_freeze): all objects made freezable.
-
-Tue Jan 25 00:37:01 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: use AC_CHECK_TOOL for cross compiling.
-
-Mon Jan 24 19:01:54 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_protect_inspect): should be checked by id of
-	  objects; not by object themselves.
-
-Mon Jan 24 18:48:08 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): too many warnings;  warned on every method
-	  overriding.  should be on method discarding.
-
-Mon Jan 24 02:56:44 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): -2.abs should be `(-2).abs' to accomplish the
-	  principle of less surprise.  `+2' too.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): when defining class is already there, and
-	  superclass differ, throw away the old class.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_set): gives warning again on constant
-	  redefinition.
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): SyntaxError, NameError, LoadError and
-	  NotImplementError are subclasses of ScriptError<Exception, not
-	  StandardError.  experimental.
-
-Sat Jan 22 00:00:41 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_quotedwords): no longer use `String#split'.
-	  and enable space escape within quoted word list.
-	  e.g. %w(a\ b\ c abc) => ["a b c", "abc"].
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_slice_bang): new method `slice!'.
-
-Fri Jan 21 21:56:08 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.4.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: can receive messages which have
-	  no Content-Length:.
-
-Fri Jan 21 16:15:59 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thgroup_s_new): new class ThreadGroup.
-
-Tue Jan 18 12:24:28 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (Init_Struct): remove Struct's own hash and eql?.
-
-Sat Jan 15 22:21:08 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (search_method): argument klass may be 0.
-
-Sat Jan 15 15:03:46 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_index): remove this method.
-
-	* enum.c: remove use of pointers to local variables. find,
-	  find_all, min, max, index, member?, each_with_index, 
-
-	* eval.c (massign): multiple assignment does not use to_a anymore.
-	  experimental.
-
-Fri Jan 14 12:22:04 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_replace): use memmove instead of memcpy for
-	  overwrapping strings (e.g. a[1] = a).
-
-Thu Jan 13 11:12:40 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (arg_add): use new node, ARGSPUSH.
-
-Mon Jan 10 18:32:28 2000  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): forgot an argument to call w_ivar().
-
-Sun Jan  9 18:13:51 2000  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* random.c: first was not defined unless HAVE_RANDOM.
-
-Sat Jan  8 19:02:49 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_sysread): raise IOError for buffered IO.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_recv): ditto.
-
-Fri Jan  7 00:59:29 2000  Masahiro Tomita  <tommy@tmtm.org>
-
-	* io.c (io_fread): TRAP_BEG/TRAP_END added around getc().
-
-Thu Jan  6 00:39:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* random.c (rb_f_rand): should be initialized unless srand is
-	  called before.
-
-Wed Jan  5 16:59:34 2000  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.3.
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb: Session -> Protocol, ...
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTPCommand implementation was changed.
-
-Wed Jan  5 02:14:46 2000  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y: Fix SEGV on empty parens with UMINUS or UPLUS.
-
-Tue Jan  4 22:25:54 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): `() while cond' dumped core.
-
-Tue Jan  4 06:04:14 2000  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: modify for cross-compiling.
-	  use target_* instead of host_*. 
-	  use AC_CANONICAL_TARGET.
-
-	* Makefile.in: ditto.
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in: ditto.
-
-Sat Jan  1 13:26:14 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): force_recycle ruby_dyna_vars to gain
-	  performance.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_delete_at_m): takes same argument pattern with
-	  rb_ary_aref.
-
-Sat Jan  1 10:12:26 2000  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ruby.h,util.c (rb_special_const_p): peep hole optimization.
-
-	* ruby.h,util.c (rb_test_false_or_nil): removed.
-
-	* ruby.h (RTEST, SPECIAL_CONST_P): peep hole optimization.
-
-	* ruby.h (FL_ABLE, FL_SET, FL_UNSET, FL_REVERSE): made expressions
-	  not statements.
-
-	* ruby.h (OBJ_INFECT): newly added macro which copies taint from
-	  `s' to `x'.
-
-Sat Jan  1 02:04:18 2000  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_safe_level): new method.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): recycle dyna_var_map to reduce object
-	  allocation. 
-
-Fri Dec 31 00:52:48 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c: thread independent trace_func not needed.
-
-Thu Dec 30 14:47:31 1999  akira yamada  <akira@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: specifies -soname in LIBRUBY_DLDFLAGS on linux
-	  platforms.
-
-Thu Dec 30 10:51:27 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c,io.c,hash,c,re.c,string.c: `_m' suffix instead of
-	  `_method' for wrapper functions to implement method,
-	  e.g. `rb_str_join_m()'.
-
-Thu Dec 30 02:08:02 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_cstr2inum): non-numeric format check added.
-	  currently it works only with base == 0 (i.e. Integer()).
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_str2inum): now takes VALUE to 1st argument.  null
-	  byte check added.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_replace): unless replacement is an array,
-	  replacement shall be converted to array by `[replacement]', not
-	  by `replacement.to_a'.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_plus): right operand must be an array.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_concat): argument must be an array.
-
-Mon Dec 27 12:35:47 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_finalize): mswin32: fix socket handle leak.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myfdclose): ditto.
-
-Sun Dec 26 23:15:13 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (mypopen): raise catchable error instead of rb_fatal.
-	* win32/win32.c (mypclose): fix process handle leak.
-
-Sun Dec 26 16:17:11 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_initialize): use UINT2NUM
-	  instead of INT2NUM to set __dll__ and __proc__.
-
-Sat Dec 25 00:08:59 1999  KANEKO Naoshi  <wbs01621@mail.wbs.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_Call): remove 'dword ptr'
-	  from _asm.
-
-Fri Dec 24 10:26:47 1999  Koji Oda  <oda@bsd1.qnes.nec.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.h: use "C++" linkage.
-
-Fri Dec 24 02:00:57 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (THREAD_ALLOC): should initialize th->trace.
-
-Fri Dec 24 00:43:39 1999  KANEKO Naoshi  <wbs01621@mail.wbs.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (pipe_open): check for `fptr->f == NULL'.
-	* win32/win32.c (mypopen): STDERR does not work during ` function.
-
-Wed Dec 22 22:50:40 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.2.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: HTTP support is enhanced a little
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: support proxy
-
-Tue Dec 21 17:21:28 1999  Koji Oda  <oda@bsd1.qnes.nec.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_finalize): mswin32: fix FILE* leak.
-
-Tue Dec 21 05:33:56 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.1.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: support HTTP chunk
-
-Mon Dec 20 19:08:12 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): handle dir separator correctly.
-
-Sun Dec 19 22:56:31 1999  KANEKO Naoshi  <wbs01621@mail.wbs.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/find.rb: support dosish root directory.
-	* win32/Makefile: ditto.
-	* win32/config.status: ditto.
-	* win32/win32.c (opendir): ditto.
-	* win32/win32.c (opendir): use CharPrev() to get last character
-	  of the directory name.
-
-Sat Dec 18 03:00:01 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (path_check_1): check should be done by absolute path. 
-
-	* marshal.c (r_ivar): should restore generic_ivar too.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_ivar): should dump generic_ivar too.
-
-Fri Dec 17 22:46:46 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb, http.rb: 1.1.0.
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: test release
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb: support class swapping
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb: Socket#flush_rbuf
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb: doquote -> Net.quote
-
-Fri Dec 17 19:27:43 1999  IWAMURO Motonori  <iwa@mmp.fujitsu.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): should initialize ruby_frame->last_class.
-
-Wed Dec 15 01:35:29 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): option to change directory changed to
-	  `-C' like tar.
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): argv boundary check for `-X'.
-
-Mon Dec 13 15:15:31 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_adjust_startpos): separate startpos adjustment
-	  because of major performance drawback.
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class): tainted status of the singleton
-	  class must be synchronized with the object.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_schedule): implement thread priority.
-
-Sat Dec 11 03:34:38 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (mark_hashentry): key should be VALUE, not ID.
-
-	* io.c (argf_eof): should check next_p too.
-
-Thu Dec  9 18:09:13 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* error.c (exc_set_backtrace): forgot to declare a VALUE argument.
-
-Thu Dec  9 14:19:31 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_taint): explicit tainting must be prohibited at
-	  level 4 to prevent polluting trusted object by untrusted code.
-
-	* file.c: file operations (stat, lstat, chmod, chown, umask,
-	  truncate, flock) are prohibited in level 2 (was level 4).
-
-Wed Dec  8 11:48:23 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): prohibiting require() in the secure mode
-	  cause serious autoloading error.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_obj_instance_variables): don't need to prohibit
-	  to get list of instance variable names of untainted objects.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_ivar_get): don't need to prohibit to get instance
-	  variables of untainted objects.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_remove_const): should prohibit constant
-	  removals too. 
-
-Wed Dec  8 09:23:01 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should try autoloading before defining
-	  class/module at the toplevel.
-
-Tue Dec  7 22:15:30 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: Modified rb_cv_rshift_sign detect routine and
-	  more simple/fast RSHIFT() for hpux-10.x.
-
-Tue Dec  7 11:16:30 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (Init_eval): calculate stack limit from rlimit where
-	  getrlimit(2) is available.
-
-Tue Dec  7 09:57:33 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_ftype): should have removed mode_t.
-
-Mon Dec  6 15:55:30 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_rshift): Fix -1 >> 32 returned 0 (should be -1).
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_rshift): Fix  1 >> -1 returned 0 (should be 2).
-
-Mon Dec  6 11:47:23 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): formatted string must be tainted if
-	  any of parameters is a tainted string.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): expanded file path need not to
-	  be tainted always.
-
-Sun Dec  5 20:25:29 1999  Katsuhiro Ueno  <unnie@blue.sky.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (Init_Proc): simple typo.
-
-	* gc.c (add_heap): sizeof(RVALUE*), not sizeof(RVALUE).
-
-Sat Dec  4 01:40:22 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): adjust startpos for multibyte match unless
-	  the first pattern is forced byte match.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_rand): should not use rand/random where drand48
-	  may be available.  RANDOM_NUMBER should be provided from outside.
-
-Fri Dec  3 09:54:59 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (moreswitches): there may be trailing garbage at #!
-	  line.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): should check require 'feature.o' too.
-
-Thu Dec  2 11:58:15 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_loading): should maintain loading_tbl.
-
-Thu Dec  2 10:21:43 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_loading_done): wrong parameter to st_delete().
-
-Wed Dec  1 11:24:06 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (process_sflag): process -s properly (should not force `--').
-
-Wed Dec  1 09:47:33 1999  Kazunori NISHI  <kazunori@swlab.csce.kyushu-u.ac.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_method): should increment end too.
-
-Tue Nov 30 18:00:45 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c: MARSHAL_MINOR incremented; format version is 4.2.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): distinguish class and module.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): save hash's default value.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): restore hash's default value.
-
-Tue Nov 30 01:46:18 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_source): generated source string must be tainted if
-	  regex is tainted.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_basename): basename should not be tainted
-	  unless the original path is tainted.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_dirname): ditto.
-
-Mon Nov 29 20:42:13 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (stat_new): Struct::Stat -> File::Stat; Stat is no longer
-	  a Struct.
-
-Mon Nov 29 15:28:52 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_path2class): evaluated value from path should be
-	  module or class.
-
-Fri Nov 26 18:12:49 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_exec_end_proc): should remove only end_procs defined
-	  within load wrapper.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): save and restore ruby_wrapper around loading.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_mark_end_proc): mark end procs registered by END{} or
-	  at_exit{}. 
-
-	* eval.c (rb_set_end_proc): should not call rb_global_variable()
-	  on heap address;  it crashed mod_ruby.
-
-Mon Nov 22 14:07:24 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): variable e_script should be visited by
-	  garbage collector.
-
-Sat Nov 20 10:10:41 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (inspect_i): value may be nil, check revised.
-
-Fri Nov 19 18:06:21 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (glob): recursive wildcard match by `**' ala zsh.
-
-Fri Nov 19 11:44:26 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* variable.c: was returning void value.
-
-Fri Nov 19 03:57:22 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c: add methods Stat struct class to reduce stat(2).
-
-Thu Nov 18 16:18:27 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/pstore.rb: mutual lock by flock(2).
-
-Thu Nov 18 11:44:13 1999  Masahiro Tomita  <tommy@tmtm.org>
-
-	* io.c (read_all): should check bytes too.
-
-Wed Nov 17 02:40:40 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): $defout (alias of $>) added.
-
-Tue Nov 16 09:47:14 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/pstore.rb: add mutual lock using symlink.
-
-Mon Nov 15 16:50:34 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_grep): non matching grep returns an empty array, no
-	  longer returns nil.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_grep): grep with block returns collection of
-	  evaluated values of block over matched elements.
-
-Mon Nov 15 04:50:33 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_source): should not call rb_reg_expr_str()
-	  everytime.
-
-Sat Nov 13 07:34:18 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_constants): traverse superclasses to collect
-	  constants.
-
-	* eval.c (assign): modified for shared variables.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): search nested scope, then superclasses to
-	  assign shared variables within methods.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): remove warnings from constants modification,
-	  because they are no longer constants.
-
-	* parse.y (node_assign): modified for shared variables.
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): allow constant assignment in methods;
-	  constants should be called `shared variable'.
-
-Fri Nov 12 23:52:19 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_system): argument check for NT, __EMX__, DJGPP.
-
-Wed Nov 10 21:54:11 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_any_cmp): Fixed return without value.
-
-Wed Nov 10 17:57:06 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c: incorporate <yasuf@big.or.jp>'s sprintf patch at
-	  [ruby-dev:7754]. 
-
-Wed Nov 10 08:28:53 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): supply class parameter for each invocation.
-
-Tue Nov  9 13:21:04 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: AC_MINIX move to before AC_EXEEXT and AC_OBJEXT.
-
-Mon Nov  8 19:52:29 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: Renamed AC_CHAR_UNSIGNED to AC_C_CHAR_UNSIGNED.
-
-	* configure.in: Added default to AC_CHECK_SIZEOF().
-
-Mon Nov  8 14:28:18 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): rescue modifier added to the syntax.
-
-	* keywords: kRESCUE_MOD added.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_eval): fake outer scope when eval() called without
-	  bindings.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_binding): should copy last_class in the outer frame too.
-
-Sun Nov  7 18:31:04 1999  Yasuhiro Fukuma  <yasuf@big.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): last_class may be 0.
-
-Sat Nov  6 19:26:55 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* Makefile.in: Added depend entry make parse.@OBJEXT@ from parse.c
-	  for UCB make
-
-Thu Nov  4 17:41:18 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): \< (wordbeg), \> (wordend) disabled.
-
-Wed Nov  3 08:52:57 1999  Masaki Fukushima  <fukusima@goto.info.waseda.ac.jp>
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): forgot to use INT2FIX() around SEEK_SET, etc. 
-
-Wed Nov  3 00:25:20 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_method): use mbclen2() to handle kcode
-	  option of regexp objects.
-
-Mon Nov  1 14:22:15 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): reduce recursive calls to rb_eval()
-	  case of ||= and &&= .
-
-Sun Oct 31 13:12:42 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): wrong [\W] match.
-
-Fri Oct 29 16:57:30 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/nkf/lib/kconv.rb: new String methods (kconv, tojis, toeuc,
-	  tosjis).
-
-	* time.c (time_s_at): now accepts optional second argument to
-	  specify micro second.
-
-Thu Oct 28 13:35:40 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_method): should be mbchar aware with
-	  single char separators.
-
-Wed Oct 27 12:57:21 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* random.c (rb_f_srand): random seed should be unsigned.
-
-Tue Oct 26 23:58:15 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_collect): collect for better performance.
-
-Tue Oct 26 19:20:54 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): should register class/module objects.
-
-Sat Oct 23 15:59:39 1999  Takaaki Tateishi  <ttate@jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_system): should require at least one argument.
-
-Sat Oct 23 12:42:44 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_collect): collect without block will collect
-	  elements in enumerable.
-
-Thu Oct 21 16:14:19 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (moreswitches): function to process string option;
-	  the name is stolen from perl (not implementation).
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): use RUBYOPT environment variable to
-	  retrieve the default options.
-
-	* dir.c (fnmatch): use eban's fnmatch; do not depend on system's
-	  fnmatch (which may have portability problem) anymore.
-
-Wed Oct 20 15:14:24 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (marshal_load): should protect the generated object
-	  table (arg->data) from GC.
-
-Mon Oct 18 16:15:52 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/nkf/nkf.c (rb_nkf_kconv): output should be NUL terminated.
-
-Mon Oct 18 09:03:01 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb: 1.0.3
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: new methods POP3Command#uidl, POPMail#uidl.
-
-Sun Oct 17 03:35:33 1999  Masaki Fukushima  <fukusima@goto.info.waseda.ac.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_pop): forgot some freeze checks.
-
-Sat Oct 16 12:57:53 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_sort): always returns the copied array.
-
-Fri Oct 15 22:50:41 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* error.c (sys_nerr): on CYGWIN, it is _sys_nerr.
-
-Fri Oct 15 01:32:31 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_ctl) :need to use NUM2ULONG, not NUM2INT.
-
-	* ext/Win32API/Win32API.c (Win32API_Call): need to use NUM2ULONG,
-	  not NUM2INT.
-
-Fri Oct 15 00:22:30 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (Init_Regexp): super class of the MatchingData, which was
-	  Data, to be Object.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): evaluate required libraries before load &
-	  compiling the script.
-
-	* parse.y (lex_getline): retrieve a line from the stream, saving
-	  lines in the table in debug mode.
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): treat the case ruby_sourcefile is null.
-
-Thu Oct 14 02:00:10 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (string): compile time string concatenation.
-
-Wed Oct 13 07:28:09 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb: 1.0.2
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb: new method Session#set_pipe.
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb: add RD documentation.
-
-Wed Oct 13 02:17:05 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_plus): remove recursion.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang): detect modify attempt.
-
-Wed Oct 13 02:17:05 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): should copy block to prevent modifications.
-	  tag in the structure should be updated from latest prot_tag.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_s_new): tag in struct BLOCK should not point into
-	  unused stack.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_glob): iterate over generated matching filenames if
-	  the block is given to the method.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_at): new methods; at, first, last.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_fetch): raises exception unless the default
-	  value is supplied.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_s_create): need not remove nil from value.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_aset): setting value to nil does not remove key
-	  anymore.
-
-Tue Oct 12 22:29:04 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_read): length may be 0 or negative.
-
-Tue Oct 12 13:26:27 1999  Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino  <itojun@itojun.org>
-
-	* signal.c (posix_signal): RETSIGTYPE may be void.
-
-Tue Oct 12 03:28:03 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_delete_at): allows negative position.
-
-Mon Oct 11 17:42:25 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_intern): should generate distinct ID_ATTRSET symbols
-	  for the name with multiple `='s at the end.
-
-	* Makefile.in (CPPFLAGS): separate cpp flags from CFLAGS.
-
-Mon Oct 11 07:27:05 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should not execute the `else' clause on the
-	  case the exceptions are handled by the `rescue' clause.
-
-	* signal.c (Init_signal): ignore SIGPIPE by default.
-
-Wed Oct  6 17:13:19 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (addpath): rubylib_mangled_path() modified.
-
-Mon Oct  4 12:42:32 1999  Kazuhiko Izawa  <izawa@erec.che.tohoku.ac.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): % in printf format should be %%.
-
-Mon Oct  4 10:01:40 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_obj_instance_variables): should always return
-	  array for all object can have instance variables now.
-
-Mon Oct  4 00:08:34 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (OFF16): need to adjust pointer address to pack/unpack on
-	  64bit machines.
-
-Sun Oct 03 03:05:59 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_arg): mktime y2k problem.
-
-Sun Sep 26 16:54:45 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): `\r' handling for here documents.
-
-Wed Sep 22 09:20:11 1999  Masahiro Tomita  <tommy@tmtm.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: SOCKS5 support.
-
-Wed Sep 22 07:33:23 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb: 1.0.1
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: APOP did not work.
-
-	* lib/net/pop.rb: modify the way to make APOP challenge.
-
-Wed Sep 22 00:35:30 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_include): should return boolean value.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): wrong comparison with mbc.
-
-	* eval.c (specific_eval): default sourcefile name should be
-	  "(eval)" for module_eval etc.
-
-Wed Sep 22 00:06:07 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/Makefile: update rules.
-
-	* io.c (io_fread): should not assign in char, it maybe -1.
-
-Tue Sep 21 23:57:54 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): should not propagate retval in
-	  trace_func. 
-
-Mon Sep 20 21:35:39 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myselect): assume non socket files are always
-	  readable/writable.
-
-Mon Sep 20 01:08:02 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_fread): should not block other threads.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_synchronized): renamed from rb_io_unbuffered(); do
-	  not call setbuf(NULL) anymore.
-
-Sat Sep 18 13:45:43 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* stable version 1.4.2 released.
-
-Fri Sep 17 23:24:17 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_missing): dumped core if no argument given.
-
-Fri Sep 17 23:21:06 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (myselect): translate WSAEINTR, WSAENOTSOCK into
-	  UNIX errno constants.
-
-Fri Sep 17 00:52:27 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): assignable() may return 0.
-
-Thu Sep 16 20:46:23 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): was doubly evaluating the return expression.
-
-Thu Sep 16 18:40:08 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* stable version 1.4.1 released.
-
-Thu Sep 16 11:33:22 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_match): should return nil.
-
-Wed Sep 15 22:46:37 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_quote): should quote `-' too.
-
-Tue Sep 14 15:23:22 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nakada@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): no need to ignore `\r' here.
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): strip `\r' from text.
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): support `__END__\r\n' type terminator.
-
-Mon Sep 13 10:49:19 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): needless RTEST(ruby_verbose) removed.
-
-Mon Sep 13 09:10:11 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/net/session.rb, smtp.rb, pop.rb: 1.0.0
-
-Wed Sep  8 11:37:38 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): bit more strict comparison.
-
-Tue Sep  7 00:50:56 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* range.c (range_each): use rb_str_upto() for strings.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_upto): set upper limit by comparing curr <= end.
-
-	* range.c (range_each): should check equality to handle magic
-	  increment.
-
-Mon Sep  6 22:43:33 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): break/next/redo available within -n/-p loop.
-
-Fri Sep  3 11:14:31 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* compar.c (cmp_equal): should not raise exception; protect by
-	  rb_rescue().
-
-Thu Sep  2 05:23:05 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): use dirsep, instead of character
-	  literal '/'.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): reduce multiple dirsep at the top.
-
-Wed Sep  1 00:28:27 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): call rb_undefined() if a method appears not to
-	  be exist explicitly from cache.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_method_boundp): check method cache before calling
-	  rb_get_method_body().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_get_method_body): store method non-existence
-	  information in the cache.
-
-	* random.c (rb_f_srand): use getpid(2) to generate seed.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): do not apply partial mbc match for
-	  charset_not.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): put extended literal prefix (0xff)
-	  only before numeric literals, not before all >0x80 char.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): put numeric literal in extended
-	  charset region, not normal charset bits.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): calculate fastmap for charset and
-	  charset_not to treat numeric literal (e.g. \246) specially.
-
-Fri Aug 28 17:32:55 1999  Yasuhiro Fukuma  <yasuf@big.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): should set return value (nil) explicitly if a
-	  value is omitted for return statement.
-
-Sun Aug 26 20:26:40 2001  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c: restore terminal mode
-	  even if readline() interrupted.
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c: returned string need to
-	  be tainted.
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c: fixed memory leak.
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c: allow negative index.
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c: added Readline::HISTORY.size
-	  same as Readline::HISTORY.length
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c: allow conditional parsing
-	  of the ~/.inputrc file by `$if Ruby'.
-
-	* ext/readline/extconf.rb: check whether the
-	  libreadline has the variable `rl_completion_append_character'
-	  (this feature was implemented from GNU readline 2.1).
-
-Thu Aug 26 15:06:11 1999  Masaki Fukushima  <fukusima@goto.info.waseda.ac.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): local variables may be placed beyond stack_end, so
-	  use an address from alloca(1) on non C_ALLOCA platforms.
-
-Thu Aug 26 01:24:17 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): "%%" is legal, but "%3.14%" is not.
-
-Mon Aug 23 00:00:54 1999  Tsukada Takuya  <tsukada@fminn.nagano.nagano.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): wrong macro caused memory leak.
-
-Sat Aug 21 11:30:51 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (ADJ): should not adjust addresses to data on heap.
-
-Fri Aug 20 20:50:58 1999  Kenji Nagasawa  <kenn@hma.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* defines.h (PATH_SEP): path separator is ";" for OS/2.
-
-Thu Aug 19 10:50:43 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc): add volatile to avoid GCC optimize bug(?).
-
-Wed Aug 18 23:48:10 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* due to disk trouble, some change records were lost.  several
-	  modification made to eval.c, gc.c, io.c, pack.c,
-	  ext/extmk.rb.in, and lib/mkmf.rb.
-
-Fri Aug 13 15:41:39 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* stable version 1.4.0 released.
-
-Fri Aug 13 03:16:07 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (argf_forward): since $stdout may be non-IO, ARGF.file is
-	  not guaranteed to be IO.  check and forwarding added to every ARGF
-	  method.
-
-	* io.c (set_outfile): $stdout/$stderr may not be IO now.
-
-	* io.c (set_stdin): $stdin may not be IO now.
-
-	* range.c (rb_range_beg_len): round `end' to length as documented.
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): preserve original stdin/stdout/stderr.
-
-Thu Aug 12 13:44:33 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (Init_load): require receives 1 argument.
-
-	* eval.c (frame_dup): should clear tmp to avoid dangling
-	  references.
-
-Wed Aug 11 13:33:13 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): no automatic aggregate initialization.
-
-	* eval.c (module_setup): ditto.
-
-Wed Aug 11 18:18:41 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* eval.c (yield_under_i): automatic aggregate initialization is an
-	  ANSI feature.
-
-Wed Aug 11 10:10:02 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): parse `[].length==0' as `([].length)==0', not
-	  `([].length=)=0'
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): parse `[].length!=0' as `([].length)!=0', not
-	  `([].length!)=0'
-
-	* parse.y (peek): peek-in lexical buffer.
-
-Wed Aug 11 00:34:05 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): bug on backward jump adjustment concerning
-	  stop_paren.
-
-Tue Aug 10 14:54:25 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/nkf/nkf.c (rb_nkf_guess): binary detection was wrong.
-
-Tue Aug 10 00:07:36 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_clone): should use CLONESETUP().
-
-Mon Aug  9 23:57:07 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h (CLONESETUP): should have copied generic instance
-	  variables too.
-
-Mon Aug  9 10:46:54 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: add check for <arpa/nameser.h> and
-	  <resolv.h>.
-
-Sat Aug  7 13:19:06 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_cmp): comparing NaN should not return value.
-	  raises FloatDomainError.
-
-Sat Aug  7 03:09:08 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (blk_free): free copied frames too.
-
-	* eval.c (frame_dup): should copy previous frames from stack to
-	  heap to preserve frame information.
-
-Fri Aug  6 15:01:07 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.3.7 - version 1.4 beta
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (s_recv): UDPsocket#recvfrom now returns
-	  IPsocket#addr information.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_subary): ary[-3,3] should not return nil.
-
-Thu Aug  5 10:58:01 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thread_mark): protect old ruby_frame from GC during it
-	  replaced by eval().
-
-	* eval.c (eval): do not modify frame.prev; binding should preserve
-	  information about calling() too.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): no arity check for mere yield; but only for
-	  Proc#call.
-
-Tue Aug  3 22:07:13 1999  Kazuhiro HIWADA  <hiwada@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_clone): should check if iv_tbl, m_tbl are
-	  initialized.
-
-Tue Aug  3 19:03:02 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_any_cmp): use rb_with_disable_interrupt() to ensure
-	  clearance of rb_prohibit_interrupt even on failure.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_with_disable_interrupt): new function added.
-
-Sat Jul 31 23:23:44 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_create_0): set THREAD_RAISED flag on thread
-	  termination by exception.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): `$!' may not be nil for the threads
-	  created in rescue clause.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_status): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): should re-raise exception for already
-	  dead threads too.
-
-Fri Jul 30 17:56:54 1999  GOTO Kentaro  <gotoken@math.sci.hokudai.ac.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_ge): wrong comparison.
-
-Fri Jul 30 12:15:44 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/extconf.rb: win32 support.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: use append_library().
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: ditto.
-
-Fri Jul 30 02:11:48 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_delete): should return nil for deleting non
-	  existing item.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close): call rb_sys_wait() on explicit close.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fptr_close): do not call rb_sys_wait() on finalize.
-
-	* eval.c (yield_under_i): cbase context should be maintained for
-	  Module#module_eval().  suggested by <inaba@st.rim.or.jp>.
-
-Wed Jul 28 01:18:28 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* Makefile.in: add -I$(hdrdir)/lib to install using ftools.
-
-	* util.c: use HAVE_FCNTL_H, not HAVE_FCNTL
-
-Wed Jul 28 18:24:45 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.3.6 - version 1.4 alpha
-
-Tue Jul 27 09:38:08 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): reduce recursive rb_eval() calls by
-	  NODE_BLOCKs. 
-
-Tue Jul 27 01:20:40 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_expand_path): drive letter patch.
-
-Mon Jul 26 02:36:31 1999  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): should clear ruby_nerr.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): oldbt should not be empty to unshift.
-
-Sun Jul 25 12:09:16 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (push_braces): should treat nested braces.
-
-Fri Jul 23 02:49:49 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_clear): dummy argument added; suggested by
-	  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>.  thanks.
-
-Thu Jul 22 19:37:22 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): get_backtrace() may return Qnil.
-	  typecheck added.
-
-Tue Jul 20 14:36:43 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* range.c (range_each): do not treat String specially (for future
-	  override).
-
-Tue Jul 20 02:28:34 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_gets): $_ should be nil, when get returns nil.
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_gets): ditto.
-
-Mon Jul 19 17:13:09 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): should continue fastmap compile
-	  for anychar_repeat, for it's repeat anyway.
-
-Mon Jul 26 13:33:45 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/jcode.rb: replaced by faster code.
-
-Mon Jul 19 01:57:28 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: no longer use install program.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: use miniruby to install programs.
-
-Sat Jul 17 00:06:21 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ipaddr): don't do reverse lookup if
-	  attribute do_not_reverse_lookup is set for socket classes.
-	  Experimental.  Note this is a global attribute.
-
-Fri Jul 16 22:18:29 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_eof): use feof() to check EOF already met.
-
-	* io.c (read_all): should return nil at EOF.
-
-Fri Jul 16 13:39:42 1999  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/telnet.rb: version 0.231.
-
-Fri Jul 16 10:58:22 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): debug print removed.
-
-Fri Jul 16 09:58:15 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* many files: clean up unused variables found by gcc -Wall.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: better cygwin support etc.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: ditto.
-
-	* instruby.rb: ditto.
-
-Fri Jul 16 01:37:50 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_squeeze_bang): the type of local variable `c'
-	  should be int, not char.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_reverse): should always return copy.
-
-Thu Jul 15 23:25:57 1999  NAKAMURA Hiroshi  <nakahiro@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/debug.rb: better display & frame treatment.
-
-Thu Jul 15 21:16:41 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_each): returns self for normal termination;
-	  returns nil for break.
-
-	* string.c: non bang methods (e.g. String#sub) should always
-	  return copy of the receiver.
-
-Thu Jul 15 21:09:15 1999  Masaki Fukushima  <fukusima@goto.info.waseda.ac.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (find_file): do not add empty string to the path.
-
-	* configure.in (with-search-path): should not add empty string if
-	  the option is not supplied.
-
-Thu Jul 15 17:49:08 1999  Ryo HAYASAKA  <hayasaka@univ21.u-aizu.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c: move `#include "ruby.h"' forward.
-
-Thu Jul 15 16:54:16 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.3.5 - version 1.4 alpha
-
-Wed Jul 14 23:45:33 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_init): initialize for the first time only.
-
-Tue Jul 13 00:15:19 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_index): re-defined; method to retrieve a key
-	  from the value.
-
-	* hash.c (Init_Hash): member? should be re-defined for Hash.
-
-Tue Jul 12 13:54:51 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_file_sysopen): wrong number of argument.
-
-Mon Jul 12 11:52:35 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_missing): class name included in message.
-
-	* eval.c (print_undef): better error message.
-
-Sun Jul 11 05:36:17 1999  NAKAMURA, Hiroshi  <nakahiro@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/debug.rb: patch to show proper position.
-
-Fri Jul  9 23:56:14 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_find_1): path conv. moved to conv_to_posix_path.
-
-	* dln.c (conv_to_posix_path): path conv. should be done.
-
-Fri Jul  9 10:26:47 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* random.c (RANDOM_NUMBER): should place parentheses.
-
-Fri Jul  8 11:00:51 1999  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_div): division may be out of fixnum range.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivmod): proper sign calculation to result.
-
-Wed Jul  7 18:27:41 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* st.c (st_delete_safe): was modifying wrong slot.
-
-Mon Jul  5 13:17:46 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_call_finalizer_at_exit): close all files at exit.
-
-Fri Jul  2 18:00:21 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/Mail/README: Mail-0.3.0 added to the distribution.
-
-Fri Jul  2 01:45:32 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): avoid allocation of register
-	  variables for each invocation of re_match().  Suggested by
-	  Zasukhin Ruslan <ruslan@paradigmasoft.com>.  Thanks.
-
-Tue Jun 29 20:39:24 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/tk/lib/tk.rb (TkVariable): bug fix; should value type check
-	  be added?
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_each_line): a bug in paragraph mode.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): shifted too much to skip #!.
-
-Tue Jun 29 06:50:21 1999  Wakou Aoyama  <wakou@fsinet.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/CGI.rb: 0.30 - cleanup release, incompatible.
-
-	* lib/telnet.rb: 0.22 - timeout added.
-
-Tue Jun 29 10:49:25 1999  SHIROYAMA Takayuki  <psi@fortune.nest.or.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: better Rhapsody support.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: Rhapsody/NEXTSTEP support.
-
-Tue Jun 29 01:42:13 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c (chld_changed): should use POSIX.1 style wait.
-
-Mon Jun 28 21:07:36 1999  KIMURA Koichi  <kbk@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.nt: wrong result for have_library().
-
-Mon Jun 28 15:24:05 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* missing/isinf.c: OSF/1 raises SIGFPE on one()/zero().
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): should search til EOS, for patterns may
-	  match beyond the end of range.
-
-Mon Jun 28 12:49:12 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_select): should not accept Time objects as an
-	  argument for it is time interval.
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_sleep): ditto.
-
-	* file.c (test_s): should return nil for false condition.
-
-Mon Jun 28 12:23:52 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_dbl2big): typo.
-
-	* file.c (rb_f_test): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_crypt): wrong message.
-
-Sun Jun 27 19:50:11 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_exit): should have treat signed integer status, not
-	  VALUE.
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_exit_bang): should work like exit().
-
-Sun Jun 27 16:21:32 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rindex): wrong position to search.
-
-Sat Jun 26 04:05:30 1999  Takaaki Tateishi  <ttate@jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* configure.in (configure_args): --with-search-path to specify
-	  additional ruby search path.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): additional search path.
-
-Fri Jun 25 13:09:12 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): needed to initialize natint.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): add start_paren to avoid too much
-	  finalization on maybe_finalize_jump.
-
-Fri Jun 25 13:07:20 1999  Koji Oda  <oda@bsd1.qnes.nec.co.jp>
-
-	* missing/isinf.c: include "config.h" added.
-
-Fri Jun 25 07:25:05 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: initialize $(topdir).
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (install_rb): install lib/*.rb properly.
-
-	* configure.in (linux): specifies -rpath on --enable-shared.
-
-	* configure.in (aix): ruby.imp must reside in $(topdir).
-
-Thu Jun 24 19:11:29 1999  Yoshida Masato  <yoshidam@yoshidam.net>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_str_extend): multi-byte identifier in expression
-	  interpolation in strings.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): support multi-byte char identifiers.
-
-Thu Jun 24 15:27:13 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (f_arg): check duplicate argument names.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): marking wrong member for NODE_ARGS.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rindex): POSITION specifies start point, not
-	  end point.
-
-Thu Jun 24 13:00:17 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (print_mbc): wrong boundary.
-
-	* pack.c (uv_to_utf8): raises ArgError for too big value.
-
-Thu Jun 24 11:02:51 1999  Yoshida Masato  <yoshidam@yoshidam.net>
-
-	* pack.c (uv_to_utf8): mask needed.
-
-Wed Jun 23 21:03:56 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h (struct RFile): remove iv_tbl from struct. instance
-	  variables are handled as generic ivs.
-
-Wed Jun 23 22:06:26 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (utf8_to_uv): pack to 7 bytes sequence.
-
-	* pack.c (uv_to_utf8): wrong boundary.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): should treat as unsigned long.
-
-Wed Jun 23 15:10:11 1999  Inaba Hiroto  <inaba@sdd.tokyo-sc.toshiba.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_string): failed to parse nested braces.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): nested braces within #{} available.
-
-Wed Jun 23 11:18:38 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (slow_search): wrong shift width for mbcs.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_save_context): should not clear th->locals.
-
-Wed Jun 23 02:06:14 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): UMINUS binds too tight with digits. changed so
-	  that -2**2 => -4.
-
-	* parse.y (close_paren): `do' for expr termination now works it
-	  used to be.
-
-Wed Jun 22 18:26:42 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): should initialize local variable `j'.
-
-Wed Jun 22 15:24:59 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): a bug for multiline heredoc.
-
-Tue Jun 22 15:06:36 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ruby_socket): forgot to return fd
-	  explicitly.
-
-Tue Jun 22 13:34:12 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* rubyio.h (MakeOpenFile): should initialize member `iv_tbl'.
-
-Wed Jun 22 10:35:51 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_gets_internal): getc(3) may not set errno on
-	  interrupt.
-
-Mon Jun 21 22:39:28 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (call_required_libraries): ruby_sourceline should be
-	  cleared before loading libraries.
-
-	* io.c (set_stdin): do not use reopen(), so that we don't need to
-	  dup original stdin before assigning $stdin.
-
-Mon Jun 21 18:04:27 1999  Ryo HAYASAKA  <hayasaka@univ21.u-aizu.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c: include <cdefs.h> for solaris 2.6.
-
-Mon Jun 21 15:59:47 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu.nokada@softhome.net>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ip_addrsetup): forgot to put `else'.
-
-Mon Jun 21 15:38:37 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (fptr_finalize): remove rb_syswait() invocation to avoid
-	  wait4(2) within GC.  rb_syswait() moved to rb_io_fptr_close().
-
-Mon Jun 21 12:05:59 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_glob): remove MAXPATHLEN restriction.
-
-	* ext/md5/md5init.c (md5_hexdigest): should have used "%02x".
-
-Sun Jun 20 19:50:38 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_each_line): should have checked string
-	  boundary.
-
-Sat Jun 19 22:24:12 1999  Kenji Nagasawa  <kenn@hma.att.ne.jp>
-
-	* OS/2 patch improved.
-
-Fri Jun 18 08:30:17 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_byte): add data length check.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (_timer_for_tcl): was doing busy-wait.
-
-Tue Jun 15 10:01:21 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: remove trailing slash from interpreter embedded
-	  shared library path.
-
-	* configure.in (INSTALL_DLLIB): install shared lib with 0555.
-
-	* instruby.rb: changed mode for shared library into 0555.
-
-Fri Jun 11 23:27:00 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/etc/etc.c (etc_passwd): should return nil, not exception for
-	  call after last passwd entry.
-
-Fri Jun 11 15:21:21 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark_locations): add safety margin 1.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): should protect toplevel node tree.
-
-	* ext/etc/etc.c (etc_group): dumps core if there's no more group.
-
-Fri Jun 11 01:50:25 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): Init_stack() was called too late; local
-	  variables happened to be higher (or lower) than stack_start.
-
-Thu Jun 10 16:41:48 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c: do not call `initialize' for IO objects.  So with Array,
-	  Hash, Range, and Time objects.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (curses_getch): made thread aware using
-	  rb_read_check().
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (window_getch): ditto.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (curses_getstr): made (partially) thread
-	  aware using rb_read_check().
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (window_getstr): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (rb_read_check): new function to help making something
-	  (like extension libraries) thread aware.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): `defined? super' should be true even for
-	  private superclass methods.
-
-Fri Jun 10 13:42:10 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): template `Z' should be allowed.
-
-Wed Jun  9 13:26:38 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_loading): modified to avoid nested race
-	  condition of require().
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (ip_invoke): queue invocation on non
-	  main threads.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (lib_mainloop): flush invocation
-	  queues periodically.
-
-	* version.c (ruby_show_version): now print the message to stdout.
-
-	* version.c (ruby_show_copyright): ditto.
-
-Tue Jun  8 00:00:34 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): append sentinel (NUL) to the string.
-
-	* ext/md5/md5init.c (md5_hexdigest): new method to obtain
-	  printable hash string.
-
-	* ext/md5/md5init.c (md5_update): should return self.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): undocumented template 'U' for UTF8.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): ditto.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_byte): should replace getc() with rb_getc().
-
-	* io.c (rb_getc): getc() replacement uses READ_DATA_PENDING() and
-	  rb_thread_wait_fd().
-
-Mon Jun  7 23:23:38 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_mod_clone): should call CLOSESETUP().
-
-	* eval.c (bind_clone): should call CLONESETUP() for new clone.
-
-Sat Jun  5 10:32:40 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_oct): binary (e.g. 0b10111) support.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_set): raise warning, not exception.
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): initialize parser internal variables.
-
-	* parse.y (close_paren): set lex_state to EXPR_PAREN after closing
-	  parenthesis.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): returns kDO for `do' right after method_call.
-
-Thu Jun  3 11:05:30 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (read_backslash): should decode \b within class.
-
-Thu Jun  3 01:06:18 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): AIX improvement (aix_findmain removed).
-
-Wed Jun  2 00:41:31 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): new undocumented template Z which strips
-	  stuff after first null.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): should preserve specified length of the
-	  resulting string.
-
-Tue Jun  1 15:29:33 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ruby_socket): retry after GC, if socket(2)
-	  failed on EMFILE or ENFILE.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_socketpair): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (module_setup): need to add PUSH_VAR/POP_VAR to clear
-	  dyna vars link list.
-
-	* version.h (RUBY_RELEASE_CODE): integer macro constant for source
-	  version detection.
-
-Sun May 30 22:19:12 1999  Kenji Nagasawa  <kenn@tcp-ip.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: emx/gcc 0.9d now fixes things about
-	  AF_UNIX.
-
-	* process.c: OS/2 EMX kludge.
-
-	* Makefile.in (strncasecmp.o): added dependency.
-
-Mon May 31 16:06:28 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.3.4 - preliminary release for 1.4
-
-Mon May 31 15:57:41 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fptr_close): close on IO which main_thread is
-	  waiting cause serious exception, that vanishes the actual fd
-	  closing.  Invocation of rb_thread_fd_close() is deferred
-	  a little.
-
-Sat May 29 18:27:13 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): stack boundary check needed.
-
-Sat May 29 12:27:00 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (ip_invoke): proper ref count management
-	  to avoid leak.  I HATE REF COUNTING!!
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): moved ruby_require_libraries() to handle `-r'
-	  from ruby_options() to avoid stack corruption for threads
-	  created in libraries.
-
-Sat May 29 02:22:12 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): when `for' appeared in blocks, it
-	  introduced new scope for local variables.
-
-Fri May 28 17:16:49 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_squeeze_bang): squeeze AND of the arguments.
-	  UNDOCUMENTED.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_count): new UNDOCUMENTED method.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_delete_bang): delete AND of the arg ranges.
-	  UNDOCUMENTED FEATURE for 1.3.x.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (setipaddr): re-wrote using ip_addrsetup().
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (ip_addrsetup): decode symbolic address
-	  <broadcast>.
-
-Thu May 27 12:27:42 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (tr_trans): should handle NUL (\0) within strings.
-
-Tue May 25 16:45:11 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_syscall): syscall may return values other than zero
-	  on success.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): handle empty loop properly (hopefully).
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): remove empty group check, because it does
-	  not help non-grouping parentheses (?:..).
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): treating try_next, finalize_push
-	  wrong way.
-
-	* regex.c: remove some obsolete functions such as
-	  group_match_null_string_p().
-
-Mon May 24 14:47:54 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (read_backslash): read backslash by regex.
-
-Sun May 23 19:44:58 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c (getDevice): portability patch.
-
-Fri May 21 23:01:26 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c (GET_AI): should set error code.
-
-Thu May 20 03:43:44 1999  Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino  <itojun@itojun.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: you should use sockaddr_storage to handle
-	  IPv6 addresses.
-
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c (getaddrinfo): prevent retrieving
-	  AF_INET6 address if hints.ai_flags == AI_PASSIVE.
-
-Wed May 19 12:27:07 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (exec_end_proc): should protect exceptions.
-
-	* gc.c (run_final): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (f_rest_arg): allow just * for rest arg.
-
-	* parse.y (mlhs_basic): allow * without formal argument.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): the variable `part' should be initialized.
-
-Tue May 18 15:25:45 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): a bug in range adjustment.
-
-Tue May 18 11:35:59 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (conv_to_posix_path): path_len argument added.
-
-Mon May 17 12:26:31 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_rev): should treat Fixnum as signed long.
-
-	* eval.c (massign): add strict number check for yield (and call).
-
-	* eval.c (proc_arity): new method to return number of arguments.
-
-	* eval.c (method_arity): new method to return number of arguments.
-
-	* parse.y (read_escape): char may be unsigned.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_succ): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (tr_trans): ditto.
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): methods `&', `|', `^' are added to nil.
-
-	* range.c (rb_range_beg_len): it should be OK for [0..-len-1].
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): search for byte literal within mbcs.
-
-	* regex.c (is_in_list): parsh
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): should have not alter the loop
-	  variable `j' if TRASLATE_P().
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): escaped characters should be read
-	  by PATFETCH_RAW(c).
-
-Sat May 15 11:23:51 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): endline2 (\Z) should not match at the point
-	  between a newline and end-of-line, like endline ($).
-
-	* class.c (include_class_new): should initialize iv_tbl to share
-	  between module and iclass.
-
-Fri May 14 08:50:27 1999  Akira Endo  <akendo@t3.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): it should be k != 0 to skip.
-
-Fri May 14 12:46:56 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_load): a bug in old marshal format support.
-
-	* instruby.rb: make site_ruby directory.
-
-Fri May 14 10:18:02 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): a bug in inline `.*' etc.
-
-Fri May 14 09:58:46 1999  Minero Aoki  <aamine@dp.u-netsurf.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (addpath): should have specified string length.
-
-Thu May 13 10:40:44 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_string_wrap): new function.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): POSIX line match should alter
-	  behavior for `^' and `$' to begbuf and endbuf2 respectively.
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c: un-ANSI-fy function arguments.
-
-Wed May 12 14:19:38 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (iv_get): in case of inheritance of generated struct
-	  class, __member__ and __size__ should also be inherited.
-	  Thanks for Pros Yeboah <yeboah@tu-harburg.de>.
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_gets_internal): should check number of arguments
-	  before checking rb_rs == rb_default_rs.  Thanks for Koji Arai
-	  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>.
-
-Tue May 11 08:29:28 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): .?, .+ did not work.
-
-Mon May 10 00:59:33 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/jcode.rb: forgot to squeeze on reverse (complement) case.
-
-	* string.c (tr_squeeze): should not set modify flag to be honest,
-	  if the string is not modified.
-
-	* signal.c (Init_signal): SIGTERM should not be handled.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): seeking for longest match is now optional,
-	  which can be set using RE_OPTION_POSIXMATCH.  This satisfies
-	  POSIX longest match as much as Emacs's posix-* functions, which
-	  are known to be incomplete.
-
-Sun May  9 13:04:01 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_getaddrinfo): conversion from
-	  Fixnums to C integers needed.
-
-Sun May  9 11:51:43 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* range.c (range_eqq): reverse condition.
-
-	* range.c (range_s_new): default should be end inclusive.
-
-Sat May  8 03:27:51 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (thread_connect): replace nasty
-	  rb_thread_fd_writable() with rb_thread_select().
-
-Fri May  7 20:49:00 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c (inet_pton): wrong parameter to
-	  inet_aton().
-
-	* ext/socket/addrinfo.h (__P): silly cut and paste typo.
-
-Fri May  7 17:03:57 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (glob): removed GPL'ed glob.c completely.
-
-Fri May  7 08:17:19 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/sdbm/extconf.rb: sdbm extension added to the distribution.
-
-Fri May  7 01:42:20 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (tcp_s_gethostbyname): avoid using struct
-	  sockaddr_storage.
-
-Thu May  6 13:21:41 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_indexes): should not use rb_ary_concat().
-
-Thu May  4 12:34:18 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_string): there should be newline escape by
-	  backslashes in strings.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_qstring): ditto.
-
-Mon May  3 04:37:20 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/extconf.rb: better search for libX11.
-
-	* range.c (range_s_new): embarrassing =/== typo.
-
-	* re.c (Init_Regexp): failed to set default kcode.
-
-Mon May  3 02:39:55 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (open_inet): typo (res and res0).
-
-Tue May  4 02:07:49 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: leave undefined $(VARIABLE) unexpanded in the
-	  Config::CONFIG hash table.
-
-Mon May  3 09:37:22 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): expand exactn{n} at compile time.
-	  handles stop_paren specially.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): expand x{n} at compile time.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): posix line match should be checked.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): a bug in anchor condition.
-
-Fri Apr 30 18:57:41 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.3.3
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_rindex): position should be END point, not
-	  START point.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): pos means end point on reverse now.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_s_create): should clear ary->ptr to avoid
-	  potential gc crash.
-
-Fri Apr 30 15:24:58 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/addrinfo.h: compatibility hack for ipv4.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: itojun's ipv6 patches applied.
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: detect ipv6 features based on itojun's
-	  ipv6 patches.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (enable_config): can handle --enable-xxx now.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (enable_config): ditto.
-
-Fri Apr 30 05:22:23 1999  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_aset): last index should not append.
-
-Thu Apr 29 18:55:31 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (conv_to_posix_path): remove const from args.
-
-	* ruby.c (rubylib_mangle): remove Fatal(), the obsolete function.
-
-Tue Apr 27 14:11:45 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (fname): lazy workaround for keywords did not work well.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: `--with-xxx=yyy' argument configuration.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el: forgot to handle $`.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: better AIX link support proposed by
-	  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>.
-
-Mon Apr 26 16:46:59 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: AIX shared library support modified.
-
-	* ext/aix_mksym.rb: ditto.
-
-	* configure.in: ditto.
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): should allocate proper sized buffer
-	  for float numbers.
-
-Sat Apr 24 00:00:16 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (operation): syntax like `a.[]=(1,2)' is allowed.
-
-Fri Apr 23 23:54:09 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (argf_binmode): binmode method added to ARGF.
-
-Fri Apr 23 13:55:22 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_f_chomp): should assign the result to $_.  or maybe
-	  sub/gsub/chop/chomp should NOT assign $_ altogether.
-
-Thu Apr 22 16:50:54 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_callcc): call scope_dup() for all scopes in
-	  the interpreter stack.
-
-Tue Apr 20 11:24:18 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dump): `#' should be escaped.
-
-Tue Apr 20 02:32:42 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): option /p for posix match added.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_desc): did not print options properly.
-
-	* io.c (rb_file_s_open): initialize was called twice.
-
-Mon Apr 19 18:56:21 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* configure.in (DEFAULT_KCODE): can specify default code for
-	  $KCODE by --with-default-kcode=(euc|sjis|utf8|none).
-
-	* regex.c (IS_A_LETTER): a byte sequence shorter than mbc should
-	  not match with \w etc.
-
-Mon Apr 19 13:49:11 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (eval): should restore ruby_dyna_vars.
-
-Fri Apr 16 21:40:43 1999  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <gea02117@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (f_backquote): pipe_open may return nil.
-
-	* io.c (f_open): rb_io_open may return nil.
-
-	* io.c (io_s_foreach): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (io_s_readlines): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (io_defset): wrong message.
-
-Fri Apr 16 15:09:20 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_str2inum): strtoul() returns long, not int.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): size of VALUE and ID may be different.
-
-	* util.c (mmprepare): int is too small to cast from pointers.
-
-	* config.guess: avoid 'linux-gnu' for alpha-unknown-linux.
-
-Thu Apr 15 23:46:20 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (rubylib_mangle): mangle path by RUBYLIB_PREFIX.
-
-Wed Apr 14 23:52:51 1999  SHIROYAMA Takayuki  <psi@fortune.nest.or.jp>
-
-	* node.h (NODE_LMASK): should be long to avoid overflow.
-
-Wed Apr 14 13:14:35 1999  Katsuyuki Komatsu  <komatsu@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* dln.c: AIX dynamic link.
-
-	* ext/aix_ld.rb: ditto.
-
-Wed Apr 14 12:19:09 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/thread.rb: Queue#{enq,deq} added.
-
-Tue Apr 13 17:43:56 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_s_create): Hash::[] acts more like casting.
-
-Tue Apr 13 00:33:52 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_stdio_set): warning for assignment to the variables
-	  $std{in,out,err}.
-
-Mon Apr 12 23:12:32 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): check for reopening same IO.
-
-Fri Apr  9 17:45:11 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_compile_string): bug for nested eval().
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): should pop non-greedy stack items on
-	  failure, after best_regs are fixed.
-
-Thu Apr  8 17:30:40 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (PACK_LENGTH_ADJUST): need to adjust for `*' length.
-
-Tue Apr  6 23:28:44 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (void_check): add void context checks.
-
-Mon Apr  5 12:23:42 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_s_at): should copy gmt-mode.
-
-	* eval.c (eval_node): preserve ruby_eval_tree.
-
-Fri Apr  2 14:00:34 1999  NAKAMURA, Hiroshi  <nakahiro@sarion.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/debug.rb: wrong command interpreting.
-
-Fri Apr  2 11:46:22 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.3.2
-
-Fri Apr  2 10:40:04 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_pipe): forgot to define IO::pipe.
-
-Thu Apr  1 14:40:46 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (assign): modified for rhs change.
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): unparenthesisized method calls can be right hand
-	  side expression of the assignment.
-
-Sat Mar 27 22:42:47 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/nkf/nkf.c (rb_nkf_kconv): check size output_ctr before
-	  decrement.
-
-Thu Mar 25 09:11:03 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_s_at): preserve gmt-mode for result.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_compile_string): do not use cur_mid, use
-	  compile_for_eval instead.
-
-	* st.c (PTR_NOT_EQUAL): wrong logical condition.
-
-Wed Mar 24 13:06:43 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): should clear cur_mid after compilation.
-
-	* io.c (next_argv): need to check type for ARGV.shift.
-
-	* eval.c (blk_copy_prev): need to preserve outer scope as well as
-	  outer frames.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_compile_string): return can appear within eval().
-
-Tue Mar 23 10:15:07 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: AC_C_CONST check added.
-
-Tue Mar 23 02:07:35 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): preserve gmt-mode for result.
-
-Mon Mar 22 01:32:37 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): adjust line numbers before expression
-	  interpolation within strings.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): defined? returns nil for false condition.
-
-	* numeric.c (num_nonzero_p): returns nil for false condition.
-
-Sat Mar 20 13:07:43 1999  Keiju Ishitsuka  <keiju@rational.com>
-
-	* lib/weakref.rb: avoid leak for two weakrefs for one object.
-
-Fri Mar 19 11:26:45 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): needed to eval END{} on exit.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_exit): ditto.
-
-Fri Mar 19 02:17:27 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* signal.c (Init_signal): handles terminating signals HUP, TERM,
-	  QUIT, PIPE, etc.
-
-Thu Mar 18 15:47:18 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_and): bug in sign calculation.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_or): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_select): forgot to use to_io to retrieve IO, after
-	  calling select(2).
-
-Tue Mar 16 19:54:31 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: static linking cause infinite make loop.
-
-Tue Mar 16 18:50:04 1999  Yoshida Masato  <yoshidam@yoshidam.net>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (tcp_s_gethostbyname): typo, not NUM2INT(),
-	  but INT2NUM().
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (mkhostent): ditto.
-
-Tue Mar 16 12:31:44 1999  Ryo HAYASAKA  <hayasaka@cheer.u-aizu.ac.jp>
-
-	* file.c (utime_internal): suppress warning by const.
-
-	* time.c (time_gmtime): ditto.
-
-Tue Mar 16 10:23:05 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_clone): Time object can be cloned.
-
-Tue Mar 16 03:13:10 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): argv[argc] should be NULL.
-
-Mon Mar 15 22:12:08 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): typo in arg_num check at exit.
-
-Mon Mar 15 16:42:22 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_dup): dup2 should copy class too.
-
-Mon Mar 15 15:12:53 1999  Yasuhiro Fukuma  <yasuf@big.or.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: install program relative path check.
-
-Mon Mar 15 14:05:25 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_new): 2nd argument is now option.
-	  Regexp::EXTENDED can be specified.
-
-Fri Mar 12 10:47:49 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_index): str.index("") should always match at
-	  offset point.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_upto): can specify end point exclusion.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_index): negative offset.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): begline should not match at the point
-	  between a newline and end-of-string.  endline neither.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): context_indep_anchors .
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): need not to push backslashes before
-	  escaped characters.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): re-raises exception within target.
-
-Fri Mar 12 01:09:36 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c (readline_s_vi_editing_mode): wrong
-	  number of arguments.
-
-Fri Mar 12 02:12:50 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (PACK_ITEM_ADJUST): "a".unpack("C3") => [97, nil, nil]
-
-Thu Mar 11 18:23:50 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (Init_socket): UDPsocket was omitted.
-
-Thu Mar 11 16:43:30 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (PACK_LENGTH_ADJUST): push fixed number of items per
-	  template to result array.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): I/N/C etc. push nil in the array for "".
-
-Tue Mar  9 00:19:21 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (ruby_unsetenv): use ruby_setenv(name, 0).
-
-	* hash.c (env_delete): ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_upto): do not check `beg<end' to generate
-	  strings for the pattern like "a".upto("#a").
-
-	* range.c (range_each): treat strings as special case.
-
-	* range.c (range_each): no longer use upto for generic cases.
-
-Sun Mar  7 14:21:32 1999  IKARASHI Akira  <ikarashi@itlb.te.noda.sut.ac.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_index): wrong end point calculation.
-
-Sat Mar  6 02:19:12 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (match_index): MatchingData#index(n) added.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_subseq): ary[n..-1] returns an sub-array unless
-	  n is too small negative index.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_match_method): Regexp#match(str) added.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_indexes): understands ranges as indexes.
-
-	* re.c (match_size): MatchingData#size added.
-
-Fri Mar  5 01:04:57 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_fill): modified for range.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_aset): a[n..m] revisited.
-
-Thu Mar  4 14:23:29 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_subseq): a[n..m] revisited.
-
-	* parse.y (method_call): allow Const::method{}.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_replace_method): should replace original array.
-
-Thu Mar  4 02:30:22 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: remove --disable-thread, thread feature is no
-	  longer optional.
-
-Thu Mar  4 00:32:17 1999  Yasuhiro Fukuma  <yasuf@big.or.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (read_escape): wrong arguments for scan_oct,scan_hex.
-
-Wed Mar  3 11:51:53 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (Init_socket): rename class names as
-	  TCPsocket -> TCPSocket etc.
-
-Tue Mar  2 19:46:42 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* configure.in (LDSHARED): use gcc -Wl,-G for solaris with gcc.
-
-Tue Mar  2 17:04:19 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): backslashes do not concatenate comment lines
-	  anymore.
-
-Mon Mar  1 14:05:12 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): adjust argv for optional arguments.  super
-	  without arguments emit superclass method with the value from
-	  optional arguments.  enabled as experiment.
-
-Sun Feb 28 14:04:07 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): backslash at the eof cause infinite loop
-
-Sun Feb 28 11:01:26 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): month range check added.
-
-Sat Feb 27 02:36:05 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (Init_Regexp): add escape as alias of quote.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_quote): char-code can be specified now.
-
-Fri Feb 26 18:45:36 1999  Yasuhiro Fukuma  <yasuf@big.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (error_print): bug for error message with newlines.
-
-Fri Feb 26 12:00:04 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): future check modified to allow 1969-12-31
-	  at certain timezone.
-
-	* time.c (time_arg): year >= 1000 should be past.
-
-	* version.c (Init_version): constant RELEASE_DATE added.
-
-Fri Feb 26 01:08:30 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_substr): returns nil for out-of-range access.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_subseq): returns nil for out-of-range access.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_store): negative index message has changed.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_aset): reallocation needed.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_aset): allow char append to the string.
-
-Thu Feb 25 23:30:17 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_load): tm_year should be packed in 17 bits, not 18.
-
-Thu Feb 25 12:50:25 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* missing/dup2.c: replaced by public domain version.
-
-	* time.c (make_time_t): add `future check' in loops.
-
-	* object.c (rb_num2dbl): forbid implicit conversion from nil, or
-	  strings.  thus `Time.now + str' should raise error.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Float): convert nil into 0.0.
-
-	* object.c (rb_Integer): conversion method improved.
-
-Thu Feb 25 03:27:50 1999  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): should handle T_ICLASS properly.
-
-Thu Feb 25 00:04:00 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): global function Exception() removed.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_class2name): returns "nil"/"true"/"false" for them.
-
-	* time.c (time_dump): time marshaling format compressed size from
-	  11 bytes to 8 bytes.  thanx to tadf@kt.rim.or.jp.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_obj_call_init): should specify arguments explicitly.
-
-Wed Feb 24 15:43:28 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): comment concatenation requires preceding space
-	  before backslash at the end of line.
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_pipe): global pipe is obsolete now.
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): remove true.to_i, false.to_i.
-
-Tue Feb 23 14:21:41 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): warn if identifier! immediately followed by `='.
-
-Tue Feb 23 12:32:41 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): tilde expansion moved to find_file.
-
-	* eval.c (find_file): tilde expansion added.
-
-Tue Feb 23 10:50:20 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (require_method): require can handle multiple fnames.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_foreach_iter): hash key may be nil.
-
-Mon Feb 22 17:44:02 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): should not pop failure point on success for
-	  non-greedy matches.
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): remove global_functions getc, readchar, ungetc,
-	  seek, tell, rewind.
-
-Sat Feb 20 22:54:26 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (rb_num2long): no implicit conversion from boolean.
-
-Sat Feb 20 09:58:42 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_to_s): portable Infinity and NaN support.
-
-Sat Feb 20 07:13:31 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* io.c (rb_file_sysopen): forgot to initialize a local variable.
-
-Fri Feb 19 23:05:07 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_subseq): range check changed.
-
-	* marshal.c: increment MARSHAL_MINOR for Time format change.
-
-	* time.c (time_old_load): support old marshal format.
-
-	* time.c (time_load): changed for new format Y/M/D/h/m/s/usec.
-
-	* time.c (time_dump): marshal dump format has changed.
-
-Fri Feb 19 00:25:57 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_arg): should reject "sep\0" and such.
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): Time#+ should not receive Time object
-	  operand.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_substr): negative length raises exception now.
-
-	* array.c (beg_len): if end == -1, it points end of the array.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_subseq): negative length raises exception now.
-
-Thu Feb 18 20:57:04 1999  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* time.c (rb_strftime): strftime() may return 0 on success too.
-
-	* time.c (time_strftime): `\0' within format string should not be
-	  omitted in the result.
-
-	* time.c (rb_strftime): zero length format.
-
-	* time.c (time_to_a): yday start with 1 now.
-
-	* time.c (time_zone): support for long timezone name.
-
-	* time.c (time_yday): yday start with 1 now.
-
-	* time.c (time_minus): minus calculation was wrong.
-
-	* time.c (time_minus): sec, usec should be at least `long', maybe
-	  they should be `time_t'.
-
-	* time.c (time_plus): addition with float was wrong.
-
-	* time.c (time_to_s): support for long timezone name.
-
-	* time.c (time_gm_or_local): too far future check moved.
-
-	* time.c (time_arg): treat 2 digit year as 69-99 => 1969-1999,
-	  00-68 => 2000-2068
-
-Thu Feb 18 03:56:47 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* missing/fnmatch.c: moved to missing directory.
-
-Wed Feb 17 16:22:26 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_alloc): actual initialization now be done in
-	  `initialize'.
-
-Wed Feb 17 09:47:15 1999  okabe katsuyuki  <hgc02147@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): use mbclen() instead of ismbchar().
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_quote): should handle mbchars properly.
-
-Wed Feb 17 01:25:26 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): stop comment concatenation by backslash follows
-	  after >= 0x80 char.  may cause problem with Latin chars.
-
-	* eval.c (error_print): exception in rb_obj_as_string() caused
-	  SEGV. protect it by PUSH_TAG/POP_TAG.
-
-	* error.c (exc_exception): `Exception#exception' should return self.
-
-Wed Feb 17 01:12:22 1999  Hirotaka Ichikawa  <hirotaka.ichikawa@tosmec.toshiba.co.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: BeOS patch.
-
-Tue Feb 16 14:25:00 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): should reallocate mbc space for
-	  character class unless current_mbctype is ASCII.
-
-Mon Feb 15 15:48:30 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: specify `-Wl,-E' only for GNU ld.
-
-Mon Feb 15 11:43:22 1999  GOTO Kentaro  <gotoken@math.sci.hokudai.ac.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_inspecting_p): should return Qfalse.
-
-Sun Feb 14 22:36:40 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_f_sprintf): `%G' was omitted.
-
-Sun Feb 14 12:47:48 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (Init_Numeric): allow divide by zero on FreeBSD.
-
-	* numeric.c (Init_Numeric): FloatDomainError added.
-
-	* configure.in (AC_REPLACE_FUNCS): add checks for functions
-	  isinf, isnan, and finite.
-
-Sat Feb 13 01:24:16 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_create_0): should protect th->thread.
-
-Fri Feb 12 16:16:47 1999  Yasuhiro Fukuma  <yasuf@big.or.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_inspect): wrong mbc position.
-
-Fri Feb 12 16:21:17 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_fd_close): 
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_fptr_close): tell scheduler that fd is closed.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): ditto.
-
-	* io.c (READ_CHECK): check if closed after thread context switch.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_close_read): do not check
-	  the return value from shutdown(2).
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (bsock_close_write): ditto.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_new): need to dup(fd) for close_read
-	  and close_write.
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): handle newlines within #{}.
-
-	* regex.h: should replace symbols for ruby.
-
-Fri Feb 12 00:46:28 1999  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object): should update the method name in message.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): limit should be converted into Fixnum.
-
-Wed Feb 10 15:20:03 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): empty pattern should not cause infinite
-	  pattern match loop.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): RE_OPTIMIZE_ANCHOR for /.*/, not
-	  for /(.|\n)/.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_pow): `fixnum**nil' should raise TypeError.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_big_pow): need to normalize results.
-
-Wed Feb 10 01:42:41 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_pow): `(5**1).type' should be Integer.
-
-Tue Feb  9 01:22:49 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): do not ignore newlines in mbchars.
-
-	* io.c (rb_file_s_open): mode can be specified by flags like
-	  open(2), e.g. File::open(path, File::CREAT|File::WRONLY).
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_open): bit-wise mode flags for pipes
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): bit flags for open.
-
-Sat Feb  6 22:56:21 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_sub_bang): should not overwrite match data by
-	  regexp match within the block.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_gsub_bang): ditto.
-
-Sat Feb  6 03:06:17 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (match_getter): accessing $~ without matching caused SEGV.
-
-Fri Feb  5 22:11:08 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): binary literal support, like 0b01001.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): octal numbers can contain `_'s.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): warns if non-octal number follows immediately
-	  after octal literal.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): now need at least one digit after prefix such
-	  as 0x, or 0b.
-
-	* bignum.c (rb_str2inum): recognize binary numbers like 0b0101.
-
-Fri Feb  5 03:26:56 1999  Yasuhiro Fukuma  <yasuf@big.or.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): -e without program prints error.
-
-Fri Feb  5 00:01:50 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (terms): needed to clear heredoc_end.
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_div): allow float division by zero.
-
-Thu Feb  4 11:56:24 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* missing/strtod.c: for compatibility.
-
-	* configure.in (strtod): add strtod compatible check.
-
-	* numeric.c (rb_num2long): missing/vsnprintf.c does not support
-	  floating points.
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_to_s): ditto.
-
-Wed Feb  3 23:02:12 1999  Yoshida Masato  <yoshidam@yoshidam.net>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): use ismbchar() to get next char.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): wrong mbchar shift.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): needed to reset $KCODE after match.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_fastmap): mbchars should match with \w.
-
-Wed Feb  3 22:35:12 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): too big float raise warning, not error.
-
-Tue Feb  2 23:41:42 1999  Yoshida Masato  <yoshidam@yoshidam.net>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): wrong boundary.
-
-	* regex.c (IS_A_LETTER): re_mbctab[c] may not be 1 for mbc.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): mbchar support for shifting ranges.
-
-	* regex.c (MBC2WC): wrong conversion.
-
-Wed Feb  3 15:03:16 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): need to escape parens if terminators are
-	  not any kind of parenthesis.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_qstring): ditto.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_string): ditto.
-
-Tue Feb  2 17:11:26 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_gsub_bang): too small realloc condition.
-
-Mon Feb  1 10:01:17 1999  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): range check for the float literal.
-
-Sat Jan 30 18:34:16 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (usage): -h option to show brief command description.
-
-Sat Jan 30 08:45:16 1999  IKARASHI Akira  <ikarashi@itlb.te.noda.sut.ac.jp>
-
-	* lib/cgi-lib.rb: cookie support added.
-
-Sat Jan 30 13:38:24 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): mbchars should match with \w
-	  within character class.  Was matching with \W.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): \w should match with multi byte characters,
-	  not its first byte.
-
-Sat Jan 30 10:06:41 1999  Yoshida Masato  <yoshidam@yoshidam.net>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_s_new): UTF-8 flag handle (/u, /U).
-
-	* re.c (rb_kcode): $KCODE handle for UTF-8.
-
-Sat Jan 30 01:51:16 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_delete_if): RTEST() missing.
-
-	* hash.c (delete_if_i): ditto.
-
-	* enum.c (Init_Enumerable): select (=find_all), detect (=find)
-	  added as aliases.
-
-Fri Jan 29 21:32:19 1999  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_f_setenv): SEGV caused by small typo.
-
-Fri Jan 29 00:15:58 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/parsedate.rb (parsedate): support date format like
-	  23-Feb-93, which is required by HTTP/1.1.
-
-	* variable.c (find_class_path): avoid calling rb_iv_set().
-
-	* eval.c (backtrace): do not need to modify $SAFE internally.
-
-	* variable.c (classname): inline __classid__ access.
-
-	* eval.c (THREAD_ALLOC): needed to initialize wrapper.
-
-	* lib/ftools.rb (makedirs): allows slash at the end of the path.
-
-	* numeric.c (rb_fix_induced_from): ensure result to be Fixnum.
-
-Thu Jan 28 17:31:43 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_to_s): float format changed to "%16.10g".
-
-Thu Jan 28 02:13:11 1999  Yoshinori Toki  <toki@freedom.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_store): expand allocated buffer by 3/2.
-
-Wed Jan 27 17:50:02 1999  Kazuhiro HIWADA  <hiwada@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (dbl2big): raised error if double is too big to cast
-	  into long.  check added.
-
-Wed Jan 27 03:16:18 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_const_at): can't list constants of the
-	  untainted objects in safe mode.
-
-	* class.c (method_list): can't list methods of untainted objects
-	  in safe mode.
-
-Tue Jan 26 02:40:41 1999  GOTO Kentaro  <gotoken@math.sci.hokudai.ac.jp>
-
-	* prec.c: Precision support for numbers.
-
-Thu Jan 21 19:08:14 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_raise): calls `exception' method, not `new'.
-
-	* error.c (exc_exception): renamed from `new'.
-
-Wed Jan 20 03:39:48 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): rb_in_compile renamed to ruby_in_compile.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): define DATA if __END__ appeared in script.
-
-Tue Jan 19 14:57:51 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): need to protect lex_lastline.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): disable %//, %'', %``.
-
-Tue Jan 19 05:01:16 1999  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* array.c (beg_len): round range value too much.
-
-Mon Jan 18 13:02:27 1999  Kuroda Jun  <jkuro@dwe.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (env_keys): strchr() may return NULL.
-
-Mon Jan 18 17:51:47 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* instruby.rb (wdir): install libruby.a in archdir.
-
-	* lib/ftools.rb (install): removes file before installing.
-
-Mon Jan 18 16:55:31 1999  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_callcc): experimental continuation support.
-
-Sun Jan 17 19:45:37 1999  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): nil packing caused SEGV.
-
-Sat Jan 16 13:18:03 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_concat): character (fixnum) can be append to
-	  strings
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_unshift): unshift returns array.
-
-Sat Jan 16 01:39:19 1999  Yoshida Masato  <yoshidam@tau.bekkoame.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_method): UTF-8 support.
-
-	* regex.c: UTF-8 support.
-
-Thu Jan 14 00:42:55 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_gsub_bang): forget to add offset for null match.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_local_aset): can't modify in tainted mode.
-
-	* hash.c (env_each_key): avoid generating temporary array.
-
-Wed Jan 13 23:58:50 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_f_setenv): name and value can be tainted.
-
-Wed Jan  6 02:42:08 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (Init_Bignum): forgot to define Bignum#===.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): if add_heap() is called during GC, objects on
-	  allocated heap page(s) are not marked, should not be recycled.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_sweep): should refer latest freelist.
-
-	* gc.c (id2ref): modified to support performance patch.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_id): performance patch (no bignum for id).
-
-Tue Jan  5 01:56:18 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* config.guess: merge up-to-date from autoconf 2.12.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_join): avoid calling rb_protect_inspect() till
-	  it is really needed.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_inspect): show detailed information for the
-	  instance variables (infinite loop can avoid now).
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_inspect): avoid infinite loop.
-
-Sun Jan  3 01:37:58 1999  Takao KAWAMURA  <kawamura@ike.tottori-u.ac.jp>
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-end-of-defun): moved too much.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el (ruby-mode-variables): set paragraph-separator
-	  for the mode.
-
-	* misc/ruby-mode.el: proper font-lock for `def' and `nil' etc.
-
-Sat Jan  2 17:09:06 1999  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_jump_tag): new api to invoke JUMP_TAG.  tag values
-	  can obtained from rb_eval_string_protect()/rb_load_protect().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_rescue): now catches all exceptions but SystemExit.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval_string_protect): eval string with protection.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load_protect): load file with protection.
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_puts): avoid infinite loop for cyclic arrays.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_local_aref): thread local hash tables.
-
-	* object.c (rb_equal): check exact equal before calling `=='.
-
-Thu Dec 31 22:28:53 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): feature names should be provided with
-	  DLEXT extension.
-
-	* marshal.c (Init_marshal): need to provide `marshal.so'.
-
-Wed Dec 30 02:29:16 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (classname): do not call rb_ivar_set().
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): finalizers were called too early.
-
-Fri Dec 25 12:19:30 1998  Fukuda Masaki  <fukuda@wni.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_mark): should not return on FL_EXIVAR.
-
-Fri Dec 25 11:56:51 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark): proper scanning for temporary region.
-
-	* eval.c (TMP_ALLOC): protection for C_ALLOCA was broken.
-
-Thu Dec 24 18:26:04 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* development version 1.3 released.
-
-Thu Dec 24 00:17:00 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_load): top self should be set properly.
-
-	* variable.c (classname): check __classpath__ if it is defined.
-
-	* variable.c (classname): invalid warning at -v with static linked
-	  ruby interpreter.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): modified for expr::Const support.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): invoke method expr::Const if expr is not class
-	  nor module.
-
-	* parse.y (primary): enable expr::identifier as method
-	  invocation.
-
-Wed Dec 23 03:04:36 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): avoid too many loop pops for (?:..).
-
-Tue Dec 22 18:01:08 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental version 1.1d1 released.
-
-Mon Dec 21 01:33:03 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (TMP_PROTECT): add volatile to ensure GC protection.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_gsub_bang): calculate buffer size properly.
-
-	* parse.y (lex_get_str): needed to return Qnil at EOS.
-
-	* eval.c (find_file): check policy modified, raise exception
-	  immediately for tainted load_path.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_f_setenv): do not depend on setenv() nor putenv().
-
-Thu Dec 17 06:29:23 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/tk/tkutil.c (tk_s_new): use rb_obj_instance_eval(), instead
-	  of rb_yield_0().
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): forgot to call find_file in some cases.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_require): `require "feature.so"' to load dynamic
-	  libraries.  old `require "feature.o"' is still OK.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): yield without value dumped core.
-
-Wed Dec 16 16:28:31 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental version 1.1d0 (pre1.2) released.
-
-Wed Dec 16 10:43:34 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): bound check before calling re_match().
-
-Tue Dec 15 13:59:01 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* error.c (exc_to_s): returns class name for unset mesg.
-
-	* error.c (exc_initialize): do not initialize @mesg by "".
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): __END__ should handle CR+LF newlines.
-
-Wed Dec  9 13:37:12 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (encodes): use buffering for B-encoding.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): Q-encoding by 'M'.
-
-Tue Dec  8 14:10:00 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (generic_ivar_get): any object can have instance
-	  variables now.  great improvement.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_name_class): do not set __classpath__ by default,
-	  use __classid__ instead.
-
-Mon Dec  7 22:08:22 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h (struct RFile): IO objects can have instance variables now.
-
-	* parse.y (primary): allows `def obj::foo; .. end'.
-
-Mon Dec  7 18:24:50 1998  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* ruby.c (set_arg0): $0 support for HP-UX.
-
-Mon Dec  7 01:30:28 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_strerror): better error messages on win32.
-
-Sat Dec  5 23:27:23 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): indentable here-doc delimiter by
-	  `<<-'.  Proposed by Clemens <c.hintze@gmx.net>.  Thanks.
-
-Thu Dec  3 16:50:17 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (realclean): trouble on install.
-
-Sun Nov 29 22:25:39 1998  Takaaki Tateishi  <ttate@jaist.ac.jp>
-
-	* process.c (f_exec): check number of argument.
-
-Thu Nov 26 17:27:30 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c9 released.
-
-Wed Nov 25 13:07:12 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dup): do not copy additional data (STR_NO_ORIG).
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): reduce known memory leak (hard to remove).
-
-Wed Nov 25 03:41:21 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* st.c (st_init_table_with_size): round size up to prime number.
-
-Sat Nov 21 23:27:23 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_aset): reduce copying key strings.
-
-	* gc.c (looks_pointerp): declare as inline function if possible.
-
-	* st.c (PTR_NOT_EQUAL): compare hash values first before calling
-	  comparing function.
-
-	* st.c (ADD_DIRECT): save hash value in entries to reduce hash
-	  calculation.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_gsub_bang): avoid rb_scan_args() to speed-up.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_sub_bang): ditto.
-
-Sat Nov 21 18:44:06 1998  Masaki Fukushima  <fukusima@goto.info.waseda.ac.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_s_now): had memory leak.
-
-	* ext/md5/md5init.c (md5_new): had memory leak.
-
-	* ext/md5/md5init.c (md5_clone): ditto.
-
-Fri Nov 20 23:23:23 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/delegate.rb: do not propagate hash and eql?.
-
-Thu Nov 19 01:40:52 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sample/ruby-mode.el (ruby-expr-beg): failed to find reserved
-	  word boundary.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): avoid calling `concat' method.  calls
-	  rb_ary_concat() directly for efficiency.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): actual rest arguments extended arrays too much.
-
-Wed Nov 18 14:30:24 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_global_function): global functions now be
-	  module function of the Kernel.
-
-Wed Nov 18 10:48:09 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (read_all): SEGV on large files.
-
-Tue Nov 17 18:11:20 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c8 released.
-
-Tue Nov 17 16:58:47 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): assignment to attribute name start with capital
-	  should be allowed.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_alloc): needed to mark terminated threads too.
-
-Tue Nov 17 12:33:48 1998  Motoyuki Kasahara  <m-kasahr@sra.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (create_makefile): Set `libdir' to `@libdir@',
-	  Set `pkglibdir' to `$libdir/$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)'.
-
-Tue Nov 17 10:30:46 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (f_sprintf): %l%%c -> %%l%c
-
-Tue Nov 17 01:08:50 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (ret_args): distinguish `a' and `*a' for the arguments
-	  of yield and return.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): flip3 should work like sed.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): flip{2,3} now have independent state for each
-	  scope to work fine with thread.
-
-Mon Nov 16 23:26:29 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (primary): exec else clause if no exception raised.
-
-Sun Nov 15 15:44:07 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (install): bug in target.
-
-Sat Nov 14 11:02:05 1998  Motoyuki Kasahara  <m-kasahr@sra.co.jp>
-
-	* Makefile.in (install): Give the argument `$(DESTDIR)' to
-	  `instruby.rb'.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Recognize ARG[0] as `destdir'.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Give the argument `destdir' to `extmk.rb'.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: Recognize ARG[1] as `$destdir'.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Create the installation directories (bindir, libdir,
-	  archdir, pkglibdir, archdir, and mandir) under `destdir', and
-	  install all files under there.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: Likewise.
-
-Sat Nov 14 10:56:55 1998  Motoyuki Kasahara  <m-kasahr@sra.co.jp>
-
-	* instruby.rb: Add the variable `pkglibdir'.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Set the variable `libdir' to `$(libdir)', not
-	  `$(libdir)/$(ruby_install_name)'. `libruby.so' and `libruby.so.LIB'
-	  are installed at `libdir'.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Set the variable `archdir' to `$(pkglibdir)/$(arch)'.
-
-Fri Nov 13 19:43:29 1998  KIMURA Koichi  <kbk@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* missing/nt.c (SafeFree): wrong free offset.
-
-Thu Nov 12 20:11:53 1998  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* sample/ruby-mode.el: wrong highlight.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): newline in regexp was ignored.
-
-Wed Nov 11 10:54:57 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): <<'FOO' should not escape anything.
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): bare << here-doc available, even though
-	  it's deprecated.
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_readlink): return value should be tainted.
-
-	* ext/etc/etc.c (setup_passwd): information (eg. GCOS name) should
-	  be tainted (modified at Perl Conference).
-
-Tue Nov 10 00:22:11 1998  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* configure.in: elf support for FreeBSD 3.x
-
-Tue Nov 10 00:05:43 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): here document available in eval.
-
-Mon Nov  9 17:55:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c7 released.
-
-Fri Nov  6 19:25:27 1998  Takao KAWAMURA  <kawamura@ike.tottori-u.ac.jp>
-
-	* sample/ruby-mode.el: font-lock patch.
-
-Thu Nov  5 15:42:22 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sample/README, lib/README: simple description for each file.
-
-Wed Nov  4 18:14:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (assign): attribute assignment should be called as public.
-
-Tue Nov  3 23:36:39 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_dump): dumps core for negative char value.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): out of boundary access for empty
-	  regexp.
-
-Mon Nov  2 22:54:01 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_aset): `str[str]' replaces first match.
-
-Mon Nov  2 18:24:33 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thread_create): was accessing modified status.
-
-Sun Nov  1 01:18:52 1998  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (xrealloc): size 0 needs round up to 1.
-
-Sat Oct 31 23:18:34 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_method): negative LIMIT means number of
-	  split fields are unlimited, as in perl.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_method): if LIMIT is unspecified,
-	  trailing null fields are stripped.
-
-Sat Oct 31 04:16:14 1998  Inaba Hiroto  <inaba@st.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_aref): regexp index SEGVed.
-
-Fri Oct 30 14:33:47 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (reg_match): returns nil for unmatch.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_entries): new method.
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): do not push block, substitute it.
-
-Fri Oct 30 01:28:52 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* range.c (range_check): avoid <=> check for Fixnums.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_aset): accept negative index.
-
-Wed Oct 28 22:00:54 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): access out of boundary fixed.
-
-Wed Oct 28 11:37:42 1998  TAMITO  <tommy@valley.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (f_select): fd number comparison bug.
-
-Tue Oct 27 23:07:11 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sample/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-region): forgot to support %w()
-	  style array literal.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): unused block raises warning.
-
-Mon Oct 26 09:37:53 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (dvar_asgn_push): dvar pushed too many times if
-	  variable-in-block first appear in loops.
-
-Sun Oct 25 22:59:27 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (set_list_bits): was using wrong offset.
-
-Thu Oct 22 00:07:11 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_obj_method): method retrieved from tainted object
-	  should be tainted too.
-
-	* eval.c (method_call): safe_level should be restored during
-	  Method#call.
-
-Wed Oct 21 14:21:06 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): new constants IO::SEEK_{SET,CUR,END}.
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_ungetc): ungetc pushes a char back into STDIN.
-
-Mon Oct 19 11:50:00 1998  Motoyuki Kasahara  <m-kasahr@sra.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: Load '@top_srcdir@/lib/find.rb', not
-	  '../lib/find.rb'.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: Distinguish between `top_srcdir' and `topdir'.
-
-	* Makefile.in (CFLAGS): Add `-I.'.
-
-	* Makefile.in (lex.c): Give `@srcdir@/keywords' to gperf, not
-	  `keywords'.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Use `CONFIG["bindir"]', instead of `prefix + "/bin"'.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Use `CONFIG["libdir"]', instead of `prefix + "/lib"'.
-
-	* instruby.rb Use `CONFIG["mandir"]', instead of `prefix + "/man"'.
-
-	* instruby.rb (wdir): Add the variable to preserve the current
-	  working directory.
-
-	* instruby.rb: Chdir to wdir before install `config.h' and
-	  `rbconfig.rb'.
-
-Mon Oct 19 10:07:01 1998  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): reduce recursive calls to rb_eval().
-
-Fri Oct 16 15:31:45 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_new_internal): timeval must be positive.
-
-Thu Oct 15 13:54:48 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): local variables can be accessed within right side
- 	  expression in assignment, notably in blocks.
-
-Wed Oct 14 00:18:33 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (Init_Array): Array#=== is now for equal check, not
-	  inclusion check.
-
-	* parse.y (when_args): `when a, *b' style new syntax for array
-	  expansion in `case'.
-
-Tue Oct 13 14:30:32 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_untaint): taint marks can be unset.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): taint propagation for embedded strings.
-
-Mon Oct 12 13:27:15 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): check stack depth more frequently.
-
-Mon Oct 12 08:08:30 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_p): can print even in secure mode.
-
-Sun Oct 11 22:50:13 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_set): taint check for modification.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_ivar_set): taint check for modification.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_modify): taint check for modification.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_modify): taint check for modification.
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_modify): taint check for modification.
-
-	* ruby.h (FL_TAINT): taint for all objects, not only strings.
-
-Fri Oct  9 17:01:14 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (read_all): read() returns "" at immediate EOF.
-
-	* io.c (io_read): read(nil) read all until EOF.
-
-Thu Oct  8 13:32:13 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_dump): marshal can dump Time object now.
-
-	* marshal.c (Init_marshal): rename marshal methods `_dump_to' to
- 	  `_dump', `_load_from' to `_load'.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_intern): "+=".intern generates proper symbol.
-
-Mon Oct  5 18:31:53 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c6 released.
-
-Fri Oct  2 14:22:33 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): `/\s*(--)$/ =~ "- --"' did not match,
-	  because of wrong optimize condition.
-
-Mon Oct  1 01:55:16 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_intern): should not raise exceptions.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): symbol like `:foo?=' should not be allowed.
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: makes *.a for static link modules.
-
-Wed Sep 30 14:13:06 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_start): supports making a subclass of the
-	  Thread class.
-
-Tue Sep 29 17:46:01 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_thread_join): join is now an instance method.
-
-Fri Sep 25 12:01:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): `@foo!' should be an error.
-
-Thu Sep 24 14:55:06 1998  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* ext/etc/etc.c (Init_etc): wrong field definition.
-
-Thu Sep 17 17:09:05 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_reopen): was creating FILE* for wrong fd.
-
-Tue Sep 15 05:28:11 1998  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): forgot to fixup for the pattern
- 	  like (?=(A)|(B)).
-
-Tue Sep 15 01:06:08 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_gets_internal): do not set $_ by default, only
-	  gets/readline set the variable.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_load): load toplevel class is set to anonymous
-	  module if safe_level >= 5, to encapsulate modification.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_f_load): set frame properly.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_each_line): do not set $_.
-
-Mon Sep 14 14:42:27 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): beginning and end of the string, do not
-	  automatically match `\b'.
-
-	* string.c (scan_once): consume at least on character.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): wrong behavior for negative range.
-
-Sat Sep 12 21:21:26 1998  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): range value should be maintained.
-
-Thu Sep 10 10:55:00 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (backref_error): yyerror does not understand formats.
-
-Tue Sep  8 18:05:33 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c5 released.
-
-Tue Sep  8 10:03:39 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_each_line): wrong line splitting with newline at
- 	  top of the string.
-
-	* string.c: non bang methods return copied string.
-
-	* eval.c (f_END): needed to initialize frame->argc;
-
-Fri Sep  4 11:27:40 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (bigadd): proper sign combination.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): wrong return value for \A.
-
-Thu Sep  3 14:08:14 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c4 released.
-
-Tue Sep  1 10:47:16 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (slow_search): do not compare llen and blen.  llen may
-	  be longer than blen, if little contains 0xff.
-
-	* regex.c (mbctab_euc): set 0x8e as multibyte character.
-
-	* string.c (str_inspect): mask character for octal output.
-
-Mon Aug 31 15:32:41 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): use calculated offset if exactn is the
-	  first opcode in the compiled regexp.
-
-	* regex.c (bm_search): use Boyer-Moore search for simple search.
-
-	* regex.c (must_instr): wrong length check if pattern includes
-	  byte escape by 0xff.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): need not to check current_mbctype.
-
-Sat Aug 29 16:31:40 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_check_safe_str): avoid calling rb_id2name() in normal 
-	  cases to speed-up.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_raise): do not save context of terminated thread.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): mask \nnn over 256.
-
-Sat Aug 29 02:09:46 1998  Koji Arai  <JCA02266@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (f_sprintf): wrong buffer size check.
-
-Fri Aug 28 01:57:04 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): accepts (?ix-ix) and (?ix-ix:...).
-
-Fri Aug 28 12:25:33 1998  Hiroshi Igarashi  <igarashi@ueda.info.waseda.ac.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_require_modules): load modules in appearing order.
-
-Fri Aug 28 01:57:04 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): accepts (?ix-ix) and (?ix-ix:...).
-
-Thu Aug 27 12:54:28 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c3 released.
-
-Wed Aug 26 14:40:56 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): check whether ruby_class is properly set,
-	  before accessing it.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_obj_instance_eval): ruby_class should be Qnil for
-	  special objects like Fixnums.
-
-	* ext/tkutil/tkutil.c (Init_tkutil): removes calls to
-	  rb_yield_0().  used instance_eval() instead in the tk.rb.
-
-Wed Aug 26 11:47:00 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): pop non-greedy stack elements on success.
-
-Wed Aug 26 09:25:35 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h: add #define environ for cygwin32.
-
-Tue Aug 25 08:57:41 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang): temporarily freeze sorting array.
-
-Mon Aug 24 18:46:44 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_find_1): path check was too strict.
-
-Mon Aug 24 15:28:11 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (f_arglist): opt_nl added after f_args.
-
-Fri Aug 21 01:06:01 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: grand renaming on socket.c.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (inet_aton): supply inet_aton for those
-	  systems that do not have it.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (setipaddr): use inet_aton instead of
-	  inet_addr.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (tcp_s_gethostbyname): new method: works
-	  like Socket.gethostbyname but returning array contains ip-addrs
-	  as octet decimal string format like "127.0.0.1".
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (mkhostent): return format changed to
-	  [host, aliases, type, ipaddr..]  as documented.
-
-Wed Aug 19 00:31:09 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_ctl): forgot to place TRAP_END at right position.
-
-Fri Aug 14 11:01:47 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): save __FILE__, __LINE__ before
- 	  executing trace_func, since trace function should not corrupt
- 	  line number information.
-
-Thu Aug 13 15:09:02 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_s_new): was marking unallocated region on GC.
-
-Tue Aug 11 11:57:35 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c2 released.
-
-Mon Aug 10 14:05:30 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* process.c (f_system): removed fflush(stdin).
-
-Fri Aug  7 17:44:44 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* error.c (err_snprintf): replace sprintf for fixed sized buffer,
- 	  with snprintf to avoid buffer over-run.  For systems which does
-	  dot provide snprintf, missing/snprintf.c added.
-
-Wed Aug  5 00:47:35 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_search): recycle match object.
-
-Mon Aug  3 09:17:55 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_gsub_bang): do not allocate temporary string.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_sub_bang): use inline replace.
-
-Wed Jul 29 00:36:08 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (hash_s_new): the default value can be specified.
-
-	* hash.c (hash_default): method to set the default value.
-
-	* hash.c (hash_aref): now returns the default value.
-
-Tue Jul 28 13:03:25 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_s_new): argument to specify initial value is added.
-
-	* array.c (ary_s_new): specifies size, not capacity.
-
-Mon Jul 27 12:39:34 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_replace): zero fill for expansion gap.
-
-	* regex.c (mbctab_euc): set flags on for 0xA1-0xFE.  suggested by
-	  <inaba@st.rim.or.jp>.
-
-	* string.c (str_inspect): consider current_mbctype.
-
-Sun Jul 26 15:37:11 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_s_new): Array.new(1<<30) dumps core.
-
-Fri Jul 24 13:40:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c1 released.
-
-Fri Jul 24 02:10:22 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_bytes2): allocated buffer size was too short.
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): saves all options, not only casefold flag.
-
-	* re.c (reg_clone): now copies options properly.
-
-	* re.c (reg_get_kcode): code number was wrong.
-
-Thu Jul 23 13:11:32 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_attr): argument should be symbol or string.
-
-Wed Jul 22 11:59:34 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (calculate_must_string): wrong offset added.
-
-Wed Jul 22 11:59:59 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* st.c (rehash): still had a GC problem.  fixed.
-
-Tue Jul 21 13:19:30 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (gc_mark_threads): crashed on GC before thread allocation.
-
-	* st.c (rehash): GC during rehash caused SEGV.
-
-Tue Jul 21 01:25:10 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (f_sprintf): integer formatter totally re-written.
-
-	* sprintf.c (remove_sign_bits): support uppercase hexadecimal.
-
-Sat Jul 18 00:14:13 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (f_sprintf): proper sign position for %X and %O.
-
-Fri Jul 17 14:10:20 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1c0 released.
-
-Fri Jul 17 08:01:49 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* process.c (f_exec): Check_SafeStr() added.
-
-	* process.c (f_system): Check_SafeStr() moved before fork().
-
-Thu Jul 16 22:58:48 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (scan_once): substrings to the block should not be
- 	  tainted.  use reg_nth_match(), not str_substr().
-
-	* string.c (str_substr): needed to transfer taint.
-
-Thu Jul 16 16:15:57 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* gc.c (xmalloc): object allocation count added to GC trigger.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_save_context): avoid marking uninitialized stack
-	  in thread_mark.  GC may be triggered by REALLOC_N().
-
-Wed Jul 15 15:11:57 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_31.
-
-Wed Jul 15 15:05:27 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thread_create): exit() and abort() in threads now
- 	  forwarded to main_thread.
-
-Tue Jul 14 14:03:47 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (obj_instance_variables): list names that is not
-	  instance variables.
-
-	* gc.c (GC_MALLOC_LIMIT): choose smaller limit value.
-
-Mon Jul 13 12:39:38 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (str2cstr): should not return NULL.
-
-Fri Jul 10 11:51:46 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (gettable): needed to add dyna_in_block() check.
-
-Thu Jul  9 17:38:23 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_30.
-
-Thu Jul  9 16:01:48 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sprintf.c (fmt_setup): format specifier for long needed.
-
-	* sprintf.c (f_sprintf): ditto.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix2str): ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_create): no more ITIMER_REAL.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_create): thread finalization needed before
-	  aborting thread if thread_abort is set.
-
-Wed Jul  8 18:17:33 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (big_pow): abandon power by bignum (too big).
-
-Tue Jul  7 13:58:43 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_catch): add C level catch/throw feature.
-
-Mon Jul  6 15:18:09 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): proper return values for `||=' and `&&='.
-
-Fri Jul  3 16:05:11 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_29.
-
-Fri Jul  3 11:20:46 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_byte): byte should not extend sign bit.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_mul): use FIX2LONG() instead of FIX2INT() for
-	  64bit architectures.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_bytes): remove weird casting between pointer and int.
-
-	* process.c (proc_setsid): new method Process#setsid().
-
-Thu Jul  2 12:49:21 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object): remove `write_bignum' label for 64bit
- 	  architectures.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_bytes): needs int, not long.
-
-Wed Jul  1 14:21:06 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_plus): should not allow addition with strings.
-
-Wed Jul  1 13:09:01 1998  Keiju ISHITSUKA  <keiju@rational.com>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_uminus): wrong coerce direction.
-
-Tue Jun 30 10:13:44 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (f_p): accepts arbitrary number of arguments.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): there's some case that iterator_p() returns 
-	  true even if the_block was not set.  check added.
-
-Tue Jun 30 01:05:20 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (BEGIN_CALLARGS): adjust the_block before evaluating the
-	  receiver's value and the arguments.
-
-Fri Jun 26 18:02:50 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_28.
-
-Fri Jun 26 11:01:26 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_aset_method): needed to convert to string.
-
-Thu Jun 25 02:05:50 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): optimize for `.*' at beginning of the
-	  pattern.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): optimize for character class repeat at
-	  beginning of the pattern.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): detect optimization potential for
-	  the compiled patterns.
-
-Thu Jun 25 00:02:26 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (reg_s_new): flag value was wrong.
-
-Wed Jun 24 23:45:06 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): wrong anchor handling for reverse search.
-
-Wed Jun 24 02:18:57 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (mlhs): `((a,b)),c = [[1,2]],3' assigns a=1,b=2,c=3.
-
-Tue Jun 23 11:46:16 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): `&&=' and `||=' added.
-
-Sat Jun 20 02:53:50 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): nesting local variables should have higher
- 	  priority than normal local variables for assignment too.
-
-Fri Jun 19 18:28:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_27.
-
-Fri Jun 19 14:34:49 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (assign): support hack for nested multiple assignment.
-
-	* parse.y (mlhs): nested multiple assignment.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): in-block variables now honors static scope.
-
-	* configure.in: RSHIFT check moved to configure.
-
-Thu Jun 18 16:46:04 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_26.
-
-Thu Jun 18 13:37:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (file_s_ftype): uses lstat(2) instead of stat(2).
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_glob): there can be buffer overrun, check added.
-
-	* eval.c (f_binding): handles in-block variables declared after
-	  binding's generation.
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_floor): floor, ceil, round added to Float.
-
-Wed Jun 17 11:20:00 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (gettable): nesting local variables should have higher
- 	  priority than normal local variables.
-
-Tue Jun 16 12:30:46 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (str2inum): handles `+ddd'.
-
-	* struct.c (make_struct): name parameter can be nil for unnamed
-	  structures.
-
-Mon Jun 15 16:30:10 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (class_s_inherited): prohibiting to make subclass of
-	  class Class.
-
-	* object.c (module_s_new): support for making subclass of Module.
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): clear eval_tree before compiling.
-
-Fri Jun 12 17:58:18 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (eval): write back the_dyna_var into the block.
-
-Thu Jun 11 18:19:18 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_25.
-
-	* eval.c (dvar_add_compiling): register dyna_var at compile time.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): RE_DUP_MAX iteration is too big.
-
-Wed Jun 10 15:12:04 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_eof): do not block other threads.
-
-	* signal.c (trap): reserve SIGALRM for thread.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_create): use ITIMER_REAL also to avoid system
-	  call blocking.
-
-	* io.c (f_syscall): add TRAP_BEG, TRAP_END around system calls.
-
-	* io.c (io_ctl): add TRAP_BEG, TRAP_END around system calls.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_collect): did not collect false values.
-
-	* array.c (ary_new2): forgot to initialize capa field.
-
-Tue Jun  9 18:36:15 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_split_method): split dumped core for "\xff".
-
-Tue Jun  9 16:22:12 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_24.
-
-Tue Jun  9 16:04:07 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/kconv/kconv.c (kconv_guess): more precise decision for EUC,
-	  using jless algorithm (3 sequential EUC hiragana characters).
-
-Tue Jun  9 15:12:44 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/kconv/kconv.c (kconv_guess): wrong guess for EUC as SJIS in
-	  some cases (0xe0 - 0xef).
-
-	* gc.c (xmalloc): insert size check for big (negative in signed)
-	  allocation size.
-
-Tue Jun  9 02:54:51 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/parsedate.rb: wday moved to the last in the return values.
-
-Mon Jun  8 10:40:16 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_split_method): split dumped core for "\0".
-
-Sat Jun  6 22:50:52 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (calculate_must_string): wrong condition for
-	  {start,stop}_nowidth.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): various features imported from GNU regex.c
- 	  0.12, such as nested grouping, avoiding infinite loop with empty
- 	  match, etc.
-
-	* regex.c (register_info_type): now use union.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): more precise anchor(^) check.
-
-Wed Jun  3 18:07:54 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (reg_raise): check rb_in_compile, not rb_in_eval.
-
-Mon Jun  1 05:26:06 1998  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* string.c (trnext): casting to signed char* needed.
-
-Tue Jun  2 16:00:12 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (udp_addrsetup): error check enhanced.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_s_getservbyaname): use strtoul(), if
-	  possible.
-
-Sat May 30 07:10:02 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (reg_prepare_re): no more needless regular expression
- 	  recompile on casefold conditions.
-
-Thu May 28 18:02:55 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (nil_plus): no more `+' method for nil.
-
-Wed May 27 17:33:46 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (hash_fetch): new method.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): check whether translate table is set.
-
-Tue May 26 11:39:50 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_23.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): no UPLUS/UMINUS for 1st argument if
-	  parenthesises are omitted.
-
-Tue May 26 01:09:55 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): (?XI) for turns off the
-	  corresponding option.
-
-Mon May 25 12:38:56 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): inline i option (?i).
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): inline x option (?x).
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): x option for regexp.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_open): returns block's evaluated value.
-
-	* io.c (f_open): returns block's evaluated value.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (curses_addstr): nil argument caused SEGV.
-
-Fri May 22 11:52:45 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): push mark on (?:), so that
-	  laststart check for {a,b} can be done.
-
-Thu May 21 17:31:16 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): wrong match (too non-greedy) for `{a,b}?'.
-
-	* io.c (io_lineno): new method IO#lineno, IO#lineno=.
-
-Wed May 20 06:04:43 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* BeOS patch.
-
-Wed May 20 16:32:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (BIGDN): use RSHIFT(), instead of mere `>>'.
-
-Tue May 19 16:36:26 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_22.
-
-Tue May 19 16:31:57 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): specification changed for in-block
- 	  variable definition.
-
-	* eval.c (dyna_var_asgn): error in in-block variables' compile
- 	  time definition.
-
-	* parse.y (str_extend): wrong nesting detection.
-
-Tue May 19 09:47:55 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (num2int): re-defined (extensions may use this).
-
-Mon May 18 16:40:50 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* error.c (get_syserr): BeOS support.
-
-	* configure.in: modified for BeOS.
-
-	* string.c (str_dump): do not call isascii().
-
-	* sprintf.c (remove_sign_bits): forgot to initialize end pointer.
-
-	* glob.c: #include <alloca.h> added.
-
-Mon May 18 14:52:21 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_21.
-
-Mon May 18 03:27:57 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* file.c (file_s_expand_path): optional second argument
-	  `default_directory' added.
-
-Sat May 16 22:06:52 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* error.c (RAISE_ERROR): wrong error message
-
-Fri May 15 14:43:25 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_20.
-
-Thu May 14 14:44:21 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* sun4 cc patches for intern.h and regex.h.
-
-Thu May 14 14:03:16 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* random.c (RANDOM_MAX): guessing proper maximum value for random
- 	  numbers.
-
-	* random.c (f_rand): use drand48 if possible.
-
-Wed May 13 19:05:20 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* BeOS patches for io.c, error.c and config.guess.
-
-Wed May 13 14:56:23 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_19.
-
-	* most of the Mac and BeOS patches merged, except path separators.
-
-	* error.c (err_append): generated SyntaxError was String.
-
-	* ruby.h: xxx2INT, xxx2UINT checks values as int, not long.
-
-	* ruby.h: remove typedef's. INT, UINT, UCHAR, USHORT.
-
-Tue May 12 17:38:00 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_18.
-
-Tue May 12 11:38:08 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* error.c (syserr_errno): returns errno of the SystemCallError.
-
-	* error.c (rb_sys_fail): saves errno in the Exception.
-
-	* error.c (set_syserr): no need to protect syserr_list.
-
-	* error.c (rb_sys_fail): no more bufsize limit.
-
-	* error.c (set_syserr): integer value of errno can be accessed by
-	  Errno::EXXX::Errno.
-
-Sun May 10 03:10:33 1998  WATANABE Tetsuya  <tetsu@jpn.hp.com>
-
-	* io.c (io_tell etc.): moved from File class to IO class.
-
-Fri May  8 12:26:37 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack): should be unsigned int (was signed int).
-
-Thu May  7 16:34:10 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): `V', `N' uses newly created NUM2UINT().
-
-	* ruby.h (NUM2UINT): new macro.
-
-	* bignum.c (big2uint): try to convert bignum into UINT.
-
-	* re.c (reg_match): needed to return false for match with nil.
-
-	* gc.c (obj_free): wrong condition to free string.
-
-Wed May  6 21:08:08 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_process_options): modified for DJGPP.
-
-Wed May  6 15:48:03 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_17.
-
-Wed May  6 01:37:39 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c: remove global variable `errat'.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_longjmp): embed error position information in the
- 	  exception object.
-
-Sat May  2 12:20:02 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (reg_search): supports reverse search.
-
-	* string.c (str_index_method): does update $~ etc.
-
-	* eval.c (f_load): needed to clear the_dyna_vars.
-
-	* eval.c (dyna_var_asgn): do not push dyna_var, which is id == 0.
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): NotImplementError is no longer
-	  StandardError, which is not handled by default rescue.
-
-Fri May  1 00:35:51 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): `-d' turns on verbose flag too.
-
-	* error.c (exception): last argument may be the superclass of the
-	  defining exception(s).
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): EOFError is now subclass of the IOError.
-
-	* io.c (Init_IO): forgot to define IOError.
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): old Exception class renamed to
-	  StandardError.  Exception now replaces old GlobalExit.
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): Exception is now the root of the
-	  Global Exits.  There's no longer GlobalExit class.
-
-	* util.c (ruby_mktemp): check TMP, TMPDIR first.
-
-Thu Apr 30 01:08:35 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/tk.rb: call 'unknown', if proc not defined.
-
-	* eval.c (handle_rescue): default rescue handles `Exceptional' not 
-	  only the instance of the `Exception's.
-
-	* eval.c (f_raise): exception can be any object.
-
-	* time.c (time_gm_or_local): call time_gmtime or time_localtime.
-
-	* eval.c (f_raise): raises TypeError if the class which is not a
-	  subclass of String is specified (checked in exc_new()).
-
-	* error.c (exc_new): need to check whether invalid class (not a
-	  subclass of String) is specified.
-
-Wed Apr 29 21:05:44 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <eban@os.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): option '-e' via tempfile.
-
-Tue Apr 28 15:27:58 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_16.
-
-Tue Apr 28 00:07:38 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (obj_is_proc): type check predicate.
-
-	* eval.c (obj_is_block): ditto.
-
-Mon Apr 27 16:59:17 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/gtk/gtk.c (Init_gtk): use timeout, not idle to avoid
-	  consuming CPU too much.
-
-	* lib/tk.rb: use tcltklib#_invoke instead of `_eval'.
-
-Mon Apr 27 16:59:17 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_sort): use dup, not clone.
-
-Mon Apr 27 13:46:27 1998  Tadahiro Maebashi  <maebashi@iij.ad.jp>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (ip_invoke): invoke tcl command
-	  directly.  need not worry about escaping tcl characters.
-
-Mon Apr 27 12:04:43 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* random.c (f_rand): do not call srand() implicitly.
-
-Fri Apr 24 14:35:45 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_15.
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): dyna_var_asgn actually defines nested
-	  local variables in outer context.
-
-	* random.c (f_rand): call srand(), if it has not called yet.
-
-	* random.c (f_srand): use tv_usec as the default seed.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): values of nested local variables should be
- 	  independent.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_yield_0): local variables wrong nested conditions.
-
-Wed Apr 22 23:27:17 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (select_get_io): get IO object by `to_io'.
-
-	* io.c (io_to_io): method to retrieve IO object, from delegating
- 	  object for example.
-
-Wed Apr 22 16:52:37 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_14.
-
-	* string.c (str_modify): check for embedded pointer reference.
-
-	* gc.c (obj_free): ditto.
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): p/P template to embed pointers.
-
-Wed Apr 22 00:07:10 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_rindex): embarrassing typo.
-
-Tue Apr 21 12:31:48 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_13.
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_LIB): supports --program-{prefix,suffix}.
-
-	* array.c (ary_rindex): new method.
-
-	* io.c (io_binmode): should return self.
-
-Tue Apr 21 08:23:04 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): calling parse_string with wrong
-	  arguments.
-
-	* struct.c (struct_aset): problem member assignment with name.
-
-Mon Apr 20 14:47:49 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_12.
-
-	* time.c (time_arg): args may be string (support for reduced
-	  implicit type conversion).
-
-	* lib/base64.rb: changed to use pack/unpack with `m' template.
-
-Mon Apr 20 06:23:20 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (mod_remove_const): new method.
-
-Sat Apr 18 03:53:27 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (hash_each_with_index): removed.  use Enumerable's
-	  each_with_index instead.
-
-	* class.c (rb_include_module): check for super modules, since
- 	  module's included modules may be changed.
-
-Fri Apr 17 21:50:47 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_long): r_byte() may return signed byte.
-
-Fri Apr 17 11:58:30 1998  NAGAI Hidetoshi  <nagai@dumbo.ai.kyutech.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (lib_mainloop): thread and interrupt check.
-
-Fri Apr 17 11:06:30 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (find_file): try to fopen() to check whether file exists.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): ditto.
-
-	* struct.c (struct_aset): struct member can be set by member name.
-
-Fri Apr 17 00:47:19 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: added m68k-human support
-
-	* file.c (LOCK_SH): defines moved.
-
-	* array.c (ary_flatten_bang): simplified loop.
-
-Thu Apr 16 16:52:01 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_11.
-
-	* lib/tk.rb: thread support (experimental - maybe slow).
-
-	* eval.c (rb_longjmp): trace event on exception in raising
- 	  context, just before raising exception.
-
-	* struct.c (struct_s_members): forgot to check singletons.
-
-	* struct.c (struct_aref): members can be accessed by names too.
-
-	* array.c (ary_flatten): new method.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_longjmp): prints exception information with `-d'.
-
-	* object.c (any_to_s): remove class name restriction.
-
-Thu Apr 16 01:38:02 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (thread_flock): do not block other threads.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_trap_eval): signals are now delivered to the
- 	  current thread again.  In case that the current thread is dead,
- 	  signals are forwarded to the main thread.
-
-	* string.c (str_new4): need not to duplicate frozen strings.
-
-Wed Apr 15 08:33:47 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (struct_inspect): remove restriction for struct names.
-
-Wed Apr 15 02:55:02 1998  Kazuya 'Sharl' Masuda  <sharl@www.ufo.co.jp>
-
-	* x68 patches to config.sub, ext/extmk.rb.in
-
-Wed Apr 15 01:22:56 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_dup_frozen): do not duplicate frozen strings.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): allow nested parenthesises.
-
-	* io.c (obj_displayln): prints newline after `display'ing the
-	  receiver.
-
-	* io.c (io_puts): avoid generating "\n" each time.  use RS_default
- 	  instead.
-
-	* io.c (f_p): ditto.
-
-Tue Apr 14 22:18:17 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (struct_aref): should not subtract negative index.
-
-Tue Apr 14 11:34:50 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_10.
-
-	* parse.y: token names prefixed by `t'.
-
-	* struct.c (struct_s_def): supports subclassing of Struct.
-
-	* io.c (io_s_new): supports subclassing of IO.
-
-Mon Apr 13 11:07:39 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (f_binding): need to restore method name.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call0): raises SystemStackError, not Fatal.
-
-	* io.c (obj_display): same as `print self'.
-
-	* io.c (f_p): can now be called in the method form.
-
-	* re.c (reg_regsub): needed to be mbchar aware.
-
-Mon Apr 13 13:18:32 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thread_trap_eval): all signals delivered to main_thread.
-
-Mon Apr 13 12:47:03 1998  TAKAHASHI Masayoshi  <maki@inac.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (kcode_set_option): did not set SJIS on SJIS condition.
-
-Sun Apr 12 22:14:07 1998  Kazunori NISHI  <kazunori@swlab.csce.kyushu-u.ac.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_uniq_bang): should be `==', not `='. embarrassing.
-
-Sat Apr 11 02:13:30 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_subseq): SEGVed for `[][1,1]'.
-
-Fri Apr 10 21:29:06 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_subseq): add check for beg larger than array length.
-
-Wed Apr  8 17:24:11 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@po.aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_open): can be called with block (like IO#open).
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_chdir): print directory path on error.
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_chroot): ditto
-
-	* dir.c (Init_Dir): needed to override `new'.
-
-Thu Apr  9 18:24:58 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_09.
-
-	* string.c (str_cmp): do not depend on sentinel at the end of the
-	  strings. 
-
-	* string.c (str_chomp_bang): forgot to set the sentinel.
-
-Wed Apr  8 00:59:13 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c (big2int): converted int may be too big to fit in
-	  signed int.
-
-	* parse.y (arg): `foo += 1' should not cause an error.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_defined): returned false even if the
-	  constant is defined at the top level.
-
-	* eval.c (f_local_variables): dyna_var->id may be null.  should
-	  have checked before calling str_new2().
-
-Tue Apr  7 01:15:15 1998  Kaneko Naoshi  <wbs01621@mail.wbs.or.jp>
-
-	* re.c (reg_regsub): need to check string boundary.
-
-Tue Apr  7 19:19:12 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_cmp): returns either 1, 0, -1.
-
-	* array.c (ary_cmp): should check array length, too
-
-Tue Apr  7 18:50:16 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_08.
-
-Tue Apr  7 18:31:27 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* instruby.rb (mandir): dll installation for cygwin32
-
-Tue Apr  7 01:16:45 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* config.sub (maybe_os): TOWNS support?
-
-	* config.guess: too strict check for libc versions on linuxes.
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_07.
-
-	* array.c (ary_cmp): compare each element using `<=>'.
-
-	* hash.c (hash_each_with_index): yields [value, key] pair.
-
-	* class.c (class_protected_instance_methods): list protected
-	  method names.
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_i): exclude protected methods.
-
-	* eval.c (PUSH_BLOCK): dynamic variables can be accessed from
- 	  eval() with bindings.
-
-Mon Apr  6 14:49:06 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thread_yield): must return evaluated value.
-
-Fri Apr  3 13:07:29 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thread_schedule): context switch bypassed on wrong
-	  conditions.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_name_class): set classname by id before String
- 	  class is initialized (1.0 behavior restored).
-
-Fri Apr  3 11:25:45 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (num2int): no implicit conversion from string.
-
-	* numeric.c (num2int): check whether `to_i' returns an Integer.
-
-	* numeric.c (num_zero_p): new method.
-
-	* numeric.c (num_nonzero_p): new method.  returns the receiver if
- 	  it's not zero.
-
-	* eval.c (obj_instance_eval): the_class should be the object's
-	  singleton class.
-
-	* error.c (exc_s_new): message is converted into a string.
-
-Thu Apr  2 18:31:46 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (obj_call_init): every object call `initialize'.
-
-Wed Apr  1 08:51:53 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): UNTIL_MOD should be for stmt, not only for expr.
-
-Wed Apr  1 01:20:31 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (true_and): boolean operators &, | and ^.
-
-Tue Mar 31 13:23:58 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_compact_bang): returns nil, if it does not modify
-	  the array like String's bang methods.
-
-	* array.c (ary_uniq_bang): new method to remove duplicate items.
-
-	* eval.c (bind_s_new): new method.
-
-	* numeric.c (num2int): raise exception if Fixnums too big to
- 	  convert into `int' in case that sizeof(int) < sizeof(INT).
-
-	* string.c (str_center): SEGV on negative width.
-
-	* eval.c (eval): forgot to set sourcefile.
-
-Mon Mar 30 11:12:29 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (f_test): raises exception for unknown command.
-
-	* eval.c (Init_eval): `class_eval': alias to the module_eval.
-
-Mon Mar 30 18:50:42 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_capitalize_bang): did not check string modification.
-
-	* string.c (str_delete_bang): wrong conversion.
-
-	* string.c (str_intern): typo in error message.
-
-Mon Mar 30 01:44:13 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (obj_instance_eval): accepts block as evaluation body.
-	  No compilation needed each time.
-
-	* eval.c (mod_module_eval): ditto
-
-	* file.c (file_s_umask): umask did not return old values, if no
- 	  argument given.
-
-Sun Mar 29 00:54:23 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (f_throw): nil returned always.
-
-Sat Mar 28 20:40:12 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_06.
-
-Sat Mar 28 16:07:11 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_closed): should not cause exception for closed IO.
-
-	* string.c (str_tr): returned nil for success.
-
-Sat Mar 28 00:47:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (f_local_variables): new method to return an array of
- 	  local variable names.
-
-	* variable.c (obj_instance_variables): now returns an array of
-	  variable names, as described in the reference.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_attr): honors default method visibility of the
-	  current scope.
-
-Fri Mar 27 13:49:27 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_05.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): `site_ruby' added to load_path.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): load-path order changed.  Paths in
- 	  the RUBYLIB environment variable comes first in non-tainted
- 	  mode.
-
-Thu Mar 26 11:51:09 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): new feature: `protected' methods.
-
-	* string.c (str_dump): new method.
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): block argument can be nil, which means no
-	  block is supplied for the method.
-
-Wed Mar 25 21:20:13 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_reverse_bang): string copied to wrong place.
-
-Wed Mar 25 08:12:07 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_modulo): caused SEGV if left operand is not a
- 	  float value.
-
-	* eval.c (f_eval): optional third and fourth argument to specify
-	  file-name and line-number.
-
-	* eval.c (eval): file-name and line-number set properly.
-
-	* parse.y (assign_in_cond): literal assignment is now warning, not 
-	  compile error.
-
-	* error.c (Warn): Warn() always print message, OTOH Waring()
-	  prints when verbose flag is set.
-
-Tue Mar 24 12:50:06 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): `.' should come last in the load-path.
-
-	* eval.c (Init_eval): `__send__', alias for `send'.
-
-Mon Mar 23 12:44:12 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_chomp_bang): now takes `rs' as an argument.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_free): main_thread should not be freed.
-
-Fri Mar 20 16:40:34 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_chomp_bang): chomp! (and other ! methods) returns
- 	  nil if it does not modify the string.
-
-	* string.c (str_sub_iter_s): should check last pattern since it
- 	  may be matched to null.
-
-Thu Mar 19 13:48:55 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_04.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): `10e0.9' should cause syntax error.
-
-Wed Mar 18 17:46:31 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): new file object constant DATA.  Only
-	  available for the script from the file.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): forwarding failure point popped too much. 
-
-Tue Mar 17 18:23:06 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* math.c (math_frexp): newly added.
-
-	* math.c (math_ldexp): ditto.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivmod): calculates modulo.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_remainder): returns reminder, formerly introduced
- 	  as modulo.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_modulo): calculates proper `modulo'.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigdivmod): wrong sign for reminder.
-
-Mon Mar 16 17:07:28 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_03.
-
-Mon Mar 16 16:33:53 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (pipe_finalize): needed to add pipe_finalize to pipes on
-	  cygwin32.
-
-Mon Mar 16 14:11:06 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_i): needed to consider NOEX_UNDEF.
-
-Mon Mar 16 13:23:53 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_check_closed): check for `fptr->f2 == NULL'.
-
-	* io.c (io_fptr_close): ditto.
-
-Mon Mar 16 11:49:25 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (pipe_atexit): free()ing referencing pipe_list.
-
-	* range.c (range_length): returns zero, if the first is greater
-	  than the last.
-
-	* signal.c (trap_restore_mask): restore signal mask before raising 
-	  exceptions and throws.
-
-Fri Mar 13 13:49:24 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_02.
-
-	* object.c (mod_clone): need to dups constants and instance
-	  variables.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): forgot to initialize body for NODE_DEFS.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): retrieve self from calling frame, since self
-	  changes sometimes.
-
-	* env.h (FRAME): need to save self in the calling frame.
-
-	* io.c (f_gets_method): rs should be initialized by RS.
-
-Thu Mar 12 15:33:57 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* experimental release 1.1b9_01.
-
-	* range.c (range_s_new): check values by `first <= last'.
-
-	* parse.y (lastline_set): fixed offset for $_ and $~ in the local
-	  variable space.
-
-Wed Mar 11 02:14:17 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_gets): handle normal case specially for speed.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_disable_super): function to disable superclass's
-	  method explicitly.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): inherits previous method definition's
-	  NOEX_UNDEF-ness, if exists.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_method): disables superclass's overriding
- 	  method by default.
-
-Wed Mar 11 01:40:48 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@po.aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_gt,etc.): do not depend on `<=>', to handle NaN.
-
-Tue Mar 10 00:03:24 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): understands multiple options in #! line.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): support for [:alpha:] etc.
-
-Mon Mar  9 16:53:51 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.h (GetOpenFile): embed io_check_closed in GetOpenFile.
-
-	* sprintf.c (f_sprintf): zero padding failed for negative
-	  integers.
-
-	* sprintf.c (remove_sign_bits): failed to remove some bits.
-
-Sat Mar  7 21:51:46 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@po.aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_i): body may be NULL for some case.
-
-Fri Mar  6 17:23:07 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (mbcinit): table driven mbchar detection.
-
-	* object.c (obj_alloc): check for allocating instance for the
-	  primitive classes (mostly perfect).
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (curses_finalize): restore original state at 
-	  interpreter termination.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (curses_addstr): forgot to check argument
-	  type (caused SEGV).  now uses STR2CSTR() macro.
-
-Thu Mar  5 13:47:39 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (block_pass): accepts method object as block args.
-
-	* eval.c (f_missing): use any_to_s() for stringify.
-
-Wed Mar  4 01:39:52 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (block_arg): new syntax - block argument in the
-	  calling arglist.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): no module search. simplified a lot.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): block arg support.
-
-	* parse.y (f_block_arg): new syntax - block argument in the
- 	  formal arglist.
-
-Tue Mar  3 14:20:15 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (obj_method): returns bound method object.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): argument check for empty methods.
-
-	* ruby.h (NUM2CHR): new macro, originally from curses module.
-
-Tue Mar  3 13:03:35 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@po.aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_putc): new method.
-
-Tue Mar  3 11:21:28 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_inspect): more strict charcode detection.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_stop): stopping only thread raises ThreadError
-	  exception.
-
-Tue Mar  3 08:04:56 1998  Tadayoshi Funaba  <tadf@kt.rim.or.jp>
-
-	* struct.c (struct_alloc): incomplete struct initialization made
- 	  GC to access unallocated addresses.
-
-Mon Mar  2 16:28:27 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (thread_stop_method): remove Thread#stop.
-
-Fri Feb 27 18:16:26 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b9 released.
-
-Fri Feb 27 09:36:35 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (hash_delete_nil): needed to compare value to nil, since
-	  nil is the valid key for hashes.
-
-	* hash.c (hash_foreach_iter): rehashing causes IndexError.
-
-	* hash.c (hash_foreach_iter): rehash check by pointer comparison.
-
-Thu Feb 26 17:22:13 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (fname): convert reswords into symbols.
-
-	* parse.y (reswords): reserved words are now embedded in the
- 	  syntax (sigh).
-
-	* parse.y: now reserved words can be method names safely.
-
-Wed Feb 25 15:50:07 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (mod_module_eval): clear the_scope's PRIVATE flag before
-	  calling eval().
-
-	* gc.c (gc_call_finalizer_at_exit): run finalizers before any data 
-	  object being freed.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): needed to keep prot_tag->retval before
-	  evaluating the ensure clause.
-
-Tue Feb 24 11:16:32 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): reserved words can be appear as method names at
- 	  right after 'def' and `.'(dot), like foo.next.
-
-	* eval.c (return_check): checks for return out of thread (formerly
- 	  done in return_value).
-
-	* eval.c (POP_TAG): copy retval to outer level.
-
-	* eval.c (return_value): just set retval, no check, no unwinding.
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): line continuation by backslash at end of line.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): forgot to clear pending_exact on
-	  closing parentheses.
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): should not assign dyna_var to true, if it
- 	  is already defined.
-
-Mon Feb 23 14:35:03 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (obj_is_kind_of): no longer accepts true/false/nil.
-
-	* object.c ({true,false,nil}_to_i): can be converted into integers.
-
-Mon Feb 23 12:11:51 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (reg_s_quote): needed to be mbchar aware.
-
-	* eval.c (proc_s_new): wrong iter mark.
-
-Sat Feb 21 22:59:30 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@po.aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (f_syscall): no argument check.
-
-Fri Feb 20 10:17:51 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b8 released.
-
-	* ext/kconv/kconv.c (kconv_kconv): default output code now be
-	  determined according to the value of $KCODE.
-
-	* re.c (rb_get_kcode): can retrieve $KCODE from C code. 
-
-	* parse.y (stmt): if/unless modifiers returns nil, if condition is 
-	  not established.
-
-Thu Feb 19 11:06:47 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/kconv/kconv.c (kconv_kconv): charcode can be specified by
-	  code name (JIS, SJIS, EUC like value of $KCODE).
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): forgot to fixup_jump for (?:..).
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): needed to clear pending_exact on
-	  non-registering grouping (?:...).
-
-Wed Feb 18 19:54:21 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): needed to set lex_state to EXPR_END.
-
-Wed Feb 18 18:45:10 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* patches for cygwin32 applied.
-
-Wed Feb 18 00:41:31 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_sub_s): needed to be mbchar aware to increment one
- 	  character.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): \Z matches newline just before the end of
-	  the string.
-
-Tue Feb 17 00:04:32 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_arg): Time.gm and Time.local now understands
- 	  Time#to_a format.
-
-	* string.c (str_sub_s): replace happened twice for null pattern.
-
-	* regex.c (re_search): null pattern should not match after newline 
-	  at the end of string.
-
-	* time.c (time_isdst): now returns boolean value.
-
-	* error.c (rb_check_type): treat special constants in messages.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): new form `::Const' to see toplevel constants.
-
-	* parse.y (cond): SEGV on `if ()'.
-
-	* gc.c (obj_free): some data needed explicit free().
-
-Mon Feb 16 23:55:40 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (blk_free): release duplicated block informations.
-
-	* eval.c (blk_copy_prev): duplicate outer block information into
- 	  the heap, when proc/binding created.
-
-Mon Feb 16 14:38:25 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_mon): now 1 for January and so on.
-
-	* time.c (time_year): year in 19xx (no + 1900 needed anymore).
-
-Mon Feb 16 13:28:33 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): need to fetch mbchar's second byte
- 	  without translation.
-
-Mon Feb 16 12:29:27 1998  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@po.aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (f_pass_block): pass iterator block to other method.
-
-Fri Feb 13 08:16:11 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_regx): handle \s before read_escape().
-
-	* parse.y (read_escape): `\s' in strings as space.
-
-Tue Feb 10 17:29:08 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b7 released.
-
-	* string.c (str_aset): string insertion by `str[n] = str2'.
-
-	* string.c (str_oct): does recognize `0x'.
-
- 	* sprintf.c (f_sprintf): use base 10 for conversion from string to
- 	  integer.
-
-Mon Feb  9 14:51:56 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (do_coerce): proper error message.
-
-	* string.c (str_sum): bug - masked by wrong value. (sigh..)
-
-Sat Feb  7 15:11:14 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_empty): new method
-
-Fri Feb  6 01:42:15 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c (time_asctime): use asctime(3), not strftime(3).
-
-Thu Feb  5 18:58:46 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_fptr_close): do not free path on close().
-
-	* array.c (ary_filter): new method.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_each_with_index): new method.
-
-Thu Feb  5 14:10:35 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (primary): singleton class def can be appeared inside
- 	  method bodies.
-
-	* hash.c (hash_replace): replace content.
-
-	* string.c (str_replace_method): replace content.
-
-	* array.c (ary_replace_method): replace elements.
-
-	* string.c (str_succ_bang): String#succ!
-
-Thu Feb  5 18:20:30 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_upcase_bang): multi byte character support.
-
-Wed Feb  4 13:55:26 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (ary_reverse): SEGV on empty array reverse.
-
-Tue Feb  3 12:24:07 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (match_to_a): non matching element should be nil.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_load_script): load script after all initialization.
-
-	* bignum.c (str2inum): need to interpret prefix `0' of `0x'.
-
-Tue Feb  3 10:00:18 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* numeric.c (fix_rshift): use `sizeof(INT)*8' instead of 32.
-
-Mon Feb  2 14:09:24 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (set_arg0): grab environment region too.
-
-Thu Jan 29 18:36:25 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* process.c (rb_proc_exec): check `sh' to be exist.
-
-Thu Jan 29 18:18:19 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_stdio_set): assignment to $stdin or $stdout does
-	  reopen() as well as $stderr.
-
-Thu Jan 29 14:18:40 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (mod_ancestors): should not include singleton classes.
-
-	* object.c (obj_type): should not return internal class.
-
-	* io.c (io_reopen): unwillingly closes stdio streams.
-
-Thu Jan 29 11:50:35 1998  Toshihiko SHIMOKAWA  <toshi@csce.kyushu-u.ac.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (udp_addrsetup): forgot to use htons().
-
-Tue Jan 27 23:15:24 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* keywords: __FILE__, __LINE__ are available again.
-
-Fri Jan 23 14:19:28 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b6 released.
-
-	* object.c (mod_to_s): need to duplicate classpath.
-
-	* error.c (exc_inspect): need to duplicate classpath.
-
-Thu Jan 22 00:37:47 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h (STR2CSTR): new macro to retrieve char*.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_method): `initialize' should always be
-	  private, even if it defined by C extensions.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): `initialize' should always be private.
-
-Thu Jan 22 16:21:08 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): some singleton class def cause SEGV.
-
-	* eval.c (TMP_ALLOC): replace ALLOCA_N, where thread context
- 	  switch may happen.
-
-Wed Jan 21 01:43:42 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (PUSH_FRAME): do not use ALLOCA_N().  crash on some
-	  platforms that use missing/alloca.c.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): too many pops for non register
-	  subexpr.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): open parentheses after identifiers are argument 
-	  list, even if whitespaces have seen.
-
-Tue Jan 20 15:19:59 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (terms): quoted word list by %w(a b c).
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/extconf.rb: more accurate check for tcl/tk libs.
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat): most of the FileTest methods (and function
- 	  `test') accept File objects as the argument.
-
-Tue Jan 19 18:19:24 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in (install): there should be no newline after install:
-
-	* re.c (MIN): renamed from min().  there's a local variable named
- 	  min in the file, so that some cpp will raise an error.
-
-Mon Jan 19 16:30:05 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b5 released.
-
-	* process.c (rb_syswait): no exception raised.
-
-Fri Jan 16 00:43:43 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.h (CLONESETUP): copies its singleton classes too.
-
-	* class.c (singleton_class_attached): saves binded object in the
-	  singleton classes.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): calls singleton_method_added even in the
-	  singleton class clauses.
-
-Fri Jan 15 23:22:43 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): -S does not recognize PATH.
-
-Thu Jan 15 02:03:12 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_clear_cache_by_id): clear only affected cache
-	  entries.
-
-Wed Jan 14 02:14:48 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: new UDP/IP socket classes.
-
-Tue Jan 13 10:00:18 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_cmp): ignorecase($=) works wrong.
-
-Fri Jan  9 13:19:55 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b4 released.
-
-	* eval.c (f_missing): class name omitted from the error message.
-
-	* error.c (exc_inspect): description changed.
-
-	* string.c (Init_String): GlobalExit's superclass did not filled,
-	  since GlobalExit created earlier than String.
-
-Thu Jan  8 12:10:09 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (aryset): expr in the brackets can be null.
-
-Wed Jan  7 21:13:56 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_reopen): keep stderr unclosed.
-
-	* io.c (io_errset): keep stderr unclosed.
-
-Tue Jan  6 00:27:43 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y: syntax modified for `while expr do .. end' etc.
-
-	* process.c (f_exec,f_system): can supply arbitrary name for the
- 	  new process.
-
-Mon Jan  5 16:59:13 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (file_s_basename): removes any extension by ".*".
-
-Sun Jan  4 19:36:22 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): needed to update lex_p (reading point).
-
-Sat Jan  3 19:14:14 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c,object.c: duplicate defines mKernel and cFinxnum.
-
-Fri Jan  2 20:38:59 1998  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c (NUM2CHAR): uses the first character for
- 	  string arguments.
-
-	* array.c (ary_fill): did not extend array for ranges.
-
-	* array.c (beg_len): did not return end pos bigger than size.
-
-Fri Jan  2 02:09:16 1998  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_s_chdir): bug in nil check.
-
-	* array.c (ary_fill): bug in nil check.
-
-Tue Dec 30 11:46:23 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* hash.c (env_path_tainted): checks directories in PATH
-	  environment variable are not world writable.
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): invoke specified interpreter if the #! line
- 	  does not contain the word `ruby'.
-
-Fri Dec 26 03:26:41 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (uscore_get): type information included in the error
- 	  message.
-
-	* variable.c (f_untrace_var): does not free trace-data within
- 	  trace procedure.
-
-Thu Dec 25 02:50:29 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b3 released.
-
-	* ruby.h: inlining some functions on gcc 2.x
-
-Tue Dec 23 02:47:33 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): public/private information kept in the current 
-	  scope, to remove undesired state from the class/module.
-
-	* time.c (time_strftime): remove hidden limit of 100 bytes of
-	  result string, using malloc'ed buffer. 
-
-	* hash.c (hash_update): merges the contents of another hash,
-	  overriding existing keys.
-
-	* regex.c (must_instr): totally re-written.
-
-	* io.c (read_all): try to allocate proper sized buffer using
-	  fstat(2) for speedup.
-
-Sat Dec 20 00:27:28 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (must_instr): need to skip 2 bytes for mbchars.
-
-Fri Dec 19 01:18:29 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b2 released.
-
-	* eval.c (check_errat): check and convert (if necessary) traceback 
-	  information before assigning to the variable $@.
-
-	* eval.c (f_raise): optional third argument to specify traceback
-	  information.
-
-	* io.c (f_open): prevent infinite recursive call.
-
-Thu Dec 18 19:33:47 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_rindex): now accepts regexp as index.
-
-Thu Dec 18 18:42:50 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: modified to detect win32 socket lib.
-
-Thu Dec 18 00:25:03 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* re.c (reg_equal): checks for source and casefold and kcode matching.
-
-	* marshal.c: became built-in module.
-
-	* ext/marshal/marshal.c (r_object): displays struct name for
-	  non-compatible struct.
-
-	* string.c (str_index_method): now searches character (fixnum) in
-	  the string.
-
-	* string.c (str_include): redefine `include?'.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): start_nowidth saves current stack position
-	  to stop_nowidth.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): add space to stop_nowidth to save
-	  runtime stack position.
-
-Tue Dec 16 14:57:43 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (scan_once): wrong exception for regexp that match with 
-	  null string (use substr instead of subseq).
-
-Sat Dec 13 00:13:32 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (expr): remove bare assocs from expr rule.
-
-	* rbconfig.rb: renamed from config.rb (it was too generic name).
-
-Fri Dec 12 00:50:25 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (expr): warns if BEGIN or END appear in the method
- 	  bodies.
-
-	* string.c (str_match): calls y =~ x if y is neither String nor
-	  Regexp so that eregex.rb works.  
-
-	* eval.c (f_at_exit): to register end proc.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_module_function): define 'function' method
-	  for the Module, not private method.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_function): function to define `function' method.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): inherit visibility from superclass's method
-	  except when it is set to `function'
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): new visibility status `function'.
-
-	* parse.y (yycompile): do not clear eval_tree. thus enable multiple 
-	  command line script by option `-e'.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): END execute just once.
-
-	* parse.y (expr): BEGIN/END built in the syntax.
-
-Thu Dec 11 13:14:35 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (mod_le): Module (or Class) comparison.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_remove_method): raises NameError if named method does 
-	  not exist.
-
-	* ext/curses/curses.c: remove CHECK macro for BSD curses.
-
-Thu Dec 11 12:44:01 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c: sun4 cc patch
-
-Wed Dec 10 15:21:36 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/marshal/marshal.c (marshal_load): can supply evolution proc
-	  object as optional second argument.
-
-	* re.c (reg_source): get source string of the regular expression.
-
-Tue Dec  9 10:05:17 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b1 released.
-
-	* parse.y (tokadd): token buffer overrun.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): forgot to protect rb_argv0 from gc.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): call finalizers at process termination.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_call_finalizer_at_exit): call free proc for every Data
- 	  Wrapper, and finalizer for specified objects at termination.
-
-	* version.c (show_version): version format changed.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): wrong match with non-greedy if they appear
-	  more than once in regular expressions.
-
-	* sample/ruby-mode.el (ruby-expr-beg): forgot to handle modifiers.
-
-Mon Dec  8 19:00:15 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_puts): just put a newline if no argument given.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (lib_mainloop): thread-aware tk handle
- 	  when $tk_thread_safe is set.
-
-	* ext/tcltklib/tcltklib.c (lib_mainloop): use Tcl_DoOneEvent()
-	  instead of Tk_MainLoop().
-
-Mon Dec  6 07:11:16 1997  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@po.aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_puts): core dumped without any argument.
-
-Fri Dec  5 18:17:17 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (mod_remove_method): remove (not undef) a method from the 
-	  class/module.
-
-	* variable.c (obj_remove_instance_variable): method to remove
-	  instance variables.
-
-Thu Dec  4 13:50:29 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1b0 released.
-
-	* string.c (str_aref): called str_index for regexp.
-
-Mon Dec  1 15:24:41 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* compar.c (cmp_between): wrong comparison made.
-
-Wed Nov 26 18:18:05 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: generate Makefile for extension modules out of ruby 
-	  source tree. use like `ruby -r mkmf extconf.rb'.
-
-	* numeric.c (fix2str): enlarge buffer to prevent overflow on some
-	  machines.
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): wrong line number generated after here-doc.
-
-Fri Nov 21 13:17:12 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): skip multibyte characters in comments.
-
-Wed Nov 19 17:19:20 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (nil_to_a): nil.to_a => [].
-
-	* parse.y (call_args): wrong node generation.
-
-Tue Nov 18 10:13:08 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* array.c (Init_Array): Array#=== works as Array#include?
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): insert initialize code for jump_n, 
-	  before entering loops.
-
-	* re.c (reg_search): does not save registers unless $& etc appear
-	  in the script.
-
-Mon Nov 17 13:01:43 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): add defined? check for receivers and
- 	  arguments for calls.
-
-	* re.c (reg_search): cache last match object.
-
-	* re.c (match_aref): $[0] etc. are available.
-
-Sat Nov 15 00:11:36 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_s_popen): "rb" detection
-
-Fri Nov 14 18:28:40 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (scan_once): returns whole match if the pattern does
-	  not contain any parentheses.
-
-Thu Nov 13 14:39:06 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_sub): returns copy of the receiver string, even if 
-	  any substitution occurred.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): no-width match by (?=..), (?!..).
-
-Wed Nov 12 13:44:47 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* time.c: remove coerce from Time class.
-
-	* regex.c (re_match): non-greedy match by ??, *? +?, {n,m}?.
-
-Mon Nov 10 11:24:51 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): non-registering parens (?:..).
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): new meta character \< (wordbeg)
-	  and \> (wordend).
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): embedded comment for regular
-	  expression by (?#...).
-
-Fri Nov  7 16:58:24 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): perl5 regxp \A and \Z available.
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): can expand compile stack dynamically.
-
-	* regex.c (PUSH_FAILURE_POINT): wrong compare condition.
-
-Wed Nov  2 16:00:00 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_sub_s): "".sub! "", "" => "\000"
-
-Fri Oct 31 15:52:10 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (assoc): keyword assoc like {fg->"black"}.
-
-Thu Oct 30 17:33:38 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_println): print with newline, which is not affected by
-	  the values of $/ and $\.
-
-Thu Oct 30 16:54:01 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_chop_bang): "".chop caused SEGV.
-
-	* string.c (str_chomp_bang): method to chop out last newline.
-
-Mon Oct 27 13:49:13 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb.in: library may have pathname contains `.'
-
-	* eval.c (rb_rescue): should not protect SystemError.
-
-Fri Oct 24 10:58:53 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_s_with_open_stream): ensures to close stream.
-
-Thu Oct 23 11:17:44 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_errset): value of $stderr can be changed (to any IO
- 	  object).
-
-	* io.c (next_argv): $< can be anything that responds to `write'.
-
-	* file.c (file_s_with_open_file): ensures to close file.
-
-	* error.c (exception): create error under the current class/module.
-
-	* range.c (range_eqq): fixnum check for last needed too.
-
-Wed Oct 22 12:52:30 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: Socket::Constants added.
-
-	* file.c: File::Constants added for inclusion.
-
-	* array.c (ary_join): call ary_join() recursively for the 1st
- 	  array element.
-
-Mon Oct 20 12:18:29 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): wrong condition for #! check with -x.
-
-	* file.c (file_s_dirname): did return "" for "/a".
-
-Fri Oct 17 14:29:09 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c: now works on alpha-linux.
-
-	* bignum.c (bigadd): some undefined side effect order assumed.
-
-Wed Oct 15 17:49:24 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* intern.h: function prototypes added.
-
-Mon Oct 13 16:54:18 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class_id): call superclass's `inherited'
- 	  method when making subclasses.
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): clear lex_lastline at the end of file.
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): need to undef Class#append_features.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): no warning on extending classes or modules.
-
-Thu Oct  9 11:17:50 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (error_print): the exception name follows after the error 
-	  message.
-
-	* eval.c (compile_error): error message slightly changed.
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): script parsing will be terminated by __END__ at
- 	  beginning of line.
-
-	* eval.c (compile_error): `__END__' is no longer a keyword.
-
-	* parse.y (nextc): protect lastline read from script stream.
-
-Tue Oct  7 14:06:06 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha9 released.
-
-	* eval.c (mod_append_features): renamed from extend_class.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): defining method calls `method_added'.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_options): exception while processing options must
-	  terminate the interpreter.
-
-	* error.c (Init_Exception): wrong method configuration.  `new'
-	  should have been a singleton method.
-
-Mon Oct  6 18:55:38 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/kconv/kconv.c (kconv_guess): code to guess character code
-	  from string.
-
-Mon Oct  6 18:38:17 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* pack.c: now encode/decode base64 by `m' template.
-
-Fri Oct  3 10:51:10 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* MANIFEST: needed to include lex.c in the distribution.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_options): f_require() called too early.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_provide): module extensions should always be `.o'.
-
-Thu Oct  2 11:38:31 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha8 released.
-
-	* ext/marshal/marshal.c (r_object): remove temporal regist for
- 	  structs. (caused problem if structs form cycles.)
-
-	* parse.y (match_gen): static binding for match(=~) calls
-	  with regexp literals.
-
-Wed Oct  1 15:26:55 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c: protect retval in struct tag from GC for C_ALLOCA.
-
-	* eval.c: no more pointer value from setjmp/longjmp.
-
-Wed Oct  1 14:01:49 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/marshal/marshal.c (w_byte): argument must be char.
-
-Wed Oct  1 10:30:22 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (mod_const_at): global constants now belongs to the
-	  class Object.
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): new global constant NIL.
-
-	* ext/marshal/marshal.c (marshal_dump): try to set binmode.
-
-	* ext/marshal/marshal.c (r_object): forgot to re-regist structs in 
-	  the object table.
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_options): call Init_ext() before any require()
- 	  calls by `-r'.
-
-Fri Sep 30 14:29:22 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/marshal/marshal.c (w_object): marshal dumped core.
-
-Tue Sep 30 10:27:39 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sample/test.rb: bignum test suits added.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): new pseudo variable `true' and `false'.
-
-	* parse.y: new keywords `true' and `false' added.
-
-Mon Sep 29 13:37:58 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (forbid_setid): forbid some options in suid mode.
-
-	* ruby.h (NUM2DBL): new macro to convert into doubles.
-
-Mon Sep 27 09:53:48 1997  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.or.jp>
-
-	* bignum.c: modified for speeding.
-
-Fri Sep 26 18:27:59 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* sample/from.rb: some extensions.
-
-Mon Sep 29 13:15:56 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (lhs): no more syntax error on `obj.CONSTANT = value'.
-
-Fri Sep 26 14:41:46 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_run): deferred calling Init_ext() just before eval_node.
-
-Fri Sep 26 13:27:24 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_isatty): forgot to return TRUE value.
-
-Fri Sep 25 11:10:58 1997  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.or.jp>
-
-	* eval.c: use _setjmp/_longjmp instead of setjmp/longjmp on some
-	  platforms.
-
-Wed Sep 24 17:43:13 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* string.c (Init_String): String#taint and String#taint? added.
-
-	* class.c (mod_ancestors): ancestors include the class itself.
-
-Wed Sep 24 00:57:00 1997  Katsuyuki Okabe  <HGC02147@niftyserve.or.jp>
-
-	* X68000 patch.
-
-Tue Sep 23 20:42:30 1997  EGUCHI Osamu  <eguchi@shizuokanet.or.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (node_newnode): SEGV on null node setup.
-
-Mon Sep 22 11:22:46 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): wrong safe condition check.
-
-Sun Sep 21 14:46:02 1997  MAEDA shugo  <shugo@po.aianet.ne.jp>
-
-	* error.c (exc_inspect): garbage added to classpath.
-
-Fri Sep 19 11:49:23 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (newtok): forgot to adjust buffer size when shrinking
-	  the token buffer.
-
-	* enum.c (enum_find): rb_eval_cmd() does not return value.
-
-	* io.c (pipe_open): close fds on pipe exec. fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, 1)
-	  no longer used.
-
-Tue Sep 16 17:54:25 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* file.c (f_test): problem if wrong command specified.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): close stdaux and stdprn for MSDOS.
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): should not add path from environment
-	  variable, if ruby is running under setuid.
-
-	* process.c (init_ids): check suid check for setuid/seteuid etc.
-
-Mon Sep 15 00:42:04 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* regex.c (re_compile_pattern): \w{3} and \W{3} did not work.
-
-Thu Sep 11 10:31:48 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha7 released.
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_new): no setbuf() for NT.
-
-	* io.c (rb_fopen,rb_fdopen): set close-on-exec for every fd.
-
-Wed Sep 10 15:55:31 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/marshal/marshal.c (r_bytes0): extra big length check.
-
-Tue Sep  9 16:27:14 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (pipe_fptr_atexit): clean up popen()'ed fptr.
-
-	* error.c (set_syserr): some system has error code that is bigger
-	  than sys_nerr. grrr.
-
-Mon Sep  8 18:33:33 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* io.c (io_s_new): dereferenced nil for optional mode.
-
-Fri Sep  5 10:26:03 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (class_instance_methods): do not include methods which
-	  are changed to private in subclasses.
-
-Thu Sep  4 12:38:53 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* variable.c (f_global_variables): list name of the global
-	  variables.
-
-	* object.c (obj_id): returns unique integer.
-
-Wed Sep  3 14:05:16 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha6 released.
-
-	* eval.c (mod_s_constants): context sensitive constant list.
-
-	* variable.c (mod_constants): no more `all' option.
-
-	* variable.c (mod_const_of): the values for autoload classes are
-	  their name strings.
-
-	* class.c (class_instance_methods): no special treatment for
-	  singleton classes.
-
-	* object.c (obj_singleton_methods): returns list of singleton
-	  method names.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): no here document after `class' keyword.
-
-	* eval.c (f_load): expand path if fname begins with `~'.
-
-Tue Sep  2 13:19:48 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_i): do not list undef'ed methods.
-
-Mon Sep  1 13:42:48 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha5 released.
-
-	* object.c (mod_attr_reader): create methods to define attribute
- 	  reader/write/accessor.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_attr): always defines accessors.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): alias occurred in the module body caused SEGV.
-
-	* parse.y: did not generate here document strings properly.
-
-Mon Sep  1 11:43:57 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): heredoc dropped an extra character.
-
-Fri Aug 29 11:10:21 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* class.c (class_instance_methods): same method names should not
- 	  appear more than once.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): spaces can follow =begin/=end.
-
-	* variable.c (find_class_path): look for class_tbl also for
-	  unnamed fundamental classes, such as Object, String, etc.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_name_class): can't name class before String class
- 	  is initialized.
-
-	* inits.c (rb_call_inits): unrecognized dependency from GC to
-	  Array.
-
-	* variable.c (find_class_path): could not find class if Object's
- 	  iv_tbl is NULL.
-
-Thu Aug 28 13:12:05 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha4 released.
-
-	* variable.c (mod_constants): wrong condition for singleton
-	  class. 
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): revised `=begin' skip code.
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): forgot to free(eos).
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): spaces after `<<' prohibited for here
- 	  documents to avoid confusing with operator `<<'.
-
-	* eval.c (is_defined): separated from rb_eval().
-
-Wed Aug 27 11:32:42 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha3 released.
-
-	* variable.c (mod_name): returns name of the class/module.
-
-	* parse.y (here_document): finally here document available now.
-
-	* variable.c (fc_i): some classes/modules does not have iv_tbl.
-
-	* variable.c (find_class_path): avoid infinite loop.
-
-Tue Aug 26 13:43:47 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): undef'ing non-existing method will raise
-	  NameError exception.
-
-	* object.c (class_s_new): needed to create metaclass too.
-
-	* eval.c (error_print): no class name print for anonymous class.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_longjmp): proper exception raised if raise() called
- 	  without arguments, with $! or $@ set.
-
-	* object.c (Init_Object): superclass()'s method argument setting
- 	  was wrong again.
-
-	* class.c (mod_ancestors): list superclasses and included modules 
-	  in priority order.
-
-Mon Aug 25 11:53:11 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha2 released.
-
-	* sample/ruby-mode.el (ruby-parse-region): auto-indent now
- 	  supports "\\" in the strings.
-
-	* struct.c (struct_getmember): new API to get member value from C
-	  language side.
-
-Sat Aug 23 21:39:05 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (assignable): remove unnecessary local variable
-	  initialize by nil.
-
-Fri Aug 22 14:26:40 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (error_print): modified exception print format.
-
-Thu Aug 21 16:10:58 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* sample/ruby-mode.el (ruby-calculate-indent): wrong indent level
-	  calculated with keyword operators.
-
-Thu Aug 21 11:36:58 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): ary[0] += 1 cause SEGV
-
-Wed Aug 20 17:28:50 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_process_options): require() all modules after
- 	  processing all options
-
-	* process.c (rb_proc_exec): more security checks added.
-
-	* process.c (rb_proc_exec): insecure path on exec.
-
-	* hash.c (f_getenv): PATH modification security check.
-
-Tue Aug 19 00:15:38 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha1 released.
-
-	* eval.c (mod_eval): work as normal eval() if second binding
- 	  argument given.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_call): did not raise ArgumentError if too many
- 	  arguments more than optional arguments (without rest arg).
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): did not work well for op_asgn2 (attribute
-	  self assignment).
-
-	* eval.c (Init_Thread): returns main thread.
-
-Mon Aug 18 09:25:56 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* object.c (inspect_i): did not display T_DATA instance variables.
-
-	* parse.y: provides more accurate line number information.
-
-	* eval.c (thread_value): include value's backtrace information in
-	  the variable `$@'. 
-
-	* eval.c (f_abort): print backtrace and exit.
-
-Sat Aug 16 00:17:44 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (class_new_instance): do not make instance from virtual
-	  classes. 
-
-	* object.c (class_s_new): do not make subclass of singleton class.
-
-Fri Aug 15 15:49:46 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* eval.c (call_trace_func): block context switch in the trace
-	  function.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_eval): clear method cache at class extension.
-
-	* object.c (obj_type): returns object's class even if it defines
-	  singleton methods.
-
-Fri Aug 15 19:40:43 1997  WATANABE Hirofumi  <watanabe@ase.ptg.sony.co.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (Init_socket): small typo caused SEGV.
-
-Wed Aug 13 17:51:46 1997  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@netlab.co.jp>
-
-	* version 1.1 alpha0 released.
diff --git a/GPL b/GPL
index 5b6e7c66c2..d159169d10 100644
--- a/GPL
+++ b/GPL
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
-		       Version 2, June 1991
+                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 2, June 1991
 
- Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-                       59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
  Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
  of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
 
-			    Preamble
+                            Preamble
 
   The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
 freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
 using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
-the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
+the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
 your programs, too.
 
   When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
 
   The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
 modification follow.
-
-		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+
+                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
    TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
 
   0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
     License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
     does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
     the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
-
+
 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
 compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
-
+
   4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
 except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ impose that choice.
 
 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
 be a consequence of the rest of this License.
-
+
   8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
 of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
 of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
 
-			    NO WARRANTY
+                            NO WARRANTY
 
   11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
 FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
@@ -277,9 +277,9 @@ YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
 PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
 
-		     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-
-	    How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
 
   If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
@@ -303,10 +303,9 @@ the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     GNU General Public License for more details.
 
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
-
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+    with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+    51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 
 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
 
@@ -336,5 +335,5 @@ necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
 proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
-library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
+library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
 Public License instead of this License.
diff --git a/KNOWNBUGS.rb b/KNOWNBUGS.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..35a8e75876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/KNOWNBUGS.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#
+# IMPORTANT: Always keep the first 7 lines (comments),
+# even if this file is otherwise empty.
+#
+# This test file includes tests which point out known bugs.
+# So all tests will cause failure.
+#
diff --git a/LEGAL b/LEGAL
index 8a87bfa668..0423d57ac9 100644
--- a/LEGAL
+++ b/LEGAL
@@ -1,61 +1,331 @@
-LEGAL NOTICE INFORMATION
-------------------------
+# -*- rdoc -*-
+
+= LEGAL NOTICE INFORMATION
+--------------------------
 
 All the files in this distribution are covered under either the Ruby's
 license (see the file COPYING) or public-domain except some files
 mentioned below.
 
-regex.[ch]:
+[addr2line.c]
 
-  These files are under LGPL.  Treat them as LGPL says. (See the file
-  LGPL for details)
+  A part of this file is from FreeBSD.
 
-    Extended regular expression matching and search library.
-    Copyright (C) 1993, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 1986, 1988, 1991, 1993::
+    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 
-    The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-    modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as
-    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
-    License, or (at your option) any later version.
+    (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
 
-    The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
-    Library General Public License for more details.
+    All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
+    to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
+    Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
+    the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+    4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+       without specific prior written permission.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+    FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+    OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+    OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+    SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+	@(#)subr_prf.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
+
+
+[ccan/build_assert/build_assert.h]
+[ccan/check_type/check_type.h]
+[ccan/container_of/container_of.h]
+[ccan/str/str.h]
+
+  These files are licensed under the {CC0}[https://creativecommons.org/choose/zero/].
+
+[ccan/list/list.h]
+
+  This file is licensed under the {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License].
+
+[coroutine]
+
+  Unless otherwise specified, these files are licensed under the
+  {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License].
+
+[include/ruby/onigmo.h]
+[include/ruby/oniguruma.h]
+[regcomp.c]
+[regenc.c]
+[regenc.h]
+[regerror.c]
+[regexec.c]
+[regint.h]
+[regparse.c]
+[regparse.h]
+[enc/ascii.c]
+[enc/big5.c]
+[enc/cp949.c]
+[enc/emacs_mule.c]
+[enc/encdb.c]
+[enc/euc_jp.c]
+[enc/euc_kr.c]
+[enc/euc_tw.c]
+[enc/gb18030.c]
+[enc/gb2312.c]
+[enc/gbk.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_1.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_10.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_11.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_13.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_14.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_15.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_16.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_2.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_3.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_4.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_5.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_6.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_7.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_8.c]
+[enc/iso_8859_9.c]
+[enc/koi8_r.c]
+[enc/koi8_u.c]
+[enc/shift_jis.c]
+[enc/unicode.c]
+[enc/us_ascii.c]
+[enc/utf_16be.c]
+[enc/utf_16le.c]
+[enc/utf_32be.c]
+[enc/utf_32le.c]
+[enc/utf_8.c]
+[enc/windows_1251.c]
+[enc/windows_31j.c]
+
+  Onigmo (Oniguruma-mod) LICENSE
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2002-2009::  K.Kosako  <sndgk393 AT ybb DOT ne DOT jp>
+    Copyright (c) 2011-2014::  K.Takata  <kentkt AT csc DOT jp>
+    All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+    FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+    OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+    OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+    SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
-    License along with the GNU C Library; see the file LGPL.  If not,
-    write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
-    Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
+  Oniguruma LICENSE
 
-    Multi-byte extension added May, 1993 by t^2 (Takahiro Tanimoto)
-    Last change: May 21, 1993 by t^2
-    removed gapped buffer support, multiple syntax support by matz <matz@nts.co.jp>
-    Perl5 extension added by matz <matz@caelum.co.jp>
-    UTF-8 extension added Jan 16 1999 by Yoshida Masato  <yoshidam@tau.bekkoame.ne.jp>
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2002-2009::  K.Kosako  <sndgk393 AT ybb DOT ne DOT jp>
+    All rights reserved.
 
-configure:
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+    FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+    OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+    OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+    SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+  * https://github.com/k-takata/Onigmo/
+  * https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma
+  * https://svnweb.freebsd.org/ports/head/devel/oniguruma/
+
+    When this software is partly used or it is distributed with Ruby,
+    this of Ruby follows the license of Ruby.
+
+[enc/windows_1250.c]
+[enc/windows_1252.c]
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2007::  Byte      <byte AT mail DOT kna DOT ru>
+                               K.Kosako  <sndgk393 AT ybb DOT ne DOT jp>
+    All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+    FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+    OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+    OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+    SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+[enc/cesu_8.c]
+[enc/windows_1253.c]
+[enc/windows_1254.c]
+[enc/windows_1257.c]
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2002-2007::  K.Kosako  <sndgk393 AT ybb DOT ne DOT jp>
+    All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+    FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+    OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+    OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+    SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+[enc/trans/GB/GB12345%UCS.src]
+[enc/trans/GB/UCS%GB12345.src]
+[enc/trans/GB/GB2312%UCS.src]
+[enc/trans/GB/UCS%GB2312.src]
+
+  These files have this explanatory texts.
+
+  >>>
+    This mapping data was created from files provided by Unicode, Inc.
+    (The Unicode Consortium). The files were used to create a product supporting
+    Unicode, as explicitly permitted in the files' copyright notices.
+    Please note that Unicode, Inc. never made any claims as to fitness of these
+    files for any particular purpose, and has ceased to publish the files many
+    years ago.
+
+[enc/trans/JIS/JISX0201-KANA%UCS.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/JISX0208\@1990%UCS.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/JISX0212%UCS.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/UCS%JISX0201-KANA.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/UCS%JISX0208@1990.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/UCS%JISX0212.src]
+
+  These files are copyrighted as the following.
+
+  >>>
+    © 2015 Unicode®, Inc.
+
+    For terms of use, see http://www.unicode.org/terms_of_use.html
+
+[enc/trans/JIS/JISX0213-1%UCS@BMP.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/JISX0213-1%UCS@SIP.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/JISX0213-2%UCS@BMP.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/JISX0213-2%UCS@SIP.src]
+
+  These files are copyrighted as the following.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 2001:: earthian@tama.or.jp, All Rights Reserved.
+    Copyright (C) 2001:: I'O, All Rights Reserved.
+    Copyright (C) 2006:: Project X0213, All Rights Reserved.
+    You can use, modify, distribute this table freely.
+
+[enc/trans/JIS/UCS@BMP%JISX0213-1.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/UCS@BMP%JISX0213-2.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/UCS@SIP%JISX0213-1.src]
+[enc/trans/JIS/UCS@SIP%JISX0213-2.src]
+
+  These files are copyrighted as the following.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 2001:: earthian@tama.or.jp, All Rights Reserved.
+    Copyright (C) 2001:: I'O, All Rights Reserved.
+    You can use, modify, distribute this table freely.
+
+[enc/trans/ucm/glibc-BIG5-2.3.3.ucm]
+[enc/trans/ucm/glibc-BIG5HKSCS-2.3.3.ucm]
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 2001-2005:: International Business Machines
+                              Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+[enc/trans/ucm/windows-950-2000.ucm]
+[enc/trans/ucm/windows-950_hkscs-2001.ucm]
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 2001-2002:: International Business Machines
+                              Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
+
+
+[configure]
 
   This file is free software.
 
-    Copyright (C) 1992, 93, 94, 95, 96 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 1992-1996, 1998-2012:: Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
     This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
     gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
 
-config.guess:
-config.sub:
-parse.c:
+[tool/config.guess]
+[tool/config.sub]
 
   As long as you distribute these files with the file configure, they
   are covered under the Ruby's license.
 
-      Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999
-      Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+  >>>
+    Copyright 1992-2018:: Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
     This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
     under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
     (at your option) any later version.
 
     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
@@ -64,54 +334,165 @@ parse.c:
     General Public License for more details.
 
     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+    along with this program; if not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
     As a special exception to the GNU General Public License, if you
     distribute this file as part of a program that contains a
     configuration script generated by Autoconf, you may include it under
-    the same distribution terms that you use for the rest of that program.
+    the same distribution terms that you use for the rest of that
+    program.  This Exception is an additional permission under section 7
+    of the GNU General Public License, version 3 ("GPLv3").
+
+[tool/lib/test/*]
+[tool/lib/core_assertions.rb]
+
+  Some of methods on these files are based on MiniTest 4. MiniTest 4 is
+  distributed under the MIT License.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) Ryan Davis, seattle.rb
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+    a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+    'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+    without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+    distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+    permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+    the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+    EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+    CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+    TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+    SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+[parse.c]
+[parse.h]
+
+  These files are licensed under the GPL, but are incorporated into Ruby and
+  redistributed under the terms of the Ruby license, as permitted by the
+  exception to the GPL below.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 1984, 1989-1990, 2000-2015, 2018:: Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+    As a special exception, you may create a larger work that contains
+    part or all of the Bison parser skeleton and distribute that work
+    under terms of your choice, so long as that work isn't itself a
+    parser generator using the skeleton or a modified version thereof
+    as a parser skeleton.  Alternatively, if you modify or redistribute
+    the parser skeleton itself, you may (at your option) remove this
+    special exception, which will cause the skeleton and the resulting
+    Bison output files to be licensed under the GNU General Public
+    License without this special exception.
+
+    This special exception was added by the Free Software Foundation in
+    version 2.2 of Bison.
+
+[missing/dtoa.c]
+
+  This file is under these licenses.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 1991, 2000, 2001:: by Lucent Technologies.
+
+    Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+    purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this entire notice
+    is included in all copies of any software which is or includes a copy
+    or modification of this software and in all copies of the supporting
+    documentation for such software.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS BEING PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+    WARRANTY.  IN PARTICULAR, NEITHER THE AUTHOR NOR LUCENT MAKES ANY
+    REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE MERCHANTABILITY
+    OF THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2004-2008:: David Schultz <das@FreeBSD.ORG>
+                              All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+    FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+    OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+    OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+    SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-util.c (partly):
-win32/win32.[ch]:
+[win32/win32.c]
+[include/ruby/win32.h]
 
   You can apply the Artistic License to these files. (or GPL,
   alternatively)
 
-    Copyright (c) 1993, Intergraph Corporation
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 1993:: Intergraph Corporation
 
     You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
     License or the Artistic License, as specified in the perl README file.
 
-random.c
+[missing/mt19937.c]
 
   This file is under the new-style BSD license.
 
-    A C-program for MT19937, with initialization improved 2002/2/10.
+  >>>
+    A C-program for MT19937, with initialization improved 2002/2/10.::
     Coded by Takuji Nishimura and Makoto Matsumoto.
+
     This is a faster version by taking Shawn Cokus's optimization,
     Matthe Bellew's simplification, Isaku Wada's real version.
 
-    Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand(seed) 
+    Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand(seed)
     or init_by_array(init_key, key_length).
 
-    Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
-    All rights reserved.                          
+    Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002:: Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
+                                All rights reserved.
 
     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     are met:
 
-      1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-	 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 
-      2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-	 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-	 documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 
-      3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote 
-	 products derived from this software without specific prior written 
-	 permission.
+    3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
+       products derived from this software without specific prior written
+       permission.
 
     THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
     "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
@@ -130,71 +511,15 @@ random.c
     http://www.math.keio.ac.jp/matumoto/emt.html
     email: matumoto@math.keio.ac.jp
 
-st.[ch]:
-x68/*:
-missing/alloca.c:
-missing/dup2.c:
-missing/finite.c:
-missing/hypot.c:
-missing/isinf.c:
-missing/isnan.c:
-missing/memcmp.c:
-missing/memmove.c:
-missing/mkdir.c:
-missing/strcasecmp.c:
-missing/strchr.c:
-missing/streror.c:
-missing/strftime.c:
-missing/strncasecmp.c:
-missing/strstr.c:
-missing/strtol.c:
-ext/digest/sha1/sha1.[ch]:
-
-  These files are all under public domain.
-
-missing/strtod.c:
+  The Wayback Machine url: http://web.archive.org/web/19990429082237/http://www.math.keio.ac.jp/matumoto/emt.html
 
-  This file will not be used on most platforms depending on how the
-  configure script results.  In any case you must not receive any fee
-  with the file itself.
+[missing/procstat_vm.c]
 
-    Copyright (c) 1988-1993 The Regents of the University of California.
-    Copyright (c) 1994 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
-
-    Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
-    software and its documentation for any purpose and without
-    fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright
-    notice appear in all copies.  The University of California
-    makes no representations about the suitability of this
-    software for any purpose.  It is provided "as is" without
-    express or implied warranty.
-
-missing/strtoul.c:
-
-  This file will not be used on most platforms depending on how the
-  configure script results.  In any case you must not receive any fee
-  with the file itself.
-
-    Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California
-
-    Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
-    software and its documentation for any purpose and without
-    fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright
-    notice appear in all copies.  The University of California
-    makes no representations about the suitability of this
-    software for any purpose.  It is provided "as is" without
-    express or implied warranty.
-
-missing/vsnprintf.c:
-
-  This file is under the old-style BSD license.  Note that the
-  paragraph 3 below is now null and void.
+  This file is under the new-style BSD license.
 
-    Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
-         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
-
-    This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
-    Chris Torek.
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2007:: Robert N. M. Watson
+                         All rights reserved.
 
     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
@@ -204,18 +529,11 @@ missing/vsnprintf.c:
     2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
        notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
        documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-    3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
-       must display the following acknowledgement:
-         This product includes software developed by the University of
-         California, Berkeley and its contributors.
-    4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-       without specific prior written permission.
 
-    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
@@ -224,17 +542,100 @@ missing/vsnprintf.c:
     OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-    IMPORTANT NOTE:
-    --------------
-    From ftp://ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/4bsd/README.Impt.License.Change
-    paragraph 3 above is now null and void.
+    $FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/procstat/procstat_vm.c 261780 2014-02-11 21:57:37Z jhb $
+
+[vsnprintf.c]
+
+  This file is under the {old-style BSD license}[rdoc-label:label-Old-style+BSD+license].
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 1990, 1993::
+    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 
-ext/digest/md5/md5.[ch]:
+    This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+    Chris Torek.
+
+[st.c]
+[strftime.c]
+[include/ruby/st.h]
+[missing/acosh.c]
+[missing/alloca.c]
+[missing/erf.c]
+[missing/hypot.c]
+[missing/lgamma_r.c]
+[missing/memcmp.c]
+[missing/memmove.c]
+[missing/strchr.c]
+[missing/strerror.c]
+[missing/strstr.c]
+[missing/tgamma.c]
+[ext/date/date_strftime.c]
+[ext/digest/sha1/sha1.c]
+[ext/digest/sha1/sha1.h]
+
+  These files are all under public domain.
+
+[missing/crypt.c]
+
+  This file is under the {old-style BSD license}[rdoc-label:label-Old-style+BSD+license].
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 1989, 1993::
+    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+
+    This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+    Tom Truscott.
+
+[missing/setproctitle.c]
+
+  This file is under the {old-style BSD license}[rdoc-label:label-Old-style+BSD+license].
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright 2003:: Damien Miller
+    Copyright (c) 1983, 1995-1997:: Eric P. Allman
+    Copyright (c) 1988, 1993::
+    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+
+[missing/strlcat.c]
+[missing/strlcpy.c]
+
+  These files are under an ISC-style license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 1998, 2015:: Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
+
+    Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+    purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+    copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+    WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+    ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+    WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+    ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+[missing/langinfo.c]
+
+  This file is from http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/langinfo.c.
+  Ruby uses a modified version. The file contains the following
+  author/copyright notice:
+
+  >>>
+    Markus.Kuhn@cl.cam.ac.uk -- 2002-03-11::
+    Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
+    for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted. The author
+    disclaims all warranties with regard to this software.
+
+[ext/digest/md5/md5.c]
+[ext/digest/md5/md5.h]
 
   These files are under the following license.  Ruby uses modified
   versions of them.
 
-    Copyright (C) 1999, 2000 Aladdin Enterprises.  All rights reserved.
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 1999, 2000:: Aladdin Enterprises.  All rights reserved.
 
     This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
     warranty.  In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
@@ -255,34 +656,27 @@ ext/digest/md5/md5.[ch]:
     L. Peter Deutsch
     ghost@aladdin.com
 
-ext/digest/rmd160/rmd160.[ch]:
+[ext/digest/rmd160/rmd160.c]
+[ext/digest/rmd160/rmd160.h]
 
   These files have the following copyright information, and by the
   author we are allowed to use it under the new-style BSD license.
 
-    AUTHOR:   Antoon Bosselaers, ESAT-COSIC
+  >>>
+    AUTHOR::  Antoon Bosselaers, ESAT-COSIC
               (Arranged for libc by Todd C. Miller)
-    DATE:     1 March 1996
+    DATE::    1 March 1996
 
-    Copyright (c) Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
+    Copyright (c):: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
     1996, All Rights Reserved
 
-ext/digest/rmd160/rmd160hl.c:
-ext/digest/sha1/sha1hl.c:
-
-  These files are under the beer-ware license.
-
-    "THE BEER-WARE LICENSE" (Revision 42):
-    <phk@login.dkuug.dk> wrote this file.  As long as you retain this notice you
-    can do whatever you want with this stuff. If we meet some day, and you think
-    this stuff is worth it, you can buy me a beer in return.   Poul-Henning Kamp
-
-ext/digest/sha2/sha2.[ch]:
-ext/digest/sha2/sha2hl.c:
+[ext/digest/sha2/sha2.c]
+[ext/digest/sha2/sha2.h]
 
   These files are under the new-style BSD license.
 
-    Copyright 2000 Aaron D. Gifford.  All rights reserved.
+  >>>
+    Copyright 2000:: Aaron D. Gifford.  All rights reserved.
 
     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
@@ -308,26 +702,123 @@ ext/digest/sha2/sha2hl.c:
     OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-ext/nkf/nkf1.7/nkf.c:
+[ext/json/generator/generator.c]
+
+  The file contains the following copyright notice.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright 2001-2004:: Unicode, Inc.
+
+    Disclaimer::
+
+      This source code is provided as is by Unicode, Inc. No claims are
+      made as to fitness for any particular purpose. No warranties of any
+      kind are expressed or implied. The recipient agrees to determine
+      applicability of information provided. If this file has been
+      purchased on magnetic or optical media from Unicode, Inc., the
+      sole remedy for any claim will be exchange of defective media
+      within 90 days of receipt.
+
+    Limitations on Rights to Redistribute This Code::
 
-  This file is under the following license.  So to speak, it is
+      Unicode, Inc. hereby grants the right to freely use the information
+      supplied in this file in the creation of products supporting the
+      Unicode Standard, and to make copies of this file in any form
+      for internal or external distribution as long as this notice
+      remains attached.
+
+[ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/config.h]
+[ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/nkf.c]
+[ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/utf8tbl.c]
+
+  These files are under the following license.  So to speak, it is
   copyrighted semi-public-domain software.
 
-    Copyright (C) 1987, Fujitsu LTD. (Itaru ICHIKAWA)
-       Everyone is permitted to do anything on this program 
-       including copying, modifying, improving.
-       as long as you don't try to pretend that you wrote it.
-       i.e., the above copyright notice has to appear in all copies.
-       You don't have to ask before copying or publishing.
-       THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE.
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 1987:: Fujitsu LTD. (Itaru ICHIKAWA)
+
+    Everyone is permitted to do anything on this program
+    including copying, modifying, improving,
+    as long as you don't try to pretend that you wrote it.
+    i.e., the above copyright notice has to appear in all copies.
+    Binary distribution requires original version messages.
+    You don't have to ask before copying, redistribution or publishing.
+    THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+[ext/psych]
+[test/psych]
+
+  The files under these directories are under the following license, except for
+  ext/psych/yaml.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright 2009:: Aaron Patterson, et al.
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+    this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to deal in
+    the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+    use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+    of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+    so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+    copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+    OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+    SOFTWARE.
 
-ext/socket/addrinfo.h:
-ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c:
-ext/socket/getnameinfo.c:
+[ext/psych/yaml]
+
+  The files under this directory are under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2006:: Kirill Simonov
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+    this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+    the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+    use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+    of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+    so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+    copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+    OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+    SOFTWARE.
+
+[ext/pty/pty.c]
+
+  >>>
+    C) Copyright 1998:: by Akinori Ito.
+
+    This software may be redistributed freely for this purpose, in full
+    or in part, provided that this entire copyright notice is included
+    on any copies of this software and applications and derivations thereof.
+
+    This software is provided on an "as is" basis, without warranty of any
+    kind, either expressed or implied, as to any matter including, but not
+    limited to warranty of fitness of purpose, or merchantability, or
+    results obtained from use of this software.
+
+[ext/socket/addrinfo.h]
+[ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c]
+[ext/socket/getnameinfo.c]
 
   These files are under the new-style BSD license.
 
-    Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999 WIDE Project.
+  >>>
+    Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999:: WIDE Project.
     All rights reserved.
 
     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -354,17 +845,275 @@ ext/socket/getnameinfo.c:
     OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-ext/win32ole/win32ole.c:
+[ext/win32ole/win32ole.c]
 
   You can apply the Artistic License to this file. (or GPL,
   alternatively)
 
-    (c) 1995 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+  >>>
+    (c) 1995:: Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
     Developed by ActiveWare Internet Corp., http://www.ActiveWare.com
 
-    Other modifications Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 by Gurusamy Sarathy
+    Other modifications Copyright (c) 1997, 1998:: by Gurusamy Sarathy
     <gsar@umich.edu> and Jan Dubois <jan.dubois@ibm.net>
- 
+
     You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
     License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file
     of the Perl distribution.
+
+  The Wayback Machine url: http://web.archive.org/web/19970607104352/http://www.activeware.com:80/
+
+[lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/css/fonts.css]
+
+  This file is licensed under the {SIL Open Font License}[http://scripts.sil.org/OFL].
+
+[spec/mspec]
+[spec/ruby]
+
+  The files under these directories are under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2008:: Engine Yard, Inc. All rights reserved.
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+    obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+    files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+    restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+    copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+    copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+    Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+    conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+    EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+    NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+    HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+    WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+    FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+    OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+[lib/rubygems.rb]
+[lib/rubygems]
+[test/rubygems]
+
+  RubyGems is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    RubyGems is copyrighted free software by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim
+    Weirich and others.  You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+    either the terms of the {MIT license}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License], or the conditions
+    below:
+
+    1. You may make and give away verbatim copies of the source form of the
+       software without restriction, provided that you duplicate all of the
+       original copyright notices and associated disclaimers.
+
+    2. You may modify your copy of the software in any way, provided that
+       you do at least ONE of the following:
+
+       a. place your modifications in the Public Domain or otherwise
+          make them Freely Available, such as by posting said
+          modifications to Usenet or an equivalent medium, or by allowing
+          the author to include your modifications in the software.
+
+       b. use the modified software only within your corporation or
+          organization.
+
+       c. give non-standard executables non-standard names, with
+          instructions on where to get the original software distribution.
+
+       d. make other distribution arrangements with the author.
+
+    3. You may distribute the software in object code or executable
+       form, provided that you do at least ONE of the following:
+
+       a. distribute the executables and library files of the software,
+          together with instructions (in the manual page or equivalent)
+          on where to get the original distribution.
+
+       b. accompany the distribution with the machine-readable source of
+          the software.
+
+       c. give non-standard executables non-standard names, with
+          instructions on where to get the original software distribution.
+
+       d. make other distribution arrangements with the author.
+
+    4. You may modify and include the part of the software into any other
+       software (possibly commercial).
+
+    5. The scripts and library files supplied as input to or produced as
+       output from the software do not automatically fall under the
+       copyright of the software, but belong to whomever generated them,
+       and may be sold commercially, and may be aggregated with this
+       software.
+
+    6. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
+       IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
+       WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+       PURPOSE.
+
+[lib/bundler]
+[lib/bundler.rb]
+[spec/bundler]
+
+  Bundler is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Portions copyright (c) 2010:: Andre Arko
+    Portions copyright (c) 2009:: Engine Yard
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
+[lib/bundler/vendor/thor]
+
+  Thor is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2008 Yehuda Katz, Eric Hodel, et al.
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
+[lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo]
+
+  molinillo is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2014 Samuel E. Giddins segiddins@segiddins.me
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
+[lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub]
+
+  pub_grub is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2018 John Hawthorn
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
+[lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool]
+
+  connection_pool is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2011 Mike Perham
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
+[lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent]
+
+  net-http-persistent is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) Eric Hodel, Aaron Patterson
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
+[lib/did_you_mean]
+[lib/did_you_mean.rb]
+[test/did_you_mean]
+
+  did_you_mean is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Yuki Nishijima
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
+[lib/error_highlight]
+[lib/error_highlight.rb]
+[test/error_highlight]
+
+  error_highlight is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2021 Yusuke Endoh
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
+[benchmark/so_ackermann.rb]
+[benchmark/so_array.rb]
+[benchmark/so_binary_trees.rb]
+[benchmark/so_concatenate.rb]
+[benchmark/so_count_words.yml]
+[benchmark/so_exception.rb]
+[benchmark/so_fannkuch.rb]
+[benchmark/so_fasta.rb]
+[benchmark/so_k_nucleotide.yml]
+[benchmark/so_lists.rb]
+[benchmark/so_mandelbrot.rb]
+[benchmark/so_matrix.rb]
+[benchmark/so_meteor_contest.rb]
+[benchmark/so_nbody.rb]
+[benchmark/so_nested_loop.rb]
+[benchmark/so_nsieve.rb]
+[benchmark/so_nsieve_bits.rb]
+[benchmark/so_object.rb]
+[benchmark/so_partial_sums.rb]
+[benchmark/so_pidigits.rb]
+[benchmark/so_random.rb]
+[benchmark/so_reverse_complement.yml]
+[benchmark/so_sieve.rb]
+[benchmark/so_spectralnorm.rb]
+
+  These files are very old copy of then-called "The Great Computer Language
+  Shootout".  LEGAL SITUATION OF THESE FILES ARE UNCLEAR because the original
+  site has been lost.  Upstream diverged to delete several benchmarks listed
+  above.
+
+== MIT License
+>>>
+      Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+      a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+      "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+      without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+      distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+      permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+      the following conditions:
+
+      The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+      included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+      THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+      EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+      MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+      NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+      LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+      OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+      WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+== Old-style BSD license
+>>>
+      Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+      modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+      are met:
+      1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+         notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+      2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+         notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+         documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+      3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+         may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+         without specific prior written permission.
+
+      THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+      ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+      IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+      ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+      FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+      DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+      OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+      HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+      LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+      OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+      SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+      IMPORTANT NOTE::
+
+      From ftp://ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/4bsd/README.Impt.License.Change
+      paragraph 3 above is now null and void.
diff --git a/LGPL b/LGPL
deleted file mode 100644
index b1e3f5a263..0000000000
--- a/LGPL
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,504 +0,0 @@
-		  GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
-		       Version 2.1, February 1999
-
- Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-     59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
- Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
- of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
-
-[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL.  It also counts
- as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence
- the version number 2.1.]
-
-			    Preamble
-
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diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
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-COPYING
-COPYING.ja
-ChangeLog
-GPL
-LEGAL
-LGPL
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-Makefile.in
-README
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-README.EXT.ja
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-bignum.c
-class.c
-compar.c
-configure
-configure.in
-config.guess
-config.sub
-defines.h
-dir.c
-dln.c
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-intern.h
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-main.c
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-math.c
-missing.h
-mkconfig.rb
-node.h
-numeric.c
-object.c
-pack.c
-parse.c
-parse.y
-prec.c
-process.c
-random.c
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-re.c
-re.h
-regex.c
-regex.h
-ruby.1
-ruby.c
-ruby.h
-rubyio.h
-rubysig.h
-rubytest.rb
-signal.c
-sprintf.c
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-lib/getoptlong.rb
-lib/getopts.rb
-lib/importenv.rb
-lib/ipaddr.rb
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-lib/irb/cmd/chws.rb
-lib/irb/cmd/fork.rb
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-lib/irb/cmd/pushws.rb
-lib/irb/cmd/subirb.rb
-lib/irb/completion.rb
-lib/irb/context.rb
-lib/irb/ext/change-ws.rb
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-lib/irb/ext/loader.rb
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-lib/irb/ext/use-loader.rb
-lib/irb/ext/workspaces.rb
-lib/irb/extend-command.rb
-lib/irb/frame.rb
-lib/irb/help.rb
-lib/irb/init.rb
-lib/irb/input-method.rb
-lib/irb/lc/error.rb
-lib/irb/lc/help-message
-lib/irb/lc/ja/error.rb
-lib/irb/lc/ja/help-message
-lib/irb/locale.rb
-lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb
-lib/irb/ruby-token.rb
-lib/irb/slex.rb
-lib/irb/version.rb
-lib/irb/workspace.rb
-lib/irb/ws-for-case-2.rb
-lib/irb/xmp.rb
-lib/jcode.rb
-lib/mailread.rb
-lib/mathn.rb
-lib/matrix.rb
-lib/mkmf.rb
-lib/monitor.rb
-lib/mutex_m.rb
-lib/net/ftp.rb
-lib/net/http.rb
-lib/net/imap.rb
-lib/net/pop.rb
-lib/net/protocol.rb
-lib/net/smtp.rb
-lib/net/telnet.rb
-lib/observer.rb
-lib/open-uri.rb
-lib/open3.rb
-lib/optparse.rb
-lib/optparse/shellwords.rb
-lib/optparse/time.rb
-lib/optparse/uri.rb
-lib/ostruct.rb
-lib/parsearg.rb
-lib/parsedate.rb
-lib/ping.rb
-lib/pp.rb
-lib/prettyprint.rb
-lib/profile.rb
-lib/profiler.rb
-lib/pstore.rb
-lib/racc/parser.rb
-lib/rational.rb
-lib/readbytes.rb
-lib/resolv-replace.rb
-lib/resolv.rb
-lib/set.rb
-lib/shell.rb
-lib/shell/builtin-command.rb
-lib/shell/command-processor.rb
-lib/shell/error.rb
-lib/shell/filter.rb
-lib/shell/process-controller.rb
-lib/shell/system-command.rb
-lib/shell/version.rb
-lib/shellwords.rb
-lib/singleton.rb
-lib/sync.rb
-lib/tempfile.rb
-lib/thread.rb
-lib/thwait.rb
-lib/time.rb
-lib/timeout.rb
-lib/tracer.rb
-lib/tsort.rb
-lib/uri.rb
-lib/uri/common.rb
-lib/uri/ftp.rb
-lib/uri/generic.rb
-lib/uri/http.rb
-lib/uri/https.rb
-lib/uri/ldap.rb
-lib/uri/mailto.rb
-lib/weakref.rb
-misc/README
-misc/inf-ruby.el
-misc/ruby-mode.el
-misc/rubydb2x.el
-misc/rubydb3x.el
-missing/acosh.c
-missing/alloca.c
-missing/crypt.c
-missing/dup2.c
-missing/file.h
-missing/fileblocks.c
-missing/finite.c
-missing/flock.c
-missing/hypot.c
-missing/isinf.c
-missing/isnan.c
-missing/memcmp.c
-missing/memmove.c
-missing/mkdir.c
-missing/os2.c
-missing/strcasecmp.c
-missing/strchr.c
-missing/strerror.c
-missing/strftime.c
-missing/strncasecmp.c
-missing/strstr.c
-missing/strtod.c
-missing/strtol.c
-missing/strtoul.c
-missing/vsnprintf.c
-missing/x68.c
-sample/README
-sample/biorhythm.rb
-sample/cal.rb
-sample/cbreak.rb
-sample/clnt.rb
-sample/dbmtest.rb
-sample/dir.rb
-sample/dualstack-fetch.rb
-sample/dualstack-httpd.rb
-sample/eval.rb
-sample/export.rb
-sample/exyacc.rb
-sample/fact.rb
-sample/fib.awk
-sample/fib.pl
-sample/fib.py
-sample/fib.rb
-sample/fib.scm
-sample/freq.rb
-sample/from.rb
-sample/fullpath.rb
-sample/getopts.test
-sample/goodfriday.rb
-sample/less.rb
-sample/list.rb
-sample/list2.rb
-sample/list3.rb
-sample/mine.rb
-sample/mkproto.rb
-sample/mpart.rb
-sample/mrshtest.rb
-sample/observ.rb
-sample/occur.pl
-sample/occur.rb
-sample/occur2.rb
-sample/philos.rb
-sample/pi.rb
-sample/rcs.awk
-sample/rcs.dat
-sample/rcs.rb
-sample/regx.rb
-sample/sieve.rb
-sample/svr.rb
-sample/test.rb
-sample/time.rb
-sample/trojan.rb
-sample/tsvr.rb
-sample/uumerge.rb
-vms/config.h_in
-vms/vms.h
-win32/Makefile.sub
-win32/README.win32
-win32/configure.bat
-win32/dir.h
-win32/mkexports.rb
-win32/resource.rb
-win32/setup.mak
-win32/win32.c
-win32/win32.h
-win32/winmain.c
-x68/_dtos18.c
-x68/_round.c
-x68/fconvert.c
-x68/select.c
-wince/README.wince
-wince/assert.h
-wince/config
-wince/configure.bat
-wince/direct.c
-wince/direct.h
-wince/dll.mak
-wince/errno.c
-wince/errno.h
-wince/exe.mak
-wince/fcntl.h
-wince/io.c
-wince/io.h
-wince/mswince-ruby17.def
-wince/process.c
-wince/process.h
-wince/signal.c
-wince/signal.h
-wince/stddef.h
-wince/stdio.c
-wince/stdlib.c
-wince/string.c
-wince/sys/stat.c
-wince/sys/stat.h
-wince/sys/timeb.c
-wince/sys/timeb.h
-wince/sys/types.h
-wince/sys/utime.c
-wince/sys/utime.h
-wince/time.c
-wince/time.h
-wince/varargs.h
-wince/wince.c
-wince/wince.h
-wince/wincemain.c
-wince/wincon.h
-wince/winsock2.c
diff --git a/Makefile.in b/Makefile.in
deleted file mode 100644
index df6d52bc17..0000000000
--- a/Makefile.in
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,348 +0,0 @@
-SHELL = /bin/sh
-
-#### Start of system configuration section. ####
-
-srcdir = @srcdir@
-VPATH = $(srcdir):$(srcdir)/missing
-
-CC = @CC@
-YACC = @YACC@
-PURIFY =
-AUTOCONF = autoconf
-@SET_MAKE@
-
-prefix = @prefix@
-exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
-bindir = @bindir@
-sbindir = @sbindir@
-libdir = @libdir@
-libexecdir = @libexecdir@
-arch = @arch@
-sitearch = @sitearch@
-sitedir = @sitedir@
-
-CFLAGS = @CFLAGS@ @XCFLAGS@
-CPPFLAGS = -I. -I$(srcdir)
-LDFLAGS = @STATIC@ $(CFLAGS) @LDFLAGS@
-EXTLDFLAGS = 
-XLDFLAGS = @XLDFLAGS@ $(EXTLDFLAGS)
-EXTLIBS = 
-LIBS = @LIBS@ $(EXTLIBS)
-MISSING = @LIBOBJS@ @ALLOCA@
-LDSHARED = @LIBRUBY_LDSHARED@
-DLDFLAGS = @LIBRUBY_DLDFLAGS@
-SOLIBS = @SOLIBS@
-MAINLIBS = @MAINLIBS@
-
-RUBY_INSTALL_NAME=@RUBY_INSTALL_NAME@
-RUBY_SO_NAME=@RUBY_SO_NAME@
-EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@
-PROGRAM=$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)$(EXEEXT)
-RUBY = $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)
-MINIRUBY = @MINIRUBY@
-
-#### End of system configuration section. ####
-
-MAJOR=	@MAJOR@
-MINOR=	@MINOR@
-TEENY=	@TEENY@
-
-LIBRUBY_A     = @LIBRUBY_A@
-LIBRUBY_SO    = @LIBRUBY_SO@
-LIBRUBY_ALIASES= @LIBRUBY_ALIASES@
-LIBRUBY	      = @LIBRUBY@
-LIBRUBYARG    = @LIBRUBYARG@
-LIBRUBYARG_STATIC = @LIBRUBYARG_STATIC@
-LIBRUBYARG_SHARED = @LIBRUBYARG_SHARED@
-
-PREP          = @PREP@ @ARCHFILE@
-SETUP         =
-
-EXTOBJS	      = 
-
-MAINOBJ	      = main.@OBJEXT@
-
-OBJS	      = array.@OBJEXT@ \
-		bignum.@OBJEXT@ \
-		class.@OBJEXT@ \
-		compar.@OBJEXT@ \
-		dir.@OBJEXT@ \
-		dln.@OBJEXT@ \
-		enum.@OBJEXT@ \
-		error.@OBJEXT@ \
-		eval.@OBJEXT@ \
-		file.@OBJEXT@ \
-		gc.@OBJEXT@ \
-		hash.@OBJEXT@ \
-		inits.@OBJEXT@ \
-		io.@OBJEXT@ \
-		marshal.@OBJEXT@ \
-		math.@OBJEXT@ \
-		numeric.@OBJEXT@ \
-		object.@OBJEXT@ \
-		pack.@OBJEXT@ \
-		parse.@OBJEXT@ \
-		process.@OBJEXT@ \
-		prec.@OBJEXT@ \
-		random.@OBJEXT@ \
-		range.@OBJEXT@ \
-		re.@OBJEXT@ \
-		regex.@OBJEXT@ \
-		ruby.@OBJEXT@ \
-		signal.@OBJEXT@ \
-		sprintf.@OBJEXT@ \
-		st.@OBJEXT@ \
-		string.@OBJEXT@ \
-		struct.@OBJEXT@ \
-		time.@OBJEXT@ \
-		util.@OBJEXT@ \
-		variable.@OBJEXT@ \
-		version.@OBJEXT@ \
-		$(MISSING)
-
-all:		@MAKEFILES@ miniruby$(EXEEXT) rbconfig.rb $(LIBRUBY)
-		@$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/ext/extmk.rb --extstatic="@EXTSTATIC@" --make="$(MAKE)" --make-flags="$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS)"
-
-miniruby$(EXEEXT):	config.status $(LIBRUBY_A) $(MAINOBJ) dmyext.@OBJEXT@
-		@rm -f $@
-		$(PURIFY) $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(MAINOBJ) dmyext.@OBJEXT@ $(LIBRUBY_A) $(LIBS) -o $@
-
-$(PROGRAM):     $(LIBRUBY) $(MAINOBJ) $(EXTOBJS) $(SETUP) miniruby$(EXEEXT)
-		@rm -f $@
-		$(PURIFY) $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(XLDFLAGS) $(MAINLIBS) $(MAINOBJ) $(EXTOBJS) $(LIBRUBYARG) $(LIBS) -o $@
-
-$(LIBRUBY_A):	$(OBJS) dmyext.@OBJEXT@
-		@AR@ rcu $@ $(OBJS) dmyext.@OBJEXT@
-		@-@RANLIB@ $@ 2> /dev/null || true
-
-$(LIBRUBY_SO):	$(OBJS) dmyext.@OBJEXT@ miniruby$(EXEEXT) $(PREP)
-		$(LDSHARED) $(DLDFLAGS) $(OBJS) dmyext.@OBJEXT@ $(SOLIBS) -o $@
-		@-$(MINIRUBY) -e 'ARGV.each{|link| File.delete link if File.exist? link; \
-						  File.symlink "$(LIBRUBY_SO)", link}' \
-				$(LIBRUBY_ALIASES) || true
-
-ruby.imp:	$(LIBRUBY_A)
-		@@NM@ -Pgp $(LIBRUBY_A) | awk 'BEGIN{print "#!"}; $$2~/^[BD]$$/{print $$1}' | sort -u -o $@
-# $(MINIRUBY) $< $@
-
-install:	rbconfig.rb
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/instruby.rb --make="$(MAKE)" --make-flags="$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS)" $(DESTDIR)
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/ext/extmk.rb --make="$(MAKE)" --make-flags="$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS) DESTDIR=$(DESTDIR)" install
-
-what-where no-install:	rbconfig.rb
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/instruby.rb --make="$(MAKE)" --make-flags="$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS) -n" $(DESTDIR)
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/ext/extmk.rb --make="$(MAKE)" --make-flags="$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS) -n DESTDIR=$(DESTDIR)" install
-
-clean-ext:
-		@-$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/ext/extmk.rb --make="$(MAKE)" --make-flags="$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS)" clean 2> /dev/null || true
-
-clean-local:
-		@rm -f $(OBJS) $(MAINOBJ) $(LIBRUBY_A) $(LIBRUBY_SO) $(LIBRUBY_ALIASES)
-		@rm -f ext/extinit.c ext/extinit.@OBJEXT@ dmyext.@OBJEXT@
-		@rm -f $(PROGRAM) miniruby$(EXEEXT)
-
-clean: clean-ext clean-local
-
-distclean-ext:
-		@-$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/ext/extmk.rb --make="$(MAKE)" --make-flags="$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS)" distclean 2> /dev/null || true
-
-distclean-local: clean-local
-		@rm -f @MAKEFILES@ config.h rbconfig.rb
-		@rm -f ext/config.cache config.cache config.log config.status
-		@rm -f *~ core *.core gmon.out y.tab.c y.output ruby.imp
-
-distclean: distclean-ext distclean-local
-
-realclean: 	distclean
-		@rm -f parse.c
-		@rm -f lex.c
-
-test:		miniruby$(EXEEXT) rbconfig.rb $(PROGRAM)
-		@./miniruby$(EXEEXT) $(srcdir)/rubytest.rb
-
-rbconfig.rb:	miniruby$(EXEEXT) $(srcdir)/mkconfig.rb config.status $(PREP)
-		@$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/mkconfig.rb rbconfig.rb
-
-fake.rb:	miniruby$(EXEEXT) Makefile
-		@echo ' \
-		class Object; \
-		  CROSS_COMPILING = RUBY_PLATFORM; \
-		  remove_const :RUBY_PLATFORM; \
-		  remove_const :RUBY_VERSION; \
-		  RUBY_PLATFORM = "@arch@"; \
-		  RUBY_VERSION = "@MAJOR@.@MINOR@.@TEENY@"; \
-		end \
-		' > $@
-
-Makefile:	$(srcdir)/Makefile.in
-
-.PRECIOUS:	@MAKEFILES@
-
-@MAKEFILES@: config.status
-		MAKE=$(MAKE) $(SHELL) ./config.status
-		@{ : $(MAKE); \
-		    echo "all:; -@rm -f conftest.mk"; \
-		    echo "conftest.mk: .force; @echo AUTO_REMAKE"; \
-		    echo ".force:"; \
-		} > conftest.mk
-		@$(MAKE) -f conftest.mk | grep '^AUTO_REMAKE$$' >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
-		{ echo "Makefile updated, restart."; exit 1; }
-
-config.status:	$(srcdir)/configure
-		MINIRUBY="$(MINIRUBY)" $(SHELL) ./config.status --recheck
-
-$(srcdir)/configure: $(srcdir)/configure.in
-		cd $(srcdir) && $(AUTOCONF)
-
-.c.@OBJEXT@:
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $<
-
-lex.c: keywords
-	gperf -p -j1 -i 1 -g -o -t -N rb_reserved_word -k1,3,$$ $(srcdir)/keywords > lex.c
-
-.y.c:
-	$(YACC) $<
-	sed '/^#/s|y\.tab\.c|$@|' y.tab.c > $@
-	rm -f y.tab.c
-
-ext/extinit.@OBJEXT@: ext/extinit.c $(SETUP)
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) @OUTFLAG@$@ -c ext/extinit.c
-
-acosh.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/acosh.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/acosh.c
-
-alloca.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/alloca.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/alloca.c
-
-crypt.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/crypt.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/crypt.c
-
-dup2.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/dup2.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/dup2.c
-
-fileblocks.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/fileblocks.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/fileblocks.c
-
-finite.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/finite.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/finite.c
-
-flock.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/flock.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/flock.c
-
-isinf.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/isinf.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/isinf.c
-
-isnan.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/isnan.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/isnan.c
-
-fnmatch.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/fnmatch.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/fnmatch.c
-
-memcmp.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/memcmp.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/memcmp.c
-
-memmove.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/memmove.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/memmove.c
-
-mkdir.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/mkdir.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/mkdir.c
-
-vsnprintf.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/vsnprintf.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/vsnprintf.c
-
-strcasecmp.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/strcasecmp.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/strcasecmp.c
-
-strncasecmp.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/strncasecmp.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/strncasecmp.c
-
-strchr.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/strchr.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/strchr.c
-
-strerror.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/strerror.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/strerror.c
-
-strftime.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/strftime.c
-	$(CC) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/strftime.c
-
-strstr.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/strstr.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/strstr.c
-
-strtol.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/strtol.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/strtol.c
-
-strtoul.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/strtoul.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/strtoul.c
-
-x68.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/x68.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/x68.c
-
-os2.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/os2.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/os2.c
-
-dl_os2.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/missing/dl_os2.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(srcdir)/missing/dl_os2.c
-
-win32.@OBJEXT@: $(srcdir)/win32/win32.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -I$(srcdir)/win32 -c $(srcdir)/win32/win32.c
-
-# Prevent GNU make v3 from overflowing arg limit on SysV.
-.NOEXPORT:
-###
-array.@OBJEXT@: array.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  util.h st.h
-bignum.@OBJEXT@: bignum.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-class.@OBJEXT@: class.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  rubysig.h node.h st.h
-compar.@OBJEXT@: compar.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-dir.@OBJEXT@: dir.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h util.h
-dln.@OBJEXT@: dln.c config.h defines.h dln.h
-dmyext.@OBJEXT@: dmyext.c
-enum.@OBJEXT@: enum.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h node.h \
-  util.h
-error.@OBJEXT@: error.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  env.h version.h
-eval.@OBJEXT@: eval.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h node.h \
-  env.h util.h rubysig.h st.h dln.h
-file.@OBJEXT@: file.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  rubyio.h rubysig.h util.h dln.h
-gc.@OBJEXT@: gc.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h rubysig.h \
-  st.h node.h env.h re.h regex.h
-hash.@OBJEXT@: hash.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h st.h \
-  util.h rubysig.h
-inits.@OBJEXT@: inits.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-io.@OBJEXT@: io.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h rubyio.h \
-  rubysig.h env.h util.h
-main.@OBJEXT@: main.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-marshal.@OBJEXT@: marshal.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  rubyio.h st.h
-math.@OBJEXT@: math.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-numeric.@OBJEXT@: numeric.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-object.@OBJEXT@: object.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  st.h
-pack.@OBJEXT@: pack.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-parse.@OBJEXT@: parse.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  env.h node.h st.h regex.h util.h lex.c
-prec.@OBJEXT@: prec.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-process.@OBJEXT@: process.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  rubysig.h st.h
-random.@OBJEXT@: random.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-range.@OBJEXT@: range.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-re.@OBJEXT@: re.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h re.h \
-  regex.h
-regex.@OBJEXT@: regex.c config.h regex.h
-ruby.@OBJEXT@: ruby.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h dln.h \
-  node.h util.h
-signal.@OBJEXT@: signal.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  rubysig.h
-sprintf.@OBJEXT@: sprintf.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-st.@OBJEXT@: st.c config.h st.h
-string.@OBJEXT@: string.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  re.h regex.h
-struct.@OBJEXT@: struct.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-time.@OBJEXT@: time.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h
-util.@OBJEXT@: util.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h util.h
-variable.@OBJEXT@: variable.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h \
-  missing.h env.h node.h st.h util.h
-version.@OBJEXT@: version.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h missing.h \
-  version.h
diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6c3c6fc97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -0,0 +1,820 @@
+# NEWS for Ruby 3.2.0
+
+This document is a list of user-visible feature changes
+since the **3.1.0** release, except for bug fixes.
+
+Note that each entry is kept to a minimum, see links for details.
+
+## Language changes
+
+* Anonymous rest and keyword rest arguments can now be passed as
+  arguments, instead of just used in method parameters.
+  [[Feature #18351]]
+
+    ```ruby
+    def foo(*)
+      bar(*)
+    end
+    def baz(**)
+      quux(**)
+    end
+    ```
+
+* A proc that accepts a single positional argument and keywords will
+  no longer autosplat. [[Bug #18633]]
+
+    ```ruby
+    proc{|a, **k| a}.call([1, 2])
+    # Ruby 3.1 and before
+    # => 1
+    # Ruby 3.2 and after
+    # => [1, 2]
+    ```
+
+* Constant assignment evaluation order for constants set on explicit
+  objects has been made consistent with single attribute assignment
+  evaluation order. With this code:
+
+    ```ruby
+    foo::BAR = baz
+    ```
+
+    `foo` is now called before `baz`. Similarly, for multiple assignments
+    to constants,  left-to-right evaluation order is used. With this
+    code:
+
+    ```ruby
+    foo1::BAR1, foo2::BAR2 = baz1, baz2
+    ```
+
+    The following evaluation order is now used:
+
+    1. `foo1`
+    2. `foo2`
+    3. `baz1`
+    4. `baz2`
+
+    [[Bug #15928]]
+
+* "Find pattern" is no longer experimental.
+  [[Feature #18585]]
+
+* Methods taking a rest parameter (like `*args`) and wishing to delegate keyword
+  arguments through `foo(*args)` must now be marked with `ruby2_keywords`
+  (if not already the case). In other words, all methods wishing to delegate
+  keyword arguments through `*args` must now be marked with `ruby2_keywords`,
+  with no exception. This will make it easier to transition to other ways of
+  delegation once a library can require Ruby 3+. Previously, the `ruby2_keywords`
+  flag was kept if the receiving method took `*args`, but this was a bug and an
+  inconsistency. A good technique to find the potentially-missing `ruby2_keywords`
+  is to run the test suite, for where it fails find the last method which must
+  receive keyword arguments, use `puts nil, caller, nil` there, and check each
+  method/block on the call chain which must delegate keywords is correctly marked
+  as `ruby2_keywords`. [[Bug #18625]] [[Bug #16466]]
+
+    ```ruby
+    def target(**kw)
+    end
+
+    # Accidentally worked without ruby2_keywords in Ruby 2.7-3.1, ruby2_keywords
+    # needed in 3.2+. Just like (*args, **kwargs) or (...) would be needed on
+    # both #foo and #bar when migrating away from ruby2_keywords.
+    ruby2_keywords def bar(*args)
+      target(*args)
+    end
+
+    ruby2_keywords def foo(*args)
+      bar(*args)
+    end
+
+    foo(k: 1)
+    ```
+
+## Core classes updates
+
+Note: We're only listing outstanding class updates.
+
+* Fiber
+
+    * Introduce Fiber.[] and Fiber.[]= for inheritable fiber storage.
+      Introduce Fiber#storage and Fiber#storage= (experimental) for
+      getting and resetting the current storage.  Introduce
+      `Fiber.new(storage:)` for setting the storage when creating a
+      fiber. [[Feature #19078]]
+
+        Existing Thread and Fiber local variables can be tricky to use.
+        Thread-local variables are shared between all fibers, making it
+        hard to isolate, while Fiber-local variables can be hard to
+        share.  It is often desirable to define unit of execution
+        ("execution context") such that some state is shared between all
+        fibers and threads created in that context.  This is what Fiber
+        storage provides.
+
+        ```ruby
+        def log(message)
+          puts "#{Fiber[:request_id]}: #{message}"
+        end
+
+        def handle_requests
+          while request = read_request
+            Fiber.schedule do
+              Fiber[:request_id] = SecureRandom.uuid
+
+              request.messages.each do |message|
+                Fiber.schedule do
+                  log("Handling #{message}") # Log includes inherited request_id.
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        ```
+
+        You should generally consider Fiber storage for any state which
+        you want to be shared implicitly between all fibers and threads
+        created in a given context, e.g. a connection pool, a request
+        id, a logger level, environment variables, configuration, etc.
+
+* Fiber::Scheduler
+
+    * Introduce `Fiber::Scheduler#io_select` for non-blocking IO.select.
+      [[Feature #19060]]
+
+* IO
+
+    * Introduce IO#timeout= and IO#timeout which can cause
+      IO::TimeoutError to be raised if a blocking operation exceeds the
+      specified timeout. [[Feature #18630]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        STDIN.timeout = 1
+        STDIN.read # => Blocking operation timed out! (IO::TimeoutError)
+        ```
+
+    * Introduce `IO.new(..., path:)` and promote `File#path` to `IO#path`.
+      [[Feature #19036]]
+
+* Class
+
+    * Class#attached_object, which returns the object for which
+      the receiver is the singleton class. Raises TypeError if the
+      receiver is not a singleton class.
+      [[Feature #12084]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        class Foo; end
+
+        Foo.singleton_class.attached_object        #=> Foo
+        Foo.new.singleton_class.attached_object    #=> #<Foo:0x000000010491a370>
+        Foo.attached_object                        #=> TypeError: `Foo' is not a singleton class
+        nil.singleton_class.attached_object        #=> TypeError: `NilClass' is not a singleton class
+        ```
+
+* Data
+
+    * New core class to represent simple immutable value object. The class is
+      similar to Struct and partially shares an implementation, but has more
+      lean and strict API. [[Feature #16122]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        Measure = Data.define(:amount, :unit)
+        distance = Measure.new(100, 'km')            #=> #<data Measure amount=100, unit="km">
+        weight = Measure.new(amount: 50, unit: 'kg') #=> #<data Measure amount=50, unit="kg">
+        weight.with(amount: 40)                      #=> #<data Measure amount=40, unit="kg">
+        weight.amount                                #=> 50
+        weight.amount = 40                           #=> NoMethodError: undefined method `amount='
+        ```
+
+* Encoding
+
+    * Encoding#replicate has been deprecated and will be removed in 3.3. [[Feature #18949]]
+    * The dummy `Encoding::UTF_16` and `Encoding::UTF_32` encodings no longer
+      try to dynamically guess the endian based on a byte order mark.
+      Use `Encoding::UTF_16BE`/`UTF_16LE` and `Encoding::UTF_32BE`/`UTF_32LE` instead.
+      This change speeds up getting the encoding of a String. [[Feature #18949]]
+    * Limit maximum encoding set size by 256.
+      If exceeding maximum size, `EncodingError` will be raised. [[Feature #18949]]
+
+* Enumerator
+
+    * Enumerator.product has been added.  Enumerator::Product is the implementation. [[Feature #18685]]
+
+* Exception
+
+    * Exception#detailed_message has been added.
+      The default error printer calls this method on the Exception object
+      instead of #message. [[Feature #18564]]
+
+* Hash
+
+    * Hash#shift now always returns nil if the hash is
+      empty, instead of returning the default value or
+      calling the default proc. [[Bug #16908]]
+
+* Integer
+
+    * Integer#ceildiv has been added. [[Feature #18809]]
+
+* Kernel
+
+    * Kernel#binding raises RuntimeError if called from a non-Ruby frame
+      (such as a method defined in C). [[Bug #18487]]
+
+* MatchData
+
+    * MatchData#byteoffset has been added. [[Feature #13110]]
+    * MatchData#deconstruct has been added. [[Feature #18821]]
+    * MatchData#deconstruct_keys has been added. [[Feature #18821]]
+
+* Module
+
+    * Module.used_refinements has been added. [[Feature #14332]]
+    * Module#refinements has been added. [[Feature #12737]]
+    * Module#const_added has been added. [[Feature #17881]]
+    * Module#undefined_instance_methods has been added. [[Feature #12655]]
+
+* Proc
+
+    * Proc#dup returns an instance of subclass. [[Bug #17545]]
+    * Proc#parameters now accepts lambda keyword. [[Feature #15357]]
+
+* Process
+    * Added `RLIMIT_NPTS` constant to FreeBSD platform
+
+* Regexp
+
+    * The cache-based optimization is introduced.
+      Many (but not all) Regexp matching is now in linear time, which
+      will prevent regular expression denial of service (ReDoS)
+      vulnerability. [[Feature #19104]]
+
+    * Regexp.linear_time? is introduced. [[Feature #19194]]
+
+    * Regexp.new now supports passing the regexp flags not only as an Integer,
+      but also as a String.  Unknown flags raise ArgumentError.
+      Otherwise, anything other than `true`, `false`, `nil` or Integer will be warned.
+      [[Feature #18788]]
+
+    * Regexp.timeout= has been added. Also, Regexp.new new supports timeout keyword.
+      See [[Feature #17837]]
+
+* Refinement
+
+    * Refinement#refined_class has been added. [[Feature #12737]]
+
+* RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree
+
+    * Add `error_tolerant` option for `parse`, `parse_file` and `of`. [[Feature #19013]]
+      With this option
+
+        1. SyntaxError is suppressed
+        2. AST is returned for invalid input
+        3. `end` is complemented when a parser reaches to the end of input but `end` is insufficient
+        4. `end` is treated as keyword based on indent
+
+        ```ruby
+        # Without error_tolerant option
+        root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(<<~RUBY)
+        def m
+          a = 10
+          if
+        end
+        RUBY
+        # => <internal:ast>:33:in `parse': syntax error, unexpected `end' (SyntaxError)
+
+        # With error_tolerant option
+        root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(<<~RUBY, error_tolerant: true)
+        def m
+          a = 10
+          if
+        end
+        RUBY
+        p root # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:0-4:3>
+
+        # `end` is treated as keyword based on indent
+        root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(<<~RUBY, error_tolerant: true)
+        module Z
+          class Foo
+            foo.
+          end
+
+          def bar
+          end
+        end
+        RUBY
+        p root.children[-1].children[-1].children[-1].children[-2..-1]
+        # => [#<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:CLASS@2:2-4:5>, #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:DEFN@6:2-7:5>]
+        ```
+
+    * Add `keep_tokens` option for `parse`, `parse_file` and `of`. Add `#tokens` and `#all_tokens`
+      for RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node [[Feature #19070]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2", keep_tokens: true)
+        root.tokens # => [[0, :tIDENTIFIER, "x", [1, 0, 1, 1]], [1, :tSP, " ", [1, 1, 1, 2]], ...]
+        root.tokens.map{_1[2]}.join # => "x = 1 + 2"
+        ```
+
+* Set
+
+    * Set is now available as a built-in class without the need for `require "set"`. [[Feature #16989]]
+      It is currently autoloaded via the Set constant or a call to Enumerable#to_set.
+
+* String
+
+    * String#byteindex and String#byterindex have been added. [[Feature #13110]]
+    * Update Unicode to Version 15.0.0 and Emoji Version 15.0. [[Feature #18639]]
+      (also applies to Regexp)
+    * String#bytesplice has been added.  [[Feature #18598]]
+    * String#dedup has been added as an alias to String#-@.  [[Feature #18595]]
+
+* Struct
+
+    * A Struct class can also be initialized with keyword arguments
+      without `keyword_init: true` on Struct.new [[Feature #16806]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        Post = Struct.new(:id, :name)
+        Post.new(1, "hello") #=> #<struct Post id=1, name="hello">
+        # From Ruby 3.2, the following code also works without keyword_init: true.
+        Post.new(id: 1, name: "hello") #=> #<struct Post id=1, name="hello">
+        ```
+
+* Thread
+
+    * Thread.each_caller_location is added. [[Feature #16663]]
+
+* Thread::Queue
+
+    * Thread::Queue#pop(timeout: sec) is added. [[Feature #18774]]
+
+* Thread::SizedQueue
+
+    * Thread::SizedQueue#pop(timeout: sec) is added. [[Feature #18774]]
+    * Thread::SizedQueue#push(timeout: sec) is added. [[Feature #18944]]
+
+* Time
+
+    * Time#deconstruct_keys is added, allowing to use Time instances
+      in pattern-matching expressions [[Feature #19071]]
+
+    * Time.new now can parse a string like generated by Time#inspect
+      and return a Time instance based on the given argument.
+      [[Feature #18033]]
+
+* SyntaxError
+    * SyntaxError#path has been added.  [[Feature #19138]]
+
+* TracePoint
+
+    * TracePoint#binding now returns `nil` for `c_call`/`c_return` TracePoints.
+      [[Bug #18487]]
+    * TracePoint#enable `target_thread` keyword argument now defaults to the
+      current thread if a block is given and `target` and `target_line` keyword
+      arguments are not passed. [[Bug #16889]]
+
+* UnboundMethod
+
+    * `UnboundMethod#==` returns `true` if the actual method is same. For example,
+      `String.instance_method(:object_id) == Array.instance_method(:object_id)`
+      returns `true`. [[Feature #18798]]
+
+    * `UnboundMethod#inspect` does not show the receiver of `instance_method`.
+      For example `String.instance_method(:object_id).inspect` returns
+      `"#<UnboundMethod: Kernel#object_id()>"`
+      (was `"#<UnboundMethod: String(Kernel)#object_id()>"`).
+
+* GC
+
+    * Expose `need_major_gc` via `GC.latest_gc_info`. [GH-6791]
+
+* ObjectSpace
+
+    * `ObjectSpace.dump_all` dump shapes as well. [GH-6868]
+
+## Stdlib updates
+
+* Bundler
+
+    * Bundler now uses [PubGrub] resolver instead of [Molinillo] for performance improvement.
+    * Add --ext=rust support to bundle gem for creating simple gems with Rust extensions.
+      [[GH-rubygems-6149]]
+    * Make cloning git repos faster [[GH-rubygems-4475]]
+
+* RubyGems
+
+    * Add mswin support for cargo builder. [[GH-rubygems-6167]]
+
+* CGI
+
+    * `CGI.escapeURIComponent` and `CGI.unescapeURIComponent` are added.
+      [[Feature #18822]]
+
+* Coverage
+
+    * `Coverage.setup` now accepts `eval: true`. By this, `eval` and related methods are
+      able to generate code coverage. [[Feature #19008]]
+
+    * `Coverage.supported?(mode)` enables detection of what coverage modes are
+      supported. [[Feature #19026]]
+
+* Date
+
+    * Added `Date#deconstruct_keys` and `DateTime#deconstruct_keys` same as [[Feature #19071]]
+
+* ERB
+
+    * `ERB::Util.html_escape` is made faster than `CGI.escapeHTML`.
+        * It no longer allocates a String object when no character needs to be escaped.
+        * It skips calling `#to_s` method when an argument is already a String.
+        * `ERB::Escape.html_escape` is added as an alias to `ERB::Util.html_escape`,
+          which has not been monkey-patched by Rails.
+    * `ERB::Util.url_encode` is made faster using `CGI.escapeURIComponent`.
+    * `-S` option is removed from `erb` command.
+
+* FileUtils
+
+    * Add FileUtils.ln_sr method and `relative:` option to FileUtils.ln_s.
+      [[Feature #18925]]
+
+* IRB
+
+    * debug.gem integration commands have been added: `debug`, `break`, `catch`,
+      `next`, `delete`, `step`, `continue`, `finish`, `backtrace`, `info`
+        * They work even if you don't have `gem "debug"` in your Gemfile.
+        * See also: [What's new in Ruby 3.2's IRB?](https://st0012.dev/whats-new-in-ruby-3-2-irb)
+    * More Pry-like commands and features have been added.
+        * `edit` and `show_cmds` (like Pry's `help`) are added.
+        * `ls` takes `-g` or `-G` option to filter out outputs.
+        * `show_source` is aliased from `$` and accepts unquoted inputs.
+        * `whereami` is aliased from `@`.
+
+* Net::Protocol
+
+    * Improve `Net::BufferedIO` performance. [[GH-net-protocol-14]]
+
+* Pathname
+
+    * Added `Pathname#lutime`. [[GH-pathname-20]]
+
+* Socket
+
+    * Added the following constants for supported platforms.
+        * `SO_INCOMING_CPU`
+        * `SO_INCOMING_NAPI_ID`
+        * `SO_RTABLE`
+        * `SO_SETFIB`
+        * `SO_USER_COOKIE`
+        * `TCP_KEEPALIVE`
+        * `TCP_CONNECTION_INFO`
+
+* SyntaxSuggest
+
+    * The feature of `syntax_suggest` formerly `dead_end` is integrated in Ruby.
+      [[Feature #18159]]
+
+* UNIXSocket
+
+    * Add support for UNIXSocket on Windows. Emulate anonymous sockets. Add
+      support for File.socket? and File::Stat#socket? where possible.
+      [[Feature #19135]]
+
+*   The following default gems are updated.
+
+    * RubyGems 3.4.1
+    * abbrev 0.1.1
+    * benchmark 0.2.1
+    * bigdecimal 3.1.3
+    * bundler 2.4.1
+    * cgi 0.3.6
+    * csv 3.2.6
+    * date 3.3.3
+    * delegate 0.3.0
+    * did_you_mean 1.6.3
+    * digest 3.1.1
+    * drb 2.1.1
+    * english 0.7.2
+    * erb 4.0.2
+    * error_highlight 0.5.1
+    * etc 1.4.2
+    * fcntl 1.0.2
+    * fiddle 1.1.1
+    * fileutils 1.7.0
+    * forwardable 1.3.3
+    * getoptlong 0.2.0
+    * io-console 0.6.0
+    * io-nonblock 0.2.0
+    * io-wait 0.3.0
+    * ipaddr 1.2.5
+    * irb 1.6.2
+    * json 2.6.3
+    * logger 1.5.3
+    * mutex_m 0.1.2
+    * net-http 0.4.0
+    * net-protocol 0.2.1
+    * nkf 0.1.2
+    * open-uri 0.3.0
+    * open3 0.1.2
+    * openssl 3.1.0
+    * optparse 0.3.1
+    * ostruct 0.5.5
+    * pathname 0.2.1
+    * pp 0.4.0
+    * pstore 0.1.2
+    * psych 5.0.1
+    * racc 1.6.2
+    * rdoc 6.5.0
+    * readline-ext 0.1.5
+    * reline 0.3.2
+    * resolv 0.2.2
+    * resolv-replace 0.1.1
+    * securerandom 0.2.2
+    * set 1.0.3
+    * stringio 3.0.4
+    * strscan 3.0.5
+    * syntax_suggest 1.0.2
+    * syslog 0.1.1
+    * tempfile 0.1.3
+    * time 0.2.1
+    * timeout 0.3.1
+    * tmpdir 0.1.3
+    * tsort 0.1.1
+    * un 0.2.1
+    * uri 0.12.0
+    * weakref 0.1.2
+    * win32ole 1.8.9
+    * yaml 0.2.1
+    * zlib 3.0.0
+
+*   The following bundled gems are updated.
+
+    * minitest 5.16.3
+    * power_assert 2.0.3
+    * test-unit 3.5.7
+    * net-ftp 0.2.0
+    * net-imap 0.3.4
+    * net-pop 0.1.2
+    * net-smtp 0.3.3
+    * rbs 2.8.2
+    * typeprof 0.21.3
+    * debug 1.7.1
+
+See GitHub releases like [GitHub Releases of Logger](https://github.com/ruby/logger/releases) or changelog for details of the default gems or bundled gems.
+
+## Supported platforms
+
+* WebAssembly/WASI is added. See [wasm/README.md] and [ruby.wasm] for more details. [[Feature #18462]]
+
+## Compatibility issues
+
+* `String#to_c` currently treat a sequence of underscores as an end of Complex
+  string. [[Bug #19087]]
+
+* Now `ENV.clone` raises `TypeError` as well as `ENV.dup` [[Bug #17767]]
+
+### Removed constants
+
+The following deprecated constants are removed.
+
+* `Fixnum` and `Bignum` [[Feature #12005]]
+* `Random::DEFAULT` [[Feature #17351]]
+* `Struct::Group`
+* `Struct::Passwd`
+
+### Removed methods
+
+The following deprecated methods are removed.
+
+* `Dir.exists?` [[Feature #17391]]
+* `File.exists?` [[Feature #17391]]
+* `Kernel#=~` [[Feature #15231]]
+* `Kernel#taint`, `Kernel#untaint`, `Kernel#tainted?`
+  [[Feature #16131]]
+* `Kernel#trust`, `Kernel#untrust`, `Kernel#untrusted?`
+  [[Feature #16131]]
+* `Method#public?`, `Method#private?`, `Method#protected?`,
+  `UnboundMethod#public?`, `UnboundMethod#private?`, `UnboundMethod#protected?`
+  [[Bug #18729]] [[Bug #18751]] [[Bug #18435]]
+
+### Source code incompatibility of extension libraries
+
+* Extension libraries provide PRNG, subclasses of Random, need updates.
+  See [PRNG update] below for more information. [[Bug #19100]]
+
+### Error printer
+
+* Ruby no longer escapes control characters and backslashes in an
+  error message. [[Feature #18367]]
+
+### Constant lookup when defining a class/module
+
+* When defining a class/module directly under the Object class by class/module
+  statement, if there is already a class/module defined by `Module#include`
+  with the same name, the statement was handled as "open class" in Ruby 3.1 or before.
+  Since Ruby 3.2, a new class is defined instead. [[Feature #18832]]
+
+## Stdlib compatibility issues
+
+* Psych no longer bundles libyaml sources.
+  And also Fiddle no longer bundles libffi sources.
+  Users need to install the libyaml/libffi library themselves via the package
+  manager like apt, yum, brew, etc.
+
+    Psych and fiddle supported the static build with specific version of libyaml
+    and libffi sources. You can build psych with libyaml-0.2.5 like this.
+
+    ```bash
+    $ ./configure --with-libyaml-source-dir=/path/to/libyaml-0.2.5
+    ```
+
+    And you can build fiddle with libffi-3.4.4 like this.
+
+    ```bash
+    $ ./configure --with-libffi-source-dir=/path/to/libffi-3.4.4
+    ```
+
+    [[Feature #18571]]
+
+* Check cookie name/path/domain characters in `CGI::Cookie`. [[CVE-2021-33621]]
+
+* `URI.parse` return empty string in host instead of nil. [[sec-156615]]
+
+## C API updates
+
+### Updated C APIs
+
+The following APIs are updated.
+
+* PRNG update
+
+    `rb_random_interface_t` in ruby/random.h updated and versioned.
+    Extension libraries which use this interface and built for older
+    versions need to rebuild with adding `init_int32` function.
+
+### Added C APIs
+
+* `VALUE rb_hash_new_capa(long capa)` was added to created hashes with the desired capacity.
+* `rb_internal_thread_add_event_hook` and `rb_internal_thread_add_event_hook` were added to instrument threads scheduling.
+  The following events are available:
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_STARTED`
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_READY`
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED`
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED`
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_EXITED`
+* `rb_debug_inspector_current_depth` and `rb_debug_inspector_frame_depth` are added for debuggers.
+
+### Removed C APIs
+
+The following deprecated APIs are removed.
+
+* `rb_cData` variable.
+* "taintedness" and "trustedness" functions. [[Feature #16131]]
+
+## Implementation improvements
+
+* Fixed several race conditions in Kernel#autoload. [[Bug #18782]]
+* Cache invalidation for expressions referencing constants is now
+  more fine-grained. `RubyVM.stat(:global_constant_state)` was
+  removed because it was closely tied to the previous caching scheme
+  where setting any constant invalidates all caches in the system.
+  New keys, `:constant_cache_invalidations` and `:constant_cache_misses`,
+  were introduced to help with use cases for `:global_constant_state`.
+  [[Feature #18589]]
+* The cache-based optimization for Regexp matching is introduced.
+  [[Feature #19104]]
+* [Variable Width Allocation](https://shopify.engineering/ruby-variable-width-allocation)
+  is now enabled by default. [[Feature #18239]]
+* Added a new instance variable caching mechanism, called object shapes, which
+  improves inline cache hits for most objects and allows us to generate very
+  efficient JIT code. Objects whose instance variables are defined in a
+  consistent order will see the most performance benefits.
+  [[Feature #18776]]
+* Speed up marking instruction sequences by using a bitmap to find "markable"
+  objects.  This change results in faster major collections.
+  [[Feature #18875]]
+
+## JIT
+
+### YJIT
+
+* YJIT is no longer experimental
+    * Has been tested on production workloads for over a year and proven to be quite stable.
+* YJIT now supports both x86-64 and arm64/aarch64 CPUs on Linux, MacOS, BSD and other UNIX platforms.
+    * This release brings support for Mac M1/M2, AWS Graviton and Raspberry Pi 4.
+* Building YJIT now requires Rust 1.58.0+. [[Feature #18481]]
+    * In order to ensure that CRuby is built with YJIT, please install `rustc` >= 1.58.0
+      before running `./configure`
+    * Please reach out to the YJIT team should you run into any issues.
+* Physical memory for JIT code is lazily allocated. Unlike Ruby 3.1,
+  the RSS of a Ruby process is minimized because virtual memory pages
+  allocated by `--yjit-exec-mem-size` will not be mapped to physical
+  memory pages until actually utilized by JIT code.
+* Introduce Code GC that frees all code pages when the memory consumption
+  by JIT code reaches `--yjit-exec-mem-size`.
+    * `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats` returns Code GC metrics in addition to
+      existing `inline_code_size` and `outlined_code_size` keys:
+      `code_gc_count`, `live_page_count`, `freed_page_count`, and `freed_code_size`.
+* Most of the statistics produced by `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats` are now available in release builds.
+    * Simply run ruby with `--yjit-stats` to compute and dump stats (incurs some run-time overhead).
+* YJIT is now optimized to take advantage of object shapes. [[Feature #18776]]
+* Take advantage of finer-grained constant invalidation to invalidate less code when defining new constants. [[Feature #18589]]
+* The default `--yjit-exec-mem-size` is changed to 64 (MiB).
+* The default `--yjit-call-threshold` is changed to 30.
+
+### MJIT
+
+* The MJIT compiler is re-implemented in Ruby as `ruby_vm/mjit/compiler`.
+* MJIT compiler is executed under a forked Ruby process instead of
+  doing it in a native thread called MJIT worker. [[Feature #18968]]
+    * As a result, Microsoft Visual Studio (MSWIN) is no longer supported.
+* MinGW is no longer supported. [[Feature #18824]]
+* Rename `--mjit-min-calls` to `--mjit-call-threshold`.
+* Change default `--mjit-max-cache` back from 10000 to 100.
+
+[Feature #12005]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12005
+[Feature #12084]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12084
+[Feature #12655]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12655
+[Feature #12737]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12737
+[Feature #13110]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/13110
+[Feature #14332]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14332
+[Feature #15231]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15231
+[Feature #15357]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15357
+[Bug #15928]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15928
+[Feature #16122]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16122
+[Feature #16131]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16131
+[Bug #16466]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16466
+[Feature #16663]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16663
+[Feature #16806]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16806
+[Bug #16889]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16889
+[Bug #16908]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16908
+[Feature #16989]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16989
+[Feature #17351]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17351
+[Feature #17391]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17391
+[Bug #17545]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17545
+[Bug #17767]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17767
+[Feature #17837]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17837
+[Feature #17881]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17881
+[Feature #18033]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18033
+[Feature #18159]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18159
+[Feature #18239]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18239#note-17
+[Feature #18351]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18351
+[Feature #18367]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18367
+[Bug #18435]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18435
+[Feature #18462]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18462
+[Feature #18481]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18481
+[Bug #18487]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18487
+[Feature #18564]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18564
+[Feature #18571]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18571
+[Feature #18585]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18585
+[Feature #18589]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18589
+[Feature #18595]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18595
+[Feature #18598]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18598
+[Bug #18625]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18625
+[Feature #18630]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18630
+[Bug #18633]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18633
+[Feature #18639]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18639
+[Feature #18685]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18685
+[Bug #18729]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18729
+[Bug #18751]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18751
+[Feature #18774]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18774
+[Feature #18776]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18776
+[Bug #18782]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18782
+[Feature #18788]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18788
+[Feature #18798]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18798
+[Feature #18809]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18809
+[Feature #18821]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18821
+[Feature #18822]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18822
+[Feature #18824]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18824
+[Feature #18832]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18832
+[Feature #18875]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18875
+[Feature #18925]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18925
+[Feature #18944]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18944
+[Feature #18949]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18949
+[Feature #18968]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18968
+[Feature #19008]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19008
+[Feature #19013]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19013
+[Feature #19026]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19026
+[Feature #19036]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19036
+[Feature #19060]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19060
+[Feature #19070]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19070
+[Feature #19071]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19071
+[Feature #19078]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19078
+[Bug #19087]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19087
+[Bug #19100]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19100
+[Feature #19104]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19104
+[Feature #19135]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19135
+[Feature #19138]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19138
+[Feature #19194]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19194
+[Molinillo]:          https://github.com/CocoaPods/Molinillo
+[PubGrub]:            https://github.com/jhawthorn/pub_grub
+[GH-net-protocol-14]: https://github.com/ruby/net-protocol/pull/14
+[GH-pathname-20]:     https://github.com/ruby/pathname/pull/20
+[GH-6791]:            https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/6791
+[GH-6868]:            https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/6868
+[GH-rubygems-4475]:   https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/4475
+[GH-rubygems-6149]:   https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/6149
+[GH-rubygems-6167]:   https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/6167
+[sec-156615]:         https://hackerone.com/reports/156615
+[CVE-2021-33621]:     https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2022/11/22/http-response-splitting-in-cgi-cve-2021-33621/
+[wasm/README.md]:     https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/wasm/README.md
+[ruby.wasm]:          https://github.com/ruby/ruby.wasm
diff --git a/README b/README
deleted file mode 100644
index bde22dff78..0000000000
--- a/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-* What's Ruby
-
-Ruby is the interpreted scripting language for quick and
-easy object-oriented programming.  It has many features to
-process text files and to do system management tasks (as in
-Perl).  It is simple, straight-forward, and extensible.
-
-
-* Features of Ruby
-
-  + Simple Syntax
-  + *Normal* Object-Oriented features(ex. class, method calls)
-  + *Advanced* Object-Oriented features(ex. Mix-in, Singleton-method)
-  + Operator Overloading
-  + Exception Handling
-  + Iterators and Closures
-  + Garbage Collection
-  + Dynamic Loading of Object files(on some architecture)
-  + Highly Portable(works on many UNIX machines, and on DOS,
-    Windows, Mac, BeOS etc.)
-
-
-* How to get Ruby
-
-The Ruby distribution can be found on:
-
-  ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/
-
-You can get it by anonymous CVS.  How to check out is:
-
-  $ cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.ruby-lang.org:/src login
-  (Logging in to anonymous@cvs.ruby-lang.org)
-  CVS password: anonymous
-  $ cvs -z4 -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.ruby-lang.org:/src checkout ruby
-
-
-* Ruby home-page
-
-The URL of the Ruby home-page is:
-
-   http://www.ruby-lang.org/
-
-
-* Mailing list
-
-There is a mailing list to talk about Ruby.
-To subscribe this list, please send the following phrase
-
-	subscribe YourFirstName YourFamilyName
-e.g.
-        subscribe Joseph Smith
-
-in the mail body (not subject) to the address <ruby-talk-ctl@ruby-lang.org>.
-
-
-* How to compile and install
-
-This is what you need to do to compile and install Ruby:
-
-  1. If ./configure does not exist or is older than configure.in,
-     run autoconf to (re)generate configure.
-
-  2. Run ./configure, which will generate config.h and Makefile.
-
-  3. Edit defines.h if you need.  Probably this step will not need.
-
-  4. Remove comment mark(#) before the module names from ext/Setup (or
-     add module names if not present), if you want to link modules
-     statically.
-
-     If you don't want to compile non static extension modules
-     (probably on architectures which does not allow dynamic loading),
-     remove comment mark from the line "#option nodynamic" in
-     ext/Setup.
-
-  5. Run make.
-
-  6. Optionally, run 'make test' to check whether the compiled Ruby
-     interpreter works well.  If you see the message "test succeeded",
-     your ruby works as it should (hopefully).
-
-  7. Run 'make install'
-
-     You may have to be a super user to install ruby.
-
-If you fail to compile ruby, please send the detailed error report with
-the error log and machine/OS type, to help others.
-
-
-* Copying
-
-See the file COPYING.
-
-
-* The Author
-
-Feel free to send comments and bug reports to the author.  Here is the 
-author's latest mail address:
-
-  matz@netlab.jp
-
--------------------------------------------------------
-created at: Thu Aug  3 11:57:36 JST 1995
-Local variables:
-mode: indented-text
-end:
diff --git a/README.EXT b/README.EXT
index 95c5ddea61..48b8d964c4 100644
--- a/README.EXT
+++ b/README.EXT
@@ -1,1029 +1 @@
-.\" README.EXT -  -*- Text -*- created at: Mon Aug  7 16:45:54 JST 1995
-
-This document explains how to make extension libraries for Ruby.
-
-1. Basic knowledge
-
-In C, variables have types and data do not have types.  In contrast,
-Ruby variables do not have a static type, and data themselves have
-types, so data will need to be converted between the languages.
-
-Data in Ruby are represented by C type `VALUE'.  Each VALUE data has
-its data-type.
-
-To retrieve C data from a VALUE, you need to:
-
- (1) Identify the VALUE's data type
- (2) Convert the VALUE into C data
-
-Converting to the wrong data type may cause serious problems.
-
-
-1.1 Data-types
-
-The Ruby interpreter has the following data types:
-
-	T_NIL		nil
-	T_OBJECT	ordinary object
-	T_CLASS		class
-	T_MODULE	module
-	T_FLOAT		floating point number
-	T_STRING	string
-	T_REGEXP	regular expression
-	T_ARRAY		array
-	T_FIXNUM	Fixnum(31bit integer)
-	T_HASH		associative array
-	T_STRUCT	(Ruby) structure
-	T_BIGNUM	multi precision integer
-	T_TRUE		true
-	T_FALSE		false
-	T_DATA		data
-	T_SYMBOL        symbol
-
-In addition, there are several other types used internally:
-
-	T_ICLASS
-	T_MATCH
-	T_UNDEF
-	T_VARMAP
-	T_SCOPE
-	T_NODE
-
-Most of the types are represented by C structures.
-
-1.2 Check Data Type of the VALUE
-
-The macro TYPE() defined in ruby.h shows the data type of the VALUE.
-TYPE() returns the constant number T_XXXX described above.  To handle
-data types, your code will look something like this:
-
-  switch (TYPE(obj)) {
-    case T_FIXNUM:
-      /* process Fixnum */
-      break;
-    case T_STRING:
-      /* process String */
-      break;
-    case T_ARRAY:
-      /* process Array */
-      break;
-    default:
-      /* raise exception */
-      rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "not valid value");
-      break;
-  }
-
-There is the data-type check function
-
-  void Check_Type(VALUE value, int type)
-
-which raises an exception if the VALUE does not have the type specified.
-
-There are also faster check macros for fixnums and nil.
-
-  FIXNUM_P(obj)
-  NIL_P(obj)
-
-1.3 Convert VALUE into C data
-
-The data for type T_NIL, T_FALSE, T_TRUE are nil, true, false
-respectively.  They are singletons for the data type.
-
-The T_FIXNUM data is a 31bit length fixed integer (63bit length on
-some machines), which can be convert to a C integer by using the
-FIX2INT() macro.  There is also NUM2INT() which converts any Ruby
-numbers into C integers.  The NUM2INT() macro includes a type check, so
-an exception will be raised if the conversion failed.
-
-Other data types have corresponding C structures, e.g. struct RArray
-for T_ARRAY etc. The VALUE of the type which has corresponding structure
-can be cast to retrieve the pointer to the struct.  The casting macro
-will be of the form RXXXX for each data type; for instance, RARRAY(obj). 
-See "ruby.h".
-
-For example, `RSTRING(size)->len' is the way to get the size of the
-Ruby String object.  The allocated region can be accessed by
-`RSTRING(str)->ptr'.  For arrays, use `RARRAY(ary)->len' and
-`RARRAY(ary)->ptr' respectively.
-
-Notice: Do not change the value of the structure directly, unless you
-are responsible for the result.  This ends up being the cause of interesting
-bugs.
-
-1.4 Convert C data into VALUE
-
-To convert C data to Ruby values:
-
-  * FIXNUM
-
-    left shift 1 bit, and turn on LSB.
-
-  * Other pointer values
-
-    cast to VALUE.
-
-You can determine whether a VALUE is pointer or not by checking its LSB.  
-
-Notice Ruby does not allow arbitrary pointer values to be a VALUE.  They
-should be pointers to the structures which Ruby knows about.  The known
-structures are defined in <ruby.h>.
-
-To convert C numbers to Ruby values, use these macros.
-
-  INT2FIX()	for integers within 31bits.
-  INT2NUM()	for arbitrary sized integer.
-
-INT2NUM() converts an integer into a Bignum if it is out of the FIXNUM
-range, but is a bit slower.
-
-1.5 Manipulating Ruby data
-
-As I already mentioned, it is not recommended to modify an object's internal
-structure.  To manipulate objects, use the functions supplied by the Ruby
-interpreter. Some (not all) of the useful functions are listed below:
-
- String functions
-
-  rb_str_new(const char *ptr, long len)
-
-    Creates a new Ruby string.
-
-  rb_str_new2(const char *ptr)
-
-    Creates a new Ruby string from a C string.  This is equivalent to
-    rb_str_new(ptr, strlen(ptr)).
-
-  rb_tainted_str_new(const char *ptr, long len)
-
-    Creates a new tainted Ruby string.  Strings from external data
-    sources should be tainted.
-
-  rb_tainted_str_new2(const char *ptr)
-
-    Creates a new tainted Ruby string from a C string.
-
-  rb_str_cat(VALUE str, const char *ptr, long len)
-
-    Appends len bytes of data from ptr to the Ruby string.
-
- Array functions
-
-  rb_ary_new()
-
-    Creates an array with no elements.
-
-  rb_ary_new2(long len)
-
-    Creates an array with no elements, allocating internal buffer
-    for len elements.
-
-  rb_ary_new3(long n, ...)
-
-    Creates an n-element array from the arguments.
-
-  rb_ary_new4(long n, VALUE *elts)
-
-    Creates an n-element array from a C array.
-
-  rb_ary_push(VALUE ary, VALUE val)
-  rb_ary_pop(VALUE ary)
-  rb_ary_shift(VALUE ary)
-  rb_ary_unshift(VALUE ary, VALUE val)
-
-    Array operations.  The first argument to each functions must be an 
-    array.  They may dump core if other types given.
-
-2. Extending Ruby with C
-
-2.1 Addding new features to Ruby
-
-You can add new features (classes, methods, etc.) to the Ruby
-interpreter.  Ruby provides APIs for defining the following things:
-
- * Classes, Modules
- * Methods, Singleton Methods
- * Constants
-
-2.1.1 Class/module definition
-
-To define a class or module, use the functions below:
-
-  VALUE rb_define_class(const char *name, VALUE super)
-  VALUE rb_define_module(const char *name)
-
-These functions return the newly created class or module.  You may
-want to save this reference into a variable to use later.
-
-To define nested classes or modules, use the functions below:
-
-  VALUE rb_define_class_under(VALUE outer, const char *name, VALUE super)
-  VALUE rb_define_module_under(VALUE outer, const char *name)
-
-2.1.2 Method/singleton method definition
-
-To define methods or singleton methods, use these functions:
-
-  void rb_define_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, 
-		        VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-  void rb_define_singleton_method(VALUE object, const char *name, 
-			          VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-The `argc' represents the number of the arguments to the C function,
-which must be less than 17.  But I believe you don't need that much. :-)
-
-If `argc' is negative, it specifies the calling sequence, not number of
-the arguments.  
-
-If argc is -1, the function will be called as:
-
-  VALUE func(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
-
-where argc is the actual number of arguments, argv is the C array of
-the arguments, and obj is the receiver.
-
-If argc is -2, the arguments are passed in a Ruby array. The function
-will be called like:
-
-  VALUE func(VALUE obj, VALUE args)
-
-where obj is the receiver, and args is the Ruby array containing
-actual arguments.
-
-There are two more functions to define methods.  One is to define
-private methods:
-
-  void rb_define_private_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, 
-			        VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-The other is to define module functions, which are private AND singleton
-methods of the module.  For example, sqrt is the module function
-defined in Math module.  It can be call in the form like:
-
-  Math.sqrt(4)
-
-or
-
-  include Math
-  sqrt(4)
-
-To define module functions, use:
-
-  void rb_define_module_function(VALUE module, const char *name, 
-				 VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-Oh, in addition, function-like methods, which are private methods defined
-in the Kernel module, can be defined using:
-
-  void rb_define_global_function(const char *name, VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-To define alias to the method,
-
-  void rb_define_alias(VALUE module, const char* new, const char* old);
-
-2.1.3 Constant definition
-
-We have 2 functions to define constants:
-
-  void rb_define_const(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE val)
-  void rb_define_global_const(const char *name, VALUE val)
-
-The former is to define a constant under specified class/module.  The
-latter is to define a global constant.
-
-2.2 Use Ruby features from C
-
-There are several ways to invoke Ruby's features from C code.
-
-2.2.1 Evaluate Ruby Programs in a String
-
-The easiest way to use Ruby's functionality from a C program is to
-evaluate the string as Ruby program.  This function will do the job.
-
-  VALUE rb_eval_string(const char *str)
-
-Evaluation is done under the current context, thus current local variables
-of the innermost method (which is defined by Ruby) can be accessed.
-
-2.2.2 ID or Symbol
-
-You can invoke methods directly, without parsing the string.  First I
-need to explain about symbols (whose data type is ID).  ID is the
-integer number to represent Ruby's identifiers such as variable names.
-It can be accessed from Ruby in the form:
-
- :Identifier
-
-You can get the symbol value from a string within C code by using
-
-  rb_intern(const char *name)
-
-2.2.3 Invoke Ruby method from C
-
-To invoke methods directly, you can use the function below
-
-  VALUE rb_funcall(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, ...)
-
-This function invokes a method on the recv, with the method name
-specified by the symbol mid.
-
-2.2.4 Accessing the variables and constants
-
-You can access class variables and instance variables using access
-functions.  Also, global variables can be shared between both environments.
-There's no way to access Ruby's local variables.
-
-The functions to access/modify instance variables are below:
-
-  VALUE rb_ivar_get(VALUE obj, ID id)
-  VALUE rb_ivar_set(VALUE obj, ID id, VALUE val)
-
-id must be the symbol, which can be retrieved by rb_intern().
-
-To access the constants of the class/module:
-
-  VALUE rb_const_get(VALUE obj, ID id)
-
-See 2.1.3 for defining new constant.
-
-3. Information sharing between Ruby and C
-
-3.1 Ruby constants that C can be accessed from C
-
-The following Ruby constants can be referred from C.
-
-  Qtrue
-  Qfalse
-
-Boolean values.  Qfalse is false in C also (i.e. 0).
-
-  Qnil
-
-Ruby nil in C scope.
-
-3.2 Global variables shared between C and Ruby
-
-Information can be shared between the two environments using shared global
-variables.  To define them, you can use functions listed below:
-
-  void rb_define_variable(const char *name, VALUE *var)
-
-This function defines the variable which is shared by both environments.
-The value of the global variable pointed to by `var' can be accessed
-through Ruby's global variable named `name'.
-
-You can define read-only (from Ruby, of course) variables using the
-function below.
-
-  void rb_define_readonly_variable(const char *name, VALUE *var)
-
-You can defined hooked variables.  The accessor functions (getter and
-setter) are called on access to the hooked variables.
-
-  void rb_define_hooked_variable(constchar *name, VALUE *var,
-				 VALUE (*getter)(), void (*setter)())
-
-If you need to supply either setter or getter, just supply 0 for the
-hook you don't need.  If both hooks are 0, rb_define_hooked_variable()
-works just like rb_define_variable().
-
-  void rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *name,
-				  VALUE (*getter)(), void (*setter)())
-
-This function defines a Ruby global variable without a corresponding C
-variable.  The value of the variable will be set/get only by hooks.
-
-The prototypes of the getter and setter functions are as follows:
-
-  (*getter)(ID id, void *data, struct global_entry* entry);
-  (*setter)(VALUE val, ID id, void *data, struct global_entry* entry);
-
-3.3 Encapsulate C data into Ruby object
-
-To wrap and objectify a C pointer as a Ruby object (so called
-DATA), use Data_Wrap_Struct().
-
-  Data_Wrap_Struct(klass, mark, free, ptr)
-
-Data_Wrap_Struct() returns a created DATA object.  The klass argument
-is the class for the DATA object.  The mark argument is the function
-to mark Ruby objects pointed by this data.  The free argument is the
-function to free the pointer allocation.  The functions mark and
-free will be called from garbage collector.
-
-You can allocate and wrap the structure in one step.
-
-  Data_Make_Struct(klass, type, mark, free, sval)
-
-This macro returns an allocated Data object, wrapping the pointer to
-the structure, which is also allocated.  This macro works like:
-
-  (sval = ALLOC(type), Data_Wrap_Struct(klass, mark, free, sval))
-
-Arguments klass, mark, and free work like their counterparts in
-Data_Wrap_Struct().  A pointer to the allocated structure will be
-assigned to sval, which should be a pointer of the type specified.
-
-To retrieve the C pointer from the Data object, use the macro
-Data_Get_Struct().
-
-  Data_Get_Struct(obj, type, sval)
-
-A pointer to the structure will be assigned to the variable sval.
-
-See the example below for details. 
-
-4. Example - Creating dbm extension
-
-OK, here's the example of making an extension library.  This is the
-extension to access DBMs.  The full source is included in the ext/
-directory in the Ruby's source tree.
-
-(1) make the directory
-
-  % mkdir ext/dbm
-
-Make a directory for the extension library under ext directory.
-
-(2) create MANIFEST file
-
-  % cd ext/dbm
-  % touch MANIFEST
-
-There should be MANIFEST file in the directory for the extension
-library.  Make an empty file for now.
-
-(3) design the library
-
-You need to design the library features, before making it.
-
-(4) write C code.
-
-You need to write C code for your extension library.  If your library
-has only one source file, choosing ``LIBRARY.c'' as a file name is
-preferred.  On the other hand, in case your library has multiple source
-files, avoid choosing ``LIBRARY.c'' for a file name.  It may conflict
-with an intermediate file ``LIBRARY.o'' on some platforms.
-
-Ruby will execute the initializing function named ``Init_LIBRARY'' in
-the library.  For example, ``Init_dbm()'' will be executed when loading
-the library.
-
-Here's the example of an initializing function.
-
---
-Init_dbm()
-{
-    /* define DBM class */
-    cDBM = rb_define_class("DBM", rb_cObject);
-    /* DBM includes Enumerate module */
-    rb_include_module(cDBM, rb_mEnumerable);
-
-    /* DBM has class method open(): arguments are received as C array */
-    rb_define_singleton_method(cDBM, "open", fdbm_s_open, -1);
-
-    /* DBM instance method close(): no args */
-    rb_define_method(cDBM, "close", fdbm_close, 0);
-    /* DBM instance method []: 1 argument */
-    rb_define_method(cDBM, "[]", fdbm_fetch, 1);
-		:
-
-}
---
-
-The dbm extension wraps the dbm struct in the C environment using 
-Data_Make_Struct.
-
---
-struct dbmdata {
-    int  di_size;
-    DBM *di_dbm;
-};
-
-
-obj = Data_Make_Struct(klass, struct dbmdata, 0, free_dbm, dbmp);
---
-
-This code wraps the dbmdata structure into a Ruby object.  We avoid wrapping
-DBM* directly, because we want to cache size information.
-
-To retrieve the dbmdata structure from a Ruby object, we define the
-following macro:
-
---
-#define GetDBM(obj, dbmp) {\
-    Data_Get_Struct(obj, struct dbmdata, dbmp);\
-    if (dbmp->di_dbm == 0) closed_dbm();\
-}
---
-
-This sort of complicated macro does the retrieving and close checking for
-the DBM.
-
-There are three kinds of way to receive method arguments.  First,
-methods with a fixed number of arguments receive arguments like this:
-
---
-static VALUE
-fdbm_delete(obj, keystr)
-    VALUE obj, keystr;
-{
-	:
-}
---
-
-The first argument of the C function is the self, the rest are the
-arguments to the method.
-
-Second, methods with an arbitrary number of arguments receive
-arguments like this:
-
---
-static VALUE
-fdbm_s_open(argc, argv, klass)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE klass;
-{
-	:
-    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &file, &vmode) == 1) {
-	mode = 0666;		/* default value */
-    }
-	:
-}
---
-
-The first argument is the number of method arguments, the second
-argument is the C array of the method arguments, and the third
-argument is the receiver of the method.
-
-You can use the function rb_scan_args() to check and retrieve the
-arguments.  For example, "11" means that the method requires at least one
-argument, and at most receives two arguments.
-
-Methods with an arbitrary number of arguments can receive arguments
-by Ruby's array, like this:
-
---
-static VALUE
-fdbm_indexes(obj, args)
-    VALUE obj, args;
-{
-	:
-}
---
-
-The first argument is the receiver, the second one is the Ruby array
-which contains the arguments to the method.
-
-** Notice
-
-GC should know about global variables which refer to Ruby's objects, but
-are not exported to the Ruby world.  You need to protect them by
-
-  void rb_global_variable(VALUE *var)
-
-(5) prepare extconf.rb
-
-If the file named extconf.rb exists, it will be executed to generate
-Makefile.  If not, the compilation scheme will try to generate Makefile
-anyway.
-
-extconf.rb is the file for check compilation conditions etc.  You
-need to put
-
-  require 'mkmf'
-
-at the top of the file.  You can use the functions below to check
-various conditions.
-
-  have_library(lib, func): check whether library containing function exists.
-  have_func(func, header): check whether function exists
-  have_header(header): check whether header file exists
-  create_makefile(target): generate Makefile
-
-The value of the variables below will affect the Makefile.
-
-  $CFLAGS: included in CFLAGS make variable (such as -I)
-  $LDFLAGS: included in LDFLAGS make variable (such as -L)
-
-If a compilation condition is not fulfilled, you should not call
-``create_makefile''.  The Makefile will not generated, compilation will
-not be done.
-
-(6) prepare depend (optional)
-
-If the file named depend exists, Makefile will include that file to
-check dependencies.  You can make this file by invoking
-
-  % gcc -MM *.c > depend
-
-It's no harm.  Prepare it.
-
-(7) put file names into MANIFEST (optional)
-
-  % find * -type f -print > MANIFEST
-  % vi MANIFEST
-
-Append file names into MANIFEST.  The compilation scheme requires
-MANIFEST only to exist, but it's better to take this step in order
-to distinguish which files are required.
-
-(8) generate Makefile
-
-Try generating the Makefile by:
-
-  ruby extconf.rb
-
-You don't need this step if you put the extension library under the ext
-directory of the ruby source tree.  In that case, compilation of the
-interpreter will do this step for you.
-
-(9) make
-
-Type
-
-  make
-
-to compile your extension.  You don't need this step either if you have
-put extension library under the ext directory of the ruby source tree.
-
-(9) debug
-
-You may need to rb_debug the extension.  Extensions can be linked
-statically by the adding directory name in the ext/Setup file so that
-you can inspect the extension with the debugger.
-
-(10) done, now you have the extension library
-
-You can do anything you want with your library.  The author of Ruby
-will not claim any restrictions on your code depending on the Ruby API.
-Feel free to use, modify, distribute or sell your program.
-
-Appendix A. Ruby source files overview
-
-ruby language core
-
-  class.c
-  error.c
-  eval.c
-  gc.c
-  object.c
-  parse.y
-  variable.c
-
-utility functions
-
-  dln.c
-  regex.c
-  st.c
-  util.c
-
-ruby interpreter implementation
-
-  dmyext.c
-  inits.c
-  main.c
-  ruby.c
-  version.c
-
-class library
-
-  array.c
-  bignum.c
-  compar.c
-  dir.c
-  enum.c
-  file.c
-  hash.c
-  io.c
-  marshal.c
-  math.c
-  numeric.c
-  pack.c
-  prec.c
-  process.c
-  random.c
-  range.c
-  re.c
-  signal.c
-  sprintf.c
-  string.c
-  struct.c
-  time.c
-
-Appendix B. Ruby extension API reference
-
-** Types
-
- VALUE
-
-The type for the Ruby object.  Actual structures are defined in ruby.h,
-such as struct RString, etc.  To refer the values in structures, use
-casting macros like RSTRING(obj).
-
-** Variables and constants
-
- Qnil
-
-const: nil object
-
- Qtrue
-
-const: true object(default true value)
-
- Qfalse
-
-const: false object
-
-** C pointer wrapping
-
- Data_Wrap_Struct(VALUE klass, void (*mark)(), void (*free)(), void *sval)
-
-Wrap a C pointer into a Ruby object.  If object has references to other
-Ruby objects, they should be marked by using the mark function during
-the GC process.  Otherwise, mark should be 0.  When this object is no
-longer referred by anywhere, the pointer will be discarded by free
-function.
-
- Data_Make_Struct(klass, type, mark, free, sval)
-
-This macro allocates memory using malloc(), assigns it to the variable
-sval, and returns the DATA encapsulating the pointer to memory region.
-
- Data_Get_Struct(data, type, sval)
-
-This macro retrieves the pointer value from DATA, and assigns it to
-the variable sval. 
-
-** defining class/module
-
- VALUE rb_define_class(const char *name, VALUE super)
-
-Defines a new Ruby class as a subclass of super.
-
- VALUE rb_define_class_under(VALUE module, const char *name, VALUE super)
-
-Creates a new Ruby class as a subclass of super, under the module's
-namespace.
-
- VALUE rb_define_module(const char *name)
-
-Defines a new Ruby module.
-
- VALUE rb_define_module_under(VALUE module, const char *name, VALUE super)
-
-Defines a new Ruby module under the module's namespace.
-
- void rb_include_module(VALUE klass, VALUE module)
-
-Includes module into class.  If class already includes it, just
-ignored.
-
- void rb_extend_object(VALUE object, VALUE module)
-
-Extend the object with the module's attributes.
-
-** Defining Global Variables
-
- void rb_define_variable(const char *name, VALUE *var)
-
-Defines a global variable which is shared between C and Ruby.  If name
-contains a character which is not allowed to be part of the symbol,
-it can't be seen from Ruby programs.
-
- void rb_define_readonly_variable(const char *name, VALUE *var)
-
-Defines a read-only global variable.  Works just like
-rb_define_variable(), except defined variable is read-only.
-
- void rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *name,
-				 VALUE (*getter)(), VALUE (*setter)())
-
-Defines a virtual variable, whose behavior is defined by a pair of C
-functions.  The getter function is called when the variable is
-referred.  The setter function is called when the value is set to the
-variable.  The prototype for getter/setter functions are:
-
-	VALUE getter(ID id)
-	void setter(VALUE val, ID id)
-
-The getter function must return the value for the access.
-
- void rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *name, VALUE *var,
-				VALUE (*getter)(), VALUE (*setter)())
-
-Defines hooked variable.  It's a virtual variable with a C variable.  
-The getter is called as
-
-	VALUE getter(ID id, VALUE *var)
-
-returning a new value.  The setter is called as
-
-	void setter(VALUE val, ID id, VALUE *var)
-
-GC requires C global variables which hold Ruby values to be marked.
-
- void rb_global_variable(VALUE *var)
-
-Tells GC to protect these variables.
-
-** Constant Definition
-
- void rb_define_const(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE val)
-
-Defines a new constant under the class/module.
-
- void rb_define_global_const(const char *name, VALUE val)
-
-Defines a global constant.  This is just the same as
-
-     rb_define_const(cKernal, name, val)
-
-** Method Definition
-
- rb_define_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-Defines a method for the class.  func is the function pointer.  argc
-is the number of arguments.  if argc is -1, the function will receive
-3 arguments: argc, argv, and self.  if argc is -2, the function will
-receive 2 arguments, self and args, where args is a Ruby array of
-the method arguments.
-
- rb_define_private_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-Defines a private method for the class.  Arguments are same as
-rb_define_method().
-
- rb_define_singleton_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-Defines a singleton method.  Arguments are same as rb_define_method().
-
- rb_scan_args(int argc, VALUE *argv, const char *fmt, ...)
-
-Retrieve argument from argc, argv.  The fmt is the format string for
-the arguments, such as "12" for 1 non-optional argument, 2 optional
-arguments.  If `*' appears at the end of fmt, it means the rest of
-the arguments are assigned to the corresponding variable, packed in
-an array.
-
-** Invoking Ruby method
-
- VALUE rb_funcall(VALUE recv, ID mid, int narg, ...)
-
-Invokes a method.  To retrieve mid from a method name, use rb_intern().
-
- VALUE rb_funcall2(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, VALUE *argv)
-
-Invokes a method, passing arguments by an array of values.
-
- VALUE rb_eval_string(const char *str)
-
-Compiles and executes the string as a Ruby program.
-
- ID rb_intern(const char *name)
-
-Returns ID corresponding to the name.
-
- char *rb_id2name(ID id)
-
-Returns the name corresponding ID.
-
- char *rb_class2name(VALUE klass)
-
-Returns the name of the class.
-
- int rb_respond_to(VALUE object, ID id)
-
-Returns true if the object responds to the message specified by id.
-
-** Instance Variables
-
- VALUE rb_iv_get(VALUE obj, const char *name)
-
-Retrieve the value of the instance variable.  If the name is not
-prefixed by `@', that variable shall be inaccessible from Ruby.
-
- VALUE rb_iv_set(VALUE obj, const char *name, VALUE val)
-
-Sets the value of the instance variable.
-
-** Control Structure
-
- VALUE rb_iterate(VALUE (*func1)(), void *arg1, VALUE (*func2)(), void *arg2)
-
-Calls the function func1, supplying func2 as the block.  func1 will be
-called with the argument arg1.  func2 receives the value from yield as
-the first argument, arg2 as the second argument.
- 
- VALUE rb_yield(VALUE val)
-
-Evaluates the block with value val.
-
- VALUE rb_rescue(VALUE (*func1)(), void *arg1, VALUE (*func2)(), void *arg2)
-
-Calls the function func1, with arg1 as the argument.  If an exception
-occurs during func1, it calls func2 with arg2 as the argument.  The
-return value of rb_rescue() is the return value from func1 if no
-exception occurs, from func2 otherwise.
-
- VALUE rb_ensure(VALUE (*func1)(), void *arg1, void (*func2)(), void *arg2)
-
-Calls the function func1 with arg1 as the argument, then calls func2
-with arg2 if execution terminated.  The return value from
-rb_ensure() is that of func1.
-
-** Exceptions and Errors
-
- void rb_warn(const char *fmt, ...)
-
-Prints a warning message according to a printf-like format.
-
- void rb_warning(const char *fmt, ...)
-
-Prints a warning message according to a printf-like format, if
-$VERBOSE is true.
-
- void rb_raise(VALUE exception, const char *fmt, ...)
-
-Raises a class exception.  The fmt is a format string just like printf().
-
- void rb_fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
-
-Raises a fatal error, terminates the interpreter.  No exception handling
-will be done for fatal errors, but ensure blocks will be executed.
-
- void rb_bug(const char *fmt, ...)
-
-Terminates the interpreter immediately.  This function should be
-called under the situation caused by the bug in the interpreter.  No
-exception handling nor ensure execution will be done.
-
-** Initialize and Starts the Interpreter
-
-The embedding API functions are below (not needed for extension libraries):
-
- void ruby_init()
-
-Initializes the interpreter.
-
- void ruby_options(int argc, char **argv)
-
-Process command line arguments for the interpreter.
-
- void ruby_run()
-
-Starts execution of the interpreter.
-
- void ruby_script(char *name)
-
-Specifies the name of the script ($0).
-
-Appendix C. Functions Available in extconf.rb
-
-These functions are available in extconf.rb:
-
- have_library(lib, func)
-
-Checks whether the library exists, containing the specified function.
-Returns true if the library exists.
-
- find_library(lib, func, path...)
-
-Checks whether a library which contains the specified function exists in
-path.  Returns true if the library exists.
-
- have_func(func, header)
-
-Checks whether func exists with header.  Returns true if the function
-exists.  To check functions in an additional library, you need to
-check that library first using have_library().
-
- have_header(header)
-
-Checks whether header exists.  Returns true if the header file exists.
-
- create_makefile(target)
-
-Generates the Makefile for the extension library.  If you don't invoke
-this method, the compilation will not be done.
-
- with_config(withval[, default=nil])
-
-Parses the command line options and returns the value specified by
---with-<withval>.
-
- dir_config(target[, default_dir])
- dir_config(target[, default_include, default_lib])
-
-Parses the command line options and adds the directories specified by
---with-<target>-dir, --with-<target>-include, and/or --with-<target>-lib
-to $CFLAGS and/or $LDFLAGS.  --with-<target>-dir=/path is equivalent to
---with-<target>-include=/path/include --with-<target>-lib=/path/lib.
-Returns an array of the added directories ([include_dir, lib_dir]).
-
-/*
- * Local variables:
- * fill-column: 70
- * end:
- */
+Moved to doc/extension.rdoc
diff --git a/README.EXT.ja b/README.EXT.ja
index 0ef67497ce..f884ecbb0e 100644
--- a/README.EXT.ja
+++ b/README.EXT.ja
@@ -1,1187 +1 @@
-.\" README.EXT.ja -  -*- Text -*- created at: Mon Aug  7 16:45:54 JST 1995
-
-Ruby�γ�ĥ�饤�֥��κ�������������ޤ���
-
-1�������μ�
-
-C���ѿ��ˤϷ������ꡤ�ǡ����ˤϷ�������ޤ��󡥤Ǥ����顤��
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-�갷���ޤ����դ�Ruby���ѿ��ˤϷ����ʤ����ǡ����˷��������
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-
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-�ơ��ǰ��ץ�����बcore dump���ޤ���
-
-1.1 �ǡ���������
-
-Ruby�ˤϥ桼�����Ȥ���ǽ���Τ���ʲ��Υ����פ�����ޤ���
-
-	T_NIL		nil
-	T_OBJECT	�̾�Υ��֥�������
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-	T_MODULE	�⥸�塼��
-	T_FLOAT		��ư��������
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-	T_HASH		Ϣ������
-	T_STRUCT	(Ruby��)��¤��
-	T_BIGNUM	¿��Ĺ����
-	T_FILE		������
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-
-����¾�����������Ѥ���Ƥ���ʲ��Υ����פ�����ޤ���
-
-	T_ICLASS
-	T_MATCH
-	T_UNDEF
-	T_VARMAP
-	T_SCOPE
-	T_NODE
-
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-���ˤϡ�TYPE()���ͤ�ʬ�����뤳�Ȥˤʤ�ޤ���
-
-  switch (TYPE(obj)) {
-    case T_FIXNUM:
-      /* FIXNUM�ν��� */
-      break;
-    case T_STRING:
-      /* ʸ����ν��� */
-      break;
-    case T_ARRAY:
-      /* ����ν��� */
-      break;
-    default:
-      /* �㳰��ȯ�������� */
-      rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "not valid value");
-      break;
-  }
-
-����ȥǡ��������פ�����å����ơ��������ʤ�����㳰��ȯ����
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-
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-
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-  NIL_P(obj)
-
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-
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-Data���֥������Ȥ���ݥ��󥿤���Ф��Τϰʲ��Υޥ������Ѥ�
-�ޤ���
-
-  Data_Get_Struct(obj, type, sval)
-
-C�ι�¤�ΤؤΥݥ��󥿤��ѿ�sval����������ޤ���
-
-������Data�λȤ����Ϥ���ä�ʬ����ˤ����Τǡ������������
-����򻲾Ȥ��Ƥ���������
-
-4������ - dbm�ѥå���������
-
-�����ޤǤ������ǤȤꤢ������ĥ�饤�֥��Ϻ���Ϥ��Ǥ���
-Ruby��ext�ǥ��쥯�ȥ�ˤ��Ǥ˴ޤޤ�Ƥ���dbm�饤�֥������
-�����ʳ�Ū���������ޤ���
-
-(1) �ǥ��쥯�ȥ����
-
-  % mkdir ext/dbm
-
-Ruby 1.1�����Ǥ�դΥǥ��쥯�ȥ�ǥ����ʥߥå��饤�֥����
-�뤳�Ȥ��Ǥ���褦�ˤʤ�ޤ�����Ruby����Ū�˥�󥯤������
-��Ruby��Ÿ�������ǥ��쥯�ȥ�β���ext�ǥ��쥯�ȥ����˳�ĥ
-�饤�֥���ѤΥǥ��쥯�ȥ����ɬ�פ�����ޤ���̾����Ŭ����
-����ǹ����ޤ���
-
-(2) MANIFEST�ե��������
-
-  % cd ext/dbm
-  % touch MANIFEST
-
-��ĥ�饤�֥��Υǥ��쥯�ȥ�β��ˤ�MANIFEST�Ȥ����ե����뤬
-ɬ�פʤΤǡ��Ȥꤢ�������Υե�������äƤ����ޤ�����Ǥ���
-�ե�����ˤ�ɬ�פʥե�������������뤳�Ȥˤʤ�ޤ���
-
-MANIFEST�Ȥ����ե�����ϡ���Ū��󥯤�make�λ��˥ǥ��쥯�ȥ�
-����ĥ�饤�֥���ޤ�Ǥ��뤫�ɤ���Ƚ�ꤹ�뤿��˻Ȥ����
-���ޤ��������ʥߥå��饤�֥�������ˤ�ɬ������ɬ�פǤ�
-����ޤ���
-
-(3) �߷פ���
-
-�ޤ��������ʤ�Ǥ����ɡ��ɤ�������ǽ��¸����뤫�ɤ����ޤ���
-�פ���ɬ�פ�����ޤ����ɤ�ʥ��饹��Ĥ��뤫�����Υ��饹�ˤ�
-�ɤ�ʥ᥽�åɤ����뤫�����饹���󶡤�������ʤɤˤĤ����߷�
-���ޤ���
-
-(4) C�����ɤ��
-
-��ĥ�饤�֥�����ΤȤʤ�C����Υ�������񤭤ޤ���C����Υ���
-�����ҤȤĤλ��ˤϡ֥饤�֥��̾.c�פ����֤��ɤ��Ǥ��礦��C
-����Υ�������ʣ���ξ��ˤϵդˡ֥饤�֥��̾.c�פȤ����ե�
-����̾���򤱤�ɬ�פ�����ޤ������֥������ȥե�����ȥ⥸�塼
-�������������Ū�����������֥饤�֥��̾.o�פȤ����ե�����
-�Ȥ����ͤ��뤫��Ǥ���
-
-Ruby�ϳ�ĥ�饤�֥�������ɤ�����ˡ�Init_�饤�֥��̾�פ�
-�����ؿ���ưŪ�˼¹Ԥ��ޤ���dbm�饤�֥��ξ���Init_dbm��
-�Ǥ������δؿ�����ǥ��饹���⥸�塼�롤�᥽�åɡ�����ʤɤ�
-�����Ԥ��ޤ���dbm.c����������Ѥ��ޤ���
-
---
-Init_dbm()
-{
-    /* DBM���饹��������� */
-    cDBM = rb_define_class("DBM", rb_cObject);
-    /* DBM��Enumerate�⥸�塼��򥤥󥯥롼�ɤ��� */
-    rb_include_module(cDBM, rb_mEnumerable);
-
-    /* DBM���饹�Υ��饹�᥽�å�open(): ������C������Ǽ����� */
-    rb_define_singleton_method(cDBM, "open", fdbm_s_open, -1);
-
-    /* DBM���饹�Υ᥽�å�close(): �����Ϥʤ� */
-    rb_define_method(cDBM, "close", fdbm_close, 0);
-    /* DBM���饹�Υ᥽�å�[]: ������1�� */
-    rb_define_method(cDBM, "[]", fdbm_fetch, 1);
-		:
-
-    /* DBM�ǡ������Ǽ���륤�󥹥����ѿ�̾�Τ����ID */
-    id_dbm = rb_intern("dbm");
-}
---
-
-DBM�饤�֥���dbm�Υǡ������б����륪�֥������Ȥˤʤ�Ϥ���
-�����顤C��������dbm��Ruby�������˼�����ɬ�פ�����ޤ���
-
-
-dbm.c�Ǥ�Data_Make_Struct��ʲ��Τ褦�˻ȤäƤ��ޤ���
-
---
-struct dbmdata {
-    int  di_size;
-    DBM *di_dbm;
-};
-
-
-obj = Data_Make_Struct(klass, struct dbmdata, 0, free_dbm, dbmp);
---
-
-�����Ǥ�dbmstruct��¤�ΤؤΥݥ��󥿤�Data�˥��ץ��벽���Ƥ�
-�ޤ���DBM*��ľ�ܥ��ץ��벽���ʤ��Τ�close()�������ν������
-���ƤΤ��ȤǤ���
-
-Data���֥������Ȥ���dbmstruct��¤�ΤΥݥ��󥿤���Ф�����
-�˰ʲ��Υޥ�����ȤäƤ��ޤ���
-
---
-#define GetDBM(obj, dbmp) {\
-    Data_Get_Struct(obj, struct dbmdata, dbmp);\
-    if (dbmp->di_dbm == 0) closed_dbm();\
-}
---
-
-����ä�ʣ���ʥޥ����Ǥ������פ����dbmdata��¤�ΤΥݥ���
-�μ��Ф��ȡ�close����Ƥ��뤫�ɤ����Υ����å���ޤȤ�Ƥ�
-������Ǥ���
-
-DBM���饹�ˤϤ�������᥽�åɤ�����ޤ�����ʬ�ह���3�����
-�����μ�����������ޤ����ҤȤĤϰ����ο�������Τ�Τǡ����
-���Ƥ�delete�᥽�åɤ�����ޤ���delete�᥽�åɤ�������Ƥ���
-fdbm_delete()�Ϥ��Τ褦�ˤʤäƤ��ޤ���
-
---
-static VALUE
-fdbm_delete(obj, keystr)
-    VALUE obj, keystr;
-{
-	:
-}
---
-
-�����ο�������Υ����פ���1������self����2�����ʹߤ��᥽�å�
-�ΰ����Ȥʤ�ޤ���
-
-�����ο�������Τ�Τ�C������Ǽ������Τ�Ruby������Ǽ���
-���ΤȤ�����ޤ���dbm�饤�֥�����ǡ�C������Ǽ�������
-��DBM�Υ��饹�᥽�åɤǤ���open()�Ǥ��������������Ƥ����
-��fdbm_s_open()�Ϥ����ʤäƤ��ޤ���
-
---
-static VALUE
-fdbm_s_open(argc, argv, klass)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE klass;
-{
-	:
-    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &file, &vmode) == 1) {
-	mode = 0666;		/* default value */
-    }
-	:
-}
---
-
-���Υ����פδؿ�����1������Ϳ����줿�����ο�����2������Ϳ��
-��줿���������äƤ�������ˤʤ�ޤ���self����3�����Ȥ���Ϳ
-�����ޤ���
-
-���������Ϳ����줿��������Ϥ��뤿��δؿ���open()�Ǥ�Ȥ�
-��Ƥ���rb_scan_args()�Ǥ�����3�����˻��ꤷ���ե����ޥåȤ�
-��������4�ѿ��ʹߤ˻��ꤷ���ѿ����ͤ��������Ƥ���ޤ�������
-�ե����ޥåȤϡ���1ʸ���ܤ���ά�Ǥ��ʤ������ο�����2ʸ���ܤ�
-��ά�Ǥ�������ο�����3ʸ���ܤ��б�������̵꤬�����ޤ�ΰ�
-�������뤫�ɤ����򼨤�"*"�Ǥ���2ʸ���ܤ�3ʸ���ܤϾ�ά�Ǥ���
-����dbm.c����Ǥϡ��ե����ޥåȤ�"11"�Ǥ����顤�����Ϻ���1��
-�ǡ�2�Ĥޤǵ������Ȥ�����̣�ˤʤ�ޤ�����ά����Ƥ������
-�ѿ����ͤ�nil(C����Υ�٥�Ǥ�Qnil)�ˤʤ�ޤ���
-
-Ruby������ǰ������������Τ�indexes������ޤ��������Ϥ�
-���Ǥ���
-
---
-static VALUE
-fdbm_indexes(obj, args)
-    VALUE obj, args;
-{
-	:
-}
---
-
-��1������self����2������Ruby������Ǥ���
-
-** ���ջ���
-
-Ruby�ȶ�ͭ�Ϥ��ʤ���Ruby�Υ��֥������Ȥ��Ǽ�����ǽ���Τ���
-C������ѿ��ϰʲ��δؿ���Ȥä�Ruby���󥿥ץ꥿���ѿ���¸��
-�򶵤��Ƥ����Ƥ����������Ǥʤ���GC�ǥȥ�֥�򵯤����ޤ���
-
-  void rb_global_variable(VALUE *var)
-
-(5) extconf.rb���Ѱդ���
-
-Makefile������ο����ˤʤ�extconf.rb�Ȥ����ե��������
-�ޤ���extconf.rb�ϥ饤�֥��Υ���ѥ����ɬ�פʾ��Υ�����
-���ʤɤ�Ԥ����Ȥ���Ū�Ǥ����ޤ���
-
-  require 'mkmf'
-
-��extconf.rb����Ƭ���֤��ޤ���extconf.rb����Ǥϰʲ���Ruby��
-����Ȥ����Ȥ�����ޤ���
-
-  have_library(lib, func): �饤�֥���¸�ߥ����å�
-  have_func(func, header): �ؿ���¸�ߥ����å�
-  have_header(header): �إå��ե������¸�ߥ����å�
-  create_makefile(target): Makefile������
-
-�ʲ����ѿ���Ȥ����Ȥ��Ǥ��ޤ���
-
-  $CFLAGS: ����ѥ�������ɲ�Ū�˻��ꤹ��ե饰(-I�ʤ�)
-  $LDFLAGS: ��󥯻����ɲ�Ū�˻��ꤹ��ե饰(-L�ʤ�)
-
-�饤�֥��򥳥�ѥ��뤹���郎·�鷺�����Υ饤�֥��򥳥�
-�ѥ��뤷�ʤ����ˤ�create_makefile��ƤФʤ����Makefile����
-�����줺������ѥ����Ԥ��ޤ���
-
-(6) depend���Ѱդ���
-
-�⤷���ǥ��쥯�ȥ��depend�Ȥ����ե����뤬¸�ߤ���С�
-Makefile����¸�ط�������å����Ƥ���ޤ���
-
-  % gcc -MM *.c > depend
-
-�ʤɤǺ�뤳�Ȥ�����ޤ������ä�»��̵���Ǥ��礦��
-
-(7) MANIFEST�ե�����˥ե�����̾�������
-
-  % find * -type f -print > MANIFEST
-  % vi MANIFEST
-
-*.o, *~�ʤ���ɬ�פʥե�����ʳ���MANIFEST���ɲä��Ƥ����ޤ���
-make���ˤ�MANIFEST�����Ƥϻ��Ȥ��ޤ���Τǡ����ΤޤޤǤ�����
-�ϵ����ޤ��󤬡��ѥå������󥰤λ��˻��Ȥ��뤳�Ȥ�����Τȡ�
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-����
-
-(8) Makefile����������
-
-Makefile��ºݤ��������뤿��ˤ�
-
-  ruby extconf.rb
-
-�Ȥ��ޤ���extconf.rb�� require 'mkmf' �ιԤ��ʤ����ˤϥ��顼
-�ˤʤ�ޤ��Τǡ��������ɲä���
-
-  ruby -r mkmf extconf.rb
-
-�Ȥ��Ƥ���������
-
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-��ưŪ��Makefile����������ޤ��Τǡ����Υ��ƥåפ����פǤ���
-
-(9) make����
-
-ưŪ��󥯥饤�֥�������������ˤϤ��ξ��make���Ƥ�����
-����ɬ�פǤ���� make install �ǥ��󥹥ȡ��뤵��ޤ���
-
-ext�ʲ��˥ǥ��쥯�ȥ���Ѱդ������ϡ�Ruby�Υǥ��쥯�ȥ��
-make��¹Ԥ����Makefile����������make��ɬ�פˤ�äƤϤ��Υ�
-���塼���Ruby�ؤΥ�󥯤ޤǼ�ưŪ�˼¹Ԥ��Ƥ���ޤ���
-extconf.rb��񤭴�����ʤɤ���Makefile�κ�������ɬ�פʻ��Ϥ�
-��Ruby�ǥ��쥯�ȥ��make���Ƥ���������
-
-��ĥ�饤�֥���make install��Ruby�饤�֥��Υǥ��쥯�ȥ��
-���˥��ԡ�����ޤ����⤷��ĥ�饤�֥��ȶ�Ĵ���ƻȤ�Ruby�ǵ�
-�Ҥ��줿�ץ�����ब���ꡤRuby�饤�֥����֤��������ˤϡ�
-��ĥ�饤�֥���ѤΥǥ��쥯�ȥ�β��� lib �Ȥ����ǥ��쥯�ȥ�
-���ꡤ������ ��ĥ�� .rb �Υե�������֤��Ƥ�����Ʊ���˥���
-���ȡ��뤵��ޤ���
-
-(10) �ǥХå�
-
-�ޤ����ǥХå����ʤ���ư���ʤ��Ǥ��礦�͡�ext/Setup�˥ǥ���
-���ȥ�̾��񤯤���Ū�˥�󥯤���ΤǥǥХå����Ȥ���褦�ˤ�
-��ޤ�������ʬ����ѥ��뤬�٤��ʤ�ޤ����ɡ�
-
-(11) �Ǥ�������
-
-��Ϥ��ä���Ȥ��ʤꡤ������������ʤꡤ���ʤꡤ����ͳ�ˤ�
-�Ȥ�����������Ruby�κ�Ԥϳ�ĥ�饤�֥��˴ؤ��ư��ڤθ�����
-��ĥ���ޤ���
-
-Appendix A. Ruby�Υ����������ɤ�ʬ��
-
-Ruby�Υ������Ϥ����Ĥ���ʬ�ह�뤳�Ȥ�����ޤ������Τ�������
-���饤�֥�����ʬ�ϴ���Ū�˳�ĥ�饤�֥���Ʊ��������ˤʤ�
-�Ƥ��ޤ��������Υ������Ϻ��ޤǤ������ǤۤȤ������Ǥ����
-�פ��ޤ���
-
-Ruby����Υ���
-
-  class.c
-  error.c
-  eval.c
-  gc.c
-  object.c
-  parse.y
-  variable.c
-
-�桼�ƥ���ƥ��ؿ�
-
-  dln.c
-  regex.c
-  st.c
-  util.c
-
-Ruby���ޥ�ɤμ���
-
-  dmyext.c
-  inits.c
-  main.c
-  ruby.c
-  version.c
-
-���饹�饤�֥��
-
-  array.c
-  bignum.c
-  compar.c
-  dir.c
-  enum.c
-  file.c
-  hash.c
-  io.c
-  marshal.c
-  math.c
-  numeric.c
-  pack.c
-  prec.c
-  process.c
-  random.c
-  range.c
-  re.c
-  signal.c
-  sprintf.c
-  string.c
-  struct.c
-  time.c
-
-Appendix B. ��ĥ�Ѵؿ���ե����
-
-C���줫��Ruby�ε�ǽ�����Ѥ���API�ϰʲ����̤�Ǥ��롥
-
-** ��
-
-VALUE
-
-  Ruby���֥������Ȥ�ɽ�����뷿��ɬ�פ˱����ƥ��㥹�Ȥ����Ѥ��롥
-  �Ȥ߹��߷���ɽ������C�η���ruby.h�˵��Ҥ��Ƥ���R�ǻϤޤ빽¤
-  �ΤǤ��롥VALUE���򤳤��˥��㥹�Ȥ��뤿���R�ǻϤޤ빽¤��
-  ̾��������ʸ���ˤ���̾���Υޥ������Ѱդ���Ƥ��롥
-
-** �ѿ������
-
-Qnil
-
-  ���: nil���֥�������
-
-Qtrue
-
-  ���: true���֥�������(���Υǥե������)
-
-Qfalse
-
-  ���: false���֥�������
-
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-
-Data_Wrap_Struct(VALUE klass, void (*mark)(), void (*free)(), void *sval)
-
-  C��Ǥ�դΥݥ��󥿤򥫥ץ��벽����Ruby���֥������Ȥ��֤�����
-  �Υݥ��󥿤�Ruby���饢����������ʤ��ʤä�����free�ǻ��ꤷ��
-  �ؿ����ƤФ�롥�ޤ������Υݥ��󥿤λؤ��ǡ�����¾��Ruby����
-  �������Ȥ�ؤ��Ƥ����硤mark�˻��ꤹ��ؿ��ǥޡ�������ɬ��
-  �����롥
-
-Data_Make_Struct(klass, type, mark, free, sval)
-
-  type���Υ����malloc�����ѿ�sval�����������塤����򥫥ץ�
-  �벽�����ǡ������֤��ޥ�����
-
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-
-  data����type���Υݥ��󥿤���Ф��ѿ�sval����������ޥ�����
-
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-
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-FIXNUM_P(value)
-NIL_P(value)
-void Check_Type(VALUE value, int type)
-void Check_SafeStr(VALUE value)
-
-** ���Ѵ�
-
-FIX2INT(value)
-INT2FIX(i)
-NUM2INT(value)
-INT2NUM(i)
-NUM2DBL(value)
-rb_float_new(f)
-STR2CSTR(value)
-rb_str_new2(s)
-
-** ���饹/�⥸�塼�����
-
-VALUE rb_define_class(const char *name, VALUE super)
-
-  super�Υ��֥��饹�Ȥ��ƿ�����Ruby���饹��������롥
-
-VALUE rb_define_class_under(VALUE module, const char *name, VALUE super)
-
-  super�Υ��֥��饹�Ȥ��ƿ�����Ruby���饹���������module��
-  ����Ȥ���������롥
-
-VALUE rb_define_module(const char *name)
-
-  ������Ruby�⥸�塼���������롥
-
-VALUE rb_define_module_under(VALUE module, const char *name, VALUE super)
-
-  ������Ruby�⥸�塼����������module������Ȥ���������롥
-
-void rb_include_module(VALUE klass, VALUE module)
-
-  �⥸�塼��򥤥󥯥롼�ɤ��롥class�����Ǥ�module�򥤥�
-  �롼�ɤ��Ƥ�����ˤϲ��⤷�ʤ�(¿�ť��󥯥롼�ɤζػ�)��
-
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-
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-
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-
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-
-  Ruby��C�ȤǶ�ͭ���륰�����Х��ѿ���������롥�ѿ�̾��`$'��
-  �Ϥޤ�ʤ����ˤϼ�ưŪ���ɲä���롥name�Ȥ���Ruby�μ��̻�
-  �Ȥ��Ƶ�����ʤ�ʸ��(�㤨��` ')��ޤ���ˤ�Ruby�ץ�����
-  �फ��ϸ����ʤ��ʤ롥
-
-void rb_define_readonly_variable(const char *name, VALUE *var)
-
-  Ruby��C�ȤǶ�ͭ����read only�Υ������Х��ѿ���������롥
-  read only�Ǥ��뤳�Ȱʳ���rb_define_variable()��Ʊ����
-
-void rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *name,
-				VALUE (*getter)(), void (*setter)())
-
-  �ؿ��ˤ�äƼ¸������Ruby�ѿ���������롥�ѿ������Ȥ��줿
-  ���ˤ�getter�����ѿ����ͤ����åȤ��줿���ˤ�setter���ƤФ�
-  �롥
-
-void rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *name, VALUE *var,
-			       VALUE (*getter)(), void (*setter)())
-
-  �ؿ��ˤ�ä�hook�ΤĤ���줿�������Х��ѿ���������롥�ѿ�
-  �����Ȥ��줿���ˤ�getter�����ؿ����ͤ����åȤ��줿���ˤ�
-  setter���ƤФ�롥getter��setter��0����ꤷ�����ˤ�hook��
-  ���ꤷ�ʤ��Τ�Ʊ�����ˤʤ롥
-
-void rb_global_variable(VALUE *var)
-
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-  �������Ȥ�ޤ�����ѿ���ޡ������롥
-
-** ���
-
-void rb_define_const(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE val)
-
-  �����������롥
-
-void rb_define_global_const(const char *name, VALUE val)
-
-  ��������������롥
-
-     rb_define_const(rb_cObject, name, val)
-
-  ��Ʊ����̣��
-
-** �᥽�å����
-
-rb_define_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-  �᥽�åɤ�������롥argc��self����������ο���argc��-1�λ�, 
-  �ؿ��ˤϰ����ο�(self��ޤޤʤ�)����1����, �������������2
-  �����Ȥ��������Ϳ������(��3������self)��argc��-2�λ�, 
-  ��1������self, ��2������args(args�ϰ�����ޤ�Ruby������)��
-  ����������Ϳ�����롥
- 
-rb_define_private_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-  private�᥽�åɤ�������롥������rb_define_method()��Ʊ����
-
-rb_define_singleton_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE (*func)(), int argc)
-
-  �ðۥ᥽�åɤ�������롥������rb_define_method()��Ʊ����
-
-rb_scan_args(int argc, VALUE *argv, const char *fmt, ...)
-
-  argc, argv������Ϳ����줿������ʬ�򤹤롥fmt��ɬ�ܰ����ο�, 
-  �ղð����ο�, �Ĥ�ΰ��������뤫����ꤹ��ʸ�����, "����
-  ����*"�Ȥ��������Ǥ��롥 2 ���ܤο�����"*"�Ϥ��줾���ά��
-  ǽ�Ǥ��롥ɬ�ܰ�������Ĥ�ʤ�����0����ꤹ�롥��3������
-  �ߤ��ѿ��ؤΥݥ��󥿤�, �����������Ǥ������ѿ��˳�Ǽ����롥
-  �ղð������б����������Ϳ�����Ƥ��ʤ������ѿ���Qnil��
-  ��������롥
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-** Ruby�᥽�åɸƤӽФ�
-
-VALUE rb_funcall(VALUE recv, ID mid, int narg, ...)
-
-  �᥽�åɸƤӽФ���ʸ���󤫤�mid�����뤿��ˤ�rb_intern()��
-  �Ȥ���
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-VALUE rb_funcall2(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, VALUE *argv)
-
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-VALUE rb_eval_string(const char *str)
-
-  ʸ�����Ruby������ץȤȤ��ƥ���ѥ��롦�¹Ԥ��롥
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-ID rb_intern(const char *name)
-
-  ʸ������б�����ID���֤���
-
-char *rb_id2name(ID id)
-
-  ID���б�����ʸ������֤�(�ǥХå���)��
-
-char *rb_class2name(VALUE klass)
-
-  ���饹��̾�����֤�(�ǥХå���)�����饹��̾��������ʤ����ˤ�, 
-  ������̤ä�̾������ĥ��饹��̾�����֤���
-
-int rb_respond_to(VALUE obj, ID id)
-
-  obj��id�Ǽ������᥽�åɤ���Ĥ��ɤ������֤���
-
-** ���󥹥����ѿ�
-
-VALUE rb_iv_get(VALUE obj, const char *name)
-
-  obj�Υ��󥹥����ѿ����ͤ����롥`@'�ǻϤޤ�ʤ����󥹥���
-  ���ѿ��� Ruby�ץ�����फ�饢�������Ǥ��ʤ��ֱ��줿�ץ���
-  �������ѿ��ˤʤ롥�������ʸ����̾������ĥ��饹(�ޤ���
-  �⥸�塼��)�Υ��󥹥����ѿ��Ȥ��Ƽ�������Ƥ��롥
-
-VALUE rb_iv_set(VALUE obj, const char *name, VALUE val)
-
-  obj�Υ��󥹥����ѿ���val�˥��åȤ��롥
-
-** ���湽¤
-
-VALUE rb_iterate(VALUE (*func1)(), VALUE arg1, VALUE (*func2)(), VALUE arg2)
-
-  func2��֥��å��Ȥ������ꤷ, func1�򥤥ƥ졼���Ȥ��ƸƤ֡� 
-  func1�ˤ� arg1�������Ȥ����Ϥ���, func2�ˤ���1�����˥��ƥ졼
-  ������Ϳ����줿��, ��2������arg2���Ϥ���롥
- 
-VALUE rb_yield(VALUE val)
-
-  val���ͤȤ��ƥ��ƥ졼���֥��å���ƤӽФ���
-
-VALUE rb_rescue(VALUE (*func1)(), VALUE arg1, VALUE (*func2)(), VALUE arg2)
-
-  �ؿ�func1��arg1������˸ƤӽФ���func1�μ¹�����㳰��ȯ��
-  �������ˤ� func2��arg2������Ȥ��ƸƤ֡�����ͤ��㳰��ȯ��
-  ���ʤ��ä�����func1�������, �㳰��ȯ���������ˤ�func2����
-  ���ͤǤ��롥
-
-VALUE rb_ensure(VALUE (*func1)(), VALUE arg1, void (*func2)(), VALUE arg2)
-
-  �ؿ�func1��arg1������Ȥ��Ƽ¹Ԥ�, �¹Խ�λ��(���Ȥ��㳰��
-  ȯ�����Ƥ�) func2��arg2������Ȥ��Ƽ¹Ԥ��롥����ͤ�func1
-  ������ͤǤ���(�㳰��ȯ�������������ʤ�)��
-
-** �㳰�����顼
-
-void rb_warning(const char *fmt, ...)
-
-  rb_verbose����ɸ�२�顼���Ϥ˷ٹ�����ɽ�����롥������
-  printf()��Ʊ����
-
-void rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, const char *fmt, ...)
-
-  RuntimeError�㳰��ȯ�������롥������printf()��Ʊ����
-
-void rb_raise(VALUE exception, const char *fmt, ...)
-
-  exception�ǻ��ꤷ���㳰��ȯ�������롥fmt�ʲ��ΰ�����
-  printf()��Ʊ����
-
-void rb_fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
-
-  ��̿Ū�㳰��ȯ�������롥�̾���㳰�����ϹԤʤ�줺, ���󥿡�
-  �ץ꥿����λ����(������ensure�ǻ��ꤵ�줿�����ɤϽ�λ����
-  �¹Ԥ����)��
-
-void rb_bug(const char *fmt, ...)
-
-  ���󥿡��ץ꥿�ʤɥץ������ΥХ��Ǥ���ȯ������Ϥ��Τʤ�
-  �����λ��Ƥ֡����󥿡��ץ꥿�ϥ�������פ�ľ���˽�λ���롥
-  �㳰�����ϰ��ڹԤʤ��ʤ���
-
-** Ruby�ν�������¹�
-
-Ruby�򥢥ץꥱ����������������ˤϰʲ��Υ��󥿥ե�����
-��Ȥ����̾�γ�ĥ�饤�֥��ˤ�ɬ�פʤ���
-
-void ruby_init()
-
-  Ruby���󥿥ץ꥿�ν������Ԥʤ���
-
-void ruby_options(int argc, char **argv)
-
-  Ruby���󥿥ץ꥿�Υ��ޥ�ɥ饤������ν�����Ԥʤ���
-
-void ruby_run()
-
-  Ruby���󥿥ץ꥿��¹Ԥ��롥
-
-void ruby_script(char *name)
-
-  Ruby�Υ�����ץ�̾($0)�����ꤹ�롥
-
-
-Appendix C. extconf.rb�ǻȤ���ؿ�����
-
-extconf.rb����Ǥ����Ѳ�ǽ�ʥ���ѥ���������å��δؿ��ϰ�
-�����̤�Ǥ��롥
-
-have_library(lib, func)
-
-  �ؿ�func��������Ƥ���饤�֥��lib��¸�ߤ�����å����롥
-  �饤�֥�꤬¸�ߤ������true���֤���
-
-find_library(lib, func, path...)
-
-  �ؿ�func��������Ƥ���饤�֥��lib��¸�ߤ� -Lpath ���ɲ�
-  ���ʤ�������å����롥�饤�֥�꤬���դ��ä�����true���֤���
-
-have_func(func, header)
-
-  �إå��ե�����header�򥤥󥯥롼�ɤ��ƴؿ�func��¸�ߤ������
-  �����롥func��ɸ��Ǥϥ�󥯤���ʤ��饤�֥����Τ�ΤǤ�
-  ����ˤ����have_library�Ǥ��Υ饤�֥�������å����Ƥ���
-  �����ؿ���¸�ߤ����true���֤���
-
-have_header(header)
-
-  �إå��ե������¸�ߤ�����å����롥�إå��ե����뤬¸�ߤ�
-  ���true���֤���
-
-create_makefile(target)
-
-  ��ĥ�饤�֥���Ѥ�Makefile���������롥���δؿ���ƤФʤ���
-  �Ф��Υ饤�֥��ϥ���ѥ��뤵��ʤ���target�ϥ⥸�塼��̾
-  ��ɽ����
-
-with_config(withval[, default=nil])
-
-  ���ޥ�ɥ饤����--with-<withval>�ǻ��ꤵ�줿���ץ�����ͤ����롥
-
-dir_config(target[, default_dir])
-dir_config(target[, default_include, default_lib])
-
-  ���ޥ�ɥ饤����--with-<target>-dir, --with-<target>-include,
-  --with-<target>-lib�Τ����줫�ǻ��ꤵ���ǥ��쥯�ȥ��
-  $CFLAGS �� $LDFLAGS ���ɲä��롥--with-<target>-dir=/path��
-  --with-<target>-include=/path/include --with-<target>-lib=/path/lib
-  �������Ǥ��롥�ɲä��줿 include �ǥ��쥯�ȥ�� lib �ǥ��쥯�ȥ��
-  ������֤��� ([include_dir, lib_dir])
-
-/*
- * Local variables:
- * fill-column: 60
- * end:
- */
+doc/extension.ja.rdocに移動しました
diff --git a/README.ja b/README.ja
deleted file mode 100644
index fc502dd440..0000000000
--- a/README.ja
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,153 +0,0 @@
-* Ruby�Ȥ�
-
-Ruby�ϥ���ץ뤫�Ķ��Ϥʥ��֥������Ȼظ�������ץȸ���Ǥ���
-Ruby�Ϻǽ餫����ʥ��֥������Ȼظ�����Ȥ����߷פ���Ƥ���
-�����顤���֥������Ȼظ��ץ�����ߥ󥰤��ڤ˹Ԥ����������
-������������̾�μ�³�����Υץ�����ߥ󥰤��ǽ�Ǥ���
-
-Ruby�ϥƥ����Ƚ����ط���ǽ�Ϥʤɤ�ͥ�졤Perl��Ʊ�����餤����
-�Ǥ�������˥���ץ��ʸˡ�ȡ��㳰�����䥤�ƥ졼���ʤɤε���
-�ˤ�äơ����ʬ����䤹���ץ�����ߥ󥰤�����ޤ���
-
-
-* Ruby����Ĺ
-
-  + ����ץ��ʸˡ
-  + ���̤Υ��֥������Ȼظ���ǽ(���饹���᥽�åɥ�����ʤ�)
-  + �ü�ʥ��֥������Ȼظ���ǽ(Mixin, �ðۥ᥽�åɤʤ�)
-  + �黻�ҥ����С�������
-  + �㳰������ǽ
-  + ���ƥ졼���ȥ���������
-  + �����١������쥯��
-  + �����ʥߥå������ǥ��� (�������ƥ�����ˤ��)
-  + �ܿ������⤤��¿����UNIX���ư�������Ǥʤ���DOS��Windows��
-    Mac��BeOS�ʤɤξ�Ǥ�ư��
-
-
-* ����ˡ
-
-** ftp��
-
-�ʲ��ξ��ˤ����Ƥ���ޤ���
-
-  ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/
-
-** CVS��
-
-  $ cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.ruby-lang.org:/src login
-  (Logging in to anonymous@cvs.ruby-lang.org)
-  CVS password: anonymous
-  $ cvs -z4 -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.ruby-lang.org:src checkout ruby
-
-
-* �ۡ���ڡ���
-
-Ruby�Υۡ���ڡ�����URL��
-
-   http://www.ruby-lang.org/
-
-�Ǥ���
-
-
-* �᡼��󥰥ꥹ��
-
-Ruby�Υ᡼��󥰥ꥹ�Ȥ�����ޤ������ô�˾������
-
-   ruby-list-ctl@ruby-lang.org
-
-�ޤ���ʸ��
-
-   subscribe YourFirstName YourFamilyName
-   
-�Ƚ񤤤����äƲ������� 
-
-Ruby��ȯ�Ը����᡼��󥰥ꥹ�Ȥ⤢��ޤ���������Ǥ�ruby�Υ�
-��������λ��ͳ�ĥ�ʤɼ����������ˤĤ��Ƶ�������Ƥ��ޤ���
-���ô�˾������
-
-   ruby-dev-ctl@ruby-lang.org
-
-�ޤ�ruby-list��Ʊ�ͤ���ˡ�ǥ᡼�뤷�Ƥ��������� 
-
-Ruby��ĥ�⥸�塼��ˤĤ����ä��礦ruby-ext�᡼��󥰥ꥹ�Ȥ�
-���شط�������ˤĤ����ä��礦ruby-math�᡼��󥰥ꥹ�Ȥ�
-�Ѹ���ä��礦ruby-talk�᡼��󥰥ꥹ�Ȥ⤢��ޤ���������ˡ
-�Ϥɤ��Ʊ���Ǥ��� 
-
-
-* ����ѥ��롦���󥹥ȡ���
-
-�ʲ��μ��ǹԤäƤ���������
-
-  1. �⤷configure�ե����뤬���Ĥ���ʤ����⤷����
-     configure.in���Ť��褦�ʤ顢autoconf��¹Ԥ���
-     ������configure����������
-
-  2. configure��¹Ԥ���Makefile�ʤɤ���������
-
-  3. (ɬ�פʤ��)defines.h���Խ�����
-
-     ¿ʬ��ɬ��̵���Ȼפ��ޤ���
-
-  4. (ɬ�פʤ��)ext/Setup����Ū�˥�󥯤����ĥ�⥸�塼���
-     ���ꤹ��
-
-     ext/Setup�˵��Ҥ����⥸�塼�����Ū�˥�󥯤���ޤ���
-
-     �����ʥߥå������ǥ��󥰤򥵥ݡ��Ȥ��Ƥ��ʤ��������ƥ�
-     ����Ǥ�Setup��1���ܤΡ�option nodynamic�פȤ����ԤΥ�
-     ���Ȥ򳰤�ɬ�פ�����ޤ����ޤ������Υ������ƥ������
-     ��ĥ�⥸�塼������Ѥ��뤿��ˤϡ����餫������Ū�˥��
-     �����Ƥ���ɬ�פ�����ޤ���
-
-  5. make��¹Ԥ��ƥ���ѥ��뤹��
-
-  6. make test�ǥƥ��Ȥ�Ԥ���
-
-     ��test succeeded�פ�ɽ�������������Ǥ����������ƥ���
-     ���������Ƥⴰ�������ݾڤ���Ƥ������ǤϤ���ޤ���
-
-  7. make install
-
-     root�Ǻ�Ȥ���ɬ�פ����뤫�⤷��ޤ���
-
-�⤷������ѥ�����˥��顼��ȯ���������ˤϥ��顼�Υ����ȥ�
-����OS�μ����ޤ�Ǥ�������ܤ�����ݡ��Ȥ��Ԥ����äƤ�
-�������¾�����Τ���ˤ�ʤ�ޤ���
-
-
-* �ܿ�
-
-UNIX�Ǥ����configure���ۤȤ�ɤκ��ۤ�ۼ����Ƥ����Ϥ���
-�������פ�̸���Ȥ������ä����(����˰㤤�ʤ�)����Ԥˤ���
-���Ȥ��ݡ��Ȥ���С����Ǥ��뤫���Τ�ޤ���
-
-�������ƥ�����ˤ�äȤ��¸����Τ�GC���Ǥ���Ruby��GC���о�
-�Υ������ƥ����㤬setjmp()�ˤ�ä����ƤΥ쥸������ jmp_buf��
-��Ǽ���뤳�Ȥȡ�jmp_buf�ȥ����å���32bit���饤����Ȥ����
-���뤳�Ȥ��ꤷ�Ƥ��ޤ����ä����Ԥ���Ω���ʤ������б�����
-��˺���Ǥ��礦����Ԥβ������Ū��ñ�ǡ�gc.c�ǥ����å���
-�ޡ������Ƥ�����ʬ�˥��饤����ȤΥХ��ȿ��������餷�ƥޡ�
-�����륳���ɤ��ɲä�������ǺѤߤޤ�����defined(THINK_C)�פ�
-����Ƥ�����ʬ�򻲹ͤˤ��Ƥ�������
-
-# �ºݤˤ�Ruby��Think C�Ǥϥ���ѥ���Ǥ��ޤ���
-
-�쥸����������ɥ������CPU�Ǥϡ��쥸����������ɥ��򥹥���
-���˥ե�å��夹�륢����֥饳���ɤ��ɲä���ɬ�פ����뤫����
-��ޤ���
-
-
-* ���۾��
-
-COPYING.ja�ե�����򻲾Ȥ��Ƥ���������
-
-
-* ����
-
-�����ȡ��Х���ݡ��Ȥ���¾�� matz@netlab.jp �ޤǡ�
--------------------------------------------------------
-created at: Thu Aug  3 11:57:36 JST 1995
-Local variables:
-mode: indented-text
-end:
diff --git a/README.ja.md b/README.ja.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..93c0131690
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.ja.md
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+[![Actions Status: MinGW](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/MinGW/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MinGW")
+[![Actions Status: MJIT](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/MJIT/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MJIT")
+[![Actions Status: Ubuntu](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/Ubuntu/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Ubuntu")
+[![Actions Status: Windows](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/Windows/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Windows")
+[![AppVeyor status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/0sy8rrxut4o0k960/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/ruby/ruby/branch/master)
+[![Travis Status](https://app.travis-ci.com/ruby/ruby.svg?branch=master)](https://app.travis-ci.com/ruby/ruby)
+
+# Rubyとは
+
+Rubyはシンプルかつ強力なオブジェクト指向スクリプト言語です． Rubyは純粋なオブジェクト指向言語として設計されているので，
+オブジェクト指向プログラミングを手軽に行う事が出来ます．もちろん普通の手続き型のプログラミングも可能です．
+
+Rubyはテキスト処理関係の能力などに優れ，Perlと同じくらい強力です．さらにシンプルな文法と，
+例外処理やイテレータなどの機構によって，より分かりやすいプログラミングが出来ます．
+
+## Rubyの特長
+
+*   シンプルな文法
+*   普通のオブジェクト指向機能(クラス，メソッドコールなど)
+*   特殊なオブジェクト指向機能(Mixin，特異メソッドなど)
+*   演算子オーバーロード
+*   例外処理機能
+*   イテレータとクロージャ
+*   ガーベージコレクタ
+*   ダイナミックローディング (アーキテクチャによる)
+*   移植性が高い．多くのUnix-like/POSIX互換プラットフォーム上で動くだけでなく，Windows， macOS，
+    Haikuなどの上でも動く cf.
+    https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/doc/contributing.rdoc#platform-maintainers
+
+
+## 入手法
+
+サードパーティーツールを使った方法を含むRubyのインストール方法の一覧は
+
+https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/downloads/
+
+を参照してください．
+
+### Git
+
+ミラーをGitHubに公開しています． 以下のコマンドでリポジトリを取得できます．
+
+    $ git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
+
+他のブランチの一覧は次のコマンドで見られます．
+
+    $ git ls-remote https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
+
+Rubyリポジトリの本来のmasterは https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git にあります．
+コミッタはこちらを使います．
+
+### Subversion
+
+古いRubyのバージョンのソースコードは次のコマンドでも取得できます．
+
+    $ svn co https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/ruby_2_6/ ruby
+
+他のブランチの一覧は次のコマンドで見られます．
+
+    $ svn ls https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/
+
+
+## ホームページ
+
+RubyのホームページのURLは
+
+https://www.ruby-lang.org/
+
+です．
+
+## メーリングリスト
+
+Rubyのメーリングリストがあります．参加希望の方は [ruby-list-request@ruby-lang.org] まで本文に
+
+    subscribe
+
+と書いて送って下さい．
+
+Ruby開発者向けメーリングリストもあります．こちらではrubyのバグ，将来の仕様拡張など実装上の問題について議論されています．
+参加希望の方は [ruby-dev-request@ruby-lang.org] までruby-listと同様の方法でメールしてください．
+
+Ruby拡張モジュールについて話し合うruby-extメーリングリストと数学関係の話題について話し合うruby-mathメーリングリストと
+英語でrubyについて話し合うruby-talkメーリングリストもあります．参加方法はどれも同じです．
+
+[ruby-list-request@ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-list-request@ruby-lang.org?subject=Join%20Ruby%20Mailing%20List&body=subscribe
+[ruby-dev-request@ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-dev-request@ruby-lang.org?subject=Join%20Ruby%20Mailing%20List&body=subscribe
+
+## コンパイル・インストール
+
+以下の手順で行ってください．
+
+1.  (Gitリポジトリから取得したソースをビルドする場合) `./autogen.sh` を実行して新しく `configure` を生成する
+
+2.  `configure` を実行して `Makefile` などを生成する
+
+    環境によってはデフォルトのCコンパイラ用オプションが付きます． `configure` オプションで `optflags=..`
+    `warnflags=..` 等で上書きできます．
+
+3.  (必要ならば)`include/ruby/defines.h` を編集する
+
+    多分，必要無いと思います．
+
+4.  (必要ならば)`ext/Setup` に静的にリンクする拡張モジュールを指定する
+
+    `ext/Setup` に記述したモジュールは静的にリンクされます．
+
+    ダイナミックローディングをサポートしていないアーキテクチャでは `Setup` の1行目の「`option nodynamic`」という行のコ
+    メントを外す必要があります．
+    また，このアーキテクチャで拡張モジュールを利用するためには，あらかじめ静的にリンクをしておく必要があります．
+
+5.  `make` を実行してコンパイルする
+
+6.  `make check`でテストを行う．
+
+    「`check succeeded`」と表示されれば成功です．ただしテストに成功しても完璧だと保証されている訳ではありません．
+
+7.  `make install`
+
+    以下のディレクトリを作って，そこにファイルをインストー ルします．
+
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/bin`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/include/ruby-${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/include/ruby-${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/gems/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/share/man/man1`
+    *   `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/share/ri/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/system`
+
+
+    RubyのAPIバージョンが'*x.y.z*'であれば，`${MAJOR}`は
+    '*x*'で，`${MINOR}`は'*y*'，`${TEENY}`は'*z*'です．
+
+    **注意**: APIバージョンの `teeny` は，Rubyプログラムのバージョンとは異なることがあります．
+
+    `root` で作業する必要があるかもしれません．
+
+
+もし，コンパイル時にエラーが発生した場合にはエラーのログとマシン，OSの種類を含むできるだけ詳しいレポートを作者に送って下さると他の方のためにもなります．
+
+## 移植
+
+UNIXであれば `configure` がほとんどの差異を吸収してくれるはずですが，思わぬ見落としがあった場合(ある事が多い)，作者にその
+ことを報告すれば，解決できる可能性があります．
+
+アーキテクチャにもっとも依存するのはGC部です．RubyのGCは対象
+のアーキテクチャが`setjmp()`または`getcontext()`によって全てのレジスタを `jmp_buf` や `ucontext_t`
+に格納することと， `jmp_buf` や `ucontext_t` とスタックが32bitアラインメントされていることを仮定
+しています．特に前者が成立しない場合の対応は非常に困難でしょう． 後者の解決は比較的簡単で， `gc.c` でスタックをマークしている
+部分にアラインメントのバイト数だけずらしてマークするコードを追加するだけで済みます．`defined(__mc68000__)`で括られてい
+る部分を参考にしてください．
+
+レジスタウィンドウを持つCPUでは，レジスタウィンドウをスタックにフラッシュするアセンブラコードを追加する必要があるかもしれません．
+
+## 配布条件
+
+[COPYING.ja](COPYING.ja) ファイルを参照してください．
+
+## フィードバック
+
+Rubyに関する質問は [Ruby-Talk]（英語）や [Ruby-List]（日本語）や，
+[stackoverflow] などのWebサイトに投稿してください．
+
+バグ報告は https://bugs.ruby-lang.org で受け付けています．
+
+[Ruby-Talk]: https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/community/mailing-lists
+[Ruby-List]: https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/community/mailing-lists
+[stackoverflow]: https://ja.stackoverflow.com/
+
+## 著者
+
+Rubyのオリジナル版は，1995年にまつもとゆきひろ氏によって設計・開発されました．
+
+<mailto:matz@ruby-lang.org>
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c445448c71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+[![Actions Status: MinGW](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/MinGW/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MinGW")
+[![Actions Status: MJIT](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/MJIT/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MJIT")
+[![Actions Status: Ubuntu](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/Ubuntu/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Ubuntu")
+[![Actions Status: Windows](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/Windows/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Windows")
+[![AppVeyor status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/0sy8rrxut4o0k960/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/ruby/ruby/branch/master)
+[![Travis Status](https://app.travis-ci.com/ruby/ruby.svg?branch=master)](https://app.travis-ci.com/ruby/ruby)
+
+# What is Ruby?
+
+Ruby is an interpreted object-oriented programming language often
+used for web development. It also offers many scripting features
+to process plain text and serialized files, or manage system tasks.
+It is simple, straightforward, and extensible.
+
+## Features of Ruby
+
+* Simple Syntax
+* **Normal** Object-oriented Features (e.g. class, method calls)
+* **Advanced** Object-oriented Features (e.g. mix-in, singleton-method)
+* Operator Overloading
+* Exception Handling
+* Iterators and Closures
+* Garbage Collection
+* Dynamic Loading of Object Files (on some architectures)
+* Highly Portable (works on many Unix-like/POSIX compatible platforms as
+  well as Windows, macOS, etc.) cf.
+  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/doc/maintainers.rdoc#label-Platform+Maintainers
+
+## How to get Ruby with Git
+
+For a complete list of ways to install Ruby, including using third-party tools
+like rvm, see:
+
+https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/
+
+The mirror of the Ruby source tree can be checked out with the following command:
+
+    $ git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
+
+There are some other branches under development. Try the following command
+to see the list of branches:
+
+    $ git ls-remote https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
+
+You may also want to use https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git (actual master of Ruby source)
+if you are a committer.
+
+## How to build
+
+see [Building Ruby](doc/contributing/building_ruby.md)
+
+## Ruby home page
+
+https://www.ruby-lang.org/
+
+## Documentation
+
+- [English](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/index.html)
+- [Japanese](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/ja/master/index.html)
+
+## Mailing list
+
+There is a mailing list to discuss Ruby. To subscribe to this list, please
+send the following phrase:
+
+    subscribe
+
+in the mail body (not subject) to the address [ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org].
+
+[ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org?subject=Join%20Ruby%20Mailing%20List&body=subscribe
+
+## Copying
+
+See the file [COPYING](rdoc-ref:COPYING).
+
+## Feedback
+
+Questions about the Ruby language can be asked on the [Ruby-Talk](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/community/mailing-lists) mailing list
+or on websites like https://stackoverflow.com.
+
+Bugs should be reported at https://bugs.ruby-lang.org. Read ["Reporting Issues"](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/contributing/reporting_issues_md.html) for more information.
+
+## Contributing
+
+See ["Contributing to Ruby"](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/contributing_md.html), which includes setup and build instructions.
+
+## The Author
+
+Ruby was originally designed and developed by Yukihiro Matsumoto (Matz) in 1995.
+
+<matz@ruby-lang.org>
diff --git a/ToDo b/ToDo
deleted file mode 100644
index fa7f32daed..0000000000
--- a/ToDo
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-Language Spec.
-
-- Class#allocate - basicNew
-* operator !! for rescue. ???
-* objectify characters
-* ../... outside condition invokes operator method too.
-* ... inside condition turns off just before right condition.???
-* package or access control for global variables??
-* named arguments like foo(nation:="german") or foo(nation: "german").
-* method to retrieve argument information (needs new C API)
-* multiple return values, yield values.  maybe incompatible ???
-* cascading method invocation ???
-* def Class#method .. end ??
-* class Foo::Bar<Baz .. end, module Boo::Bar .. end
-* def Foo::Bar::baz() .. end ??
-* I18N (or M17N) script/string/regexp
-* Fixnum 0 as false ????
-* discourage use of symbol variables (e.g. $/, etc.) in manual
-* discourage use of Perlish features by giving warnings.
-* non confusing in-block local variable (is it possible?)
-  + remove scope by block
-  + variables appears within block may have independent values.
-* Regexp: make /o thread safe.
-* decide whether begin with rescue or ensure make do..while loop.
-* a +1 to be a+1, not a(+1).
-* unify == and eql? again
-* to_i returns nil if str contains no digit.
-* raise exception by `` error
-* jar like combined library package. -> RubyGems?
-* resumable Exception via Exception#resume.
-* method combination, e.g. before, after, around, etc.
-* .. or something like defadvice in Emacs.
-* property - for methods, or for objects in general.
-* "in" modifier, to annotate, or to encourage assertion.
-* selector namespace - something like generic-flet in CLOS, to help RubyBehavior
-* private instance variable (as in Python?) @_foo in class Foo => @_Foo_foo
-* warn/error "bare word" method, like "foo",  you should type "foo()"
-* clarify evaluation order of operator argument (=~, .., ...)
-* :symbol => value hash in the form of {symbol: value, ...} ??
-
-Hacking Interpreter
-
-- generational GC
-* non-blocking open (e.g. for named pipe) for thread
-* avoid blocking with gethostbyname/gethostbyaddr (use fork ???)
-* objectify interpreters ???
-* remove rb_eval() recursions
-* syntax tree -> bytecode ???
-* scrambled script, or script filter
-* setuid ruby
-* performance tune for in-block (dynamic) local variables.
-* give warnings to assign magic variables.
-* export rb_io_{addstr,printf,puts,print}
-* autoload should work with threads [ruby-talk:4589]
-* remove stdio dependency from IOs.
-* warn for inconsistent local variable usage (lv m and method m at the same time). 
-* MicroRuby
-* Built-in Interactive Ruby.
-* Parser API
-* trap every method invocation, which can be enabled by e.g. trap_call :method.
-* unify Errno exceptions of same errno, or new exception comparison scheme.
-* 2.times{|i| if i==0 then a = 15 else puts eval("a") end} should print nil.
-* Thread#max_stack_size attribute (possible??)
-
-Standard Libraries
-
-- Module#define_method which takes a name and a body (block, proc or method).
-- Enume#inject
-- Array#fetch
-- IO::for_fd
-- Process::waitall [ruby-talk:4557]
-- Process::Status
-- File::lchown, File::lchmod; xxx - still need work for non existing platforms
-- move Time::times to Process.
-- Enumerable#sort_by for Schwartzian transformation
-- fork_and_kill_other_threads.
-- signal list (Signal::trap, Signal::list).
-- move NameError under StandardError.
-- Integer#to_s(base)
-- Hash::new{default}
-- hash etc. should handle self referenceing array/hash
-- Array#select(n1,n2...) works like Array#indexes(n1,n2...)
-- use Mersenne Twister RNG for random.
-* String#scanf(?)
-* Object#fmt(?)
-* Time::strptime
-* Integer[num], Float[num];  Fixnum[num]?
-* method to retrieve non-number trailer for to_i/to_f.
-* Stream or Port, abstract superclass of IO ?
-* String#{pred,prev}, String#downto
-* optional stepsize argument for succ()
-* Ruby module -- Ruby::Version, Ruby::Interpreter
-* introduce Boolean class; super of TrueClass, FalseClass
-* synchronized method - synchronized{...}, synchronized :foo, :bar
-* Array#&, Array#| to allow duplication. ???
-* way to specify immortal (fork endurance) thread;
-* or raise ForkException to every thread but fork caller.
-* new user-defined marshal scheme. _dump(dumper), _load(restorer)
-* library to load per-user profile seeking .ruby_profile or ruby.ini file.
-* warning framework (warn, warning for Ruby level)
-* marshal should not depend on sprintf (works bad with locale).
-* ternary arg pow: a.pow(b,c) == a**b%c
-* new caller(), e.g. call_stack; needs better name.
-* remove dependency on MAXPATHLEN.
-* pointer share mechanism similar to one in String for Array.
-* deprecate Array#indexes, and Array#indices.
-* require "1.6" etc. by /usr/lib/ruby/1.6/1.6.rb ;-)
-* save both "feature names" and "normalized path" in $"
-
-Extension Libraries
-
-* ptk.rb pTk wrapper that is compatible to tk.rb
-* Berkeley DB extension
-* BitVector
-* thread-safe fcgi
-
-Ruby Libraries
-
-- add uri.rb
-* urllib.rb, nttplib.rb, etc.
-* format like perl's
-
-Tools
-
-* freeze or undump to bundle everything
-* bundle using zlib
-
-Misc
-
-- publish Ruby books
-- publish Ruby books in English
diff --git a/install-sh b/aclocal.m4
index e69de29bb2..e69de29bb2 100644
--- a/install-sh
+++ b/aclocal.m4
diff --git a/addr2line.c b/addr2line.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5f25293e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/addr2line.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3085 @@
+/**********************************************************************
+
+  addr2line.c -
+
+  $Author$
+
+  Copyright (C) 2010 Shinichiro Hamaji
+
+**********************************************************************/
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wgnu-empty-initializer"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wgcc-compat"
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/defines.h"
+#include "ruby/missing.h"
+#include "addr2line.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBPROC_H
+#include <libproc.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+
+#if defined(USE_ELF) || defined(HAVE_MACH_O_LOADER_H)
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/* Make alloca work the best possible way.  */
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+# ifndef alloca
+#  define alloca __builtin_alloca
+# endif
+#else
+# ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
+#  include <alloca.h>
+# else
+#  ifdef _AIX
+#pragma alloca
+#  else
+#   ifndef alloca		/* predefined by HP cc +Olibcalls */
+void *alloca();
+#   endif
+#  endif /* AIX */
+# endif	/* HAVE_ALLOCA_H */
+#endif /* __GNUC__ */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_DLADDR
+# include <dlfcn.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_MACH_O_LOADER_H
+# include <crt_externs.h>
+# include <mach-o/fat.h>
+# include <mach-o/loader.h>
+# include <mach-o/nlist.h>
+# include <mach-o/stab.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_ELF
+# ifdef __OpenBSD__
+#  include <elf_abi.h>
+# else
+#  include <elf.h>
+# endif
+
+#ifndef ElfW
+# if SIZEOF_VOIDP == 8
+#  define ElfW(x) Elf64##_##x
+# else
+#  define ElfW(x) Elf32##_##x
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef ELF_ST_TYPE
+# if SIZEOF_VOIDP == 8
+#  define ELF_ST_TYPE ELF64_ST_TYPE
+# else
+#  define ELF_ST_TYPE ELF32_ST_TYPE
+# endif
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SHF_COMPRESSED
+# if defined(ELFCOMPRESS_ZLIB) && defined(HAVE_LIBZ)
+   /* FreeBSD 11.0 lacks ELFCOMPRESS_ZLIB */
+#  include <zlib.h>
+#  define SUPPORT_COMPRESSED_DEBUG_LINE
+# endif
+#else /* compatibility with glibc < 2.22 */
+# define SHF_COMPRESSED 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PATH_MAX
+#define PATH_MAX 4096
+#endif
+
+#define DW_LNS_copy                     0x01
+#define DW_LNS_advance_pc               0x02
+#define DW_LNS_advance_line             0x03
+#define DW_LNS_set_file                 0x04
+#define DW_LNS_set_column               0x05
+#define DW_LNS_negate_stmt              0x06
+#define DW_LNS_set_basic_block          0x07
+#define DW_LNS_const_add_pc             0x08
+#define DW_LNS_fixed_advance_pc         0x09
+#define DW_LNS_set_prologue_end         0x0a /* DWARF3 */
+#define DW_LNS_set_epilogue_begin       0x0b /* DWARF3 */
+#define DW_LNS_set_isa                  0x0c /* DWARF3 */
+
+/* Line number extended opcode name. */
+#define DW_LNE_end_sequence             0x01
+#define DW_LNE_set_address              0x02
+#define DW_LNE_define_file              0x03
+#define DW_LNE_set_discriminator        0x04  /* DWARF4 */
+
+PRINTF_ARGS(static int kprintf(const char *fmt, ...), 1, 2);
+
+typedef struct line_info {
+    const char *dirname;
+    const char *filename;
+    const char *path; /* object path */
+    int line;
+
+    uintptr_t base_addr;
+    uintptr_t saddr;
+    const char *sname; /* function name */
+
+    struct line_info *next;
+} line_info_t;
+
+struct dwarf_section {
+    char *ptr;
+    size_t size;
+    uint64_t flags;
+};
+
+typedef struct obj_info {
+    const char *path; /* object path */
+    char *mapped;
+    size_t mapped_size;
+    void *uncompressed;
+    uintptr_t base_addr;
+    uintptr_t vmaddr;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_abbrev;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_info;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_line;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_ranges;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_str_offsets;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_addr;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_rnglists;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_str;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_line_str;
+    struct obj_info *next;
+} obj_info_t;
+
+#define DWARF_SECTION_COUNT 9
+
+static struct dwarf_section *
+obj_dwarf_section_at(obj_info_t *obj, int n)
+{
+    struct dwarf_section *ary[] = {
+        &obj->debug_abbrev,
+        &obj->debug_info,
+        &obj->debug_line,
+        &obj->debug_ranges,
+        &obj->debug_str_offsets,
+        &obj->debug_addr,
+        &obj->debug_rnglists,
+        &obj->debug_str,
+        &obj->debug_line_str
+    };
+    if (n < 0 || DWARF_SECTION_COUNT <= n) {
+        abort();
+    }
+    return ary[n];
+}
+
+struct debug_section_definition {
+    const char *name;
+    struct dwarf_section *dwarf;
+};
+
+/* Avoid consuming stack as this module may be used from signal handler */
+static char binary_filename[PATH_MAX + 1];
+
+static unsigned long
+uleb128(const char **p)
+{
+    unsigned long r = 0;
+    int s = 0;
+    for (;;) {
+	unsigned char b = (unsigned char)*(*p)++;
+	if (b < 0x80) {
+	    r += (unsigned long)b << s;
+	    break;
+	}
+	r += (b & 0x7f) << s;
+	s += 7;
+    }
+    return r;
+}
+
+static long
+sleb128(const char **p)
+{
+    long r = 0;
+    int s = 0;
+    for (;;) {
+	unsigned char b = (unsigned char)*(*p)++;
+	if (b < 0x80) {
+	    if (b & 0x40) {
+		r -= (0x80 - b) << s;
+	    }
+	    else {
+		r += (b & 0x3f) << s;
+	    }
+	    break;
+	}
+	r += (b & 0x7f) << s;
+	s += 7;
+    }
+    return r;
+}
+
+static const char *
+get_nth_dirname(unsigned long dir, const char *p)
+{
+    if (!dir--) {
+	return "";
+    }
+    while (dir--) {
+	while (*p) p++;
+	p++;
+	if (!*p) {
+	    kprintf("Unexpected directory number %lu in %s\n",
+		    dir, binary_filename);
+	    return "";
+	}
+    }
+    return p;
+}
+
+static const char *parse_ver5_debug_line_header(const char *p, int idx, uint8_t format, obj_info_t *obj, const char **out_path, uint64_t *out_directory_index);
+
+static void
+fill_filename(int file, uint8_t format, uint16_t version, const char *include_directories, const char *filenames, line_info_t *line, obj_info_t *obj)
+{
+    int i;
+    const char *p = filenames;
+    const char *filename;
+    unsigned long dir;
+    if (version >= 5) {
+        const char *path;
+        uint64_t directory_index = -1;
+        parse_ver5_debug_line_header(filenames, file, format, obj, &path, &directory_index);
+        line->filename = path;
+        parse_ver5_debug_line_header(include_directories, (int)directory_index, format, obj, &path, NULL);
+        line->dirname = path;
+    }
+    else {
+        for (i = 1; i <= file; i++) {
+            filename = p;
+            if (!*p) {
+                /* Need to output binary file name? */
+                kprintf("Unexpected file number %d in %s at %tx\n",
+                        file, binary_filename, filenames - obj->mapped);
+                return;
+            }
+            while (*p) p++;
+            p++;
+            dir = uleb128(&p);
+            /* last modified. */
+            uleb128(&p);
+            /* size of the file. */
+            uleb128(&p);
+
+            if (i == file) {
+                line->filename = filename;
+                line->dirname = get_nth_dirname(dir, include_directories);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+fill_line(int num_traces, void **traces, uintptr_t addr, int file, int line,
+	  uint8_t format, uint16_t version, const char *include_directories, const char *filenames,
+	  obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+{
+    int i;
+    addr += obj->base_addr - obj->vmaddr;
+    for (i = offset; i < num_traces; i++) {
+	uintptr_t a = (uintptr_t)traces[i];
+	/* We assume one line code doesn't result >100 bytes of native code.
+       We may want more reliable way eventually... */
+	if (addr < a && a < addr + 100) {
+	    fill_filename(file, format, version, include_directories, filenames, &lines[i], obj);
+	    lines[i].line = line;
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+struct LineNumberProgramHeader {
+    uint64_t unit_length;
+    uint16_t version;
+    uint8_t format; /* 4 or 8 */
+    uint64_t header_length;
+    uint8_t minimum_instruction_length;
+    uint8_t maximum_operations_per_instruction;
+    uint8_t default_is_stmt;
+    int8_t line_base;
+    uint8_t line_range;
+    uint8_t opcode_base;
+    /* uint8_t standard_opcode_lengths[opcode_base-1]; */
+    const char *include_directories;
+    const char *filenames;
+    const char *cu_start;
+    const char *cu_end;
+};
+
+static int
+parse_debug_line_header(obj_info_t *obj, const char **pp, struct LineNumberProgramHeader *header)
+{
+    const char *p = *pp;
+    header->unit_length = *(uint32_t *)p;
+    p += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+    header->format = 4;
+    if (header->unit_length == 0xffffffff) {
+	header->unit_length = *(uint64_t *)p;
+	p += sizeof(uint64_t);
+        header->format = 8;
+    }
+
+    header->cu_end = p + header->unit_length;
+
+    header->version = *(uint16_t *)p;
+    p += sizeof(uint16_t);
+    if (header->version > 5) return -1;
+
+    if (header->version >= 5) {
+        /* address_size = *(uint8_t *)p++; */
+        /* segment_selector_size = *(uint8_t *)p++; */
+        p += 2;
+    }
+
+    header->header_length = header->format == 4 ? *(uint32_t *)p : *(uint64_t *)p;
+    p += header->format;
+    header->cu_start = p + header->header_length;
+
+    header->minimum_instruction_length = *(uint8_t *)p++;
+
+    if (header->version >= 4) {
+        /* maximum_operations_per_instruction = *(uint8_t *)p; */
+        if (*p != 1) return -1; /* For non-VLIW architectures, this field is 1 */
+        p++;
+    }
+
+    header->default_is_stmt = *(uint8_t *)p++;
+    header->line_base = *(int8_t *)p++;
+    header->line_range = *(uint8_t *)p++;
+    header->opcode_base = *(uint8_t *)p++;
+    /* header->standard_opcode_lengths = (uint8_t *)p - 1; */
+    p += header->opcode_base - 1;
+
+    if (header->version >= 5) {
+        header->include_directories = p;
+        p = parse_ver5_debug_line_header(p, -1, header->format, obj, NULL, NULL);
+        header->filenames = p;
+    }
+    else {
+        header->include_directories = p;
+
+        /* temporary measure for compress-debug-sections */
+        if (p >= header->cu_end) return -1;
+
+        /* skip include directories */
+        while (*p) {
+            p = memchr(p, '\0', header->cu_end - p);
+            if (!p) return -1;
+            p++;
+        }
+        p++;
+
+        header->filenames = p;
+    }
+
+    *pp = header->cu_start;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+parse_debug_line_cu(int num_traces, void **traces, const char **debug_line,
+		obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+{
+    const char *p = (const char *)*debug_line;
+    struct LineNumberProgramHeader header;
+
+    /* The registers. */
+    unsigned long addr = 0;
+    unsigned int file = 1;
+    unsigned int line = 1;
+    /* unsigned int column = 0; */
+    int is_stmt;
+    /* int basic_block = 0; */
+    /* int end_sequence = 0; */
+    /* int prologue_end = 0; */
+    /* int epilogue_begin = 0; */
+    /* unsigned int isa = 0; */
+
+    if (parse_debug_line_header(obj, &p, &header))
+        return -1;
+    is_stmt = header.default_is_stmt;
+
+#define FILL_LINE()						    \
+    do {							    \
+	fill_line(num_traces, traces, addr, file, line,		    \
+                  header.format,                                    \
+                  header.version,                                   \
+                  header.include_directories,                       \
+                  header.filenames,                                 \
+		  obj, lines, offset);				    \
+	/*basic_block = prologue_end = epilogue_begin = 0;*/	    \
+    } while (0)
+
+    while (p < header.cu_end) {
+	unsigned long a;
+	unsigned char op = *p++;
+	switch (op) {
+	case DW_LNS_copy:
+	    FILL_LINE();
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_advance_pc:
+	    a = uleb128(&p) * header.minimum_instruction_length;
+	    addr += a;
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_advance_line: {
+	    long a = sleb128(&p);
+	    line += a;
+	    break;
+	}
+	case DW_LNS_set_file:
+	    file = (unsigned int)uleb128(&p);
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_set_column:
+	    /*column = (unsigned int)*/(void)uleb128(&p);
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_negate_stmt:
+	    is_stmt = !is_stmt;
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_set_basic_block:
+	    /*basic_block = 1; */
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_const_add_pc:
+	    a = ((255UL - header.opcode_base) / header.line_range) *
+		header.minimum_instruction_length;
+	    addr += a;
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_fixed_advance_pc:
+	    a = *(uint16_t *)p;
+	    p += sizeof(uint16_t);
+	    addr += a;
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_set_prologue_end:
+	    /* prologue_end = 1; */
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_set_epilogue_begin:
+	    /* epilogue_begin = 1; */
+	    break;
+	case DW_LNS_set_isa:
+	    /* isa = (unsigned int)*/(void)uleb128(&p);
+	    break;
+	case 0:
+	    a = uleb128(&p);
+	    op = *p++;
+	    switch (op) {
+	    case DW_LNE_end_sequence:
+		/* end_sequence = 1; */
+		FILL_LINE();
+		addr = 0;
+		file = 1;
+		line = 1;
+		/* column = 0; */
+		is_stmt = header.default_is_stmt;
+		/* end_sequence = 0; */
+		/* isa = 0; */
+		break;
+	    case DW_LNE_set_address:
+		addr = *(unsigned long *)p;
+		p += sizeof(unsigned long);
+		break;
+	    case DW_LNE_define_file:
+		kprintf("Unsupported operation in %s\n",
+			binary_filename);
+		break;
+	    case DW_LNE_set_discriminator:
+		/* TODO:currently ignore */
+		uleb128(&p);
+		break;
+	    default:
+		kprintf("Unknown extended opcode: %d in %s\n",
+			op, binary_filename);
+	    }
+	    break;
+	default: {
+            uint8_t adjusted_opcode = op - header.opcode_base;
+            uint8_t operation_advance = adjusted_opcode / header.line_range;
+            /* NOTE: this code doesn't support VLIW */
+            addr += operation_advance * header.minimum_instruction_length;
+            line += header.line_base + (adjusted_opcode % header.line_range);
+	    FILL_LINE();
+	}
+	}
+    }
+    *debug_line = (char *)p;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+parse_debug_line(int num_traces, void **traces,
+		 const char *debug_line, unsigned long size,
+		 obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+{
+    const char *debug_line_end = debug_line + size;
+    while (debug_line < debug_line_end) {
+	if (parse_debug_line_cu(num_traces, traces, &debug_line, obj, lines, offset))
+	    return -1;
+    }
+    if (debug_line != debug_line_end) {
+	kprintf("Unexpected size of .debug_line in %s\n",
+		binary_filename);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* read file and fill lines */
+static uintptr_t
+fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
+	   obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset);
+
+static void
+append_obj(obj_info_t **objp)
+{
+    obj_info_t *newobj = calloc(1, sizeof(obj_info_t));
+    if (*objp) (*objp)->next = newobj;
+    *objp = newobj;
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_ELF
+/* Ideally we should check 4 paths to follow gnu_debuglink:
+ *
+ *   - /usr/lib/debug/.build-id/ab/cdef1234.debug
+ *   - /usr/bin/ruby.debug
+ *   - /usr/bin/.debug/ruby.debug
+ *   - /usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/ruby.debug.
+ *
+ * but we handle only two cases for now as the two formats are
+ * used by some linux distributions.
+ *
+ * See GDB's info for detail.
+ * https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Separate-Debug-Files.html
+ */
+
+// check the path pattern of "/usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/ruby.debug"
+static void
+follow_debuglink(const char *debuglink, int num_traces, void **traces,
+		 obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+{
+    static const char global_debug_dir[] = "/usr/lib/debug";
+    const size_t global_debug_dir_len = sizeof(global_debug_dir) - 1;
+    char *p;
+    obj_info_t *o1 = *objp, *o2;
+    size_t len;
+
+    p = strrchr(binary_filename, '/');
+    if (!p) {
+	return;
+    }
+    p[1] = '\0';
+
+    len = strlen(binary_filename);
+    if (len >= PATH_MAX - global_debug_dir_len)
+	len = PATH_MAX - global_debug_dir_len - 1;
+    memmove(binary_filename + global_debug_dir_len, binary_filename, len);
+    memcpy(binary_filename, global_debug_dir, global_debug_dir_len);
+    len += global_debug_dir_len;
+    strlcpy(binary_filename + len, debuglink, PATH_MAX - len);
+
+    append_obj(objp);
+    o2 = *objp;
+    o2->base_addr = o1->base_addr;
+    o2->path = o1->path;
+    fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 0, objp, lines, offset);
+}
+
+// check the path pattern of "/usr/lib/debug/.build-id/ab/cdef1234.debug"
+static void
+follow_debuglink_build_id(const char *build_id, size_t build_id_size, int num_traces, void **traces,
+                          obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+{
+    static const char global_debug_dir[] = "/usr/lib/debug/.build-id/";
+    const size_t global_debug_dir_len = sizeof(global_debug_dir) - 1;
+    char *p;
+    obj_info_t *o1 = *objp, *o2;
+    size_t i;
+
+    if (PATH_MAX < global_debug_dir_len + 1 + build_id_size * 2 + 6) return;
+
+    memcpy(binary_filename, global_debug_dir, global_debug_dir_len);
+    p = binary_filename + global_debug_dir_len;
+    for (i = 0; i < build_id_size; i++) {
+        static const char tbl[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+        unsigned char n = build_id[i];
+        *p++ = tbl[n / 16];
+        *p++ = tbl[n % 16];
+        if (i == 0) *p++ = '/';
+    }
+    strcpy(p, ".debug");
+
+    append_obj(objp);
+    o2 = *objp;
+    o2->base_addr = o1->base_addr;
+    o2->path = o1->path;
+    fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 0, objp, lines, offset);
+}
+#endif
+
+enum
+{
+    DW_TAG_compile_unit = 0x11,
+    DW_TAG_inlined_subroutine = 0x1d,
+    DW_TAG_subprogram = 0x2e,
+};
+
+/* Attributes encodings */
+enum
+{
+    DW_AT_sibling = 0x01,
+    DW_AT_location = 0x02,
+    DW_AT_name = 0x03,
+    /* Reserved 0x04 */
+    /* Reserved 0x05 */
+    /* Reserved 0x06 */
+    /* Reserved 0x07 */
+    /* Reserved 0x08 */
+    DW_AT_ordering = 0x09,
+    /* Reserved 0x0a */
+    DW_AT_byte_size = 0x0b,
+    /* Reserved 0x0c */
+    DW_AT_bit_size = 0x0d,
+    /* Reserved 0x0e */
+    /* Reserved 0x0f */
+    DW_AT_stmt_list = 0x10,
+    DW_AT_low_pc = 0x11,
+    DW_AT_high_pc = 0x12,
+    DW_AT_language = 0x13,
+    /* Reserved 0x14 */
+    DW_AT_discr = 0x15,
+    DW_AT_discr_value = 0x16,
+    DW_AT_visibility = 0x17,
+    DW_AT_import = 0x18,
+    DW_AT_string_length = 0x19,
+    DW_AT_common_reference = 0x1a,
+    DW_AT_comp_dir = 0x1b,
+    DW_AT_const_value = 0x1c,
+    DW_AT_containing_type = 0x1d,
+    DW_AT_default_value = 0x1e,
+    /* Reserved 0x1f */
+    DW_AT_inline = 0x20,
+    DW_AT_is_optional = 0x21,
+    DW_AT_lower_bound = 0x22,
+    /* Reserved 0x23 */
+    /* Reserved 0x24 */
+    DW_AT_producer = 0x25,
+    /* Reserved 0x26 */
+    DW_AT_prototyped = 0x27,
+    /* Reserved 0x28 */
+    /* Reserved 0x29 */
+    DW_AT_return_addr = 0x2a,
+    /* Reserved 0x2b */
+    DW_AT_start_scope = 0x2c,
+    /* Reserved 0x2d */
+    DW_AT_bit_stride = 0x2e,
+    DW_AT_upper_bound = 0x2f,
+    /* Reserved 0x30 */
+    DW_AT_abstract_origin = 0x31,
+    DW_AT_accessibility = 0x32,
+    DW_AT_address_class = 0x33,
+    DW_AT_artificial = 0x34,
+    DW_AT_base_types = 0x35,
+    DW_AT_calling_convention = 0x36,
+    DW_AT_count = 0x37,
+    DW_AT_data_member_location = 0x38,
+    DW_AT_decl_column = 0x39,
+    DW_AT_decl_file = 0x3a,
+    DW_AT_decl_line = 0x3b,
+    DW_AT_declaration = 0x3c,
+    DW_AT_discr_list = 0x3d,
+    DW_AT_encoding = 0x3e,
+    DW_AT_external = 0x3f,
+    DW_AT_frame_base = 0x40,
+    DW_AT_friend = 0x41,
+    DW_AT_identifier_case = 0x42,
+    /* Reserved 0x43 */
+    DW_AT_namelist_item = 0x44,
+    DW_AT_priority = 0x45,
+    DW_AT_segment = 0x46,
+    DW_AT_specification = 0x47,
+    DW_AT_static_link = 0x48,
+    DW_AT_type = 0x49,
+    DW_AT_use_location = 0x4a,
+    DW_AT_variable_parameter = 0x4b,
+    DW_AT_virtuality = 0x4c,
+    DW_AT_vtable_elem_location = 0x4d,
+    DW_AT_allocated = 0x4e,
+    DW_AT_associated = 0x4f,
+    DW_AT_data_location = 0x50,
+    DW_AT_byte_stride = 0x51,
+    DW_AT_entry_pc = 0x52,
+    DW_AT_use_UTF8 = 0x53,
+    DW_AT_extension = 0x54,
+    DW_AT_ranges = 0x55,
+    DW_AT_trampoline = 0x56,
+    DW_AT_call_column = 0x57,
+    DW_AT_call_file = 0x58,
+    DW_AT_call_line = 0x59,
+    DW_AT_description = 0x5a,
+    DW_AT_binary_scale = 0x5b,
+    DW_AT_decimal_scale = 0x5c,
+    DW_AT_small = 0x5d,
+    DW_AT_decimal_sign = 0x5e,
+    DW_AT_digit_count = 0x5f,
+    DW_AT_picture_string = 0x60,
+    DW_AT_mutable = 0x61,
+    DW_AT_threads_scaled = 0x62,
+    DW_AT_explicit = 0x63,
+    DW_AT_object_pointer = 0x64,
+    DW_AT_endianity = 0x65,
+    DW_AT_elemental = 0x66,
+    DW_AT_pure = 0x67,
+    DW_AT_recursive = 0x68,
+    DW_AT_signature = 0x69,
+    DW_AT_main_subprogram = 0x6a,
+    DW_AT_data_bit_offset = 0x6b,
+    DW_AT_const_expr = 0x6c,
+    DW_AT_enum_class = 0x6d,
+    DW_AT_linkage_name = 0x6e,
+    DW_AT_string_length_bit_size = 0x6f,
+    DW_AT_string_length_byte_size = 0x70,
+    DW_AT_rank = 0x71,
+    DW_AT_str_offsets_base = 0x72,
+    DW_AT_addr_base = 0x73,
+    DW_AT_rnglists_base = 0x74,
+    /* Reserved 0x75 */
+    DW_AT_dwo_name = 0x76,
+    DW_AT_reference = 0x77,
+    DW_AT_rvalue_reference = 0x78,
+    DW_AT_macros = 0x79,
+    DW_AT_call_all_calls = 0x7a,
+    DW_AT_call_all_source_calls = 0x7b,
+    DW_AT_call_all_tail_calls = 0x7c,
+    DW_AT_call_return_pc = 0x7d,
+    DW_AT_call_value = 0x7e,
+    DW_AT_call_origin = 0x7f,
+    DW_AT_call_parameter = 0x80,
+    DW_AT_call_pc = 0x81,
+    DW_AT_call_tail_call = 0x82,
+    DW_AT_call_target = 0x83,
+    DW_AT_call_target_clobbered = 0x84,
+    DW_AT_call_data_location = 0x85,
+    DW_AT_call_data_value = 0x86,
+    DW_AT_noreturn = 0x87,
+    DW_AT_alignment = 0x88,
+    DW_AT_export_symbols = 0x89,
+    DW_AT_deleted = 0x8a,
+    DW_AT_defaulted = 0x8b,
+    DW_AT_loclists_base = 0x8c,
+    DW_AT_lo_user = 0x2000,
+    DW_AT_hi_user = 0x3fff
+};
+
+/* Attribute form encodings */
+enum
+{
+    DW_FORM_addr = 0x01,
+    /* Reserved 0x02 */
+    DW_FORM_block2 = 0x03,
+    DW_FORM_block4 = 0x04,
+    DW_FORM_data2 = 0x05,
+    DW_FORM_data4 = 0x06,
+    DW_FORM_data8 = 0x07,
+    DW_FORM_string = 0x08,
+    DW_FORM_block = 0x09,
+    DW_FORM_block1 = 0x0a,
+    DW_FORM_data1 = 0x0b,
+    DW_FORM_flag = 0x0c,
+    DW_FORM_sdata = 0x0d,
+    DW_FORM_strp = 0x0e,
+    DW_FORM_udata = 0x0f,
+    DW_FORM_ref_addr = 0x10,
+    DW_FORM_ref1 = 0x11,
+    DW_FORM_ref2 = 0x12,
+    DW_FORM_ref4 = 0x13,
+    DW_FORM_ref8 = 0x14,
+    DW_FORM_ref_udata = 0x15,
+    DW_FORM_indirect = 0x16,
+    DW_FORM_sec_offset = 0x17,
+    DW_FORM_exprloc = 0x18,
+    DW_FORM_flag_present = 0x19,
+    DW_FORM_strx = 0x1a,
+    DW_FORM_addrx = 0x1b,
+    DW_FORM_ref_sup4 = 0x1c,
+    DW_FORM_strp_sup = 0x1d,
+    DW_FORM_data16 = 0x1e,
+    DW_FORM_line_strp = 0x1f,
+    DW_FORM_ref_sig8 = 0x20,
+    DW_FORM_implicit_const = 0x21,
+    DW_FORM_loclistx = 0x22,
+    DW_FORM_rnglistx = 0x23,
+    DW_FORM_ref_sup8 = 0x24,
+    DW_FORM_strx1 = 0x25,
+    DW_FORM_strx2 = 0x26,
+    DW_FORM_strx3 = 0x27,
+    DW_FORM_strx4 = 0x28,
+    DW_FORM_addrx1 = 0x29,
+    DW_FORM_addrx2 = 0x2a,
+    DW_FORM_addrx3 = 0x2b,
+    DW_FORM_addrx4 = 0x2c
+};
+
+/* Range list entry encodings */
+enum {
+    DW_RLE_end_of_list = 0x00,
+    DW_RLE_base_addressx = 0x01,
+    DW_RLE_startx_endx = 0x02,
+    DW_RLE_startx_length = 0x03,
+    DW_RLE_offset_pair = 0x04,
+    DW_RLE_base_address = 0x05,
+    DW_RLE_start_end = 0x06,
+    DW_RLE_start_length = 0x07
+};
+
+enum {
+    VAL_none = 0,
+    VAL_cstr = 1,
+    VAL_data = 2,
+    VAL_uint = 3,
+    VAL_int = 4,
+    VAL_addr = 5
+};
+
+# define ABBREV_TABLE_SIZE 256
+typedef struct {
+    obj_info_t *obj;
+    const char *file;
+    uint8_t current_version;
+    const char *current_cu;
+    uint64_t current_low_pc;
+    uint64_t current_str_offsets_base;
+    uint64_t current_addr_base;
+    uint64_t current_rnglists_base;
+    const char *debug_line_cu_end;
+    uint8_t debug_line_format;
+    uint16_t debug_line_version;
+    const char *debug_line_files;
+    const char *debug_line_directories;
+    const char *p;
+    const char *cu_end;
+    const char *pend;
+    const char *q0;
+    const char *q;
+    int format; // 4 or 8
+    uint8_t address_size;
+    int level;
+    const char *abbrev_table[ABBREV_TABLE_SIZE];
+} DebugInfoReader;
+
+typedef struct {
+    ptrdiff_t pos;
+    int tag;
+    int has_children;
+} DIE;
+
+typedef struct {
+    union {
+        const char *ptr;
+        uint64_t uint64;
+        int64_t int64;
+        uint64_t addr_idx;
+    } as;
+    uint64_t off;
+    uint64_t at;
+    uint64_t form;
+    size_t size;
+    int type;
+} DebugInfoValue;
+
+#if defined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
+#define MERGE_2INTS(a,b,sz) (((uint64_t)(a)<<sz)|(b))
+#else
+#define MERGE_2INTS(a,b,sz) (((uint64_t)(b)<<sz)|(a))
+#endif
+
+static uint16_t
+get_uint16(const uint8_t *p)
+{
+    return (uint16_t)MERGE_2INTS(p[0],p[1],8);
+}
+
+static uint32_t
+get_uint32(const uint8_t *p)
+{
+    return (uint32_t)MERGE_2INTS(get_uint16(p),get_uint16(p+2),16);
+}
+
+static uint64_t
+get_uint64(const uint8_t *p)
+{
+    return MERGE_2INTS(get_uint32(p),get_uint32(p+4),32);
+}
+
+static uint8_t
+read_uint8(const char **ptr)
+{
+    const char *p = *ptr;
+    *ptr = (p + 1);
+    return (uint8_t)*p;
+}
+
+static uint16_t
+read_uint16(const char **ptr)
+{
+    const char *p = *ptr;
+    *ptr = (p + 2);
+    return get_uint16((const uint8_t *)p);
+}
+
+static uint32_t
+read_uint24(const char **ptr)
+{
+    const char *p = *ptr;
+    *ptr = (p + 3);
+    return ((uint8_t)*p << 16) | get_uint16((const uint8_t *)p+1);
+}
+
+static uint32_t
+read_uint32(const char **ptr)
+{
+    const char *p = *ptr;
+    *ptr = (p + 4);
+    return get_uint32((const uint8_t *)p);
+}
+
+static uint64_t
+read_uint64(const char **ptr)
+{
+    const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)*ptr;
+    *ptr = (char *)(p + 8);
+    return get_uint64(p);
+}
+
+static uintptr_t
+read_uintptr(const char **ptr)
+{
+    const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)*ptr;
+    *ptr = (char *)(p + SIZEOF_VOIDP);
+#if SIZEOF_VOIDP == 8
+    return get_uint64(p);
+#else
+    return get_uint32(p);
+#endif
+}
+
+static uint64_t
+read_uint(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+{
+    if (reader->format == 4) {
+        return read_uint32(&reader->p);
+    } else { /* 64 bit */
+        return read_uint64(&reader->p);
+    }
+}
+
+static uint64_t
+read_uleb128(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+{
+    return uleb128(&reader->p);
+}
+
+static int64_t
+read_sleb128(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+{
+    return sleb128(&reader->p);
+}
+
+static void
+debug_info_reader_init(DebugInfoReader *reader, obj_info_t *obj)
+{
+    reader->file = obj->mapped;
+    reader->obj = obj;
+    reader->p = obj->debug_info.ptr;
+    reader->pend = obj->debug_info.ptr + obj->debug_info.size;
+    reader->debug_line_cu_end = obj->debug_line.ptr;
+    reader->current_low_pc = 0;
+    reader->current_str_offsets_base = 0;
+    reader->current_addr_base = 0;
+    reader->current_rnglists_base = 0;
+}
+
+static void
+di_skip_die_attributes(const char **p)
+{
+    for (;;) {
+        uint64_t at = uleb128(p);
+        uint64_t form = uleb128(p);
+        if (!at && !form) break;
+        switch (form) {
+          default:
+            break;
+          case DW_FORM_implicit_const:
+            sleb128(p);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+di_read_debug_abbrev_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+{
+    uint64_t prev = 0;
+    const char *p = reader->q0;
+    for (;;) {
+        uint64_t abbrev_number = uleb128(&p);
+        if (abbrev_number <= prev) break;
+        if (abbrev_number < ABBREV_TABLE_SIZE) {
+            reader->abbrev_table[abbrev_number] = p;
+        }
+        prev = abbrev_number;
+        uleb128(&p); /* tag */
+        p++; /* has_children */
+        di_skip_die_attributes(&p);
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+di_read_debug_line_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+{
+    const char *p;
+    struct LineNumberProgramHeader header;
+
+    p = (const char *)reader->debug_line_cu_end;
+    if (parse_debug_line_header(reader->obj, &p, &header))
+        return -1;
+
+    reader->debug_line_cu_end = (char *)header.cu_end;
+    reader->debug_line_format = header.format;
+    reader->debug_line_version = header.version;
+    reader->debug_line_directories = (char *)header.include_directories;
+    reader->debug_line_files = (char *)header.filenames;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+set_addr_idx_value(DebugInfoValue *v, uint64_t n)
+{
+    v->as.addr_idx = n;
+    v->type = VAL_addr;
+}
+
+static void
+set_uint_value(DebugInfoValue *v, uint64_t n)
+{
+    v->as.uint64 = n;
+    v->type = VAL_uint;
+}
+
+static void
+set_int_value(DebugInfoValue *v, int64_t n)
+{
+    v->as.int64 = n;
+    v->type = VAL_int;
+}
+
+static void
+set_cstr_value(DebugInfoValue *v, const char *s)
+{
+    v->as.ptr = s;
+    v->off = 0;
+    v->type = VAL_cstr;
+}
+
+static void
+set_cstrp_value(DebugInfoValue *v, const char *s, uint64_t off)
+{
+    v->as.ptr = s;
+    v->off = off;
+    v->type = VAL_cstr;
+}
+
+static void
+set_data_value(DebugInfoValue *v, const char *s)
+{
+    v->as.ptr = s;
+    v->type = VAL_data;
+}
+
+static const char *
+get_cstr_value(DebugInfoValue *v)
+{
+    if (v->as.ptr) {
+        return v->as.ptr + v->off;
+    } else {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+static const char *
+resolve_strx(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t idx)
+{
+    const char *p = reader->obj->debug_str_offsets.ptr + reader->current_str_offsets_base;
+    uint64_t off;
+    if (reader->format == 4) {
+        off = ((uint32_t *)p)[idx];
+    }
+    else {
+        off = ((uint64_t *)p)[idx];
+    }
+    return reader->obj->debug_str.ptr + off;
+}
+
+static void
+debug_info_reader_read_addr_value(DebugInfoReader *reader, DebugInfoValue *v)
+{
+    if (reader->address_size == 4) {
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+    } else if (reader->address_size == 8) {
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
+    } else {
+        fprintf(stderr,"unknown address_size:%d", reader->address_size);
+        abort();
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+debug_info_reader_read_value(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, DebugInfoValue *v)
+{
+    switch (form) {
+      case DW_FORM_addr:
+        debug_info_reader_read_addr_value(reader, v);
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_block2:
+        v->size = read_uint16(&reader->p);
+        set_data_value(v, reader->p);
+        reader->p += v->size;
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_block4:
+        v->size = read_uint32(&reader->p);
+        set_data_value(v, reader->p);
+        reader->p += v->size;
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_data2:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint16(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_data4:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_data8:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_string:
+        v->size = strlen(reader->p);
+        set_cstr_value(v, reader->p);
+        reader->p += v->size + 1;
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_block:
+        v->size = uleb128(&reader->p);
+        set_data_value(v, reader->p);
+        reader->p += v->size;
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_block1:
+        v->size = read_uint8(&reader->p);
+        set_data_value(v, reader->p);
+        reader->p += v->size;
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_data1:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint8(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_flag:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint8(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_sdata:
+        set_int_value(v, read_sleb128(reader));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_strp:
+        set_cstrp_value(v, reader->obj->debug_str.ptr, read_uint(reader));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_udata:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uleb128(reader));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref_addr:
+        if (reader->current_version <= 2) {
+            // DWARF Version 2 specifies that references have
+            // the same size as an address on the target system
+            debug_info_reader_read_addr_value(reader, v);
+        } else {
+            if (reader->format == 4) {
+                set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+            } else if (reader->format == 8) {
+                set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
+            } else {
+                fprintf(stderr,"unknown format:%d", reader->format);
+                abort();
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref1:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint8(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref2:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint16(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref4:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref8:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref_udata:
+        set_uint_value(v, uleb128(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_indirect:
+        /* TODO: read the referred value */
+        set_uint_value(v, uleb128(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_sec_offset:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint(reader)); /* offset */
+        /* addrptr: debug_addr */
+        /* lineptr: debug_line */
+        /* loclist: debug_loclists */
+        /* loclistptr: debug_loclists */
+        /* macptr: debug_macro */
+        /* rnglist: debug_rnglists */
+        /* rnglistptr: debug_rnglists */
+        /* stroffsetsptr: debug_str_offsets */
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_exprloc:
+        v->size = (size_t)read_uleb128(reader);
+        set_data_value(v, reader->p);
+        reader->p += v->size;
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_flag_present:
+        set_uint_value(v, 1);
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_strx:
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, uleb128(&reader->p)));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_addrx:
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, uleb128(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref_sup4:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_strp_sup:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint(reader));
+        /* *p = reader->sup_file + reader->sup_str->sh_offset + ret; */
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_data16:
+        v->size = 16;
+        set_data_value(v, reader->p);
+        reader->p += v->size;
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_line_strp:
+        set_cstrp_value(v, reader->obj->debug_line_str.ptr, read_uint(reader));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref_sig8:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_implicit_const:
+        set_int_value(v, sleb128(&reader->q));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_loclistx:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uleb128(reader));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_rnglistx:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uleb128(reader));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref_sup8:
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_strx1:
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, read_uint8(&reader->p)));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_strx2:
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, read_uint16(&reader->p)));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_strx3:
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, read_uint24(&reader->p)));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_strx4:
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, read_uint32(&reader->p)));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_addrx1:
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, read_uint8(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_addrx2:
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, read_uint16(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_addrx3:
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, read_uint24(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_addrx4:
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      case 0:
+        goto fail;
+        break;
+    }
+    return;
+
+  fail:
+    fprintf(stderr, "%d: unsupported form: %#"PRIx64"\n", __LINE__, form);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+/* find abbrev in current compilation unit */
+static const char *
+di_find_abbrev(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t abbrev_number)
+{
+    const char *p;
+    if (abbrev_number < ABBREV_TABLE_SIZE) {
+        return reader->abbrev_table[abbrev_number];
+    }
+    p = reader->abbrev_table[ABBREV_TABLE_SIZE-1];
+    /* skip 255th record */
+    uleb128(&p); /* tag */
+    p++; /* has_children */
+    di_skip_die_attributes(&p);
+    for (uint64_t n = uleb128(&p); abbrev_number != n; n = uleb128(&p)) {
+        if (n == 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr,"%d: Abbrev Number %"PRId64" not found\n",__LINE__, abbrev_number);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        uleb128(&p); /* tag */
+        p++; /* has_children */
+        di_skip_die_attributes(&p);
+    }
+    return p;
+}
+
+#if 0
+static void
+hexdump0(const unsigned char *p, size_t n)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    fprintf(stderr, "     0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F\n");
+    for (i=0; i < n; i++){
+        switch (i & 15) {
+          case 0:
+            fprintf(stderr, "%02" PRIdSIZE ": %02X ", i/16, p[i]);
+            break;
+          case 15:
+            fprintf(stderr, "%02X\n", p[i]);
+            break;
+          default:
+            fprintf(stderr, "%02X ", p[i]);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if ((i & 15) != 15) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    }
+}
+#define hexdump(p,n) hexdump0((const unsigned char *)p, n)
+
+static void
+div_inspect(DebugInfoValue *v)
+{
+    switch (v->type) {
+      case VAL_uint:
+        fprintf(stderr,"%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:%"PRIx64"\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,v->as.uint64);
+        break;
+      case VAL_int:
+        fprintf(stderr,"%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:%"PRId64"\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,(int64_t)v->as.uint64);
+        break;
+      case VAL_cstr:
+        fprintf(stderr,"%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:'%s'\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,v->as.ptr);
+        break;
+      case VAL_data:
+        fprintf(stderr,"%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size);
+        hexdump(v->as.ptr, 16);
+        break;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+static DIE *
+di_read_die(DebugInfoReader *reader, DIE *die)
+{
+    uint64_t abbrev_number = uleb128(&reader->p);
+    if (abbrev_number == 0) {
+        reader->level--;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    reader->q = di_find_abbrev(reader, abbrev_number);
+
+    die->pos = reader->p - reader->obj->debug_info.ptr - 1;
+    die->tag = (int)uleb128(&reader->q); /* tag */
+    die->has_children = *reader->q++; /* has_children */
+    if (die->has_children) {
+        reader->level++;
+    }
+    return die;
+}
+
+static DebugInfoValue *
+di_read_record(DebugInfoReader *reader, DebugInfoValue *vp)
+{
+    uint64_t at = uleb128(&reader->q);
+    uint64_t form = uleb128(&reader->q);
+    if (!at || !form) return NULL;
+    vp->at = at;
+    vp->form = form;
+    debug_info_reader_read_value(reader, form, vp);
+    return vp;
+}
+
+static void
+di_skip_records(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+{
+    for (;;) {
+        DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
+        uint64_t at = uleb128(&reader->q);
+        uint64_t form = uleb128(&reader->q);
+        if (!at || !form) return;
+        debug_info_reader_read_value(reader, form, &v);
+    }
+}
+
+typedef struct addr_header {
+    const char *ptr;
+    uint64_t unit_length;
+    uint8_t format;
+    uint8_t address_size;
+    /* uint8_t segment_selector_size; */
+} addr_header_t;
+
+static void
+addr_header_init(obj_info_t *obj, addr_header_t *header) {
+    const char *p = obj->debug_addr.ptr;
+
+    header->ptr = p;
+
+    if (!p) return;
+
+    header->unit_length = *(uint32_t *)p;
+    p += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+    header->format = 4;
+    if (header->unit_length == 0xffffffff) {
+        header->unit_length = *(uint64_t *)p;
+        p += sizeof(uint64_t);
+        header->format = 8;
+    }
+
+    p += 2; /* version */
+    header->address_size = *p++;
+    p++; /* segment_selector_size */
+}
+
+static uint64_t
+read_addr(addr_header_t *header, uint64_t addr_base, uint64_t idx) {
+    if (header->address_size == 4) {
+        return ((uint32_t*)(header->ptr + addr_base))[idx];
+    }
+    else {
+        return ((uint64_t*)(header->ptr + addr_base))[idx];
+    }
+}
+
+typedef struct rnglists_header {
+    uint64_t unit_length;
+    uint8_t format;
+    uint8_t address_size;
+    uint32_t offset_entry_count;
+} rnglists_header_t;
+
+static void
+rnglists_header_init(obj_info_t *obj, rnglists_header_t *header) {
+    const char *p = obj->debug_rnglists.ptr;
+
+    if (!p) return;
+
+    header->unit_length = *(uint32_t *)p;
+    p += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+    header->format = 4;
+    if (header->unit_length == 0xffffffff) {
+        header->unit_length = *(uint64_t *)p;
+        p += sizeof(uint64_t);
+        header->format = 8;
+    }
+
+    p += 2; /* version */
+    header->address_size = *p++;
+    p++; /* segment_selector_size */
+    header->offset_entry_count = *(uint32_t *)p;
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+    uint64_t low_pc;
+    uint64_t high_pc;
+    uint64_t ranges;
+    bool low_pc_set;
+    bool high_pc_set;
+    bool ranges_set;
+} ranges_t;
+
+static void
+ranges_set(ranges_t *ptr, DebugInfoValue *v, addr_header_t *addr_header, uint64_t addr_base)
+{
+    uint64_t n = 0;
+    if (v->type == VAL_uint) {
+        n = v->as.uint64;
+    }
+    else if (v->type == VAL_addr) {
+        n = read_addr(addr_header, addr_base, v->as.addr_idx);
+    }
+    switch (v->at) {
+      case DW_AT_low_pc:
+        ptr->low_pc = n;
+        ptr->low_pc_set = true;
+        break;
+      case DW_AT_high_pc:
+        if (v->form == DW_FORM_addr) {
+            ptr->high_pc = n;
+        }
+        else {
+            ptr->high_pc = ptr->low_pc + n;
+        }
+        ptr->high_pc_set = true;
+        break;
+      case DW_AT_ranges:
+        ptr->ranges = n;
+        ptr->ranges_set = true;
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static uint64_t
+read_dw_form_addr(DebugInfoReader *reader, const char **ptr)
+{
+    const char *p = *ptr;
+    *ptr = p + reader->address_size;
+    if (reader->address_size == 4) {
+        return read_uint32(&p);
+    } else if (reader->address_size == 8) {
+        return read_uint64(&p);
+    } else {
+        fprintf(stderr,"unknown address_size:%d", reader->address_size);
+        abort();
+    }
+}
+
+static uintptr_t
+ranges_include(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr, uint64_t addr, rnglists_header_t *rnglists_header)
+{
+    if (ptr->high_pc_set) {
+        if (ptr->ranges_set || !ptr->low_pc_set) {
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        if (ptr->low_pc <= addr && addr <= ptr->high_pc) {
+            return (uintptr_t)ptr->low_pc;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (ptr->ranges_set) {
+        /* TODO: support base address selection entry */
+        const char *p;
+        uint64_t base = ptr->low_pc_set ? ptr->low_pc : reader->current_low_pc;
+        bool base_valid = true;
+        if (reader->current_version >= 5) {
+            if (rnglists_header->offset_entry_count == 0) {
+                // DW_FORM_sec_offset
+                p = reader->obj->debug_rnglists.ptr + ptr->ranges + reader->current_rnglists_base;
+            }
+            else {
+                // DW_FORM_rnglistx
+                const char *offset_array = reader->obj->debug_rnglists.ptr + reader->current_rnglists_base;
+                if (rnglists_header->format == 4) {
+                    p = offset_array + ((uint32_t *)offset_array)[ptr->ranges];
+                }
+                else {
+                    p = offset_array + ((uint64_t *)offset_array)[ptr->ranges];
+                }
+            }
+            for (;;) {
+                uint8_t rle = read_uint8(&p);
+                uintptr_t from = 0, to = 0;
+                if (rle == DW_RLE_end_of_list) break;
+                switch (rle) {
+                  case DW_RLE_base_addressx:
+                    uleb128(&p);
+                    base_valid = false; /* not supported yet */
+                    break;
+                  case DW_RLE_startx_endx:
+                    uleb128(&p);
+                    uleb128(&p);
+                    break;
+                  case DW_RLE_startx_length:
+                    uleb128(&p);
+                    uleb128(&p);
+                    break;
+                  case DW_RLE_offset_pair:
+                    if (!base_valid) break;
+                    from = (uintptr_t)base + uleb128(&p);
+                    to = (uintptr_t)base + uleb128(&p);
+                    break;
+                  case DW_RLE_base_address:
+                    base = read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p);
+                    base_valid = true;
+                    break;
+                  case DW_RLE_start_end:
+                    from = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p);
+                    to = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p);
+                    break;
+                  case DW_RLE_start_length:
+                    from = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p);
+                    to = from + uleb128(&p);
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (from <= addr && addr < to) {
+                    return from;
+                }
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        p = reader->obj->debug_ranges.ptr + ptr->ranges;
+        for (;;) {
+            uintptr_t from = read_uintptr(&p);
+            uintptr_t to = read_uintptr(&p);
+            if (!from && !to) break;
+            if (from == UINTPTR_MAX) {
+                /* base address selection entry */
+                base = to;
+            }
+            else if (base + from <= addr && addr < base + to) {
+                return (uintptr_t)base + from;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else if (ptr->low_pc_set) {
+        if (ptr->low_pc == addr) {
+            return (uintptr_t)ptr->low_pc;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+#if 0
+static void
+ranges_inspect(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr)
+{
+    if (ptr->high_pc_set) {
+        if (ptr->ranges_set || !ptr->low_pc_set) {
+            fprintf(stderr,"low_pc_set:%d high_pc_set:%d ranges_set:%d\n",ptr->low_pc_set,ptr->high_pc_set,ptr->ranges_set);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr,"low_pc:%"PRIx64" high_pc:%"PRIx64"\n",ptr->low_pc,ptr->high_pc);
+    }
+    else if (ptr->ranges_set) {
+        char *p = reader->obj->debug_ranges.ptr + ptr->ranges;
+        fprintf(stderr,"low_pc:%"PRIx64" ranges:%"PRIx64" %lx ",ptr->low_pc,ptr->ranges, p-reader->obj->mapped);
+        for (;;) {
+            uintptr_t from = read_uintptr(&p);
+            uintptr_t to = read_uintptr(&p);
+            if (!from && !to) break;
+            fprintf(stderr,"%"PRIx64"-%"PRIx64" ",ptr->low_pc+from,ptr->low_pc+to);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr,"\n");
+    }
+    else if (ptr->low_pc_set) {
+        fprintf(stderr,"low_pc:%"PRIx64"\n",ptr->low_pc);
+    }
+    else {
+        fprintf(stderr,"empty\n");
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+di_read_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+{
+    uint64_t unit_length;
+    uint16_t version;
+    uint64_t debug_abbrev_offset;
+    reader->format = 4;
+    reader->current_cu = reader->p;
+    unit_length = read_uint32(&reader->p);
+    if (unit_length == 0xffffffff) {
+        unit_length = read_uint64(&reader->p);
+        reader->format = 8;
+    }
+    reader->cu_end = reader->p + unit_length;
+    version = read_uint16(&reader->p);
+    reader->current_version = version;
+    if (version > 5) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    else if (version == 5) {
+        /* unit_type = */ read_uint8(&reader->p);
+        reader->address_size = read_uint8(&reader->p);
+        debug_abbrev_offset = read_uint(reader);
+    }
+    else {
+        debug_abbrev_offset = read_uint(reader);
+        reader->address_size = read_uint8(&reader->p);
+    }
+    reader->q0 = reader->obj->debug_abbrev.ptr + debug_abbrev_offset;
+
+    reader->level = 0;
+    di_read_debug_abbrev_cu(reader);
+    if (di_read_debug_line_cu(reader)) return -1;
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER_BUILD_DATE)
+    /* Though DWARF specifies "the applicable base address defaults to the base
+       address of the compilation unit", but GCC seems to use zero as default */
+#else
+    do {
+        DIE die;
+
+        if (!di_read_die(reader, &die)) continue;
+
+        if (die.tag != DW_TAG_compile_unit) {
+            di_skip_records(reader);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        reader->current_str_offsets_base = 0;
+        reader->current_addr_base = 0;
+        reader->current_rnglists_base = 0;
+
+        DebugInfoValue low_pc = {{}};
+        /* enumerate abbrev */
+        for (;;) {
+            DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
+            if (!di_read_record(reader, &v)) break;
+            switch (v.at) {
+              case DW_AT_low_pc:
+                // clang may output DW_AT_addr_base after DW_AT_low_pc.
+                // We need to resolve the DW_FORM_addr* after DW_AT_addr_base is parsed.
+                low_pc = v;
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_str_offsets_base:
+                reader->current_str_offsets_base = v.as.uint64;
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_addr_base:
+                reader->current_addr_base = v.as.uint64;
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_rnglists_base:
+                reader->current_rnglists_base = v.as.uint64;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        // Resolve the DW_FORM_addr of DW_AT_low_pc
+        switch (low_pc.type) {
+            case VAL_uint:
+                reader->current_low_pc = low_pc.as.uint64;
+                break;
+            case VAL_addr:
+                {
+                    addr_header_t header;
+                    addr_header_init(reader->obj, &header);
+                    reader->current_low_pc = read_addr(&header, reader->current_addr_base, low_pc.as.addr_idx);
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+    } while (0);
+#endif
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+read_abstract_origin(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, uint64_t abstract_origin, line_info_t *line)
+{
+    const char *p = reader->p;
+    const char *q = reader->q;
+    int level = reader->level;
+    DIE die;
+
+    switch (form) {
+      case DW_FORM_ref1:
+      case DW_FORM_ref2:
+      case DW_FORM_ref4:
+      case DW_FORM_ref8:
+      case DW_FORM_ref_udata:
+        reader->p = reader->current_cu + abstract_origin;
+        break;
+      case DW_FORM_ref_addr:
+        goto finish; /* not supported yet */
+      case DW_FORM_ref_sig8:
+        goto finish; /* not supported yet */
+      case DW_FORM_ref_sup4:
+      case DW_FORM_ref_sup8:
+        goto finish; /* not supported yet */
+      default:
+        goto finish;
+    }
+    if (!di_read_die(reader, &die)) goto finish;
+
+    /* enumerate abbrev */
+    for (;;) {
+        DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
+        if (!di_read_record(reader, &v)) break;
+        switch (v.at) {
+          case DW_AT_name:
+            line->sname = get_cstr_value(&v);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+  finish:
+    reader->p = p;
+    reader->q = q;
+    reader->level = level;
+}
+
+static void
+debug_info_read(DebugInfoReader *reader, int num_traces, void **traces,
+         line_info_t *lines, int offset) {
+
+    addr_header_t addr_header = {};
+    addr_header_init(reader->obj, &addr_header);
+
+    rnglists_header_t rnglists_header = {};
+    rnglists_header_init(reader->obj, &rnglists_header);
+
+    while (reader->p < reader->cu_end) {
+        DIE die;
+        ranges_t ranges = {};
+        line_info_t line = {};
+
+        if (!di_read_die(reader, &die)) continue;
+        /* fprintf(stderr,"%d:%tx: <%d>\n",__LINE__,die.pos,reader->level,die.tag); */
+
+        if (die.tag != DW_TAG_subprogram && die.tag != DW_TAG_inlined_subroutine) {
+          skip_die:
+            di_skip_records(reader);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        /* enumerate abbrev */
+        for (;;) {
+            DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
+            /* ptrdiff_t pos = reader->p - reader->p0; */
+            if (!di_read_record(reader, &v)) break;
+            /* fprintf(stderr,"\n%d:%tx: AT:%lx FORM:%lx\n",__LINE__,pos,v.at,v.form); */
+            /* div_inspect(&v); */
+            switch (v.at) {
+              case DW_AT_name:
+                line.sname = get_cstr_value(&v);
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_call_file:
+                fill_filename((int)v.as.uint64, reader->debug_line_format, reader->debug_line_version, reader->debug_line_directories, reader->debug_line_files, &line, reader->obj);
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_call_line:
+                line.line = (int)v.as.uint64;
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_low_pc:
+              case DW_AT_high_pc:
+              case DW_AT_ranges:
+                ranges_set(&ranges, &v, &addr_header, reader->current_addr_base);
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_declaration:
+                goto skip_die;
+              case DW_AT_inline:
+                /* 1 or 3 */
+                break; /* goto skip_die; */
+              case DW_AT_abstract_origin:
+                read_abstract_origin(reader, v.form, v.as.uint64, &line);
+                break; /* goto skip_die; */
+            }
+        }
+        /* ranges_inspect(reader, &ranges); */
+        /* fprintf(stderr,"%d:%tx: %x ",__LINE__,diepos,die.tag); */
+        for (int i=offset; i < num_traces; i++) {
+            uintptr_t addr = (uintptr_t)traces[i];
+            uintptr_t offset = addr - reader->obj->base_addr + reader->obj->vmaddr;
+            uintptr_t saddr = ranges_include(reader, &ranges, offset, &rnglists_header);
+            if (saddr) {
+                /* fprintf(stdout, "%d:%tx: %d %lx->%lx %x %s: %s/%s %d %s %s %s\n",__LINE__,die.pos, i,addr,offset, die.tag,line.sname,line.dirname,line.filename,line.line,reader->obj->path,line.sname,lines[i].sname); */
+                if (lines[i].sname) {
+                    line_info_t *lp = malloc(sizeof(line_info_t));
+                    memcpy(lp, &lines[i], sizeof(line_info_t));
+                    lines[i].next = lp;
+                    lp->dirname = line.dirname;
+                    lp->filename = line.filename;
+                    lp->line = line.line;
+                    lp->saddr = 0;
+                }
+                lines[i].path = reader->obj->path;
+                lines[i].base_addr = line.base_addr;
+                lines[i].sname = line.sname;
+                lines[i].saddr = saddr + reader->obj->base_addr - reader->obj->vmaddr;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// This function parses the following attributes of Line Number Program Header in DWARF 5:
+//
+// * directory_entry_format_count
+// * directory_entry_format
+// * directories_count
+// * directories
+//
+// or
+//
+// * file_name_entry_format_count
+// * file_name_entry_format
+// * file_names_count
+// * file_names
+//
+// It records DW_LNCT_path and DW_LNCT_directory_index at the index "idx".
+static const char *
+parse_ver5_debug_line_header(const char *p, int idx, uint8_t format, obj_info_t *obj, const char **out_path, uint64_t *out_directory_index) {
+    int i, j;
+    int entry_format_count = *(uint8_t *)p++;
+    const char *entry_format = p;
+
+    /* skip the part of entry_format */
+    for (i = 0; i < entry_format_count * 2; i++) uleb128(&p);
+
+    int entry_count = (int)uleb128(&p);
+
+    DebugInfoReader reader;
+    debug_info_reader_init(&reader, obj);
+    reader.format = format;
+    reader.p = p;
+    for (j = 0; j < entry_count; j++) {
+        const char *format = entry_format;
+        for (i = 0; i < entry_format_count; i++) {
+            DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
+            unsigned long dw_lnct = uleb128(&format);
+            unsigned long dw_form = uleb128(&format);
+            debug_info_reader_read_value(&reader, dw_form, &v);
+            if (dw_lnct == 1 /* DW_LNCT_path */ && v.type == VAL_cstr && out_path)
+                *out_path = v.as.ptr + v.off;
+            if (dw_lnct == 2 /* DW_LNCT_directory_index */ && v.type == VAL_uint && out_directory_index)
+                *out_directory_index = v.as.uint64;
+        }
+        if (j == idx) return 0;
+    }
+
+    return reader.p;
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_ELF
+static unsigned long
+uncompress_debug_section(ElfW(Shdr) *shdr, char *file, char **ptr)
+{
+    *ptr = NULL;
+#ifdef SUPPORT_COMPRESSED_DEBUG_LINE
+    ElfW(Chdr) *chdr = (ElfW(Chdr) *)(file + shdr->sh_offset);
+    unsigned long destsize = chdr->ch_size;
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    if (chdr->ch_type != ELFCOMPRESS_ZLIB) {
+	/* unsupported compression type */
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+    *ptr = malloc(destsize);
+    if (!*ptr) return 0;
+    ret = uncompress((Bytef *)*ptr, &destsize,
+	    (const Bytef*)chdr + sizeof(ElfW(Chdr)),
+            shdr->sh_size - sizeof(ElfW(Chdr)));
+    if (ret != Z_OK) goto fail;
+    return destsize;
+
+fail:
+    free(*ptr);
+    *ptr = NULL;
+#endif
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* read file and fill lines */
+static uintptr_t
+fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
+	   obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+{
+    int i, j;
+    char *shstr;
+    ElfW(Ehdr) *ehdr;
+    ElfW(Shdr) *shdr, *shstr_shdr;
+    ElfW(Shdr) *gnu_debuglink_shdr = NULL;
+    ElfW(Shdr) *note_gnu_build_id = NULL;
+    int fd;
+    off_t filesize;
+    char *file;
+    ElfW(Shdr) *symtab_shdr = NULL, *strtab_shdr = NULL;
+    ElfW(Shdr) *dynsym_shdr = NULL, *dynstr_shdr = NULL;
+    obj_info_t *obj = *objp;
+    uintptr_t dladdr_fbase = 0;
+
+    fd = open(binary_filename, O_RDONLY);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+	goto fail;
+    }
+    filesize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+    if (filesize < 0) {
+	int e = errno;
+	close(fd);
+	kprintf("lseek: %s\n", strerror(e));
+	goto fail;
+    }
+#if SIZEOF_OFF_T > SIZEOF_SIZE_T
+    if (filesize > (off_t)SIZE_MAX) {
+	close(fd);
+	kprintf("Too large file %s\n", binary_filename);
+	goto fail;
+    }
+#endif
+    lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    /* async-signal unsafe */
+    file = (char *)mmap(NULL, (size_t)filesize, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
+    if (file == MAP_FAILED) {
+	int e = errno;
+	close(fd);
+	kprintf("mmap: %s\n", strerror(e));
+	goto fail;
+    }
+    close(fd);
+
+    ehdr = (ElfW(Ehdr) *)file;
+    if (memcmp(ehdr->e_ident, "\177ELF", 4) != 0) {
+	/*
+	 * Huh? Maybe filename was overridden by setproctitle() and
+	 * it match non-elf file.
+	 */
+	goto fail;
+    }
+    obj->mapped = file;
+    obj->mapped_size = (size_t)filesize;
+
+    shdr = (ElfW(Shdr) *)(file + ehdr->e_shoff);
+
+    shstr_shdr = shdr + ehdr->e_shstrndx;
+    shstr = file + shstr_shdr->sh_offset;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
+        char *section_name = shstr + shdr[i].sh_name;
+	switch (shdr[i].sh_type) {
+	  case SHT_STRTAB:
+	    if (!strcmp(section_name, ".strtab")) {
+		strtab_shdr = shdr + i;
+	    }
+	    else if (!strcmp(section_name, ".dynstr")) {
+		dynstr_shdr = shdr + i;
+	    }
+	    break;
+	  case SHT_SYMTAB:
+	    /* if (!strcmp(section_name, ".symtab")) */
+	    symtab_shdr = shdr + i;
+	    break;
+	  case SHT_DYNSYM:
+	    /* if (!strcmp(section_name, ".dynsym")) */
+	    dynsym_shdr = shdr + i;
+	    break;
+          case SHT_NOTE:
+            if (!strcmp(section_name, ".note.gnu.build-id")) {
+                note_gnu_build_id = shdr + i;
+            }
+            break;
+	  case SHT_PROGBITS:
+	    if (!strcmp(section_name, ".gnu_debuglink")) {
+		gnu_debuglink_shdr = shdr + i;
+	    }
+            else {
+                const char *debug_section_names[] = {
+                    ".debug_abbrev",
+                    ".debug_info",
+                    ".debug_line",
+                    ".debug_ranges",
+                    ".debug_str_offsets",
+                    ".debug_addr",
+                    ".debug_rnglists",
+                    ".debug_str",
+                    ".debug_line_str"
+                };
+
+                for (j=0; j < DWARF_SECTION_COUNT; j++) {
+                    struct dwarf_section *s = obj_dwarf_section_at(obj, j);
+
+                    if (strcmp(section_name, debug_section_names[j]) != 0)
+                        continue;
+
+                    s->ptr = file + shdr[i].sh_offset;
+                    s->size = shdr[i].sh_size;
+                    s->flags = shdr[i].sh_flags;
+                    if (s->flags & SHF_COMPRESSED) {
+                        s->size = uncompress_debug_section(&shdr[i], file, &s->ptr);
+                        if (!s->size) goto fail;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+	    break;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (offset == -1) {
+	/* main executable */
+	offset = 0;
+	if (dynsym_shdr && dynstr_shdr) {
+	    char *strtab = file + dynstr_shdr->sh_offset;
+	    ElfW(Sym) *symtab = (ElfW(Sym) *)(file + dynsym_shdr->sh_offset);
+	    int symtab_count = (int)(dynsym_shdr->sh_size / sizeof(ElfW(Sym)));
+            void *handle = dlopen(NULL, RTLD_NOW|RTLD_LOCAL);
+            if (handle) {
+                for (j = 0; j < symtab_count; j++) {
+                    ElfW(Sym) *sym = &symtab[j];
+                    Dl_info info;
+                    void *s;
+                    if (ELF_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) != STT_FUNC || sym->st_size == 0) continue;
+                    s = dlsym(handle, strtab + sym->st_name);
+                    if (s && dladdr(s, &info)) {
+                        obj->base_addr = dladdr_fbase;
+                        dladdr_fbase = (uintptr_t)info.dli_fbase;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                dlclose(handle);
+            }
+	    if (ehdr->e_type == ET_EXEC) {
+		obj->base_addr = 0;
+	    }
+	    else {
+		/* PIE (position-independent executable) */
+		obj->base_addr = dladdr_fbase;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (obj->debug_info.ptr && obj->debug_abbrev.ptr) {
+        DebugInfoReader reader;
+        debug_info_reader_init(&reader, obj);
+        i = 0;
+        while (reader.p < reader.pend) {
+            /* fprintf(stderr, "%d:%tx: CU[%d]\n", __LINE__, reader.p - reader.obj->debug_info.ptr, i++); */
+            if (di_read_cu(&reader)) goto use_symtab;
+            debug_info_read(&reader, num_traces, traces, lines, offset);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        /* This file doesn't have dwarf, use symtab or dynsym */
+use_symtab:
+        if (!symtab_shdr) {
+            /* This file doesn't have symtab, use dynsym instead */
+            symtab_shdr = dynsym_shdr;
+            strtab_shdr = dynstr_shdr;
+        }
+
+        if (symtab_shdr && strtab_shdr) {
+            char *strtab = file + strtab_shdr->sh_offset;
+            ElfW(Sym) *symtab = (ElfW(Sym) *)(file + symtab_shdr->sh_offset);
+            int symtab_count = (int)(symtab_shdr->sh_size / sizeof(ElfW(Sym)));
+            for (j = 0; j < symtab_count; j++) {
+                ElfW(Sym) *sym = &symtab[j];
+                uintptr_t saddr = (uintptr_t)sym->st_value + obj->base_addr;
+                if (ELF_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) != STT_FUNC) continue;
+                for (i = offset; i < num_traces; i++) {
+                    uintptr_t d = (uintptr_t)traces[i] - saddr;
+                    if (lines[i].line > 0 || d > (uintptr_t)sym->st_size)
+                        continue;
+                    /* fill symbol name and addr from .symtab */
+                    if (!lines[i].sname) lines[i].sname = strtab + sym->st_name;
+                    lines[i].saddr = saddr;
+                    lines[i].path  = obj->path;
+                    lines[i].base_addr = obj->base_addr;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!obj->debug_line.ptr) {
+	/* This file doesn't have .debug_line section,
+	   let's check .gnu_debuglink section instead. */
+	if (gnu_debuglink_shdr && check_debuglink) {
+	    follow_debuglink(file + gnu_debuglink_shdr->sh_offset,
+			     num_traces, traces,
+			     objp, lines, offset);
+	}
+        if (note_gnu_build_id && check_debuglink) {
+            ElfW(Nhdr) *nhdr = (ElfW(Nhdr)*) (file + note_gnu_build_id->sh_offset);
+            const char *build_id = (char *)(nhdr + 1) + nhdr->n_namesz;
+            follow_debuglink_build_id(build_id, nhdr->n_descsz,
+			       num_traces, traces,
+			       objp, lines, offset);
+        }
+	goto finish;
+    }
+
+    if (parse_debug_line(num_traces, traces,
+            obj->debug_line.ptr,
+            obj->debug_line.size,
+            obj, lines, offset) == -1)
+        goto fail;
+
+finish:
+    return dladdr_fbase;
+fail:
+    return (uintptr_t)-1;
+}
+#else /* Mach-O */
+/* read file and fill lines */
+static uintptr_t
+fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
+        obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+{
+# ifdef __LP64__
+#  define LP(x) x##_64
+# else
+#  define LP(x) x
+# endif
+    int fd;
+    off_t filesize;
+    char *file, *p = NULL;
+    obj_info_t *obj = *objp;
+    struct LP(mach_header) *header;
+    uintptr_t dladdr_fbase = 0;
+
+    {
+        char *s = binary_filename;
+        char *base = strrchr(binary_filename, '/')+1;
+        size_t max = PATH_MAX;
+        size_t size = strlen(binary_filename);
+        size_t basesize = size - (base - binary_filename);
+        s += size;
+        max -= size;
+        p = s;
+        size = strlcpy(s, ".dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/", max);
+        if (size == 0) goto fail;
+        s += size;
+        max -= size;
+        if (max <= basesize) goto fail;
+        memcpy(s, base, basesize);
+        s[basesize] = 0;
+
+        fd = open(binary_filename, O_RDONLY);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+            *p = 0; /* binary_filename becomes original file name */
+            fd = open(binary_filename, O_RDONLY);
+            if (fd < 0) {
+                goto fail;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    filesize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+    if (filesize < 0) {
+        int e = errno;
+        close(fd);
+        kprintf("lseek: %s\n", strerror(e));
+        goto fail;
+    }
+#if SIZEOF_OFF_T > SIZEOF_SIZE_T
+    if (filesize > (off_t)SIZE_MAX) {
+        close(fd);
+        kprintf("Too large file %s\n", binary_filename);
+        goto fail;
+    }
+#endif
+    lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    /* async-signal unsafe */
+    file = (char *)mmap(NULL, (size_t)filesize, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
+    if (file == MAP_FAILED) {
+        int e = errno;
+        close(fd);
+        kprintf("mmap: %s\n", strerror(e));
+        goto fail;
+    }
+    close(fd);
+
+    obj->mapped = file;
+    obj->mapped_size = (size_t)filesize;
+
+    header = (struct LP(mach_header) *)file;
+    if (header->magic == LP(MH_MAGIC)) {
+        /* non universal binary */
+        p = file;
+    }
+    else if (header->magic == FAT_CIGAM) {
+        struct LP(mach_header) *mhp = _NSGetMachExecuteHeader();
+        struct fat_header *fat = (struct fat_header *)file;
+        char *q = file + sizeof(*fat);
+        uint32_t nfat_arch = __builtin_bswap32(fat->nfat_arch);
+        /* fprintf(stderr,"%d: fat:%s %d\n",__LINE__, binary_filename,nfat_arch); */
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nfat_arch; i++) {
+            struct fat_arch *arch = (struct fat_arch *)q;
+            cpu_type_t cputype = __builtin_bswap32(arch->cputype);
+            cpu_subtype_t cpusubtype = __builtin_bswap32(arch->cpusubtype);
+            uint32_t offset = __builtin_bswap32(arch->offset);
+            /* fprintf(stderr,"%d: fat %d %x/%x %x/%x\n",__LINE__, i, mhp->cputype,mhp->cpusubtype, cputype,cpusubtype); */
+            if (mhp->cputype == cputype &&
+                    (cpu_subtype_t)(mhp->cpusubtype & ~CPU_SUBTYPE_MASK) == cpusubtype) {
+                p = file + offset;
+                file = p;
+                header = (struct LP(mach_header) *)p;
+                if (header->magic == LP(MH_MAGIC)) {
+                    goto found_mach_header;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            q += sizeof(*arch);
+        }
+        kprintf("'%s' is not a Mach-O universal binary file!\n",binary_filename);
+        close(fd);
+        goto fail;
+    }
+    else {
+        kprintf("'%s' is not a "
+# ifdef __LP64__
+                "64"
+# else
+                "32"
+# endif
+                "-bit Mach-O file!\n",binary_filename);
+        close(fd);
+        goto fail;
+    }
+found_mach_header:
+    p += sizeof(*header);
+
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < (uint32_t)header->ncmds; i++) {
+        struct load_command *lcmd = (struct load_command *)p;
+        switch (lcmd->cmd) {
+          case LP(LC_SEGMENT):
+            {
+                static const char *debug_section_names[] = {
+                    "__debug_abbrev",
+                    "__debug_info",
+                    "__debug_line",
+                    "__debug_ranges",
+                    "__debug_str_offsets",
+                    "__debug_addr",
+                    "__debug_rnglists",
+                    "__debug_str",
+                    "__debug_line_str",
+                };
+                struct LP(segment_command) *scmd = (struct LP(segment_command) *)lcmd;
+                if (strcmp(scmd->segname, "__TEXT") == 0) {
+                    obj->vmaddr = scmd->vmaddr;
+                }
+                else if (strcmp(scmd->segname, "__DWARF") == 0) {
+                    p += sizeof(struct LP(segment_command));
+                    for (uint64_t i = 0; i < scmd->nsects; i++) {
+                        struct LP(section) *sect = (struct LP(section) *)p;
+                        p += sizeof(struct LP(section));
+                        for (int j=0; j < DWARF_SECTION_COUNT; j++) {
+                            struct dwarf_section *s = obj_dwarf_section_at(obj, j);
+
+                            if (strcmp(sect->sectname, debug_section_names[j]) != 0)
+                                continue;
+
+                            s->ptr = file + sect->offset;
+                            s->size = sect->size;
+                            s->flags = sect->flags;
+                            if (s->flags & SHF_COMPRESSED) {
+                                goto fail;
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+
+          case LC_SYMTAB:
+            {
+                struct symtab_command *cmd = (struct symtab_command *)lcmd;
+                struct LP(nlist) *nl = (struct LP(nlist) *)(file + cmd->symoff);
+                char *strtab = file + cmd->stroff, *sname = 0;
+                uint32_t j;
+                uintptr_t saddr = 0;
+                /* kprintf("[%2d]: %x/symtab %p\n", i, cmd->cmd, (void *)p); */
+                for (j = 0; j < cmd->nsyms; j++) {
+                    uintptr_t symsize, d;
+                    struct LP(nlist) *e = &nl[j];
+                        /* kprintf("[%2d][%4d]: %02x/%x/%x: %s %llx\n", i, j, e->n_type,e->n_sect,e->n_desc,strtab+e->n_un.n_strx,e->n_value); */
+                    if (e->n_type != N_FUN) continue;
+                    if (e->n_sect) {
+                        saddr = (uintptr_t)e->n_value + obj->base_addr - obj->vmaddr;
+                        sname = strtab + e->n_un.n_strx;
+                        /* kprintf("[%2d][%4d]: %02x/%x/%x: %s %llx\n", i, j, e->n_type,e->n_sect,e->n_desc,strtab+e->n_un.n_strx,e->n_value); */
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    for (int k = offset; k < num_traces; k++) {
+                        d = (uintptr_t)traces[k] - saddr;
+                        symsize = e->n_value;
+                        /* kprintf("%lx %lx %lx\n",saddr,symsize,traces[k]); */
+                        if (lines[k].line > 0 || d > (uintptr_t)symsize)
+                            continue;
+                        /* fill symbol name and addr from .symtab */
+                        if (!lines[k].sname) lines[k].sname = sname;
+                        lines[k].saddr = saddr;
+                        lines[k].path  = obj->path;
+                        lines[k].base_addr = obj->base_addr;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        p += lcmd->cmdsize;
+    }
+
+    if (obj->debug_info.ptr && obj->debug_abbrev.ptr) {
+        DebugInfoReader reader;
+        debug_info_reader_init(&reader, obj);
+        while (reader.p < reader.pend) {
+            if (di_read_cu(&reader)) goto fail;
+            debug_info_read(&reader, num_traces, traces, lines, offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (parse_debug_line(num_traces, traces,
+            obj->debug_line.ptr,
+            obj->debug_line.size,
+            obj, lines, offset) == -1)
+        goto fail;
+
+    return dladdr_fbase;
+fail:
+    return (uintptr_t)-1;
+}
+#endif
+
+#define HAVE_MAIN_EXE_PATH
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
+# include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#endif
+/* ssize_t main_exe_path(void)
+ *
+ * store the path of the main executable to `binary_filename`,
+ * and returns strlen(binary_filename).
+ * it is NUL terminated.
+ */
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+static ssize_t
+main_exe_path(void)
+{
+# if defined(__linux__)
+#  define PROC_SELF_EXE "/proc/self/exe"
+# elif defined(__NetBSD__)
+#  define PROC_SELF_EXE "/proc/curproc/exe"
+# endif
+    ssize_t len = readlink(PROC_SELF_EXE, binary_filename, PATH_MAX);
+    if (len < 0) return 0;
+    binary_filename[len] = 0;
+    return len;
+}
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
+static ssize_t
+main_exe_path(void)
+{
+    int mib[4] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME, -1};
+    size_t len = PATH_MAX;
+    int err = sysctl(mib, 4, binary_filename, &len, NULL, 0);
+    if (err) {
+	kprintf("Can't get the path of ruby");
+	return -1;
+    }
+    len--; /* sysctl sets strlen+1 */
+    return len;
+}
+#elif defined(HAVE_LIBPROC_H)
+static ssize_t
+main_exe_path(void)
+{
+    int len = proc_pidpath(getpid(), binary_filename, PATH_MAX);
+    if (len == 0) return 0;
+    binary_filename[len] = 0;
+    return len;
+}
+#else
+#undef HAVE_MAIN_EXE_PATH
+#endif
+
+static void
+print_line0(line_info_t *line, void *address)
+{
+    uintptr_t addr = (uintptr_t)address;
+    uintptr_t d = addr - line->saddr;
+    if (!address) {
+        /* inlined */
+        if (line->dirname && line->dirname[0]) {
+            kprintf("%s(%s) %s/%s:%d\n", line->path, line->sname, line->dirname, line->filename, line->line);
+        }
+        else {
+            kprintf("%s(%s) %s:%d\n", line->path, line->sname, line->filename, line->line);
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!line->path) {
+        kprintf("[0x%"PRIxPTR"]\n", addr);
+    }
+    else if (!line->sname) {
+        kprintf("%s(0x%"PRIxPTR") [0x%"PRIxPTR"]\n", line->path, addr-line->base_addr, addr);
+    }
+    else if (!line->saddr) {
+        kprintf("%s(%s) [0x%"PRIxPTR"]\n", line->path, line->sname, addr);
+    }
+    else if (line->line <= 0) {
+        kprintf("%s(%s+0x%"PRIxPTR") [0x%"PRIxPTR"]\n", line->path, line->sname,
+                d, addr);
+    }
+    else if (!line->filename) {
+        kprintf("%s(%s+0x%"PRIxPTR") [0x%"PRIxPTR"] ???:%d\n", line->path, line->sname,
+                d, addr, line->line);
+    }
+    else if (line->dirname && line->dirname[0]) {
+        kprintf("%s(%s+0x%"PRIxPTR") [0x%"PRIxPTR"] %s/%s:%d\n", line->path, line->sname,
+                d, addr, line->dirname, line->filename, line->line);
+    }
+    else {
+        kprintf("%s(%s+0x%"PRIxPTR") [0x%"PRIxPTR"] %s:%d\n", line->path, line->sname,
+                d, addr, line->filename, line->line);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+print_line(line_info_t *line, void *address)
+{
+    print_line0(line, address);
+    if (line->next) {
+        print_line(line->next, NULL);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+rb_dump_backtrace_with_lines(int num_traces, void **traces)
+{
+    int i;
+    /* async-signal unsafe */
+    line_info_t *lines = (line_info_t *)calloc(num_traces, sizeof(line_info_t));
+    obj_info_t *obj = NULL;
+    /* 2 is NULL + main executable */
+    void **dladdr_fbases = (void **)calloc(num_traces+2, sizeof(void *));
+
+#ifdef HAVE_MAIN_EXE_PATH
+    char *main_path = NULL; /* used on printing backtrace */
+    ssize_t len;
+    if ((len = main_exe_path()) > 0) {
+	main_path = (char *)alloca(len + 1);
+	if (main_path) {
+	    uintptr_t addr;
+	    memcpy(main_path, binary_filename, len+1);
+	    append_obj(&obj);
+	    obj->path = main_path;
+	    addr = fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 1, &obj, lines, -1);
+	    if (addr != (uintptr_t)-1) {
+		dladdr_fbases[0] = (void *)addr;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* fill source lines by reading dwarf */
+    for (i = 0; i < num_traces; i++) {
+	Dl_info info;
+	if (lines[i].line) continue;
+	if (dladdr(traces[i], &info)) {
+	    const char *path;
+	    void **p;
+
+	    /* skip symbols which is in already checked objects */
+	    /* if the binary is strip-ed, this may effect */
+	    for (p=dladdr_fbases; *p; p++) {
+		if (*p == info.dli_fbase) {
+		    if (info.dli_fname) lines[i].path = info.dli_fname;
+		    if (info.dli_sname) lines[i].sname = info.dli_sname;
+		    goto next_line;
+		}
+	    }
+	    *p = info.dli_fbase;
+
+	    append_obj(&obj);
+	    obj->base_addr = (uintptr_t)info.dli_fbase;
+	    path = info.dli_fname;
+	    obj->path = path;
+	    if (path) lines[i].path = path;
+            if (info.dli_sname) {
+                lines[i].sname = info.dli_sname;
+                lines[i].saddr = (uintptr_t)info.dli_saddr;
+            }
+	    strlcpy(binary_filename, path, PATH_MAX);
+	    if (fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 1, &obj, lines, i) == (uintptr_t)-1)
+		break;
+	}
+next_line:
+	continue;
+    }
+
+    /* output */
+    for (i = 0; i < num_traces; i++) {
+        print_line(&lines[i], traces[i]);
+
+	/* FreeBSD's backtrace may show _start and so on */
+	if (lines[i].sname && strcmp("main", lines[i].sname) == 0)
+	    break;
+    }
+
+    /* free */
+    while (obj) {
+	obj_info_t *o = obj;
+        for (i=0; i < DWARF_SECTION_COUNT; i++) {
+            struct dwarf_section *s = obj_dwarf_section_at(obj, i);
+            if (s->flags & SHF_COMPRESSED) {
+                free(s->ptr);
+            }
+        }
+	if (obj->mapped_size) {
+	    munmap(obj->mapped, obj->mapped_size);
+	}
+	obj = o->next;
+	free(o);
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < num_traces; i++) {
+        line_info_t *line = lines[i].next;
+        while (line) {
+            line_info_t *l = line;
+            line = line->next;
+            free(l);
+        }
+    }
+    free(lines);
+    free(dladdr_fbases);
+}
+
+/* From FreeBSD's lib/libstand/printf.c */
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 1986, 1988, 1991, 1993
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
+ * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
+ * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
+ * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
+ * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ *	@(#)subr_prf.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
+ */
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#define MAXNBUF (sizeof(intmax_t) * CHAR_BIT + 1)
+static inline int toupper(int c) { return ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') ? (c&0x5f) : c; }
+#define    hex2ascii(hex)  (hex2ascii_data[hex])
+static const char hex2ascii_data[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
+static inline int imax(int a, int b) { return (a > b ? a : b); }
+static int kvprintf(char const *fmt, void (*func)(int), void *arg, int radix, va_list ap);
+
+static void putce(int c)
+{
+    char s[1];
+    ssize_t ret;
+
+    s[0] = (char)c;
+    ret = write(2, s, 1);
+    (void)ret;
+}
+
+static int
+kprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	int retval;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	retval = kvprintf(fmt, putce, NULL, 10, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Put a NUL-terminated ASCII number (base <= 36) in a buffer in reverse
+ * order; return an optional length and a pointer to the last character
+ * written in the buffer (i.e., the first character of the string).
+ * The buffer pointed to by `nbuf' must have length >= MAXNBUF.
+ */
+static char *
+ksprintn(char *nbuf, uintmax_t num, int base, int *lenp, int upper)
+{
+	char *p, c;
+
+	p = nbuf;
+	*p = '\0';
+	do {
+		c = hex2ascii(num % base);
+		*++p = upper ? toupper(c) : c;
+	} while (num /= base);
+	if (lenp)
+		*lenp = (int)(p - nbuf);
+	return (p);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Scaled down version of printf(3).
+ *
+ * Two additional formats:
+ *
+ * The format %b is supported to decode error registers.
+ * Its usage is:
+ *
+ *	printf("reg=%b\n", regval, "<base><arg>*");
+ *
+ * where <base> is the output base expressed as a control character, e.g.
+ * \10 gives octal; \20 gives hex.  Each arg is a sequence of characters,
+ * the first of which gives the bit number to be inspected (origin 1), and
+ * the next characters (up to a control character, i.e. a character <= 32),
+ * give the name of the register.  Thus:
+ *
+ *	kvprintf("reg=%b\n", 3, "\10\2BITTWO\1BITONE\n");
+ *
+ * would produce output:
+ *
+ *	reg=3<BITTWO,BITONE>
+ *
+ * XXX:  %D  -- Hexdump, takes pointer and separator string:
+ *		("%6D", ptr, ":")   -> XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
+ *		("%*D", len, ptr, " " -> XX XX XX XX ...
+ */
+static int
+kvprintf(char const *fmt, void (*func)(int), void *arg, int radix, va_list ap)
+{
+#define PCHAR(c) {int cc=(c); if (func) (*func)(cc); else *d++ = cc; retval++; }
+	char nbuf[MAXNBUF];
+	char *d;
+	const char *p, *percent, *q;
+	unsigned char *up;
+	int ch, n;
+	uintmax_t num;
+	int base, lflag, qflag, tmp, width, ladjust, sharpflag, neg, sign, dot;
+	int cflag, hflag, jflag, tflag, zflag;
+	int dwidth, upper;
+	char padc;
+	int stop = 0, retval = 0;
+
+	num = 0;
+	if (!func)
+		d = (char *) arg;
+	else
+		d = NULL;
+
+	if (fmt == NULL)
+		fmt = "(fmt null)\n";
+
+	if (radix < 2 || radix > 36)
+		radix = 10;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		padc = ' ';
+		width = 0;
+		while ((ch = (unsigned char)*fmt++) != '%' || stop) {
+			if (ch == '\0')
+				return (retval);
+			PCHAR(ch);
+		}
+		percent = fmt - 1;
+		qflag = 0; lflag = 0; ladjust = 0; sharpflag = 0; neg = 0;
+		sign = 0; dot = 0; dwidth = 0; upper = 0;
+		cflag = 0; hflag = 0; jflag = 0; tflag = 0; zflag = 0;
+reswitch:	switch (ch = (unsigned char)*fmt++) {
+		case '.':
+			dot = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case '#':
+			sharpflag = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case '+':
+			sign = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case '-':
+			ladjust = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case '%':
+			PCHAR(ch);
+			break;
+		case '*':
+			if (!dot) {
+				width = va_arg(ap, int);
+				if (width < 0) {
+					ladjust = !ladjust;
+					width = -width;
+				}
+			} else {
+				dwidth = va_arg(ap, int);
+			}
+			goto reswitch;
+		case '0':
+			if (!dot) {
+				padc = '0';
+				goto reswitch;
+			}
+		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
+		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
+				for (n = 0;; ++fmt) {
+					n = n * 10 + ch - '0';
+					ch = *fmt;
+					if (ch < '0' || ch > '9')
+						break;
+				}
+			if (dot)
+				dwidth = n;
+			else
+				width = n;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case 'b':
+			num = (unsigned int)va_arg(ap, int);
+			p = va_arg(ap, char *);
+			for (q = ksprintn(nbuf, num, *p++, NULL, 0); *q;)
+				PCHAR(*q--);
+
+			if (num == 0)
+				break;
+
+			for (tmp = 0; *p;) {
+				n = *p++;
+				if (num & (1 << (n - 1))) {
+					PCHAR(tmp ? ',' : '<');
+					for (; (n = *p) > ' '; ++p)
+						PCHAR(n);
+					tmp = 1;
+				} else
+					for (; *p > ' '; ++p)
+						continue;
+			}
+			if (tmp)
+				PCHAR('>');
+			break;
+		case 'c':
+			PCHAR(va_arg(ap, int));
+			break;
+		case 'D':
+			up = va_arg(ap, unsigned char *);
+			p = va_arg(ap, char *);
+			if (!width)
+				width = 16;
+			while(width--) {
+				PCHAR(hex2ascii(*up >> 4));
+				PCHAR(hex2ascii(*up & 0x0f));
+				up++;
+				if (width)
+					for (q=p;*q;q++)
+						PCHAR(*q);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+		case 'i':
+			base = 10;
+			sign = 1;
+			goto handle_sign;
+		case 'h':
+			if (hflag) {
+				hflag = 0;
+				cflag = 1;
+			} else
+				hflag = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case 'j':
+			jflag = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case 'l':
+			if (lflag) {
+				lflag = 0;
+				qflag = 1;
+			} else
+				lflag = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case 'n':
+			if (jflag)
+				*(va_arg(ap, intmax_t *)) = retval;
+			else if (qflag)
+				*(va_arg(ap, int64_t *)) = retval;
+			else if (lflag)
+				*(va_arg(ap, long *)) = retval;
+			else if (zflag)
+				*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = retval;
+			else if (hflag)
+				*(va_arg(ap, short *)) = retval;
+			else if (cflag)
+				*(va_arg(ap, char *)) = retval;
+			else
+				*(va_arg(ap, int *)) = retval;
+			break;
+		case 'o':
+			base = 8;
+			goto handle_nosign;
+		case 'p':
+			base = 16;
+			sharpflag = (width == 0);
+			sign = 0;
+			num = (uintptr_t)va_arg(ap, void *);
+			goto number;
+		case 'q':
+			qflag = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case 'r':
+			base = radix;
+			if (sign)
+				goto handle_sign;
+			goto handle_nosign;
+		case 's':
+			p = va_arg(ap, char *);
+			if (p == NULL)
+				p = "(null)";
+			if (!dot)
+				n = (int)strlen (p);
+			else
+				for (n = 0; n < dwidth && p[n]; n++)
+					continue;
+
+			width -= n;
+
+			if (!ladjust && width > 0)
+				while (width--)
+					PCHAR(padc);
+			while (n--)
+				PCHAR(*p++);
+			if (ladjust && width > 0)
+				while (width--)
+					PCHAR(padc);
+			break;
+		case 't':
+			tflag = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+		case 'u':
+			base = 10;
+			goto handle_nosign;
+		case 'X':
+			upper = 1;
+		case 'x':
+			base = 16;
+			goto handle_nosign;
+		case 'y':
+			base = 16;
+			sign = 1;
+			goto handle_sign;
+		case 'z':
+			zflag = 1;
+			goto reswitch;
+handle_nosign:
+			sign = 0;
+			if (jflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, uintmax_t);
+			else if (qflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, uint64_t);
+			else if (tflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, ptrdiff_t);
+			else if (lflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, unsigned long);
+			else if (zflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, size_t);
+			else if (hflag)
+				num = (unsigned short)va_arg(ap, int);
+			else if (cflag)
+				num = (unsigned char)va_arg(ap, int);
+			else
+				num = va_arg(ap, unsigned int);
+			goto number;
+handle_sign:
+			if (jflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, intmax_t);
+			else if (qflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, int64_t);
+			else if (tflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, ptrdiff_t);
+			else if (lflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, long);
+			else if (zflag)
+				num = va_arg(ap, ssize_t);
+			else if (hflag)
+				num = (short)va_arg(ap, int);
+			else if (cflag)
+				num = (char)va_arg(ap, int);
+			else
+				num = va_arg(ap, int);
+number:
+			if (sign && (intmax_t)num < 0) {
+				neg = 1;
+				num = -(intmax_t)num;
+			}
+			p = ksprintn(nbuf, num, base, &n, upper);
+			tmp = 0;
+			if (sharpflag && num != 0) {
+				if (base == 8)
+					tmp++;
+				else if (base == 16)
+					tmp += 2;
+			}
+			if (neg)
+				tmp++;
+
+			if (!ladjust && padc == '0')
+				dwidth = width - tmp;
+			width -= tmp + imax(dwidth, n);
+			dwidth -= n;
+			if (!ladjust)
+				while (width-- > 0)
+					PCHAR(' ');
+			if (neg)
+				PCHAR('-');
+			if (sharpflag && num != 0) {
+				if (base == 8) {
+					PCHAR('0');
+				} else if (base == 16) {
+					PCHAR('0');
+					PCHAR('x');
+				}
+			}
+			while (dwidth-- > 0)
+				PCHAR('0');
+
+			while (*p)
+				PCHAR(*p--);
+
+			if (ladjust)
+				while (width-- > 0)
+					PCHAR(' ');
+
+			break;
+		default:
+			while (percent < fmt)
+				PCHAR(*percent++);
+			/*
+			 * Since we ignore an formatting argument it is no
+			 * longer safe to obey the remaining formatting
+			 * arguments as the arguments will no longer match
+			 * the format specs.
+			 */
+			stop = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+#undef PCHAR
+}
+#else /* defined(USE_ELF) */
+#error not supported
+#endif
diff --git a/addr2line.h b/addr2line.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f09b665800
--- /dev/null
+++ b/addr2line.h
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_ADDR2LINE_H
+#define RUBY_ADDR2LINE_H
+/**********************************************************************
+
+  addr2line.h -
+
+  $Author$
+
+  Copyright (C) 2010 Shinichiro Hamaji
+
+**********************************************************************/
+
+#if (defined(USE_ELF) || defined(HAVE_MACH_O_LOADER_H))
+
+void
+rb_dump_backtrace_with_lines(int num_traces, void **traces);
+
+#endif /* USE_ELF */
+
+#endif /* RUBY_ADDR2LINE_H */
diff --git a/array.c b/array.c
index d3142c9063..b76e9a64a3 100644
--- a/array.c
+++ b/array.c
@@ -3,154 +3,872 @@
   array.c -
 
   $Author$
-  $Date$
   created at: Fri Aug  6 09:46:12 JST 1993
 
-  Copyright (C) 1993-2002 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+  Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
   Copyright (C) 2000  Network Applied Communication Laboratory, Inc.
   Copyright (C) 2000  Information-technology Promotion Agency, Japan
 
 **********************************************************************/
 
-#include "ruby.h"
-#include "util.h"
-#include "st.h"
+#include "debug_counter.h"
+#include "id.h"
+#include "internal.h"
+#include "internal/array.h"
+#include "internal/compar.h"
+#include "internal/enum.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
+#include "internal/hash.h"
+#include "internal/numeric.h"
+#include "internal/object.h"
+#include "internal/proc.h"
+#include "internal/rational.h"
+#include "internal/vm.h"
+#include "probes.h"
+#include "ruby/encoding.h"
+#include "ruby/st.h"
+#include "ruby/util.h"
+#include "transient_heap.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+
+#if !ARRAY_DEBUG
+# undef NDEBUG
+# define NDEBUG
+#endif
+#include "ruby_assert.h"
 
 VALUE rb_cArray;
-static ID id_cmp;
+
+/* Flags of RArray
+ *
+ * 1:   RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG
+ *          The array is embedded (its contents follow the header, rather than
+ *          being on a separately allocated buffer).
+ * 2:   RARRAY_SHARED_FLAG (equal to ELTS_SHARED)
+ *          The array is shared. The buffer this array points to is owned by
+ *          another array (the shared root).
+ * if USE_RVARGC
+ * 3-9: RARRAY_EMBED_LEN
+ *          The length of the array when RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG is set.
+ * else
+ * 3-4: RARRAY_EMBED_LEN
+ *          The length of the array when RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG is set.
+ * endif
+ * 12:  RARRAY_SHARED_ROOT_FLAG
+ *          The array is a shared root that does reference counting. The buffer
+ *          this array points to is owned by this array but may be pointed to
+ *          by other arrays.
+ *          Note: Frozen arrays may be a shared root without this flag being
+ *                set. Frozen arrays do not have reference counting because
+ *                they cannot be modified. Not updating the reference count
+ *                improves copy-on-write performance. Their reference count is
+ *                assumed to be infinity.
+ * 13:  RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG
+ *          The buffer of the array is allocated on the transient heap.
+ * 14:  RARRAY_PTR_IN_USE_FLAG
+ *          The buffer of the array is in use. This is only used during
+ *          debugging.
+ */
+
+/* for OPTIMIZED_CMP: */
+#define id_cmp idCmp
 
 #define ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE 16
+#define ARY_MAX_SIZE (LONG_MAX / (int)sizeof(VALUE))
+#define SMALL_ARRAY_LEN 16
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+static int
+should_be_T_ARRAY(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return RB_TYPE_P(ary, T_ARRAY);
+}
+
+#define ARY_HEAP_PTR(a) (assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(a)), RARRAY(a)->as.heap.ptr)
+#define ARY_HEAP_LEN(a) (assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(a)), RARRAY(a)->as.heap.len)
+#define ARY_HEAP_CAPA(a) (assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(a)), assert(!ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(a)), \
+                          RARRAY(a)->as.heap.aux.capa)
+
+#define ARY_EMBED_PTR(a) (assert(ARY_EMBED_P(a)), RARRAY(a)->as.ary)
+#define ARY_EMBED_LEN(a) \
+    (assert(ARY_EMBED_P(a)), \
+     (long)((RBASIC(a)->flags >> RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT) & \
+         (RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK >> RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT)))
+#define ARY_HEAP_SIZE(a) (assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(a)), assert(ARY_OWNS_HEAP_P(a)), ARY_CAPA(a) * sizeof(VALUE))
+
+#define ARY_OWNS_HEAP_P(a) (assert(should_be_T_ARRAY((VALUE)(a))), \
+                            !FL_TEST_RAW((a), RARRAY_SHARED_FLAG|RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG))
+
+#define FL_SET_EMBED(a) do { \
+    assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(a)); \
+    FL_SET((a), RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG); \
+    RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(a); \
+    ary_verify(a); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define FL_UNSET_EMBED(ary) FL_UNSET((ary), RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG|RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK)
+#define FL_SET_SHARED(ary) do { \
+    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)); \
+    FL_SET((ary), RARRAY_SHARED_FLAG); \
+} while (0)
+#define FL_UNSET_SHARED(ary) FL_UNSET((ary), RARRAY_SHARED_FLAG)
+
+#define ARY_SET_PTR(ary, p) do { \
+    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)); \
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary)); \
+    RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.ptr = (p); \
+} while (0)
+#define ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, n) do { \
+    long tmp_n = (n); \
+    assert(ARY_EMBED_P(ary)); \
+    RBASIC(ary)->flags &= ~RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK; \
+    RBASIC(ary)->flags |= (tmp_n) << RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT; \
+} while (0)
+#define ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, n) do { \
+    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)); \
+    RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.len = (n); \
+} while (0)
+#define ARY_SET_LEN(ary, n) do { \
+    if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) { \
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN((ary), (n)); \
+    } \
+    else { \
+        ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN((ary), (n)); \
+    } \
+    assert(RARRAY_LEN(ary) == (n)); \
+} while (0)
+#define ARY_INCREASE_PTR(ary, n) do  { \
+    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)); \
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary)); \
+    RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.ptr += (n); \
+} while (0)
+#define ARY_INCREASE_LEN(ary, n) do  { \
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary)); \
+    if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) { \
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN((ary), RARRAY_LEN(ary)+(n)); \
+    } \
+    else { \
+        RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.len += (n); \
+    } \
+} while (0)
+
+#define ARY_CAPA(ary) (ARY_EMBED_P(ary) ? ary_embed_capa(ary) : \
+                       ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary) ? RARRAY_LEN(ary) : ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary))
+#define ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, n) do { \
+    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)); \
+    assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(ary)); \
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary)); \
+    RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.aux.capa = (n); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define ARY_SET_SHARED(ary, value) do { \
+    const VALUE _ary_ = (ary); \
+    const VALUE _value_ = (value); \
+    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(_ary_)); \
+    assert(ARY_SHARED_P(_ary_)); \
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(_ary_)); \
+    assert(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(_value_) || OBJ_FROZEN(_value_)); \
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(_ary_, &RARRAY(_ary_)->as.heap.aux.shared_root, _value_); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(ary) (!OBJ_FROZEN(ary) && ARY_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(ary) == 1)
+#define ARY_SET_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(ary, value) do { \
+    assert(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary)); \
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary)); \
+    assert((value) >= 0); \
+    RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.aux.capa = (value); \
+} while (0)
+#define FL_SET_SHARED_ROOT(ary) do { \
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary)); \
+    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)); \
+    assert(!RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)); \
+    FL_SET((ary), RARRAY_SHARED_ROOT_FLAG); \
+} while (0)
+
+static inline void
+ARY_SET(VALUE a, long i, VALUE v)
+{
+    assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(a));
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(a));
+
+    RARRAY_ASET(a, i, v);
+}
+#undef RARRAY_ASET
+
+static long
+ary_embed_capa(VALUE ary)
+{
+#if USE_RVARGC
+    size_t size = rb_gc_obj_slot_size(ary) - offsetof(struct RArray, as.ary);
+    assert(size % sizeof(VALUE) == 0);
+    return size / sizeof(VALUE);
+#else
+    return RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX;
+#endif
+}
+
+static size_t
+ary_embed_size(long capa)
+{
+    return offsetof(struct RArray, as.ary) + (sizeof(VALUE) * capa);
+}
+
+static bool
+ary_embeddable_p(long capa)
+{
+#if USE_RVARGC
+    return rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(ary_embed_size(capa));
+#else
+    return capa <= RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX;
+#endif
+}
+
+bool
+rb_ary_embeddable_p(VALUE ary)
+{
+    /* An array cannot be turned embeddable when the array is:
+     *  - Shared root: other objects may point to the buffer of this array
+     *    so we cannot make it embedded.
+     *  - Frozen: this array may also be a shared root without the shared root
+     *    flag.
+     *  - Shared: we don't want to re-embed an array that points to a shared
+     *    root (to save memory).
+     */
+    return !(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary) || OBJ_FROZEN(ary) || ARY_SHARED_P(ary));
+}
+
+size_t
+rb_ary_size_as_embedded(VALUE ary)
+{
+    size_t real_size;
+
+    if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+        real_size = ary_embed_size(ARY_EMBED_LEN(ary));
+    }
+    else if (rb_ary_embeddable_p(ary)) {
+        real_size = ary_embed_size(ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary));
+    }
+    else {
+        real_size = sizeof(struct RArray);
+    }
+    return real_size;
+}
+
+
+#if ARRAY_DEBUG
+#define ary_verify(ary) ary_verify_(ary, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+
+static VALUE
+ary_verify_(VALUE ary, const char *file, int line)
+{
+    assert(RB_TYPE_P(ary, T_ARRAY));
+
+    if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        VALUE root = ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
+        const VALUE *ptr = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
+        const VALUE *root_ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(root);
+        long len = ARY_HEAP_LEN(ary), root_len = RARRAY_LEN(root);
+        assert(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(root) || OBJ_FROZEN(root));
+        assert(root_ptr <= ptr && ptr + len <= root_ptr + root_len);
+        ary_verify(root);
+    }
+    else if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+        assert(!RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary));
+        assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(ary));
+        assert(RARRAY_LEN(ary) <= ary_embed_capa(ary));
+    }
+    else {
+#if 1
+        const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        long i, len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+        volatile VALUE v;
+        if (len > 1) len = 1; /* check only HEAD */
+        for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
+            v = ptr[i]; /* access check */
+        }
+        v = v;
+#endif
+    }
+
+#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
+        assert(rb_transient_heap_managed_ptr_p(RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary)));
+    }
+#endif
+
+    rb_transient_heap_verify();
+
+    return ary;
+}
 
 void
-rb_mem_clear(mem, size)
-    register VALUE *mem;
-    register long size;
+rb_ary_verify(VALUE ary)
+{
+    ary_verify(ary);
+}
+#else
+#define ary_verify(ary) ((void)0)
+#endif
+
+VALUE *
+rb_ary_ptr_use_start(VALUE ary)
+{
+#if ARRAY_DEBUG
+    FL_SET_RAW(ary, RARRAY_PTR_IN_USE_FLAG);
+#endif
+    return (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+}
+
+void
+rb_ary_ptr_use_end(VALUE ary)
+{
+#if ARRAY_DEBUG
+    FL_UNSET_RAW(ary, RARRAY_PTR_IN_USE_FLAG);
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+rb_mem_clear(VALUE *mem, long size)
 {
     while (size--) {
-	*mem++ = Qnil;
+        *mem++ = Qnil;
     }
 }
 
 static void
-memfill(mem, size, val)
-    register VALUE *mem;
-    register long size;
-    register VALUE val;
+ary_mem_clear(VALUE ary, long beg, long size)
+{
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+        rb_mem_clear(ptr + beg, size);
+    });
+}
+
+static inline void
+memfill(register VALUE *mem, register long size, register VALUE val)
 {
     while (size--) {
-	*mem++ = val;
+        *mem++ = val;
     }
 }
 
-#define ARY_TMPLOCK  FL_USER1
+static void
+ary_memfill(VALUE ary, long beg, long size, VALUE val)
+{
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+        memfill(ptr + beg, size, val);
+        RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(ary, Qundef, val);
+    });
+}
 
 static void
-rb_ary_modify_check(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+ary_memcpy0(VALUE ary, long beg, long argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE buff_owner_ary)
 {
-    if (OBJ_FROZEN(ary)) rb_error_frozen("array");
-    if (FL_TEST(ary, ARY_TMPLOCK))
-	rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't modify array during sort");
-    if (!OBJ_TAINTED(ary) && rb_safe_level() >= 4)
-	rb_raise(rb_eSecurityError, "Insecure: can't modify array");
+    assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(buff_owner_ary));
+
+    if (argc > (int)(128/sizeof(VALUE)) /* is magic number (cache line size) */) {
+        rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(buff_owner_ary);
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+            MEMCPY(ptr+beg, argv, VALUE, argc);
+        });
+    }
+    else {
+        int i;
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+            for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
+                RB_OBJ_WRITE(buff_owner_ary, &ptr[i+beg], argv[i]);
+            }
+        });
+    }
 }
 
 static void
-rb_ary_modify(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+ary_memcpy(VALUE ary, long beg, long argc, const VALUE *argv)
+{
+    ary_memcpy0(ary, beg, argc, argv, ary);
+}
+
+static VALUE *
+ary_heap_alloc(VALUE ary, size_t capa)
+{
+    VALUE *ptr = rb_transient_heap_alloc(ary, sizeof(VALUE) * capa);
+
+    if (ptr != NULL) {
+        RARY_TRANSIENT_SET(ary);
+    }
+    else {
+        RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
+        ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, capa);
+    }
+
+    return ptr;
+}
+
+static void
+ary_heap_free_ptr(VALUE ary, const VALUE *ptr, long size)
 {
-    VALUE *ptr;
+    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
+        /* ignore it */
+    }
+    else {
+        ruby_sized_xfree((void *)ptr, size);
+    }
+}
 
+static void
+ary_heap_free(VALUE ary)
+{
+    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
+        RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
+    }
+    else {
+        ary_heap_free_ptr(ary, ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary), ARY_HEAP_SIZE(ary));
+    }
+}
+
+static size_t
+ary_heap_realloc(VALUE ary, size_t new_capa)
+{
+    size_t alloc_capa = new_capa;
+    size_t old_capa = ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary);
+
+    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
+        if (new_capa <= old_capa) {
+            /* do nothing */
+            alloc_capa = old_capa;
+        }
+        else {
+            VALUE *new_ptr = rb_transient_heap_alloc(ary, sizeof(VALUE) * new_capa);
+
+            if (new_ptr == NULL) {
+                new_ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, new_capa);
+                RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
+            }
+
+            MEMCPY(new_ptr, ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary), VALUE, old_capa);
+            ARY_SET_PTR(ary, new_ptr);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        SIZED_REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.ptr, VALUE, new_capa, old_capa);
+    }
+    ary_verify(ary);
+
+    return alloc_capa;
+}
+
+#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+static inline void
+rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate_(VALUE ary, int transient, int promote)
+{
+    if (transient) {
+        assert(!ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary));
+
+        VALUE *new_ptr;
+        const VALUE *old_ptr = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
+        long capa = ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary);
+
+        assert(ARY_OWNS_HEAP_P(ary));
+        assert(RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary));
+        assert(!ARY_PTR_USING_P(ary));
+
+        if (promote) {
+            new_ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, capa);
+            RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
+        }
+        else {
+            new_ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, capa);
+        }
+
+        MEMCPY(new_ptr, old_ptr, VALUE, capa);
+        /* do not use ARY_SET_PTR() because they assert !frozen */
+        RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.ptr = new_ptr;
+    }
+
+    ary_verify(ary);
+}
+
+void
+rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate(VALUE ary, int promote)
+{
+    rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate_(ary, RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary), promote);
+}
+
+void
+rb_ary_detransient(VALUE ary)
+{
+    assert(RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary));
+    rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate_(ary, TRUE, TRUE);
+}
+#else
+void
+rb_ary_detransient(VALUE ary)
+{
+    /* do nothing */
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+rb_ary_make_embedded(VALUE ary)
+{
+    assert(rb_ary_embeddable_p(ary));
+    if (!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+        const VALUE *buf = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
+        long len = ARY_HEAP_LEN(ary);
+        bool was_transient = RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary);
+
+        // FL_SET_EMBED also unsets the transient flag
+        FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, len);
+
+        MEMCPY((void *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(ary), (void *)buf, VALUE, len);
+
+        if (!was_transient) {
+            ary_heap_free_ptr(ary, buf, len * sizeof(VALUE));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+ary_resize_capa(VALUE ary, long capacity)
+{
+    assert(RARRAY_LEN(ary) <= capacity);
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary));
+    assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(ary));
+
+    if (capacity > ary_embed_capa(ary)) {
+        size_t new_capa = capacity;
+        if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+            long len = ARY_EMBED_LEN(ary);
+            VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, capacity);
+
+            MEMCPY(ptr, ARY_EMBED_PTR(ary), VALUE, len);
+            FL_UNSET_EMBED(ary);
+            ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ptr);
+            ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, len);
+        }
+        else {
+            new_capa = ary_heap_realloc(ary, capacity);
+        }
+        ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, new_capa);
+    }
+    else {
+        if (!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+            long len = ARY_HEAP_LEN(ary);
+            long old_capa = ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary);
+            const VALUE *ptr = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
+
+            if (len > capacity) len = capacity;
+            MEMCPY((VALUE *)RARRAY(ary)->as.ary, ptr, VALUE, len);
+            ary_heap_free_ptr(ary, ptr, old_capa);
+
+            FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
+            ARY_SET_LEN(ary, len);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ary_verify(ary);
+}
+
+static inline void
+ary_shrink_capa(VALUE ary)
+{
+    long capacity = ARY_HEAP_LEN(ary);
+    long old_capa = ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary);
+    assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(ary));
+    assert(old_capa >= capacity);
+    if (old_capa > capacity) ary_heap_realloc(ary, capacity);
+
+    ary_verify(ary);
+}
+
+static void
+ary_double_capa(VALUE ary, long min)
+{
+    long new_capa = ARY_CAPA(ary) / 2;
+
+    if (new_capa < ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
+        new_capa = ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE;
+    }
+    if (new_capa >= ARY_MAX_SIZE - min) {
+        new_capa = (ARY_MAX_SIZE - min) / 2;
+    }
+    new_capa += min;
+    ary_resize_capa(ary, new_capa);
+
+    ary_verify(ary);
+}
+
+static void
+rb_ary_decrement_share(VALUE shared_root)
+{
+    if (!OBJ_FROZEN(shared_root)) {
+        long num = ARY_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(shared_root);
+        ARY_SET_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(shared_root, num - 1);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+rb_ary_unshare(VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE shared_root = ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
+    rb_ary_decrement_share(shared_root);
+    FL_UNSET_SHARED(ary);
+}
+
+static void
+rb_ary_reset(VALUE ary)
+{
+    if (ARY_OWNS_HEAP_P(ary)) {
+        ary_heap_free(ary);
+    }
+    else if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        rb_ary_unshare(ary);
+    }
+
+    FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
+    ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, 0);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_increment_share(VALUE shared_root)
+{
+    if (!OBJ_FROZEN(shared_root)) {
+        long num = ARY_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(shared_root);
+        assert(num >= 0);
+        ARY_SET_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(shared_root, num + 1);
+    }
+    return shared_root;
+}
+
+static void
+rb_ary_set_shared(VALUE ary, VALUE shared_root)
+{
+    rb_ary_increment_share(shared_root);
+    FL_SET_SHARED(ary);
+    RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_shared_create);
+    ARY_SET_SHARED(ary, shared_root);
+}
+
+static inline void
+rb_ary_modify_check(VALUE ary)
+{
+    rb_check_frozen(ary);
+    ary_verify(ary);
+}
+
+void
+rb_ary_cancel_sharing(VALUE ary)
+{
+    if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        long shared_len, len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+        VALUE shared_root = ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
+
+        ary_verify(shared_root);
+
+        if (len <= ary_embed_capa(ary)) {
+            const VALUE *ptr = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
+            FL_UNSET_SHARED(ary);
+            FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
+            MEMCPY((VALUE *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(ary), ptr, VALUE, len);
+            rb_ary_decrement_share(shared_root);
+            ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, len);
+        }
+        else if (ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(shared_root) && len > ((shared_len = RARRAY_LEN(shared_root))>>1)) {
+            long shift = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary) - RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(shared_root);
+            FL_UNSET_SHARED(ary);
+            ARY_SET_PTR(ary, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(shared_root));
+            ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, shared_len);
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+                MEMMOVE(ptr, ptr+shift, VALUE, len);
+            });
+            FL_SET_EMBED(shared_root);
+            rb_ary_decrement_share(shared_root);
+        }
+        else {
+            VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, len);
+            MEMCPY(ptr, ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary), VALUE, len);
+            rb_ary_unshare(ary);
+            ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, len);
+            ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ptr);
+        }
+
+        rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(ary);
+    }
+    ary_verify(ary);
+}
+
+void
+rb_ary_modify(VALUE ary)
+{
     rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
-    if (FL_TEST(ary, ELTS_SHARED)) {
-	ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->len);
-	FL_UNSET(ary, ELTS_SHARED);
-	RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = RARRAY(ary)->len;
-	MEMCPY(ptr, RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->len);
-	RARRAY(ary)->ptr = ptr;
+    rb_ary_cancel_sharing(ary);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_ensure_room_for_push(VALUE ary, long add_len)
+{
+    long old_len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    long new_len = old_len + add_len;
+    long capa;
+
+    if (old_len > ARY_MAX_SIZE - add_len) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too big", new_len);
+    }
+    if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        if (new_len > ary_embed_capa(ary)) {
+            VALUE shared_root = ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
+            if (ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(shared_root)) {
+                if (ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary) - RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(shared_root) + new_len <= RARRAY_LEN(shared_root)) {
+                    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+
+                    ary_verify(ary);
+                    ary_verify(shared_root);
+                    return shared_root;
+                }
+                else {
+                    /* if array is shared, then it is likely it participate in push/shift pattern */
+                    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+                    capa = ARY_CAPA(ary);
+                    if (new_len > capa - (capa >> 6)) {
+                        ary_double_capa(ary, new_len);
+                    }
+                    ary_verify(ary);
+                    return ary;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        ary_verify(ary);
+        rb_ary_modify(ary);
     }
+    else {
+        rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    }
+    capa = ARY_CAPA(ary);
+    if (new_len > capa) {
+        ary_double_capa(ary, new_len);
+    }
+
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    return ary;
 }
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.freeze -> self
+ *
+ *  Freezes +self+; returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = []
+ *    a.frozen? # => false
+ *    a.freeze
+ *    a.frozen? # => true
+ *
+ *  An attempt to modify a frozen \Array raises FrozenError.
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_freeze(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_freeze(VALUE ary)
 {
     return rb_obj_freeze(ary);
 }
 
-static VALUE
-rb_ary_frozen_p(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+/* This can be used to take a snapshot of an array (with
+   e.g. rb_ary_replace) and check later whether the array has been
+   modified from the snapshot.  The snapshot is cheap, though if
+   something does modify the array it will pay the cost of copying
+   it.  If Array#pop or Array#shift has been called, the array will
+   be still shared with the snapshot, but the array length will
+   differ. */
+VALUE
+rb_ary_shared_with_p(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
 {
-    if (FL_TEST(ary, FL_FREEZE|ARY_TMPLOCK))
-	return Qtrue;
+    if (!ARY_EMBED_P(ary1) && ARY_SHARED_P(ary1) &&
+            !ARY_EMBED_P(ary2) && ARY_SHARED_P(ary2) &&
+            ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary1) == ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary2) &&
+            ARY_HEAP_LEN(ary1) == ARY_HEAP_LEN(ary2)) {
+        return Qtrue;
+    }
     return Qfalse;
 }
 
-static VALUE ary_alloc _((VALUE));
 static VALUE
-ary_alloc(klass)
-    VALUE klass;
+ary_alloc_embed(VALUE klass, long capa)
 {
-    NEWOBJ(ary, struct RArray);
-    OBJSETUP(ary, klass, T_ARRAY);
-
-    ary->len = 0;
-    ary->ptr = 0;
-    ary->aux.capa = 0;
+    size_t size = ary_embed_size(capa);
+    assert(rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(size));
+#if !USE_RVARGC
+    assert(size <= sizeof(struct RArray));
+#endif
+    RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF(ary, struct RArray, klass,
+                     T_ARRAY | RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
+                     size);
+    /* Created array is:
+     *   FL_SET_EMBED((VALUE)ary);
+     *   ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN((VALUE)ary, 0);
+     */
+    return (VALUE)ary;
+}
 
+static VALUE
+ary_alloc_heap(VALUE klass)
+{
+    RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF(ary, struct RArray, klass,
+                     T_ARRAY | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
+                     sizeof(struct RArray));
     return (VALUE)ary;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-ary_new(klass, len)
-    VALUE klass;
-    long len;
+empty_ary_alloc(VALUE klass)
 {
-    VALUE ary = ary_alloc(klass);
+    RUBY_DTRACE_CREATE_HOOK(ARRAY, 0);
+    return ary_alloc_embed(klass, 0);
+}
 
-    if (len < 0) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative array size (or size too big)");
+static VALUE
+ary_new(VALUE klass, long capa)
+{
+    VALUE ary,*ptr;
+
+    if (capa < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative array size (or size too big)");
     }
-    if (len > 0 && len * sizeof(VALUE) <= len) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "array size too big");
+    if (capa > ARY_MAX_SIZE) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "array size too big");
+    }
+
+    RUBY_DTRACE_CREATE_HOOK(ARRAY, capa);
+
+    if (ary_embeddable_p(capa)) {
+        ary = ary_alloc_embed(klass, capa);
+    }
+    else {
+        ary = ary_alloc_heap(klass);
+        ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, capa);
+        assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary));
+
+        ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, capa);
+        ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ptr);
+        ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, 0);
     }
-    if (len == 0) len++;
-    RARRAY(ary)->ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, len);
-    RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = len;
 
     return ary;
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_ary_new2(len)
-    long len;
+rb_ary_new_capa(long capa)
 {
-    return ary_new(rb_cArray, len);
+    return ary_new(rb_cArray, capa);
 }
 
-
 VALUE
-rb_ary_new()
+rb_ary_new(void)
 {
-    return rb_ary_new2(ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE);
+    return rb_ary_new_capa(0);
 }
 
-#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#define va_init_list(a,b) va_start(a,b)
-#else
-#include <varargs.h>
-#define va_init_list(a,b) va_start(a)
-#endif
-
 VALUE
-#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
-rb_ary_new3(long n, ...)
-#else
-rb_ary_new3(n, va_alist)
-    long n;
-    va_dcl
-#endif
+(rb_ary_new_from_args)(long n, ...)
 {
     va_list ar;
     VALUE ary;
@@ -158,1769 +876,8008 @@ rb_ary_new3(n, va_alist)
 
     ary = rb_ary_new2(n);
 
-    va_init_list(ar, n);
+    va_start(ar, n);
     for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
-	RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i] = va_arg(ar, VALUE);
+        ARY_SET(ary, i, va_arg(ar, VALUE));
     }
     va_end(ar);
 
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = n;
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary, n);
     return ary;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_new4(n, elts)
-    long n;
-    const VALUE *elts;
+MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+rb_ary_tmp_new_from_values(VALUE klass, long n, const VALUE *elts)
 {
     VALUE ary;
 
-    ary = rb_ary_new2(n);
+    ary = ary_new(klass, n);
     if (n > 0 && elts) {
-	MEMCPY(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, elts, VALUE, n);
+        ary_memcpy(ary, 0, n, elts);
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, n);
+    }
+
+    return ary;
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_new_from_values(long n, const VALUE *elts)
+{
+    return rb_ary_tmp_new_from_values(rb_cArray, n, elts);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ec_ary_alloc_embed(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, long capa)
+{
+    size_t size = ary_embed_size(capa);
+    assert(rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(size));
+#if !USE_RVARGC
+    assert(size <= sizeof(struct RArray));
+#endif
+    RB_RVARGC_EC_NEWOBJ_OF(ec, ary, struct RArray, klass,
+                           T_ARRAY | RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
+                           size);
+    /* Created array is:
+     *   FL_SET_EMBED((VALUE)ary);
+     *   ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN((VALUE)ary, 0);
+     */
+    return (VALUE)ary;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ec_ary_alloc_heap(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass)
+{
+    RB_RVARGC_EC_NEWOBJ_OF(ec, ary, struct RArray, klass,
+                           T_ARRAY | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
+                           sizeof(struct RArray));
+    return (VALUE)ary;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ec_ary_new(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, long capa)
+{
+    VALUE ary,*ptr;
+
+    if (capa < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative array size (or size too big)");
+    }
+    if (capa > ARY_MAX_SIZE) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "array size too big");
+    }
+
+    RUBY_DTRACE_CREATE_HOOK(ARRAY, capa);
+
+    if (ary_embeddable_p(capa)) {
+        ary = ec_ary_alloc_embed(ec, klass, capa);
+    }
+    else {
+        ary = ec_ary_alloc_heap(ec, klass);
+        ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, capa);
+        assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary));
+
+        ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, capa);
+        ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ptr);
+        ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, 0);
     }
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = n;
 
     return ary;
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_assoc_new(car, cdr)
-    VALUE car, cdr;
+rb_ec_ary_new_from_values(rb_execution_context_t *ec, long n, const VALUE *elts)
 {
     VALUE ary;
 
-    ary = rb_ary_new2(2);
-    RARRAY(ary)->ptr[0] = car;
-    RARRAY(ary)->ptr[1] = cdr;
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = 2;
+    ary = ec_ary_new(ec, rb_cArray, n);
+    if (n > 0 && elts) {
+        ary_memcpy(ary, 0, n, elts);
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, n);
+    }
 
     return ary;
 }
 
+VALUE
+rb_ary_hidden_new(long capa)
+{
+    VALUE ary = ary_new(0, capa);
+    rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate(ary, TRUE);
+    return ary;
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_hidden_new_fill(long capa)
+{
+    VALUE ary = rb_ary_hidden_new(capa);
+    ary_memfill(ary, 0, capa, Qnil);
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary, capa);
+    return ary;
+}
+
+void
+rb_ary_free(VALUE ary)
+{
+    if (ARY_OWNS_HEAP_P(ary)) {
+        if (USE_DEBUG_COUNTER &&
+            !ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary) &&
+            ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary) > RARRAY_LEN(ary)) {
+            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_extracapa);
+        }
+
+        if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
+            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_transient);
+        }
+        else {
+            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_ptr);
+            ary_heap_free(ary);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_embed);
+    }
+
+    if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_shared);
+    }
+    if (ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary) && ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(ary)) {
+        RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_shared_root_occupied);
+    }
+}
+
+RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED size_t
+rb_ary_memsize(VALUE ary)
+{
+    if (ARY_OWNS_HEAP_P(ary)) {
+        return ARY_CAPA(ary) * sizeof(VALUE);
+    }
+    else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
 static VALUE
-to_ary(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+ary_make_shared(VALUE ary)
 {
-    return rb_convert_type(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
+    assert(USE_RVARGC || !ARY_EMBED_P(ary));
+    ary_verify(ary);
+
+    if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        return ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
+    }
+    else if (ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary)) {
+        return ary;
+    }
+    else if (OBJ_FROZEN(ary)) {
+        if (!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+            rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate(ary, TRUE);
+            ary_shrink_capa(ary);
+        }
+        return ary;
+    }
+    else {
+        rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate(ary, TRUE);
+
+        long capa = ARY_CAPA(ary);
+        long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+        /* Shared roots cannot be embedded because the reference count
+         * (refcnt) is stored in as.heap.aux.capa. */
+        VALUE shared = ary_alloc_heap(0);
+        FL_SET_SHARED_ROOT(shared);
+
+        if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+            /* Cannot use ary_heap_alloc because we don't want to allocate
+             * on the transient heap. */
+            VALUE *ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, capa);
+            ARY_SET_PTR(shared, ptr);
+            ary_memcpy(shared, 0, len, RARRAY_PTR(ary));
+
+            FL_UNSET_EMBED(ary);
+            ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, len);
+            ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ptr);
+        }
+        else {
+            ARY_SET_PTR(shared, RARRAY_PTR(ary));
+        }
+
+        ARY_SET_LEN(shared, capa);
+        ary_mem_clear(shared, len, capa - len);
+        ARY_SET_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(shared, 1);
+        FL_SET_SHARED(ary);
+        RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_shared_create);
+        ARY_SET_SHARED(ary, shared);
+
+        ary_verify(shared);
+        ary_verify(ary);
+
+        return shared;
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_make_substitution(VALUE ary)
+{
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+    if (ary_embeddable_p(len)) {
+        VALUE subst = rb_ary_new_capa(len);
+        assert(ARY_EMBED_P(subst));
+
+        ary_memcpy(subst, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary));
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(subst, len);
+        return subst;
+    }
+    else {
+        return rb_ary_increment_share(ary_make_shared(ary));
+    }
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_check_array_type(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_assoc_new(VALUE car, VALUE cdr)
 {
-    return rb_check_convert_type(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
+    return rb_ary_new3(2, car, cdr);
 }
 
-static VALUE rb_ary_replace _((VALUE, VALUE));
+VALUE
+rb_to_array_type(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return rb_convert_type_with_id(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", idTo_ary);
+}
+#define to_ary rb_to_array_type
 
+VALUE
+rb_check_array_type(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return rb_check_convert_type_with_id(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", idTo_ary);
+}
+
+MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+rb_check_to_array(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return rb_check_convert_type_with_id(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", idTo_a);
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_to_array(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return rb_convert_type_with_id(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", idTo_a);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    Array.try_convert(object) -> object, new_array, or nil
+ *
+ *  If +object+ is an \Array object, returns +object+.
+ *
+ *  Otherwise if +object+ responds to <tt>:to_ary</tt>,
+ *  calls <tt>object.to_ary</tt> and returns the result.
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if +object+ does not respond to <tt>:to_ary</tt>
+ *
+ *  Raises an exception unless <tt>object.to_ary</tt> returns an \Array object.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_s_try_convert(VALUE dummy, VALUE ary)
+{
+    return rb_check_array_type(ary);
+}
+
+/* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_initialize(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
+rb_ary_s_new(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
+{
     VALUE ary;
+
+    if (klass == rb_cArray) {
+        long size = 0;
+        if (argc > 0 && FIXNUM_P(argv[0])) {
+            size = FIX2LONG(argv[0]);
+            if (size < 0) size = 0;
+        }
+
+        ary = ary_new(klass, size);
+
+        rb_obj_call_init_kw(ary, argc, argv, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
+    }
+    else {
+        ary = rb_class_new_instance_pass_kw(argc, argv, klass);
+    }
+
+    return ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    Array.new -> new_empty_array
+ *    Array.new(array) -> new_array
+ *    Array.new(size) -> new_array
+ *    Array.new(size, default_value) -> new_array
+ *    Array.new(size) {|index| ... } -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array.
+ *
+ *  With no block and no arguments, returns a new empty \Array object.
+ *
+ *  With no block and a single \Array argument +array+,
+ *  returns a new \Array formed from +array+:
+ *
+ *    a = Array.new([:foo, 'bar', 2])
+ *    a.class # => Array
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  With no block and a single \Integer argument +size+,
+ *  returns a new \Array of the given size
+ *  whose elements are all +nil+:
+ *
+ *    a = Array.new(3)
+ *    a # => [nil, nil, nil]
+ *
+ *  With no block and arguments +size+ and +default_value+,
+ *  returns an \Array of the given size;
+ *  each element is that same +default_value+:
+ *
+ *    a = Array.new(3, 'x')
+ *    a # => ['x', 'x', 'x']
+ *
+ *  With a block and argument +size+,
+ *  returns an \Array of the given size;
+ *  the block is called with each successive integer +index+;
+ *  the element for that +index+ is the return value from the block:
+ *
+ *    a = Array.new(3) {|index| "Element #{index}" }
+ *    a # => ["Element 0", "Element 1", "Element 2"]
+ *
+ *  Raises ArgumentError if +size+ is negative.
+ *
+ *  With a block and no argument,
+ *  or a single argument +0+,
+ *  ignores the block and returns a new empty \Array.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
     long len;
     VALUE size, val;
 
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &size, &val) == 0) {
-	RARRAY(ary)->len = 0;
-	if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-	    rb_warning("given block not used");
-	}
-	return ary;
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        rb_ary_reset(ary);
+        assert(ARY_EMBED_P(ary));
+        assert(ARY_EMBED_LEN(ary) == 0);
+        if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+            rb_warning("given block not used");
+        }
+        return ary;
     }
-
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &size, &val);
     if (argc == 1 && !FIXNUM_P(size)) {
-	val = rb_check_array_type(size);
-	if (!NIL_P(val)) {
-	    rb_ary_replace(ary, val);
-	    return ary;
-	}
+        val = rb_check_array_type(size);
+        if (!NIL_P(val)) {
+            rb_ary_replace(ary, val);
+            return ary;
+        }
     }
 
     len = NUM2LONG(size);
+    /* NUM2LONG() may call size.to_int, ary can be frozen, modified, etc */
     if (len < 0) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative array size");
-    }
-    if (len > 0 && len * (long)sizeof(VALUE) <= len) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "array size too big");
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative array size");
     }
-    if (len > RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa) {
-	REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, len);
-	RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = len;
+    if (len > ARY_MAX_SIZE) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "array size too big");
     }
+    /* recheck after argument conversion */
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    ary_resize_capa(ary, len);
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-	long i;
-
-	if (argc > 1) {
-	    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number of arguments");
-	}
-	for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
-	    RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i] = rb_yield(LONG2NUM(i));
-	    RARRAY(ary)->len = i + 1;
-	}
+        long i;
+
+        if (argc == 2) {
+            rb_warn("block supersedes default value argument");
+        }
+        for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
+            rb_ary_store(ary, i, rb_yield(LONG2NUM(i)));
+            ARY_SET_LEN(ary, i + 1);
+        }
     }
     else {
-	memfill(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, len, val);
-	RARRAY(ary)->len = len;
+        ary_memfill(ary, 0, len, val);
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, len);
     }
-
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns a new array populated with the given objects.
+ *
+ *   Array.[]( 1, 'a', /^A/)  # => [1, "a", /^A/]
+ *   Array[ 1, 'a', /^A/ ]    # => [1, "a", /^A/]
+ *   [ 1, 'a', /^A/ ]         # => [1, "a", /^A/]
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_s_create(argc, argv, klass)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE klass;
+rb_ary_s_create(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 {
-    VALUE ary = ary_alloc(klass);
-
-    if (argc < 0) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative number of arguments");
+    VALUE ary = ary_new(klass, argc);
+    if (argc > 0 && argv) {
+        ary_memcpy(ary, 0, argc, argv);
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, argc);
     }
-    if (argc > 0) {
-	RARRAY(ary)->ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, argc);
-	MEMCPY(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, argv, VALUE, argc);
-    }
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = argc;
 
     return ary;
 }
 
 void
-rb_ary_store(ary, idx, val)
-    VALUE ary;
-    long idx;
-    VALUE val;
+rb_ary_store(VALUE ary, long idx, VALUE val)
 {
-    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
     if (idx < 0) {
-	idx += RARRAY(ary)->len;
-	if (idx < 0) {
-	    rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld out of array",
-		    idx - RARRAY(ary)->len);
-	}
+        idx += len;
+        if (idx < 0) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too small for array; minimum: %ld",
+                     idx - len, -len);
+        }
+    }
+    else if (idx >= ARY_MAX_SIZE) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too big", idx);
     }
 
-    if (idx >= RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa) {
-	long new_capa = RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa / 2;
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    if (idx >= ARY_CAPA(ary)) {
+        ary_double_capa(ary, idx);
+    }
+    if (idx > len) {
+        ary_mem_clear(ary, len, idx - len + 1);
+    }
 
-	if (new_capa < ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
-	    new_capa = ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE;
-	}
-	new_capa += idx;
-	if (new_capa * (long)sizeof(VALUE) <= new_capa) {
-	    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "index too big");
-	}
-	REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, new_capa);
-	RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = new_capa;
+    if (idx >= len) {
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, idx + 1);
     }
-    if (idx > RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	rb_mem_clear(RARRAY(ary)->ptr + RARRAY(ary)->len,
-		     idx-RARRAY(ary)->len + 1);
+    ARY_SET(ary, idx, val);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_make_partial(VALUE ary, VALUE klass, long offset, long len)
+{
+    assert(offset >= 0);
+    assert(len >= 0);
+    assert(offset+len <= RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+
+    const size_t rarray_embed_capa_max = (sizeof(struct RArray) - offsetof(struct RArray, as.ary)) / sizeof(VALUE);
+
+    if ((size_t)len <= rarray_embed_capa_max && ary_embeddable_p(len)) {
+        VALUE result = ary_alloc_embed(klass, len);
+        ary_memcpy(result, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary) + offset);
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(result, len);
+        return result;
     }
+    else {
+        VALUE shared = ary_make_shared(ary);
+
+        VALUE result = ary_alloc_heap(klass);
+        assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(result));
 
-    if (idx >= RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	RARRAY(ary)->len = idx + 1;
+        ARY_SET_PTR(result, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary));
+        ARY_SET_LEN(result, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+        rb_ary_set_shared(result, shared);
+
+        ARY_INCREASE_PTR(result, offset);
+        ARY_SET_LEN(result, len);
+
+        ary_verify(shared);
+        ary_verify(result);
+        return result;
     }
-    RARRAY(ary)->ptr[idx] = val;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_push(ary, item)
-    VALUE ary;
-    VALUE item;
+static VALUE
+ary_make_partial_step(VALUE ary, VALUE klass, long offset, long len, long step)
 {
-    rb_ary_store(ary, RARRAY(ary)->len, item);
-    return ary;
+    assert(offset >= 0);
+    assert(len >= 0);
+    assert(offset+len <= RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    assert(step != 0);
+
+    const VALUE *values = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+    const long orig_len = len;
+
+    if (step > 0 && step >= len) {
+        VALUE result = ary_new(klass, 1);
+        VALUE *ptr = (VALUE *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(result);
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, ptr, values[offset]);
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(result, 1);
+        return result;
+    }
+    else if (step < 0 && step < -len) {
+        step = -len;
+    }
+
+    long ustep = (step < 0) ? -step : step;
+    len = roomof(len, ustep);
+
+    long i;
+    long j = offset + ((step > 0) ? 0 : (orig_len - 1));
+
+    VALUE result = ary_new(klass, len);
+    if (ARY_EMBED_P(result)) {
+        VALUE *ptr = (VALUE *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(result);
+        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, ptr+i, values[j]);
+            j += step;
+        }
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(result, len);
+    }
+    else {
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(result, ptr, {
+            for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+                RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, ptr+i, values[j]);
+                j += step;
+            }
+        });
+        ARY_SET_LEN(result, len);
+    }
+
+    return result;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_push_m(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+ary_make_shared_copy(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return ary_make_partial(ary, rb_cArray, 0, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+}
+
+enum ary_take_pos_flags
+{
+    ARY_TAKE_FIRST = 0,
+    ARY_TAKE_LAST = 1
+};
+
+static VALUE
+ary_take_first_or_last(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary, enum ary_take_pos_flags last)
 {
-    if (argc <= 0) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number arguments (at least 1)");
+    long n;
+    long len;
+    long offset = 0;
+
+    argc = rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    /* the case optional argument is omitted should be handled in
+     * callers of this function.  if another arity case is added,
+     * this arity check needs to rewrite. */
+    RUBY_ASSERT_ALWAYS(argc == 1);
+
+    n = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (n > len) {
+        n = len;
+    }
+    else if (n < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative array size");
     }
-    while (argc--) {
-	rb_ary_push(ary, *argv++);
+    if (last) {
+        offset = len - n;
     }
+    return ary_make_partial(ary, rb_cArray, offset, n);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array << object -> self
+ *
+ *  Appends +object+ to +self+; returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a << :baz # => [:foo, "bar", 2, :baz]
+ *
+ *  Appends +object+ as one element, even if it is another \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a << [3, 4]
+ *    a1 # => [:foo, "bar", 2, [3, 4]]
+ *
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_push(VALUE ary, VALUE item)
+{
+    long idx = RARRAY_LEN((ary_verify(ary), ary));
+    VALUE target_ary = ary_ensure_room_for_push(ary, 1);
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(target_ary, &ptr[idx], item);
+    });
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary, idx + 1);
+    ary_verify(ary);
     return ary;
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_ary_pop(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_cat(VALUE ary, const VALUE *argv, long len)
 {
+    long oldlen = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    VALUE target_ary = ary_ensure_room_for_push(ary, len);
+    ary_memcpy0(ary, oldlen, len, argv, target_ary);
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary, oldlen + len);
+    return ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.push(*objects) -> self
+ *
+ *  Appends trailing elements.
+ *
+ *  Appends each argument in +objects+ to +self+;  returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.push(:baz, :bat) # => [:foo, "bar", 2, :baz, :bat]
+ *
+ *  Appends each argument as one element, even if it is another \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.push([:baz, :bat], [:bam, :bad])
+ *    a1 # => [:foo, "bar", 2, [:baz, :bat], [:bam, :bad]]
+ *
+ *  Array#append is an alias for Array#push.
+ *
+ *  Related: #pop, #shift, #unshift.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_push_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    return rb_ary_cat(ary, argv, argc);
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_pop(VALUE ary)
+{
+    long n;
     rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0) return Qnil;
-    if (!FL_TEST(ary, ELTS_SHARED) &&
-	    RARRAY(ary)->len * 2 < RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa &&
-	    RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa > ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
-	RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = RARRAY(ary)->len * 2;
-	REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa);
+    n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (n == 0) return Qnil;
+    if (ARY_OWNS_HEAP_P(ary) &&
+        n * 3 < ARY_CAPA(ary) &&
+        ARY_CAPA(ary) > ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE)
+    {
+        ary_resize_capa(ary, n * 2);
     }
-    return RARRAY(ary)->ptr[--RARRAY(ary)->len];
+    --n;
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary, n);
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    return RARRAY_AREF(ary, n);
 }
 
-static void
-ary_make_shared(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.pop -> object or nil
+ *    array.pop(n) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Removes and returns trailing elements.
+ *
+ *  When no argument is given and +self+ is not empty,
+ *  removes and returns the last element:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.pop # => 2
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if the array is empty.
+ *
+ *  When a non-negative \Integer argument +n+ is given and is in range,
+ *
+ *  removes and returns the last +n+ elements in a new \Array:
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.pop(2) # => ["bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is positive and out of range,
+ *  removes and returns all elements:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.pop(50) # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  Related: #push, #shift, #unshift.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_pop_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    if (!FL_TEST(ary, ELTS_SHARED)) {
-	NEWOBJ(shared, struct RArray);
-	OBJSETUP(shared, rb_cArray, T_ARRAY);
+    VALUE result;
 
-	shared->len = RARRAY(ary)->len;
-	shared->ptr = RARRAY(ary)->ptr;
-	shared->aux.capa = RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa;
-	RARRAY(ary)->aux.shared = (VALUE)shared;
-	FL_SET(ary, ELTS_SHARED);
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        return rb_ary_pop(ary);
     }
+
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    result = ary_take_first_or_last(argc, argv, ary, ARY_TAKE_LAST);
+    ARY_INCREASE_LEN(ary, -RARRAY_LEN(result));
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    return result;
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_ary_shift(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_shift(VALUE ary)
 {
     VALUE top;
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
 
-    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0) return Qnil;
-    top = RARRAY(ary)->ptr[0];
-    ary_make_shared(ary);
-    RARRAY(ary)->ptr++;		/* shift ptr */
-    RARRAY(ary)->len--;
+    if (len == 0) {
+        rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+
+    top = RARRAY_AREF(ary, 0);
+
+    rb_ary_behead(ary, 1);
 
     return top;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_unshift(ary, item)
-    VALUE ary, item;
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     array.shift -> object or nil
+ *     array.shift(n) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Removes and returns leading elements.
+ *
+ *  When no argument is given, removes and returns the first element:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.shift # => :foo
+ *    a # => ['bar', 2]
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if +self+ is empty.
+ *
+ *  When positive \Integer argument +n+ is given, removes the first +n+ elements;
+ *  returns those elements in a new \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.shift(2) # => [:foo, 'bar']
+ *    a # => [2]
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is as large as or larger than <tt>self.length</tt>,
+ *  removes all elements; returns those elements in a new \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.shift(3) # => [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is zero, returns a new empty \Array; +self+ is unmodified.
+ *
+ *  Related: #push, #pop, #unshift.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_shift_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa) {
-	long capa_inc = RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa / 2;
-	if (capa_inc < ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
-	    capa_inc = ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE;
-	}
-	RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa += capa_inc;
-	REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa);
+    VALUE result;
+    long n;
+
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        return rb_ary_shift(ary);
     }
 
-    /* sliding items */
-    MEMMOVE(RARRAY(ary)->ptr + 1, RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->len);
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    result = ary_take_first_or_last(argc, argv, ary, ARY_TAKE_FIRST);
+    n = RARRAY_LEN(result);
+    rb_ary_behead(ary,n);
+
+    return result;
+}
 
-    RARRAY(ary)->len++;
-    RARRAY(ary)->ptr[0] = item;
+MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+rb_ary_behead(VALUE ary, long n)
+{
+    if (n <= 0) {
+        return ary;
+    }
+
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+
+    if (!ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary) || RARRAY_LEN(ary) < ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+                MEMMOVE(ptr, ptr + n, VALUE, RARRAY_LEN(ary) - n);
+            }); /* WB: no new reference */
+            ARY_INCREASE_LEN(ary, -n);
+            ary_verify(ary);
+            return ary;
+        }
+
+        ary_mem_clear(ary, 0, n);
+        ary_make_shared(ary);
+    }
+    else if (ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary))) {
+        ary_mem_clear(ary, 0, n);
+    }
+
+    ARY_INCREASE_PTR(ary, n);
+    ARY_INCREASE_LEN(ary, -n);
+    ary_verify(ary);
 
     return ary;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_unshift_m(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+make_room_for_unshift(VALUE ary, const VALUE *head, VALUE *sharedp, int argc, long capa, long len)
 {
-    long len = RARRAY(ary)->len;
-    
-    if (argc <= 0) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number of arguments (at least 1)");
+    if (head - sharedp < argc) {
+        long room = capa - len - argc;
+
+        room -= room >> 4;
+        MEMMOVE((VALUE *)sharedp + argc + room, head, VALUE, len);
+        head = sharedp + argc + room;
     }
+    ARY_SET_PTR(ary, head - argc);
+    assert(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary)));
 
-    /* make rooms by setting the last item */
-    rb_ary_store(ary, len + argc - 1, Qnil);
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    return ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_modify_for_unshift(VALUE ary, int argc)
+{
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    long new_len = len + argc;
+    long capa;
+    const VALUE *head, *sharedp;
+
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    capa = ARY_CAPA(ary);
+    if (capa - (capa >> 6) <= new_len) {
+        ary_double_capa(ary, new_len);
+    }
+
+    /* use shared array for big "queues" */
+    if (new_len > ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE * 4 && !ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+        ary_verify(ary);
+
+        /* make a room for unshifted items */
+        capa = ARY_CAPA(ary);
+        ary_make_shared(ary);
+
+        head = sharedp = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        return make_room_for_unshift(ary, head, (void *)sharedp, argc, capa, len);
+    }
+    else {
+        /* sliding items */
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+            MEMMOVE(ptr + argc, ptr, VALUE, len);
+        });
+
+        ary_verify(ary);
+        return ary;
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_ensure_room_for_unshift(VALUE ary, int argc)
+{
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    long new_len = len + argc;
 
-    /* sliding items */
-    MEMMOVE(RARRAY(ary)->ptr + argc, RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, len);
-    MEMCPY(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, argv, VALUE, argc);
-    
+    if (len > ARY_MAX_SIZE - argc) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too big", new_len);
+    }
+    else if (! ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        return ary_modify_for_unshift(ary, argc);
+    }
+    else {
+        VALUE shared_root = ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
+        long capa = RARRAY_LEN(shared_root);
+
+        if (! ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(shared_root)) {
+            return ary_modify_for_unshift(ary, argc);
+        }
+        else if (new_len > capa) {
+            return ary_modify_for_unshift(ary, argc);
+        }
+        else {
+            const VALUE * head = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+            void *sharedp = (void *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(shared_root);
+
+            rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+            return make_room_for_unshift(ary, head, sharedp, argc, capa, len);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.unshift(*objects) -> self
+ *
+ *  Prepends the given +objects+ to +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.unshift(:bam, :bat) # => [:bam, :bat, :foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  Array#prepend is an alias for Array#unshift.
+ *
+ *  Related: #push, #pop, #shift.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_unshift_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    VALUE target_ary;
+
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+        return ary;
+    }
+
+    target_ary = ary_ensure_room_for_unshift(ary, argc);
+    ary_memcpy0(ary, 0, argc, argv, target_ary);
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary, len + argc);
     return ary;
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_ary_entry(ary, offset)
-    VALUE ary;
-    long offset;
+rb_ary_unshift(VALUE ary, VALUE item)
 {
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0) return Qnil;
+    return rb_ary_unshift_m(1,&item,ary);
+}
 
-    if (offset < 0) {
-	offset += RARRAY(ary)->len;
-    }
-    if (offset < 0 || RARRAY(ary)->len <= offset) {
-	return Qnil;
+/* faster version - use this if you don't need to treat negative offset */
+static inline VALUE
+rb_ary_elt(VALUE ary, long offset)
+{
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (len == 0) return Qnil;
+    if (offset < 0 || len <= offset) {
+        return Qnil;
     }
+    return RARRAY_AREF(ary, offset);
+}
 
-    return RARRAY(ary)->ptr[offset];
+VALUE
+rb_ary_entry(VALUE ary, long offset)
+{
+    return rb_ary_entry_internal(ary, offset);
 }
 
-static VALUE
-rb_ary_subseq(ary, beg, len)
-    VALUE ary;
-    long beg, len;
+VALUE
+rb_ary_subseq_step(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, long step)
 {
-    VALUE klass, ary2;
+    VALUE klass;
+    long alen = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
 
-    if (beg > RARRAY(ary)->len) return Qnil;
+    if (beg > alen) return Qnil;
     if (beg < 0 || len < 0) return Qnil;
 
-    if (beg + len > RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	len = RARRAY(ary)->len - beg;
-	if (len < 0)
-	    len = 0;
+    if (alen < len || alen < beg + len) {
+        len = alen - beg;
     }
-    klass = rb_obj_class(ary);
+    klass = rb_cArray;
     if (len == 0) return ary_new(klass, 0);
-
-    ary_make_shared(ary);
-    ary2 = ary_alloc(klass);
-    RARRAY(ary2)->ptr = RARRAY(ary)->ptr + beg;
-    RARRAY(ary2)->len = len;
-    RARRAY(ary2)->aux.shared = RARRAY(ary)->aux.shared;
-    FL_SET(ary2, ELTS_SHARED);
-
-    return ary2;
+    if (step == 0)
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "slice step cannot be zero");
+    if (step == 1)
+        return ary_make_partial(ary, klass, beg, len);
+    else
+        return ary_make_partial_step(ary, klass, beg, len, step);
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_ary_aref(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_subseq(VALUE ary, long beg, long len)
 {
-    VALUE arg;
-    long beg, len;
+    return rb_ary_subseq_step(ary, beg, len, 1);
+}
+
+static VALUE rb_ary_aref2(VALUE ary, VALUE b, VALUE e);
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array[index] -> object or nil
+ *    array[start, length] -> object or nil
+ *    array[range] -> object or nil
+ *    array[aseq] -> object or nil
+ *    array.slice(index) -> object or nil
+ *    array.slice(start, length) -> object or nil
+ *    array.slice(range) -> object or nil
+ *    array.slice(aseq) -> object or nil
+ *
+ *  Returns elements from +self+; does not modify +self+.
+ *
+ *  When a single \Integer argument +index+ is given, returns the element at offset +index+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[0] # => :foo
+ *    a[2] # => 2
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If +index+ is negative, counts relative to the end of +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[-1] # => 2
+ *    a[-2] # => "bar"
+ *
+ *  If +index+ is out of range, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *  When two \Integer arguments +start+ and +length+ are given,
+ *  returns a new \Array of size +length+ containing successive elements beginning at offset +start+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[0, 2] # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *    a[1, 2] # => ["bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>start + length</tt> is greater than <tt>self.length</tt>,
+ *  returns all elements from offset +start+ to the end:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[0, 4] # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *    a[1, 3] # => ["bar", 2]
+ *    a[2, 2] # => [2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>start == self.size</tt> and <tt>length >= 0</tt>,
+ *  returns a new empty \Array.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is negative, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *  When a single \Range argument +range+ is given,
+ *  treats <tt>range.min</tt> as +start+ above
+ *  and <tt>range.size</tt> as +length+ above:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[0..1] # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *    a[1..2] # => ["bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  Special case: If <tt>range.start == a.size</tt>, returns a new empty \Array.
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.end</tt> is negative, calculates the end index from the end:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[0..-1] # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *    a[0..-2] # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *    a[0..-3] # => [:foo]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.start</tt> is negative, calculates the start index from the end:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[-1..2] # => [2]
+ *    a[-2..2] # => ["bar", 2]
+ *    a[-3..2] # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.start</tt> is larger than the array size, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[4..1] # => nil
+ *    a[4..0] # => nil
+ *    a[4..-1] # => nil
+ *
+ *  When a single Enumerator::ArithmeticSequence argument +aseq+ is given,
+ *  returns an \Array of elements corresponding to the indexes produced by
+ *  the sequence.
+ *
+ *    a = ['--', 'data1', '--', 'data2', '--', 'data3']
+ *    a[(1..).step(2)] # => ["data1", "data2", "data3"]
+ *
+ *  Unlike slicing with range, if the start or the end of the arithmetic sequence
+ *  is larger than array size, throws RangeError.
+ *
+ *    a = ['--', 'data1', '--', 'data2', '--', 'data3']
+ *    a[(1..11).step(2)]
+ *    # RangeError (((1..11).step(2)) out of range)
+ *    a[(7..).step(2)]
+ *    # RangeError (((7..).step(2)) out of range)
+ *
+ *  If given a single argument, and its type is not one of the listed, tries to
+ *  convert it to Integer, and raises if it is impossible:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    # Raises TypeError (no implicit conversion of Symbol into Integer):
+ *    a[:foo]
+ *
+ *  Array#slice is an alias for Array#[].
+ */
 
+VALUE
+rb_ary_aref(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 2);
     if (argc == 2) {
-	beg = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
-	len = NUM2LONG(argv[1]);
-	if (beg < 0) {
-	    beg += RARRAY(ary)->len;
-	}
-	return rb_ary_subseq(ary, beg, len);
+        return rb_ary_aref2(ary, argv[0], argv[1]);
     }
-    if (argc != 1) {
-	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", 0, 0);
+    return rb_ary_aref1(ary, argv[0]);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_aref2(VALUE ary, VALUE b, VALUE e)
+{
+    long beg = NUM2LONG(b);
+    long len = NUM2LONG(e);
+    if (beg < 0) {
+        beg += RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     }
-    arg = argv[0];
+    return rb_ary_subseq(ary, beg, len);
+}
+
+MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+rb_ary_aref1(VALUE ary, VALUE arg)
+{
+    long beg, len, step;
+
     /* special case - speeding up */
     if (FIXNUM_P(arg)) {
-	return rb_ary_entry(ary, FIX2LONG(arg));
+        return rb_ary_entry(ary, FIX2LONG(arg));
     }
-    /* check if idx is Range */
-    switch (rb_range_beg_len(arg, &beg, &len, RARRAY(ary)->len, 0)) {
+    /* check if idx is Range or ArithmeticSequence */
+    switch (rb_arithmetic_sequence_beg_len_step(arg, &beg, &len, &step, RARRAY_LEN(ary), 0)) {
       case Qfalse:
-	break;
+        break;
       case Qnil:
-	return Qnil;
+        return Qnil;
       default:
-	return rb_ary_subseq(ary, beg, len);
+        return rb_ary_subseq_step(ary, beg, len, step);
     }
+
     return rb_ary_entry(ary, NUM2LONG(arg));
 }
 
-static VALUE
-rb_ary_at(ary, pos)
-    VALUE ary, pos;
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.at(index) -> object
+ *
+ *  Returns the element at \Integer offset +index+; does not modify +self+.
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.at(0) # => :foo
+ *    a.at(2) # => 2
+ *
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_at(VALUE ary, VALUE pos)
 {
     return rb_ary_entry(ary, NUM2LONG(pos));
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.first -> object or nil
+ *    array.first(n) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns elements from +self+; does not modify +self+.
+ *
+ *  When no argument is given, returns the first element:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.first # => :foo
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If +self+ is empty, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *  When non-negative \Integer argument +n+ is given,
+ *  returns the first +n+ elements in a new \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.first(2) # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>n >= array.size</tt>, returns all elements:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.first(50) # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>n == 0</tt> returns an new empty \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.first(0) # []
+ *
+ *  Related: #last.
+ */
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_first(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_first(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0) return Qnil;
-    return RARRAY(ary)->ptr[0];
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == 0) return Qnil;
+        return RARRAY_AREF(ary, 0);
+    }
+    else {
+        return ary_take_first_or_last(argc, argv, ary, ARY_TAKE_FIRST);
+    }
 }
 
-static VALUE
-rb_ary_last(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.last  -> object or nil
+ *    array.last(n) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns elements from +self+; +self+ is not modified.
+ *
+ *  When no argument is given, returns the last element:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.last # => 2
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If +self+ is empty, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *  When non-negative \Integer argument +n+ is given,
+ *  returns the last +n+ elements in a new \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.last(2) # => ["bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>n >= array.size</tt>, returns all elements:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.last(50) # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>n == 0</tt>, returns an new empty \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.last(0) # []
+ *
+ *  Related: #first.
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_last(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0) return Qnil;
-    return RARRAY(ary)->ptr[RARRAY(ary)->len-1];
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+        if (len == 0) return Qnil;
+        return RARRAY_AREF(ary, len-1);
+    }
+    else {
+        return ary_take_first_or_last(argc, argv, ary, ARY_TAKE_LAST);
+    }
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.fetch(index) -> element
+ *    array.fetch(index, default_value) -> element
+ *    array.fetch(index) {|index| ... } -> element
+ *
+ *  Returns the element at offset  +index+.
+ *
+ *  With the single \Integer argument +index+,
+ *  returns the element at offset +index+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.fetch(1) # => "bar"
+ *
+ *  If +index+ is negative, counts from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.fetch(-1) # => 2
+ *    a.fetch(-2) # => "bar"
+ *
+ *  With arguments +index+ and +default_value+,
+ *  returns the element at offset +index+ if index is in range,
+ *  otherwise returns +default_value+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.fetch(1, nil) # => "bar"
+ *
+ *  With argument +index+ and a block,
+ *  returns the element at offset +index+ if index is in range
+ *  (and the block is not called); otherwise calls the block with index and returns its return value:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.fetch(1) {|index| raise 'Cannot happen' } # => "bar"
+ *    a.fetch(50) {|index| "Value for #{index}" } # => "Value for 50"
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_fetch(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_fetch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
     VALUE pos, ifnone;
+    long block_given;
     long idx;
 
     rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &pos, &ifnone);
+    block_given = rb_block_given_p();
+    if (block_given && argc == 2) {
+        rb_warn("block supersedes default value argument");
+    }
     idx = NUM2LONG(pos);
 
     if (idx < 0) {
-	idx +=  RARRAY(ary)->len;
+        idx +=  RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     }
-    if (idx < 0 || RARRAY(ary)->len <= idx) {
-	if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-	    if (argc > 1) {
-		rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number of arguments");
-	    }
-	    return rb_yield(pos);
-	}
-	if (argc == 1) {
-	    rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld out of array", idx);
-	}
-	return ifnone;
+    if (idx < 0 || RARRAY_LEN(ary) <= idx) {
+        if (block_given) return rb_yield(pos);
+        if (argc == 1) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld outside of array bounds: %ld...%ld",
+                        idx - (idx < 0 ? RARRAY_LEN(ary) : 0), -RARRAY_LEN(ary), RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+        }
+        return ifnone;
     }
-    return RARRAY(ary)->ptr[idx];
+    return RARRAY_AREF(ary, idx);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.index(object) -> integer or nil
+ *    array.index {|element| ... } -> integer or nil
+ *    array.index -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Returns the index of a specified element.
+ *
+ *  When argument +object+ is given but no block,
+ *  returns the index of the first element +element+
+ *  for which <tt>object == element</tt>:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
+ *    a.index('bar') # => 1
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no such element found.
+ *
+ *  When both argument +object+ and a block are given,
+ *  calls the block with each successive element;
+ *  returns the index of the first element for which the block returns a truthy value:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
+ *    a.index {|element| element == 'bar' } # => 1
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if the block never returns a truthy value.
+ *
+ *  When neither an argument nor a block is given, returns a new Enumerator:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    e = a.index
+ *    e # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:index>
+ *    e.each {|element| element == 'bar' } # => 1
+ *
+ *  Array#find_index is an alias for Array#index.
+ *
+ *  Related: #rindex.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_index(ary, val)
-    VALUE ary;
-    VALUE val;
+rb_ary_index(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
+    VALUE val;
     long i;
 
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	if (rb_equal(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i], val))
-	    return LONG2NUM(i);
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0);
+        for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) {
+                return LONG2NUM(i);
+            }
+        }
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    val = argv[0];
+    if (rb_block_given_p())
+        rb_warn("given block not used");
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        VALUE e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (rb_equal(e, val)) {
+            return LONG2NUM(i);
+        }
     }
     return Qnil;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.rindex(object) -> integer or nil
+ *    array.rindex {|element| ... } -> integer or nil
+ *    array.rindex -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Returns the index of the last element for which <tt>object == element</tt>.
+ *
+ *  When argument +object+ is given but no block, returns the index of the last such element found:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
+ *    a.rindex('bar') # => 3
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no such object found.
+ *
+ *  When a block is given but no argument, calls the block with each successive element;
+ *  returns the index of the last element for which the block returns a truthy value:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
+ *    a.rindex {|element| element == 'bar' } # => 3
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if the block never returns a truthy value.
+ *
+ *  When neither an argument nor a block is given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
+ *    e = a.rindex
+ *    e # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2, "bar"]:rindex>
+ *    e.each {|element| element == 'bar' } # => 3
+ *
+ *  Related: #index.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_rindex(ary, val)
-    VALUE ary;
-    VALUE val;
+rb_ary_rindex(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    long i = RARRAY(ary)->len;
-
+    VALUE val;
+    long i = RARRAY_LEN(ary), len;
+
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0);
+        while (i--) {
+            if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i))))
+                return LONG2NUM(i);
+            if (i > (len = RARRAY_LEN(ary))) {
+                i = len;
+            }
+        }
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    val = argv[0];
+    if (rb_block_given_p())
+        rb_warn("given block not used");
     while (i--) {
-	if (rb_equal(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i], val))
-	    return LONG2NUM(i);
+        VALUE e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (rb_equal(e, val)) {
+            return LONG2NUM(i);
+        }
+        if (i > RARRAY_LEN(ary)) {
+            break;
+        }
     }
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE
-rb_ary_indexes(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+VALUE
+rb_ary_to_ary(VALUE obj)
 {
-    VALUE new_ary;
-    long i;
+    VALUE tmp = rb_check_array_type(obj);
 
-    rb_warn("Array#%s is deprecated; use Array#select",
-	    rb_id2name(rb_frame_last_func()));
-    new_ary = rb_ary_new2(argc);
-    for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
-	rb_ary_push(new_ary, rb_ary_aref(1, argv+i, ary));
-    }
-
-    return new_ary;
+    if (!NIL_P(tmp)) return tmp;
+    return rb_ary_new3(1, obj);
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_to_ary(obj)
-    VALUE obj;
+static void
+rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, const VALUE *rptr, long rlen)
 {
-    if (TYPE(obj) == T_ARRAY) {
-	return obj;
+    long olen;
+    long rofs;
+
+    if (len < 0) rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "negative length (%ld)", len);
+    olen = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (beg < 0) {
+        beg += olen;
+        if (beg < 0) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too small for array; minimum: %ld",
+                     beg - olen, -olen);
+        }
     }
-    if (rb_respond_to(obj, rb_intern("to_ary"))) {
-	return rb_convert_type(obj, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
+    if (olen < len || olen < beg + len) {
+        len = olen - beg;
+    }
+
+    {
+        const VALUE *optr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        rofs = (rptr >= optr && rptr < optr + olen) ? rptr - optr : -1;
+    }
+
+    if (beg >= olen) {
+        VALUE target_ary;
+        if (beg > ARY_MAX_SIZE - rlen) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too big", beg);
+        }
+        target_ary = ary_ensure_room_for_push(ary, rlen-len); /* len is 0 or negative */
+        len = beg + rlen;
+        ary_mem_clear(ary, olen, beg - olen);
+        if (rlen > 0) {
+            if (rofs != -1) rptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary) + rofs;
+            ary_memcpy0(ary, beg, rlen, rptr, target_ary);
+        }
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, len);
+    }
+    else {
+        long alen;
+
+        if (olen - len > ARY_MAX_SIZE - rlen) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too big", olen + rlen - len);
+        }
+        rb_ary_modify(ary);
+        alen = olen + rlen - len;
+        if (alen >= ARY_CAPA(ary)) {
+            ary_double_capa(ary, alen);
+        }
+
+        if (len != rlen) {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr,
+                                     MEMMOVE(ptr + beg + rlen, ptr + beg + len,
+                                             VALUE, olen - (beg + len)));
+            ARY_SET_LEN(ary, alen);
+        }
+        if (rlen > 0) {
+            if (rofs != -1) rptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary) + rofs;
+            /* give up wb-protected ary */
+            RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT_FOR(ARRAY, ary);
+
+            /* do not use RARRAY_PTR() because it can causes GC.
+             * ary can contain T_NONE object because it is not cleared.
+             */
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr,
+                                     MEMMOVE(ptr + beg, rptr, VALUE, rlen));
+        }
     }
-    return rb_ary_new3(1, obj);
 }
 
-static void
-rb_ary_update(ary, beg, len, rpl)
-    VALUE ary;
-    long beg, len;
-    VALUE rpl;
+void
+rb_ary_set_len(VALUE ary, long len)
 {
-    long rlen;
-
-    rpl = (NIL_P(rpl)) ? rb_ary_new2(0) : rb_ary_to_ary(rpl);
-    rlen = RARRAY(rpl)->len;
+    long capa;
 
-    if (len < 0) rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "negative length (%ld)", len);
-    if (beg < 0) {
-	beg += RARRAY(ary)->len;
-	if (beg < 0) {
-	    beg -= RARRAY(ary)->len;
-	    rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld out of array", beg);
-	}
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "can't set length of shared ");
     }
-    if (beg + len > RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	len = RARRAY(ary)->len - beg;
+    if (len > (capa = (long)ARY_CAPA(ary))) {
+        rb_bug("probable buffer overflow: %ld for %ld", len, capa);
     }
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary, len);
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_resize(VALUE ary, long len)
+{
+    long olen;
 
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    if (beg >= RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	len = beg + rlen;
-	if (len >= RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa) {
-	    REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, len);
-	    RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = len;
-	}
-	rb_mem_clear(RARRAY(ary)->ptr + RARRAY(ary)->len, beg - RARRAY(ary)->len);
-	MEMCPY(RARRAY(ary)->ptr + beg, RARRAY(rpl)->ptr, VALUE, rlen);
-	RARRAY(ary)->len = len;
+    olen = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (len == olen) return ary;
+    if (len > ARY_MAX_SIZE) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too big", len);
     }
-    else {
-	long alen;
+    if (len > olen) {
+        if (len >= ARY_CAPA(ary)) {
+            ary_double_capa(ary, len);
+        }
+        ary_mem_clear(ary, olen, len - olen);
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, len);
+    }
+    else if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, len);
+    }
+    else if (len <= ary_embed_capa(ary)) {
+        const VALUE *ptr = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
+        long ptr_capa = ARY_HEAP_SIZE(ary);
+        bool is_malloc_ptr = !ARY_SHARED_P(ary) && !RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary);
 
-	if (beg + len > RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	    len = RARRAY(ary)->len - beg;
-	}
+        FL_UNSET(ary, RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
+        FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
 
-	alen = RARRAY(ary)->len + rlen - len;
-	if (alen >= RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa) {
-	    REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, alen);
-	    RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = alen;
-	}
+        MEMCPY((VALUE *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(ary), ptr, VALUE, len); /* WB: no new reference */
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, len);
 
-	if (len != rlen) {
-	    MEMMOVE(RARRAY(ary)->ptr + beg + rlen, RARRAY(ary)->ptr + beg + len,
-		    VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->len - (beg + len));
-	    RARRAY(ary)->len = alen;
-	}
-	MEMMOVE(RARRAY(ary)->ptr + beg, RARRAY(rpl)->ptr, VALUE, rlen);
+        if (is_malloc_ptr) ruby_sized_xfree((void *)ptr, ptr_capa);
     }
+    else {
+        if (olen > len + ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
+            size_t new_capa = ary_heap_realloc(ary, len);
+            ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, new_capa);
+        }
+        ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, len);
+    }
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    return ary;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_aset(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+ary_aset_by_rb_ary_store(VALUE ary, long key, VALUE val)
+{
+    rb_ary_store(ary, key, val);
+    return val;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_aset_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, VALUE val)
+{
+    VALUE rpl = rb_ary_to_ary(val);
+    rb_ary_splice(ary, beg, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(rpl), RARRAY_LEN(rpl));
+    RB_GC_GUARD(rpl);
+    return val;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array[index] = object -> object
+ *    array[start, length] = object -> object
+ *    array[range] = object -> object
+ *
+ *  Assigns elements in +self+; returns the given +object+.
+ *
+ *  When \Integer argument +index+ is given, assigns +object+ to an element in +self+.
+ *
+ *  If +index+ is non-negative, assigns +object+ the element at offset +index+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[0] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => ["foo", "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If +index+ is greater than <tt>self.length</tt>, extends the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[7] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2, nil, nil, nil, nil, "foo"]
+ *
+ *  If +index+ is negative, counts backwards from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[-1] = 'two' # => "two"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", "two"]
+ *
+ *  When \Integer arguments +start+ and +length+ are given and +object+ is not an \Array,
+ *  removes <tt>length - 1</tt> elements beginning at offset +start+,
+ *  and assigns +object+ at offset +start+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[0, 2] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => ["foo", 2]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is negative, counts backwards from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[-2, 2] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo"]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is non-negative and outside the array (<tt> >= self.size</tt>),
+ *  extends the array with +nil+, assigns +object+ at offset +start+,
+ *  and ignores +length+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[6, 50] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2, nil, nil, nil, "foo"]
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is zero, shifts elements at and following offset +start+
+ *  and assigns +object+ at offset +start+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[1, 0] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo", "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is too large for the existing array, does not extend the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[1, 5] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo"]
+ *
+ *  When \Range argument +range+ is given and +object+ is an \Array,
+ *  removes <tt>length - 1</tt> elements beginning at offset +start+,
+ *  and assigns +object+ at offset +start+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[0..1] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => ["foo", 2]
+ *
+ *  if <tt>range.begin</tt> is negative, counts backwards from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[-2..2] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo"]
+ *
+ *  If the array length is less than <tt>range.begin</tt>,
+ *  assigns +object+ at offset <tt>range.begin</tt>, and ignores +length+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[6..50] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2, nil, nil, nil, "foo"]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.end</tt> is zero, shifts elements at and following offset +start+
+ *  and assigns +object+ at offset +start+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[1..0] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo", "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.end</tt> is negative, assigns +object+ at offset +start+,
+ *  retains <tt>range.end.abs -1</tt> elements past that, and removes those beyond:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[1..-1] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo"]
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[1..-2] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo", 2]
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[1..-3] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo", "bar", 2]
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.end</tt> is too large for the existing array,
+ *  replaces array elements, but does not extend the array with +nil+ values:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a[1..5] = 'foo' # => "foo"
+ *    a # => [:foo, "foo"]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_aset(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
     long offset, beg, len;
 
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 2, 3);
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
     if (argc == 3) {
-	rb_ary_update(ary, NUM2LONG(argv[0]), NUM2LONG(argv[1]), argv[2]);
-	return argv[2];
-    }
-    if (argc != 2) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number of arguments (%d for 2)", argc);
+        beg = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
+        len = NUM2LONG(argv[1]);
+        return ary_aset_by_rb_ary_splice(ary, beg, len, argv[2]);
     }
     if (FIXNUM_P(argv[0])) {
-	offset = FIX2LONG(argv[0]);
-	goto fixnum;
+        offset = FIX2LONG(argv[0]);
+        return ary_aset_by_rb_ary_store(ary, offset, argv[1]);
     }
-    if (rb_range_beg_len(argv[0], &beg, &len, RARRAY(ary)->len, 1)) {
-	/* check if idx is Range */
-	rb_ary_update(ary, beg, len, argv[1]);
-	return argv[1];
+    if (rb_range_beg_len(argv[0], &beg, &len, RARRAY_LEN(ary), 1)) {
+        /* check if idx is Range */
+        return ary_aset_by_rb_ary_splice(ary, beg, len, argv[1]);
     }
 
     offset = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
-fixnum:
-    rb_ary_store(ary, offset, argv[1]);
-    return argv[1];
+    return ary_aset_by_rb_ary_store(ary, offset, argv[1]);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.insert(index, *objects) -> self
+ *
+ *  Inserts given +objects+ before or after the element at \Integer index +offset+;
+ *  returns +self+.
+ *
+ *  When +index+ is non-negative, inserts all given +objects+
+ *  before the element at offset +index+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.insert(1, :bat, :bam) # => [:foo, :bat, :bam, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  Extends the array if +index+ is beyond the array (<tt>index >= self.size</tt>):
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.insert(5, :bat, :bam)
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2, nil, nil, :bat, :bam]
+ *
+ *  Does nothing if no objects given:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.insert(1)
+ *    a.insert(50)
+ *    a.insert(-50)
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  When +index+ is negative, inserts all given +objects+
+ *  _after_ the element at offset <tt>index+self.size</tt>:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.insert(-2, :bat, :bam)
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", :bat, :bam, 2]
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_insert(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_insert(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
     long pos;
 
-    if (argc < 2) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number of arguments (at least 2)");
-    }
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS);
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
     pos = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
+    if (argc == 1) return ary;
     if (pos == -1) {
-	pos = RARRAY(ary)->len;
+        pos = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     }
     else if (pos < 0) {
-	pos++;
+        long minpos = -RARRAY_LEN(ary) - 1;
+        if (pos < minpos) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "index %ld too small for array; minimum: %ld",
+                     pos, minpos);
+        }
+        pos++;
     }
-
-    rb_ary_update(ary, pos, 0, rb_ary_new4(argc - 1, argv + 1));
+    rb_ary_splice(ary, pos, 0, argv + 1, argc - 1);
     return ary;
 }
 
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_length(VALUE ary);
+
+static VALUE
+ary_enum_length(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
+{
+    return rb_ary_length(ary);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.each {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.each -> Enumerator
+ *
+ *  Iterates over array elements.
+ *
+ *  When a block given, passes each successive array element to the block;
+ *  returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.each {|element|  puts "#{element.class} #{element}" }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    Symbol foo
+ *    String bar
+ *    Integer 2
+ *
+ *  Allows the array to be modified during iteration:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.each {|element| puts element; a.clear if element.to_s.start_with?('b') }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    foo
+ *    bar
+ *
+ *  When no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *
+ *    e = a.each
+ *    e # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:each>
+ *    a1 = e.each {|element|  puts "#{element.class} #{element}" }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    Symbol foo
+ *    String bar
+ *    Integer 2
+ *
+ *  Related: #each_index, #reverse_each.
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_each(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_each(VALUE ary)
 {
     long i;
-
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	rb_yield(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]);
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
     }
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.each_index {|index| ... } -> self
+ *    array.each_index -> Enumerator
+ *
+ *  Iterates over array indexes.
+ *
+ *  When a block given, passes each successive array index to the block;
+ *  returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.each_index {|index|  puts "#{index} #{a[index]}" }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    0 foo
+ *    1 bar
+ *    2 2
+ *
+ *  Allows the array to be modified during iteration:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.each_index {|index| puts index; a.clear if index > 0 }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    0
+ *    1
+ *
+ *  When no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    e = a.each_index
+ *    e # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:each_index>
+ *    a1 = e.each {|index|  puts "#{index} #{a[index]}"}
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    0 foo
+ *    1 bar
+ *    2 2
+ *
+ *  Related: #each, #reverse_each.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_each_index(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_each_index(VALUE ary)
 {
     long i;
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
 
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	rb_yield(LONG2NUM(i));
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        rb_yield(LONG2NUM(i));
     }
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.reverse_each {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.reverse_each -> Enumerator
+ *
+ *  Iterates backwards over array elements.
+ *
+ *  When a block given, passes, in reverse order, each element to the block;
+ *  returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.reverse_each {|element|  puts "#{element.class} #{element}" }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    Integer 2
+ *    String bar
+ *    Symbol foo
+ *
+ *  Allows the array to be modified during iteration:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.reverse_each {|element| puts element; a.clear if element.to_s.start_with?('b') }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    2
+ *    bar
+ *
+ *  When no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    e = a.reverse_each
+ *    e # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:reverse_each>
+ *    a1 = e.each {|element|  puts "#{element.class} #{element}" }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    Integer 2
+ *    String bar
+ *    Symbol foo
+ *
+ *  Related: #each, #each_index.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_reverse_each(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_reverse_each(VALUE ary)
 {
-    long len = RARRAY(ary)->len;
+    long len;
 
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     while (len--) {
-	rb_yield(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[len]);
+        long nlen;
+        rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, len));
+        nlen = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+        if (nlen < len) {
+            len = nlen;
+        }
     }
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.length -> an_integer
+ *
+ *  Returns the count of elements in +self+.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_length(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_length(VALUE ary)
 {
-    return LONG2NUM(RARRAY(ary)->len);
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    return LONG2NUM(len);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.empty?  -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if the count of elements in +self+ is zero,
+ *  +false+ otherwise.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_empty_p(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_empty_p(VALUE ary)
 {
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0)
-	return Qtrue;
-    return Qfalse;
+    return RBOOL(RARRAY_LEN(ary) == 0);
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_ary_dup(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_dup(VALUE ary)
 {
-    VALUE dup = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY(ary)->len);
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    VALUE dup = rb_ary_new2(len);
+    ary_memcpy(dup, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary));
+    ARY_SET_LEN(dup, len);
 
-    DUPSETUP(dup, ary);
-    MEMCPY(RARRAY(dup)->ptr, RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->len);
-    RARRAY(dup)->len = RARRAY(ary)->len;
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    ary_verify(dup);
     return dup;
 }
 
-extern VALUE rb_output_fs;
-
-static VALUE
-inspect_join(ary, arg)
-    VALUE ary;
-    VALUE *arg;
+VALUE
+rb_ary_resurrect(VALUE ary)
 {
-    return rb_ary_join(arg[0], arg[1]);
+    return ary_make_partial(ary, rb_cArray, 0, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_join(ary, sep)
-    VALUE ary, sep;
-{
-    long len = 1, i;
-    int taint = Qfalse;
-    VALUE result, tmp;
+extern VALUE rb_output_fs;
 
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0) return rb_str_new(0, 0);
-    if (OBJ_TAINTED(ary) || OBJ_TAINTED(sep)) taint = Qtrue;
+static void ary_join_1(VALUE obj, VALUE ary, VALUE sep, long i, VALUE result, int *first);
 
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	if (TYPE(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]) == T_STRING) {
-	    len += RSTRING(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i])->len;
-	}
-	else {
-	    len += 10;
-	}
+static VALUE
+recursive_join(VALUE obj, VALUE argp, int recur)
+{
+    VALUE *arg = (VALUE *)argp;
+    VALUE ary = arg[0];
+    VALUE sep = arg[1];
+    VALUE result = arg[2];
+    int *first = (int *)arg[3];
+
+    if (recur) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "recursive array join");
     }
-    if (!NIL_P(sep)) {
-	StringValue(sep);
-	len += RSTRING(sep)->len * (RARRAY(ary)->len - 1);
-    }
-    result = rb_str_buf_new(len);
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	tmp = RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i];
-	switch (TYPE(tmp)) {
-	  case T_STRING:
-	    break;
-	  case T_ARRAY:
-	    if (rb_inspecting_p(tmp)) {
-		tmp = rb_str_new2("[...]");
-	    }
-	    else {
-		VALUE args[2];
-
-		args[0] = tmp;
-		args[1] = sep;
-		tmp = rb_protect_inspect(inspect_join, ary, (VALUE)args);
-	    }
-	    break;
-	  default:
-	    tmp = rb_obj_as_string(tmp);
-	}
-	if (i > 0 && !NIL_P(sep))
-	    rb_str_buf_append(result, sep);
-	rb_str_buf_append(result, tmp);
-	if (OBJ_TAINTED(tmp)) taint = Qtrue;
-    }
-
-    if (taint) OBJ_TAINT(result);
-    return result;
+    else {
+        ary_join_1(obj, ary, sep, 0, result, first);
+    }
+    return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE
-rb_ary_join_m(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+static long
+ary_join_0(VALUE ary, VALUE sep, long max, VALUE result)
 {
-    VALUE sep;
+    long i;
+    VALUE val;
 
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &sep);
-    if (NIL_P(sep)) sep = rb_output_fs;
-    
-    return rb_ary_join(ary, sep);
+    if (max > 0) rb_enc_copy(result, RARRAY_AREF(ary, 0));
+    for (i=0; i<max; i++) {
+        val = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (!RB_TYPE_P(val, T_STRING)) break;
+        if (i > 0 && !NIL_P(sep))
+            rb_str_buf_append(result, sep);
+        rb_str_buf_append(result, val);
+    }
+    return i;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_to_s(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+static void
+ary_join_1_str(VALUE dst, VALUE src, int *first)
 {
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0) return rb_str_new(0, 0);
-    
-    return rb_ary_join(ary, rb_output_fs);
+    rb_str_buf_append(dst, src);
+    if (*first) {
+        rb_enc_copy(dst, src);
+        *first = FALSE;
+    }
 }
 
-static ID inspect_key;
-
-struct inspect_arg {
-    VALUE (*func)();
-    VALUE arg1, arg2;
-};
-
-static VALUE
-inspect_call(arg)
-    struct inspect_arg *arg;
+static void
+ary_join_1_ary(VALUE obj, VALUE ary, VALUE sep, VALUE result, VALUE val, int *first)
 {
-    return (*arg->func)(arg->arg1, arg->arg2);
+    if (val == ary) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "recursive array join");
+    }
+    else {
+        VALUE args[4];
+
+        *first = FALSE;
+        args[0] = val;
+        args[1] = sep;
+        args[2] = result;
+        args[3] = (VALUE)first;
+        rb_exec_recursive(recursive_join, obj, (VALUE)args);
+    }
 }
 
-static VALUE
-inspect_ensure(obj)
-    VALUE obj;
+static void
+ary_join_1(VALUE obj, VALUE ary, VALUE sep, long i, VALUE result, int *first)
 {
-    VALUE inspect_tbl;
-
-    inspect_tbl = rb_thread_local_aref(rb_thread_current(), inspect_key);
-    rb_ary_pop(inspect_tbl);
-    return 0;
+    VALUE val, tmp;
+
+    for (; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        if (i > 0 && !NIL_P(sep))
+            rb_str_buf_append(result, sep);
+
+        val = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (RB_TYPE_P(val, T_STRING)) {
+            ary_join_1_str(result, val, first);
+        }
+        else if (RB_TYPE_P(val, T_ARRAY)) {
+            ary_join_1_ary(val, ary, sep, result, val, first);
+        }
+        else if (!NIL_P(tmp = rb_check_string_type(val))) {
+            ary_join_1_str(result, tmp, first);
+        }
+        else if (!NIL_P(tmp = rb_check_array_type(val))) {
+            ary_join_1_ary(val, ary, sep, result, tmp, first);
+        }
+        else {
+            ary_join_1_str(result, rb_obj_as_string(val), first);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_protect_inspect(func, obj, arg)
-    VALUE (*func)(ANYARGS);
-    VALUE obj, arg;
+rb_ary_join(VALUE ary, VALUE sep)
 {
-    struct inspect_arg iarg;
-    VALUE inspect_tbl;
-    VALUE id;
+    long len = 1, i;
+    VALUE val, tmp, result;
+
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == 0) return rb_usascii_str_new(0, 0);
 
-    inspect_tbl = rb_thread_local_aref(rb_thread_current(), inspect_key);
-    if (NIL_P(inspect_tbl)) {
-	inspect_tbl = rb_ary_new();
-	rb_thread_local_aset(rb_thread_current(), inspect_key, inspect_tbl);
+    if (!NIL_P(sep)) {
+        StringValue(sep);
+        len += RSTRING_LEN(sep) * (RARRAY_LEN(ary) - 1);
     }
-    id = rb_obj_id(obj);
-    if (rb_ary_includes(inspect_tbl, id)) {
-	return (*func)(obj, arg);
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        val = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        tmp = rb_check_string_type(val);
+
+        if (NIL_P(tmp) || tmp != val) {
+            int first;
+            long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+            if (i > n) i = n;
+            result = rb_str_buf_new(len + (n-i)*10);
+            rb_enc_associate(result, rb_usascii_encoding());
+            i = ary_join_0(ary, sep, i, result);
+            first = i == 0;
+            ary_join_1(ary, ary, sep, i, result, &first);
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        len += RSTRING_LEN(tmp);
     }
-    rb_ary_push(inspect_tbl, id);
-    iarg.func = func;
-    iarg.arg1 = obj;
-    iarg.arg2 = arg;
 
-    return rb_ensure(inspect_call, (VALUE)&iarg, inspect_ensure, obj);
+    result = rb_str_new(0, len);
+    rb_str_set_len(result, 0);
+
+    ary_join_0(ary, sep, RARRAY_LEN(ary), result);
+
+    return result;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_inspecting_p(obj)
-    VALUE obj;
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.join ->new_string
+ *    array.join(separator = $,) -> new_string
+ *
+ *  Returns the new \String formed by joining the array elements after conversion.
+ *  For each element +element+:
+ *
+ *  - Uses <tt>element.to_s</tt> if +element+ is not a <tt>kind_of?(Array)</tt>.
+ *  - Uses recursive <tt>element.join(separator)</tt> if +element+ is a <tt>kind_of?(Array)</tt>.
+ *
+ *  With no argument, joins using the output field separator, <tt>$,</tt>:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    $, # => nil
+ *    a.join # => "foobar2"
+ *
+ *  With \string argument +separator+, joins using that separator:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.join("\n") # => "foo\nbar\n2"
+ *
+ *  Joins recursively for nested Arrays:
+ *
+ *   a = [:foo, [:bar, [:baz, :bat]]]
+ *   a.join # => "foobarbazbat"
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_join_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    VALUE inspect_tbl;
+    VALUE sep;
 
-    inspect_tbl = rb_thread_local_aref(rb_thread_current(), inspect_key);
-    if (NIL_P(inspect_tbl)) return Qfalse;
-    return rb_ary_includes(inspect_tbl, rb_obj_id(obj));
+    if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) == 0 || NIL_P(sep = argv[0])) {
+        sep = rb_output_fs;
+        if (!NIL_P(sep)) {
+            rb_category_warn(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED, "$, is set to non-nil value");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return rb_ary_join(ary, sep);
 }
 
 static VALUE
-inspect_ary(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+inspect_ary(VALUE ary, VALUE dummy, int recur)
 {
-    int tainted = OBJ_TAINTED(ary);
     long i;
     VALUE s, str;
 
+    if (recur) return rb_usascii_str_new_cstr("[...]");
     str = rb_str_buf_new2("[");
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	s = rb_inspect(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]);
-	if (OBJ_TAINTED(s)) tainted = Qtrue;
-	if (i > 0) rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ", ");
-	rb_str_buf_append(str, s);
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        s = rb_inspect(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
+        if (i > 0) rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ", ");
+        else rb_enc_copy(str, s);
+        rb_str_buf_append(str, s);
     }
     rb_str_buf_cat2(str, "]");
-    if (tainted) OBJ_TAINT(str);
     return str;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.inspect -> new_string
+ *
+ *  Returns the new \String formed by calling method <tt>#inspect</tt>
+ *  on each array element:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.inspect # => "[:foo, \"bar\", 2]"
+ *
+ *  Array#to_s is an alias for Array#inspect.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_inspect(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_inspect(VALUE ary)
 {
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == 0) return rb_str_new2("[]");
-    if (rb_inspecting_p(ary)) return rb_str_new2("[...]");
-    return rb_protect_inspect(inspect_ary, ary, 0);
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == 0) return rb_usascii_str_new2("[]");
+    return rb_exec_recursive(inspect_ary, ary, 0);
 }
 
+VALUE
+rb_ary_to_s(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return rb_ary_inspect(ary);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    to_a -> self or new_array
+ *
+ *  When +self+ is an instance of \Array, returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.to_a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  Otherwise, returns a new \Array containing the elements of +self+:
+ *
+ *    class MyArray < Array; end
+ *    a = MyArray.new(['foo', 'bar', 'two'])
+ *    a.instance_of?(Array) # => false
+ *    a.kind_of?(Array) # => true
+ *    a1 = a.to_a
+ *    a1 # => ["foo", "bar", "two"]
+ *    a1.class # => Array # Not MyArray
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_to_a(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_to_a(VALUE ary)
 {
+    if (rb_obj_class(ary) != rb_cArray) {
+        VALUE dup = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+        rb_ary_replace(dup, ary);
+        return dup;
+    }
     return ary;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_reverse(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.to_h -> new_hash
+ *    array.to_h {|item| ... } -> new_hash
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Hash formed from +self+.
+ *
+ *  When a block is given, calls the block with each array element;
+ *  the block must return a 2-element \Array whose two elements
+ *  form a key-value pair in the returned \Hash:
+ *
+ *    a = ['foo', :bar, 1, [2, 3], {baz: 4}]
+ *    h = a.to_h {|item| [item, item] }
+ *    h # => {"foo"=>"foo", :bar=>:bar, 1=>1, [2, 3]=>[2, 3], {:baz=>4}=>{:baz=>4}}
+ *
+ *  When no block is given, +self+ must be an \Array of 2-element sub-arrays,
+ *  each sub-array is formed into a key-value pair in the new \Hash:
+ *
+ *    [].to_h # => {}
+ *    a = [['foo', 'zero'], ['bar', 'one'], ['baz', 'two']]
+ *    h = a.to_h
+ *    h # => {"foo"=>"zero", "bar"=>"one", "baz"=>"two"}
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_to_h(VALUE ary)
 {
-    VALUE *p1, *p2;
-    VALUE tmp;
+    long i;
+    VALUE hash = rb_hash_new_with_size(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    int block_given = rb_block_given_p();
+
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        const VALUE e = rb_ary_elt(ary, i);
+        const VALUE elt = block_given ? rb_yield_force_blockarg(e) : e;
+        const VALUE key_value_pair = rb_check_array_type(elt);
+        if (NIL_P(key_value_pair)) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong element type %"PRIsVALUE" at %ld (expected array)",
+                     rb_obj_class(elt), i);
+        }
+        if (RARRAY_LEN(key_value_pair) != 2) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong array length at %ld (expected 2, was %ld)",
+                i, RARRAY_LEN(key_value_pair));
+        }
+        rb_hash_aset(hash, RARRAY_AREF(key_value_pair, 0), RARRAY_AREF(key_value_pair, 1));
+    }
+    return hash;
+}
 
-    rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len <= 1) return ary;
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.to_ary -> self
+ *
+ *  Returns +self+.
+ */
 
-    p1 = RARRAY(ary)->ptr;
-    p2 = p1 + RARRAY(ary)->len - 1;	/* points last item */
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_to_ary_m(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return ary;
+}
 
+static void
+ary_reverse(VALUE *p1, VALUE *p2)
+{
     while (p1 < p2) {
-	tmp = *p1;
-	*p1++ = *p2;
-	*p2-- = tmp;
+        VALUE tmp = *p1;
+        *p1++ = *p2;
+        *p2-- = tmp;
     }
+}
 
+VALUE
+rb_ary_reverse(VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE *p2;
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    if (len > 1) {
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, p1, {
+            p2 = p1 + len - 1;	/* points last item */
+            ary_reverse(p1, p2);
+        }); /* WB: no new reference */
+    }
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.reverse! -> self
+ *
+ *  Reverses +self+ in place:
+ *
+ *    a = ['foo', 'bar', 'two']
+ *    a.reverse! # => ["two", "bar", "foo"]
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_reverse_bang(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_reverse_bang(VALUE ary)
 {
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len <= 1) return Qnil;
     return rb_ary_reverse(ary);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.reverse -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array with the elements of +self+ in reverse order:
+ *
+ *    a = ['foo', 'bar', 'two']
+ *    a1 = a.reverse
+ *    a1 # => ["two", "bar", "foo"]
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_reverse_m(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_reverse_m(VALUE ary)
 {
-    return rb_ary_reverse(rb_ary_dup(ary));
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    VALUE dup = rb_ary_new2(len);
+
+    if (len > 0) {
+        const VALUE *p1 = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        VALUE *p2 = (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(dup) + len - 1;
+        do *p2-- = *p1++; while (--len > 0);
+    }
+    ARY_SET_LEN(dup, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    return dup;
 }
 
-static int
-sort_1(a, b)
-    VALUE *a, *b;
+static inline long
+rotate_count(long cnt, long len)
 {
-    VALUE retval = rb_yield(rb_assoc_new(*a, *b));
-    return rb_cmpint(retval);
+    return (cnt < 0) ? (len - (~cnt % len) - 1) : (cnt % len);
 }
 
-static int
-sort_2(ap, bp)
-    VALUE *ap, *bp;
+static void
+ary_rotate_ptr(VALUE *ptr, long len, long cnt)
 {
-    VALUE retval;
-    long a = (long)*ap, b = (long)*bp;
-
-    if (FIXNUM_P(a) && FIXNUM_P(b)) {
-	if (a > b) return 1;
-	if (a < b) return -1;
-	return 0;
+    if (cnt == 1) {
+        VALUE tmp = *ptr;
+        memmove(ptr, ptr + 1, sizeof(VALUE)*(len - 1));
+        *(ptr + len - 1) = tmp;
+    }
+    else if (cnt == len - 1) {
+        VALUE tmp = *(ptr + len - 1);
+        memmove(ptr + 1, ptr, sizeof(VALUE)*(len - 1));
+        *ptr = tmp;
     }
-    if (TYPE(a) == T_STRING && TYPE(b) == T_STRING) {
-	return rb_str_cmp(a, b);
+    else {
+        --len;
+        if (cnt < len) ary_reverse(ptr + cnt, ptr + len);
+        if (--cnt > 0) ary_reverse(ptr, ptr + cnt);
+        if (len > 0) ary_reverse(ptr, ptr + len);
     }
+}
 
-    retval = rb_funcall(a, id_cmp, 1, b);
-    return rb_cmpint(retval);
+VALUE
+rb_ary_rotate(VALUE ary, long cnt)
+{
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+
+    if (cnt != 0) {
+        long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+        if (len > 1 && (cnt = rotate_count(cnt, len)) > 0) {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, ary_rotate_ptr(ptr, len, cnt));
+            return ary;
+        }
+    }
+    return Qnil;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.rotate! -> self
+ *    array.rotate!(count) -> self
+ *
+ *  Rotates +self+ in place by moving elements from one end to the other; returns +self+.
+ *
+ *  When no argument given, rotates the first element to the last position:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
+ *    a.rotate! # => ["bar", 2, "bar", :foo]
+ *
+ *  When given a non-negative \Integer +count+,
+ *  rotates +count+ elements from the beginning to the end:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.rotate!(2)
+ *    a # => [2, :foo, "bar"]
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is large, uses <tt>count % array.size</tt> as the count:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.rotate!(20)
+ *    a # => [2, :foo, "bar"]
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is zero, returns +self+ unmodified:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.rotate!(0)
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  When given a negative Integer +count+, rotates in the opposite direction,
+ *  from end to beginning:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.rotate!(-2)
+ *    a # => ["bar", 2, :foo]
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is small (far from zero), uses <tt>count % array.size</tt> as the count:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.rotate!(-5)
+ *    a # => ["bar", 2, :foo]
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-sort_internal(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_rotate_bang(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    qsort(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, RARRAY(ary)->len, sizeof(VALUE),
-	  rb_block_given_p()?sort_1:sort_2);
+    long n = (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) ? NUM2LONG(argv[0]) : 1);
+    rb_ary_rotate(ary, n);
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.rotate -> new_array
+ *    array.rotate(count) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array formed from +self+ with elements
+ *  rotated from one end to the other.
+ *
+ *  When no argument given, returns a new \Array that is like +self+,
+ *  except that the first element has been rotated to the last position:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
+ *    a1 = a.rotate
+ *    a1 # => ["bar", 2, "bar", :foo]
+ *
+ *  When given a non-negative \Integer +count+,
+ *  returns a new \Array with +count+ elements rotated from the beginning to the end:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.rotate(2)
+ *    a1 # => [2, :foo, "bar"]
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is large, uses <tt>count % array.size</tt> as the count:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.rotate(20)
+ *    a1 # => [2, :foo, "bar"]
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is zero, returns a copy of +self+, unmodified:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.rotate(0)
+ *    a1 # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  When given a negative \Integer +count+, rotates in the opposite direction,
+ *  from end to beginning:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.rotate(-2)
+ *    a1 # => ["bar", 2, :foo]
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is small (far from zero), uses <tt>count % array.size</tt> as the count:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.rotate(-5)
+ *    a1 # => ["bar", 2, :foo]
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-sort_unlock(ary)
+rb_ary_rotate_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE rotated;
+    const VALUE *ptr;
+    long len;
+    long cnt = (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) ? NUM2LONG(argv[0]) : 1);
+
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    rotated = rb_ary_new2(len);
+    if (len > 0) {
+        cnt = rotate_count(cnt, len);
+        ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        len -= cnt;
+        ary_memcpy(rotated, 0, len, ptr + cnt);
+        ary_memcpy(rotated, len, cnt, ptr);
+    }
+    ARY_SET_LEN(rotated, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    return rotated;
+}
+
+struct ary_sort_data {
     VALUE ary;
+    VALUE receiver;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+sort_reentered(VALUE ary)
 {
-    FL_UNSET(ary, ARY_TMPLOCK);
-    return ary;
+    if (RBASIC(ary)->klass) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "sort reentered");
+    }
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+static void
+sort_returned(struct ary_sort_data *data)
+{
+    if (rb_obj_frozen_p(data->receiver)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eFrozenError, "array frozen during sort");
+    }
+    sort_reentered(data->ary);
 }
 
+static int
+sort_1(const void *ap, const void *bp, void *dummy)
+{
+    struct ary_sort_data *data = dummy;
+    VALUE retval = sort_reentered(data->ary);
+    VALUE a = *(const VALUE *)ap, b = *(const VALUE *)bp;
+    VALUE args[2];
+    int n;
+
+    args[0] = a;
+    args[1] = b;
+    retval = rb_yield_values2(2, args);
+    n = rb_cmpint(retval, a, b);
+    sort_returned(data);
+    return n;
+}
+
+static int
+sort_2(const void *ap, const void *bp, void *dummy)
+{
+    struct ary_sort_data *data = dummy;
+    VALUE retval = sort_reentered(data->ary);
+    VALUE a = *(const VALUE *)ap, b = *(const VALUE *)bp;
+    int n;
+
+    if (FIXNUM_P(a) && FIXNUM_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER)) {
+        if ((long)a > (long)b) return 1;
+        if ((long)a < (long)b) return -1;
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (STRING_P(a) && STRING_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(STRING)) {
+        return rb_str_cmp(a, b);
+    }
+    if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT)) {
+        return rb_float_cmp(a, b);
+    }
+
+    retval = rb_funcallv(a, id_cmp, 1, &b);
+    n = rb_cmpint(retval, a, b);
+    sort_returned(data);
+
+    return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.sort! -> self
+ *    array.sort! {|a, b| ... } -> self
+ *
+ *  Returns +self+ with its elements sorted in place.
+ *
+ *  With no block, compares elements using operator <tt><=></tt>
+ *  (see Comparable):
+ *
+ *    a = 'abcde'.split('').shuffle
+ *    a # => ["e", "b", "d", "a", "c"]
+ *    a.sort!
+ *    a # => ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
+ *
+ *  With a block, calls the block with each element pair;
+ *  for each element pair +a+ and +b+, the block should return an integer:
+ *
+ *  - Negative when +b+ is to follow +a+.
+ *  - Zero when +a+ and +b+ are equivalent.
+ *  - Positive when +a+ is to follow +b+.
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    a = 'abcde'.split('').shuffle
+ *    a # => ["e", "b", "d", "a", "c"]
+ *    a.sort! {|a, b| a <=> b }
+ *    a # => ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
+ *    a.sort! {|a, b| b <=> a }
+ *    a # => ["e", "d", "c", "b", "a"]
+ *
+ *  When the block returns zero, the order for +a+ and +b+ is indeterminate,
+ *  and may be unstable:
+ *
+ *    a = 'abcde'.split('').shuffle
+ *    a # => ["e", "b", "d", "a", "c"]
+ *    a.sort! {|a, b| 0 }
+ *    a # => ["d", "e", "c", "a", "b"]
+ *
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_sort_bang(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_sort_bang(VALUE ary)
 {
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len <= 1) return ary;
-
-    FL_SET(ary, ARY_TMPLOCK);	/* prohibit modification during sort */
-    rb_ensure(sort_internal, ary, sort_unlock, ary);
+    assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(ary));
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) > 1) {
+        VALUE tmp = ary_make_substitution(ary); /* only ary refers tmp */
+        struct ary_sort_data data;
+        long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(tmp);
+        data.ary = tmp;
+        data.receiver = ary;
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(tmp, ptr, {
+            ruby_qsort(ptr, len, sizeof(VALUE),
+                       rb_block_given_p()?sort_1:sort_2, &data);
+        }); /* WB: no new reference */
+        rb_ary_modify(ary);
+        if (ARY_EMBED_P(tmp)) {
+            if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) { /* ary might be destructively operated in the given block */
+                rb_ary_unshare(ary);
+                FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
+            }
+            ary_memcpy(ary, 0, ARY_EMBED_LEN(tmp), ARY_EMBED_PTR(tmp));
+            ARY_SET_LEN(ary, ARY_EMBED_LEN(tmp));
+        }
+        else {
+            if (!ARY_EMBED_P(ary) && ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary) == ARY_HEAP_PTR(tmp)) {
+                FL_UNSET_SHARED(ary);
+                ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, RARRAY_LEN(tmp));
+            }
+            else {
+                assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(tmp));
+                if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+                    FL_UNSET_EMBED(ary);
+                }
+                else if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+                    /* ary might be destructively operated in the given block */
+                    rb_ary_unshare(ary);
+                }
+                else {
+                    ary_heap_free(ary);
+                }
+                ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ARY_HEAP_PTR(tmp));
+                ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, len);
+                ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, ARY_HEAP_LEN(tmp));
+            }
+            /* tmp was lost ownership for the ptr */
+            FL_UNSET(tmp, FL_FREEZE);
+            FL_SET_EMBED(tmp);
+            ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(tmp, 0);
+            FL_SET(tmp, FL_FREEZE);
+        }
+        /* tmp will be GC'ed. */
+        RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(tmp, rb_cArray); /* rb_cArray must be marked */
+    }
+    ary_verify(ary);
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.sort -> new_array
+ *    array.sort {|a, b| ... } -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array whose elements are those from +self+, sorted.
+ *
+ *  With no block, compares elements using operator <tt><=></tt>
+ *  (see Comparable):
+ *
+ *    a = 'abcde'.split('').shuffle
+ *    a # => ["e", "b", "d", "a", "c"]
+ *    a1 = a.sort
+ *    a1 # => ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
+ *
+ *  With a block, calls the block with each element pair;
+ *  for each element pair +a+ and +b+, the block should return an integer:
+ *
+ *  - Negative when +b+ is to follow +a+.
+ *  - Zero when +a+ and +b+ are equivalent.
+ *  - Positive when +a+ is to follow +b+.
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    a = 'abcde'.split('').shuffle
+ *    a # => ["e", "b", "d", "a", "c"]
+ *    a1 = a.sort {|a, b| a <=> b }
+ *    a1 # => ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
+ *    a2 = a.sort {|a, b| b <=> a }
+ *    a2 # => ["e", "d", "c", "b", "a"]
+ *
+ *  When the block returns zero, the order for +a+ and +b+ is indeterminate,
+ *  and may be unstable:
+ *
+ *    a = 'abcde'.split('').shuffle
+ *    a # => ["e", "b", "d", "a", "c"]
+ *    a1 = a.sort {|a, b| 0 }
+ *    a1 # =>  ["c", "e", "b", "d", "a"]
+ *
+ *  Related: Enumerable#sort_by.
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_sort(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_sort(VALUE ary)
 {
     ary = rb_ary_dup(ary);
     rb_ary_sort_bang(ary);
     return ary;
 }
 
+static VALUE rb_ary_bsearch_index(VALUE ary);
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.bsearch {|element| ... } -> object
+ *    array.bsearch -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Returns an element from +self+ selected by a binary search.
+ *
+ *  See {Binary Searching}[rdoc-ref:bsearch.rdoc].
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_collect(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_bsearch(VALUE ary)
 {
-    long len, i;
-    VALUE collect;
+    VALUE index_result = rb_ary_bsearch_index(ary);
 
-    if (!rb_block_given_p()) {
-	return rb_ary_new4(RARRAY(ary)->len, RARRAY(ary)->ptr);
+    if (FIXNUM_P(index_result)) {
+        return rb_ary_entry(ary, FIX2LONG(index_result));
     }
+    return index_result;
+}
 
-    len = RARRAY(ary)->len;
-    collect = rb_ary_new2(len);
-    for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
-	rb_ary_push(collect, rb_yield(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]));
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.bsearch_index {|element| ... } -> integer or nil
+ *    array.bsearch_index -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Searches +self+ as described at method #bsearch,
+ *  but returns the _index_ of the found element instead of the element itself.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_bsearch_index(VALUE ary)
+{
+    long low = 0, high = RARRAY_LEN(ary), mid;
+    int smaller = 0, satisfied = 0;
+    VALUE v, val;
+
+    RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0);
+    while (low < high) {
+        mid = low + ((high - low) / 2);
+        val = rb_ary_entry(ary, mid);
+        v = rb_yield(val);
+        if (FIXNUM_P(v)) {
+            if (v == INT2FIX(0)) return INT2FIX(mid);
+            smaller = (SIGNED_VALUE)v < 0; /* Fixnum preserves its sign-bit */
+        }
+        else if (v == Qtrue) {
+            satisfied = 1;
+            smaller = 1;
+        }
+        else if (!RTEST(v)) {
+            smaller = 0;
+        }
+        else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(v, rb_cNumeric)) {
+            const VALUE zero = INT2FIX(0);
+            switch (rb_cmpint(rb_funcallv(v, id_cmp, 1, &zero), v, zero)) {
+              case 0: return INT2FIX(mid);
+              case 1: smaller = 0; break;
+              case -1: smaller = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong argument type %"PRIsVALUE
+                     " (must be numeric, true, false or nil)",
+                     rb_obj_class(v));
+        }
+        if (smaller) {
+            high = mid;
+        }
+        else {
+            low = mid + 1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!satisfied) return Qnil;
+    return INT2FIX(low);
+}
+
+
+static VALUE
+sort_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, dummy))
+{
+    return rb_yield(i);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.sort_by! {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.sort_by! -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Sorts the elements of +self+ in place,
+ *  using an ordering determined by the block; returns self.
+ *
+ *  Calls the block with each successive element;
+ *  sorts elements based on the values returned from the block.
+ *
+ *  For duplicates returned by the block, the ordering is indeterminate, and may be unstable.
+ *
+ *  This example sorts strings based on their sizes:
+ *
+ *    a = ['aaaa', 'bbb', 'cc', 'd']
+ *    a.sort_by! {|element| element.size }
+ *    a # => ["d", "cc", "bbb", "aaaa"]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = ['aaaa', 'bbb', 'cc', 'd']
+ *    a.sort_by! # => #<Enumerator: ["aaaa", "bbb", "cc", "d"]:sort_by!>
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_sort_by_bang(VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE sorted;
+
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    sorted = rb_block_call(ary, rb_intern("sort_by"), 0, 0, sort_by_i, 0);
+    rb_ary_replace(ary, sorted);
+    return ary;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.map {|element| ... } -> new_array
+ *    array.map -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Calls the block, if given, with each element of +self+;
+ *  returns a new \Array whose elements are the return values from the block:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.map {|element| element.class }
+ *    a1 # => [Symbol, String, Integer]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.map
+ *    a1 # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:map>
+ *
+ *  Array#collect is an alias for Array#map.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_collect(VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i;
+    VALUE collect;
+
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    collect = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        rb_ary_push(collect, rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)));
     }
     return collect;
 }
 
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.map! {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.map! -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Calls the block, if given, with each element;
+ *  replaces the element with the block's return value:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.map! { |element| element.class } # => [Symbol, String, Integer]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = a.map!
+ *    a1 # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:map!>
+ *
+ *  Array#collect! is an alias for Array#map!.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_collect_bang(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_collect_bang(VALUE ary)
 {
     long i;
 
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i] = rb_yield(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]);
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        rb_ary_store(ary, i, rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)));
     }
     return ary;
 }
 
+VALUE
+rb_get_values_at(VALUE obj, long olen, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE (*func) (VALUE, long))
+{
+    VALUE result = rb_ary_new2(argc);
+    long beg, len, i, j;
+
+    for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
+        if (FIXNUM_P(argv[i])) {
+            rb_ary_push(result, (*func)(obj, FIX2LONG(argv[i])));
+            continue;
+        }
+        /* check if idx is Range */
+        if (rb_range_beg_len(argv[i], &beg, &len, olen, 1)) {
+            long end = olen < beg+len ? olen : beg+len;
+            for (j = beg; j < end; j++) {
+                rb_ary_push(result, (*func)(obj, j));
+            }
+            if (beg + len > j)
+                rb_ary_resize(result, RARRAY_LEN(result) + (beg + len) - j);
+            continue;
+        }
+        rb_ary_push(result, (*func)(obj, NUM2LONG(argv[i])));
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_select(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+append_values_at_single(VALUE result, VALUE ary, long olen, VALUE idx)
+{
+    long beg, len;
+    if (FIXNUM_P(idx)) {
+        beg = FIX2LONG(idx);
+    }
+    /* check if idx is Range */
+    else if (rb_range_beg_len(idx, &beg, &len, olen, 1)) {
+        if (len > 0) {
+            const VALUE *const src = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+            const long end = beg + len;
+            const long prevlen = RARRAY_LEN(result);
+            if (beg < olen) {
+                rb_ary_cat(result, src + beg, end > olen ? olen-beg : len);
+            }
+            if (end > olen) {
+                rb_ary_store(result, prevlen + len - 1, Qnil);
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+    else {
+        beg = NUM2LONG(idx);
+    }
+    return rb_ary_push(result, rb_ary_entry(ary, beg));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.values_at(*indexes) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array whose elements are the elements
+ *  of +self+ at the given \Integer or \Range +indexes+.
+ *
+ *  For each positive +index+, returns the element at offset +index+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.values_at(0, 2) # => [:foo, 2]
+ *    a.values_at(0..1) # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *
+ *  The given +indexes+ may be in any order, and may repeat:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.values_at(2, 0, 1, 0, 2) # => [2, :foo, "bar", :foo, 2]
+ *    a.values_at(1, 0..2) # => ["bar", :foo, "bar", 2]
+ *
+ *  Assigns +nil+ for an +index+ that is too large:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.values_at(0, 3, 1, 3) # => [:foo, nil, "bar", nil]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new empty \Array if no arguments given.
+ *
+ *  For each negative +index+, counts backward from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.values_at(-1, -3) # => [2, :foo]
+ *
+ *  Assigns +nil+ for an +index+ that is too small:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.values_at(0, -5, 1, -6, 2) # => [:foo, nil, "bar", nil, 2]
+ *
+ *  The given +indexes+ may have a mixture of signs:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.values_at(0, -2, 1, -1) # => [:foo, "bar", "bar", 2]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_values_at(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i, olen = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    VALUE result = rb_ary_new_capa(argc);
+    for (i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
+        append_values_at_single(result, ary, olen, argv[i]);
+    }
+    RB_GC_GUARD(ary);
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.select {|element| ... } -> new_array
+ *    array.select -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Calls the block, if given, with each element of +self+;
+ *  returns a new \Array containing those elements of +self+
+ *  for which the block returns a truthy value:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
+ *    a1 = a.select {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') }
+ *    a1 # => ["bar", :bam]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
+ *    a.select # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2, :bam]:select>
+ *
+ *  Array#filter is an alias for Array#select.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_select(VALUE ary)
 {
     VALUE result;
     long i;
 
-    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-	if (argc > 0) {
-	    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number arguments (%d for 0)", argc);
-	}
-	result = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY(ary)->len);
-	for (i = 0; i < RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	    if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]))) {
-		rb_ary_push(result, RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]);
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    else {
-	result = rb_ary_new2(argc);
-	for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
-	    rb_ary_push(result, rb_ary_entry(ary, NUM2LONG(argv[i])));
-	}
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    result = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) {
+            rb_ary_push(result, rb_ary_elt(ary, i));
+        }
     }
     return result;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_delete(ary, item)
+struct select_bang_arg {
     VALUE ary;
-    VALUE item;
+    long len[2];
+};
+
+static VALUE
+select_bang_i(VALUE a)
 {
+    volatile struct select_bang_arg *arg = (void *)a;
+    VALUE ary = arg->ary;
     long i1, i2;
 
+    for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < RARRAY_LEN(ary); arg->len[0] = ++i1) {
+        VALUE v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i1);
+        if (!RTEST(rb_yield(v))) continue;
+        if (i1 != i2) {
+            rb_ary_store(ary, i2, v);
+        }
+        arg->len[1] = ++i2;
+    }
+    return (i1 == i2) ? Qnil : ary;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+select_bang_ensure(VALUE a)
+{
+    volatile struct select_bang_arg *arg = (void *)a;
+    VALUE ary = arg->ary;
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    long i1 = arg->len[0], i2 = arg->len[1];
+
+    if (i2 < len && i2 < i1) {
+        long tail = 0;
+        rb_ary_modify(ary);
+        if (i1 < len) {
+            tail = len - i1;
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+                    MEMMOVE(ptr + i2, ptr + i1, VALUE, tail);
+                });
+        }
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, i2 + tail);
+    }
+    return ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.select! {|element| ... } -> self or nil
+ *    array.select! -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Calls the block, if given  with each element of +self+;
+ *  removes from +self+ those elements for which the block returns +false+ or +nil+.
+ *
+ *  Returns +self+ if any elements were removed:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
+ *    a.select! {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') } # => ["bar", :bam]
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no elements were removed.
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
+ *    a.select! # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2, :bam]:select!>
+ *
+ *  Array#filter! is an alias for Array#select!.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_select_bang(VALUE ary)
+{
+    struct select_bang_arg args;
+
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < RARRAY(ary)->len; i1++) {
-	if (rb_equal(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i1], item)) continue;
-	if (i1 != i2) {
-	    RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i2] = RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i1];
-	}
-	i2++;
+
+    args.ary = ary;
+    args.len[0] = args.len[1] = 0;
+    return rb_ensure(select_bang_i, (VALUE)&args, select_bang_ensure, (VALUE)&args);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.keep_if {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.keep_if -> new_enumeration
+ *
+ *  Retains those elements for which the block returns a truthy value;
+ *  deletes all other elements; returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
+ *    a.keep_if {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') } # => ["bar", :bam]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
+ *    a.keep_if # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2, :bam]:keep_if>
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_keep_if(VALUE ary)
+{
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    rb_ary_select_bang(ary);
+    return ary;
+}
+
+static void
+ary_resize_smaller(VALUE ary, long len)
+{
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) > len) {
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, len);
+        if (len * 2 < ARY_CAPA(ary) &&
+            ARY_CAPA(ary) > ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
+            ary_resize_capa(ary, len * 2);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.delete(obj) -> deleted_object
+ *    array.delete(obj) {|nosuch| ... } -> deleted_object or block_return
+ *
+ *  Removes zero or more elements from +self+.
+ *
+ *  When no block is given,
+ *  removes from +self+ each element +ele+ such that <tt>ele == obj</tt>;
+ *  returns the last deleted element:
+ *
+ *    s1 = 'bar'; s2 = 'bar'
+ *    a = [:foo, s1, 2, s2]
+ *    a.delete('bar') # => "bar"
+ *    a # => [:foo, 2]
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no elements removed.
+ *
+ *  When a block is given,
+ *  removes from +self+ each element +ele+ such that <tt>ele == obj</tt>.
+ *
+ *  If any such elements are found, ignores the block
+ *  and returns the last deleted element:
+ *
+ *    s1 = 'bar'; s2 = 'bar'
+ *    a = [:foo, s1, 2, s2]
+ *    deleted_obj = a.delete('bar') {|obj| fail 'Cannot happen' }
+ *    a # => [:foo, 2]
+ *
+ *  If no such elements are found, returns the block's return value:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.delete(:nosuch) {|obj| "#{obj} not found" } # => "nosuch not found"
+ *
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_delete(VALUE ary, VALUE item)
+{
+    VALUE v = item;
+    long i1, i2;
+
+    for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i1++) {
+        VALUE e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i1);
+
+        if (rb_equal(e, item)) {
+            v = e;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (i1 != i2) {
+            rb_ary_store(ary, i2, e);
+        }
+        i2++;
     }
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == i2) {
-	if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-	    return rb_yield(item);
-	}
-	return Qnil;
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == i2) {
+        if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+            return rb_yield(item);
+        }
+        return Qnil;
     }
 
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = i2;
-    if (i2 * 2 < RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa &&
-	    RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa > ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
-	REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, i2 * 2);
-	RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = i2 * 2;
+    ary_resize_smaller(ary, i2);
+
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    return v;
+}
+
+void
+rb_ary_delete_same(VALUE ary, VALUE item)
+{
+    long i1, i2;
+
+    for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i1++) {
+        VALUE e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i1);
+
+        if (e == item) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (i1 != i2) {
+            rb_ary_store(ary, i2, e);
+        }
+        i2++;
+    }
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == i2) {
+        return;
     }
 
-    return item;
+    ary_resize_smaller(ary, i2);
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_ary_delete_at(ary, pos)
-    VALUE ary;
-    long pos;
+rb_ary_delete_at(VALUE ary, long pos)
 {
-    long i, len = RARRAY(ary)->len;
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     VALUE del;
 
-    rb_ary_modify(ary);
     if (pos >= len) return Qnil;
     if (pos < 0) {
-	pos += len;
-	if (pos < 0) return Qnil;
-    }
-
-    del = RARRAY(ary)->ptr[pos];
-    for (i = pos + 1; i < len; i++, pos++) {
-	RARRAY(ary)->ptr[pos] = RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i];
+        pos += len;
+        if (pos < 0) return Qnil;
     }
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = pos;
 
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    del = RARRAY_AREF(ary, pos);
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+        MEMMOVE(ptr+pos, ptr+pos+1, VALUE, len-pos-1);
+    });
+    ARY_INCREASE_LEN(ary, -1);
+    ary_verify(ary);
     return del;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.delete_at(index) -> deleted_object or nil
+ *
+ *  Deletes an element from +self+, per the given \Integer +index+.
+ *
+ *  When +index+ is non-negative, deletes the element at offset +index+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.delete_at(1) # => "bar"
+ *    a # => [:foo, 2]
+ *
+ *  If index is too large, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *  When +index+ is negative, counts backward from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.delete_at(-2) # => "bar"
+ *    a # => [:foo, 2]
+ *
+ *  If +index+ is too small (far from zero), returns nil.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_delete_at_m(ary, pos)
-    VALUE ary, pos;
+rb_ary_delete_at_m(VALUE ary, VALUE pos)
 {
     return rb_ary_delete_at(ary, NUM2LONG(pos));
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_slice_bang(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+ary_slice_bang_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long pos, long len)
 {
-    VALUE arg1, arg2;
+    const long orig_len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+    if (len < 0) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    else if (pos < -orig_len) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    else if (pos < 0) {
+        pos += orig_len;
+    }
+    else if (orig_len < pos) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    if (orig_len < pos + len) {
+        len = orig_len - pos;
+    }
+    if (len == 0) {
+        return rb_ary_new2(0);
+    }
+    else {
+        VALUE arg2 = rb_ary_new4(len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary)+pos);
+        rb_ary_splice(ary, pos, len, 0, 0);
+        return arg2;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.slice!(n) -> object or nil
+ *    array.slice!(start, length) -> new_array or nil
+ *    array.slice!(range) -> new_array or nil
+ *
+ *  Removes and returns elements from +self+.
+ *
+ *  When the only argument is an \Integer +n+,
+ *  removes and returns the _nth_ element in +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.slice!(1) # => "bar"
+ *    a # => [:foo, 2]
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is negative, counts backwards from the end of +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.slice!(-1) # => 2
+ *    a # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is out of range, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *  When the only arguments are Integers +start+ and +length+,
+ *  removes +length+ elements from +self+ beginning at offset  +start+;
+ *  returns the deleted objects in a new \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.slice!(0, 2) # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *    a # => [2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>start + length</tt> exceeds the array size,
+ *  removes and returns all elements from offset +start+ to the end:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.slice!(1, 50) # => ["bar", 2]
+ *    a # => [:foo]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>start == a.size</tt> and +length+ is non-negative,
+ *  returns a new empty \Array.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is negative, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *  When the only argument is a \Range object +range+,
+ *  treats <tt>range.min</tt> as +start+ above and <tt>range.size</tt> as +length+ above:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.slice!(1..2) # => ["bar", 2]
+ *    a # => [:foo]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.start == a.size</tt>, returns a new empty \Array.
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.start</tt> is larger than the array size, returns +nil+.
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.end</tt> is negative, counts backwards from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.slice!(0..-2) # => [:foo, "bar"]
+ *    a # => [2]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.start</tt> is negative,
+ *  calculates the start index backwards from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.slice!(-2..2) # => ["bar", 2]
+ *    a # => [:foo]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_slice_bang(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE arg1;
     long pos, len;
 
-    rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &arg1, &arg2) == 2) {
-	pos = NUM2LONG(arg1);
-	len = NUM2LONG(arg2);
-      delete_pos_len:
-	if (pos < 0) {
-	    pos = RARRAY(ary)->len + pos;
-	}
-	arg2 = rb_ary_subseq(ary, pos, len);
-	rb_ary_update(ary, pos, len, Qnil);	/* Qnil/rb_ary_new2(0) */
-	return arg2;
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 2);
+    arg1 = argv[0];
+
+    if (argc == 2) {
+        pos = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
+        len = NUM2LONG(argv[1]);
+        return ary_slice_bang_by_rb_ary_splice(ary, pos, len);
     }
 
-    if (!FIXNUM_P(arg1) && rb_range_beg_len(arg1, &pos, &len, RARRAY(ary)->len, 1)) {
-	goto delete_pos_len;
+    if (!FIXNUM_P(arg1)) {
+        switch (rb_range_beg_len(arg1, &pos, &len, RARRAY_LEN(ary), 0)) {
+          case Qtrue:
+            /* valid range */
+            return ary_slice_bang_by_rb_ary_splice(ary, pos, len);
+          case Qnil:
+            /* invalid range */
+            return Qnil;
+          default:
+            /* not a range */
+            break;
+        }
     }
 
     return rb_ary_delete_at(ary, NUM2LONG(arg1));
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_reject_bang(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+ary_reject(VALUE orig, VALUE result)
 {
+    long i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(orig); i++) {
+        VALUE v = RARRAY_AREF(orig, i);
+
+        if (!RTEST(rb_yield(v))) {
+            rb_ary_push(result, v);
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+reject_bang_i(VALUE a)
+{
+    volatile struct select_bang_arg *arg = (void *)a;
+    VALUE ary = arg->ary;
     long i1, i2;
 
-    rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < RARRAY(ary)->len; i1++) {
-	if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i1]))) continue;
-	if (i1 != i2) {
-	    RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i2] = RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i1];
-	}
-	i2++;
+    for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < RARRAY_LEN(ary); arg->len[0] = ++i1) {
+        VALUE v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i1);
+        if (RTEST(rb_yield(v))) continue;
+        if (i1 != i2) {
+            rb_ary_store(ary, i2, v);
+        }
+        arg->len[1] = ++i2;
     }
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == i2) return Qnil;
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = i2;
+    return (i1 == i2) ? Qnil : ary;
+}
 
-    return ary;
+static VALUE
+ary_reject_bang(VALUE ary)
+{
+    struct select_bang_arg args;
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    args.ary = ary;
+    args.len[0] = args.len[1] = 0;
+    return rb_ensure(reject_bang_i, (VALUE)&args, select_bang_ensure, (VALUE)&args);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.reject! {|element| ... } -> self or nil
+ *    array.reject! -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Removes each element for which the block returns a truthy value.
+ *
+ *  Returns +self+ if any elements removed:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bat']
+ *    a.reject! {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') } # => [:foo, 2]
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no elements removed.
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.reject! # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:reject!>
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_reject(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_reject_bang(VALUE ary)
 {
-    ary = rb_ary_dup(ary);
-    rb_ary_reject_bang(ary);
-    return ary;
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    return ary_reject_bang(ary);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.reject {|element| ... } -> new_array
+ *    array.reject -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array whose elements are all those from +self+
+ *  for which the block returns +false+ or +nil+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bat']
+ *    a1 = a.reject {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') }
+ *    a1 # => [:foo, 2]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *     a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *     a.reject # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:reject>
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_delete_if(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_reject(VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE rejected_ary;
+
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    rejected_ary = rb_ary_new();
+    ary_reject(ary, rejected_ary);
+    return rejected_ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.delete_if {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.delete_if -> Enumerator
+ *
+ *  Removes each element in +self+ for which the block returns a truthy value;
+ *  returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bat']
+ *    a.delete_if {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') } # => [:foo, 2]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.delete_if # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:delete_if>
+ *
+3 */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_delete_if(VALUE ary)
 {
-    rb_ary_reject_bang(ary);
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length);
+    ary_reject_bang(ary);
     return ary;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_zip(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+take_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(val, cbarg))
+{
+    VALUE *args = (VALUE *)cbarg;
+    if (argc > 1) val = rb_ary_new4(argc, argv);
+    rb_ary_push(args[0], val);
+    if (--args[1] == 0) rb_iter_break();
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+take_items(VALUE obj, long n)
+{
+    VALUE result = rb_check_array_type(obj);
+    VALUE args[2];
+
+    if (n == 0) return result;
+    if (!NIL_P(result)) return rb_ary_subseq(result, 0, n);
+    result = rb_ary_new2(n);
+    args[0] = result; args[1] = (VALUE)n;
+    if (UNDEF_P(rb_check_block_call(obj, idEach, 0, 0, take_i, (VALUE)args)))
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong argument type %"PRIsVALUE" (must respond to :each)",
+                 rb_obj_class(obj));
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.zip(*other_arrays) -> new_array
+ *    array.zip(*other_arrays) {|other_array| ... } -> nil
+ *
+ *  When no block given, returns a new \Array +new_array+ of size <tt>self.size</tt>
+ *  whose elements are Arrays.
+ *
+ *  Each nested array <tt>new_array[n]</tt> is of size <tt>other_arrays.size+1</tt>,
+ *  and contains:
+ *
+ *  - The _nth_ element of +self+.
+ *  - The _nth_ element of each of the +other_arrays+.
+ *
+ *  If all +other_arrays+ and +self+ are the same size:
+ *
+ *    a = [:a0, :a1, :a2, :a3]
+ *    b = [:b0, :b1, :b2, :b3]
+ *    c = [:c0, :c1, :c2, :c3]
+ *    d = a.zip(b, c)
+ *    d # => [[:a0, :b0, :c0], [:a1, :b1, :c1], [:a2, :b2, :c2], [:a3, :b3, :c3]]
+ *
+ *  If any array in +other_arrays+ is smaller than +self+,
+ *  fills to <tt>self.size</tt> with +nil+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:a0, :a1, :a2, :a3]
+ *    b = [:b0, :b1, :b2]
+ *    c = [:c0, :c1]
+ *    d = a.zip(b, c)
+ *    d # => [[:a0, :b0, :c0], [:a1, :b1, :c1], [:a2, :b2, nil], [:a3, nil, nil]]
+ *
+ *  If any array in +other_arrays+ is larger than +self+,
+ *  its trailing elements are ignored:
+ *
+ *    a = [:a0, :a1, :a2, :a3]
+ *    b = [:b0, :b1, :b2, :b3, :b4]
+ *    c = [:c0, :c1, :c2, :c3, :c4, :c5]
+ *    d = a.zip(b, c)
+ *    d # => [[:a0, :b0, :c0], [:a1, :b1, :c1], [:a2, :b2, :c2], [:a3, :b3, :c3]]
+ *
+ *  When a block is given, calls the block with each of the sub-arrays (formed as above); returns +nil+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:a0, :a1, :a2, :a3]
+ *    b = [:b0, :b1, :b2, :b3]
+ *    c = [:c0, :c1, :c2, :c3]
+ *    a.zip(b, c) {|sub_array| p sub_array} # => nil
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [:a0, :b0, :c0]
+ *    [:a1, :b1, :c1]
+ *    [:a2, :b2, :c2]
+ *    [:a3, :b3, :c3]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_zip(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
     int i, j;
-    long len;
-    VALUE result;
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    VALUE result = Qnil;
 
-    len = RARRAY(ary)->len;
     for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
-	argv[i] = to_ary(argv[i]);
+        argv[i] = take_items(argv[i], len);
     }
+
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-	for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
-	    VALUE tmp = rb_ary_new2(argc+1);
-
-	    rb_ary_push(tmp, rb_ary_entry(ary, i));
-	    for (j=0; j<argc; j++) {
-		rb_ary_push(tmp, rb_ary_entry(argv[j], i));
-	    }
-	    rb_yield(tmp);
-	}
-	return Qnil;
-    }
-    result = rb_ary_new2(len);
-    for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
-	VALUE tmp = rb_ary_new2(argc+1);
+        int arity = rb_block_arity();
+
+        if (arity > 1) {
+            VALUE work, *tmp;
+
+            tmp = ALLOCV_N(VALUE, work, argc+1);
+
+            for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+                tmp[0] = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+                for (j=0; j<argc; j++) {
+                    tmp[j+1] = rb_ary_elt(argv[j], i);
+                }
+                rb_yield_values2(argc+1, tmp);
+            }
+
+            if (work) ALLOCV_END(work);
+        }
+        else {
+            for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+                VALUE tmp = rb_ary_new2(argc+1);
+
+                rb_ary_push(tmp, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
+                for (j=0; j<argc; j++) {
+                    rb_ary_push(tmp, rb_ary_elt(argv[j], i));
+                }
+                rb_yield(tmp);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        result = rb_ary_new_capa(len);
 
-	rb_ary_push(tmp, rb_ary_entry(ary, i));
-	for (j=0; j<argc; j++) {
-	    rb_ary_push(tmp, rb_ary_entry(argv[j], i));
-	}
-	rb_ary_push(result, tmp);
+        for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
+            VALUE tmp = rb_ary_new_capa(argc+1);
+
+            rb_ary_push(tmp, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
+            for (j=0; j<argc; j++) {
+                rb_ary_push(tmp, rb_ary_elt(argv[j], i));
+            }
+            rb_ary_push(result, tmp);
+        }
     }
+
     return result;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.transpose -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Transposes the rows and columns in an \Array of Arrays;
+ *  the nested Arrays must all be the same size:
+ *
+ *    a = [[:a0, :a1], [:b0, :b1], [:c0, :c1]]
+ *    a.transpose # => [[:a0, :b0, :c0], [:a1, :b1, :c1]]
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_transpose(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_transpose(VALUE ary)
 {
     long elen = -1, alen, i, j;
-    VALUE tmp, result;
+    VALUE tmp, result = 0;
 
-    alen = RARRAY(ary)->len;
+    alen = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     if (alen == 0) return rb_ary_dup(ary);
     for (i=0; i<alen; i++) {
-	tmp = to_ary(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]);
-	if (elen < 0) {		/* first element */
-	    elen = RARRAY(tmp)->len;
-	    result = rb_ary_new2(elen);
-	    for (j=0; j<elen; j++) {
-		rb_ary_store(result, j, rb_ary_new2(alen));
-	    }
-	}
-	else if (elen != RARRAY(tmp)->len) {
-	    rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "element size differ (%d should be %d)",
-		     RARRAY(tmp)->len, elen);
-	}
-	for (j=0; j<elen; j++) {
-	    rb_ary_store(RARRAY(result)->ptr[j], i, RARRAY(tmp)->ptr[j]);
-	}
+        tmp = to_ary(rb_ary_elt(ary, i));
+        if (elen < 0) {		/* first element */
+            elen = RARRAY_LEN(tmp);
+            result = rb_ary_new2(elen);
+            for (j=0; j<elen; j++) {
+                rb_ary_store(result, j, rb_ary_new2(alen));
+            }
+        }
+        else if (elen != RARRAY_LEN(tmp)) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "element size differs (%ld should be %ld)",
+                     RARRAY_LEN(tmp), elen);
+        }
+        for (j=0; j<elen; j++) {
+            rb_ary_store(rb_ary_elt(result, j), i, rb_ary_elt(tmp, j));
+        }
     }
     return result;
 }
 
-static VALUE
-rb_ary_replace(copy, orig)
-    VALUE copy, orig;
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.replace(other_array) -> self
+ *
+ *  Replaces the content of +self+ with the content of +other_array+; returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.replace(['foo', :bar, 3]) # => ["foo", :bar, 3]
+ *
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_replace(VALUE copy, VALUE orig)
 {
-    rb_ary_modify(copy);
+    rb_ary_modify_check(copy);
     orig = to_ary(orig);
     if (copy == orig) return copy;
-    ary_make_shared(orig);
-    if (RARRAY(copy)->ptr && !FL_TEST(copy, ELTS_SHARED))
-	free(RARRAY(copy)->ptr);
-    RARRAY(copy)->ptr = RARRAY(orig)->ptr;
-    RARRAY(copy)->len = RARRAY(orig)->len;
-    RARRAY(copy)->aux.shared = RARRAY(orig)->aux.shared;
-    FL_SET(copy, ELTS_SHARED);
 
+    rb_ary_reset(copy);
+
+    /* orig has enough space to embed the contents of orig. */
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(orig) <= ary_embed_capa(copy)) {
+        assert(ARY_EMBED_P(copy));
+        ary_memcpy(copy, 0, RARRAY_LEN(orig), RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(orig));
+        ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(copy, RARRAY_LEN(orig));
+    }
+#if USE_RVARGC
+    /* orig is embedded but copy does not have enough space to embed the
+     * contents of orig. */
+    else if (ARY_EMBED_P(orig)) {
+        long len = ARY_EMBED_LEN(orig);
+        VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(copy, len);
+
+        FL_UNSET_EMBED(copy);
+        ARY_SET_PTR(copy, ptr);
+        ARY_SET_LEN(copy, len);
+        ARY_SET_CAPA(copy, len);
+
+        // No allocation and exception expected that could leave `copy` in a
+        // bad state from the edits above.
+        ary_memcpy(copy, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(orig));
+    }
+#endif
+    /* Otherwise, orig is on heap and copy does not have enough space to embed
+     * the contents of orig. */
+    else {
+        VALUE shared_root = ary_make_shared(orig);
+        FL_UNSET_EMBED(copy);
+        ARY_SET_PTR(copy, ARY_HEAP_PTR(orig));
+        ARY_SET_LEN(copy, ARY_HEAP_LEN(orig));
+        rb_ary_set_shared(copy, shared_root);
+    }
+    ary_verify(copy);
     return copy;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     array.clear -> self
+ *
+ *  Removes all elements from +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a.clear # => []
+ *
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_clear(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_clear(VALUE ary)
 {
-    rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = 0;
-    if (ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE * 2 < RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa) {
-	REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE * 2);
-	RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE * 2;
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
+        if (!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+            rb_ary_unshare(ary);
+            FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
+            ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, 0);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, 0);
+        if (ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE * 2 < ARY_CAPA(ary)) {
+            ary_resize_capa(ary, ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE * 2);
+        }
     }
+    ary_verify(ary);
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.fill(obj) -> self
+ *    array.fill(obj, start) -> self
+ *    array.fill(obj, start, length) -> self
+ *    array.fill(obj, range) -> self
+ *    array.fill {|index| ... } -> self
+ *    array.fill(start) {|index| ... } -> self
+ *    array.fill(start, length) {|index| ... } -> self
+ *    array.fill(range) {|index| ... } -> self
+ *
+ *  Replaces specified elements in +self+ with specified objects; returns +self+.
+ *
+ *  With argument +obj+ and no block given, replaces all elements with that one object:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *    a.fill(:X) # => [:X, :X, :X, :X]
+ *
+ *  With arguments +obj+ and \Integer +start+, and no block given,
+ *  replaces elements based on the given start.
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is in range (<tt>0 <= start < array.size</tt>),
+ *  replaces all elements from offset +start+ through the end:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, 2) # => ["a", "b", :X, :X]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is too large (<tt>start >= array.size</tt>), does nothing:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, 4) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, 5) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is negative, counts from the end (starting index is <tt>start + array.size</tt>):
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, -2) # => ["a", "b", :X, :X]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is too small (less than and far from zero), replaces all elements:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, -6) # => [:X, :X, :X, :X]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, -50) # => [:X, :X, :X, :X]
+ *
+ *  With arguments +obj+, \Integer +start+, and \Integer +length+, and no block given,
+ *  replaces elements based on the given +start+ and +length+.
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is in range, replaces +length+ elements beginning at offset +start+:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, 1, 1) # => ["a", :X, "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is negative, counts from the end:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, -2, 1) # => ["a", "b", :X, "d"]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is large (<tt>start >= array.size</tt>), extends +self+ with +nil+:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, 5, 0) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d", nil]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, 5, 2) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d", nil, :X, :X]
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is zero or negative, replaces no elements:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, 1, 0) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *    a.fill(:X, 1, -1) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  With arguments +obj+ and \Range +range+, and no block given,
+ *  replaces elements based on the given range.
+ *
+ *  If the range is positive and ascending (<tt>0 < range.begin <= range.end</tt>),
+ *  replaces elements from <tt>range.begin</tt> to <tt>range.end</tt>:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, (1..1)) # => ["a", :X, "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.first</tt> is negative, replaces no elements:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, (-1..1)) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.last</tt> is negative, counts from the end:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, (0..-2)) # => [:X, :X, :X, "d"]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, (1..-2)) # => ["a", :X, :X, "d"]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.last</tt> and <tt>range.last</tt> are both negative,
+ *  both count from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, (-1..-1)) # => ["a", "b", "c", :X]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(:X, (-2..-2)) # => ["a", "b", :X, "d"]
+ *
+ *  With no arguments and a block given, calls the block with each index;
+ *  replaces the corresponding element with the block's return value:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["new_0", "new_1", "new_2", "new_3"]
+ *
+ *  With argument +start+ and a block given, calls the block with each index
+ *  from offset +start+ to the end; replaces the corresponding element
+ *  with the block's return value.
+ *
+ *  If start is in range (<tt>0 <= start < array.size</tt>),
+ *  replaces from offset +start+ to the end:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(1) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "new_1", "new_2", "new_3"]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is too large(<tt>start >= array.size</tt>), does nothing:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(4) { |index| fail 'Cannot happen' } # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(4) { |index| fail 'Cannot happen' } # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is negative, counts from the end:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(-2) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "b", "new_2", "new_3"]
+ *
+ *  If start is too small (<tt>start <= -array.size</tt>, replaces all elements:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(-6) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["new_0", "new_1", "new_2", "new_3"]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(-50) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["new_0", "new_1", "new_2", "new_3"]
+ *
+ *  With arguments +start+ and +length+, and a block given,
+ *  calls the block for each index specified by start length;
+ *  replaces the corresponding element with the block's return value.
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is in range, replaces +length+ elements beginning at offset +start+:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(1, 1) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "new_1", "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If start is negative, counts from the end:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(-2, 1) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "b", "new_2", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If +start+ is large (<tt>start >= array.size</tt>), extends +self+ with +nil+:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(5, 0) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "b", "c", "d", nil]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(5, 2) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "b", "c", "d", nil, "new_5", "new_6"]
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is zero or less, replaces no elements:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(1, 0) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *    a.fill(1, -1) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  With arguments +obj+ and +range+, and a block given,
+ *  calls the block with each index in the given range;
+ *  replaces the corresponding element with the block's return value.
+ *
+ *  If the range is positive and ascending (<tt>range 0 < range.begin <= range.end</tt>,
+ *  replaces elements from <tt>range.begin</tt> to <tt>range.end</tt>:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(1..1) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "new_1", "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If +range.first+ is negative, does nothing:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(-1..1) { |index| fail 'Cannot happen' } # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.last</tt> is negative, counts from the end:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(0..-2) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["new_0", "new_1", "new_2", "d"]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(1..-2) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "new_1", "new_2", "d"]
+ *
+ *  If <tt>range.first</tt> and <tt>range.last</tt> are both negative,
+ *  both count from the end:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(-1..-1) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "b", "c", "new_3"]
+ *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+ *    a.fill(-2..-2) { |index| "new_#{index}" } # => ["a", "b", "new_2", "d"]
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_fill(argc, argv, ary)
-    int argc;
-    VALUE *argv;
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_fill(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    VALUE item, arg1, arg2;
-    long beg, end, len;
-    VALUE *p, *pend;
-    int block_p = Qfalse;
+    VALUE item = Qundef, arg1, arg2;
+    long beg = 0, end = 0, len = 0;
 
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-	block_p = Qtrue;
-	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &arg1, &arg2);
-	argc += 1;		/* hackish */
+        rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &arg1, &arg2);
+        argc += 1;		/* hackish */
     }
     else {
-	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", &item, &arg1, &arg2);
+        rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", &item, &arg1, &arg2);
     }
     switch (argc) {
       case 1:
-	beg = 0;
-	len = RARRAY(ary)->len;
-	break;
+        beg = 0;
+        len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+        break;
       case 2:
-	if (rb_range_beg_len(arg1, &beg, &len, RARRAY(ary)->len, 1)) {
-	    break;
-	}
-	/* fall through */
+        if (rb_range_beg_len(arg1, &beg, &len, RARRAY_LEN(ary), 1)) {
+            break;
+        }
+        /* fall through */
       case 3:
-	beg = NIL_P(arg1) ? 0 : NUM2LONG(arg1);
-	if (beg < 0) {
-	    beg = RARRAY(ary)->len + beg;
-	    if (beg < 0) beg = 0;
-	}
-	len = NIL_P(arg2) ? RARRAY(ary)->len - beg : NUM2LONG(arg2);
-	break;
+        beg = NIL_P(arg1) ? 0 : NUM2LONG(arg1);
+        if (beg < 0) {
+            beg = RARRAY_LEN(ary) + beg;
+            if (beg < 0) beg = 0;
+        }
+        len = NIL_P(arg2) ? RARRAY_LEN(ary) - beg : NUM2LONG(arg2);
+        break;
     }
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
+    if (len < 0) {
+        return ary;
+    }
+    if (beg >= ARY_MAX_SIZE || len > ARY_MAX_SIZE - beg) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "argument too big");
+    }
     end = beg + len;
-    if (end > RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	if (end >= RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa) {
-	    REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, end);
-	    RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = end;
-	}
-	if (beg > RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	    rb_mem_clear(RARRAY(ary)->ptr + RARRAY(ary)->len, end - RARRAY(ary)->len);
-	}
-	RARRAY(ary)->len = end;
-    }
-    p = RARRAY(ary)->ptr + beg;
-    pend = p + len;
-
-    if (block_p) {
-	while (p < pend) {
-	    *p++ = rb_yield(LONG2NUM(beg++));
-	}
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) < end) {
+        if (end >= ARY_CAPA(ary)) {
+            ary_resize_capa(ary, end);
+        }
+        ary_mem_clear(ary, RARRAY_LEN(ary), end - RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+        ARY_SET_LEN(ary, end);
+    }
+
+    if (UNDEF_P(item)) {
+        VALUE v;
+        long i;
+
+        for (i=beg; i<end; i++) {
+            v = rb_yield(LONG2NUM(i));
+            if (i>=RARRAY_LEN(ary)) break;
+            ARY_SET(ary, i, v);
+        }
     }
     else {
-	while (p < pend) {
-	    *p++ = item;
-	}
+        ary_memfill(ary, beg, len, item);
     }
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array + other_array -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing all elements of +array+
+ *  followed by all elements of +other_array+:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1] + [2, 3]
+ *    a # => [0, 1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ *  Related: #concat.
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_plus(x, y)
-    VALUE x, y;
+rb_ary_plus(VALUE x, VALUE y)
 {
     VALUE z;
-    long len;
+    long len, xlen, ylen;
 
     y = to_ary(y);
-    len = RARRAY(x)->len + RARRAY(y)->len;
+    xlen = RARRAY_LEN(x);
+    ylen = RARRAY_LEN(y);
+    len = xlen + ylen;
     z = rb_ary_new2(len);
-    MEMCPY(RARRAY(z)->ptr, RARRAY(x)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(x)->len);
-    MEMCPY(RARRAY(z)->ptr + RARRAY(x)->len, RARRAY(y)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(y)->len);
-    RARRAY(z)->len = len;
+
+    ary_memcpy(z, 0, xlen, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(x));
+    ary_memcpy(z, xlen, ylen, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(y));
+    ARY_SET_LEN(z, len);
     return z;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_concat(x, y)
-    VALUE x, y;
+static VALUE
+ary_append(VALUE x, VALUE y)
 {
-    y = to_ary(y);
-    if (RARRAY(y)->len > 0) {
-	rb_ary_update(x, RARRAY(x)->len, 0, y);
+    long n = RARRAY_LEN(y);
+    if (n > 0) {
+        rb_ary_splice(x, RARRAY_LEN(x), 0, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(y), n);
     }
+    RB_GC_GUARD(y);
     return x;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.concat(*other_arrays) -> self
+ *
+ *  Adds to +array+ all elements from each \Array in +other_arrays+; returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1]
+ *    a.concat([2, 3], [4, 5]) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_times(ary, times)
-    VALUE ary, times;
+rb_ary_concat_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    VALUE ary2;
-    long i, len;
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
 
-    if (TYPE(times) == T_STRING) {
-	return rb_ary_join(ary, times);
+    if (argc == 1) {
+        rb_ary_concat(ary, argv[0]);
     }
-
-    len = NUM2LONG(times);
-    if (len < 0) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative argument");
+    else if (argc > 1) {
+        int i;
+        VALUE args = rb_ary_hidden_new(argc);
+        for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+            rb_ary_concat(args, argv[i]);
+        }
+        ary_append(ary, args);
     }
-    len *= RARRAY(ary)->len;
 
-    ary2 = ary_new(rb_obj_class(ary), len);
-    RARRAY(ary2)->len = len;
+    ary_verify(ary);
+    return ary;
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_concat(VALUE x, VALUE y)
+{
+    return ary_append(x, to_ary(y));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array * n -> new_array
+ *    array * string_separator -> new_string
+ *
+ *  When non-negative argument \Integer +n+ is given,
+ *  returns a new \Array built by concatenating the +n+ copies of +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = ['x', 'y']
+ *    a * 3 # => ["x", "y", "x", "y", "x", "y"]
+ *
+ *  When \String argument +string_separator+ is given,
+ *  equivalent to <tt>array.join(string_separator)</tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, [0, 1], {foo: 0}] * ', ' # => "0, 0, 1, {:foo=>0}"
+ *
+ */
 
-    for (i=0; i<len; i+=RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	MEMCPY(RARRAY(ary2)->ptr+i, RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->len);
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_times(VALUE ary, VALUE times)
+{
+    VALUE ary2, tmp;
+    const VALUE *ptr;
+    long t, len;
+
+    tmp = rb_check_string_type(times);
+    if (!NIL_P(tmp)) {
+        return rb_ary_join(ary, tmp);
     }
-    OBJ_INFECT(ary2, ary);
 
+    len = NUM2LONG(times);
+    if (len == 0) {
+        ary2 = ary_new(rb_cArray, 0);
+        goto out;
+    }
+    if (len < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative argument");
+    }
+    if (ARY_MAX_SIZE/len < RARRAY_LEN(ary)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "argument too big");
+    }
+    len *= RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+    ary2 = ary_new(rb_cArray, len);
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary2, len);
+
+    ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+    t = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (0 < t) {
+        ary_memcpy(ary2, 0, t, ptr);
+        while (t <= len/2) {
+            ary_memcpy(ary2, t, t, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary2));
+            t *= 2;
+        }
+        if (t < len) {
+            ary_memcpy(ary2, t, len-t, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary2));
+        }
+    }
+  out:
     return ary2;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.assoc(obj) -> found_array or nil
+ *
+ *  Returns the first element in +self+ that is an \Array
+ *  whose first element <tt>==</tt> +obj+:
+ *
+ *    a = [{foo: 0}, [2, 4], [4, 5, 6], [4, 5]]
+ *    a.assoc(4) # => [4, 5, 6]
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no such element is found.
+ *
+ *  Related: #rassoc.
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_assoc(ary, key)
-    VALUE ary, key;
+rb_ary_assoc(VALUE ary, VALUE key)
 {
-    VALUE *p, *pend;
+    long i;
+    VALUE v;
 
-    p = RARRAY(ary)->ptr;
-    pend = p + RARRAY(ary)->len;
-    
-    while (p < pend) {
-	if (TYPE(*p) == T_ARRAY &&
-		RARRAY(*p)->len > 0 &&
-		rb_equal(RARRAY(*p)->ptr[0], key))
-	    return *p;
-	p++;
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+        v = rb_check_array_type(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
+        if (!NIL_P(v) && RARRAY_LEN(v) > 0 &&
+            rb_equal(RARRAY_AREF(v, 0), key))
+            return v;
     }
     return Qnil;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.rassoc(obj) -> found_array or nil
+ *
+ *  Returns the first element in +self+ that is an \Array
+ *  whose second element <tt>==</tt> +obj+:
+ *
+ *    a = [{foo: 0}, [2, 4], [4, 5, 6], [4, 5]]
+ *    a.rassoc(4) # => [2, 4]
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no such element is found.
+ *
+ *  Related: #assoc.
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_rassoc(ary, value)
-    VALUE ary, value;
+rb_ary_rassoc(VALUE ary, VALUE value)
 {
-    VALUE *p, *pend;
-
-    p = RARRAY(ary)->ptr;
-    pend = p + RARRAY(ary)->len;
+    long i;
+    VALUE v;
 
-    while (p < pend) {
-	if (TYPE(*p) == T_ARRAY
-	    && RARRAY(*p)->len > 1
-	    && rb_equal(RARRAY(*p)->ptr[1], value))
-	    return *p;
-	p++;
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+        v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (RB_TYPE_P(v, T_ARRAY) &&
+            RARRAY_LEN(v) > 1 &&
+            rb_equal(RARRAY_AREF(v, 1), value))
+            return v;
     }
     return Qnil;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_equal(ary1, ary2)
-    VALUE ary1, ary2;
+recursive_equal(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2, int recur)
 {
-    long i;
+    long i, len1;
+    const VALUE *p1, *p2;
+
+    if (recur) return Qtrue; /* Subtle! */
+
+    /* rb_equal() can evacuate ptrs */
+    p1 = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary1);
+    p2 = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary2);
+    len1 = RARRAY_LEN(ary1);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
+        if (*p1 != *p2) {
+            if (rb_equal(*p1, *p2)) {
+                len1 = RARRAY_LEN(ary1);
+                if (len1 != RARRAY_LEN(ary2))
+                    return Qfalse;
+                if (len1 < i)
+                    return Qtrue;
+                p1 = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary1) + i;
+                p2 = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary2) + i;
+            }
+            else {
+                return Qfalse;
+            }
+        }
+        p1++;
+        p2++;
+    }
+    return Qtrue;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array == other_array -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if both <tt>array.size == other_array.size</tt>
+ *  and for each index +i+ in +array+, <tt>array[i] == other_array[i]</tt>:
+ *
+ *    a0 = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = [:foo, 'bar', 2.0]
+ *    a1 == a0 # => true
+ *    [] == [] # => true
+ *
+ *  Otherwise, returns +false+.
+ *
+ *  This method is different from method Array#eql?,
+ *  which compares elements using <tt>Object#eql?</tt>.
+ */
 
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_equal(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
+{
     if (ary1 == ary2) return Qtrue;
-    if (TYPE(ary2) != T_ARRAY) return Qfalse;
-    if (RARRAY(ary1)->len != RARRAY(ary2)->len) return Qfalse;
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary1)->len; i++) {
-	if (!rb_equal(RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i], RARRAY(ary2)->ptr[i]))
-	    return Qfalse;
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(ary2, T_ARRAY)) {
+        if (!rb_respond_to(ary2, idTo_ary)) {
+            return Qfalse;
+        }
+        return rb_equal(ary2, ary1);
     }
-    return Qtrue;
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) != RARRAY_LEN(ary2)) return Qfalse;
+    if (RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary1) == RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary2)) return Qtrue;
+    return rb_exec_recursive_paired(recursive_equal, ary1, ary2, ary2);
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_eql(ary1, ary2)
-    VALUE ary1, ary2;
+recursive_eql(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2, int recur)
 {
     long i;
 
-    if (TYPE(ary2) != T_ARRAY) return Qfalse;
-    if (RARRAY(ary1)->len != RARRAY(ary2)->len) return Qfalse;
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary1)->len; i++) {
-	if (!rb_eql(RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i], RARRAY(ary2)->ptr[i]))
-	    return Qfalse;
+    if (recur) return Qtrue; /* Subtle! */
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary1); i++) {
+        if (!rb_eql(rb_ary_elt(ary1, i), rb_ary_elt(ary2, i)))
+            return Qfalse;
     }
     return Qtrue;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.eql? other_array -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if +self+ and +other_array+ are the same size,
+ *  and if, for each index +i+ in +self+, <tt>self[i].eql? other_array[i]</tt>:
+ *
+ *    a0 = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1 = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+ *    a1.eql?(a0) # => true
+ *
+ *  Otherwise, returns +false+.
+ *
+ *  This method is different from method Array#==,
+ *  which compares using method <tt>Object#==</tt>.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_hash(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_eql(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
+{
+    if (ary1 == ary2) return Qtrue;
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(ary2, T_ARRAY)) return Qfalse;
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) != RARRAY_LEN(ary2)) return Qfalse;
+    if (RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary1) == RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary2)) return Qtrue;
+    return rb_exec_recursive_paired(recursive_eql, ary1, ary2, ary2);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.hash -> integer
+ *
+ *  Returns the integer hash value for +self+.
+ *
+ *  Two arrays with the same content will have the same hash code (and will compare using eql?):
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].hash == [0, 1, 2].hash # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].hash == [0, 1, 3].hash # => false
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_hash(VALUE ary)
 {
-    long i, h;
+    long i;
+    st_index_t h;
     VALUE n;
 
-    h = RARRAY(ary)->len;
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	h = (h << 1) | (h<0 ? 1 : 0);
-	n = rb_hash(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]);
-	h ^= NUM2LONG(n);
+    h = rb_hash_start(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    h = rb_hash_uint(h, (st_index_t)rb_ary_hash);
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        n = rb_hash(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
+        h = rb_hash_uint(h, NUM2LONG(n));
     }
-    return LONG2FIX(h);
+    h = rb_hash_end(h);
+    return ST2FIX(h);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.include?(obj) -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if for some index +i+ in +self+, <tt>obj == self[i]</tt>;
+ *  otherwise +false+:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].include?(2) # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].include?(3) # => false
+ */
+
 VALUE
-rb_ary_includes(ary, item)
-    VALUE ary;
-    VALUE item;
+rb_ary_includes(VALUE ary, VALUE item)
 {
     long i;
-    
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary)->len; i++) {
-	if (rb_equal(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i], item)) {
-	    return Qtrue;
-	}
+    VALUE e;
+
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (rb_equal(e, item)) {
+            return Qtrue;
+        }
     }
     return Qfalse;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_ary_cmp(ary1, ary2)
-    VALUE ary1, ary2;
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_includes_by_eql(VALUE ary, VALUE item)
+{
+    long i;
+    VALUE e;
+
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (rb_eql(item, e)) {
+            return Qtrue;
+        }
+    }
+    return Qfalse;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+recursive_cmp(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2, int recur)
 {
     long i, len;
 
-    ary2 = to_ary(ary2);
-    len = RARRAY(ary1)->len;
-    if (len > RARRAY(ary2)->len) {
-	len = RARRAY(ary2)->len;
+    if (recur) return Qundef;	/* Subtle! */
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary1);
+    if (len > RARRAY_LEN(ary2)) {
+        len = RARRAY_LEN(ary2);
     }
     for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
-	VALUE v = rb_funcall(RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i], id_cmp, 1, RARRAY(ary2)->ptr[i]);
-	if (v != INT2FIX(0)) {
-	    return v;
-	}
+        VALUE e1 = rb_ary_elt(ary1, i), e2 = rb_ary_elt(ary2, i);
+        VALUE v = rb_funcallv(e1, id_cmp, 1, &e2);
+        if (v != INT2FIX(0)) {
+            return v;
+        }
     }
-    len = RARRAY(ary1)->len - RARRAY(ary2)->len;
+    return Qundef;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array <=> other_array -> -1, 0, or 1
+ *
+ *  Returns -1, 0, or 1 as +self+ is less than, equal to, or greater than +other_array+.
+ *  For each index +i+ in +self+, evaluates <tt>result = self[i] <=> other_array[i]</tt>.
+ *
+ *  Returns -1 if any result is -1:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2] <=> [0, 1, 3] # => -1
+ *
+ *  Returns 1 if any result is 1:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2] <=> [0, 1, 1] # => 1
+ *
+ *  When all results are zero:
+ *
+ *  - Returns -1 if +array+ is smaller than +other_array+:
+ *
+ *      [0, 1, 2] <=> [0, 1, 2, 3] # => -1
+ *
+ *  - Returns 1 if +array+ is larger than +other_array+:
+ *
+ *      [0, 1, 2] <=> [0, 1] # => 1
+ *
+ *  - Returns 0 if +array+ and +other_array+ are the same size:
+ *
+ *      [0, 1, 2] <=> [0, 1, 2] # => 0
+ *
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_cmp(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
+{
+    long len;
+    VALUE v;
+
+    ary2 = rb_check_array_type(ary2);
+    if (NIL_P(ary2)) return Qnil;
+    if (ary1 == ary2) return INT2FIX(0);
+    v = rb_exec_recursive_paired(recursive_cmp, ary1, ary2, ary2);
+    if (!UNDEF_P(v)) return v;
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary1) - RARRAY_LEN(ary2);
     if (len == 0) return INT2FIX(0);
     if (len > 0) return INT2FIX(1);
     return INT2FIX(-1);
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_diff(ary1, ary2)
-    VALUE ary1, ary2;
+ary_add_hash(VALUE hash, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i;
+
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        VALUE elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        rb_hash_add_new_element(hash, elt, elt);
+    }
+    return hash;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+ary_tmp_hash_new(VALUE ary)
+{
+    long size = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    VALUE hash = rb_hash_new_with_size(size);
+
+    RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(hash);
+    return hash;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_make_hash(VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE hash = ary_tmp_hash_new(ary);
+    return ary_add_hash(hash, ary);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_add_hash_by(VALUE hash, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+        VALUE v = rb_ary_elt(ary, i), k = rb_yield(v);
+        rb_hash_add_new_element(hash, k, v);
+    }
+    return hash;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_make_hash_by(VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE hash = ary_tmp_hash_new(ary);
+    return ary_add_hash_by(hash, ary);
+}
+
+static inline void
+ary_recycle_hash(VALUE hash)
+{
+    assert(RBASIC_CLASS(hash) == 0);
+    if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
+        st_table *tbl = RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
+        st_free_table(tbl);
+        RHASH_ST_CLEAR(hash);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array - other_array -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing only those elements from +array+
+ *  that are not found in \Array +other_array+;
+ *  items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>;
+ *  the order from +array+ is preserved:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1] - [1] # => [0, 2, 3]
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3] - [3, 0] # => [1, 2]
+ *    [0, 1, 2] - [4] # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *
+ *  Related: Array#difference.
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_ary_diff(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
 {
     VALUE ary3;
+    VALUE hash;
     long i;
 
     ary2 = to_ary(ary2);
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary2) == 0) { return ary_make_shared_copy(ary1); }
     ary3 = rb_ary_new();
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary1)->len; i++) {
-	if (rb_ary_includes(ary2, RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i])) continue;
-	if (rb_ary_includes(ary3, RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i])) continue;
-	rb_ary_push(ary3, RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i]);
+
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN || RARRAY_LEN(ary2) <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN) {
+        for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary1); i++) {
+            VALUE elt = rb_ary_elt(ary1, i);
+            if (rb_ary_includes_by_eql(ary2, elt)) continue;
+            rb_ary_push(ary3, elt);
+        }
+        return ary3;
     }
+
+    hash = ary_make_hash(ary2);
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary1); i++) {
+        if (rb_hash_stlike_lookup(hash, RARRAY_AREF(ary1, i), NULL)) continue;
+        rb_ary_push(ary3, rb_ary_elt(ary1, i));
+    }
+    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
     return ary3;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.difference(*other_arrays) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing only those elements from +self+
+ *  that are not found in any of the Arrays +other_arrays+;
+ *  items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>;  order from +self+ is preserved:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1].difference([1]) # => [0, 2, 3]
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].difference([3, 0], [1, 3]) # => [2]
+ *    [0, 1, 2].difference([4]) # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *
+ *  Returns a copy of +self+ if no arguments given.
+ *
+ *  Related: Array#-.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-ary_make_hash(ary1, ary2)
-    VALUE ary1, ary2;
+rb_ary_difference_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    VALUE hash = rb_hash_new();
+    VALUE ary_diff;
+    long i, length;
+    volatile VALUE t0;
+    bool *is_hash = ALLOCV_N(bool, t0, argc);
+    ary_diff = rb_ary_new();
+    length = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+        argv[i] = to_ary(argv[i]);
+        is_hash[i] = (length > SMALL_ARRAY_LEN && RARRAY_LEN(argv[i]) > SMALL_ARRAY_LEN);
+        if (is_hash[i]) argv[i] = ary_make_hash(argv[i]);
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        int j;
+        VALUE elt = rb_ary_elt(ary, i);
+        for (j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
+            if (is_hash[j]) {
+                if (rb_hash_stlike_lookup(argv[j], RARRAY_AREF(ary, i), NULL))
+                    break;
+            }
+            else {
+                if (rb_ary_includes_by_eql(argv[j], elt)) break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (j == argc) rb_ary_push(ary_diff, elt);
+    }
+
+    ALLOCV_END(t0);
+
+    return ary_diff;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array & other_array -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing each element found in both +array+ and \Array +other_array+;
+ *  duplicates are omitted; items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3] & [1, 2] # => [1, 2]
+ *    [0, 1, 0, 1] & [0, 1] # => [0, 1]
+ *
+ *  Preserves order from +array+:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2] & [3, 2, 1, 0] # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *
+ *  Related: Array#intersection.
+ */
+
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_and(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
+{
+    VALUE hash, ary3, v;
+    st_data_t vv;
     long i;
 
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary1)->len; i++) {
-	rb_hash_aset(hash, RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i], Qtrue);
+    ary2 = to_ary(ary2);
+    ary3 = rb_ary_new();
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) == 0 || RARRAY_LEN(ary2) == 0) return ary3;
+
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN && RARRAY_LEN(ary2) <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN) {
+        for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary1); i++) {
+            v = RARRAY_AREF(ary1, i);
+            if (!rb_ary_includes_by_eql(ary2, v)) continue;
+            if (rb_ary_includes_by_eql(ary3, v)) continue;
+            rb_ary_push(ary3, v);
+        }
+        return ary3;
     }
-    if (ary2) {
-	for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary2)->len; i++) {
-	    rb_hash_aset(hash, RARRAY(ary2)->ptr[i], Qtrue);
-	}
+
+    hash = ary_make_hash(ary2);
+
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary1); i++) {
+        v = RARRAY_AREF(ary1, i);
+        vv = (st_data_t)v;
+        if (rb_hash_stlike_delete(hash, &vv, 0)) {
+            rb_ary_push(ary3, v);
+        }
     }
-    return hash;
+    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
+
+    return ary3;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.intersection(*other_arrays) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing each element found both in +self+
+ *  and in all of the given Arrays +other_arrays+;
+ *  duplicates are omitted; items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].intersection([0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3]) # => [0, 1]
+ *    [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3].intersection([0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3]) # => [0, 1]
+ *
+ *  Preserves order from +self+:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].intersection([2, 1, 0]) # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *
+ *  Returns a copy of +self+ if no arguments given.
+ *
+ *  Related: Array#&.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_and(ary1, ary2)
-    VALUE ary1, ary2;
+rb_ary_intersection_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE result = rb_ary_dup(ary);
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+        result = rb_ary_and(result, argv[i]);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static int
+ary_hash_orset(st_data_t *key, st_data_t *value, st_data_t arg, int existing)
+{
+    if (existing) return ST_STOP;
+    *key = *value = (VALUE)arg;
+    return ST_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+static void
+rb_ary_union(VALUE ary_union, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i;
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        VALUE elt = rb_ary_elt(ary, i);
+        if (rb_ary_includes_by_eql(ary_union, elt)) continue;
+        rb_ary_push(ary_union, elt);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+rb_ary_union_hash(VALUE hash, VALUE ary2)
+{
+    long i;
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary2); i++) {
+        VALUE elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary2, i);
+        if (!rb_hash_stlike_update(hash, (st_data_t)elt, ary_hash_orset, (st_data_t)elt)) {
+            RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(hash, Qundef, elt);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array | other_array -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns the union of +array+ and \Array +other_array+;
+ *  duplicates are removed; order is preserved;
+ *  items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1] | [2, 3] # => [0, 1, 2, 3]
+ *    [0, 1, 1] | [2, 2, 3] # => [0, 1, 2, 3]
+ *    [0, 1, 2] | [3, 2, 1, 0] # => [0, 1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ *  Related: Array#union.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_or(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
 {
     VALUE hash, ary3;
+
+    ary2 = to_ary(ary2);
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) + RARRAY_LEN(ary2) <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN) {
+        ary3 = rb_ary_new();
+        rb_ary_union(ary3, ary1);
+        rb_ary_union(ary3, ary2);
+        return ary3;
+    }
+
+    hash = ary_make_hash(ary1);
+    rb_ary_union_hash(hash, ary2);
+
+    ary3 = rb_hash_values(hash);
+    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
+    return ary3;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.union(*other_arrays) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array that is the union of +self+ and all given Arrays +other_arrays+;
+ *  duplicates are removed;  order is preserved;  items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].union([4, 5], [6, 7]) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
+ *    [0, 1, 1].union([2, 1], [3, 1]) # => [0, 1, 2, 3]
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].union([3, 2], [1, 0]) # => [0, 1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ *  Returns a copy of +self+ if no arguments given.
+ *
+ *  Related: Array#|.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_union_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    int i;
+    long sum;
+    VALUE hash, ary_union;
+
+    sum = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+        argv[i] = to_ary(argv[i]);
+        sum += RARRAY_LEN(argv[i]);
+    }
+
+    if (sum <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN) {
+        ary_union = rb_ary_new();
+
+        rb_ary_union(ary_union, ary);
+        for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) rb_ary_union(ary_union, argv[i]);
+
+        return ary_union;
+    }
+
+    hash = ary_make_hash(ary);
+    for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) rb_ary_union_hash(hash, argv[i]);
+
+    ary_union = rb_hash_values(hash);
+    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
+    return ary_union;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     ary.intersect?(other_ary)   -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if the array and +other_ary+ have at least one element in
+ *  common, otherwise returns +false+:
+ *
+ *     a = [ 1, 2, 3 ]
+ *     b = [ 3, 4, 5 ]
+ *     c = [ 5, 6, 7 ]
+ *     a.intersect?(b)   #=> true
+ *     a.intersect?(c)   #=> false
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_intersect_p(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
+{
+    VALUE hash, v, result, shorter, longer;
+    st_data_t vv;
     long i;
 
     ary2 = to_ary(ary2);
-    ary3 = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY(ary1)->len < RARRAY(ary2)->len ?
-	    RARRAY(ary1)->len : RARRAY(ary2)->len);
-    hash = ary_make_hash(ary2, 0);
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) == 0 || RARRAY_LEN(ary2) == 0) return Qfalse;
+
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN && RARRAY_LEN(ary2) <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN) {
+        for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary1); i++) {
+            v = RARRAY_AREF(ary1, i);
+            if (rb_ary_includes_by_eql(ary2, v)) return Qtrue;
+        }
+        return Qfalse;
+    }
 
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary1)->len; i++) {
-	VALUE v = RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i];
-	if (st_delete(RHASH(hash)->tbl, &v, 0)) {
-	    rb_ary_push(ary3, RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i]);
-	}
+    shorter = ary1;
+    longer = ary2;
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) > RARRAY_LEN(ary2)) {
+        longer = ary1;
+        shorter = ary2;
     }
 
-    return ary3;
+    hash = ary_make_hash(shorter);
+    result = Qfalse;
+
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(longer); i++) {
+        v = RARRAY_AREF(longer, i);
+        vv = (st_data_t)v;
+        if (rb_hash_stlike_lookup(hash, vv, 0)) {
+            result = Qtrue;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
+
+    return result;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_or(ary1, ary2)
-    VALUE ary1, ary2;
+ary_max_generic(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmax)
 {
-    VALUE hash, ary3;
+    RUBY_ASSERT(i > 0 && i < RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+
+    VALUE v;
+    for (; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+        v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (rb_cmpint(rb_funcallv(vmax, id_cmp, 1, &v), vmax, v) < 0) {
+            vmax = v;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return vmax;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_max_opt_fixnum(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmax)
+{
+    const long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(i > 0 && i < n);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(FIXNUM_P(vmax));
+
+    VALUE v;
+    for (; i < n; ++i) {
+        v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (FIXNUM_P(v)) {
+            if ((long)vmax < (long)v) {
+                vmax = v;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            return ary_max_generic(ary, i, vmax);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return vmax;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_max_opt_float(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmax)
+{
+    const long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(i > 0 && i < n);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(vmax));
+
+    VALUE v;
+    for (; i < n; ++i) {
+        v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(v)) {
+            if (rb_float_cmp(vmax, v) < 0) {
+                vmax = v;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            return ary_max_generic(ary, i, vmax);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return vmax;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_max_opt_string(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmax)
+{
+    const long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(i > 0 && i < n);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(STRING_P(vmax));
+
     VALUE v;
+    for (; i < n; ++i) {
+        v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (STRING_P(v)) {
+            if (rb_str_cmp(vmax, v) < 0) {
+                vmax = v;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            return ary_max_generic(ary, i, vmax);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return vmax;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.max -> element
+ *    array.max {|a, b| ... } -> element
+ *    array.max(n) -> new_array
+ *    array.max(n) {|a, b| ... } -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns one of the following:
+ *
+ *  - The maximum-valued element from +self+.
+ *  - A new \Array of maximum-valued elements selected from +self+.
+ *
+ *  When no block is given, each element in +self+ must respond to method <tt><=></tt>
+ *  with an \Integer.
+ *
+ *  With no argument and no block, returns the element in +self+
+ *  having the maximum value per method <tt><=></tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].max # => 2
+ *
+ *  With an argument \Integer +n+ and no block, returns a new \Array with at most +n+ elements,
+ *  in descending order per method <tt><=></tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].max(3) # => [3, 2, 1]
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].max(6) # => [3, 2, 1, 0]
+ *
+ *  When a block is given, the block must return an \Integer.
+ *
+ *  With a block and no argument, calls the block <tt>self.size-1</tt> times to compare elements;
+ *  returns the element having the maximum value per the block:
+ *
+ *    ['0', '00', '000'].max {|a, b| a.size <=> b.size } # => "000"
+ *
+ *  With an argument +n+ and a block, returns a new \Array with at most +n+ elements,
+ *  in descending order per the block:
+ *
+ *    ['0', '00', '000'].max(2) {|a, b| a.size <=> b.size } # => ["000", "00"]
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_max(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE result = Qundef, v;
+    VALUE num;
     long i;
 
-    ary2 = to_ary(ary2);
-    ary3 = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY(ary1)->len+RARRAY(ary2)->len);
-    hash = ary_make_hash(ary1, ary2);
+    if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) && !NIL_P(num = argv[0]))
+       return rb_nmin_run(ary, num, 0, 1, 1);
 
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary1)->len; i++) {
-	v = RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i];
-	if (st_delete(RHASH(hash)->tbl, &v, 0)) {
-	    rb_ary_push(ary3, RARRAY(ary1)->ptr[i]);
-	}
+    const long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+           v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+           if (UNDEF_P(result) || rb_cmpint(rb_yield_values(2, v, result), v, result) > 0) {
+               result = v;
+           }
+        }
     }
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY(ary2)->len; i++) {
-	v = RARRAY(ary2)->ptr[i];
-	if (st_delete(RHASH(hash)->tbl, &v, 0)) {
-	    rb_ary_push(ary3, RARRAY(ary2)->ptr[i]);
-	}
+    else if (n > 0) {
+        result = RARRAY_AREF(ary, 0);
+        if (n > 1) {
+            if (FIXNUM_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER)) {
+                return ary_max_opt_fixnum(ary, 1, result);
+            }
+            else if (STRING_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(STRING)) {
+                return ary_max_opt_string(ary, 1, result);
+            }
+            else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT)) {
+                return ary_max_opt_float(ary, 1, result);
+            }
+            else {
+                return ary_max_generic(ary, 1, result);
+            }
+        }
     }
-    return ary3;
+    if (UNDEF_P(result)) return Qnil;
+    return result;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_uniq_bang(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+ary_min_generic(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmin)
 {
-    VALUE hash;
-    VALUE *p, *q, *end;
+    RUBY_ASSERT(i > 0 && i < RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+
+    VALUE v;
+    for (; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+        v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (rb_cmpint(rb_funcallv(vmin, id_cmp, 1, &v), vmin, v) > 0) {
+            vmin = v;
+        }
+    }
 
-    rb_ary_modify(ary); 
+    return vmin;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_min_opt_fixnum(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmin)
+{
+    const long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(i > 0 && i < n);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(FIXNUM_P(vmin));
+
+    VALUE a;
+    for (; i < n; ++i) {
+        a = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (FIXNUM_P(a)) {
+            if ((long)vmin > (long)a) {
+                vmin = a;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            return ary_min_generic(ary, i, vmin);
+        }
+    }
 
-    hash = ary_make_hash(ary, 0);
+    return vmin;
+}
 
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == RHASH(hash)->tbl->num_entries) {
-	return Qnil;
+static VALUE
+ary_min_opt_float(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmin)
+{
+    const long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(i > 0 && i < n);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(vmin));
+
+    VALUE a;
+    for (; i < n; ++i) {
+        a = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a)) {
+            if (rb_float_cmp(vmin, a) > 0) {
+                vmin = a;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            return ary_min_generic(ary, i, vmin);
+        }
     }
-    p = q = RARRAY(ary)->ptr;
-    end = p + RARRAY(ary)->len;
-    while (p < end) {
-	VALUE v = *p;
-	if (st_delete(RHASH(hash)->tbl, &v, 0)) {
-	    *q++ = *p;
-	}
-	p++;
+
+    return vmin;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_min_opt_string(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmin)
+{
+    const long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(i > 0 && i < n);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(STRING_P(vmin));
+
+    VALUE a;
+    for (; i < n; ++i) {
+        a = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (STRING_P(a)) {
+            if (rb_str_cmp(vmin, a) > 0) {
+                vmin = a;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            return ary_min_generic(ary, i, vmin);
+        }
     }
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = (q - RARRAY(ary)->ptr);
 
-    return ary;
+    return vmin;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.min -> element
+ *    array.min { |a, b| ... } -> element
+ *    array.min(n) -> new_array
+ *    array.min(n) { |a, b| ... } -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns one of the following:
+ *
+ *  - The minimum-valued element from +self+.
+ *  - A new \Array of minimum-valued elements selected from +self+.
+ *
+ *  When no block is given, each element in +self+ must respond to method <tt><=></tt>
+ *  with an \Integer.
+ *
+ *  With no argument and no block, returns the element in +self+
+ *  having the minimum value per method <tt><=></tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].min # => 0
+ *
+ *  With \Integer argument +n+ and no block, returns a new \Array with at most +n+ elements,
+ *  in ascending order per method <tt><=></tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].min(3) # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].min(6) # => [0, 1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ *  When a block is given, the block must return an Integer.
+ *
+ *  With a block and no argument, calls the block <tt>self.size-1</tt> times to compare elements;
+ *  returns the element having the minimum value per the block:
+ *
+ *    ['0', '00', '000'].min { |a, b| a.size <=> b.size } # => "0"
+ *
+ *  With an argument +n+ and a block, returns a new \Array with at most +n+ elements,
+ *  in ascending order per the block:
+ *
+ *    ['0', '00', '000'].min(2) {|a, b| a.size <=> b.size } # => ["0", "00"]
+ *
+ */
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_uniq(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    ary = rb_ary_dup(ary);
-    rb_ary_uniq_bang(ary);
+    VALUE result = Qundef, v;
+    VALUE num;
+    long i;
+
+    if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) && !NIL_P(num = argv[0]))
+       return rb_nmin_run(ary, num, 0, 0, 1);
+
+    const long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+           v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+           if (UNDEF_P(result) || rb_cmpint(rb_yield_values(2, v, result), v, result) < 0) {
+               result = v;
+           }
+        }
+    }
+    else if (n > 0) {
+        result = RARRAY_AREF(ary, 0);
+        if (n > 1) {
+            if (FIXNUM_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER)) {
+                return ary_min_opt_fixnum(ary, 1, result);
+            }
+            else if (STRING_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(STRING)) {
+                return ary_min_opt_string(ary, 1, result);
+            }
+            else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT)) {
+                return ary_min_opt_float(ary, 1, result);
+            }
+            else {
+                return ary_min_generic(ary, 1, result);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (UNDEF_P(result)) return Qnil;
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.minmax -> [min_val, max_val]
+ *    array.minmax {|a, b| ... } -> [min_val, max_val]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new 2-element \Array containing the minimum and maximum values
+ *  from +self+, either per method <tt><=></tt> or per a given block:.
+ *
+ *  When no block is given, each element in +self+ must respond to method <tt><=></tt>
+ *  with an \Integer;
+ *  returns a new 2-element \Array containing the minimum and maximum values
+ *  from +self+, per method <tt><=></tt>:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].minmax # => [0, 2]
+ *
+ *  When a block is given, the block must return an \Integer;
+ *  the block is called <tt>self.size-1</tt> times to compare elements;
+ *  returns a new 2-element \Array containing the minimum and maximum values
+ *  from +self+, per the block:
+ *
+ *    ['0', '00', '000'].minmax {|a, b| a.size <=> b.size } # => ["0", "000"]
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_minmax(VALUE ary)
+{
+    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+        return rb_call_super(0, NULL);
+    }
+    return rb_assoc_new(rb_ary_min(0, 0, ary), rb_ary_max(0, 0, ary));
+}
+
+static int
+push_value(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t ary)
+{
+    rb_ary_push((VALUE)ary, (VALUE)val);
+    return ST_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.uniq! -> self or nil
+ *    array.uniq! {|element| ... } -> self or nil
+ *
+ *  Removes duplicate elements from +self+, the first occurrence always being retained;
+ *  returns +self+ if any elements removed, +nil+ otherwise.
+ *
+ *  With no block given, identifies and removes elements using method <tt>eql?</tt>
+ *  to compare.
+ *
+ *  Returns +self+ if any elements removed:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2]
+ *    a.uniq! # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no elements removed.
+ *
+ *  With a block given, calls the block for each element;
+ *  identifies (using method <tt>eql?</tt>) and removes
+ *  elements for which the block returns duplicate values.
+ *
+ *  Returns +self+ if any elements removed:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'aa', 'aaa', 'b', 'bb', 'bbb']
+ *    a.uniq! {|element| element.size } # => ['a', 'aa', 'aaa']
+ *
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no elements removed.
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_uniq_bang(VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE hash;
+    long hash_size;
+
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) <= 1)
+        return Qnil;
+    if (rb_block_given_p())
+        hash = ary_make_hash_by(ary);
+    else
+        hash = ary_make_hash(ary);
+
+    hash_size = RHASH_SIZE(hash);
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == hash_size) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    ARY_SET_LEN(ary, 0);
+    if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary) && !ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
+        rb_ary_unshare(ary);
+        FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
+    }
+    ary_resize_capa(ary, hash_size);
+    rb_hash_foreach(hash, push_value, ary);
+    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
+
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.uniq -> new_array
+ *    array.uniq {|element| ... } -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing those elements from +self+ that are not duplicates,
+ *  the first occurrence always being retained.
+ *
+ *  With no block given, identifies and omits duplicates using method <tt>eql?</tt>
+ *  to compare:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2]
+ *    a.uniq # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *
+ *  With a block given, calls the block for each element;
+ *  identifies (using method <tt>eql?</tt>) and omits duplicate values,
+ *  that is, those elements for which the block returns the same value:
+ *
+ *    a = ['a', 'aa', 'aaa', 'b', 'bb', 'bbb']
+ *    a.uniq {|element| element.size } # => ["a", "aa", "aaa"]
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_compact_bang(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_uniq(VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE hash, uniq;
+
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) <= 1) {
+        hash = 0;
+        uniq = rb_ary_dup(ary);
+    }
+    else if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+        hash = ary_make_hash_by(ary);
+        uniq = rb_hash_values(hash);
+    }
+    else {
+        hash = ary_make_hash(ary);
+        uniq = rb_hash_values(hash);
+    }
+    if (hash) {
+        ary_recycle_hash(hash);
+    }
+
+    return uniq;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.compact! -> self or nil
+ *
+ *  Removes all +nil+ elements from +self+.
+ *
+ *  Returns +self+ if any elements removed, otherwise +nil+.
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_compact_bang(VALUE ary)
 {
     VALUE *p, *t, *end;
+    long n;
 
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    p = t = RARRAY(ary)->ptr;
-    end = p + RARRAY(ary)->len;
-    
+    p = t = (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary); /* WB: no new reference */
+    end = p + RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
     while (t < end) {
-	if (NIL_P(*t)) t++;
-	else *p++ = *t++;
+        if (NIL_P(*t)) t++;
+        else *p++ = *t++;
     }
-    if (RARRAY(ary)->len == (p - RARRAY(ary)->ptr)) {
-	return Qnil;
+    n = p - RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == n) {
+        return Qnil;
     }
-    RARRAY(ary)->len = RARRAY(ary)->aux.capa = (p - RARRAY(ary)->ptr);
-    REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->ptr, VALUE, RARRAY(ary)->len);
+    ary_resize_smaller(ary, n);
 
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.compact -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing all non-+nil+ elements from +self+:
+ *
+ *    a = [nil, 0, nil, 1, nil, 2, nil]
+ *    a.compact # => [0, 1, 2]
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_compact(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_compact(VALUE ary)
 {
     ary = rb_ary_dup(ary);
     rb_ary_compact_bang(ary);
     return ary;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.count -> an_integer
+ *    array.count(obj) -> an_integer
+ *    array.count {|element| ... } -> an_integer
+ *
+ *  Returns a count of specified elements.
+ *
+ *  With no argument and no block, returns the count of all elements:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].count # => 3
+ *    [].count # => 0
+ *
+ *  With argument +obj+, returns the count of elements <tt>==</tt> to +obj+:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 0.0].count(0) # => 2
+ *    [0, 1, 2].count(3) # => 0
+ *
+ *  With no argument and a block given, calls the block with each element;
+ *  returns the count of elements for which the block returns a truthy value:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2, 3].count {|element| element > 1} # => 2
+ *
+ *  With argument +obj+ and a block given, issues a warning, ignores the block,
+ *  and returns the count of elements <tt>==</tt> to +obj+.
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_nitems(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_count(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    long n = 0;
-    VALUE *p, *pend;
+    long i, n = 0;
+
+    if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) == 0) {
+        VALUE v;
 
-    p = RARRAY(ary)->ptr;
-    pend = p + RARRAY(ary)->len;
+        if (!rb_block_given_p())
+            return LONG2NUM(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
 
-    while (p < pend) {
-	if (!NIL_P(*p)) n++;
-	p++;
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+            if (RTEST(rb_yield(v))) n++;
+        }
     }
+    else {
+        VALUE obj = argv[0];
+
+        if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+            rb_warn("given block not used");
+        }
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            if (rb_equal(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i), obj)) n++;
+        }
+    }
+
     return LONG2NUM(n);
 }
 
-static long
-flatten(ary, idx, ary2, memo)
-    VALUE ary;
-    long idx;
-    VALUE ary2, memo;
+static VALUE
+flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
 {
-    VALUE id;
-    long i = idx;
-    long n, lim = idx + RARRAY(ary2)->len;
+    long i;
+    VALUE stack, result, tmp = 0, elt, vmemo;
+    st_table *memo = 0;
+    st_data_t id;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        tmp = rb_check_array_type(elt);
+        if (!NIL_P(tmp)) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (i == RARRAY_LEN(ary)) {
+        return ary;
+    }
 
-    id = rb_obj_id(ary2);
-    if (rb_ary_includes(memo, id)) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "tried to flatten recursive array");
+    result = ary_new(0, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    ary_memcpy(result, 0, i, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary));
+    ARY_SET_LEN(result, i);
+
+    stack = ary_new(0, ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE);
+    rb_ary_push(stack, ary);
+    rb_ary_push(stack, LONG2NUM(i + 1));
+
+    if (level < 0) {
+        vmemo = rb_hash_new();
+        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(vmemo);
+        memo = st_init_numtable();
+        rb_hash_st_table_set(vmemo, memo);
+        st_insert(memo, (st_data_t)ary, (st_data_t)Qtrue);
+        st_insert(memo, (st_data_t)tmp, (st_data_t)Qtrue);
     }
-    rb_ary_push(memo, id);
-    rb_ary_update(ary, idx, 1, ary2);
-    while (i < lim) {
-	if (TYPE(RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i]) == T_ARRAY) {
-	    n = flatten(ary, i, RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i], memo);
-	    i += n; lim += n;
-	}
-	i++;
+
+    ary = tmp;
+    i = 0;
+
+    while (1) {
+        while (i < RARRAY_LEN(ary)) {
+            elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i++);
+            if (level >= 0 && RARRAY_LEN(stack) / 2 >= level) {
+                rb_ary_push(result, elt);
+                continue;
+            }
+            tmp = rb_check_array_type(elt);
+            if (RBASIC(result)->klass) {
+                if (memo) {
+                    RB_GC_GUARD(vmemo);
+                    st_clear(memo);
+                }
+                rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "flatten reentered");
+            }
+            if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
+                rb_ary_push(result, elt);
+            }
+            else {
+                if (memo) {
+                    id = (st_data_t)tmp;
+                    if (st_is_member(memo, id)) {
+                        st_clear(memo);
+                        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "tried to flatten recursive array");
+                    }
+                    st_insert(memo, id, (st_data_t)Qtrue);
+                }
+                rb_ary_push(stack, ary);
+                rb_ary_push(stack, LONG2NUM(i));
+                ary = tmp;
+                i = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        if (RARRAY_LEN(stack) == 0) {
+            break;
+        }
+        if (memo) {
+            id = (st_data_t)ary;
+            st_delete(memo, &id, 0);
+        }
+        tmp = rb_ary_pop(stack);
+        i = NUM2LONG(tmp);
+        ary = rb_ary_pop(stack);
     }
-    rb_ary_pop(memo);
 
-    return lim - idx - 1;	/* returns number of increased items */
+    if (memo) {
+        st_clear(memo);
+    }
+
+    RBASIC_SET_CLASS(result, rb_cArray);
+    return result;
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.flatten! -> self or nil
+ *    array.flatten!(level) -> self or nil
+ *
+ *  Replaces each nested \Array in +self+ with the elements from that \Array;
+ *  returns +self+ if any changes, +nil+ otherwise.
+ *
+ *  With non-negative \Integer argument +level+, flattens recursively through +level+ levels:
+ *
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten!(1) # => [0, 1, [2, 3], 4, 5]
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten!(2) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten!(3) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    [0, 1, 2].flatten!(1) # => nil
+ *
+ *  With no argument, a +nil+ argument, or with negative argument +level+, flattens all levels:
+ *
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten! # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    [0, 1, 2].flatten! # => nil
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten!(-1) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten!(-2) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    [0, 1, 2].flatten!(-1) # => nil
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_flatten_bang(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_flatten_bang(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    long i = 0;
-    int mod = 0;
-    VALUE memo = Qnil;
+    int mod = 0, level = -1;
+    VALUE result, lv;
+
+    lv = (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) ? argv[0] : Qnil);
+    rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
+    if (!NIL_P(lv)) level = NUM2INT(lv);
+    if (level == 0) return Qnil;
+
+    result = flatten(ary, level);
+    if (result == ary) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    if (!(mod = ARY_EMBED_P(result))) rb_obj_freeze(result);
+    rb_ary_replace(ary, result);
+    if (mod) ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(result, 0);
+
+    return ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.flatten -> new_array
+ *    array.flatten(level) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array that is a recursive flattening of +self+:
+ *  - Each non-Array element is unchanged.
+ *  - Each \Array is replaced by its individual elements.
+ *
+ *  With non-negative \Integer argument +level+, flattens recursively through +level+ levels:
+ *
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten(0) # => [0, [1, [2, 3], 4], 5]
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten(1) # => [0, 1, [2, 3], 4, 5]
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten(2) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten(3) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ *  With no argument, a +nil+ argument, or with negative argument +level+, flattens all levels:
+ *
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    [0, 1, 2].flatten # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten(-1) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
+ *    a.flatten(-2) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    [0, 1, 2].flatten(-1) # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_flatten(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    int level = -1;
+    VALUE result;
+
+    if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) && !NIL_P(argv[0])) {
+        level = NUM2INT(argv[0]);
+        if (level == 0) return ary_make_shared_copy(ary);
+    }
+
+    result = flatten(ary, level);
+    if (result == ary) {
+        result = ary_make_shared_copy(ary);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+#define RAND_UPTO(max) (long)rb_random_ulong_limited((randgen), (max)-1)
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_shuffle_bang(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE ary, VALUE randgen)
+{
+    long i, len;
 
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    while (i<RARRAY(ary)->len) {
-	VALUE ary2 = RARRAY(ary)->ptr[i];
-
-	if (TYPE(ary2) == T_ARRAY) {
-	    if (NIL_P(memo)) {
-		memo = rb_ary_new();
-	    }
-	    i += flatten(ary, i, ary2, memo);
-	    mod = 1;
-	}
-	i++;
-    }
-    if (mod == 0) return Qnil;
+    i = len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
+        while (i) {
+            long j = RAND_UPTO(i);
+            VALUE tmp;
+            if (len != RARRAY_LEN(ary) || ptr != RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary)) {
+                rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "modified during shuffle");
+            }
+            tmp = ptr[--i];
+            ptr[i] = ptr[j];
+            ptr[j] = tmp;
+        }
+    }); /* WB: no new reference */
     return ary;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ary_flatten(ary)
-    VALUE ary;
+rb_ary_shuffle(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE ary, VALUE randgen)
 {
     ary = rb_ary_dup(ary);
-    rb_ary_flatten_bang(ary);
+    rb_ary_shuffle_bang(ec, ary, randgen);
     return ary;
 }
 
+static VALUE
+ary_sample(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE ary, VALUE randgen, VALUE nv, VALUE to_array)
+{
+    VALUE result;
+    long n, len, i, j, k, idx[10];
+    long rnds[numberof(idx)];
+    long memo_threshold;
+
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (!to_array) {
+        if (len < 2)
+            i = 0;
+        else
+            i = RAND_UPTO(len);
+
+        return rb_ary_elt(ary, i);
+    }
+    n = NUM2LONG(nv);
+    if (n < 0) rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative sample number");
+    if (n > len) n = len;
+    if (n <= numberof(idx)) {
+        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+            rnds[i] = RAND_UPTO(len - i);
+        }
+    }
+    k = len;
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (len < k && n <= numberof(idx)) {
+        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+            if (rnds[i] >= len) return rb_ary_new_capa(0);
+        }
+    }
+    if (n > len) n = len;
+    switch (n) {
+      case 0:
+        return rb_ary_new_capa(0);
+      case 1:
+        i = rnds[0];
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
+      case 2:
+        i = rnds[0];
+        j = rnds[1];
+        if (j >= i) j++;
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i), RARRAY_AREF(ary, j));
+      case 3:
+        i = rnds[0];
+        j = rnds[1];
+        k = rnds[2];
+        {
+            long l = j, g = i;
+            if (j >= i) l = i, g = ++j;
+            if (k >= l && (++k >= g)) ++k;
+        }
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i), RARRAY_AREF(ary, j), RARRAY_AREF(ary, k));
+    }
+    memo_threshold =
+        len < 2560 ? len / 128 :
+        len < 5120 ? len / 64 :
+        len < 10240 ? len / 32 :
+        len / 16;
+    if (n <= numberof(idx)) {
+        long sorted[numberof(idx)];
+        sorted[0] = idx[0] = rnds[0];
+        for (i=1; i<n; i++) {
+            k = rnds[i];
+            for (j = 0; j < i; ++j) {
+                if (k < sorted[j]) break;
+                ++k;
+            }
+            memmove(&sorted[j+1], &sorted[j], sizeof(sorted[0])*(i-j));
+            sorted[j] = idx[i] = k;
+        }
+        result = rb_ary_new_capa(n);
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(result, ptr_result, {
+            for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+                ptr_result[i] = RARRAY_AREF(ary, idx[i]);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+    else if (n <= memo_threshold / 2) {
+        long max_idx = 0;
+#undef RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING
+#define RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING 0
+        VALUE vmemo = Data_Wrap_Struct(0, 0, st_free_table, 0);
+        st_table *memo = st_init_numtable_with_size(n);
+        DATA_PTR(vmemo) = memo;
+        result = rb_ary_new_capa(n);
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(result, ptr_result, {
+            for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+                long r = RAND_UPTO(len-i) + i;
+                ptr_result[i] = r;
+                if (r > max_idx) max_idx = r;
+            }
+            len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+            if (len <= max_idx) n = 0;
+            else if (n > len) n = len;
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr_ary, {
+                for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+                    long j2 = j = ptr_result[i];
+                    long i2 = i;
+                    st_data_t value;
+                    if (st_lookup(memo, (st_data_t)i, &value)) i2 = (long)value;
+                    if (st_lookup(memo, (st_data_t)j, &value)) j2 = (long)value;
+                    st_insert(memo, (st_data_t)j, (st_data_t)i2);
+                    ptr_result[i] = ptr_ary[j2];
+                }
+            });
+        });
+        DATA_PTR(vmemo) = 0;
+        st_free_table(memo);
+    }
+    else {
+        result = rb_ary_dup(ary);
+        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(result);
+        RB_GC_GUARD(ary);
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(result, ptr_result, {
+            for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+                j = RAND_UPTO(len-i) + i;
+                nv = ptr_result[j];
+                ptr_result[j] = ptr_result[i];
+                ptr_result[i] = nv;
+            }
+        });
+        RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(result, rb_cArray);
+    }
+    ARY_SET_LEN(result, n);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_sample0(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE ary)
+{
+    return ary_sample(ec, ary, rb_cRandom, Qfalse, Qfalse);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_cycle_size(VALUE self, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
+{
+    long mul;
+    VALUE n = Qnil;
+    if (args && (RARRAY_LEN(args) > 0)) {
+        n = RARRAY_AREF(args, 0);
+    }
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(self) == 0) return INT2FIX(0);
+    if (NIL_P(n)) return DBL2NUM(HUGE_VAL);
+    mul = NUM2LONG(n);
+    if (mul <= 0) return INT2FIX(0);
+    n = LONG2FIX(mul);
+    return rb_fix_mul_fix(rb_ary_length(self), n);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.cycle {|element| ... } -> nil
+ *    array.cycle(count) {|element| ... } -> nil
+ *    array.cycle -> new_enumerator
+ *    array.cycle(count) -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  When called with positive \Integer argument +count+ and a block,
+ *  calls the block with each element, then does so again,
+ *  until it has done so +count+ times; returns +nil+:
+ *
+ *    output = []
+ *    [0, 1].cycle(2) {|element| output.push(element) } # => nil
+ *    output # => [0, 1, 0, 1]
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is zero or negative, does not call the block:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1].cycle(0) {|element| fail 'Cannot happen' } # => nil
+ *    [0, 1].cycle(-1) {|element| fail 'Cannot happen' } # => nil
+ *
+ *  When a block is given, and argument is omitted or +nil+, cycles forever:
+ *
+ *    # Prints 0 and 1 forever.
+ *    [0, 1].cycle {|element| puts element }
+ *    [0, 1].cycle(nil) {|element| puts element }
+ *
+ *  When no block is given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1].cycle(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1]:cycle(2)>
+ *    [0, 1].cycle # => # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1]:cycle>
+ *    [0, 1].cycle.first(5) # => [0, 1, 0, 1, 0]
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_cycle(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long n, i;
+
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, argc, argv, rb_ary_cycle_size);
+    if (argc == 0 || NIL_P(argv[0])) {
+        n = -1;
+    }
+    else {
+        n = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
+        if (n <= 0) return Qnil;
+    }
+
+    while (RARRAY_LEN(ary) > 0 && (n < 0 || 0 < n--)) {
+        for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
+        }
+    }
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Build a ruby array of the corresponding values and yield it to the
+ * associated block.
+ * Return the class of +values+ for reentry check.
+ */
+static int
+yield_indexed_values(const VALUE values, const long r, const long *const p)
+{
+    const VALUE result = rb_ary_new2(r);
+    long i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < r; i++) ARY_SET(result, i, RARRAY_AREF(values, p[i]));
+    ARY_SET_LEN(result, r);
+    rb_yield(result);
+    return !RBASIC(values)->klass;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compute permutations of +r+ elements of the set <code>[0..n-1]</code>.
+ *
+ * When we have a complete permutation of array indices, copy the values
+ * at those indices into a new array and yield that array.
+ *
+ * n: the size of the set
+ * r: the number of elements in each permutation
+ * p: the array (of size r) that we're filling in
+ * used: an array of booleans: whether a given index is already used
+ * values: the Ruby array that holds the actual values to permute
+ */
+static void
+permute0(const long n, const long r, long *const p, char *const used, const VALUE values)
+{
+    long i = 0, index = 0;
+
+    for (;;) {
+        const char *const unused = memchr(&used[i], 0, n-i);
+        if (!unused) {
+            if (!index) break;
+            i = p[--index];                /* pop index */
+            used[i++] = 0;                 /* index unused */
+        }
+        else {
+            i = unused - used;
+            p[index] = i;
+            used[i] = 1;                   /* mark index used */
+            ++index;
+            if (index < r-1) {             /* if not done yet */
+                p[index] = i = 0;
+                continue;
+            }
+            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+                if (used[i]) continue;
+                p[index] = i;
+                if (!yield_indexed_values(values, r, p)) {
+                    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "permute reentered");
+                }
+            }
+            i = p[--index];                /* pop index */
+            used[i] = 0;                   /* index unused */
+            p[index] = ++i;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the product of from, from-1, ..., from - how_many + 1.
+ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pochhammer_symbol
+ */
+static VALUE
+descending_factorial(long from, long how_many)
+{
+    VALUE cnt;
+    if (how_many > 0) {
+        cnt = LONG2FIX(from);
+        while (--how_many > 0) {
+            long v = --from;
+            cnt = rb_int_mul(cnt, LONG2FIX(v));
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        cnt = LONG2FIX(how_many == 0);
+    }
+    return cnt;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+binomial_coefficient(long comb, long size)
+{
+    VALUE r;
+    long i;
+    if (comb > size-comb) {
+        comb = size-comb;
+    }
+    if (comb < 0) {
+        return LONG2FIX(0);
+    }
+    else if (comb == 0) {
+        return LONG2FIX(1);
+    }
+    r = LONG2FIX(size);
+    for (i = 1; i < comb; ++i) {
+        r = rb_int_mul(r, LONG2FIX(size - i));
+        r = rb_int_idiv(r, LONG2FIX(i + 1));
+    }
+    return r;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_permutation_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
+{
+    long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    long k = (args && (RARRAY_LEN(args) > 0)) ? NUM2LONG(RARRAY_AREF(args, 0)) : n;
+
+    return descending_factorial(n, k);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.permutation {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.permutation(n) {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.permutation -> new_enumerator
+ *    array.permutation(n) -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  When invoked with a block, yield all permutations of elements of +self+; returns +self+.
+ *  The order of permutations is indeterminate.
+ *
+ *  When a block and an in-range positive \Integer argument +n+ (<tt>0 < n <= self.size</tt>)
+ *  are given, calls the block with all +n+-tuple permutations of +self+.
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.permutation(2) {|permutation| p permutation }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1]
+ *    [0, 2]
+ *    [1, 0]
+ *    [1, 2]
+ *    [2, 0]
+ *    [2, 1]
+ *
+ *  Another example:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.permutation(3) {|permutation| p permutation }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2]
+ *    [0, 2, 1]
+ *    [1, 0, 2]
+ *    [1, 2, 0]
+ *    [2, 0, 1]
+ *    [2, 1, 0]
+ *
+ *  When +n+ is zero, calls the block once with a new empty \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.permutation(0) {|permutation| p permutation }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    []
+ *
+ *  When +n+ is out of range (negative or larger than <tt>self.size</tt>),
+ *  does not call the block:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.permutation(-1) {|permutation| fail 'Cannot happen' }
+ *    a.permutation(4) {|permutation| fail 'Cannot happen' }
+ *
+ *  When a block given but no argument,
+ *  behaves the same as <tt>a.permutation(a.size)</tt>:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.permutation {|permutation| p permutation }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2]
+ *    [0, 2, 1]
+ *    [1, 0, 2]
+ *    [1, 2, 0]
+ *    [2, 0, 1]
+ *    [2, 1, 0]
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.permutation # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:permutation>
+ *    a.permutation(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:permutation(2)>
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_permutation(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long r, n, i;
+
+    n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);                  /* Array length */
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, argc, argv, rb_ary_permutation_size);   /* Return enumerator if no block */
+    r = n;
+    if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) && !NIL_P(argv[0]))
+        r = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);            /* Permutation size from argument */
+
+    if (r < 0 || n < r) {
+        /* no permutations: yield nothing */
+    }
+    else if (r == 0) { /* exactly one permutation: the zero-length array */
+        rb_yield(rb_ary_new2(0));
+    }
+    else if (r == 1) { /* this is a special, easy case */
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            rb_yield(rb_ary_new3(1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)));
+        }
+    }
+    else {             /* this is the general case */
+        volatile VALUE t0;
+        long *p = ALLOCV_N(long, t0, r+roomof(n, sizeof(long)));
+        char *used = (char*)(p + r);
+        VALUE ary0 = ary_make_shared_copy(ary); /* private defensive copy of ary */
+        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(ary0);
+
+        MEMZERO(used, char, n); /* initialize array */
+
+        permute0(n, r, p, used, ary0); /* compute and yield permutations */
+        ALLOCV_END(t0);
+        RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(ary0, rb_cArray);
+    }
+    return ary;
+}
+
+static void
+combinate0(const long len, const long n, long *const stack, const VALUE values)
+{
+    long lev = 0;
+
+    MEMZERO(stack+1, long, n);
+    stack[0] = -1;
+    for (;;) {
+        for (lev++; lev < n; lev++) {
+            stack[lev+1] = stack[lev]+1;
+        }
+        if (!yield_indexed_values(values, n, stack+1)) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "combination reentered");
+        }
+        do {
+            if (lev == 0) return;
+            stack[lev--]++;
+        } while (stack[lev+1]+n == len+lev+1);
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_combination_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
+{
+    long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    long k = NUM2LONG(RARRAY_AREF(args, 0));
+
+    return binomial_coefficient(k, n);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.combination(n) {|element| ... } -> self
+ *    array.combination(n) -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Calls the block, if given, with combinations of elements of +self+;
+ *  returns +self+. The order of combinations is indeterminate.
+ *
+ *  When a block and an in-range positive \Integer argument +n+ (<tt>0 < n <= self.size</tt>)
+ *  are given, calls the block with all +n+-tuple combinations of +self+.
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.combination(2) {|combination| p combination }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1]
+ *    [0, 2]
+ *    [1, 2]
+ *
+ *  Another example:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.combination(3) {|combination| p combination }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2]
+ *
+ *  When +n+ is zero, calls the block once with a new empty \Array:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a1 = a.combination(0) {|combination| p combination }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    []
+ *
+ *  When +n+ is out of range (negative or larger than <tt>self.size</tt>),
+ *  does not call the block:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.combination(-1) {|combination| fail 'Cannot happen' }
+ *    a.combination(4) {|combination| fail 'Cannot happen' }
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.combination(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:combination(2)>
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_combination(VALUE ary, VALUE num)
+{
+    long i, n, len;
+
+    n = NUM2LONG(num);
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 1, &num, rb_ary_combination_size);
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (n < 0 || len < n) {
+        /* yield nothing */
+    }
+    else if (n == 0) {
+        rb_yield(rb_ary_new2(0));
+    }
+    else if (n == 1) {
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            rb_yield(rb_ary_new3(1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)));
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        VALUE ary0 = ary_make_shared_copy(ary); /* private defensive copy of ary */
+        volatile VALUE t0;
+        long *stack = ALLOCV_N(long, t0, n+1);
+
+        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(ary0);
+        combinate0(len, n, stack, ary0);
+        ALLOCV_END(t0);
+        RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(ary0, rb_cArray);
+    }
+    return ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compute repeated permutations of +r+ elements of the set
+ * <code>[0..n-1]</code>.
+ *
+ * When we have a complete repeated permutation of array indices, copy the
+ * values at those indices into a new array and yield that array.
+ *
+ * n: the size of the set
+ * r: the number of elements in each permutation
+ * p: the array (of size r) that we're filling in
+ * values: the Ruby array that holds the actual values to permute
+ */
+static void
+rpermute0(const long n, const long r, long *const p, const VALUE values)
+{
+    long i = 0, index = 0;
+
+    p[index] = i;
+    for (;;) {
+        if (++index < r-1) {
+            p[index] = i = 0;
+            continue;
+        }
+        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+            p[index] = i;
+            if (!yield_indexed_values(values, r, p)) {
+                rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "repeated permute reentered");
+            }
+        }
+        do {
+            if (index <= 0) return;
+        } while ((i = ++p[--index]) >= n);
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_repeated_permutation_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
+{
+    long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    long k = NUM2LONG(RARRAY_AREF(args, 0));
+
+    if (k < 0) {
+        return LONG2FIX(0);
+    }
+    if (n <= 0) {
+        return LONG2FIX(!k);
+    }
+    return rb_int_positive_pow(n, (unsigned long)k);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.repeated_permutation(n) {|permutation| ... } -> self
+ *    array.repeated_permutation(n) -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Calls the block with each repeated permutation of length +n+ of the elements of +self+;
+ *  each permutation is an \Array;
+ *  returns +self+. The order of the permutations is indeterminate.
+ *
+ *  When a block and a positive \Integer argument +n+ are given, calls the block with each
+ *  +n+-tuple repeated permutation of the elements of +self+.
+ *  The number of permutations is <tt>self.size**n</tt>.
+ *
+ *  +n+ = 1:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.repeated_permutation(1) {|permutation| p permutation }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0]
+ *    [1]
+ *    [2]
+ *
+ *  +n+ = 2:
+ *
+ *    a.repeated_permutation(2) {|permutation| p permutation }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0, 0]
+ *    [0, 1]
+ *    [0, 2]
+ *    [1, 0]
+ *    [1, 1]
+ *    [1, 2]
+ *    [2, 0]
+ *    [2, 1]
+ *    [2, 2]
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is zero, calls the block once with an empty \Array.
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is negative, does not call the block:
+ *
+ *    a.repeated_permutation(-1) {|permutation| fail 'Cannot happen' }
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.repeated_permutation(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:permutation(2)>
+ *
+ *  Using Enumerators, it's convenient to show the permutations and counts
+ *  for some values of +n+:
+ *
+ *    e = a.repeated_permutation(0)
+ *    e.size # => 1
+ *    e.to_a # => [[]]
+ *    e = a.repeated_permutation(1)
+ *    e.size # => 3
+ *    e.to_a # => [[0], [1], [2]]
+ *    e = a.repeated_permutation(2)
+ *    e.size # => 9
+ *    e.to_a # => [[0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [1, 0], [1, 1], [1, 2], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2]]
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_repeated_permutation(VALUE ary, VALUE num)
+{
+    long r, n, i;
+
+    n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);                  /* Array length */
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 1, &num, rb_ary_repeated_permutation_size);      /* Return Enumerator if no block */
+    r = NUM2LONG(num);                    /* Permutation size from argument */
+
+    if (r < 0) {
+        /* no permutations: yield nothing */
+    }
+    else if (r == 0) { /* exactly one permutation: the zero-length array */
+        rb_yield(rb_ary_new2(0));
+    }
+    else if (r == 1) { /* this is a special, easy case */
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            rb_yield(rb_ary_new3(1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)));
+        }
+    }
+    else {             /* this is the general case */
+        volatile VALUE t0;
+        long *p = ALLOCV_N(long, t0, r);
+        VALUE ary0 = ary_make_shared_copy(ary); /* private defensive copy of ary */
+        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(ary0);
+
+        rpermute0(n, r, p, ary0); /* compute and yield repeated permutations */
+        ALLOCV_END(t0);
+        RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(ary0, rb_cArray);
+    }
+    return ary;
+}
+
+static void
+rcombinate0(const long n, const long r, long *const p, const long rest, const VALUE values)
+{
+    long i = 0, index = 0;
+
+    p[index] = i;
+    for (;;) {
+        if (++index < r-1) {
+            p[index] = i;
+            continue;
+        }
+        for (; i < n; ++i) {
+            p[index] = i;
+            if (!yield_indexed_values(values, r, p)) {
+                rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "repeated combination reentered");
+            }
+        }
+        do {
+            if (index <= 0) return;
+        } while ((i = ++p[--index]) >= n);
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_repeated_combination_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
+{
+    long n = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    long k = NUM2LONG(RARRAY_AREF(args, 0));
+    if (k == 0) {
+        return LONG2FIX(1);
+    }
+    return binomial_coefficient(k, n + k - 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.repeated_combination(n) {|combination| ... } -> self
+ *    array.repeated_combination(n) -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Calls the block with each repeated combination of length +n+ of the elements of +self+;
+ *  each combination is an \Array;
+ *  returns +self+. The order of the combinations is indeterminate.
+ *
+ *  When a block and a positive \Integer argument +n+ are given, calls the block with each
+ *  +n+-tuple repeated combination of the elements of +self+.
+ *  The number of combinations is <tt>(n+1)(n+2)/2</tt>.
+ *
+ *  +n+ = 1:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.repeated_combination(1) {|combination| p combination }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0]
+ *    [1]
+ *    [2]
+ *
+ *  +n+ = 2:
+ *
+ *    a.repeated_combination(2) {|combination| p combination }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0, 0]
+ *    [0, 1]
+ *    [0, 2]
+ *    [1, 1]
+ *    [1, 2]
+ *    [2, 2]
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is zero, calls the block once with an empty \Array.
+ *
+ *  If +n+ is negative, does not call the block:
+ *
+ *    a.repeated_combination(-1) {|combination| fail 'Cannot happen' }
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.repeated_combination(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:combination(2)>
+ *
+ *  Using Enumerators, it's convenient to show the combinations and counts
+ *  for some values of +n+:
+ *
+ *    e = a.repeated_combination(0)
+ *    e.size # => 1
+ *    e.to_a # => [[]]
+ *    e = a.repeated_combination(1)
+ *    e.size # => 3
+ *    e.to_a # => [[0], [1], [2]]
+ *    e = a.repeated_combination(2)
+ *    e.size # => 6
+ *    e.to_a # => [[0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [1, 1], [1, 2], [2, 2]]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_repeated_combination(VALUE ary, VALUE num)
+{
+    long n, i, len;
+
+    n = NUM2LONG(num);                 /* Combination size from argument */
+    RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 1, &num, rb_ary_repeated_combination_size);   /* Return enumerator if no block */
+    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    if (n < 0) {
+        /* yield nothing */
+    }
+    else if (n == 0) {
+        rb_yield(rb_ary_new2(0));
+    }
+    else if (n == 1) {
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            rb_yield(rb_ary_new3(1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)));
+        }
+    }
+    else if (len == 0) {
+        /* yield nothing */
+    }
+    else {
+        volatile VALUE t0;
+        long *p = ALLOCV_N(long, t0, n);
+        VALUE ary0 = ary_make_shared_copy(ary); /* private defensive copy of ary */
+        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(ary0);
+
+        rcombinate0(len, n, p, n, ary0); /* compute and yield repeated combinations */
+        ALLOCV_END(t0);
+        RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(ary0, rb_cArray);
+    }
+    return ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.product(*other_arrays) -> new_array
+ *    array.product(*other_arrays) {|combination| ... } -> self
+ *
+ *  Computes and returns or yields all combinations of elements from all the Arrays,
+ *  including both +self+ and +other_arrays+:
+ *
+ *  - The number of combinations is the product of the sizes of all the arrays,
+ *    including both +self+ and +other_arrays+.
+ *  - The order of the returned combinations is indeterminate.
+ *
+ *  When no block is given, returns the combinations as an \Array of Arrays:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a1 = [3, 4]
+ *    a2 = [5, 6]
+ *    p = a.product(a1)
+ *    p.size # => 6 # a.size * a1.size
+ *    p # => [[0, 3], [0, 4], [1, 3], [1, 4], [2, 3], [2, 4]]
+ *    p = a.product(a1, a2)
+ *    p.size # => 12 # a.size * a1.size * a2.size
+ *    p # => [[0, 3, 5], [0, 3, 6], [0, 4, 5], [0, 4, 6], [1, 3, 5], [1, 3, 6], [1, 4, 5], [1, 4, 6], [2, 3, 5], [2, 3, 6], [2, 4, 5], [2, 4, 6]]
+ *
+ *  If any argument is an empty \Array, returns an empty \Array.
+ *
+ *  If no argument is given, returns an \Array of 1-element Arrays,
+ *  each containing an element of +self+:
+ *
+ *    a.product # => [[0], [1], [2]]
+ *
+ *  When a block is given, yields each combination as an \Array; returns +self+:
+ *
+ *    a.product(a1) {|combination| p combination }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0, 3]
+ *    [0, 4]
+ *    [1, 3]
+ *    [1, 4]
+ *    [2, 3]
+ *    [2, 4]
+ *
+ *  If any argument is an empty \Array, does not call the block:
+ *
+ *    a.product(a1, a2, []) {|combination| fail 'Cannot happen' }
+ *
+ *  If no argument is given, yields each element of +self+ as a 1-element \Array:
+ *
+ *    a.product {|combination| p combination }
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    [0]
+ *    [1]
+ *    [2]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_product(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    int n = argc+1;    /* How many arrays we're operating on */
+    volatile VALUE t0 = rb_ary_hidden_new(n);
+    volatile VALUE t1 = Qundef;
+    VALUE *arrays = RARRAY_PTR(t0); /* The arrays we're computing the product of */
+    int *counters = ALLOCV_N(int, t1, n); /* The current position in each one */
+    VALUE result = Qnil;      /* The array we'll be returning, when no block given */
+    long i,j;
+    long resultlen = 1;
+
+    RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(t0);
+
+    /* initialize the arrays of arrays */
+    ARY_SET_LEN(t0, n);
+    arrays[0] = ary;
+    for (i = 1; i < n; i++) arrays[i] = Qnil;
+    for (i = 1; i < n; i++) arrays[i] = to_ary(argv[i-1]);
+
+    /* initialize the counters for the arrays */
+    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) counters[i] = 0;
+
+    /* Otherwise, allocate and fill in an array of results */
+    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+        /* Make defensive copies of arrays; exit if any is empty */
+        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            if (RARRAY_LEN(arrays[i]) == 0) goto done;
+            arrays[i] = ary_make_shared_copy(arrays[i]);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        /* Compute the length of the result array; return [] if any is empty */
+        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            long k = RARRAY_LEN(arrays[i]);
+            if (k == 0) {
+                result = rb_ary_new2(0);
+                goto done;
+            }
+            if (MUL_OVERFLOW_LONG_P(resultlen, k))
+                rb_raise(rb_eRangeError, "too big to product");
+            resultlen *= k;
+        }
+        result = rb_ary_new2(resultlen);
+    }
+    for (;;) {
+        int m;
+        /* fill in one subarray */
+        VALUE subarray = rb_ary_new2(n);
+        for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
+            rb_ary_push(subarray, rb_ary_entry(arrays[j], counters[j]));
+        }
+
+        /* put it on the result array */
+        if (NIL_P(result)) {
+            FL_SET(t0, RARRAY_SHARED_ROOT_FLAG);
+            rb_yield(subarray);
+            if (!FL_TEST(t0, RARRAY_SHARED_ROOT_FLAG)) {
+                rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "product reentered");
+            }
+            else {
+                FL_UNSET(t0, RARRAY_SHARED_ROOT_FLAG);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            rb_ary_push(result, subarray);
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * Increment the last counter.  If it overflows, reset to 0
+         * and increment the one before it.
+         */
+        m = n-1;
+        counters[m]++;
+        while (counters[m] == RARRAY_LEN(arrays[m])) {
+            counters[m] = 0;
+            /* If the first counter overflows, we are done */
+            if (--m < 0) goto done;
+            counters[m]++;
+        }
+    }
+
+done:
+    ALLOCV_END(t1);
+
+    return NIL_P(result) ? ary : result;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.take(n) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing the first +n+ element of +self+,
+ *  where +n+ is a non-negative \Integer;
+ *  does not modify +self+.
+ *
+ *  Examples:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a.take(1) # => [0]
+ *    a.take(2) # => [0, 1]
+ *    a.take(50) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_take(VALUE obj, VALUE n)
+{
+    long len = NUM2LONG(n);
+    if (len < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "attempt to take negative size");
+    }
+    return rb_ary_subseq(obj, 0, len);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.take_while {|element| ... } -> new_array
+ *    array.take_while -> new_enumerator
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing zero or more leading elements of +self+;
+ *  does not modify +self+.
+ *
+ *  With a block given, calls the block with each successive element of +self+;
+ *  stops if the block returns +false+ or +nil+;
+ *  returns a new \Array containing those elements for which the block returned a truthy value:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a.take_while {|element| element < 3 } # => [0, 1, 2]
+ *    a.take_while {|element| true } # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ *  With no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1].take_while # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1]:take_while>
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_take_while(VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i;
+
+    RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0);
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        if (!RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) break;
+    }
+    return rb_ary_take(ary, LONG2FIX(i));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.drop(n) -> new_array
+ *
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing all but the first +n+ element of +self+,
+ *  where +n+ is a non-negative \Integer;
+ *  does not modify +self+.
+ *
+ *  Examples:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a.drop(0) # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a.drop(1) # => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a.drop(2) # => [2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_drop(VALUE ary, VALUE n)
+{
+    VALUE result;
+    long pos = NUM2LONG(n);
+    if (pos < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "attempt to drop negative size");
+    }
+
+    result = rb_ary_subseq(ary, pos, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+    if (NIL_P(result)) result = rb_ary_new();
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.drop_while {|element| ... } -> new_array
+ *    array.drop_while -> new_enumerator
+
+ *  Returns a new \Array containing zero or more trailing elements of +self+;
+ *  does not modify +self+.
+ *
+ *  With a block given, calls the block with each successive element of +self+;
+ *  stops if the block returns +false+ or +nil+;
+ *  returns a new \Array _omitting_ those elements for which the block returned a truthy value:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    a.drop_while {|element| element < 3 } # => [3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ *  With no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1].drop_while # => # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1]:drop_while>
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_drop_while(VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i;
+
+    RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0);
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        if (!RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) break;
+    }
+    return rb_ary_drop(ary, LONG2FIX(i));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.any? -> true or false
+ *    array.any? {|element| ... } -> true or false
+ *    array.any?(obj) -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if any element of +self+ meets a given criterion.
+ *
+ *  With no block given and no argument, returns +true+ if +self+ has any truthy element,
+ *  +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [nil, 0, false].any? # => true
+ *    [nil, false].any? # => false
+ *    [].any? # => false
+ *
+ *  With a block given and no argument, calls the block with each element in +self+;
+ *  returns +true+ if the block returns any truthy value, +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].any? {|element| element > 1 } # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].any? {|element| element > 2 } # => false
+ *
+ *  If argument +obj+ is given, returns +true+ if +obj+.<tt>===</tt> any element,
+ *  +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    ['food', 'drink'].any?(/foo/) # => true
+ *    ['food', 'drink'].any?(/bar/) # => false
+ *    [].any?(/foo/) # => false
+ *    [0, 1, 2].any?(1) # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].any?(3) # => false
+ *
+ *  Related: Enumerable#any?
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_any_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i, len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    if (!len) return Qfalse;
+    if (argc) {
+        if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+            rb_warn("given block not used");
+        }
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(rb_funcall(argv[0], idEqq, 1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) return Qtrue;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!rb_block_given_p()) {
+        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i))) return Qtrue;
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) return Qtrue;
+        }
+    }
+    return Qfalse;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.all? -> true or false
+ *    array.all? {|element| ... } -> true or false
+ *    array.all?(obj) -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if all elements of +self+ meet a given criterion.
+ *
+ *  With no block given and no argument, returns +true+ if +self+ contains only truthy elements,
+ *  +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, :foo].all? # => true
+ *    [0, nil, 2].all? # => false
+ *    [].all? # => true
+ *
+ *  With a block given and no argument, calls the block with each element in +self+;
+ *  returns +true+ if the block returns only truthy values, +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].all? { |element| element < 3 } # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].all? { |element| element < 2 } # => false
+ *
+ *  If argument +obj+ is given, returns +true+ if <tt>obj.===</tt> every element, +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    ['food', 'fool', 'foot'].all?(/foo/) # => true
+ *    ['food', 'drink'].all?(/bar/) # => false
+ *    [].all?(/foo/) # => true
+ *    [0, 0, 0].all?(0) # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].all?(1) # => false
+ *
+ *  Related: Enumerable#all?
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_all_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i, len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    if (!len) return Qtrue;
+    if (argc) {
+        if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+            rb_warn("given block not used");
+        }
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+            if (!RTEST(rb_funcall(argv[0], idEqq, 1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) return Qfalse;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!rb_block_given_p()) {
+        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            if (!RTEST(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i))) return Qfalse;
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+            if (!RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) return Qfalse;
+        }
+    }
+    return Qtrue;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.none? -> true or false
+ *    array.none? {|element| ... } -> true or false
+ *    array.none?(obj) -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if no element of +self+ meet a given criterion.
+ *
+ *  With no block given and no argument, returns +true+ if +self+ has no truthy elements,
+ *  +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [nil, false].none? # => true
+ *    [nil, 0, false].none? # => false
+ *    [].none? # => true
+ *
+ *  With a block given and no argument, calls the block with each element in +self+;
+ *  returns +true+ if the block returns no truthy value, +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].none? {|element| element > 3 } # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].none? {|element| element > 1 } # => false
+ *
+ *  If argument +obj+ is given, returns +true+ if <tt>obj.===</tt> no element, +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    ['food', 'drink'].none?(/bar/) # => true
+ *    ['food', 'drink'].none?(/foo/) # => false
+ *    [].none?(/foo/) # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].none?(3) # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].none?(1) # => false
+ *
+ *  Related: Enumerable#none?
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_none_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i, len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    if (!len) return Qtrue;
+    if (argc) {
+        if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+            rb_warn("given block not used");
+        }
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(rb_funcall(argv[0], idEqq, 1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) return Qfalse;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!rb_block_given_p()) {
+        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i))) return Qfalse;
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) return Qfalse;
+        }
+    }
+    return Qtrue;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.one? -> true or false
+ *    array.one? {|element| ... } -> true or false
+ *    array.one?(obj) -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns +true+ if exactly one element of +self+ meets a given criterion.
+ *
+ *  With no block given and no argument, returns +true+ if +self+ has exactly one truthy element,
+ *  +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [nil, 0].one? # => true
+ *    [0, 0].one? # => false
+ *    [nil, nil].one? # => false
+ *    [].one? # => false
+ *
+ *  With a block given and no argument, calls the block with each element in +self+;
+ *  returns +true+ if the block a truthy value for exactly one element, +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].one? {|element| element > 0 } # => false
+ *    [0, 1, 2].one? {|element| element > 1 } # => true
+ *    [0, 1, 2].one? {|element| element > 2 } # => false
+ *
+ *  If argument +obj+ is given, returns +true+ if <tt>obj.===</tt> exactly one element,
+ *  +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *    [0, 1, 2].one?(0) # => true
+ *    [0, 0, 1].one?(0) # => false
+ *    [1, 1, 2].one?(0) # => false
+ *    ['food', 'drink'].one?(/bar/) # => false
+ *    ['food', 'drink'].one?(/foo/) # => true
+ *    [].one?(/foo/) # => false
+ *
+ *  Related: Enumerable#one?
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_one_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    long i, len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+    VALUE result = Qfalse;
+
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    if (!len) return Qfalse;
+    if (argc) {
+        if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+            rb_warn("given block not used");
+        }
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(rb_funcall(argv[0], idEqq, 1, RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) {
+                if (result) return Qfalse;
+                result = Qtrue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!rb_block_given_p()) {
+        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i))) {
+                if (result) return Qfalse;
+                result = Qtrue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
+            if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) {
+                if (result) return Qfalse;
+                result = Qtrue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    array.dig(index, *identifiers) -> object
+ *
+ *  Finds and returns the object in nested objects
+ *  that is specified by +index+ and +identifiers+.
+ *  The nested objects may be instances of various classes.
+ *  See {Dig Methods}[rdoc-ref:dig_methods.rdoc].
+ *
+ *  Examples:
+ *
+ *    a = [:foo, [:bar, :baz, [:bat, :bam]]]
+ *    a.dig(1) # => [:bar, :baz, [:bat, :bam]]
+ *    a.dig(1, 2) # => [:bat, :bam]
+ *    a.dig(1, 2, 0) # => :bat
+ *    a.dig(1, 2, 3) # => nil
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_dig(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS);
+    self = rb_ary_at(self, *argv);
+    if (!--argc) return self;
+    ++argv;
+    return rb_obj_dig(argc, argv, self, Qnil);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+finish_exact_sum(long n, VALUE r, VALUE v, int z)
+{
+    if (n != 0)
+        v = rb_fix_plus(LONG2FIX(n), v);
+    if (!UNDEF_P(r)) {
+        v = rb_rational_plus(r, v);
+    }
+    else if (!n && z) {
+        v = rb_fix_plus(LONG2FIX(0), v);
+    }
+    return v;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   array.sum(init = 0) -> object
+ *   array.sum(init = 0) {|element| ... } -> object
+ *
+ *  When no block is given, returns the object equivalent to:
+ *
+ *    sum = init
+ *    array.each {|element| sum += element }
+ *    sum
+ *
+ *  For example, <tt>[e1, e2, e3].sum</tt> returns <tt>init + e1 + e2 + e3</tt>.
+ *
+ *  Examples:
+ *
+ *    a = [0, 1, 2, 3]
+ *    a.sum # => 6
+ *    a.sum(100) # => 106
+ *
+ *  The elements need not be numeric, but must be <tt>+</tt>-compatible
+ *  with each other and with +init+:
+ *
+ *    a = ['abc', 'def', 'ghi']
+ *    a.sum('jkl') # => "jklabcdefghi"
+ *
+ *  When a block is given, it is called with each element
+ *  and the block's return value (instead of the element itself) is used as the addend:
+ *
+ *    a = ['zero', 1, :two]
+ *    s = a.sum('Coerced and concatenated: ') {|element| element.to_s }
+ *    s # => "Coerced and concatenated: zero1two"
+ *
+ *  Notes:
+ *
+ *  - Array#join and Array#flatten may be faster than Array#sum
+ *    for an \Array of Strings or an \Array of Arrays.
+ *  - Array#sum method may not respect method redefinition of "+" methods such as Integer#+.
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_sum(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+{
+    VALUE e, v, r;
+    long i, n;
+    int block_given;
+
+    v = (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) ? argv[0] : LONG2FIX(0));
+
+    block_given = rb_block_given_p();
+
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == 0)
+        return v;
+
+    n = 0;
+    r = Qundef;
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (block_given)
+            e = rb_yield(e);
+        if (FIXNUM_P(e)) {
+            n += FIX2LONG(e); /* should not overflow long type */
+            if (!FIXABLE(n)) {
+                v = rb_big_plus(LONG2NUM(n), v);
+                n = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (RB_BIGNUM_TYPE_P(e))
+            v = rb_big_plus(e, v);
+        else if (RB_TYPE_P(e, T_RATIONAL)) {
+            if (UNDEF_P(r))
+                r = e;
+            else
+                r = rb_rational_plus(r, e);
+        }
+        else
+            goto not_exact;
+    }
+    v = finish_exact_sum(n, r, v, argc!=0);
+    return v;
+
+  not_exact:
+    v = finish_exact_sum(n, r, v, i!=0);
+
+    if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(e)) {
+        /*
+         * Kahan-Babuska balancing compensated summation algorithm
+         * See https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00607-005-0139-x
+         */
+        double f, c;
+        double x, t;
+
+        f = NUM2DBL(v);
+        c = 0.0;
+        goto has_float_value;
+        for (; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+            e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+            if (block_given)
+                e = rb_yield(e);
+            if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(e))
+              has_float_value:
+                x = RFLOAT_VALUE(e);
+            else if (FIXNUM_P(e))
+                x = FIX2LONG(e);
+            else if (RB_BIGNUM_TYPE_P(e))
+                x = rb_big2dbl(e);
+            else if (RB_TYPE_P(e, T_RATIONAL))
+                x = rb_num2dbl(e);
+            else
+                goto not_float;
+
+            if (isnan(f)) continue;
+            if (isnan(x)) {
+                f = x;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (isinf(x)) {
+                if (isinf(f) && signbit(x) != signbit(f))
+                    f = NAN;
+                else
+                    f = x;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (isinf(f)) continue;
+
+            t = f + x;
+            if (fabs(f) >= fabs(x))
+                c += ((f - t) + x);
+            else
+                c += ((x - t) + f);
+            f = t;
+        }
+        f += c;
+        return DBL2NUM(f);
+
+      not_float:
+        v = DBL2NUM(f);
+    }
+
+    goto has_some_value;
+    for (; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        if (block_given)
+            e = rb_yield(e);
+      has_some_value:
+        v = rb_funcall(v, idPLUS, 1, e);
+    }
+    return v;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_deconstruct(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  An \Array is an ordered, integer-indexed collection of objects, called _elements_.
+ *  Any object (even another array) may be an array element,
+ *  and an array can contain objects of different types.
+ *
+ *  == \Array Indexes
+ *
+ *  \Array indexing starts at 0, as in C or Java.
+ *
+ *  A positive index is an offset from the first element:
+ *
+ *  - Index 0 indicates the first element.
+ *  - Index 1 indicates the second element.
+ *  - ...
+ *
+ *  A negative index is an offset, backwards, from the end of the array:
+ *
+ *  - Index -1 indicates the last element.
+ *  - Index -2 indicates the next-to-last element.
+ *  - ...
+ *
+ *  A non-negative index is <i>in range</i> if and only if it is smaller than
+ *  the size of the array.  For a 3-element array:
+ *
+ *  - Indexes 0 through 2 are in range.
+ *  - Index 3 is out of range.
+ *
+ *  A negative index is <i>in range</i> if and only if its absolute value is
+ *  not larger than the size of the array.  For a 3-element array:
+ *
+ *  - Indexes -1 through -3 are in range.
+ *  - Index -4 is out of range.
+ *
+ *  Although the effective index into an array is always an integer,
+ *  some methods (both within and outside of class \Array)
+ *  accept one or more non-integer arguments that are
+ *  {integer-convertible objects}[rdoc-ref:implicit_conversion.rdoc@Integer-Convertible+Objects].
+ *
+ *
+ *  == Creating Arrays
+ *
+ *  You can create an \Array object explicitly with:
+ *
+ *  - An {array literal}[rdoc-ref:literals.rdoc@Array+Literals]:
+ *
+ *      [1, 'one', :one, [2, 'two', :two]]
+ *
+ *  - A {%w or %W: string-array Literal}[rdoc-ref:literals.rdoc@25w+and+-25W-3A+String-Array+Literals]:
+ *
+ *      %w[foo bar baz] # => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
+ *      %w[1 % *]       # => ["1", "%", "*"]
+ *
+ *  - A {%i pr %I: symbol-array Literal}[rdoc-ref:literals.rdoc@25i+and+-25I-3A+Symbol-Array+Literals]:
+ *
+ *      %i[foo bar baz] # => [:foo, :bar, :baz]
+ *      %i[1 % *]       # => [:"1", :%, :*]
+ *
+ *  - \Method Kernel#Array:
+ *
+ *      Array(["a", "b"])             # => ["a", "b"]
+ *      Array(1..5)                   # => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *      Array(key: :value)            # => [[:key, :value]]
+ *      Array(nil)                    # => []
+ *      Array(1)                      # => [1]
+ *      Array({:a => "a", :b => "b"}) # => [[:a, "a"], [:b, "b"]]
+ *
+ *  - \Method Array.new:
+ *
+ *      Array.new               # => []
+ *      Array.new(3)            # => [nil, nil, nil]
+ *      Array.new(4) {Hash.new} # => [{}, {}, {}, {}]
+ *      Array.new(3, true)      # => [true, true, true]
+ *
+ *    Note that the last example above populates the array
+ *    with references to the same object.
+ *    This is recommended only in cases where that object is a natively immutable object
+ *    such as a symbol, a numeric, +nil+, +true+, or +false+.
+ *
+ *    Another way to create an array with various objects, using a block;
+ *    this usage is safe for mutable objects such as hashes, strings or
+ *    other arrays:
+ *
+ *      Array.new(4) {|i| i.to_s } # => ["0", "1", "2", "3"]
+ *
+ *    Here is a way to create a multi-dimensional array:
+ *
+ *      Array.new(3) {Array.new(3)}
+ *      # => [[nil, nil, nil], [nil, nil, nil], [nil, nil, nil]]
+ *
+ *  A number of Ruby methods, both in the core and in the standard library,
+ *  provide instance method +to_a+, which converts an object to an array.
+ *
+ *  - ARGF#to_a
+ *  - Array#to_a
+ *  - Enumerable#to_a
+ *  - Hash#to_a
+ *  - MatchData#to_a
+ *  - NilClass#to_a
+ *  - OptionParser#to_a
+ *  - Range#to_a
+ *  - Set#to_a
+ *  - Struct#to_a
+ *  - Time#to_a
+ *  - Benchmark::Tms#to_a
+ *  - CSV::Table#to_a
+ *  - Enumerator::Lazy#to_a
+ *  - Gem::List#to_a
+ *  - Gem::NameTuple#to_a
+ *  - Gem::Platform#to_a
+ *  - Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Tokenizer#to_a
+ *  - Gem::SourceList#to_a
+ *  - OpenSSL::X509::Extension#to_a
+ *  - OpenSSL::X509::Name#to_a
+ *  - Racc::ISet#to_a
+ *  - Rinda::RingFinger#to_a
+ *  - Ripper::Lexer::Elem#to_a
+ *  - RubyVM::InstructionSequence#to_a
+ *  - YAML::DBM#to_a
+ *
+ *  == Example Usage
+ *
+ *  In addition to the methods it mixes in through the Enumerable module, the
+ *  \Array class has proprietary methods for accessing, searching and otherwise
+ *  manipulating arrays.
+ *
+ *  Some of the more common ones are illustrated below.
+ *
+ *  == Accessing Elements
+ *
+ *  Elements in an array can be retrieved using the Array#[] method.  It can
+ *  take a single integer argument (a numeric index), a pair of arguments
+ *  (start and length) or a range. Negative indices start counting from the end,
+ *  with -1 being the last element.
+ *
+ *     arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *     arr[2]    #=> 3
+ *     arr[100]  #=> nil
+ *     arr[-3]   #=> 4
+ *     arr[2, 3] #=> [3, 4, 5]
+ *     arr[1..4] #=> [2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *     arr[1..-3] #=> [2, 3, 4]
+ *
+ *  Another way to access a particular array element is by using the #at method
+ *
+ *     arr.at(0) #=> 1
+ *
+ *  The #slice method works in an identical manner to Array#[].
+ *
+ *  To raise an error for indices outside of the array bounds or else to
+ *  provide a default value when that happens, you can use #fetch.
+ *
+ *     arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']
+ *     arr.fetch(100) #=> IndexError: index 100 outside of array bounds: -6...6
+ *     arr.fetch(100, "oops") #=> "oops"
+ *
+ *  The special methods #first and #last will return the first and last
+ *  elements of an array, respectively.
+ *
+ *     arr.first #=> 1
+ *     arr.last  #=> 6
+ *
+ *  To return the first +n+ elements of an array, use #take
+ *
+ *     arr.take(3) #=> [1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ *  #drop does the opposite of #take, by returning the elements after +n+
+ *  elements have been dropped:
+ *
+ *     arr.drop(3) #=> [4, 5, 6]
+ *
+ *  == Obtaining Information about an \Array
+ *
+ *  Arrays keep track of their own length at all times.  To query an array
+ *  about the number of elements it contains, use #length, #count or #size.
+ *
+ *    browsers = ['Chrome', 'Firefox', 'Safari', 'Opera', 'IE']
+ *    browsers.length #=> 5
+ *    browsers.count #=> 5
+ *
+ *  To check whether an array contains any elements at all
+ *
+ *    browsers.empty? #=> false
+ *
+ *  To check whether a particular item is included in the array
+ *
+ *    browsers.include?('Konqueror') #=> false
+ *
+ *  == Adding Items to Arrays
+ *
+ *  Items can be added to the end of an array by using either #push or #<<
+ *
+ *    arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
+ *    arr.push(5) #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *    arr << 6    #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *
+ *  #unshift will add a new item to the beginning of an array.
+ *
+ *     arr.unshift(0) #=> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *
+ *  With #insert you can add a new element to an array at any position.
+ *
+ *     arr.insert(3, 'apple')  #=> [0, 1, 2, 'apple', 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *
+ *  Using the #insert method, you can also insert multiple values at once:
+ *
+ *     arr.insert(3, 'orange', 'pear', 'grapefruit')
+ *     #=> [0, 1, 2, "orange", "pear", "grapefruit", "apple", 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *
+ *  == Removing Items from an \Array
+ *
+ *  The method #pop removes the last element in an array and returns it:
+ *
+ *     arr =  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *     arr.pop #=> 6
+ *     arr #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ *  To retrieve and at the same time remove the first item, use #shift:
+ *
+ *     arr.shift #=> 1
+ *     arr #=> [2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ *  To delete an element at a particular index:
+ *
+ *     arr.delete_at(2) #=> 4
+ *     arr #=> [2, 3, 5]
+ *
+ *  To delete a particular element anywhere in an array, use #delete:
+ *
+ *     arr = [1, 2, 2, 3]
+ *     arr.delete(2) #=> 2
+ *     arr #=> [1,3]
+ *
+ *  A useful method if you need to remove +nil+ values from an array is
+ *  #compact:
+ *
+ *     arr = ['foo', 0, nil, 'bar', 7, 'baz', nil]
+ *     arr.compact  #=> ['foo', 0, 'bar', 7, 'baz']
+ *     arr          #=> ['foo', 0, nil, 'bar', 7, 'baz', nil]
+ *     arr.compact! #=> ['foo', 0, 'bar', 7, 'baz']
+ *     arr          #=> ['foo', 0, 'bar', 7, 'baz']
+ *
+ *  Another common need is to remove duplicate elements from an array.
+ *
+ *  It has the non-destructive #uniq, and destructive method #uniq!
+ *
+ *     arr = [2, 5, 6, 556, 6, 6, 8, 9, 0, 123, 556]
+ *     arr.uniq #=> [2, 5, 6, 556, 8, 9, 0, 123]
+ *
+ *  == Iterating over Arrays
+ *
+ *  Like all classes that include the Enumerable module, \Array has an each
+ *  method, which defines what elements should be iterated over and how.  In
+ *  case of Array's #each, all elements in the \Array instance are yielded to
+ *  the supplied block in sequence.
+ *
+ *  Note that this operation leaves the array unchanged.
+ *
+ *     arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *     arr.each {|a| print a -= 10, " "}
+ *     # prints: -9 -8 -7 -6 -5
+ *     #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ *  Another sometimes useful iterator is #reverse_each which will iterate over
+ *  the elements in the array in reverse order.
+ *
+ *     words = %w[first second third fourth fifth sixth]
+ *     str = ""
+ *     words.reverse_each {|word| str += "#{word} "}
+ *     p str #=> "sixth fifth fourth third second first "
+ *
+ *  The #map method can be used to create a new array based on the original
+ *  array, but with the values modified by the supplied block:
+ *
+ *     arr.map {|a| 2*a}     #=> [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
+ *     arr                   #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *     arr.map! {|a| a**2}   #=> [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
+ *     arr                   #=> [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
+ *
+ *
+ *  == Selecting Items from an \Array
+ *
+ *  Elements can be selected from an array according to criteria defined in a
+ *  block.  The selection can happen in a destructive or a non-destructive
+ *  manner.  While the destructive operations will modify the array they were
+ *  called on, the non-destructive methods usually return a new array with the
+ *  selected elements, but leave the original array unchanged.
+ *
+ *  === Non-destructive Selection
+ *
+ *     arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *     arr.select {|a| a > 3}       #=> [4, 5, 6]
+ *     arr.reject {|a| a < 3}       #=> [3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *     arr.drop_while {|a| a < 4}   #=> [4, 5, 6]
+ *     arr                          #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *
+ *  === Destructive Selection
+ *
+ *  #select! and #reject! are the corresponding destructive methods to #select
+ *  and #reject
+ *
+ *  Similar to #select vs. #reject, #delete_if and #keep_if have the exact
+ *  opposite result when supplied with the same block:
+ *
+ *     arr.delete_if {|a| a < 4}   #=> [4, 5, 6]
+ *     arr                         #=> [4, 5, 6]
+ *
+ *     arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ *     arr.keep_if {|a| a < 4}   #=> [1, 2, 3]
+ *     arr                       #=> [1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ *  == What's Here
+ *
+ *  First, what's elsewhere. \Class \Array:
+ *
+ *  - Inherits from {class Object}[rdoc-ref:Object@What-27s+Here].
+ *  - Includes {module Enumerable}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@What-27s+Here],
+ *    which provides dozens of additional methods.
+ *
+ *  Here, class \Array provides methods that are useful for:
+ *
+ *  - {Creating an Array}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Creating+an+Array]
+ *  - {Querying}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Querying]
+ *  - {Comparing}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Comparing]
+ *  - {Fetching}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Fetching]
+ *  - {Assigning}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Assigning]
+ *  - {Deleting}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Deleting]
+ *  - {Combining}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Combining]
+ *  - {Iterating}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Iterating]
+ *  - {Converting}[rdoc-ref:Array@Methods+for+Converting]
+ *  - {And more....}[rdoc-ref:Array@Other+Methods]
+ *
+ *  === Methods for Creating an \Array
+ *
+ *  - ::[]: Returns a new array populated with given objects.
+ *  - ::new: Returns a new array.
+ *  - ::try_convert: Returns a new array created from a given object.
+ *
+ *  === Methods for Querying
+ *
+ *  - #length, #size: Returns the count of elements.
+ *  - #include?: Returns whether any element <tt>==</tt> a given object.
+ *  - #empty?: Returns whether there are no elements.
+ *  - #all?: Returns whether all elements meet a given criterion.
+ *  - #any?: Returns whether any element meets a given criterion.
+ *  - #none?: Returns whether no element <tt>==</tt> a given object.
+ *  - #one?: Returns whether exactly one element <tt>==</tt> a given object.
+ *  - #count: Returns the count of elements that meet a given criterion.
+ *  - #find_index, #index: Returns the index of the first element that meets a given criterion.
+ *  - #rindex: Returns the index of the last element that meets a given criterion.
+ *  - #hash: Returns the integer hash code.
+ *
+ *  === Methods for Comparing
+ *
+ *  - #<=>: Returns -1, 0, or 1 * as +self+ is less than, equal to, or
+ *    greater than a given object.
+ *  - #==: Returns whether each element in +self+ is <tt>==</tt> to the corresponding element
+ *    in a given object.
+ *  - #eql?: Returns whether each element in +self+ is <tt>eql?</tt> to the corresponding
+ *    element in a given object.
+
+ *  === Methods for Fetching
+ *
+ *  These methods do not modify +self+.
+ *
+ *  - #[]: Returns one or more elements.
+ *  - #fetch: Returns the element at a given offset.
+ *  - #first: Returns one or more leading elements.
+ *  - #last: Returns one or more trailing elements.
+ *  - #max: Returns one or more maximum-valued elements,
+ *    as determined by <tt><=></tt> or a given block.
+ *  - #min: Returns one or more minimum-valued elements,
+ *    as determined by <tt><=></tt> or a given block.
+ *  - #minmax: Returns the minimum-valued and maximum-valued elements,
+ *    as determined by <tt><=></tt> or a given block.
+ *  - #assoc: Returns the first element that is an array
+ *    whose first element <tt>==</tt> a given object.
+ *  - #rassoc: Returns the first element that is an array
+ *    whose second element <tt>==</tt> a given object.
+ *  - #at: Returns the element at a given offset.
+ *  - #values_at: Returns the elements at given offsets.
+ *  - #dig: Returns the object in nested objects
+ *    that is specified by a given index and additional arguments.
+ *  - #drop: Returns trailing elements as determined by a given index.
+ *  - #take: Returns leading elements as determined by a given index.
+ *  - #drop_while: Returns trailing elements as determined by a given block.
+ *  - #take_while: Returns leading elements as determined by a given block.
+ *  - #slice: Returns consecutive elements as determined by a given argument.
+ *  - #sort: Returns all elements in an order determined by <tt><=></tt> or a given block.
+ *  - #reverse: Returns all elements in reverse order.
+ *  - #compact: Returns an array containing all non-+nil+ elements.
+ *  - #select, #filter: Returns an array containing elements selected by a given block.
+ *  - #uniq: Returns an array containing non-duplicate elements.
+ *  - #rotate: Returns all elements with some rotated from one end to the other.
+ *  - #bsearch: Returns an element selected via a binary search
+ *    as determined by a given block.
+ *  - #bsearch_index: Returns the index of an element selected via a binary search
+ *    as determined by a given block.
+ *  - #sample: Returns one or more random elements.
+ *  - #shuffle: Returns elements in a random order.
+ *
+ *  === Methods for Assigning
+ *
+ *  These methods add, replace, or reorder elements in +self+.
+ *
+ *  - #[]=: Assigns specified elements with a given object.
+ *  - #push, #append, #<<: Appends trailing elements.
+ *  - #unshift, #prepend: Prepends leading elements.
+ *  - #insert: Inserts given objects at a given offset; does not replace elements.
+ *  - #concat: Appends all elements from given arrays.
+ *  - #fill: Replaces specified elements with specified objects.
+ *  - #replace: Replaces the content of +self+ with the content of a given array.
+ *  - #reverse!: Replaces +self+ with its elements reversed.
+ *  - #rotate!: Replaces +self+ with its elements rotated.
+ *  - #shuffle!: Replaces +self+ with its elements in random order.
+ *  - #sort!: Replaces +self+ with its elements sorted,
+ *    as determined by <tt><=></tt> or a given block.
+ *  - #sort_by!: Replaces +self+ with its elements sorted, as determined by a given block.
+ *
+ *  === Methods for Deleting
+ *
+ *  Each of these methods removes elements from +self+:
+ *
+ *  - #pop: Removes and returns the last element.
+ *  - #shift:  Removes and returns the first element.
+ *  - #compact!: Removes all +nil+ elements.
+ *  - #delete: Removes elements equal to a given object.
+ *  - #delete_at: Removes the element at a given offset.
+ *  - #delete_if: Removes elements specified by a given block.
+ *  - #keep_if: Removes elements not specified by a given block.
+ *  - #reject!: Removes elements specified by a given block.
+ *  - #select!, #filter!: Removes elements not specified by a given block.
+ *  - #slice!: Removes and returns a sequence of elements.
+ *  - #uniq!: Removes duplicates.
+ *
+ *  === Methods for Combining
+ *
+ *  - #&: Returns an array containing elements found both in +self+ and a given array.
+ *  - #intersection: Returns an array containing elements found both in +self+
+ *    and in each given array.
+ *  - #+: Returns an array containing all elements of +self+ followed by all elements of a given array.
+ *  - #-: Returns an array containing all elements of +self+ that are not found in a given array.
+ *  - #|: Returns an array containing all elements of +self+ and all elements of a given array,
+ *    duplicates removed.
+ *  - #union: Returns an array containing all elements of +self+ and all elements of given arrays,
+ *    duplicates removed.
+ *  - #difference: Returns an array containing all elements of +self+ that are not found
+ *    in any of the given arrays..
+ *  - #product: Returns or yields all combinations of elements from +self+ and given arrays.
+ *
+ *  === Methods for Iterating
+ *
+ *  - #each: Passes each element to a given block.
+ *  - #reverse_each:  Passes each element, in reverse order, to a given block.
+ *  - #each_index: Passes each element index to a given block.
+ *  - #cycle: Calls a given block with each element, then does so again,
+ *    for a specified number of times, or forever.
+ *  - #combination: Calls a given block with combinations of elements of +self+;
+ *    a combination does not use the same element more than once.
+ *  - #permutation: Calls a given block with permutations of elements of +self+;
+ *    a permutation does not use the same element more than once.
+ *  - #repeated_combination: Calls a given block with combinations of elements of +self+;
+ *    a combination may use the same element more than once.
+ *  - #repeated_permutation: Calls a given block with permutations of elements of +self+;
+ *    a permutation may use the same element more than once.
+ *
+ *  === Methods for Converting
+ *
+ *  - #map, #collect: Returns an array containing the block return-value for each element.
+ *  - #map!, #collect!: Replaces each element with a block return-value.
+ *  - #flatten: Returns an array that is a recursive flattening of +self+.
+ *  - #flatten!: Replaces each nested array in +self+ with the elements from that array.
+ *  - #inspect, #to_s: Returns a new String containing the elements.
+ *  - #join: Returns a newsString containing the elements joined by the field separator.
+ *  - #to_a: Returns +self+ or a new array containing all elements.
+ *  - #to_ary: Returns +self+.
+ *  - #to_h: Returns a new hash formed from the elements.
+ *  - #transpose: Transposes +self+, which must be an array of arrays.
+ *  - #zip: Returns a new array of arrays containing +self+ and given arrays;
+ *    follow the link for details.
+ *
+ *  === Other Methods
+ *
+ *  - #*: Returns one of the following:
+ *
+ *    - With integer argument +n+, a new array that is the concatenation
+ *      of +n+ copies of +self+.
+ *    - With string argument +field_separator+, a new string that is equivalent to
+ *      <tt>join(field_separator)</tt>.
+ *
+ *  - #abbrev: Returns a hash of unambiguous abbreviations for elements.
+ *  - #pack: Packs the elements into a binary sequence.
+ *  - #sum: Returns a sum of elements according to either <tt>+</tt> or a given block.
+ */
+
 void
-Init_Array()
+Init_Array(void)
 {
     rb_cArray  = rb_define_class("Array", rb_cObject);
     rb_include_module(rb_cArray, rb_mEnumerable);
 
-    rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cArray, ary_alloc);
+    rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cArray, empty_ary_alloc);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cArray, "new", rb_ary_s_new, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cArray, "[]", rb_ary_s_create, -1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cArray, "try_convert", rb_ary_s_try_convert, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "initialize", rb_ary_initialize, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "to_s", rb_ary_to_s, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "initialize_copy", rb_ary_replace, 1);
+
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "inspect", rb_ary_inspect, 0);
+    rb_define_alias(rb_cArray,  "to_s", "inspect");
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "to_a", rb_ary_to_a, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "to_ary", rb_ary_to_a, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "frozen?",  rb_ary_frozen_p, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "to_h", rb_ary_to_h, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "to_ary", rb_ary_to_ary_m, 0);
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "==", rb_ary_equal, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "eql?", rb_ary_eql, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "hash", rb_ary_hash, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "===", rb_ary_equal, 1);
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "[]", rb_ary_aref, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "[]=", rb_ary_aset, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "at", rb_ary_at, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "fetch", rb_ary_fetch, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "first", rb_ary_first, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "last", rb_ary_last, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "concat", rb_ary_concat, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "first", rb_ary_first, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "last", rb_ary_last, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "concat", rb_ary_concat_multi, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "union", rb_ary_union_multi, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "difference", rb_ary_difference_multi, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "intersection", rb_ary_intersection_multi, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "intersect?", rb_ary_intersect_p, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "<<", rb_ary_push, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "push", rb_ary_push_m, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "pop", rb_ary_pop, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "shift", rb_ary_shift, 0);
+    rb_define_alias(rb_cArray,  "append", "push");
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "pop", rb_ary_pop_m, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "shift", rb_ary_shift_m, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "unshift", rb_ary_unshift_m, -1);
+    rb_define_alias(rb_cArray,  "prepend", "unshift");
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "insert", rb_ary_insert, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "each", rb_ary_each, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "each_index", rb_ary_each_index, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "reverse_each", rb_ary_reverse_each, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "length", rb_ary_length, 0);
-    rb_define_alias(rb_cArray,  "size", "length");
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "size", rb_ary_length, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "empty?", rb_ary_empty_p, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "index", rb_ary_index, 1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "rindex", rb_ary_rindex, 1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "indexes", rb_ary_indexes, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "indices", rb_ary_indexes, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "copy_object", rb_ary_replace, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "find_index", rb_ary_index, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "index", rb_ary_index, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "rindex", rb_ary_rindex, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "join", rb_ary_join_m, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "reverse", rb_ary_reverse_m, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "reverse!", rb_ary_reverse_bang, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "rotate", rb_ary_rotate_m, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "rotate!", rb_ary_rotate_bang, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "sort", rb_ary_sort, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "sort!", rb_ary_sort_bang, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "sort_by!", rb_ary_sort_by_bang, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "collect", rb_ary_collect, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "collect!", rb_ary_collect_bang, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "select", rb_ary_select, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "map", rb_ary_collect, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "map!", rb_ary_collect_bang, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "select", rb_ary_select, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "select!", rb_ary_select_bang, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "filter", rb_ary_select, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "filter!", rb_ary_select_bang, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "keep_if", rb_ary_keep_if, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "values_at", rb_ary_values_at, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "delete", rb_ary_delete, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "delete_at", rb_ary_delete_at_m, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "delete_if", rb_ary_delete_if, 0);
@@ -1947,14 +8904,38 @@ Init_Array()
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "&", rb_ary_and, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "|", rb_ary_or, 1);
 
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "max", rb_ary_max, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "min", rb_ary_min, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "minmax", rb_ary_minmax, 0);
+
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "uniq", rb_ary_uniq, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "uniq!", rb_ary_uniq_bang, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "compact", rb_ary_compact, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "compact!", rb_ary_compact_bang, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "flatten", rb_ary_flatten, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "flatten!", rb_ary_flatten_bang, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "nitems", rb_ary_nitems, 0);
-
-    id_cmp = rb_intern("<=>");
-    inspect_key = rb_intern("__inspect_key__");
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "flatten", rb_ary_flatten, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "flatten!", rb_ary_flatten_bang, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "count", rb_ary_count, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "cycle", rb_ary_cycle, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "permutation", rb_ary_permutation, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "combination", rb_ary_combination, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "repeated_permutation", rb_ary_repeated_permutation, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "repeated_combination", rb_ary_repeated_combination, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "product", rb_ary_product, -1);
+
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "take", rb_ary_take, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "take_while", rb_ary_take_while, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "drop", rb_ary_drop, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "drop_while", rb_ary_drop_while, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "bsearch", rb_ary_bsearch, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "bsearch_index", rb_ary_bsearch_index, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "any?", rb_ary_any_p, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "all?", rb_ary_all_p, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "none?", rb_ary_none_p, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "one?", rb_ary_one_p, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "dig", rb_ary_dig, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "sum", rb_ary_sum, -1);
+
+    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "deconstruct", rb_ary_deconstruct, 0);
 }
+
+#include "array.rbinc"
diff --git a/array.rb b/array.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9fa9844e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/array.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+class Array
+  # call-seq:
+  #    array.shuffle!(random: Random) -> array
+  #
+  # Shuffles the elements of +self+ in place.
+  #    a = [1, 2, 3] #=> [1, 2, 3]
+  #    a.shuffle!    #=> [2, 3, 1]
+  #    a             #=> [2, 3, 1]
+  #
+  # The optional +random+ argument will be used as the random number generator:
+  #    a.shuffle!(random: Random.new(1))  #=> [1, 3, 2]
+  def shuffle!(random: Random)
+    Primitive.rb_ary_shuffle_bang(random)
+  end
+
+  # call-seq:
+  #    array.shuffle(random: Random) -> new_ary
+  #
+  # Returns a new array with elements of +self+ shuffled.
+  #    a = [1, 2, 3] #=> [1, 2, 3]
+  #    a.shuffle     #=> [2, 3, 1]
+  #    a             #=> [1, 2, 3]
+  #
+  # The optional +random+ argument will be used as the random number generator:
+  #    a.shuffle(random: Random.new(1))  #=> [1, 3, 2]
+  def shuffle(random: Random)
+    Primitive.rb_ary_shuffle(random)
+  end
+
+  # call-seq:
+  #    array.sample(random: Random) -> object
+  #    array.sample(n, random: Random) -> new_ary
+  #
+  # Returns random elements from +self+.
+  #
+  # When no arguments are given, returns a random element from +self+:
+  #    a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
+  #    a.sample # => 3
+  #    a.sample # => 8
+  # If +self+ is empty, returns +nil+.
+  #
+  # When argument +n+ is given, returns a new \Array containing +n+ random
+  # elements from +self+:
+  #    a.sample(3) # => [8, 9, 2]
+  #    a.sample(6) # => [9, 6, 10, 3, 1, 4]
+  # Returns no more than <tt>a.size</tt> elements
+  # (because no new duplicates are introduced):
+  #    a.sample(a.size * 2) # => [6, 4, 1, 8, 5, 9, 10, 2, 3, 7]
+  # But +self+ may contain duplicates:
+  #    a = [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3]
+  #    a.sample(a.size * 2) # => [1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2]
+  # The argument +n+ must be a non-negative numeric value.
+  # The order of the result array is unrelated to the order of +self+.
+  # Returns a new empty \Array if +self+ is empty.
+  #
+  # The optional +random+ argument will be used as the random number generator:
+  #    a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
+  #    a.sample(random: Random.new(1))     #=> 6
+  #    a.sample(4, random: Random.new(1))  #=> [6, 10, 9, 2]
+  def sample(n = (ary = false), random: Random)
+    if Primitive.mandatory_only?
+      # Primitive.cexpr! %{ rb_ary_sample(self, rb_cRandom, Qfalse, Qfalse) }
+      Primitive.ary_sample0
+    else
+      # Primitive.cexpr! %{ rb_ary_sample(self, random, n, ary) }
+      Primitive.ary_sample(random, n, ary)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/ast.c b/ast.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..adb7287ed3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ast.c
@@ -0,0 +1,773 @@
+/* indent-tabs-mode: nil */
+#include "internal.h"
+#include "internal/parse.h"
+#include "internal/symbol.h"
+#include "internal/warnings.h"
+#include "iseq.h"
+#include "node.h"
+#include "ruby.h"
+#include "ruby/encoding.h"
+#include "ruby/util.h"
+#include "vm_core.h"
+
+#include "builtin.h"
+
+static VALUE rb_mAST;
+static VALUE rb_cNode;
+
+struct ASTNodeData {
+    rb_ast_t *ast;
+    const NODE *node;
+};
+
+static void
+node_gc_mark(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data = (struct ASTNodeData *)ptr;
+    rb_gc_mark((VALUE)data->ast);
+}
+
+static size_t
+node_memsize(const void *ptr)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data = (struct ASTNodeData *)ptr;
+    return rb_ast_memsize(data->ast);
+}
+
+static const rb_data_type_t rb_node_type = {
+    "AST/node",
+    {node_gc_mark, RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE, node_memsize,},
+    0, 0,
+    RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+};
+
+static VALUE rb_ast_node_alloc(VALUE klass);
+
+static void
+setup_node(VALUE obj, rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+    data->ast = ast;
+    data->node = node;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_new_internal(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
+{
+    VALUE obj;
+
+    obj = rb_ast_node_alloc(rb_cNode);
+    setup_node(obj, ast, node);
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE rb_ast_parse_str(VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens);
+static VALUE rb_ast_parse_file(VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens);
+
+static VALUE
+ast_parse_new(void)
+{
+    return rb_parser_set_context(rb_parser_new(), NULL, 0);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_parse_done(rb_ast_t *ast)
+{
+    if (!ast->body.root) {
+        rb_ast_dispose(ast);
+        rb_exc_raise(GET_EC()->errinfo);
+    }
+
+    return ast_new_internal(ast, (NODE *)ast->body.root);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_s_parse(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
+{
+    return rb_ast_parse_str(str, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ast_parse_str(VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
+{
+    rb_ast_t *ast = 0;
+
+    StringValue(str);
+    VALUE vparser = ast_parse_new();
+    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_keep_script_lines(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(error_tolerant)) rb_parser_error_tolerant(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_tokens)) rb_parser_keep_tokens(vparser);
+    ast = rb_parser_compile_string_path(vparser, Qnil, str, 1);
+    return ast_parse_done(ast);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_s_parse_file(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
+{
+    return rb_ast_parse_file(path, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ast_parse_file(VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
+{
+    VALUE f;
+    rb_ast_t *ast = 0;
+    rb_encoding *enc = rb_utf8_encoding();
+
+    FilePathValue(path);
+    f = rb_file_open_str(path, "r");
+    rb_funcall(f, rb_intern("set_encoding"), 2, rb_enc_from_encoding(enc), rb_str_new_cstr("-"));
+    VALUE vparser = ast_parse_new();
+    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_keep_script_lines(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(error_tolerant))  rb_parser_error_tolerant(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_tokens))  rb_parser_keep_tokens(vparser);
+    ast = rb_parser_compile_file_path(vparser, Qnil, f, 1);
+    rb_io_close(f);
+    return ast_parse_done(ast);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+lex_array(VALUE array, int index)
+{
+    VALUE str = rb_ary_entry(array, index);
+    if (!NIL_P(str)) {
+        StringValue(str);
+        if (!rb_enc_asciicompat(rb_enc_get(str))) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid source encoding");
+        }
+    }
+    return str;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ast_parse_array(VALUE array, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
+{
+    rb_ast_t *ast = 0;
+
+    array = rb_check_array_type(array);
+    VALUE vparser = ast_parse_new();
+    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_keep_script_lines(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(error_tolerant)) rb_parser_error_tolerant(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_tokens)) rb_parser_keep_tokens(vparser);
+    ast = rb_parser_compile_generic(vparser, lex_array, Qnil, array, 1);
+    return ast_parse_done(ast);
+}
+
+static VALUE node_children(rb_ast_t*, const NODE*);
+
+static VALUE
+node_find(VALUE self, const int node_id)
+{
+    VALUE ary;
+    long i;
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    if (nd_node_id(data->node) == node_id) return self;
+
+    ary = node_children(data->ast, data->node);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+        VALUE child = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+
+        if (CLASS_OF(child) == rb_cNode) {
+            VALUE result = node_find(child, node_id);
+            if (RTEST(result)) return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+extern VALUE rb_e_script;
+
+static VALUE
+script_lines(VALUE path)
+{
+    VALUE hash, lines;
+    ID script_lines;
+    CONST_ID(script_lines, "SCRIPT_LINES__");
+    if (!rb_const_defined_at(rb_cObject, script_lines)) return Qnil;
+    hash = rb_const_get_at(rb_cObject, script_lines);
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(hash, T_HASH)) return Qnil;
+    lines = rb_hash_lookup(hash, path);
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(lines, T_ARRAY)) return Qnil;
+    return lines;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+node_id_for_backtrace_location(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE location)
+{
+    int node_id;
+
+    if (!rb_frame_info_p(location)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "Thread::Backtrace::Location object expected");
+    }
+
+    node_id = rb_get_node_id_from_frame_info(location);
+    if (node_id == -1) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+
+    return INT2NUM(node_id);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_s_of(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE body, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
+{
+    VALUE node, lines = Qnil;
+    const rb_iseq_t *iseq;
+    int node_id;
+
+    if (rb_frame_info_p(body)) {
+        iseq = rb_get_iseq_from_frame_info(body);
+        node_id = rb_get_node_id_from_frame_info(body);
+    }
+    else {
+        iseq = NULL;
+
+        if (rb_obj_is_proc(body)) {
+            iseq = vm_proc_iseq(body);
+
+            if (!rb_obj_is_iseq((VALUE)iseq)) return Qnil;
+        }
+        else {
+            iseq = rb_method_iseq(body);
+        }
+        if (iseq) {
+            node_id = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.node_id;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!iseq) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    lines = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->variable.script_lines;
+
+    VALUE path = rb_iseq_path(iseq);
+    int e_option = RSTRING_LEN(path) == 2 && memcmp(RSTRING_PTR(path), "-e", 2) == 0;
+
+    if (NIL_P(lines) && rb_iseq_from_eval_p(iseq) && !e_option) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "cannot get AST for method defined in eval");
+    }
+
+    if (!NIL_P(lines) || !NIL_P(lines = script_lines(path))) {
+        node = rb_ast_parse_array(lines, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
+    }
+    else if (e_option) {
+        node = rb_ast_parse_str(rb_e_script, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
+    }
+    else {
+        node = rb_ast_parse_file(path, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
+    }
+
+    return node_find(node, node_id);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ast_node_alloc(VALUE klass)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    VALUE obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static const char*
+node_type_to_str(const NODE *node)
+{
+    return (ruby_node_name(nd_type(node)) + rb_strlen_lit("NODE_"));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_type(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return rb_sym_intern_ascii_cstr(node_type_to_str(data->node));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_node_id(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return INT2FIX(nd_node_id(data->node));
+}
+
+#define NEW_CHILD(ast, node) node ? ast_new_internal(ast, node) : Qnil
+
+static VALUE
+rb_ary_new_from_node_args(rb_ast_t *ast, long n, ...)
+{
+    va_list ar;
+    VALUE ary;
+    long i;
+
+    ary = rb_ary_new2(n);
+
+    va_start(ar, n);
+    for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+        NODE *node;
+        node = va_arg(ar, NODE *);
+        rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node));
+    }
+    va_end(ar);
+    return ary;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+dump_block(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
+{
+    VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
+    do {
+        rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head));
+    } while (node->nd_next &&
+        nd_type_p(node->nd_next, NODE_BLOCK) &&
+        (node = node->nd_next, 1));
+    if (node->nd_next) {
+        rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_next));
+    }
+
+    return ary;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+dump_array(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
+{
+    VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
+    rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head));
+
+    while (node->nd_next && nd_type_p(node->nd_next, NODE_LIST)) {
+        node = node->nd_next;
+        rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head));
+    }
+    rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_next));
+
+    return ary;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+var_name(ID id)
+{
+    if (!id) return Qnil;
+    if (!rb_id2str(id)) return Qnil;
+    return ID2SYM(id);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+no_name_rest(void)
+{
+    ID rest;
+    CONST_ID(rest, "NODE_SPECIAL_NO_NAME_REST");
+    return ID2SYM(rest);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rest_arg(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *rest_arg)
+{
+    return NODE_NAMED_REST_P(rest_arg) ? NEW_CHILD(ast, rest_arg) : no_name_rest();
+}
+
+static VALUE
+node_children(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
+{
+    char name[DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BITS(sizeof(long) * CHAR_BIT) + 2]; /* including '$' */
+
+    enum node_type type = nd_type(node);
+    switch (type) {
+      case NODE_BLOCK:
+        return dump_block(ast, node);
+      case NODE_IF:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_cond, node->nd_body, node->nd_else);
+      case NODE_UNLESS:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_cond, node->nd_body, node->nd_else);
+      case NODE_CASE:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_CASE2:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_CASE3:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_WHEN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_head, node->nd_body, node->nd_next);
+      case NODE_IN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_head, node->nd_body, node->nd_next);
+      case NODE_WHILE:
+      case NODE_UNTIL:
+        return rb_ary_push(rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_cond, node->nd_body),
+                           RBOOL(node->nd_state));
+      case NODE_ITER:
+      case NODE_FOR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_iter, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_FOR_MASGN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_var);
+      case NODE_BREAK:
+      case NODE_NEXT:
+      case NODE_RETURN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_stts);
+      case NODE_REDO:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_RETRY:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_BEGIN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_RESCUE:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_head, node->nd_resq, node->nd_else);
+      case NODE_RESBODY:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_args, node->nd_body, node->nd_head);
+      case NODE_ENSURE:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_ensr);
+      case NODE_AND:
+      case NODE_OR:
+        {
+            VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
+
+            while (1) {
+                rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_1st));
+                if (!node->nd_2nd || !nd_type_p(node->nd_2nd, type))
+                    break;
+                node = node->nd_2nd;
+            }
+            rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_2nd));
+            return ary;
+        }
+      case NODE_MASGN:
+        if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(node->nd_args)) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_value, node->nd_head, node->nd_args);
+        }
+        else {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head),
+                                        no_name_rest());
+        }
+      case NODE_LASGN:
+      case NODE_DASGN:
+      case NODE_IASGN:
+      case NODE_CVASGN:
+      case NODE_GASGN:
+        if (NODE_REQUIRED_KEYWORD_P(node)) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(node->nd_vid), ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_REQUIRED_KEYWORD")));
+        }
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(node->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+      case NODE_CDECL:
+        if (node->nd_vid) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(node->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+        }
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_else), ID2SYM(node->nd_else->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+      case NODE_OP_ASGN1:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(4, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv),
+                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args->nd_head),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args->nd_body));
+      case NODE_OP_ASGN2:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(5, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv),
+                                    RBOOL(node->nd_next->nd_aid),
+                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_next->nd_vid),
+                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_next->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+      case NODE_OP_ASGN_AND:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head), ID2SYM(idANDOP),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+      case NODE_OP_ASGN_OR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head), ID2SYM(idOROP),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+      case NODE_OP_CDECL:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head),
+                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_aid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+      case NODE_CALL:
+      case NODE_OPCALL:
+      case NODE_QCALL:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv),
+                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args));
+      case NODE_FCALL:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args));
+      case NODE_VCALL:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
+      case NODE_SUPER:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_args);
+      case NODE_ZSUPER:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_LIST:
+      case NODE_VALUES:
+        return dump_array(ast, node);
+      case NODE_ZLIST:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_HASH:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_head);
+      case NODE_YIELD:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_head);
+      case NODE_LVAR:
+      case NODE_DVAR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, var_name(node->nd_vid));
+      case NODE_IVAR:
+      case NODE_CONST:
+      case NODE_CVAR:
+      case NODE_GVAR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(node->nd_vid));
+      case NODE_NTH_REF:
+        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "$%ld", node->nd_nth);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(rb_intern(name)));
+      case NODE_BACK_REF:
+        name[0] = '$';
+        name[1] = (char)node->nd_nth;
+        name[2] = '\0';
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(rb_intern(name)));
+      case NODE_MATCH2:
+        if (node->nd_args) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_recv, node->nd_value, node->nd_args);
+        }
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_recv, node->nd_value);
+      case NODE_MATCH3:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_recv, node->nd_value);
+      case NODE_MATCH:
+      case NODE_LIT:
+      case NODE_STR:
+      case NODE_XSTR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, node->nd_lit);
+      case NODE_ONCE:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_DSTR:
+      case NODE_DXSTR:
+      case NODE_DREGX:
+      case NODE_DSYM:
+        {
+            NODE *n = node->nd_next;
+            VALUE head = Qnil, next = Qnil;
+            if (n) {
+                head = NEW_CHILD(ast, n->nd_head);
+                next = NEW_CHILD(ast, n->nd_next);
+            }
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, node->nd_lit, head, next);
+        }
+      case NODE_EVSTR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_ARGSCAT:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_ARGSPUSH:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_SPLAT:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_head);
+      case NODE_BLOCK_PASS:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_DEFN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_defn));
+      case NODE_DEFS:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv), ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_defn));
+      case NODE_ALIAS:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_1st, node->nd_2nd);
+      case NODE_VALIAS:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(node->nd_alias), ID2SYM(node->nd_orig));
+      case NODE_UNDEF:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_undef);
+      case NODE_CLASS:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_cpath, node->nd_super, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_MODULE:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_cpath, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_SCLASS:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_recv, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_COLON2:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head), ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
+      case NODE_COLON3:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
+      case NODE_DOT2:
+      case NODE_DOT3:
+      case NODE_FLIP2:
+      case NODE_FLIP3:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_beg, node->nd_end);
+      case NODE_SELF:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_NIL:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_TRUE:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_FALSE:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_ERRINFO:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_DEFINED:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_head);
+      case NODE_POSTEXE:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_ATTRASGN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv), ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args));
+      case NODE_LAMBDA:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+      case NODE_OPT_ARG:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_body, node->nd_next);
+      case NODE_KW_ARG:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_body, node->nd_next);
+      case NODE_POSTARG:
+        if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(node->nd_1st)) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_1st, node->nd_2nd);
+        }
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, no_name_rest(),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_2nd));
+      case NODE_ARGS:
+        {
+            struct rb_args_info *ainfo = node->nd_ainfo;
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(10,
+                                        INT2NUM(ainfo->pre_args_num),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->pre_init),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->opt_args),
+                                        var_name(ainfo->first_post_arg),
+                                        INT2NUM(ainfo->post_args_num),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->post_init),
+                                        (ainfo->rest_arg == NODE_SPECIAL_EXCESSIVE_COMMA
+                                            ? ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_EXCESSIVE_COMMA"))
+                                            : var_name(ainfo->rest_arg)),
+                                        (ainfo->no_kwarg ? Qfalse : NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->kw_args)),
+                                        (ainfo->no_kwarg ? Qfalse : NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->kw_rest_arg)),
+                                        var_name(ainfo->block_arg));
+        }
+      case NODE_SCOPE:
+        {
+            rb_ast_id_table_t *tbl = node->nd_tbl;
+            int i, size = tbl ? tbl->size : 0;
+            VALUE locals = rb_ary_new_capa(size);
+            for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                rb_ary_push(locals, var_name(tbl->ids[i]));
+            }
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, locals, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_body));
+        }
+      case NODE_ARYPTN:
+        {
+            struct rb_ary_pattern_info *apinfo = node->nd_apinfo;
+            VALUE rest = rest_arg(ast, apinfo->rest_arg);
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(4,
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pconst),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, apinfo->pre_args),
+                                        rest,
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, apinfo->post_args));
+        }
+      case NODE_FNDPTN:
+        {
+            struct rb_fnd_pattern_info *fpinfo = node->nd_fpinfo;
+            VALUE pre_rest = rest_arg(ast, fpinfo->pre_rest_arg);
+            VALUE post_rest = rest_arg(ast, fpinfo->post_rest_arg);
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(4,
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pconst),
+                                        pre_rest,
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, fpinfo->args),
+                                        post_rest);
+        }
+      case NODE_HSHPTN:
+        {
+            VALUE kwrest = node->nd_pkwrestarg == NODE_SPECIAL_NO_REST_KEYWORD ? ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_NO_REST_KEYWORD")) :
+                                                                                 NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pkwrestarg);
+
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3,
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pconst),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pkwargs),
+                                        kwrest);
+        }
+      case NODE_ERROR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
+      case NODE_ARGS_AUX:
+      case NODE_LAST:
+        break;
+    }
+
+    rb_bug("node_children: unknown node: %s", ruby_node_name(type));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_children(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return node_children(data->ast, data->node);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_first_lineno(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return INT2NUM(nd_first_lineno(data->node));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_first_column(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return INT2NUM(nd_first_column(data->node));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_last_lineno(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return INT2NUM(nd_last_lineno(data->node));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_last_column(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return INT2NUM(nd_last_column(data->node));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_all_tokens(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return rb_ast_tokens(data->ast);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_inspect(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE str;
+    VALUE cname;
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    cname = rb_class_path(rb_obj_class(self));
+    str = rb_str_new2("#<");
+
+    rb_str_append(str, cname);
+    rb_str_catf(str, ":%s@%d:%d-%d:%d>",
+                node_type_to_str(data->node),
+                nd_first_lineno(data->node), nd_first_column(data->node),
+                nd_last_lineno(data->node), nd_last_column(data->node));
+
+    return str;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_node_script_lines(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+    VALUE ret = data->ast->body.script_lines;
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(ret, T_ARRAY)) return Qnil;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+#include "ast.rbinc"
+
+void
+Init_ast(void)
+{
+    rb_mAST = rb_define_module_under(rb_cRubyVM, "AbstractSyntaxTree");
+    rb_cNode = rb_define_class_under(rb_mAST, "Node", rb_cObject);
+    rb_undef_alloc_func(rb_cNode);
+}
diff --git a/ast.rb b/ast.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3f72c747f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ast.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+# for ast.c
+
+# AbstractSyntaxTree provides methods to parse Ruby code into
+# abstract syntax trees. The nodes in the tree
+# are instances of RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node.
+#
+# This module is MRI specific as it exposes implementation details
+# of the MRI abstract syntax tree.
+#
+# This module is experimental and its API is not stable, therefore it might
+# change without notice. As examples, the order of children nodes is not
+# guaranteed, the number of children nodes might change, there is no way to
+# access children nodes by name, etc.
+#
+# If you are looking for a stable API or an API working under multiple Ruby
+# implementations, consider using the _parser_ gem or Ripper. If you would
+# like to make RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree stable, please join the discussion
+# at https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14844.
+#
+module RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree
+
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(string, keep_script_lines: false, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
+  #
+  #  Parses the given _string_ into an abstract syntax tree,
+  #  returning the root node of that tree.
+  #
+  #    RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2")
+  #    # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:0-1:9>
+  #
+  #  If <tt>keep_script_lines: true</tt> option is provided, the text of the parsed
+  #  source is associated with nodes and is available via Node#script_lines.
+  #
+  #  If <tt>keep_tokens: true</tt> option is provided, Node#tokens are populated.
+  #
+  #  SyntaxError is raised if the given _string_ is invalid syntax. To overwrite this
+  #  behavior, <tt>error_tolerant: true</tt> can be provided. In this case, the parser
+  #  will produce a tree where expressions with syntax errors would be represented by
+  #  Node with <tt>type=:ERROR</tt>.
+  #
+  #     root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1; p(x; y=2")
+  #     # <internal:ast>:33:in `parse': syntax error, unexpected ';', expecting ')' (SyntaxError)
+  #     # x = 1; p(x; y=2
+  #     #           ^
+  #
+  #     root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1; p(x; y=2", error_tolerant: true)
+  #     # (SCOPE@1:0-1:15
+  #     #  tbl: [:x, :y]
+  #     #  args: nil
+  #     #  body: (BLOCK@1:0-1:15 (LASGN@1:0-1:5 :x (LIT@1:4-1:5 1)) (ERROR@1:7-1:11) (LASGN@1:12-1:15 :y (LIT@1:14-1:15 2))))
+  #     root.children.last.children
+  #     # [(LASGN@1:0-1:5 :x (LIT@1:4-1:5 1)),
+  #     #  (ERROR@1:7-1:11),
+  #     #  (LASGN@1:12-1:15 :y (LIT@1:14-1:15 2))]
+  #
+  #  Note that parsing continues even after the errored expresion.
+  #
+  def self.parse string, keep_script_lines: false, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false
+    Primitive.ast_s_parse string, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens
+  end
+
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse_file(pathname, keep_script_lines: false, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
+  #
+  #   Reads the file from _pathname_, then parses it like ::parse,
+  #   returning the root node of the abstract syntax tree.
+  #
+  #   SyntaxError is raised if _pathname_'s contents are not
+  #   valid Ruby syntax.
+  #
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse_file("my-app/app.rb")
+  #     # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:0-31:3>
+  #
+  #   See ::parse for explanation of keyword argument meaning and usage.
+  def self.parse_file pathname, keep_script_lines: false, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false
+    Primitive.ast_s_parse_file pathname, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens
+  end
+
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(proc, keep_script_lines: false, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false)   -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(method, keep_script_lines: false, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
+  #
+  #   Returns AST nodes of the given _proc_ or _method_.
+  #
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(proc {1 + 2})
+  #     # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:35-1:42>
+  #
+  #     def hello
+  #       puts "hello, world"
+  #     end
+  #
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(method(:hello))
+  #     # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:0-3:3>
+  #
+  #   See ::parse for explanation of keyword argument meaning and usage.
+  def self.of body, keep_script_lines: false, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false
+    Primitive.ast_s_of body, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens
+  end
+
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.node_id_for_backtrace_location(backtrace_location)   -> integer
+  #
+  #   Returns the node id for the given backtrace location.
+  #
+  #     begin
+  #       raise
+  #     rescue =>  e
+  #       loc = e.backtrace_locations.first
+  #       RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.node_id_for_backtrace_location(loc)
+  #     end # => 0
+  def self.node_id_for_backtrace_location backtrace_location
+    Primitive.node_id_for_backtrace_location backtrace_location
+  end
+
+  # RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node instances are created by parse methods in
+  # RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.
+  #
+  # This class is MRI specific.
+  #
+  class Node
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.type -> symbol
+    #
+    #  Returns the type of this node as a symbol.
+    #
+    #    root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2")
+    #    root.type # => :SCOPE
+    #    lasgn = root.children[2]
+    #    lasgn.type # => :LASGN
+    #    call = lasgn.children[1]
+    #    call.type # => :OPCALL
+    def type
+      Primitive.ast_node_type
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.first_lineno -> integer
+    #
+    #  The line number in the source code where this AST's text began.
+    def first_lineno
+      Primitive.ast_node_first_lineno
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.first_column -> integer
+    #
+    #  The column number in the source code where this AST's text began.
+    def first_column
+      Primitive.ast_node_first_column
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.last_lineno -> integer
+    #
+    #  The line number in the source code where this AST's text ended.
+    def last_lineno
+      Primitive.ast_node_last_lineno
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.last_column -> integer
+    #
+    #  The column number in the source code where this AST's text ended.
+    def last_column
+      Primitive.ast_node_last_column
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.tokens -> array
+    #
+    #  Returns tokens corresponding to the location of the node.
+    #  Returns +nil+ if +keep_tokens+ is not enabled when #parse method is called.
+    #
+    #    root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2", keep_tokens: true)
+    #    root.tokens # => [[0, :tIDENTIFIER, "x", [1, 0, 1, 1]], [1, :tSP, " ", [1, 1, 1, 2]], ...]
+    #    root.tokens.map{_1[2]}.join # => "x = 1 + 2"
+    #
+    #  Token is an array of:
+    #
+    #  - id
+    #  - token type
+    #  - source code text
+    #  - location [ first_lineno, first_column, last_lineno, last_column ]
+    def tokens
+      return nil unless all_tokens
+
+      all_tokens.each_with_object([]) do |token, a|
+        loc = token.last
+        if ([first_lineno, first_column] <=> [loc[0], loc[1]]) <= 0 &&
+           ([last_lineno, last_column]   <=> [loc[2], loc[3]]) >= 0
+           a << token
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.all_tokens -> array
+    #
+    #  Returns all tokens for the input script regardless the receiver node.
+    #  Returns +nil+ if +keep_tokens+ is not enabled when #parse method is called.
+    #
+    #    root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2", keep_tokens: true)
+    #    root.all_tokens # => [[0, :tIDENTIFIER, "x", [1, 0, 1, 1]], [1, :tSP, " ", [1, 1, 1, 2]], ...]
+    #    root.children[-1].all_tokens # => [[0, :tIDENTIFIER, "x", [1, 0, 1, 1]], [1, :tSP, " ", [1, 1, 1, 2]], ...]
+    def all_tokens
+      Primitive.ast_node_all_tokens
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.children -> array
+    #
+    #  Returns AST nodes under this one.  Each kind of node
+    #  has different children, depending on what kind of node it is.
+    #
+    #  The returned array may contain other nodes or <code>nil</code>.
+    def children
+      Primitive.ast_node_children
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.inspect -> string
+    #
+    #  Returns debugging information about this node as a string.
+    def inspect
+      Primitive.ast_node_inspect
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.node_id -> integer
+    #
+    #  Returns an internal node_id number.
+    #  Note that this is an API for ruby internal use, debugging,
+    #  and research. Do not use this for any other purpose.
+    #  The compatibility is not guaranteed.
+    def node_id
+      Primitive.ast_node_node_id
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.script_lines -> array
+    #
+    #  Returns the original source code as an array of lines.
+    #
+    #  Note that this is an API for ruby internal use, debugging,
+    #  and research. Do not use this for any other purpose.
+    #  The compatibility is not guaranteed.
+    def script_lines
+      Primitive.ast_node_script_lines
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.source -> string
+    #
+    #  Returns the code fragment that corresponds to this AST.
+    #
+    #  Note that this is an API for ruby internal use, debugging,
+    #  and research. Do not use this for any other purpose.
+    #  The compatibility is not guaranteed.
+    #
+    #  Also note that this API may return an incomplete code fragment
+    #  that does not parse; for example, a here document following
+    #  an expression may be dropped.
+    def source
+      lines = script_lines
+      if lines
+        lines = lines[first_lineno - 1 .. last_lineno - 1]
+        lines[-1] = lines[-1][0...last_column]
+        lines[0] = lines[0][first_column..-1]
+        lines.join
+      else
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/autogen.sh b/autogen.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f8cdf3c0c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/autogen.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+PWD=
+case "$0" in
+*/*) srcdir=`dirname $0`;;
+*) srcdir="";;
+esac
+
+symlink='--install --symlink'
+case " $* " in
+    *" -i "*|*" --install "*)
+        # reset to copy missing standard auxiliary files, instead of symlinks
+        symlink=
+        ;;
+esac
+
+exec ${AUTORECONF:-autoreconf} ${symlink} "$@" ${srcdir:+"$srcdir"}
diff --git a/basictest/runner.rb b/basictest/runner.rb
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0f398e7acc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basictest/runner.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#! ./miniruby
+
+exit if defined?(CROSS_COMPILING) and CROSS_COMPILING
+ruby = ENV["RUBY"]
+unless ruby
+  load './rbconfig.rb'
+  ruby = "./#{RbConfig::CONFIG['ruby_install_name']}#{RbConfig::CONFIG['EXEEXT']}"
+end
+unless File.exist? ruby
+  print "#{ruby} is not found.\n"
+  print "Try `make' first, then `make test', please.\n"
+  exit false
+end
+ARGV[0] and opt = ARGV[0][/\A--run-opt=(.*)/, 1] and ARGV.shift
+
+$stderr.reopen($stdout)
+error = ''
+
+srcdir = File.expand_path('..', File.dirname(__FILE__))
+if env = ENV["RUBYOPT"]
+  ENV["RUBYOPT"] = env + " -W1"
+end
+`#{ruby} #{opt} -W1 #{srcdir}/basictest/test.rb #{ARGV.join(' ')}`.each_line do |line|
+  if line =~ /^end of test/
+    print "\ntest succeeded\n"
+    exit true
+  end
+  error << line if %r:^(basictest/test.rb|not): =~ line
+end
+puts
+print error
+print "test failed\n"
+exit false
diff --git a/basictest/test.rb b/basictest/test.rb
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..95875b52a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basictest/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2367 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby
+# -*- coding: us-ascii -*-
+
+$testnum=0
+$ntest=0
+$failed = 0
+class Progress
+  def initialize
+    @color = nil
+    @tty = nil
+    @quiet = nil
+    @verbose = nil
+    ARGV.each do |arg|
+      case arg
+      when /\A--color(?:=(?:always|(auto)|(never)|(.*)))?\z/
+        warn "unknown --color argument: #$3" if $3
+        @color = $1 ? nil : !$2
+      when /\A--tty(=(?:yes|(no)|(.*)))?\z/
+        warn "unknown --tty argument: #$3" if $3
+        @tty = !$1 || !$2
+        true
+      when /\A-(q|-quiet)\z/
+        @quiet = true
+      when /\A-(v|-verbose)\z/
+        @verbose = true
+      end
+    end
+    @tty = STDERR.tty? && !STDOUT.tty? && /dumb/ !~ ENV["TERM"] if @tty.nil?
+    @eol = @tty && !@verbose ? "\r\e[K\r" : "\n"
+    case @color
+    when nil
+      @color = @tty
+    end
+    if @color
+      # dircolors-like style
+      colors = (colors = ENV['TEST_COLORS']) ? Hash[colors.scan(/(\w+)=([^:\n]*)/)] : {}
+      begin
+        File.read(File.join(__dir__, "../tool/colors")).scan(/(\w+)=([^:\n]*)/) do |n, c|
+          colors[n] ||= c
+        end
+      rescue
+      end
+      @passed = "\e[;#{colors["pass"] || "32"}m"
+      @failed = "\e[;#{colors["fail"] || "31"}m"
+      @reset = "\e[m"
+    else
+      @passed = @failed = @reset = ""
+    end
+    extend(Rotator) if @tty
+  end
+
+  def passed_string
+    "."
+  end
+  def failed_string
+    "#{@failed}F#{@reset}"
+  end
+  def init_string
+  end
+  def finish_string
+    if @quiet
+      @eol
+    else
+      "#{@passed}#{@ok ? 'OK' : ''} #{$testnum}#{@reset}#{@eol}"
+    end
+  end
+  def pass
+    STDERR.print passed_string
+  end
+  def fail
+    @ok = false
+    STDERR.print failed_string
+  end
+  def init
+    @ok = true
+    STDERR.print init_string
+  end
+  def finish
+    STDERR.print finish_string
+  end
+
+  module Rotator
+    ROTATOR = %w[- \\ | /]
+    BS = "\b" * ROTATOR[0].size
+    def passed_string
+      "#{BS}#{ROTATOR[(@count += 1) % ROTATOR.size]}"
+    end
+    def failed_string
+      "#{BS}#{super}#{ROTATOR[@count % ROTATOR.size]}"
+    end
+    def init_string
+      @count = 0
+      " "
+    end
+    def finish_string
+      s = "#{BS}#{' ' * BS.size}#{BS}#{super}"
+      s.gsub!(/\n/, "\r\e[2K\r") if @quiet
+      s
+    end
+  end
+end
+PROGRESS = Progress.new
+
+def test_check(what)
+  unless $ntest.zero?
+    PROGRESS.finish
+  end
+  STDERR.print "#{$0}:#{what} "
+  PROGRESS.init
+  $what = what
+  $testnum = 0
+end
+
+def test_ok(cond,n=1)
+  $testnum+=1
+  $ntest+=1
+  where = (st = caller(n)) ? st[0] : "caller error! (n=#{n}, trace=#{caller(0).join(', ')}"
+  if cond
+    PROGRESS.pass
+    printf "ok %d (%s)\n", $testnum, where
+  else
+    PROGRESS.fail
+    printf "not ok %s %d -- %s\n", $what, $testnum, where
+    $failed+=1
+  end
+  STDOUT.flush
+  STDERR.flush
+end
+
+# make sure conditional operators work
+
+test_check "assignment"
+
+a=[]; a[0] ||= "bar";
+test_ok(a[0] == "bar")
+h={}; h["foo"] ||= "bar";
+test_ok(h["foo"] == "bar")
+
+aa = 5
+aa ||= 25
+test_ok(aa == 5)
+bb ||= 25
+test_ok(bb == 25)
+cc &&=33
+test_ok(cc == nil)
+cc = 5
+cc &&=44
+test_ok(cc == 44)
+
+a = nil; test_ok(a == nil)
+a = 1; test_ok(a == 1)
+a = []; test_ok(a == [])
+a = [1]; test_ok(a == [1])
+a = [nil]; test_ok(a == [nil])
+a = [[]]; test_ok(a == [[]])
+a = [1,2]; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+a = [*[]]; test_ok(a == [])
+a = [*[1]]; test_ok(a == [1])
+a = [*[1,2]]; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+a = *[]; test_ok(a == [])
+a = *[1]; test_ok(a == [1])
+a = *[nil]; test_ok(a == [nil])
+a = *[[]]; test_ok(a == [[]])
+a = *[1,2]; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+a = *[*[]]; test_ok(a == [])
+a = *[*[1]]; test_ok(a == [1])
+a = *[*[1,2]]; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+a, = nil; test_ok(a == nil)
+a, = 1; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = []; test_ok(a == nil)
+a, = [1]; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = [nil]; test_ok(a == nil)
+a, = [[]]; test_ok(a == [])
+a, = 1,2; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = [1,2]; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = [*[]]; test_ok(a == nil)
+a, = [*[1]]; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = *[1,2]; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = [*[1,2]]; test_ok(a == 1)
+
+a, = *[]; test_ok(a == nil)
+a, = *[1]; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = *[nil]; test_ok(a == nil)
+a, = *[[]]; test_ok(a == [])
+a, = *[1,2]; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = *[*[]]; test_ok(a == nil)
+a, = *[*[1]]; test_ok(a == 1)
+a, = *[*[1,2]]; test_ok(a == 1)
+
+*a = nil; test_ok(a == [nil])
+*a = 1; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = []; test_ok(a == [])
+*a = [1]; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = [nil]; test_ok(a == [nil])
+*a = [[]]; test_ok(a == [[]])
+*a = [1,2]; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+*a = [*[]]; test_ok(a == [])
+*a = [*[1]]; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = [*[1,2]]; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+*a = *[]; test_ok(a == [])
+*a = *[1]; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = *[nil]; test_ok(a == [nil])
+*a = *[[]]; test_ok(a == [[]])
+*a = *[1,2]; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+*a = *[*[]]; test_ok(a == [])
+*a = *[*[1]]; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = *[*[1,2]]; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+a,b,*c = nil; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = 1; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = []; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = [1]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = [nil]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = [[]]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [[],nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = [1,2]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+a,b,*c = [*[]]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = [*[1]]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = [*[1,2]]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+
+a,b,*c = *[]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = *[1]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = *[nil]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = *[[]]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [[],nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = *[1,2]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+a,b,*c = *[*[]]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = *[*[1]]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = *[*[1,2]]; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+
+def f; yield nil; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield 1; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == 1)}
+def f; yield []; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == [])}
+def f; yield [1]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == [1])}
+def f; yield [nil]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == [nil])}
+def f; yield [[]]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == [[]])}
+def f; yield [*[]]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == [])}
+def f; yield [*[1]]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == [1])}
+def f; yield [*[1,2]]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == [1,2])}
+def f; yield *[]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield *[1]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == 1)}
+def f; yield *[nil]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield *[[]]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == [])}
+def f; yield *[*[]]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield *[*[1]]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == 1)}
+def f; yield *[*[1,2]]; end; f {|a| test_ok(a == 1)}
+
+def f; yield; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield nil; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield 1; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == 1)}
+def f; yield []; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield [1]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == 1)}
+def f; yield [nil]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield [[]]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == [])}
+def f; yield [*[]]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield [*[1]]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == 1)}
+def f; yield [*[1,2]]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == 1)}
+
+def f; yield *[]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield *[1]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == 1)}
+def f; yield *[nil]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield *[[]]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield *[*[]]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == nil)}
+def f; yield *[*[1]]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == 1)}
+def f; yield *[*[1,2]]; end; f {|a,| test_ok(a == 1)}
+
+def f; yield; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [])}
+def f; yield nil; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [nil])}
+def f; yield 1; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [1])}
+def f; yield []; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[]])}
+def f; yield [1]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[1]])}
+def f; yield [nil]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[nil]])}
+def f; yield [[]]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[[]]])}
+def f; yield [1,2]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[1,2]])}
+def f; yield [*[]]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[]])}
+def f; yield [*[1]]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[1]])}
+def f; yield [*[1,2]]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[1,2]])}
+
+def f; yield *[]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [])}
+def f; yield *[1]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [1])}
+def f; yield *[nil]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [nil])}
+def f; yield *[[]]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [[]])}
+def f; yield *[*[]]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [])}
+def f; yield *[*[1]]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [1])}
+def f; yield *[*[1,2]]; end; f {|*a| test_ok(a == [1,2])}
+
+def f; yield; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield nil; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield 1; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield []; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield [1]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield [nil]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield [[]]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [[],nil,[]])}
+def f; yield [*[]]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield [*[1]]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield [*[1,2]]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])}
+
+def f; yield *[]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield *[1]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield *[nil]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield *[[]]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield *[*[]]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield *[*[1]]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])}
+def f; yield *[*[1,2]]; end; f {|a,b,*c| test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])}
+
+def r; return; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == nil)
+def r; return nil; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == nil)
+def r; return 1; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == 1)
+def r; return []; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [])
+def r; return [1]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return [nil]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [nil])
+def r; return [[]]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [[]])
+def r; return [*[]]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [])
+def r; return [*[1]]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return [*[1,2]]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+def r; return *[]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [])
+def r; return *[1]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return *[nil]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [nil])
+def r; return *[[]]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [[]])
+def r; return *[*[]]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [])
+def r; return *[*[1]]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return *[*[1,2]]; end; a = r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+def r; return *[[]]; end; a = *r(); test_ok(a == [[]])
+def r; return *[*[1,2]]; end; a = *r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+def r; return; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [nil])
+def r; return nil; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [nil])
+def r; return 1; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return []; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [])
+def r; return [1]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return [nil]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [nil])
+def r; return [[]]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [[]])
+def r; return [1,2]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+def r; return [*[]]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [])
+def r; return [*[1]]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return [*[1,2]]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+def r; return *[]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [])
+def r; return *[1]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return *[nil]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [nil])
+def r; return *[[]]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [[]])
+def r; return *[1,2]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+def r; return *[*[]]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [])
+def r; return *[*[1]]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1])
+def r; return *[*[1,2]]; end; *a = r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+def r; return *[[]]; end; *a = *r(); test_ok(a == [[]])
+def r; return *[1,2]; end; *a = *r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+def r; return *[*[1,2]]; end; *a = *r(); test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+def r; return; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+def r; return nil; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+def r; return 1; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+def r; return []; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+def r; return [1]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+def r; return [nil]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+def r; return [[]]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [[],nil,[]])
+def r; return [1,2]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+def r; return [*[]]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+def r; return [*[1]]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+def r; return [*[1,2]]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+
+def r; return *[]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+def r; return *[1]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+def r; return *[nil]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+def r; return *[[]]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [[],nil,[]])
+def r; return *[1,2]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+def r; return *[*[]]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+def r; return *[*[1]]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+def r; return *[*[1,2]]; end; a,b,*c = r(); test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+
+f = lambda {|r,| test_ok([] == r)}
+f.call([], *[])
+
+f = lambda {|r,*l| test_ok([] == r); test_ok([1] == l)}
+f.call([], *[1])
+
+f = lambda{|x| x}
+test_ok(f.call(42) == 42)
+test_ok(f.call([42]) == [42])
+test_ok(f.call([[42]]) == [[42]])
+test_ok(f.call([42,55]) == [42,55])
+
+f = lambda{|x,| x}
+test_ok(f.call(42) == 42)
+test_ok(f.call([42]) == [42])
+test_ok(f.call([[42]]) == [[42]])
+test_ok(f.call([42,55]) == [42,55])
+
+f = lambda{|*x| x}
+test_ok(f.call(42) == [42])
+test_ok(f.call([42]) == [[42]])
+test_ok(f.call([[42]]) == [[[42]]])
+test_ok(f.call([42,55]) == [[42,55]])
+test_ok(f.call(42,55) == [42,55])
+
+f = lambda { |a, b=42, *c| [a,b,c] }
+test_ok(f.call(1      ) == [1,42,[  ]] )
+test_ok(f.call(1,43   ) == [1,43,[  ]] )
+test_ok(f.call(1,43,44) == [1,43,[44]] )
+
+f = lambda { |a, b=(a|16), *c, &block| [a,b,c,block&&block[]] }
+test_ok(f.call(8      )     == [8,24,[  ],nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(8,43   )     == [8,43,[  ],nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(8,43,44)     == [8,43,[44],nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(8      ){45} == [8,24,[  ],45 ] )
+test_ok(f.call(8,43   ){45} == [8,43,[  ],45 ] )
+test_ok(f.call(8,43,44){45} == [8,43,[44],45 ] )
+
+f = lambda { |a, b=42, *c, d| [a,b,c,d] }
+test_ok(f.call(1      ,99) == [1,42,[  ],99] )
+test_ok(f.call(1,43   ,99) == [1,43,[  ],99] )
+test_ok(f.call(1,43,44,99) == [1,43,[44],99] )
+
+f = lambda { |a, b=(a|16), &block| [a,b,block&&block[]] }
+test_ok(f.call(8   )     == [8,24,nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(8,43)     == [8,43,nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(8,43)     == [8,43,nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(8   ){45} == [8,24,45 ] )
+test_ok(f.call(8,43){45} == [8,43,45 ] )
+test_ok(f.call(8,43){45} == [8,43,45 ] )
+
+f = lambda { |a, b=42, d| [a,b,d] }
+test_ok(f.call(1   ,99) == [1,42,99] )
+test_ok(f.call(1,43,99) == [1,43,99] )
+test_ok(f.call(1,43,99) == [1,43,99] )
+
+f = lambda { |b=42, *c, &block| [b,c,block&&block[]] }
+test_ok(f.call(     )     == [42,[  ],nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(43   )     == [43,[  ],nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(43,44)     == [43,[44],nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(     ){45} == [42,[  ],45 ] )
+test_ok(f.call(43   ){45} == [43,[  ],45 ] )
+test_ok(f.call(43,44){45} == [43,[44],45 ] )
+
+f = lambda { |b=42, *c, d| [b,c,d] }
+test_ok(f.call(      99) == [42,[  ],99] )
+test_ok(f.call(43   ,99) == [43,[  ],99] )
+test_ok(f.call(43,44,99) == [43,[44],99] )
+
+f = lambda { |b=42, &block| [b,block&&block[]] }
+test_ok(f.call(  )     == [42,nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(43)     == [43,nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(43)     == [43,nil] )
+test_ok(f.call(  ){45} == [42,45 ] )
+test_ok(f.call(43){45} == [43,45 ] )
+test_ok(f.call(43){45} == [43,45 ] )
+
+f = lambda { |b=42, d| [b,d] }
+test_ok(f.call(   99) == [42,99] )
+test_ok(f.call(43,99) == [43,99] )
+test_ok(f.call(43,99) == [43,99] )
+
+
+a,=*[1]
+test_ok(a == 1)
+a,=*[[1]]
+test_ok(a == [1])
+a,=*[[[1]]]
+test_ok(a == [[1]])
+
+x, (y, z) = 1, 2, 3
+test_ok([1,2,nil] == [x,y,z])
+x, (y, z) = 1, [2,3]
+test_ok([1,2,3] == [x,y,z])
+x, (y, z) = 1, [2]
+test_ok([1,2,nil] == [x,y,z])
+
+a = loop do break; end; test_ok(a == nil)
+a = loop do break nil; end; test_ok(a == nil)
+a = loop do break 1; end; test_ok(a == 1)
+a = loop do break []; end; test_ok(a == [])
+a = loop do break [1]; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+a = loop do break [nil]; end; test_ok(a == [nil])
+a = loop do break [[]]; end; test_ok(a == [[]])
+a = loop do break [*[]]; end; test_ok(a == [])
+a = loop do break [*[1]]; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+a = loop do break [*[1,2]]; end; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+a = loop do break *[]; end; test_ok(a == [])
+a = loop do break *[1]; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+a = loop do break *[nil]; end; test_ok(a == [nil])
+a = loop do break *[[]]; end; test_ok(a == [[]])
+a = loop do break *[*[]]; end; test_ok(a == [])
+a = loop do break *[*[1]]; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+a = loop do break *[*[1,2]]; end; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+*a = loop do break; end; test_ok(a == [nil])
+*a = loop do break nil; end; test_ok(a == [nil])
+*a = loop do break 1; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = loop do break []; end; test_ok(a == [])
+*a = loop do break [1]; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = loop do break [nil]; end; test_ok(a == [nil])
+*a = loop do break [[]]; end; test_ok(a == [[]])
+*a = loop do break [1,2]; end; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+*a = loop do break [*[]]; end; test_ok(a == [])
+*a = loop do break [*[1]]; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = loop do break [*[1,2]]; end; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+*a = loop do break *[]; end; test_ok(a == [])
+*a = loop do break *[1]; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = loop do break *[nil]; end; test_ok(a == [nil])
+*a = loop do break *[[]]; end; test_ok(a == [[]])
+*a = loop do break *[1,2]; end; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+*a = loop do break *[*[]]; end; test_ok(a == [])
+*a = loop do break *[*[1]]; end; test_ok(a == [1])
+*a = loop do break *[*[1,2]]; end; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+*a = *loop do break *[[]]; end; test_ok(a == [[]])
+*a = *loop do break *[1,2]; end; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+*a = *loop do break *[*[1,2]]; end; test_ok(a == [1,2])
+
+a,b,*c = loop do break; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break nil; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break 1; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break []; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break [1]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break [nil]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break [[]]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [[],nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break [1,2]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break [*[]]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break [*[1]]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break [*[1,2]]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+
+a,b,*c = loop do break *[]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break *[1]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break *[nil]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break *[[]]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [[],nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break *[1,2]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break *[*[]]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [nil,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break *[*[1]]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,nil,[]])
+a,b,*c = loop do break *[*[1,2]]; end; test_ok([a,b,c] == [1,2,[]])
+
+def r(val); a = yield(); test_ok(a == val, 2); end
+r(nil){next}
+r(nil){next nil}
+r(1){next 1}
+r([]){next []}
+r([1]){next [1]}
+r([nil]){next [nil]}
+r([[]]){next [[]]}
+r([]){next [*[]]}
+r([1]){next [*[1]]}
+r([1,2]){next [*[1,2]]}
+
+r([]){next *[]}
+r([1]){next *[1]}
+r([nil]){next *[nil]}
+r([[]]){next *[[]]}
+r([]){next *[*[]]}
+r([1]){next *[*[1]]}
+r([1,2]){next *[*[1,2]]}
+
+def r(val); *a = yield(); test_ok(a == val, 2); end
+r([nil]){next}
+r([nil]){next nil}
+r([1]){next 1}
+r([]){next []}
+r([1]){next [1]}
+r([nil]){next [nil]}
+r([[]]){next [[]]}
+r([1,2]){next [1,2]}
+r([]){next [*[]]}
+r([1]){next [*[1]]}
+r([1,2]){next [*[1,2]]}
+
+def r(val); *a = *yield(); test_ok(a == val, 2); end
+r([[]]){next *[[]]}
+r([1,2]){next *[1,2]}
+r([1,2]){next *[*[1,2]]}
+
+def r(val); a,b,*c = yield(); test_ok([a,b,c] == val, 2); end
+r([nil,nil,[]]){next}
+r([nil,nil,[]]){next nil}
+r([1,nil,[]]){next 1}
+r([nil,nil,[]]){next []}
+r([1,nil,[]]){next [1]}
+r([nil,nil,[]]){next [nil]}
+r([[],nil,[]]){next [[]]}
+r([1,2,[]]){next [1,2]}
+r([nil,nil,[]]){next [*[]]}
+r([1,nil,[]]){next [*[1]]}
+r([1,2,[]]){next [*[1,2]]}
+
+def r(val); a,b,*c = *yield(); test_ok([a,b,c] == val, 2); end
+r([[],nil,[]]){next *[[]]}
+r([1,2,[]]){next *[1,2]}
+r([1,2,[]]){next *[*[1,2]]}
+
+test_check "condition"
+
+$x = '0';
+
+$x == $x && test_ok(true)
+$x != $x && test_ok(false)
+$x == $x || test_ok(false)
+$x != $x || test_ok(true)
+
+# first test to see if we can run the tests.
+
+test_check "if/unless";
+
+$x = 'test';
+test_ok(if $x == $x then true else false end)
+$bad = false
+unless $x == $x
+  $bad = true
+end
+test_ok(!$bad)
+test_ok(unless $x != $x then true else false end)
+
+test_check "case"
+
+case 5
+when 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8
+  test_ok(false)
+when 5
+  test_ok(true)
+end
+
+case 5
+when 5
+  test_ok(true)
+when 1..10
+  test_ok(false)
+end
+
+case 5
+when 1..10
+  test_ok(true)
+else
+  test_ok(false)
+end
+
+case 5
+when 5
+  test_ok(true)
+else
+  test_ok(false)
+end
+
+case "foobar"
+when /^f.*r$/
+  test_ok(true)
+else
+  test_ok(false)
+end
+
+test_check "while/until";
+
+while_tmp = "while_tmp.#{$$}"
+tmp = open(while_tmp, "w")
+tmp.print "tvi925\n";
+tmp.print "tvi920\n";
+tmp.print "vt100\n";
+tmp.print "Amiga\n";
+tmp.print "paper\n";
+tmp.close
+
+# test break
+
+tmp = open(while_tmp, "r")
+test_ok(tmp.kind_of?(File))
+
+while line = tmp.gets()
+  break if /vt100/ =~ line
+end
+
+test_ok(!tmp.eof? && /vt100/ =~ line)
+tmp.close
+
+# test next
+$bad = false
+tmp = open(while_tmp, "r")
+while line = tmp.gets()
+  next if /vt100/ =~ line
+  $bad = 1 if /vt100/ =~ line
+end
+test_ok(!(!tmp.eof? || /vt100/ =~ line || $bad))
+tmp.close
+
+# test redo
+$bad = false
+tmp = open(while_tmp, "r")
+while line = tmp.gets()
+  lastline = line
+  line = line.gsub(/vt100/, 'VT100')
+  if lastline != line
+    line.gsub!('VT100', 'Vt100')
+    redo
+  end
+  $bad = 1 if /vt100/ =~ line
+  $bad = 1 if /VT100/ =~ line
+end
+test_ok(tmp.eof? && !$bad)
+tmp.close
+
+sum=0
+for i in 1..10
+  sum += i
+  i -= 1
+  if i > 0
+    redo
+  end
+end
+test_ok(sum == 220)
+
+# test interval
+$bad = false
+tmp = open(while_tmp, "r")
+while line = tmp.gets()
+  break if 3
+  case line
+  when /vt100/, /Amiga/, /paper/
+    $bad = true
+  end
+end
+test_ok(!$bad)
+tmp.close
+
+File.unlink while_tmp or `/bin/rm -f "#{while_tmp}"`
+test_ok(!File.exist?(while_tmp))
+
+i = 0
+until i>4
+  i+=1
+end
+test_ok(i>4)
+
+
+# exception handling
+test_check "exception";
+
+begin
+  raise "this must be handled"
+  test_ok(false)
+rescue
+  test_ok(true)
+end
+
+$bad = true
+begin
+  raise "this must be handled no.2"
+rescue
+  if $bad
+    $bad = false
+    retry
+    test_ok(false)
+  end
+end
+test_ok(true)
+
+# exception in rescue clause
+$string = "this must be handled no.3"
+begin
+  begin
+    raise "exception in rescue clause"
+  rescue
+    raise $string
+  end
+  test_ok(false)
+rescue => e
+  test_ok($! == e)
+  test_ok(e.message == $string)
+  test_ok(e != $string)
+end
+
+# exception in ensure clause
+begin
+  begin
+    raise "this must be handled no.4"
+  ensure
+    raise "exception in ensure clause"
+  end
+  test_ok(false)
+rescue
+  test_ok(true)
+end
+
+$bad = true
+begin
+  begin
+    raise "this must be handled no.5"
+  ensure
+    $bad = false
+  end
+rescue
+end
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+$bad = true
+begin
+  begin
+    raise "this must be handled no.6"
+  ensure
+    $bad = false
+  end
+rescue
+end
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+$bad = true
+while true
+  begin
+    break
+  ensure
+    $bad = false
+  end
+end
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+test_ok(catch(:foo) {
+     loop do
+       loop do
+	 throw :foo, true
+	 break
+       end
+       break
+       test_ok(false)			# should not reach here
+     end
+     false
+   })
+
+test_check "array"
+test_ok([1, 2] + [3, 4] == [1, 2, 3, 4])
+test_ok([1, 2] * 2 == [1, 2, 1, 2])
+test_ok([1, 2] * ":" == "1:2")
+
+test_ok([1, 2].hash == [1, 2].hash)
+
+test_ok([1,2,3] & [2,3,4] == [2,3])
+test_ok([1,2,3] | [2,3,4] == [1,2,3,4])
+test_ok([1,2,3] - [2,3] == [1])
+
+$x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+test_ok($x[2] == 2)
+test_ok($x[1..3] == [1, 2, 3])
+test_ok($x[1,3] == [1, 2, 3])
+
+$x[0, 2] = 10
+test_ok($x[0] == 10 && $x[1] == 2)
+
+$x[0, 0] = -1
+test_ok($x[0] == -1 && $x[1] == 10)
+
+$x[-1, 1] = 20
+test_ok($x[-1] == 20 && $x.pop == 20)
+
+# array and/or
+test_ok(([1,2,3]&[2,4,6]) == [2])
+test_ok(([1,2,3]|[2,4,6]) == [1,2,3,4,6])
+
+# compact
+$x = [nil, 1, nil, nil, 5, nil, nil]
+$x.compact!
+test_ok($x == [1, 5])
+
+# uniq
+$x = [1, 1, 4, 2, 5, 4, 5, 1, 2]
+$x.uniq!
+test_ok($x == [1, 4, 2, 5])
+
+# empty?
+test_ok(!$x.empty?)
+$x = []
+test_ok($x.empty?)
+
+# sort
+$x = ["it", "came", "to", "pass", "that", "..."]
+$x = $x.sort.join(" ")
+test_ok($x == "... came it pass that to")
+$x = [2,5,3,1,7]
+$x.sort!{|a,b| a<=>b}		# sort with condition
+test_ok($x == [1,2,3,5,7])
+$x.sort!{|a,b| b-a}		# reverse sort
+test_ok($x == [7,5,3,2,1])
+
+# split test
+$x = "The Book of Mormon"
+test_ok($x.split(//).reverse!.join == $x.reverse)
+test_ok($x.reverse == $x.reverse!)
+test_ok("1 byte string".split(//).reverse.join(":") == "g:n:i:r:t:s: :e:t:y:b: :1")
+$x = "a b c  d"
+test_ok($x.split == ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
+test_ok($x.split(' ') == ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
+test_ok(defined? "a".chomp)
+test_ok("abc".scan(/./) == ["a", "b", "c"])
+test_ok("1a2b3c".scan(/(\d.)/) == [["1a"], ["2b"], ["3c"]])
+# non-greedy match
+test_ok("a=12;b=22".scan(/(.*?)=(\d*);?/) == [["a", "12"], ["b", "22"]])
+
+$x = [1]
+test_ok(($x * 5).join(":") == '1:1:1:1:1')
+test_ok(($x * 1).join(":") == '1')
+test_ok(($x * 0).join(":") == '')
+
+*$x = *(1..7).to_a
+test_ok($x.size == 7)
+test_ok($x == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
+
+$x = [1,2,3]
+$x[1,0] = $x
+test_ok($x == [1,1,2,3,2,3])
+
+$x = [1,2,3]
+$x[-1,0] = $x
+test_ok($x == [1,2,1,2,3,3])
+
+$x = [1,2,3]
+$x.concat($x)
+test_ok($x == [1,2,3,1,2,3])
+
+test_check "hash"
+$x = {1=>2, 2=>4, 3=>6}
+
+test_ok($x[1] == 2)
+
+test_ok(begin
+     for k,v in $x
+       raise if k*2 != v
+     end
+     true
+   rescue
+     false
+   end)
+
+test_ok($x.length == 3)
+test_ok($x.has_key?(1))
+test_ok($x.has_value?(4))
+test_ok($x.values_at(2,3) == [4,6])
+test_ok($x == {1=>2, 2=>4, 3=>6})
+
+$z = $x.keys.sort.join(":")
+test_ok($z == "1:2:3")
+
+$z = $x.values.sort.join(":")
+test_ok($z == "2:4:6")
+test_ok($x == $x)
+
+$x.shift
+test_ok($x.length == 2)
+
+$z = [1,2]
+$x[$z] = 256
+test_ok($x[$z] == 256)
+
+$x = Hash.new(0)
+$x[1] = 1
+test_ok($x[1] == 1)
+test_ok($x[2] == 0)
+
+$x = Hash.new([])
+test_ok($x[22] == [])
+test_ok($x[22].equal?($x[22]))
+
+$x = Hash.new{[]}
+test_ok($x[22] == [])
+test_ok(!$x[22].equal?($x[22]))
+
+$x = Hash.new{|h,k| $z = k; h[k] = k*2}
+$z = 0
+test_ok($x[22] == 44)
+test_ok($z == 22)
+$z = 0
+test_ok($x[22] == 44)
+test_ok($z == 0)
+$x.default = 5
+test_ok($x[23] == 5)
+
+$x = Hash.new
+def $x.default(k)
+  $z = k
+  self[k] = k*2
+end
+$z = 0
+test_ok($x[22] == 44)
+test_ok($z == 22)
+$z = 0
+test_ok($x[22] == 44)
+test_ok($z == 0)
+
+test_check "iterator"
+
+# yield at top level
+test_ok(!defined?(yield))
+
+$x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
+$y = []
+
+# iterator over array
+for i in $x
+  $y.push i
+end
+test_ok($x == $y)
+
+# nested iterator
+def tt
+  1.upto(10) {|i|
+    yield i
+  }
+end
+
+i=0
+tt{|i| break if i == 5}
+test_ok(i == 0)
+
+def tt2(dummy)
+  yield 1
+end
+
+def tt3(&block)
+  tt2(raise(ArgumentError,""),&block)
+end
+
+$x = false
+begin
+  tt3{}
+rescue ArgumentError
+  $x = true
+rescue Exception
+end
+test_ok($x)
+
+def tt4 &block
+  tt2(raise(ArgumentError,""),&block)
+end
+$x = false
+begin
+  tt4{}
+rescue ArgumentError
+  $x = true
+rescue Exception
+end
+test_ok($x)
+
+# iterator break/redo/next/retry
+done = true
+loop{
+  break
+  done = false			# should not reach here
+}
+test_ok(done)
+
+done = false
+$bad = false
+loop {
+  break if done
+  done = true
+  next
+  $bad = true			# should not reach here
+}
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+done = false
+$bad = false
+loop {
+  break if done
+  done = true
+  redo
+  $bad = true			# should not reach here
+}
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+$x = []
+for i in 1 .. 7
+  $x.push i
+end
+test_ok($x.size == 7)
+test_ok($x == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
+
+# append method to built-in class
+class Array
+  def iter_test1
+    collect{|e| [e, yield(e)]}.sort{|a,b|a[1]<=>b[1]}
+  end
+  def iter_test2
+    a = collect{|e| [e, yield(e)]}
+    a.sort{|a,b|a[1]<=>b[1]}
+  end
+end
+$x = [[1,2],[3,4],[5,6]]
+test_ok($x.iter_test1{|x|x} == $x.iter_test2{|x|x})
+
+class IterTest
+  def initialize(e); @body = e; end
+
+  def each0(&block); @body.each(&block); end
+  def each1(&block); @body.each {|*x| block.call(*x) } end
+  def each2(&block); @body.each {|*x| block.call(x) } end
+  def each3(&block); @body.each {|x| block.call(*x) } end
+  def each4(&block); @body.each {|x| block.call(x) } end
+  def each5; @body.each {|*x| yield(*x) } end
+  def each6; @body.each {|*x| yield(x) } end
+  def each7; @body.each {|x| yield(*x) } end
+  def each8; @body.each {|x| yield(x) } end
+
+  def f(a)
+    a
+  end
+end
+test_ok(IterTest.new(nil).method(:f).to_proc.call([1]) == [1])
+m = /\w+/.match("abc")
+test_ok(IterTest.new(nil).method(:f).to_proc.call([m]) == [m])
+
+IterTest.new([0]).each0 {|x| test_ok(x == 0)}
+IterTest.new([1]).each1 {|x| test_ok(x == 1)}
+IterTest.new([2]).each2 {|x| test_ok(x == [2])}
+#IterTest.new([3]).each3 {|x| test_ok(x == 3)}
+IterTest.new([4]).each4 {|x| test_ok(x == 4)}
+IterTest.new([5]).each5 {|x| test_ok(x == 5)}
+IterTest.new([6]).each6 {|x| test_ok(x == [6])}
+#IterTest.new([7]).each7 {|x| test_ok(x == 7)}
+IterTest.new([8]).each8 {|x| test_ok(x == 8)}
+
+IterTest.new([[0]]).each0 {|x| test_ok(x == [0])}
+IterTest.new([[1]]).each1 {|x| test_ok(x == [1])}
+IterTest.new([[2]]).each2 {|x| test_ok(x == [[2]])}
+IterTest.new([[3]]).each3 {|x| test_ok(x == 3)}
+IterTest.new([[4]]).each4 {|x| test_ok(x == [4])}
+IterTest.new([[5]]).each5 {|x| test_ok(x == [5])}
+IterTest.new([[6]]).each6 {|x| test_ok(x == [[6]])}
+IterTest.new([[7]]).each7 {|x| test_ok(x == 7)}
+IterTest.new([[8]]).each8 {|x| test_ok(x == [8])}
+
+IterTest.new([[0,0]]).each0 {|*x| test_ok(x == [[0,0]])}
+IterTest.new([[8,8]]).each8 {|*x| test_ok(x == [[8,8]])}
+
+def m0(v)
+  v
+end
+
+def m1
+  m0(block_given?)
+end
+test_ok(m1{p 'test'})
+test_ok(!m1)
+
+def m
+  m0(block_given?,&Proc.new{})
+end
+test_ok(m1{p 'test'})
+test_ok(!m1)
+
+class C
+  include Enumerable
+  def initialize
+    @a = [1,2,3]
+  end
+  def each(&block)
+    @a.each(&block)
+  end
+end
+
+test_ok(C.new.collect{|n| n} == [1,2,3])
+
+test_ok(Proc == lambda{}.class)
+test_ok(Proc == Proc.new{}.class)
+lambda{|a|test_ok(a==1)}.call(1)
+def block_test(klass, &block)
+  test_ok(klass === block)
+end
+
+block_test(NilClass)
+block_test(Proc){}
+
+def call_argument_test(state, proc, *args)
+  x = state
+  begin
+    proc.call(*args)
+  rescue ArgumentError
+    x = !x
+  end
+  test_ok(x,2)
+end
+
+call_argument_test(true, lambda{||})
+call_argument_test(false, lambda{||}, 1)
+call_argument_test(true, lambda{|a,|}, 1)
+call_argument_test(false, lambda{|a,|})
+call_argument_test(false, lambda{|a,|}, 1,2)
+
+call_argument_test(true, Proc.new{||})
+call_argument_test(true, Proc.new{||}, 1)
+call_argument_test(true, Proc.new{|a,|}, 1)
+call_argument_test(true, Proc.new{|a,|})
+call_argument_test(true, Proc.new{|a,|}, 1,2)
+
+def block_get(&block)
+  block
+end
+
+test_ok(Proc == block_get{}.class)
+call_argument_test(true, block_get{||})
+call_argument_test(true, block_get{||}, 1)
+call_argument_test(true, block_get{|a,|}, 1)
+call_argument_test(true, block_get{|a,|})
+call_argument_test(true, block_get{|a,|}, 1,2)
+
+call_argument_test(true, block_get(&lambda{||}))
+call_argument_test(false, block_get(&lambda{||}),1)
+call_argument_test(true, block_get(&lambda{|a,|}),1)
+call_argument_test(false, block_get(&lambda{|a,|}),1,2)
+
+blk = block_get{11}
+test_ok(blk.class == Proc)
+test_ok(blk.to_proc.class == Proc)
+test_ok(blk.clone.call == 11)
+test_ok(block_get(&blk).class == Proc)
+
+lmd = lambda{44}
+test_ok(lmd.class == Proc)
+test_ok(lmd.to_proc.class == Proc)
+test_ok(lmd.clone.call == 44)
+test_ok(block_get(&lmd).class == Proc)
+
+test_ok(Proc.new{|a,| a}.yield(1,2,3) == 1)
+call_argument_test(true, Proc.new{|a,|}, 1,2)
+
+test_ok(Proc.new{|&b| b.call(10)}.call {|x| x} == 10)
+test_ok(Proc.new{|a,&b| b.call(a)}.call(12) {|x| x} == 12)
+
+def test_return1
+  Proc.new {
+    return 55
+  }.yield + 5
+end
+test_ok(test_return1() == 55)
+def test_return2
+  lambda {
+    return 55
+  }.call + 5
+end
+test_ok(test_return2() == 60)
+
+def proc_call(&b)
+  b.call
+end
+def proc_yield()
+  yield
+end
+def proc_return1
+  lambda{return 42}.call+1
+end
+test_ok(proc_return1() == 43)
+def proc_return2
+  ->{return 42}.call+1
+end
+test_ok(proc_return2() == 43)
+def proc_return3
+  proc_call{return 42}+1
+end
+test_ok(proc_return3() == 42)
+def proc_return4
+  proc_yield{return 42}+1
+end
+test_ok(proc_return4() == 42)
+
+def ljump_test(state, proc, *args)
+  x = state
+  begin
+    proc.call(*args)
+  rescue LocalJumpError
+    x = !x
+  end
+  test_ok(x,2)
+end
+
+ljump_test(false, block_get{break})
+ljump_test(true, lambda{break})
+
+def exit_value_test(&block)
+  block.call
+rescue LocalJumpError
+  $!.exit_value
+end
+
+test_ok(45 == exit_value_test{break 45})
+
+test_ok(55 == begin
+              block_get{break 55}.call
+            rescue LocalJumpError
+              $!.exit_value
+            end)
+
+def block_call(&block)
+  block.call
+end
+
+def test_b1
+  block_call{break 11}
+end
+test_ok(test_b1() == 11)
+
+def ljump_rescue(r)
+  begin
+    yield
+  rescue LocalJumpError => e
+    r if /from proc-closure/ =~ e.message
+  end
+end
+
+def test_b2
+  ljump_rescue(22) do
+    block_get{break 21}.call
+  end
+end
+test_ok(test_b2() == 22)
+
+def test_b3
+  ljump_rescue(33) do
+    Proc.new{break 31}.yield
+  end
+end
+test_ok(test_b3() == 33)
+
+def test_b4
+  lambda{break 44}.call
+end
+test_ok(test_b4() == 44)
+
+def test_b5
+  ljump_rescue(55) do
+    b = block_get{break 54}
+    block_call(&b)
+  end
+end
+test_ok(test_b5() == 55)
+
+def test_b6
+  b = lambda{break 67}
+  block_call(&b)
+  66
+end
+test_ok(test_b6() == 66)
+
+def util_r7
+  block_get{break 78}
+end
+
+def test_b7
+  b = util_r7()
+  ljump_rescue(77) do
+    block_call(&b)
+  end
+end
+test_ok(test_b7() == 77)
+
+def util_b8(&block)
+  block_call(&block)
+end
+
+def test_b8
+  util_b8{break 88}
+end
+test_ok(test_b8() == 88)
+
+def util_b9(&block)
+  lambda{block.call; 98}.call
+end
+
+def test_b9
+  util_b9{break 99}
+end
+test_ok(test_b9() == 99)
+
+def util_b10
+  util_b9{break 100}
+end
+
+def test_b10
+  util_b10()
+end
+test_ok(test_b10() == 100)
+
+def test_b11
+  ljump_rescue(111) do
+    loop do
+      Proc.new{break 110}.yield
+      break 112
+    end
+  end
+end
+test_ok(test_b11() == 111)
+
+def test_b12
+  loop do
+    break lambda{break 122}.call
+    break 121
+  end
+end
+test_ok(test_b12() == 122)
+
+def test_b13
+  ljump_rescue(133) do
+    while true
+      Proc.new{break 130}.yield
+      break 131
+    end
+  end
+end
+test_ok(test_b13() == 133)
+
+def test_b14
+  while true
+    break lambda{break 144}.call
+    break 143
+  end
+end
+test_ok(test_b14() == 144)
+
+def test_b15
+  [0].each {|c| yield 1 }
+  156
+end
+test_ok(test_b15{|e| break 155 } == 155)
+
+def marity_test(m)
+  method = method(m)
+  test_ok(method.arity == method.to_proc.arity, 2)
+end
+marity_test(:test_ok)
+marity_test(:marity_test)
+marity_test(:p)
+
+class ITER_TEST1
+   def a
+     block_given?
+   end
+end
+
+class ITER_TEST2 < ITER_TEST1
+   def a
+     test_ok(super)
+     super
+   end
+end
+test_ok(ITER_TEST2.new.a {})
+
+class ITER_TEST3
+  def foo x
+    return yield if block_given?
+    x
+  end
+end
+
+class ITER_TEST4 < ITER_TEST3
+  def foo x
+    test_ok(super == yield)
+    test_ok(super(x, &nil) == x)
+  end
+end
+
+ITER_TEST4.new.foo(44){55}
+
+class ITER_TEST5
+   def tt(aa)
+     aa
+   end
+
+   def uu(a)
+      class << self
+         define_method(:tt) do |sym|
+            super(sym)
+         end
+      end
+   end
+
+   def xx(*x)
+     x.size
+   end
+end
+
+a = ITER_TEST5.new
+a.uu(12)
+test_ok(a.tt(1) == 1)
+
+class ITER_TEST6 < ITER_TEST5
+   def xx(*a)
+      a << 12
+      super
+   end
+end
+
+test_ok(ITER_TEST6.new.xx([24]) == 2)
+
+test_check "float"
+test_ok(2.6.floor == 2)
+test_ok((-2.6).floor == -3)
+test_ok(2.6.ceil == 3)
+test_ok((-2.6).ceil == -2)
+test_ok(2.6.truncate == 2)
+test_ok((-2.6).truncate == -2)
+test_ok(2.6.round == 3)
+test_ok((-2.4).truncate == -2)
+test_ok((13.4 % 1 - 0.4).abs < 0.0001)
+nan = 0.0/0
+def nan_test(x,y)
+  test_ok(x != y)
+  test_ok((x < y) == false)
+  test_ok((x > y) == false)
+  test_ok((x <= y) == false)
+  test_ok((x >= y) == false)
+end
+nan_test(nan, nan)
+nan_test(nan, 0)
+nan_test(nan, 1)
+nan_test(nan, -1)
+nan_test(nan, 1000)
+nan_test(nan, -1000)
+nan_test(nan, 1_000_000_000_000)
+nan_test(nan, -1_000_000_000_000)
+nan_test(nan, 100.0);
+nan_test(nan, -100.0);
+nan_test(nan, 0.001);
+nan_test(nan, -0.001);
+nan_test(nan, 1.0/0);
+nan_test(nan, -1.0/0);
+
+#s = "3.7517675036461267e+17"
+#test_ok(s == sprintf("%.16e", s.to_f))
+f = 3.7517675036461267e+17
+test_ok(f == sprintf("%.16e", f).to_f)
+
+
+test_check "bignum"
+def fact(n)
+  return 1 if n == 0
+  f = 1
+  while n>0
+    f *= n
+    n -= 1
+  end
+  return f
+end
+$x = fact(40)
+test_ok($x == $x)
+test_ok($x == fact(40))
+test_ok($x < $x+2)
+test_ok($x > $x-2)
+test_ok($x == 815915283247897734345611269596115894272000000000)
+test_ok($x != 815915283247897734345611269596115894272000000001)
+test_ok($x+1 == 815915283247897734345611269596115894272000000001)
+test_ok($x/fact(20) == 335367096786357081410764800000)
+$x = -$x
+test_ok($x == -815915283247897734345611269596115894272000000000)
+test_ok(2-(2**32) == -(2**32-2))
+test_ok(2**32 - 5 == (2**32-3)-2)
+
+$good = true;
+for i in 1000..1014
+  $good = false if ((1 << i) != (2**i))
+end
+test_ok($good)
+
+$good = true;
+n1= 1 << 1000
+for i in 1000..1014
+  $good = false if ((1 << i) != n1)
+  n1 *= 2
+end
+test_ok($good)
+
+$good = true;
+n2=n1
+for i in 1..10
+  n1 = n1 / 2
+  n2 = n2 >> 1
+  $good = false if (n1 != n2)
+end
+test_ok($good)
+
+$good = true;
+for i in 4000..4096
+  n1 = 1 << i;
+  if (n1**2-1) / (n1+1) != (n1-1)
+    $good = false
+  end
+end
+test_ok($good)
+
+b = 10**80
+a = b * 9 + 7
+test_ok(7 == a.modulo(b))
+test_ok(-b + 7 == a.modulo(-b))
+test_ok(b + -7 == (-a).modulo(b))
+test_ok(-7 == (-a).modulo(-b))
+test_ok(7 == a.remainder(b))
+test_ok(7 == a.remainder(-b))
+test_ok(-7 == (-a).remainder(b))
+test_ok(-7 == (-a).remainder(-b))
+
+test_ok(10**40+10**20 == 10000000000000000000100000000000000000000)
+test_ok(10**40/10**20 == 100000000000000000000)
+
+a = 677330545177305025495135714080
+b = 14269972710765292560
+test_ok(a % b == 0)
+test_ok(-a % b == 0)
+
+def shift_test(a)
+  b = a / (2 ** 32)
+  c = a >> 32
+  test_ok(b == c)
+
+  b = a * (2 ** 32)
+  c = a << 32
+  test_ok(b == c)
+end
+
+shift_test(-4518325415524767873)
+shift_test(-0xfffffffffffffffff)
+
+test_check "string & char"
+
+test_ok("abcd" == "abcd")
+test_ok("abcd" =~ /abcd/)
+test_ok("abcd" === "abcd")
+# compile time string concatenation
+test_ok("ab" "cd" == "abcd")
+test_ok("#{22}aa" "cd#{44}" == "22aacd44")
+test_ok("#{22}aa" "cd#{44}" "55" "#{66}" == "22aacd445566")
+test_ok("abc" !~ /^$/)
+test_ok("abc\n" !~ /^$/)
+test_ok("abc" !~ /^d*$/)
+test_ok(("abc" =~ /d*$/) == 3)
+test_ok("" =~ /^$/)
+test_ok("\n" =~ /^$/)
+test_ok("a\n\n" =~ /^$/)
+test_ok("abcabc" =~ /.*a/ && $& == "abca")
+test_ok("abcabc" =~ /.*c/ && $& == "abcabc")
+test_ok("abcabc" =~ /.*?a/ && $& == "a")
+test_ok("abcabc" =~ /.*?c/ && $& == "abc")
+test_ok(/(.|\n)*?\n(b|\n)/ =~ "a\nb\n\n" && $& == "a\nb")
+
+test_ok(/^(ab+)+b/ =~ "ababb" && $& == "ababb")
+test_ok(/^(?:ab+)+b/ =~ "ababb" && $& == "ababb")
+test_ok(/^(ab+)+/ =~ "ababb" && $& == "ababb")
+test_ok(/^(?:ab+)+/ =~ "ababb" && $& == "ababb")
+
+test_ok(/(\s+\d+){2}/ =~ " 1 2" && $& == " 1 2")
+test_ok(/(?:\s+\d+){2}/ =~ " 1 2" && $& == " 1 2")
+
+$x = <<END;
+ABCD
+ABCD
+END
+$x.gsub!(/((.|\n)*?)B((.|\n)*?)D/, '\1\3')
+test_ok($x == "AC\nAC\n")
+
+test_ok("foobar" =~ /foo(?=(bar)|(baz))/)
+test_ok("foobaz" =~ /foo(?=(bar)|(baz))/)
+
+$foo = "abc"
+test_ok("#$foo = abc" == "abc = abc")
+test_ok("#{$foo} = abc" == "abc = abc")
+
+foo = "abc"
+test_ok("#{foo} = abc" == "abc = abc")
+
+test_ok('-' * 5 == '-----')
+test_ok('-' * 1 == '-')
+test_ok('-' * 0 == '')
+
+foo = '-'
+test_ok(foo * 5 == '-----')
+test_ok(foo * 1 == '-')
+test_ok(foo * 0 == '')
+
+$x = "a.gif"
+test_ok($x.sub(/.*\.([^\.]+)$/, '\1') == "gif")
+test_ok($x.sub(/.*\.([^\.]+)$/, 'b.\1') == "b.gif")
+test_ok($x.sub(/.*\.([^\.]+)$/, '\2') == "")
+test_ok($x.sub(/.*\.([^\.]+)$/, 'a\2b') == "ab")
+test_ok($x.sub(/.*\.([^\.]+)$/, '<\&>') == "<a.gif>")
+
+# character constants(assumes ASCII)
+test_ok("a"[0] == ?a)
+test_ok(?a == ?a)
+test_ok(?\C-a == "\1")
+test_ok(?\M-a == "\341")
+test_ok(?\M-\C-a == "\201")
+test_ok("a".upcase![0] == ?A)
+test_ok("A".downcase![0] == ?a)
+test_ok("abc".tr!("a-z", "A-Z") == "ABC")
+test_ok("aabbcccc".tr_s!("a-z", "A-Z") == "ABC")
+test_ok("abcc".squeeze!("a-z") == "abc")
+test_ok("abcd".delete!("bc") == "ad")
+
+$x = "abcdef"
+$y = [ ?a, ?b, ?c, ?d, ?e, ?f ]
+$bad = false
+$x.each_byte {|i|
+  if i.chr != $y.shift
+    $bad = true
+    break
+  end
+}
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+s = "a string"
+s[0..s.size]="another string"
+test_ok(s == "another string")
+
+s = <<EOS
+#{
+[1,2,3].join(",")
+}
+EOS
+test_ok(s == "1,2,3\n")
+test_ok("Just".to_i(36) == 926381)
+test_ok("-another".to_i(36) == -23200231779)
+test_ok(1299022.to_s(36) == "ruby")
+test_ok(-1045307475.to_s(36) == "-hacker")
+test_ok("Just_another_Ruby_hacker".to_i(36) == 265419172580680477752431643787347)
+test_ok(-265419172580680477752431643787347.to_s(36) == "-justanotherrubyhacker")
+
+a = []
+(0..255).each {|n|
+  ch = [n].pack("C")
+  a.push ch if /a#{Regexp.quote ch}b/x =~ "ab"
+}
+test_ok(a.size == 0)
+
+test_check "assignment"
+a = nil
+test_ok(defined?(a))
+test_ok(a == nil)
+
+# multiple assignment
+a, b = 1, 2
+test_ok(a == 1 && b == 2)
+
+a, b = b, a
+test_ok(a == 2 && b == 1)
+
+a, = 1,2
+test_ok(a == 1)
+
+a, *b = 1, 2, 3
+test_ok(a == 1 && b == [2, 3])
+
+a, (b, c), d = 1, [2, 3], 4
+test_ok(a == 1 && b == 2 && c == 3 && d == 4)
+
+*a = 1, 2, 3
+test_ok(a == [1, 2, 3])
+
+*a = 4
+test_ok(a == [4])
+
+*a = nil
+test_ok(a == [nil])
+
+test_check "call"
+def aaa(a, b=100, *rest)
+  res = [a, b]
+  res += rest if rest
+  return res
+end
+
+# not enough argument
+begin
+  aaa()				# need at least 1 arg
+  test_ok(false)
+rescue
+  test_ok(true)
+end
+
+begin
+  aaa				# no arg given (exception raised)
+  test_ok(false)
+rescue
+  test_ok(true)
+end
+
+test_ok(aaa(1) == [1, 100])
+test_ok(aaa(1, 2) == [1, 2])
+test_ok(aaa(1, 2, 3, 4) == [1, 2, 3, 4])
+test_ok(aaa(1, *[2, 3, 4]) == [1, 2, 3, 4])
+
+test_check "proc"
+$proc = Proc.new{|i| i}
+test_ok($proc.call(2) == 2)
+test_ok($proc.call(3) == 3)
+
+$proc = Proc.new{|i| i*2}
+test_ok($proc.call(2) == 4)
+test_ok($proc.call(3) == 6)
+
+Proc.new{
+  iii=5				# nested local variable
+  $proc = Proc.new{|i|
+    iii = i
+  }
+  $proc2 = Proc.new {
+    $x = iii			# nested variables shared by procs
+  }
+  # scope of nested variables
+  test_ok(defined?(iii))
+}.call
+test_ok(!defined?(iii))		# out of scope
+
+loop{iii=5; test_ok(eval("defined? iii")); break}
+loop {
+  iii = 10
+  def dyna_var_check
+    loop {
+      test_ok(!defined?(iii))
+      break
+    }
+  end
+  dyna_var_check
+  break
+}
+$x=0
+$proc.call(5)
+$proc2.call
+test_ok($x == 5)
+
+if defined? Process.kill
+  test_check "signal"
+
+  $x = 0
+  trap "SIGINT", Proc.new{|sig| $x = 2}
+  Process.kill "SIGINT", $$
+  100.times {
+    sleep 0.1
+    break if $x != 0
+  }
+  test_ok($x == 2)
+
+  trap "SIGINT", Proc.new{raise "Interrupt"}
+
+  x = false
+  begin
+    Process.kill "SIGINT", $$
+    sleep 0.1
+  rescue
+    x = $!
+  end
+  test_ok(x && /Interrupt/ =~ x.message)
+end
+
+test_check "eval"
+test_ok(eval("") == nil)
+$bad=false
+eval 'while false; $bad = true; print "foo\n" end'
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+test_ok(eval('Object'))
+test_ok(eval('true'))
+test_ok(!eval('nil'))
+test_ok(!eval('false'))
+
+$foo = 'test_ok(true)'
+begin
+  eval $foo
+rescue
+  test_ok(false)
+end
+
+test_ok(eval("$foo") == 'test_ok(true)')
+test_ok(eval("true") == true)
+i = 5
+test_ok(eval("i == 5"))
+test_ok(eval("i") == 5)
+test_ok(eval("defined? i"))
+
+# eval with binding
+def test_ev
+  local1 = "local1"
+  lambda {
+    local2 = "local2"
+    return binding
+  }.call
+end
+
+$x = test_ev
+test_ok(eval("local1", $x) == "local1") # normal local var
+test_ok(eval("local2", $x) == "local2") # nested local var
+$bad = true
+begin
+  p eval("local1")
+rescue NameError		# must raise error
+  $bad = false
+end
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+module EvTest
+  EVTEST1 = 25
+  evtest2 = 125
+  $x = binding
+end
+test_ok(eval("EVTEST1", $x) == 25)	# constant in module
+test_ok(eval("evtest2", $x) == 125)	# local var in module
+$bad = true
+begin
+  eval("EVTEST1")
+rescue NameError		# must raise error
+  $bad = false
+end
+test_ok(!$bad)
+
+x = binding #! YARV Limitation: Proc.new{}
+eval "i4 = 1", x
+test_ok(eval("i4", x) == 1)
+x = Proc.new{binding}.call #! YARV Limitation: Proc.new{Proc.new{}}.call
+eval "i4 = 22", x
+test_ok(eval("i4", x) == 22)
+$x = []
+x = Proc.new{binding}.call #! YARV Limitation: Proc.new{Proc.new{}}.call
+eval "(0..9).each{|i5| $x[i5] = Proc.new{i5*2}}", x
+test_ok($x[4].call == 8)
+
+x = binding
+eval "i = 1", x
+test_ok(eval("i", x) == 1)
+x = Proc.new{binding}.call
+eval "i = 22", x
+test_ok(eval("i", x) == 22)
+$x = []
+x = Proc.new{binding}.call
+eval "(0..9).each{|i5| $x[i5] = Proc.new{i5*2}}", x
+test_ok($x[4].call == 8)
+x = Proc.new{binding}.call
+eval "for i6 in 1..1; j6=i6; end", x
+test_ok(eval("defined? i6", x))
+test_ok(eval("defined? j6", x))
+
+Proc.new {
+  p = binding
+  eval "foo11 = 1", p
+  foo22 = 5
+  Proc.new{foo11=22}.call
+  Proc.new{foo22=55}.call
+  test_ok(eval("foo11", p) == eval("foo11"))
+  test_ok(eval("foo11") == 1)
+  test_ok(eval("foo22", p) == eval("foo22"))
+  test_ok(eval("foo22") == 55)
+}.call if false #! YARV Limitation
+
+#! YARV Limitation: p1 = Proc.new{i7 = 0; Proc.new{i7}}.call
+p1 = Proc.new{i7 = 0; binding}.call
+#! YARV Limitation: test_ok(p1.call == 0)
+eval "i7=5", p1
+#! YARV Limitation: test_ok(p1.call == 5)
+test_ok(!defined?(i7))
+
+if false #! YARV Limitation
+p1 = Proc.new{i7 = 0; Proc.new{i7}}.call
+i7 = nil
+test_ok(p1.call == 0)
+eval "i7=1", p1
+test_ok(p1.call == 1)
+eval "i7=5", p1
+test_ok(p1.call == 5)
+test_ok(i7 == nil)
+end
+
+# WASI doesn't support spawning a new process for now.
+unless /wasi/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+test_check "system"
+test_ok(`echo foobar` == "foobar\n")
+test_ok(`./miniruby -e 'print "foobar"'` == 'foobar')
+
+script_tmp = "script_tmp.#{$$}"
+tmp = open(script_tmp, "w")
+tmp.print "print $zzz\n";
+tmp.close
+
+test_ok(`./miniruby -s #{script_tmp} -zzz` == 'true')
+test_ok(`./miniruby -s #{script_tmp} -zzz=555` == '555')
+
+tmp = open(script_tmp, "w")
+tmp.print "#! /usr/local/bin/ruby -s\n";
+tmp.print "print $zzz\n";
+tmp.close
+
+test_ok(`./miniruby #{script_tmp} -zzz=678` == '678')
+
+tmp = open(script_tmp, "w")
+tmp.print "this is a leading junk\n";
+tmp.print "#! /usr/local/bin/ruby -s\n";
+tmp.print "print $zzz\n";
+tmp.print "__END__\n";
+tmp.print "this is a trailing junk\n";
+tmp.close
+
+test_ok(`./miniruby -x #{script_tmp}` == '')
+test_ok(`./miniruby -x #{script_tmp} -zzz=555` == '555')
+
+tmp = open(script_tmp, "w")
+for i in 1..5
+  tmp.print i, "\n"
+end
+tmp.close
+
+`./miniruby -i.bak -pe '$_.sub!(/^[0-9]+$/){$&.to_i * 5}' #{script_tmp}`
+done = true
+tmp = open(script_tmp, "r")
+while tmp.gets
+  if $_.to_i % 5 != 0
+    done = false
+    break
+  end
+end
+tmp.close
+test_ok(done)
+
+File.unlink script_tmp or `/bin/rm -f "#{script_tmp}"`
+File.unlink "#{script_tmp}.bak" or `/bin/rm -f "#{script_tmp}.bak"`
+end # not /wasi/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+
+test_check "const"
+TEST1 = 1
+TEST2 = 2
+
+module Const
+  TEST3 = 3
+  TEST4 = 4
+end
+
+module Const2
+  TEST3 = 6
+  TEST4 = 8
+end
+
+include Const
+
+test_ok([TEST1,TEST2,TEST3,TEST4] == [1,2,3,4])
+
+include Const2
+STDERR.print "intentionally redefines TEST3, TEST4\n" if $VERBOSE
+test_ok([TEST1,TEST2,TEST3,TEST4] == [1,2,6,8])
+
+
+test_ok((String <=> Object) == -1)
+test_ok((Object <=> String) == 1)
+test_ok((Array <=> String) == nil)
+
+test_check "clone"
+foo = Object.new
+def foo.test
+  "test"
+end
+bar = foo.clone
+def bar.test2
+  "test2"
+end
+
+test_ok(bar.test2 == "test2")
+test_ok(bar.test == "test")
+test_ok(foo.test == "test")
+
+begin
+  foo.test2
+  test_ok false
+rescue NoMethodError
+  test_ok true
+end
+
+module M001; end
+module M002; end
+module M003; include M002; end
+module M002; include M001; end
+module M003; include M002; end
+
+test_ok(M003.ancestors == [M003, M002, M001])
+
+test_check "marshal"
+$x = [1,2,3,[4,5,"foo"],{1=>"bar"},2.5,fact(30)]
+$y = Marshal.dump($x)
+test_ok($x == Marshal.load($y))
+
+StrClone=String.clone;
+test_ok(Marshal.load(Marshal.dump(StrClone.new("abc"))).class == StrClone)
+
+[[1,2,3,4], [81, 2, 118, 3146]].each { |w,x,y,z|
+  a = (x.to_f + y.to_f / z.to_f) * Math.exp(w.to_f / (x.to_f + y.to_f / z.to_f))
+  ma = Marshal.dump(a)
+  b = Marshal.load(ma)
+  test_ok(a == b)
+}
+
+test_check "pack"
+
+$format = "c2x5CCxsdils_l_a6";
+# Need the expression in here to force ary[5] to be numeric.  This avoids
+# test2 failing because ary2 goes str->numeric->str and ary does not.
+ary = [1,-100,127,128,32767,987.654321098 / 100.0,12345,123456,-32767,-123456,"abcdef"]
+$x = ary.pack($format)
+ary2 = $x.unpack($format)
+
+test_ok(ary.length == ary2.length)
+test_ok(ary.join(':') == ary2.join(':'))
+test_ok($x =~ /def/)
+
+$x = [-1073741825]
+test_ok($x.pack("q").unpack("q") == $x)
+
+test_check "math"
+test_ok(Math.sqrt(4) == 2)
+
+include Math
+test_ok(sqrt(4) == 2)
+
+test_check "struct"
+struct_test = Struct.new("Test", :foo, :bar)
+test_ok(struct_test == Struct::Test)
+
+test = struct_test.new(1, 2)
+test_ok(test.foo == 1 && test.bar == 2)
+test_ok(test[0] == 1 && test[1] == 2)
+
+a, b = test.to_a
+test_ok(a == 1 && b == 2)
+
+test[0] = 22
+test_ok(test.foo == 22)
+
+test.bar = 47
+test_ok(test.bar == 47)
+
+test_check "variable"
+test_ok($$.instance_of?(Integer))
+
+# read-only variable
+begin
+  $$ = 5
+  test_ok false
+rescue NameError
+  test_ok true
+end
+
+foobar = "foobar"
+$_ = foobar
+test_ok($_ == foobar)
+
+class Gods
+  @@rule = "Uranus"
+  def ruler0
+    @@rule
+  end
+
+  def self.ruler1		# <= per method definition style
+    @@rule
+  end
+  class << self			# <= multiple method definition style
+    def ruler2
+      @@rule
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+module Olympians
+  @@rule ="Zeus"
+  def ruler3
+    @@rule
+  end
+end
+
+class Titans < Gods
+  @@rule = "Cronus"		# modifies @@rule in Gods
+  include Olympians
+  def ruler4
+    @@rule
+  end
+end
+
+test_ok(Gods.new.ruler0 == "Cronus")
+test_ok(Gods.ruler1 == "Cronus")
+test_ok(Gods.ruler2 == "Cronus")
+test_ok(Titans.ruler1 == "Cronus")
+test_ok(Titans.ruler2 == "Cronus")
+atlas = Titans.new
+test_ok(atlas.ruler0 == "Cronus")
+test_ok(atlas.ruler3 == "Zeus")
+begin
+  atlas.ruler4
+rescue RuntimeError => e
+  test_ok(e.message.include?("class variable @@rule of Olympians is overtaken by Gods"))
+else
+  test_ok(false)
+end
+test_ok(atlas.ruler3 == "Zeus")
+
+test_check "trace"
+$x = 1234
+$y = 0
+trace_var :$x, Proc.new{$y = $x}
+$x = 40414
+test_ok($y == $x)
+
+untrace_var :$x
+$x = 19660208
+test_ok($y != $x)
+
+trace_var :$x, Proc.new{$x *= 2}
+$x = 5
+test_ok($x == 10)
+
+untrace_var :$x
+
+test_check "defined?"
+
+test_ok(defined?($x))		# global variable
+test_ok(defined?($x) == 'global-variable')# returns description
+
+foo=5
+test_ok(defined?(foo))		# local variable
+
+test_ok(defined?(Array))	# constant
+test_ok(defined?(Object.new))	# method
+test_ok(!defined?(Object.print))# private method
+test_ok(defined?(1 == 2))	# operator expression
+
+class Foo
+  def foo
+    p :foo
+  end
+  protected :foo
+  def bar(f)
+    test_ok(defined?(self.foo))
+    test_ok(defined?(f.foo))
+  end
+end
+f = Foo.new
+test_ok(defined?(f.foo) == nil)
+f.bar(f)
+
+def defined_test
+  return !defined?(yield)
+end
+
+test_ok(defined_test)		# not iterator
+test_ok(!defined_test{})	# called as iterator
+
+test_check "alias"
+class Alias0
+  def foo; "foo" end
+end
+class Alias1 < Alias0
+  alias bar foo
+  def foo; "foo+" + super end
+end
+class Alias2 < Alias1
+  alias baz foo
+  undef foo
+end
+
+x = Alias2.new
+test_ok(x.bar == "foo")
+test_ok(x.baz == "foo+foo")
+
+# test_check for cache
+test_ok(x.baz == "foo+foo")
+
+class Alias3 < Alias2
+  def foo
+    defined? super
+  end
+  def bar
+    defined? super
+  end
+  def quux
+    defined? super
+  end
+end
+x = Alias3.new
+test_ok(!x.foo)
+test_ok(x.bar)
+test_ok(!x.quux)
+
+test_check "path"
+test_ok(File.basename("a") == "a")
+test_ok(File.basename("a/b") == "b")
+test_ok(File.basename("a/b/") == "b")
+test_ok(File.basename("/") == "/")
+test_ok(File.basename("//") == "/")
+test_ok(File.basename("///") == "/")
+test_ok(File.basename("a/b////") == "b")
+test_ok(File.basename("a.rb", ".rb") == "a")
+test_ok(File.basename("a.rb///", ".rb") == "a")
+test_ok(File.basename("a.rb///", ".*") == "a")
+test_ok(File.basename("a.rb///", ".c") == "a.rb")
+test_ok(File.dirname("a") == ".")
+test_ok(File.dirname("/") == "/")
+test_ok(File.dirname("/a") == "/")
+test_ok(File.dirname("a/b") == "a")
+test_ok(File.dirname("a/b/c") == "a/b")
+test_ok(File.dirname("/a/b/c") == "/a/b")
+test_ok(File.dirname("/a/b/") == "/a")
+test_ok(File.dirname("/a/b///") == "/a")
+case Dir.pwd
+when %r'\A\w:'
+  test_ok(/\A\w:\/\z/ =~ File.expand_path(".", "/"))
+  test_ok(/\A\w:\/a\z/ =~ File.expand_path("a", "/"))
+  dosish = true
+when %r'\A//'
+  test_ok(%r'\A//[^/]+/[^/]+\z' =~ File.expand_path(".", "/"))
+  test_ok(%r'\A//[^/]+/[^/]+/a\z' =~ File.expand_path(".", "/"))
+  dosish = true
+else
+  test_ok(File.expand_path(".", "/") == "/")
+  test_ok(File.expand_path("sub", "/") == "/sub")
+end
+if dosish
+  test_ok(File.expand_path("/", "//machine/share/sub") == "//machine/share")
+  test_ok(File.expand_path("/dir", "//machine/share/sub") == "//machine/share/dir")
+  test_ok(File.expand_path("/", "z:/sub") == "z:/")
+  test_ok(File.expand_path("/dir", "z:/sub") == "z:/dir")
+end
+test_ok(File.expand_path(".", "//") == "//")
+test_ok(File.expand_path("sub", "//") == "//sub")
+
+# test_check "Proc#binding"
+ObjectSpace.each_object(Proc){|o|
+  begin
+    b = o.binding
+    eval 'self', b
+  rescue ArgumentError
+  end
+}
+
+test_check "gc"
+begin
+  1.upto(10000) {
+    tmp = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
+  }
+  tmp = nil
+  test_ok true
+rescue
+  test_ok false
+end
+class S
+  def initialize(a)
+    @a = a
+  end
+end
+l=nil
+100000.times {
+  l = S.new(l)
+}
+GC.start
+test_ok true   # reach here or dumps core
+l = []
+100000.times {
+  l.push([l])
+}
+GC.start
+test_ok true   # reach here or dumps core
+
+ObjectSpace.each_object{|o|
+  o.class.name
+}
+
+test_ok true   # reach here or dumps core
+
+PROGRESS.finish
+if $failed > 0
+  printf "not ok/test: %d failed %d\n", $ntest, $failed
+else
+  printf "end of test(test: %d)\n", $ntest
+end
diff --git a/bcc32/Makefile.sub b/bcc32/Makefile.sub
deleted file mode 100644
index 965f564ce8..0000000000
--- a/bcc32/Makefile.sub
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,580 +0,0 @@
-SHELL = $(COMSPEC)
-
-#### Start of system configuration section. ####
-OS = bccwin32
-RT = $(OS)
-
-## variables may be overridden by $(compile_dir)/Makefile
-!ifndef srcdir
-srcdir = ..
-!endif
-!ifndef RUBY_INSTALL_NAME
-RUBY_INSTALL_NAME = ruby
-!endif
-!ifndef RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME
-RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME = $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME:ruby=rubyw)
-!elif "$(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME)" == "$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)"
-RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME = $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME:ruby=rubyw)
-!endif
-!if "$(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME)" == "$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)"
-RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME = $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)w
-!endif
-!ifndef RUBY_SO_NAME
-RUBY_SO_NAME = $(RT)-$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)$(MAJOR)$(MINOR)
-!endif
-!ifndef icondirs
-!ifdef ICONDIRS
-icondirs=$(ICONDIRS)
-!endif
-!endif
-!ifdef icondirs
-icondirs=$(icondirs:\=/)
-iconinc=-I$(icondirs: = -I)
-!endif
-###############
-
-VPATH = $(srcdir):$(srcdir)/missing
-.SUFFIXES: .y
-
-!ifndef CC
-CC = bcc32
-!endif
-!ifndef CPP
-CPP = cpp32
-!endif
-!ifndef RC
-RC = brcc32
-!endif
-!ifndef YACC
-YACC = byacc
-!endif
-!ifndef AR
-AR = tlib
-!endif
-
-PURIFY =
-AUTOCONF = autoconf
-
-!if !defined(PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE)
-PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = x86
-!endif
-MACHINE = $(PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE)
-!if "$(PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE)" == "x86"
-!ifndef PROCESSOR_LEVEL
-PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 5
-!endif
-!if 6 < $(PROCESSOR_LEVEL)
-PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 6
-!endif
-PROCESSOR_FLAG = -$(PROCESSOR_LEVEL)
-CPU = i$(PROCESSOR_LEVEL)86
-ARCH = i386
-!else
-CPU = $(PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE)
-ARCH = $(PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE)
-!endif
-!ifndef DEBUGFLAGS
-DEBUGFLAGS = 
-!endif
-!ifndef OPTFLAGS
-OPTFLAGS = -O
-!endif
-
-!ifndef prefix
-prefix = /usr
-!endif
-!ifndef DESTDIR
-DESTDIR = $(prefix)
-!endif
-!ifndef CFLAGS
-CFLAGS = -q $(DEBUGFLAGS) $(OPTFLAGS) $(PROCESSOR_FLAG) -w-
-!endif
-!ifndef CPPFLAGS
-CPPFLAGS = -I. -I$(srcdir) -I$(srcdir)missing
-!endif
-!ifndef LDFLAGS
-LDFLAGS = -S:$(STACK)
-!endif
-!ifndef RFLAGS
-RFLAGS = $(iconinc)
-!endif
-!ifndef EXTLIBS
-EXTLIBS =
-!endif
-LIBS = cw32.lib import32.lib ws2_32.lib $(EXTLIBS)
-MISSING = acosh.obj crypt.obj win32.obj
-
-!ifndef STACK
-STACK = 0x2000000
-!endif
-
-XCFLAGS = 
-
-ARFLAGS = /a
-LD = ilink32 -q -Gn
-LDSHARED  = $(LD)
-XLDFLAGS  = -Tpe c0x32.obj
-WLDFLAGS  = -Tpe c0w32.obj
-DLDFLAGS  = -Tpd c0d32.obj
-LIBRUBY_LDSHARED = $(LDSHARED)
-LIBRUBY_DLDFLAGS = -Gi $(DLDFLAGS) $(EXTLDFLAGS)
-LDOBJECTS = $(MAINOBJ)
-
-SOLIBS = 
-
-EXEEXT = .exe
-PROGRAM=$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)$(EXEEXT)
-WPROGRAM=$(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME)$(EXEEXT)
-RUBYDEF = $(RUBY_SO_NAME).def
-MINIRUBY = .\miniruby$(EXEEXT)
-
-ORGLIBPATH = $(LIB)
-
-#### End of system configuration section. ####
-
-LIBRUBY_A     = $(RUBY_SO_NAME)-static.lib
-LIBRUBY_SO    = $(RUBY_SO_NAME).dll
-LIBRUBY       = $(RUBY_SO_NAME).lib
-LIBRUBYARG    = $(LIBRUBY)
-
-!ifndef EXTOBJS
-EXTOBJS       = dmyext.obj
-!endif
-
-MAINOBJ       = main.obj
-WINMAINOBJ    = winmain.obj
-
-OBJS          = array.obj \
-		bignum.obj \
-		class.obj \
-		compar.obj \
-		dir.obj \
-		dln.obj \
-		enum.obj \
-		error.obj \
-		eval.obj \
-		file.obj \
-		gc.obj \
-		hash.obj \
-		inits.obj \
-		io.obj \
-		marshal.obj \
-		math.obj \
-		numeric.obj \
-		object.obj \
-		pack.obj \
-		parse.obj \
-		prec.obj \
-		process.obj \
-		random.obj \
-		range.obj \
-		re.obj \
-		regex.obj \
-		ruby.obj \
-		signal.obj \
-		sprintf.obj \
-		st.obj \
-		string.obj \
-		struct.obj \
-		time.obj \
-		util.obj \
-		variable.obj \
-		version.obj \
-		$(MISSING)
-
-all:		miniruby$(EXEEXT) rbconfig.rb \
-		$(LIBRUBY) $(MISCLIBS)
-		.\miniruby$(EXEEXT) $(srcdir)ext/extmk.rb --extstatic=$(EXTSTATIC) --make "$(MAKE)" --make-flags "$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS)"
-
-ruby: $(PROGRAM)
-rubyw: $(WPROGRAM)
-lib: $(LIBRUBY)
-dll: $(LIBRUBY_SO)
-
-config: config.h config.status
-
-config.h:
-	@echo Creating $(@:.\=)
-	@type > $@ &&|
-\#define HAVE_PROTOTYPES 1
-\#define HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES 1
-/* \#define HAVE_ATTR_NORETURN 1 */
-\#define NORETURN(x) x
-\#define TOKEN_PASTE(x,y) x\#\#y
-\#define inline __inline
-/* \#define HAVE_DIRENT_H 1 */
-/* \#define HAVE_UNISTD_H 1 */
-\#define HAVE_STDLIB_H 1
-\#define HAVE_LIMITS_H 1
-/* \#define HAVE_SYS_FILE_H 1 */
-\#define HAVE_FCNTL_H 1
-/* \#define HAVE_PWD_H 1       */
-/* \#define HAVE_SYS_TIME_H 1  */
-/* \#define HAVE_SYS_TIMES_H 1 */
-/* \#define HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H 1 */
-/* \#define HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H 1  */
-\#define HAVE_STRING_H 1
-\#define HAVE_UTIME_H 1
-\#define HAVE_MEMORY_H 1
-/* \#define HAVE_ST_BLKSIZE 1  */
-\#define HAVE_ST_RDEV 1
-/* \#define GETGROUPS_T gid_t */
-\#define GETGROUPS_T int
-\#define RETSIGTYPE void
-\#define HAVE_ALLOCA 1
-\#define vfork fork
-\#define HAVE_FMOD 1
-/* \#define HAVE_RANDOM 1    */
-\#define HAVE_WAITPID 1
-\#define HAVE_GETCWD 1
-/* \#define HAVE_TRUNCATE 1  */
-\#define HAVE_CHSIZE 1
-\#define HAVE_TIMES 1
-/* \#define HAVE_UTIMES 1    */
-/* \#define HAVE_FCNTL 1     */
-/* \#define HAVE_SETITIMER 1 */
-\#define HAVE_GETGROUPS 1
-/* \#define HAVE_SIGPROCMASK 1 */
-\#define HAVE_GETLOGIN 1
-\#define HAVE_TELLDIR 1
-\#define HAVE_SEEKDIR 1
-\#define HAVE_COSH 1
-\#define HAVE_SINH 1
-\#define HAVE_TANH 1
-
-\#define RSHIFT(x,y) ((x)>>y)
-\#define FILE_COUNT level
-\#define FILE_READPTR curp
-\#define DEFAULT_KCODE KCODE_NONE
-\#define DLEXT ".so"
-\#define DLEXT2 ".dll"
-\#define RUBY_LIB "/lib/ruby/$(MAJOR).$(MINOR)"
-\#define RUBY_SITE_LIB "/lib/ruby/site_ruby"
-\#define RUBY_SITE_LIB2 "/lib/ruby/site_ruby/$(MAJOR).$(MINOR)"
-\#define RUBY_PLATFORM "$(ARCH)-$(OS)"
-\#define RUBY_ARCHLIB "/lib/ruby/$(MAJOR).$(MINOR)/$(ARCH)-$(OS)"
-\#define RUBY_SITE_ARCHLIB "/lib/ruby/site_ruby/$(MAJOR).$(MINOR)/$(ARCH)-$(OS)"
-
-\#define SIZEOF_INT     4
-\#define SIZEOF_SHORT   2
-\#define SIZEOF_LONG    4
-\#define SIZEOF___INT64 8
-\#define SIZEOF_VOIDP   4
-\#define SIZEOF_FLOAT   4
-\#define SIZEOF_DOUBLE  8
-
-\#define HAVE_DECL_SYS_NERR 1
-\#define HAVE_ISINF         1
-\#define HAVE_ISNAN         1
-\#define HAVE_MEMMOVE       1
-\#define HAVE_MKDIR         1
-\#define HAVE_STRCASECMP    1
-\#define HAVE_STRNCASECMP   1
-\#define HAVE_STRCHR        1
-\#define HAVE_STRERROR      1
-\#define HAVE_STRFTIME      1
-\#define HAVE_STRSTR        1
-\#define HAVE_STRTOD        1
-\#define HAVE_STRTOUL       1
-|
-
-config.status: Makefile $(srcdir)bcc32/Makefile.sub
-	@echo Creating $@
-	@type > $@ &&|
-# Generated automatically by Makefile.sub.
-s,@SHELL@,$$(COMSPEC),;t t
-s,@CFLAGS@,$(CFLAGS),;t t
-s,@CPPFLAGS@,$(CPPFLAGS),;t t
-s,@CXXFLAGS@,$(CXXFLAGS),;t t
-s,@FFLAGS@,$(FFLAGS),;t t
-s,@LDFLAGS@,,;t t
-s,@LIBS@,$(LIBS),;t t
-s,@exec_prefix@,$${prefix},;t t
-s,@prefix@,,;t t
-s,@program_transform_name@,s,,,,;t t
-s,@bindir@,$${exec_prefix}/bin,;t t
-s,@sbindir@,$${exec_prefix}/sbin,;t t
-s,@libexecdir@,$${exec_prefix}/libexec,;t t
-s,@datadir@,$${prefix}/share,;t t
-s,@sysconfdir@,$${prefix}/etc,;t t
-s,@sharedstatedir@,/etc,;t t
-s,@localstatedir@,/var,;t t
-s,@libdir@,$${exec_prefix}/lib,;t t
-s,@includedir@,$${prefix}/include,;t t
-s,@oldincludedir@,/usr/include,;t t
-s,@infodir@,$${prefix}/info,;t t
-s,@mandir@,$${prefix}/man,;t t
-s,@build@,$(CPU)-pc-$(OS),;t t
-s,@build_alias@,$(CPU)-$(OS),;t t
-s,@build_cpu@,$(CPU),;t t
-s,@build_vendor@,pc,;t t
-s,@build_os@,$(OS),;t t
-s,@host@,$(CPU)-pc-$(OS),;t t
-s,@host_alias@,$(CPU)-$(OS),;t t
-s,@host_cpu@,$(CPU),;t t
-s,@host_vendor@,pc,;t t
-s,@host_os@,$(OS),;t t
-s,@target@,$(ARCH)-pc-$(OS),;t t
-s,@target_alias@,$(ARCH)-$(OS),;t t
-s,@target_cpu@,$(ARCH),;t t
-s,@target_vendor@,pc,;t t
-s,@target_os@,$(OS),;t t
-s,@CC@,$(CC),;t t
-s,@CPP@,cpp32,;t t
-s,@YACC@,$(YACC),;t t
-s,@RANLIB@,,;t t
-s,@AR@,$(AR),;t t
-s,@ARFLAGS@,$(ARFLAGS) ,;t t
-s,@LN_S@,$(LN_S),;t t
-s,@SET_MAKE@,$(SET_MAKE),;t t
-s,@LIBOBJS@, acosh.obj crypt.obj win32.obj,;t t
-s,@ALLOCA@,$(ALLOCA),;t t
-s,@DEFAULT_KCODE@,$(DEFAULT_KCODE),;t t
-s,@EXEEXT@,.exe,;t t
-s,@OBJEXT@,obj,;t t
-s,@XLDFLAGS@,$(XLDFLAGS),;t t
-s,@DLDFLAGS@,$(DLDFLAGS),;t t
-s,@STATIC@,$(STATIC),;t t
-s,@CCDLFLAGS@,-DIMPORT,;t t
-s,@LDSHARED@,$(LDSHARED),;t t
-s,@DLEXT@,so,;t t
-s,@DLEXT2@,dll,;t t
-s,@LIBEXT@,lib,;t t
-s,@STRIP@,$(STRIP),;t t
-s,@EXTSTATIC@,$(EXTSTATIC),;t t
-s,@setup@,Setup,;t t
-s,@MINIRUBY@,$(MINIRUBY),;t t
-s,@LIBRUBY_LDSHARED@,$$(LDSHARED),;t t
-s,@LIBRUBY_DLDFLAGS@,-Gi $$(DLDFLAGS),;t t
-s,@RUBY_INSTALL_NAME@,$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME),;t t
-s,@rubyw_install_name@,$(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME),;t t
-s,@RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME@,$(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME),;t t
-s,@RUBY_SO_NAME@,$(RUBY_SO_NAME),;t t
-s,@LIBRUBY_A@,$$(RUBY_SO_NAME)-static.lib,;t t
-s,@LIBRUBY_SO@,$$(RUBY_SO_NAME).dll,;t t
-s,@LIBRUBY_ALIASES@,$(LIBRUBY_ALIASES),;t t
-s,@LIBRUBY@,$$(RUBY_SO_NAME).lib,;t t
-s,@LIBRUBYARG@,$$(LIBRUBYARG_SHARED),;t t
-s,@LIBRUBYARG_STATIC@,$$(LIBRUBY_A),;t t
-s,@LIBRUBYARG_SHARED@,$$(LIBRUBY),;t t
-s,@SOLIBS@,$(SOLIBS),;t t
-s,@DLDLIBS@,$(DLDLIBS),;t t
-s,@ENABLE_SHARED@,yes,;t t
-s,@OUTFLAG@,-o,;t t
-s,@CPPOUTFILE@,,;t t
-s,@LIBPATHFLAG@, -L%s,;t t
-s,@LIBARG@,%s.lib,;t t
-s,@LINK_SO@,$$(LDSHARED) $$(DLDFLAGS) $$(LIBPATH) $$(OBJS), $$@, nul, $$(LIBS) $$(LOCAL_LIBS), $$(DEFFILE), $$(RESFILE),;t t
-s,@COMPILE_C@,$$(CC) $$(CFLAGS) $$(CPPFLAGS) -c $$(<:/=\),;t t
-s,@COMPILE_CXX@,$$(CXX) $$(CXXFLAGS) $$(CPPFLAGS) -P -c $$(<:/=\),;t t
-s,@COMPILE_RULES@,{$$(srcdir)}.%s{}.%s: .%s.%s:,;t t
-s,@COMMON_LIBS@,m,;t t
-s,@COMMON_MACROS@,WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN;t t
-s,@COMMON_HEADERS@,winsock2.h windows.h,;t t
-s,@TRY_LINK@,$$(CC) -oconftest $$(INCFLAGS) -I$$(hdrdir) $$(CPPFLAGS) $$(CFLAGS) $$(LIBPATH) $$(LDFLAGS) $$(src) $$(LOCAL_LIBS) $$(LIBS),;t t
-s,@EXPORT_PREFIX@,_,;t t
-s,@arch@,$(ARCH)-$(OS),;t t
-s,@sitearch@,$(ARCH)-$(OS),;t t
-s,@sitedir@,$${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby,;t t
-s,@configure_args@,--enable-shared $(configure_args),;t t
-s,@configure_input@,$$configure_input,;t t
-s,@srcdir@,$(srcdir),;t t
-s,@top_srcdir@,$(srcdir),;t t
-|
-
-miniruby$(EXEEXT):	$(LIBRUBY_A) $(MAINOBJ) dmyext.obj
-		@echo $(LIBS)
-		$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(XLDFLAGS) $(MAINOBJ) dmyext.obj,$@,nul,$(LIBRUBY_A) $(LIBS)
-
-$(PROGRAM):	$(MAINOBJ) $(LIBRUBY_SO) $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).res
-		$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(XLDFLAGS) $(MAINOBJ),$@,nul,$(LIBRUBYARG) $(LIBS),,$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).res
-
-$(WPROGRAM):	$(MAINOBJ) $(WINMAINOBJ) $(LIBRUBY_SO) $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).res
-		$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(WLDFLAGS) $(MAINOBJ) $(WINMAINOBJ),$@,nul,$(LIBRUBYARG) $(LIBS),,$(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).res
-
-$(LIBRUBY_A):	$(OBJS)
-		@-if exist $@ del $@
-		$(AR) $(ARFLAGS) "$@" $(OBJS)
-
-# $(LIBRUBY):	$(LIBRUBY_SO)
-#		implib $@ $(LIBRUBY_SO)
-
-$(LIBRUBY_SO) $(LIBRUBY): $(LIBRUBY_A) $(EXTOBJS) $(RUBYDEF) $(RUBY_SO_NAME).res
-		@echo $(EXTOBJS)
-		$(LIBRUBY_LDSHARED) $(LIBRUBY_DLDFLAGS) $(EXTOBJS:/=\),$(LIBRUBY_SO),nul,$(LIBRUBY_A) $(LIBS),$(RUBYDEF),$(RUBY_SO_NAME).res
-
-$(RUBYDEF):	$(LIBRUBY_A) miniruby$(EXEEXT)
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)bcc32/mkexports.rb -output=$@ $(LIBRUBY_A)
-
-install:	rbconfig.rb
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)instruby.rb --make "$(MAKE)" --make-flags "$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS)" $(DESTDIR)
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)ext/extmk.rb --make "$(MAKE)" --make-flags "$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS) DESTDIR=$(DESTDIR)" install
-
-what-where no-install:	rbconfig.rb
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)instruby.rb --make "$(MAKE)" --make-flags "$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS) -n" $(DESTDIR)
-		$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)ext/extmk.rb --make "$(MAKE)" --make-flags "$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS) -n DESTDIR=$(DESTDIR)" install
-
-clean:		clean-ext clean-local
-
-clean-local:
-		@if exist $(LIBRUBY_A) del $(LIBRUBY_A)
-		@if exist $(MAINOBJ) del $(MAINOBJ)
-		@if exist rbconfig.rb del rbconfig.rb
-		@if exist ext\extinit.c del ext\extinit.c
-		@if exist ext\extinit.obj del ext\extinit.obj
-		@if exist ext\vc*.pdb del ext\vc*.pdb
-		@if exist *.obj del *.obj
-		@if exist *.res del *.res
-		@if exist *.tds del *.tds
-		@if exist *.il? del *.il?
-
-clean-ext:
-		@-$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)ext/extmk.rb --make "$(MAKE)" --make-flags "$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS)" clean
-
-distclean:	distclean-ext distclean-local
-
-distclean-local:	clean-local
-		@if exist Makefile del Makefile
-		@if exist config.h del config.h
-		@if exist ext\config.cache del ext\config.cache
-		@if exist config.cache del config.cache
-		@if exist config.log del config.log
-		@if exist config.status del config.status
-		@if exist *~ del *~
-		@if exist *.bak del *.bak
-		@if exist *.stackdump del *.stackdump
-		@if exist *.core del *.core
-		@if exist gmon.out del gmon.out
-		@if exist y.tab.c del y.tab.c
-		@if exist y.output del y.output
-		@if exist *.map del *.map
-		@if exist *.pdb del *.pdb
-		@if exist *.ilk del *.ilk
-		@if exist *.exp del *.exp
-		@if exist $(RUBYDEF) del $(RUBYDEF)
-		@if exist $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).rc del $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).rc
-		@if exist $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).rc del $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).rc
-		@if exist $(RUBY_SO_NAME).rc del $(RUBY_SO_NAME).rc
-		@if exist $(PROGRAM) del $(PROGRAM)
-		@if exist $(WPROGRAM) del $(WPROGRAM)
-		@if exist $(LIBRUBY_SO) del $(LIBRUBY_SO)
-		@if exist $(LIBRUBY) del $(LIBRUBY)
-		@if exist ext\nul if not exist ext\* rmdir ext
-		@if exist miniruby$(EXEEXT) del miniruby$(EXEEXT)
-
-distclean-ext:
-		@-$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)ext/extmk.rb --make "$(MAKE)" --make-flags "$(MFLAGS)$(MAKEFLAGS)" distclean
-
-realclean:	distclean
-		@if exist parse.c del parse.c
-		@if exist lex.c del lex.c
-
-test:		miniruby$(EXEEXT)
-		@$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)rubytest.rb
-
-rbconfig.rb:	miniruby$(EXEEXT) config.status
-		@$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)mkconfig.rb -srcdir=$(srcdir) \
-			-install_name=$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME) \
-			-so_name=$(RUBY_SO_NAME) rbconfig.rb
-
-$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).rc $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).rc $(RUBY_SO_NAME).rc: rbconfig.rb
-		@$(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)win32/resource.rb \
-			-ruby_name=$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME) \
-			-rubyw_name=$(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME) \
-			-so_name=$(RUBY_SO_NAME) \
-			. $(icondirs) $(srcdir)win32
-
-#config.status:	$(srcdir)configure
-#		$(SHELL) .config.status --recheck
-
-.path.c = .;$(srcdir);$(srcdir)win32;$(srcdir)missing
-.path.h = .;$(srcdir);$(srcdir)win32;$(srcdir)missing
-.path.y = $(srcdir)
-
-.c.obj:
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(XCFLAGS) -I. $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(<:/=\)
-
-.rc.res:
-	$(RC) $(RFLAGS) -I. -I$(<D). $(iconinc) -I$(srcdir)win32 $(RFLAGS) -fo$@ $(<:/=\)
-
-.y.c:
-	$(YACC) $(YFLAGS) $(<:\=/)
-	sed -e "s!^extern char \*getenv();!/* & */!;s/^\(#.*\)y\.tab/\1parse/" y.tab.c > $(@F)
-	@del y.tab.c
-
-parse.c: parse.y
-
-ext/extinit.obj: ext/extinit.c $(SETUP)
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(XCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -o$@ -c ext/extinit.c
-
-acosh.obj: acosh.c win32.h
-alloca.obj: alloca.c win32.h
-crypt.obj: crypt.c win32.h
-dup2.obj: dup2.c win32.h
-finite.obj: finite.c win32.h
-flock.obj: flock.c win32.h
-isinf.obj: isinf.c win32.h
-isnan.obj: isnan.c win32.h
-memcmp.obj: memcmp.c win32.h
-memmove.obj: memmove.c win32.h
-mkdir.obj: mkdir.c win32.h
-vsnprintf.obj: vsnprintf.c win32.h
-strcasecmp.obj: strcasecmp.c win32.h
-strncasecmp.obj: strncasecmp.c win32.h
-strchr.obj: strchr.c win32.h
-strdup.obj: strdup.c win32.h
-strerror.obj: strerror.c win32.h
-strftime.obj: strftime.c win32.h
-strstr.obj: strstr.c win32.h
-strtod.obj: strtod.c win32.h
-strtol.obj: strtol.c win32.h
-strtoul.obj: strtoul.c win32.h
-nt.obj: nt.c win32.h
-x68.obj: x68.c win32.h
-os2.obj: os2.c win32.h
-dl_os2.obj: dl_os2.c win32.h
-
-# when I use -I., there is confliction at "OpenFile" 
-# so, set . into environment varible "include"
-win32.obj: win32.c win32.h
-
-###
-parse.obj: parse.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h env.h node.h st.h regex.h util.h lex.c win32.h
-###
-array.obj: array.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-bignum.obj: bignum.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-class.obj: class.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h node.h st.h win32.h
-compar.obj: compar.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-dir.obj: dir.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-dln.obj: dln.c config.h defines.h dln.h win32.h
-dmyext.obj: dmyext.c win32.h
-enum.obj: enum.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-error.obj: error.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h env.h win32.h
-eval.obj: eval.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h node.h env.h rubysig.h st.h dln.h win32.h
-file.obj: file.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h rubyio.h rubysig.h win32.h
-gc.obj: gc.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h rubysig.h st.h node.h env.h re.h regex.h win32.h
-hash.obj: hash.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h st.h rubysig.h util.h win32.h
-inits.obj: inits.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-io.obj: io.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h rubyio.h rubysig.h env.h win32.h
-main.obj: main.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-marshal.obj: marshal.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h rubyio.h st.h win32.h
-prec.obj: prec.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-math.obj: math.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-numeric.obj: numeric.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-object.obj: object.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h st.h win32.h
-pack.obj: pack.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-process.obj: process.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h rubysig.h st.h win32.h
-random.obj: random.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-range.obj: range.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-re.obj: re.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h re.h regex.h win32.h
-regex.obj: regex.c config.h regex.h util.h win32.h
-ruby.obj: ruby.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h dln.h util.h win32.h
-signal.obj: signal.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h rubysig.h win32.h
-sprintf.obj: sprintf.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-st.obj: st.c config.h st.h win32.h
-string.obj: string.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h re.h regex.h win32.h
-struct.obj: struct.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-time.obj: time.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h win32.h
-util.obj: util.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h util.h win32.h
-variable.obj: variable.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h env.h node.h st.h win32.h
-version.obj: version.c ruby.h config.h defines.h intern.h version.h win32.h
diff --git a/bcc32/README.bcc32 b/bcc32/README.bcc32
deleted file mode 100644
index a699d34a4e..0000000000
--- a/bcc32/README.bcc32
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
-=begin
-
-= How to build ruby using Borland C++
-
-== Requirement
-
-(1) Borland C++ 5.0 or later.
-
-(2) If you want to run `((%make clean%))' or `((%make distclean%))'
-    properly, you must install UNIX compatible `((%rm%))' command on
-    your ((|PATH|)).
-
-(3) Please set environment variable (({INCLUDE})), (({LIB})), (({PATH}))
-    to run required commands properly from the command line.
-
-    Note: building ruby requires following commands.
-     * make
-     * bcc
-     * tlib
-     * ilink
-
-== How to compile and install
-
-(1) Execute bcc32\configure.bat on your build directory.
-     ex. c:\ruby-1.6.7>bcc32\configure.bat
-     
-(2) Change ((|RUBY_INSTALL_NAME|)) and ((|RUBY_SO_NAME|)) in (({Makefile}))
-    if you want to change the name of the executable files. 
-    And add ((|RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME|)) to change the name of the
-    executable without console window if also you want.
-
-(3) Run `((%make%))'
-
-(4) Run `((%make test%))'
-
-(5) Run `((%make DESTDIR=<install_directory> install%))'
-
-    This command will create following directories and install files onto them.
-      * <install_directory>\bin
-      * <install_directory>\lib
-      * <install_directory>\lib\ruby
-      * <install_directory>\lib\ruby\<MAJOR>.<MINOR>
-      * <install_directory>\lib\ruby\<MAJOR>.<MINOR>\<PLATFORM>
-      * <install_directory>\lib\ruby\site_ruby
-      * <install_directory>\lib\ruby\site_ruby\<MAJOR>.<MINOR>
-      * <install_directory>\lib\ruby\site_ruby\<MAJOR>.<MINOR>\<PLATFORM>
-      * <install_directory>\man\man1
-    If Ruby's version is `x.y.z', the ((|<MAJOR>|)) is `x' and the ((|<MINOR>|)) is `y'.
-    The ((|<PLATFORM>|)) is usually `(({i586-bccwin32}))'.
-
-== Icons
-
-Any icon files(*.ico) in the build directory, directories specified with
-((|icondirs|)) make variable and (({win32})) directory under the ruby
-source directory will be included in DLL or executable files, according
-to their base names.
-    $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).ico or ruby.ico   --> $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).exe
-    $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).ico or rubyw.ico --> $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).exe
-    the others                             --> $(RUBY_SO_NAME).dll
-
-Although no icons are distributed with the ruby source or in the official 
-site, you can use anything you like. For example, followings are written 
-in Japanese, but you can download at least.
-
-* ((<URL:http://member.nifty.ne.jp/ueivu/rubyico.html>)) or
-  ((<zipped icons|URL:http://member.nifty.ne.jp/ueivu/Ruby_ico.zip>))
-* ((<URL:http://homepage1.nifty.com/a_nakata/ruby/>)) or
-  ((<icon itself|URL:http://homepage1.nifty.com/a_nakata/ruby/RubyIcon.ico>))
-
-== Build examples
-
-* Build on the ruby source directory.
-
-  ex.)
-    ruby source directory:  C:\ruby
-    build directory:        C:\ruby
-    install directory:      C:\usr\local
-
-    C:
-    cd \ruby
-    bcc32\configure
-    make
-    make test
-    make DESTDIR=/usr/local install
-
-* Build on the relative directory from the ruby source directory and CPU type 
-  i386.
-
-  ex.)
-    ruby source directory:  C:\ruby
-    build directory:        C:\ruby\bccwin32
-    install directory:      C:\usr\local
-    CPU                     i386
-    
-    C:
-    cd \ruby
-    mkdir bccwin32
-    cd bccwin32
-    ..\bcc32\configure target i386-bccwin32
-    make
-    make test
-    make DESTDIR=/usr/local install
-
-* Build on the different drive.
-
-  ex.)
-    ruby source directory:  C:\src\ruby
-    build directory:        D:\build\ruby
-    install directory:      C:\usr\local
-
-    D:
-    cd D:\build\ruby
-    C:\src\ruby\bcc32\configure
-    make
-    make test
-    make DESTDIR=C:/usr/local install
-
-== Bugs
-
-You can ((*NOT*)) use a path name contains any white space characters as
-the ruby source directory, this restriction comes from the behavior of
-(({!INCLUDE})) directives of (({MAKE})).
-((- you may call it a bug. -))
-
-=end
diff --git a/bcc32/configure.bat b/bcc32/configure.bat
deleted file mode 100644
index 449b6e25b5..0000000000
--- a/bcc32/configure.bat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-@echo off
-::: Don't set environment variable in batch file other than autoexec.bat
-::: to avoid "Out of environment space" problem on Windows 95/98.
-::: set TMPMAKE=~tmp~.mak
-
-echo> ~tmp~.mak ####
-echo>> ~tmp~.mak conf = %0
-echo>> ~tmp~.mak $(conf:\=/): nul
-echo>> ~tmp~.mak 	@del ~tmp~.mak
-echo>> ~tmp~.mak 	@-$(MAKE) -l$(MAKEFLAGS) -f $(@D)setup.mak \
-echo>> ~tmp~.mak 	bcc32dir="$(@D)" \
-:loop
-if "%1" == "" goto :end
-if "%1" == "--srcdir" goto :srcdir
-if "%1" == "srcdir" goto :srcdir
-if "%1" == "--target" goto :target
-if "%1" == "target" goto :target
-  echo>> ~tmp~.mak 	"%1" 
-  shift
-goto :loop
-:srcdir
-  echo>> ~tmp~.mak 	"srcdir=%2" 
-  shift
-  shift
-goto :loop
-:target
-  echo>> ~tmp~.mak 	%2 
-  shift
-  shift
-goto :loop
-:end
-make -s -f ~tmp~.mak
diff --git a/bcc32/mkexports.rb b/bcc32/mkexports.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index e34b441e2f..0000000000
--- a/bcc32/mkexports.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#!./miniruby -s
-
-SYM = {}
-STDIN.reopen(open("nul"))
-ARGV.each do |obj|
-  IO.foreach("|tdump -q -oiPUBDEF -oiPUBD32 #{obj.tr('/', '\\')}") do |l|
-    next unless /(?:PUBDEF|PUBD32)/ =~ l
-    SYM[$1] = true if /'(.*?)'/ =~ l
-  end
-end
-
-exports = []
-if $name
-  exports << "Name " + $name
-elsif $library
-  exports << "Library " + $library
-end
-exports << "Description " + $description.dump if $description
-exports << "EXPORTS" << SYM.keys.sort
-
-if $output
-  open($output, 'w') {|f| f.puts exports.join("\n")}
-else
-  puts exports.join("\n")
-end
diff --git a/bcc32/setup.mak b/bcc32/setup.mak
deleted file mode 100644
index c81eaf2020..0000000000
--- a/bcc32/setup.mak
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-# -*- makefile -*-
-
-!if "$(srcdir)" != ""
-bcc32dir = $(srcdir)bcc32/
-!elseif "$(bcc32dir)" == "bcc32/"
-srcdir = ./
-!elseif "$(bcc32dir:/bcc32/=)/bcc32/" == "$(bcc32dir)"
-srcdir = $(bcc32dir:/bcc32/=/)
-!else
-srcdir = $(bcc32dir)../
-!endif
-
-OS = bccwin32
-RT = $(OS)
-INCLUDE = !include
-APPEND = echo>>$(MAKEFILE)
-!ifdef MAKEFILE
-MAKE = $(MAKE) -f $(MAKEFILE)
-!else
-MAKEFILE = Makefile
-!endif
-
-all: Makefile
-Makefile: -prologue- -generic- -epilogue-
-i386-$(OS): -prologue- -i386- -epilogue-
-i486-$(OS): -prologue- -i486- -epilogue-
-i586-$(OS): -prologue- -i586- -epilogue-
-i686-$(OS): -prologue- -i686- -epilogue-
-alpha-$(OS): -prologue- -alpha- -epilogue-
-
--prologue-: nul
-	@echo Creating $(MAKEFILE)
-	@type > $(MAKEFILE) &&|
-\#\#\# Makefile for ruby $(OS) \#\#\#
-srcdir = $(srcdir:\=/)
-|
-	@cpp32 -I$(srcdir) -P- -o$(MAKEFILE) > nul &&|
-\#include "version.h"
-MAJOR = RUBY_VERSION_MAJOR
-MINOR = RUBY_VERSION_MINOR
-TEENY = RUBY_VERSION_TEENY
-|
-	@type $(MAKEFILE).i >> $(MAKEFILE)
-	@del $(MAKEFILE).i
-
--generic-: nul
-!if defined(PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE) ||  defined(PROCESSOR_LEVEL)
-	@type >> $(MAKEFILE) &&|
-!if defined(PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE)
-PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = $(PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE)
-!endif
-!if defined(PROCESSOR_LEVEL)
-PROCESSOR_LEVEL = $(PROCESSOR_LEVEL)
-!endif
-
-|
-!endif
-
--alpha-: nul
-	@$(APPEND) PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = alpha
--ix86-: nul
-	@$(APPEND) PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = x86
-
--i386-: -ix86-
-	@$(APPEND) PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 3
--i486-: -ix86-
-	@$(APPEND) PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 4
--i586-: -ix86-
-	@$(APPEND) PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 5
--i686-: -ix86-
-	@$(APPEND) PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 6
-
--epilogue-: nul
-	@type >> $(MAKEFILE) &&|
-
-\# OS = $(OS)
-\# RT = $(RT)
-\# RUBY_INSTALL_NAME = ruby
-\# RUBY_SO_NAME = $$(RT)-$$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)$$(MAJOR)$$(MINOR)
-\# prefix = /usr
-\# CFLAGS = -q $$(DEBUGFLAGS) $$(OPTFLAGS) $$(PROCESSOR_FLAG) -w-
-\# CPPFLAGS = -I. -I$$(srcdir) -I$$(srcdir)missing -DLIBRUBY_SO=\"$$(LIBRUBY_SO)\"
-\# STACK = 0x2000000
-\# LDFLAGS = -S:$$(STACK)
-\# RFLAGS = $$(iconinc)
-\# EXTLIBS = cw32.lib import32.lib user32.lib kernel32.lib
-$(INCLUDE) $$(srcdir)bcc32/Makefile.sub
-|
-	@echo type "`$(MAKE)'" to make ruby for $(OS).
diff --git a/benchmark/README.md b/benchmark/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e11381cad9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# ruby/benchmark
+
+This directory has benchmark definitions to be run with
+[benchmark\_driver.gem](https://github.com/benchmark-driver/benchmark-driver).
+
+## Normal usage
+
+Execute `gem install benchmark_driver` and run a command like:
+
+```bash
+# Run a benchmark script with the ruby in the $PATH
+benchmark-driver benchmark/app_fib.rb
+
+# Run benchmark scripts with multiple Ruby executables or options
+benchmark-driver benchmark/*.rb -e /path/to/ruby -e '/path/to/ruby --jit'
+
+# Or compare Ruby versions managed by rbenv
+benchmark-driver benchmark/*.rb --rbenv '2.5.1;2.6.0-preview2 --jit'
+
+# You can collect many metrics in many ways
+benchmark-driver benchmark/*.rb --runner memory --output markdown
+
+# Some are defined with YAML for complex setup or accurate measurement
+benchmark-driver benchmark/*.yml
+```
+
+See also:
+
+```console
+Usage: benchmark-driver [options] RUBY|YAML...
+    -r, --runner TYPE                Specify runner type: ips, time, memory, once, block (default: ips)
+    -o, --output TYPE                Specify output type: compare, simple, markdown, record, all (default: compare)
+    -e, --executables EXECS          Ruby executables (e1::path1 arg1; e2::path2 arg2;...)
+        --rbenv VERSIONS             Ruby executables in rbenv (x.x.x arg1;y.y.y arg2;...)
+        --repeat-count NUM           Try benchmark NUM times and use the fastest result or the worst memory usage
+        --repeat-result TYPE         Yield "best", "average" or "worst" result with --repeat-count (default: best)
+        --alternate                  Alternate executables instead of running the same executable in a row with --repeat-count
+        --bundler                    Install and use gems specified in Gemfile
+        --filter REGEXP              Filter out benchmarks with given regexp
+        --run-duration SECONDS       Warmup estimates loop_count to run for this duration (default: 3)
+        --timeout SECONDS            Timeout ruby command execution with timeout(1)
+    -v, --verbose                    Verbose mode. Multiple -v options increase visilibity (max: 2)
+```
+
+## make benchmark
+
+Using `make benchmark`, `make update-benchmark-driver` automatically downloads
+the supported version of benchmark\_driver, and it runs benchmarks with the downloaded
+benchmark\_driver.
+
+```bash
+# Run all benchmarks with the ruby in the $PATH and the built ruby
+make benchmark
+
+# Or compare with specific ruby binary
+make benchmark COMPARE_RUBY="/path/to/ruby --jit"
+
+# Run vm benchmarks
+make benchmark ITEM=vm
+
+# Run some limited benchmarks in ITEM-matched files
+make benchmark ITEM=vm OPTS=--filter=block
+
+# You can specify the benchmark by an exact filename instead of using the default argument:
+# ARGS = $$(find $(srcdir)/benchmark -maxdepth 1 -name '*$(ITEM)*.yml' -o -name '*$(ITEM)*.rb')
+make benchmark ARGS=benchmark/erb_render.yml
+
+# You can specify any option via $OPTS
+make benchmark OPTS="--help"
+
+# With `make benchmark`, some special runner plugins are available:
+#   -r peak, -r size, -r total, -r utime, -r stime, -r cutime, -r cstime
+make benchmark ITEM=vm_bigarray OPTS="-r peak"
+```
diff --git a/benchmark/app_answer.rb b/benchmark/app_answer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3cd8a8fd37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/app_answer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+def ack(m, n)
+  if m == 0 then
+    n + 1
+  elsif n == 0 then
+    ack(m - 1, 1)
+  else
+    ack(m - 1, ack(m, n - 1))
+  end
+end
+
+def the_answer_to_life_the_universe_and_everything
+  (ack(3,7).to_s.split(//).inject(0){|s,x| s+x.to_i}.to_s + "2" ).to_i
+end
+
+answer = the_answer_to_life_the_universe_and_everything
diff --git a/benchmark/app_aobench.rb b/benchmark/app_aobench.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16296af12b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/app_aobench.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+# coding: US-ASCII
+
+# AO render benchmark
+# Original program (C) Syoyo Fujita in Javascript (and other languages)
+#      https://code.google.com/p/aobench/
+# Ruby(yarv2llvm) version by Hideki Miura
+#
+
+IMAGE_WIDTH = 256
+IMAGE_HEIGHT = 256
+NSUBSAMPLES = 2
+NAO_SAMPLES = 8
+
+srand(0)
+
+class Vec
+  def initialize(x, y, z)
+    @x = x
+    @y = y
+    @z = z
+  end
+
+  attr_accessor :x, :y, :z
+
+  def vadd(b)
+    Vec.new(@x + b.x, @y + b.y, @z + b.z)
+  end
+
+  def vsub(b)
+    Vec.new(@x - b.x, @y - b.y, @z - b.z)
+  end
+
+  def vcross(b)
+    Vec.new(@y * b.z - @z * b.y,
+            @z * b.x - @x * b.z,
+            @x * b.y - @y * b.x)
+  end
+
+  def vdot(b)
+    @x * b.x + @y * b.y + @z * b.z
+  end
+
+  def vlength
+    Math.sqrt(@x * @x + @y * @y + @z * @z)
+  end
+
+  def vnormalize
+    len = vlength
+    v = Vec.new(@x, @y, @z)
+    if len > 1.0e-17 then
+      v.x = v.x / len
+      v.y = v.y / len
+      v.z = v.z / len
+    end
+    v
+  end
+end
+
+
+class Sphere
+  def initialize(center, radius)
+    @center = center
+    @radius = radius
+  end
+
+  attr_reader :center, :radius
+
+  def intersect(ray, isect)
+    rs = ray.org.vsub(@center)
+    b = rs.vdot(ray.dir)
+    c = rs.vdot(rs) - (@radius * @radius)
+    d = b * b - c
+    if d > 0.0 then
+      t = - b - Math.sqrt(d)
+
+      if t > 0.0 and t < isect.t then
+        isect.t = t
+        isect.hit = true
+        isect.pl = Vec.new(ray.org.x + ray.dir.x * t,
+                          ray.org.y + ray.dir.y * t,
+                          ray.org.z + ray.dir.z * t)
+        n = isect.pl.vsub(@center)
+        isect.n = n.vnormalize
+      else
+        0.0
+      end
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+end
+
+class Plane
+  def initialize(p, n)
+    @p = p
+    @n = n
+  end
+
+  def intersect(ray, isect)
+    d = -@p.vdot(@n)
+    v = ray.dir.vdot(@n)
+    v0 = v
+    if v < 0.0 then
+      v0 = -v
+    end
+    if v0 < 1.0e-17 then
+      return
+    end
+
+    t = -(ray.org.vdot(@n) + d) / v
+
+    if t > 0.0 and t < isect.t then
+      isect.hit = true
+      isect.t = t
+      isect.n = @n
+      isect.pl = Vec.new(ray.org.x + t * ray.dir.x,
+                        ray.org.y + t * ray.dir.y,
+                        ray.org.z + t * ray.dir.z)
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+end
+
+class Ray
+  def initialize(org, dir)
+    @org = org
+    @dir = dir
+  end
+
+  attr_accessor :org, :dir
+end
+
+class Isect
+  def initialize
+    @t = 10000000.0
+    @hit = false
+    @pl = Vec.new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+    @n = Vec.new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+  end
+
+  attr_accessor :t, :hit, :pl, :n
+end
+
+def clamp(f)
+  i = f * 255.5
+  if i > 255.0 then
+    i = 255.0
+  end
+  if i < 0.0 then
+    i = 0.0
+  end
+  i.to_i
+end
+
+def otherBasis(basis, n)
+  basis[2] = Vec.new(n.x, n.y, n.z)
+  basis[1] = Vec.new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+
+  if n.x < 0.6 and n.x > -0.6 then
+    basis[1].x = 1.0
+  elsif n.y < 0.6 and n.y > -0.6 then
+    basis[1].y = 1.0
+  elsif n.z < 0.6 and n.z > -0.6 then
+    basis[1].z = 1.0
+  else
+    basis[1].x = 1.0
+  end
+
+  basis[0] = basis[1].vcross(basis[2])
+  basis[0] = basis[0].vnormalize
+
+  basis[1] = basis[2].vcross(basis[0])
+  basis[1] = basis[1].vnormalize
+end
+
+class Scene
+  def initialize
+    @spheres = Array.new
+    @spheres[0] = Sphere.new(Vec.new(-2.0, 0.0, -3.5), 0.5)
+    @spheres[1] = Sphere.new(Vec.new(-0.5, 0.0, -3.0), 0.5)
+    @spheres[2] = Sphere.new(Vec.new(1.0, 0.0, -2.2), 0.5)
+    @plane = Plane.new(Vec.new(0.0, -0.5, 0.0), Vec.new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0))
+  end
+
+  def ambient_occlusion(isect)
+    basis = Array.new
+    otherBasis(basis, isect.n)
+
+    ntheta    = NAO_SAMPLES
+    nphi      = NAO_SAMPLES
+    eps       = 0.0001
+    occlusion = 0.0
+
+    p0 = Vec.new(isect.pl.x + eps * isect.n.x,
+                isect.pl.y + eps * isect.n.y,
+                isect.pl.z + eps * isect.n.z)
+    nphi.times do |j|
+      ntheta.times do |i|
+        r = rand
+        phi = 2.0 * 3.14159265 * rand
+        x = Math.cos(phi) * Math.sqrt(1.0 - r)
+        y = Math.sin(phi) * Math.sqrt(1.0 - r)
+        z = Math.sqrt(r)
+
+        rx = x * basis[0].x + y * basis[1].x + z * basis[2].x
+        ry = x * basis[0].y + y * basis[1].y + z * basis[2].y
+        rz = x * basis[0].z + y * basis[1].z + z * basis[2].z
+
+        raydir = Vec.new(rx, ry, rz)
+        ray = Ray.new(p0, raydir)
+
+        occisect = Isect.new
+        @spheres[0].intersect(ray, occisect)
+        @spheres[1].intersect(ray, occisect)
+        @spheres[2].intersect(ray, occisect)
+        @plane.intersect(ray, occisect)
+        if occisect.hit then
+          occlusion = occlusion + 1.0
+        else
+          0.0
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    occlusion = (ntheta.to_f * nphi.to_f - occlusion) / (ntheta.to_f * nphi.to_f)
+
+    Vec.new(occlusion, occlusion, occlusion)
+  end
+
+  def render(w, h, nsubsamples)
+    cnt = 0
+    nsf = nsubsamples.to_f
+    h.times do |y|
+      w.times do |x|
+        rad = Vec.new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+
+        # Subsampling
+        nsubsamples.times do |v|
+          nsubsamples.times do |u|
+
+            cnt = cnt + 1
+            wf = w.to_f
+            hf = h.to_f
+            xf = x.to_f
+            yf = y.to_f
+            uf = u.to_f
+            vf = v.to_f
+
+            px = (xf + (uf / nsf) - (wf / 2.0)) / (wf / 2.0)
+            py = -(yf + (vf / nsf) - (hf / 2.0)) / (hf / 2.0)
+
+            eye = Vec.new(px, py, -1.0).vnormalize
+
+            ray = Ray.new(Vec.new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), eye)
+
+            isect = Isect.new
+            @spheres[0].intersect(ray, isect)
+            @spheres[1].intersect(ray, isect)
+            @spheres[2].intersect(ray, isect)
+            @plane.intersect(ray, isect)
+            if isect.hit then
+              col = ambient_occlusion(isect)
+              rad.x = rad.x + col.x
+              rad.y = rad.y + col.y
+              rad.z = rad.z + col.z
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        r = rad.x / (nsf * nsf)
+        g = rad.y / (nsf * nsf)
+        b = rad.z / (nsf * nsf)
+        printf("%c", clamp(r))
+        printf("%c", clamp(g))
+        printf("%c", clamp(b))
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    nil
+  end
+end
+
+alias printf_orig printf
+def printf *args
+  # $fp.printf(*args)
+end
+
+# File.open("ao.ppm", "w") do |fp|
+  # $fp = fp
+  printf("P6\n")
+  printf("%d %d\n", IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT)
+  printf("255\n")
+  Scene.new.render(IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT, NSUBSAMPLES)
+# end
+
+undef printf
+alias printf printf_orig
diff --git a/benchmark/app_erb.yml b/benchmark/app_erb.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..31e29b7644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/app_erb.yml
author	git <svn-admin@ruby-lang.org>	2021-08-22 02:15:17 +0900
committer	git <svn-admin@ruby-lang.org>	2021-08-22 02:15:17 +0900
commit	ad99edc7db8a993435d44bf866732e6147e32c58 (patch)
tree	a9802aeb06860776066b4fcd01143073f20c8d87 /spec/ruby/core/float/finite_spec.rb
parent	48c8df9e0eb295af06d593ce37ce1933c0ee1d90 (diff)