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-rw-r--r--include/ruby/assert.h234
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/atomic.h236
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward.h79
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/assume.h43
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h170
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/bool.h37
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h38
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h132
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/limits.h100
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h65
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/r_cast.h33
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/rmodule.h37
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h30
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h47
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/backward/cxxanyargs.hpp683
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/debug.h103
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/defines.h109
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/encoding.h413
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/intern.h64
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/anyargs.h375
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h38
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h58
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h39
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h44
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h34
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h163
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h42
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h244
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h53
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h34
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h49
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h34
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h54
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h56
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h59
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h34
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/assume.h90
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h32
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h46
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h37
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/const.h46
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h85
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h63
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h42
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h32
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/error.h32
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h33
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h40
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/format.h38
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h38
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h58
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h45
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h91
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h35
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h32
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h48
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h43
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h45
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h37
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h32
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h32
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/cast.h53
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h45
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h41
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h38
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h46
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h41
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h57
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h55
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h61
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/config.h144
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/constant_p.h37
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core.h35
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h270
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h85
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h51
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h47
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h184
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h36
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h62
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h73
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/robject.h96
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h84
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h215
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h73
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h186
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/ctype.h203
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/dllexport.h92
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/dosish.h63
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/error.h84
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/eval.h50
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/event.h75
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/fl_type.h471
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/gc.h57
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/glob.h35
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/globals.h157
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h164
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h105
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h38
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h87
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h48
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/has/extension.h33
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/has/feature.h31
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/has/warning.h31
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/array.h78
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h105
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/class.h57
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h34
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h60
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h41
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h33
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h33
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h80
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/error.h82
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h59
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/file.h42
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h57
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h59
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/io.h70
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/load.h44
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h35
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h42
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/object.h90
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h64
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h53
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/process.h46
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/random.h45
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/range.h35
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h46
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/re.h50
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h37
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/select.h52
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h103
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/select/posix.h82
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/select/win32.h124
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h39
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h43
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/string.h298
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h47
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h76
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/time.h51
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h83
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h77
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/interpreter.h93
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/iterator.h65
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/memory.h281
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/method.h39
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/module.h39
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/newobj.h73
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/rgengc.h199
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/scan_args.h401
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/special_consts.h204
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/static_assert.h77
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/stdalign.h133
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/stdbool.h51
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/symbol.h114
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/token_paste.h75
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/value.h66
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/value_type.h354
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/variable.h62
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/warning_push.h91
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h362
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/io.h180
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/memory_view.h165
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/missing.h266
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/onigmo.h941
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/oniguruma.h8
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/ractor.h68
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/random.h92
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/re.h34
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/regex.h44
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/ruby.h153
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/st.h197
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/subst.h27
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/thread.h42
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/thread_native.h72
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/util.h51
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/version.h60
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/vm.h49
-rw-r--r--include/ruby/win32.h815
180 files changed, 17749 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/include/ruby/assert.h b/include/ruby/assert.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b70d7103e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/assert.h
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_ASSERT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_ASSERT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @date Wed May 18 00:21:44 JST 1994
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/cold.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/assume.h"
+
+/* RUBY_NDEBUG is very simple: after everything described below are done,
+ * define it with either NDEBUG is undefined (=0) or defined (=1). It is truly
+ * subordinate.
+ *
+ * RUBY_DEBUG versus NDEBUG is complicated. Assertions shall be:
+ *
+ * | -UNDEBUG | -DNDEBUG
+ * ---------------+----------+---------
+ * -URUBY_DEBUG | (*1) | disabled
+ * -DRUBY_DEBUG=0 | disabled | disabled
+ * -DRUBY_DEBUG=1 | enabled | (*2)
+ * -DRUBY_DEBUG | enabled | (*2)
+ *
+ * where:
+ *
+ * - (*1): Assertions shall be silently disabled, no warnings, in favour of
+ * commit 21991e6ca59274e41a472b5256bd3245f6596c90.
+ *
+ * - (*2): Compile-time warnings shall be issued.
+ */
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+
+/*
+ * Pro tip: `!!RUBY_DEBUG-1` expands to...
+ *
+ * - `!!(-1)` (== `!0` == `1`) when RUBY_DEBUG is defined to be empty,
+ * - `(!!0)-1` (== `0-1` == `-1`) when RUBY_DEBUG is defined as 0, and
+ * - `(!!n)-1` (== `1-1` == `0`) when RUBY_DEBUG is defined as something else.
+ */
+#if ! defined(RUBY_DEBUG)
+# define RBIMPL_RUBY_DEBUG 0
+#elif !!RUBY_DEBUG-1 < 0
+# define RBIMPL_RUBY_DEBUG 0
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_RUBY_DEBUG 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * ISO/IEC 9899 (all past versions) says that "If NDEBUG is defined as a macro
+ * name at the point in the source file where <assert.h> is included, ..."
+ * which means we must not take its defined value into account.
+ */
+#if defined(NDEBUG)
+# define RBIMPL_NDEBUG 1
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_NDEBUG 0
+#endif
+
+/** @endcond */
+
+/* Here we go... */
+#undef RUBY_DEBUG
+#undef RUBY_NDEBUG
+#undef NDEBUG
+#if defined(__DOXYGEN__)
+# /** Define this macro when you want assertions. */
+# define RUBY_DEBUG 0
+# /** Define this macro when you don't want assertions. */
+# define NDEBUG
+# /** This macro is basically the same as #NDEBUG */
+# define RUBY_NDEBUG 1
+
+#elif (RBIMPL_NDEBUG == 1) && (RBIMPL_RUBY_DEBUG == 0)
+# /* Assertions disabled as per request, no conflicts. */
+# define RUBY_DEBUG 0
+# define RUBY_NDEBUG 1
+# define NDEBUG
+
+#elif (RBIMPL_NDEBUG == 0) && (RBIMPL_RUBY_DEBUG == 1)
+# /* Assertions enabled as per request, no conflicts. */
+# define RUBY_DEBUG 1
+# define RUBY_NDEBUG 0
+# /* keep NDEBUG undefined */
+
+#elif (RBIMPL_NDEBUG == 0) && (RBIMPL_RUBY_DEBUG == 0)
+# /* The (*1) situation in avobe diagram. */
+# define RUBY_DEBUG 0
+# define RUBY_NDEBUG 1
+# define NDEBUG
+
+#elif (RBIMPL_NDEBUG == 1) && (RBIMPL_RUBY_DEBUG == 1)
+# /* The (*2) situation in above diagram. */
+# define RUBY_DEBUG 1
+# define RUBY_NDEBUG 0
+# /* keep NDEBUG undefined */
+
+# if defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma message("NDEBUG is ignored because RUBY_DEBUG>0.")
+# elif defined(__GNUC__)
+# pragma GCC warning "NDEBUG is ignored because RUBY_DEBUG>0."
+# else
+# error NDEBUG is ignored because RUBY_DEBUG>0.
+# endif
+#endif
+#undef RBIMPL_NDEBUG
+#undef RBIMPL_RUBY_DEBUG
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING RBIMPL_CAST((void)0)
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
+void rb_assert_failure(const char *file, int line, const char *name, const char *expr);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#ifdef RUBY_FUNCTION_NAME_STRING
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_FUNC RUBY_FUNCTION_NAME_STRING
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_FUNC RBIMPL_CAST((const char *)0)
+#endif
+
+/** @endcond */
+
+/**
+ * Prints the given message, and terminates the entire process abnormally.
+ *
+ * @param mesg The message to display.
+ */
+#define RUBY_ASSERT_FAIL(mesg) \
+ rb_assert_failure(__FILE__, __LINE__, RBIMPL_ASSERT_FUNC, mesg)
+
+/**
+ * Asserts that the expression is truthy. If not aborts with the message.
+ *
+ * @param expr What supposedly evaluates to true.
+ * @param mesg The message to display on failure.
+ */
+#define RUBY_ASSERT_MESG(expr, mesg) \
+ (RB_LIKELY(expr) ? RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING : RUBY_ASSERT_FAIL(mesg))
+
+/**
+ * A variant of #RUBY_ASSERT that does not interface with #RUBY_DEBUG.
+ *
+ * @copydetails #RUBY_ASSERT
+ */
+#define RUBY_ASSERT_ALWAYS(expr) RUBY_ASSERT_MESG((expr), #expr)
+
+/**
+ * Asserts that the given expression is truthy iff #RUBY_DEBUG is truthy.
+ *
+ * @param expr What supposedly evaluates to true.
+ */
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+# define RUBY_ASSERT(expr) RUBY_ASSERT_MESG((expr), #expr)
+#else
+# define RUBY_ASSERT(expr) RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * A variant of #RUBY_ASSERT that interfaces with #NDEBUG instead of
+ * #RUBY_DEBUG. This almost resembles `assert` C standard macro, except minor
+ * implementation details.
+ *
+ * @copydetails #RUBY_ASSERT
+ */
+/* Currently `RUBY_DEBUG == ! defined(NDEBUG)` is always true. There is no
+ * difference any longer between this one and `RUBY_ASSERT`. */
+#if defined(NDEBUG)
+# define RUBY_ASSERT_NDEBUG(expr) RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING
+#else
+# define RUBY_ASSERT_NDEBUG(expr) RUBY_ASSERT_MESG((expr), #expr)
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @copydoc #RUBY_ASSERT_WHEN
+ * @param mesg The message to display on failure.
+ */
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+# define RUBY_ASSERT_MESG_WHEN(cond, expr, mesg) RUBY_ASSERT_MESG((expr), (mesg))
+#else
+# define RUBY_ASSERT_MESG_WHEN(cond, expr, mesg) \
+ ((cond) ? RUBY_ASSERT_MESG((expr), (mesg)) : RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING)
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * A variant of #RUBY_ASSERT that asserts when either #RUBY_DEBUG or `cond`
+ * parameter is truthy.
+ *
+ * @param cond Extra condition that shall hold for assertion to take effect.
+ * @param expr What supposedly evaluates to true.
+ */
+#define RUBY_ASSERT_WHEN(cond, expr) RUBY_ASSERT_MESG_WHEN((cond), (expr), #expr)
+
+/**
+ * This is either #RUBY_ASSERT or #RBIMPL_ASSUME, depending on #RUBY_DEBUG.
+ *
+ * @copydetails #RUBY_ASSERT
+ */
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(expr) RUBY_ASSERT_ALWAYS(expr)
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(Clang, 7, 0, 0)
+# /* See commit 67d259c5dccd31fe49d417fec169977712ffdf10 */
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(expr) RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING
+#elif defined(RUBY_ASSERT_NOASSUME)
+# /* See commit d300a734414ef6de7e8eb563b7cc4389c455ed08 */
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(expr) RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING
+#elif ! defined(RBIMPL_HAVE___ASSUME)
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(expr) RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(expr) RBIMPL_ASSUME(expr)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_ASSERT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/atomic.h b/include/ruby/atomic.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a898c30ddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/atomic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_H
+#define RUBY_ATOMIC_H
+
+/*
+ * - RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS, RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE, RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_*:
+ * return the old * value.
+ * - RUBY_ATOMIC_ADD, RUBY_ATOMIC_SUB, RUBY_ATOMIC_INC, RUBY_ATOMIC_DEC, RUBY_ATOMIC_OR, RUBY_ATOMIC_SET:
+ * may be void.
+ */
+#if 0
+#elif defined HAVE_GCC_ATOMIC_BUILTINS
+typedef unsigned int rb_atomic_t;
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_ADD(var, val) __atomic_fetch_add(&(var), (val), __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_SUB(var, val) __atomic_fetch_sub(&(var), (val), __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_OR(var, val) __atomic_fetch_or(&(var), (val), __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(var, val) __atomic_exchange_n(&(var), (val), __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS(var, oldval, newval) RB_GNUC_EXTENSION_BLOCK( \
+ __typeof__(var) oldvaldup = (oldval); /* oldval should not be modified */ \
+ __atomic_compare_exchange_n(&(var), &oldvaldup, (newval), 0, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST); \
+ oldvaldup )
+
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_GENERIC_MACRO 1
+
+#elif defined HAVE_GCC_SYNC_BUILTINS
+/* @shyouhei hack to support atomic operations in case of gcc. Gcc
+ * has its own pseudo-insns to support them. See info, or
+ * http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Atomic-Builtins.html */
+
+typedef unsigned int rb_atomic_t; /* Anything OK */
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_ADD(var, val) __sync_fetch_and_add(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_SUB(var, val) __sync_fetch_and_sub(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_OR(var, val) __sync_fetch_and_or(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(var, val) __sync_lock_test_and_set(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS(var, oldval, newval) __sync_val_compare_and_swap(&(var), (oldval), (newval))
+
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_GENERIC_MACRO 1
+
+#elif defined _WIN32
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 13, 0, 0)
+#pragma intrinsic(_InterlockedOr)
+#endif
+typedef LONG rb_atomic_t;
+
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SET(var, val) InterlockedExchange(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(var) InterlockedIncrement(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_DEC(var) InterlockedDecrement(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_ADD(var, val) InterlockedExchangeAdd(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_SUB(var, val) InterlockedExchangeAdd(&(var), -(LONG)(val))
+#if defined __GNUC__
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_OR(var, val) __asm__("lock\n\t" "orl\t%1, %0" : "=m"(var) : "Ir"(val))
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(MSVC, 13, 0, 0)
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_OR(var, val) rb_w32_atomic_or(&(var), (val))
+static inline void
+rb_w32_atomic_or(volatile rb_atomic_t *var, rb_atomic_t val)
+{
+#ifdef _M_IX86
+ __asm mov eax, var;
+ __asm mov ecx, val;
+ __asm lock or [eax], ecx;
+#else
+#error unsupported architecture
+#endif
+}
+#else
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_OR(var, val) _InterlockedOr(&(var), (val))
+#endif
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(var, val) InterlockedExchange(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS(var, oldval, newval) InterlockedCompareExchange(&(var), (newval), (oldval))
+# if RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(MSVC, 13, 0, 0)
+static inline rb_atomic_t
+rb_w32_atomic_cas(volatile rb_atomic_t *var, rb_atomic_t oldval, rb_atomic_t newval)
+{
+ return (rb_atomic_t)InterlockedCompareExchange((PVOID *)var, (PVOID)newval, (PVOID)oldval);
+}
+# undef RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS(var, oldval, newval) rb_w32_atomic_cas(&(var), (oldval), (newval))
+# endif
+# ifdef _M_AMD64
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_ADD(var, val) InterlockedExchangeAdd64((LONG_LONG *)&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_SUB(var, val) InterlockedExchangeAdd64((LONG_LONG *)&(var), -(LONG)(val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_INC(var) InterlockedIncrement64(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_DEC(var) InterlockedDecrement64(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE(var, val) InterlockedExchange64(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS(var, oldval, newval) InterlockedCompareExchange64(&(var), (newval), (oldval))
+# else
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_ADD(var, val) InterlockedExchangeAdd((LONG *)&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_SUB(var, val) InterlockedExchangeAdd((LONG *)&(var), -(LONG)(val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_INC(var) InterlockedIncrement((LONG *)&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_DEC(var) InterlockedDecrement((LONG *)&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE(var, val) InterlockedExchange((LONG *)&(var), (val))
+# endif
+
+# ifdef InterlockedExchangePointer
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_EXCHANGE(var, val) InterlockedExchangePointer((PVOID volatile *)&(var), (PVOID)(val))
+# endif /* See below for definitions of other situations */
+
+#elif defined(__sun) && defined(HAVE_ATOMIC_H)
+#include <atomic.h>
+typedef unsigned int rb_atomic_t;
+
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(var) atomic_inc_uint(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_DEC(var) atomic_dec_uint(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_ADD(var, val) rb_atomic_fetch_add(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_SUB(var, val) rb_atomic_fetch_sub(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_ADD(var, val) atomic_add_uint(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SUB(var, val) atomic_sub_uint(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_OR(var, val) atomic_or_uint(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(var, val) atomic_swap_uint(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS(var, oldval, newval) atomic_cas_uint(&(var), (oldval), (newval))
+
+static inline rb_atomic_t
+rb_atomic_fetch_add(volatile rb_atomic_t *var, rb_atomic_t val)
+{
+ return atomic_add_int_nv(var, val) - val;
+}
+
+static inline rb_atomic_t
+rb_atomic_fetch_sub(volatile rb_atomic_t *var, rb_atomic_t val)
+{
+ return atomic_add_int_nv(var, (rb_atomic_t)(-(int)val)) + val;
+}
+
+# if defined(_LP64) || defined(_I32LPx)
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_ADD(var, val) atomic_add_long(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_SUB(var, val) atomic_add_long(&(var), -(val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_INC(var) atomic_inc_ulong(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_DEC(var) atomic_dec_ulong(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE(var, val) atomic_swap_ulong(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS(var, oldval, val) atomic_cas_ulong(&(var), (oldval), (val))
+# else
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_ADD(var, val) atomic_add_int(&(var), (val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_SUB(var, val) atomic_add_int(&(var), -(val))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_INC(var) atomic_inc_uint(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_DEC(var) atomic_dec_uint(&(var))
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE(var, val) atomic_swap_uint(&(var), (val))
+# endif
+
+#else
+# error No atomic operation found
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_SET
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SET(var, val) (void)RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(var, val)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_ADD
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_ADD(var, val) (void)RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_ADD(var, val)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_SUB
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SUB(var, val) (void)RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_SUB(var, val)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_INC
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(var) RUBY_ATOMIC_ADD(var, 1)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_DEC
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_DEC(var) RUBY_ATOMIC_SUB(var, 1)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_INC
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_INC(var) RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(var)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_DEC
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_DEC(var) RUBY_ATOMIC_DEC(var)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE(var, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(var, val)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS(var, oldval, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS(var, oldval, val)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_ADD
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_ADD(var, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_ADD(var, val)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_SUB
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_SUB(var, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_SUB(var, val)
+#endif
+
+#if RUBY_ATOMIC_GENERIC_MACRO
+# ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_EXCHANGE
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_EXCHANGE(var, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(var, val)
+# endif
+
+# ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_CAS
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_CAS(var, oldval, newval) RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS(var, oldval, newval)
+# endif
+
+# ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_VALUE_EXCHANGE
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_VALUE_EXCHANGE(var, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(var, val)
+# endif
+
+# ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_VALUE_CAS
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_VALUE_CAS(var, oldval, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS(var, oldval, val)
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_EXCHANGE
+# if SIZEOF_VOIDP == SIZEOF_SIZE_T
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_EXCHANGE(var, val) (void *)RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE(*(size_t *)&(var), (size_t)(val))
+# else
+# error No atomic exchange for void*
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_CAS
+# if SIZEOF_VOIDP == SIZEOF_SIZE_T
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_CAS(var, oldval, val) (void *)RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS(*(size_t *)&(var), (size_t)(oldval), (size_t)(val))
+# else
+# error No atomic compare-and-set for void*
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_VALUE_EXCHANGE
+# if SIZEOF_VALUE == SIZEOF_SIZE_T
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_VALUE_EXCHANGE(var, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE(*(size_t *)&(var), (size_t)(val))
+# else
+# error No atomic exchange for VALUE
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ATOMIC_VALUE_CAS
+# if SIZEOF_VALUE == SIZEOF_SIZE_T
+# define RUBY_ATOMIC_VALUE_CAS(var, oldval, val) RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS(*(size_t *)&(var), (size_t)(oldval), (size_t)(val))
+# else
+# error No atomic compare-and-set for VALUE
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_ATOMIC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward.h b/include/ruby/backward.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..350a58ee95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward.h
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_RUBY_BACKWARD_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_RUBY_BACKWARD_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/interpreter.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/attributes.h"
+
+#define DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(ver, func) \
+ NORETURN(ERRORFUNC(("deprecated since "#ver), DEPRECATED(void func(void))))
+
+/* eval.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(2.2, rb_disable_super);
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(2.2, rb_enable_super);
+
+/* hash.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(2.2, rb_hash_iter_lev);
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(2.2, rb_hash_ifnone);
+
+/* string.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(2.2, rb_str_associate);
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(2.2, rb_str_associated);
+
+/* variable.c */
+DEPRECATED(void rb_autoload(VALUE, ID, const char*));
+
+/* vm.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(2.2, rb_clear_cache);
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_FEATURE(2.2, rb_frame_pop);
+
+#define DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(func) \
+ NORETURN(ERRORFUNC(("deprecated internal function"), DEPRECATED(void func(void))))
+
+/* eval.c */
+NORETURN(ERRORFUNC(("internal function"), void rb_frozen_class_p(VALUE)));
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_exec_end_proc);
+
+/* error.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_compile_error);
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_compile_error_with_enc);
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_compile_error_append);
+
+/* gc.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_gc_call_finalizer_at_exit);
+
+/* signal.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_trap_exit);
+
+/* struct.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_struct_ptr);
+
+/* thread.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_clear_trace_func);
+
+/* variable.c */
+DECLARE_DEPRECATED_INTERNAL_FEATURE(rb_generic_ivar_table);
+NORETURN(ERRORFUNC(("internal function"), VALUE rb_mod_const_missing(VALUE, VALUE)));
+
+/* from version.c */
+#if defined(RUBY_SHOW_COPYRIGHT_TO_DIE) && !!(RUBY_SHOW_COPYRIGHT_TO_DIE+0)
+/* for source code backward compatibility */
+RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("since 2.4"))
+static inline int
+ruby_show_copyright_to_die(int exitcode)
+{
+ ruby_show_copyright();
+ return exitcode;
+}
+#define ruby_show_copyright() /* defer EXIT_SUCCESS */ \
+ (exit(ruby_show_copyright_to_die(EXIT_SUCCESS)))
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_RUBY_BACKWARD_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/assume.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fbb81439a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_ASSUME_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_ASSUME_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #ASSUME / #RB_LIKELY / #UNREACHABLE
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/builtin.h"
+
+#undef ASSUME /* Kill config.h definition */
+#undef UNREACHABLE /* Kill config.h definition */
+#define ASSUME RBIMPL_ASSUME
+#define UNREACHABLE RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE()
+#define UNREACHABLE_RETURN RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN
+
+/* likely */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_expect)
+# define RB_LIKELY(x) (__builtin_expect(!!(x), 1))
+# define RB_UNLIKELY(x) (__builtin_expect(!!(x), 0))
+
+#else
+# define RB_LIKELY(x) (x)
+# define RB_UNLIKELY(x) (x)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_ASSUME_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eaff9e3381
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_ATTRIBUTES_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_ATTRIBUTES_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Various attribute-related macros.
+ *
+ * ### Q&A ###
+ *
+ * - Q: Why are the macros defined in this header file so inconsistent in
+ * style?
+ *
+ * - A: Don't know. Don't blame me. Backward compatibility is the key here.
+ * I'm just preserving what they have been.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/cold.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/error.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/format.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/warning.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/* function attributes */
+#undef CONSTFUNC
+#define CONSTFUNC(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST() x
+
+#undef PUREFUNC
+#define PUREFUNC(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() x
+
+#undef DEPRECATED
+#define DEPRECATED(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("")) x
+
+#undef DEPRECATED_BY
+#define DEPRECATED_BY(n,x) RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("by: " # n)) x
+
+#undef DEPRECATED_TYPE
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+# define DEPRECATED_TYPE(mesg, decl) \
+ _Pragma("message \"DEPRECATED_TYPE is deprecated\""); \
+ decl RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(mseg)
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma deprecated(DEPRECATED_TYPE)
+# define DEPRECATED_TYPE(mesg, decl) \
+ __pragma(message(__FILE__"("STRINGIZE(__LINE__)"): warning: " \
+ "DEPRECATED_TYPE is deprecated")) \
+ decl RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(mseg)
+#else
+# define DEPRECATED_TYPE(mesg, decl) \
+ <-<-"DEPRECATED_TYPE is deprecated"->->
+#endif
+
+#undef RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED
+#define RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED(mseg) RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED((mseg))
+
+#undef NOINLINE
+#define NOINLINE(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE() x
+
+#ifndef MJIT_HEADER
+# undef ALWAYS_INLINE
+# define ALWAYS_INLINE(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE() x
+#endif
+
+#undef ERRORFUNC
+#define ERRORFUNC(mesg, x) RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR(mesg) x
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(error)
+# define HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_ERRORFUNC 1
+#else
+# define HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_ERRORFUNC 0
+#endif
+
+#undef WARNINGFUNC
+#define WARNINGFUNC(mesg, x) RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING(mesg) x
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(warning)
+# define HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_WARNINGFUNC 1
+#else
+# define HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_WARNINGFUNC 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+ cold attribute for code layout improvements
+ RUBY_FUNC_ATTRIBUTE not used because MSVC does not like nested func macros
+ */
+#undef COLDFUNC
+#define COLDFUNC RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
+
+#define PRINTF_ARGS(decl, string_index, first_to_check) \
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, (string_index), (first_to_check)) \
+ decl
+
+#undef RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE
+#define RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE
+
+#undef RUBY_ATTR_MALLOC
+#define RUBY_ATTR_MALLOC RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+
+#undef RUBY_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL
+#define RUBY_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+
+#ifndef FUNC_MINIMIZED
+#define FUNC_MINIMIZED(x) x
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FUNC_UNOPTIMIZED
+#define FUNC_UNOPTIMIZED(x) x
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_TYPE
+#define RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_TYPE(type, prot, name, args) \
+ FUNC_MINIMIZED(type prot) {return (type)name args;}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_VOID
+#define RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_VOID(prot, name, args) \
+ FUNC_MINIMIZED(void prot) {name args;}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION
+#define RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION(prot, name, args) \
+ RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION_TYPE(VALUE, prot, name, args)
+#endif
+
+#undef RUBY_FUNC_NONNULL
+#define RUBY_FUNC_NONNULL(n, x) RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(n) x
+
+#undef NORETURN
+#define NORETURN(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() x
+#define NORETURN_STYLE_NEW
+
+#ifndef PACKED_STRUCT
+# define PACKED_STRUCT(x) x
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED
+# if UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS
+# define PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(x) PACKED_STRUCT(x)
+# else
+# define PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(x) x
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#undef RB_UNUSED_VAR
+#define RB_UNUSED_VAR(x) x RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_ATTRIBUTES_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/bool.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..53164eb3b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_BOOL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_BOOL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old #TRUE / #FALSE
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+
+#ifndef FALSE
+# define FALSE false
+#elif FALSE
+# error FALSE must be false
+#endif
+
+#ifndef TRUE
+# define TRUE true
+#elif ! TRUE
+# error TRUE must be true
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_BOOL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a5b76c102
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_GCC_VERSION_SINCE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_GCC_VERSION_SINCE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old #GCC_VERSION_SINCE
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+
+#ifndef GCC_VERSION_SINCE
+#define GCC_VERSION_SINCE(x, y, z) RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, (x), (y), (z))
+#endif
+
+#ifndef GCC_VERSION_BEFORE
+#define GCC_VERSION_BEFORE(x, y, z) \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(GCC, (x), (y), (z)) || \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(GCC) && \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR == (x)) && \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR == (y)) && \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH == (z))))))
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_GCC_VERSION_SINCE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1e376a107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_INTTYPES_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_INTTYPES_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief C99 shim for `<inttypes.h>`
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h" /* PRI_LL_PREFIX etc. are here */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
+# include <inttypes.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h" /* PRI_VALUE_PREFIX is here. */
+
+#ifndef PRI_INT_PREFIX
+# define PRI_INT_PREFIX ""
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRI_LONG_PREFIX
+# define PRI_LONG_PREFIX "l"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRI_SHORT_PREFIX
+# define PRI_SHORT_PREFIX "h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRI_64_PREFIX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG == 8
+# define PRI_64_PREFIX PRI_LONG_PREFIX
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8
+# define PRI_64_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRIdPTR
+# define PRIdPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"d"
+# define PRIiPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"i"
+# define PRIoPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"o"
+# define PRIuPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"u"
+# define PRIxPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"x"
+# define PRIXPTR PRI_PTR_PREFIX"X"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_PRI_VALUE_MARK
+# define RUBY_PRI_VALUE_MARK "\v"
+#endif
+
+#if defined PRIdPTR && !defined PRI_VALUE_PREFIX
+# define PRIdVALUE PRIdPTR
+# define PRIoVALUE PRIoPTR
+# define PRIuVALUE PRIuPTR
+# define PRIxVALUE PRIxPTR
+# define PRIXVALUE PRIXPTR
+# define PRIsVALUE PRIiPTR"" RUBY_PRI_VALUE_MARK
+#else
+# define PRIdVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"d"
+# define PRIoVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"o"
+# define PRIuVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"u"
+# define PRIxVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"x"
+# define PRIXVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"X"
+# define PRIsVALUE PRI_VALUE_PREFIX"i" RUBY_PRI_VALUE_MARK
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRI_VALUE_PREFIX
+# define PRI_VALUE_PREFIX ""
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRI_TIMET_PREFIX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_TIME_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define PRI_TIMET_PREFIX
+#elif SIZEOF_TIME_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define PRI_TIMET_PREFIX "l"
+#elif SIZEOF_TIME_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define PRI_TIMET_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX ""
+#elif SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX "l"
+#elif SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRIdPTRDIFF
+# define PRIdPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"d"
+# define PRIiPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"i"
+# define PRIoPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"o"
+# define PRIuPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"u"
+# define PRIxPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"x"
+# define PRIXPTRDIFF PRI_PTRDIFF_PREFIX"X"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRI_SIZE_PREFIX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define PRI_SIZE_PREFIX ""
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define PRI_SIZE_PREFIX "l"
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define PRI_SIZE_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PRIdSIZE
+# define PRIdSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"d"
+# define PRIiSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"i"
+# define PRIoSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"o"
+# define PRIuSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"u"
+# define PRIxSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"x"
+# define PRIXSIZE PRI_SIZE_PREFIX"X"
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_INTTYPES_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/limits.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e38009b01a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_LIMITS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_LIMITS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Historical shim for `<limits.h>`.
+ *
+ * The macros in this header file are obsolescent. Does anyone really need our
+ * own definition of #CHAR_BIT today?
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
+# include <limits.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+
+#ifndef LONG_MAX
+# /* assuming 32bit(2's complement) long */
+# define LONG_MAX 2147483647L
+#endif
+
+#ifndef LONG_MIN
+# define LONG_MIN (-LONG_MAX-1)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CHAR_BIT
+# define CHAR_BIT 8
+#endif
+
+#ifdef LLONG_MAX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(LONG_LONG_MAX)
+# define LLONG_MAX LONG_LONG_MAX
+#elif defined(_I64_MAX)
+# define LLONG_MAX _I64_MAX
+#else
+# /* assuming 64bit(2's complement) long long */
+# define LLONG_MAX 9223372036854775807LL
+#endif
+
+#ifdef LLONG_MIN
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(LONG_LONG_MIN)
+# define LLONG_MIN LONG_LONG_MIN
+#elif defined(_I64_MAX)
+# define LLONG_MIN _I64_MIN
+#else
+# define LLONG_MIN (-LLONG_MAX-1)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SIZE_MAX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define SIZE_MAX ULLONG_MAX
+# define SIZE_MIN ULLONG_MIN
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define SIZE_MAX ULONG_MAX
+# define SIZE_MIN ULONG_MIN
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define SIZE_MAX UINT_MAX
+# define SIZE_MIN UINT_MIN
+#else
+# define SIZE_MAX USHRT_MAX
+# define SIZE_MIN USHRT_MIN
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SSIZE_MAX
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define SSIZE_MAX LLONG_MAX
+# define SSIZE_MIN LLONG_MIN
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define SSIZE_MAX LONG_MAX
+# define SSIZE_MIN LONG_MIN
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_INT
+# define SSIZE_MAX INT_MAX
+# define SSIZE_MIN INT_MIN
+#else
+# define SSIZE_MAX SHRT_MAX
+# define SSIZE_MIN SHRT_MIN
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_LIMITS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..83eabb459c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_LONG_LONG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_LONG_LONG_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old #LONG_LONG
+ *
+ * No known compiler that can compile today's ruby lacks long long.
+ * Historically MSVC was one of such compiler, but it implemented long long a
+ * while ago (some time back in 2013). The macros are for backwards
+ * compatibility only.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/warning.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/warning_push.h"
+
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wc++11-long-long")
+# define HAVE_TRUE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define LONG_LONG \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wc++11-long-long) \
+ long long \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wlong-long")
+# define HAVE_TRUE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define LONG_LONG \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wlong-long) \
+ long long \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_LONG_LONG)
+# define HAVE_TRUE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define LONG_LONG long long
+
+#elif SIZEOF___INT64 > 0
+# define HAVE_LONG_LONG 1
+# define LONG_LONG __int64
+# undef SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define SIZEOF_LONG_LONG SIZEOF___INT64
+
+#else
+# error Hello! Ruby developers believe this message must not happen.
+# error If you encounter this message, can you file a bug report?
+# error Remember to attach a detailed description of your environment.
+# error Thank you!
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_BACKWARD2_LONG_LONG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/r_cast.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/r_cast.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4600699a9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/r_cast.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_R_CAST_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_R_CAST_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old #R_CAST
+ *
+ * Nobody is actively using this macro.
+ */
+#define R_CAST(st) (struct st*)
+#define RMOVED(obj) (R_CAST(RMoved)(obj))
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+# warning R_CAST and RMOVED are deprecated
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma message("warning: R_CAST and RMOVED are deprecated")
+#endif
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_R_CAST_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/rmodule.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/rmodule.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a3e2d39f35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/rmodule.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_RMODULE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_RMODULE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Orphan macros.
+ *
+ * These macros seems broken since at least 2011. Nobody (except ruby itself
+ * who is implementing the internals) could have used those macros for a while.
+ * Kept public as-is here to keep some theoretical backwards compatibility.
+ */
+#define RMODULE_IV_TBL(m) RCLASS_IV_TBL(m)
+#define RMODULE_CONST_TBL(m) RCLASS_CONST_TBL(m)
+#define RMODULE_M_TBL(m) RCLASS_M_TBL(m)
+#define RMODULE_SUPER(m) RCLASS_SUPER(m)
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+# warning RMODULE_* macros are deprecated
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma message("warning: RMODULE_* macros are deprecated")
+#endif
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_RMODULE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d3c333bde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDALIGN_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDALIGN_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RUBY_ALIGNAS / #RUBY_ALIGNOF
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/stdalign.h"
+
+#undef RUBY_ALIGNAS
+#undef RUBY_ALIGNOF
+#define RUBY_ALIGNAS RBIMPL_ALIGNAS
+#define RUBY_ALIGNOF RBIMPL_ALIGNOF
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDALIGN_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2a9ca1e2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDARG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDARG_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines old #_
+ *
+ * Nobody should ever use these macros any longer. No konwn compilers lack
+ * prototypes today. It's 21st century. Just forget them.
+ */
+
+#undef _
+#ifdef HAVE_PROTOTYPES
+# define _(args) args
+#else
+# define _(args) ()
+#endif
+
+#undef __
+#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
+# define __(args) args
+#else
+# define __(args) ()
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define ANYARGS ...
+#else
+#define ANYARGS
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BACKWARD2_STDARG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/cxxanyargs.hpp b/include/ruby/backward/cxxanyargs.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc5745d850
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/cxxanyargs.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,683 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_BACKWARD_CXXANYARGS_HPP //-*-C++-*-vi:ft=cpp
+#define RUBY_BACKWARD_CXXANYARGS_HPP
+/// @file
+/// @author \@shyouhei
+/// @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+/// Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+/// modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+/// file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+/// @note DO NOT MODERNIZE THIS FILE! As the file name implies it is
+/// meant to be a backwards compatibility shim. Please stick to
+/// C++ 98 and never use newer features, like `constexpr`.
+/// @brief Provides old prototypes for C++ programs.
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/class.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/cont.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/hash.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/proc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/thread.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/variable.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/vm.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/iterator.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/method.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/variable.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h"
+#include "ruby/st.h"
+
+extern "C++" {
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NULLPTR
+#include <cstddef>
+#endif
+
+/// @brief The main namespace.
+/// @note The name "ruby" might already be taken, but that must not be a
+/// problem because namespaces are allowed to reopen.
+namespace ruby {
+
+/// Backwards compatibility layer.
+namespace backward {
+
+/// Provides ANYARGS deprecation warnings. In C, ANYARGS means there is no
+/// function prototype. Literally anything, even including nothing, can be a
+/// valid ANYARGS. So passing a correctly prototyped function pointer to an
+/// ANYARGS-ed function parameter is valid, at the same time passing an
+/// ANYARGS-ed function pointer to a granular typed function parameter is also
+/// valid. However on the other hand in C++, ANYARGS doesn't actually mean any
+/// number of arguments. C++'s ANYARGS means _variadic_ number of arguments.
+/// This is incompatible with ordinal, correct function prototypes.
+///
+/// Luckily, function prototypes being distinct each other means they can be
+/// overloaded. We can provide a compatibility layer for older Ruby APIs which
+/// used to have ANYARGS. This namespace includes such attempts.
+namespace cxxanyargs {
+
+typedef VALUE type(ANYARGS); ///< ANYARGS-ed function type.
+typedef void void_type(ANYARGS); ///< ANYARGS-ed function type, void variant.
+typedef int int_type(ANYARGS); ///< ANYARGS-ed function type, int variant.
+typedef VALUE onearg_type(VALUE); ///< Single-argumented function type.
+
+/// @name Hooking global variables
+/// @{
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Define a function-backended global variable.
+/// @param[in] q Name of the variable.
+/// @param[in] w Getter function.
+/// @param[in] e Setter function.
+/// @note Both functions can be nullptr.
+/// @see rb_define_hooked_variable()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline void
+rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *q, type *w, void_type *e)
+{
+ rb_gvar_getter_t *r = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_getter_t*>(w);
+ rb_gvar_setter_t *t = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_setter_t*>(e);
+ ::rb_define_virtual_variable(q, r, t);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+inline void
+rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *q, rb_gvar_getter_t *w, void_type *e)
+{
+ rb_gvar_setter_t *t = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_setter_t*>(e);
+ ::rb_define_virtual_variable(q, w, t);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+inline void
+rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *q, type *w, rb_gvar_setter_t *e)
+{
+ rb_gvar_getter_t *r = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_getter_t*>(w);
+ ::rb_define_virtual_variable(q, r, e);
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NULLPTR
+inline void
+rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *q, rb_gvar_getter_t *w, std::nullptr_t e)
+{
+ ::rb_define_virtual_variable(q, w, e);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+inline void
+rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *q, type *w, std::nullptr_t e)
+{
+ rb_gvar_getter_t *r = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_getter_t *>(w);
+ ::rb_define_virtual_variable(q, r, e);
+}
+
+inline void
+rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *q, std::nullptr_t w, rb_gvar_setter_t *e)
+{
+ ::rb_define_virtual_variable(q, w, e);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+inline void
+rb_define_virtual_variable(const char *q, std::nullptr_t w, void_type *e)
+{
+ rb_gvar_setter_t *r = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_setter_t *>(e);
+ ::rb_define_virtual_variable(q, w, r);
+}
+#endif
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Define a function-backended global variable.
+/// @param[in] q Name of the variable.
+/// @param[in] w Variable storage.
+/// @param[in] e Getter function.
+/// @param[in] r Setter function.
+/// @note Both functions can be nullptr.
+/// @see rb_define_virtual_variable()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline void
+rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *q, VALUE *w, type *e, void_type *r)
+{
+ rb_gvar_getter_t *t = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_getter_t*>(e);
+ rb_gvar_setter_t *y = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_setter_t*>(r);
+ ::rb_define_hooked_variable(q, w, t, y);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+inline void
+rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *q, VALUE *w, rb_gvar_getter_t *e, void_type *r)
+{
+ rb_gvar_setter_t *y = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_setter_t*>(r);
+ ::rb_define_hooked_variable(q, w, e, y);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+inline void
+rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *q, VALUE *w, type *e, rb_gvar_setter_t *r)
+{
+ rb_gvar_getter_t *t = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_getter_t*>(e);
+ ::rb_define_hooked_variable(q, w, t, r);
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NULLPTR
+inline void
+rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *q, VALUE *w, rb_gvar_getter_t *e, std::nullptr_t r)
+{
+ ::rb_define_hooked_variable(q, w, e, r);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+inline void
+rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *q, VALUE *w, type *e, std::nullptr_t r)
+{
+ rb_gvar_getter_t *y = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_getter_t *>(e);
+ ::rb_define_hooked_variable(q, w, y, r);
+}
+
+inline void
+rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *q, VALUE *w, std::nullptr_t e, rb_gvar_setter_t *r)
+{
+ ::rb_define_hooked_variable(q, w, e, r);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+inline void
+rb_define_hooked_variable(const char *q, VALUE *w, std::nullptr_t e, void_type *r)
+{
+ rb_gvar_setter_t *y = reinterpret_cast<rb_gvar_setter_t *>(r);
+ ::rb_define_hooked_variable(q, w, e, y);
+}
+#endif
+
+/// @}
+/// @name Exceptions and tag jumps
+/// @{
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Old way to implement iterators.
+/// @param[in] q A function that can yield.
+/// @param[in] w Passed to `q`.
+/// @param[in] e What is to be yielded.
+/// @param[in] r Passed to `e`.
+/// @return The return value of `q`.
+/// @note `e` can be nullptr.
+/// @deprecated This function is obsolated since long before 2.x era. Do not
+/// use it any longer. rb_block_call() is provided instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_iterate(onearg_type *q, VALUE w, type *e, VALUE r)
+{
+ rb_block_call_func_t t = reinterpret_cast<rb_block_call_func_t>(e);
+ return ::rb_iterate(q, w, t, r);
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NULLPTR
+inline VALUE
+rb_iterate(onearg_type *q, VALUE w, std::nullptr_t e, VALUE r)
+{
+ return ::rb_iterate(q, w, e, r);
+}
+#endif
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Call a method with a block.
+/// @param[in] q The self.
+/// @param[in] w The method.
+/// @param[in] e The # of elems of `r`
+/// @param[in] r The arguments.
+/// @param[in] t What is to be yielded.
+/// @param[in] y Passed to `t`
+/// @return Return value of `q#w(*r,&t)`
+/// @note 't' can be nullptr.
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_block_call(VALUE q, ID w, int e, const VALUE *r, type *t, VALUE y)
+{
+ rb_block_call_func_t u = reinterpret_cast<rb_block_call_func_t>(t);
+ return ::rb_block_call(q, w, e, r, u, y);
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NULLPTR
+inline VALUE
+rb_block_call(VALUE q, ID w, int e, const VALUE *r, std::nullptr_t t, VALUE y)
+{
+ return ::rb_block_call(q, w, e, r, t, y);
+}
+#endif
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief An equivalent of `rescue` clause.
+/// @param[in] q A function that can raise.
+/// @param[in] w Passed to `q`.
+/// @param[in] e A function that cleans-up.
+/// @param[in] r Passed to `e`.
+/// @return The return value of `q` if no exception occurs, or the return
+/// value of `e` if otherwise.
+/// @note `e` can be nullptr.
+/// @see rb_ensure()
+/// @see rb_rescue2()
+/// @see rb_protect()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_rescue(type *q, VALUE w, type *e, VALUE r)
+{
+ typedef VALUE func1_t(VALUE);
+ typedef VALUE func2_t(VALUE, VALUE);
+ func1_t *t = reinterpret_cast<func1_t*>(q);
+ func2_t *y = reinterpret_cast<func2_t*>(e);
+ return ::rb_rescue(t, w, y, r);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief An equivalent of `rescue` clause.
+/// @param[in] q A function that can raise.
+/// @param[in] w Passed to `q`.
+/// @param[in] e A function that cleans-up.
+/// @param[in] r Passed to `e`.
+/// @param[in] ... 0-terminated list of subclass of @ref rb_eException.
+/// @return The return value of `q` if no exception occurs, or the return
+/// value of `e` if otherwise.
+/// @note `e` can be nullptr.
+/// @see rb_ensure()
+/// @see rb_rescue()
+/// @see rb_protect()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_rescue2(type *q, VALUE w, type *e, VALUE r, ...)
+{
+ typedef VALUE func1_t(VALUE);
+ typedef VALUE func2_t(VALUE, VALUE);
+ func1_t *t = reinterpret_cast<func1_t*>(q);
+ func2_t *y = reinterpret_cast<func2_t*>(e);
+ va_list ap;
+ va_start(ap, r);
+ VALUE ret = ::rb_vrescue2(t, w, y, r, ap);
+ va_end(ap);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief An equivalent of `ensure` clause.
+/// @param[in] q A function that can raise.
+/// @param[in] w Passed to `q`.
+/// @param[in] e A function that ensures.
+/// @param[in] r Passed to `e`.
+/// @return The return value of `q`.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to `e`.
+/// @see rb_rescue()
+/// @see rb_rescue2()
+/// @see rb_protect()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_ensure(type *q, VALUE w, type *e, VALUE r)
+{
+ typedef VALUE func1_t(VALUE);
+ func1_t *t = reinterpret_cast<func1_t*>(q);
+ func1_t *y = reinterpret_cast<func1_t*>(e);
+ return ::rb_ensure(t, w, y, r);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief An equivalent of `Kernel#catch`.
+/// @param[in] q The "tag" string.
+/// @param[in] w A function that can throw.
+/// @param[in] e Passed to `w`.
+/// @return What was thrown.
+/// @note `q` can be a nullptr but makes no sense to pass nullptr to`w`.
+/// @see rb_block_call()
+/// @see rb_protect()
+/// @see rb_rb_catch_obj()
+/// @see rb_rescue()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_catch(const char *q, type *w, VALUE e)
+{
+ rb_block_call_func_t r = reinterpret_cast<rb_block_call_func_t>(w);
+ return ::rb_catch(q, r, e);
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NULLPTR
+inline VALUE
+rb_catch(const char *q, std::nullptr_t w, VALUE e)
+{
+ return ::rb_catch(q, w, e);
+}
+#endif
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief An equivalent of `Kernel#catch`.
+/// @param[in] q The "tag" object.
+/// @param[in] w A function that can throw.
+/// @param[in] e Passed to `w`.
+/// @return What was thrown.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`w`.
+/// @see rb_block_call()
+/// @see rb_protect()
+/// @see rb_rb_catch_obj()
+/// @see rb_rescue()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_catch_obj(VALUE q, type *w, VALUE e)
+{
+ rb_block_call_func_t r = reinterpret_cast<rb_block_call_func_t>(w);
+ return ::rb_catch_obj(q, r, e);
+}
+
+/// @}
+/// @name Procs, Fibers and Threads
+/// @{
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Creates a @ref rb_cFiber instance.
+/// @param[in] q The fiber body.
+/// @param[in] w Passed to `q`.
+/// @return What was allocated.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`q`.
+/// @see rb_proc_new()
+/// @see rb_thread_creatr()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_fiber_new(type *q, VALUE w)
+{
+ rb_block_call_func_t e = reinterpret_cast<rb_block_call_func_t>(q);
+ return ::rb_fiber_new(e, w);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Creates a @ref rb_cProc instance.
+/// @param[in] q The proc body.
+/// @param[in] w Passed to `q`.
+/// @return What was allocated.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`q`.
+/// @see rb_fiber_new()
+/// @see rb_thread_creatr()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_proc_new(type *q, VALUE w)
+{
+ rb_block_call_func_t e = reinterpret_cast<rb_block_call_func_t>(q);
+ return ::rb_proc_new(e, w);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Creates a @ref rb_cThread instance.
+/// @param[in] q The thread body.
+/// @param[in] w Passed to `q`.
+/// @return What was allocated.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`q`.
+/// @see rb_proc_new()
+/// @see rb_fiber_new()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline VALUE
+rb_thread_create(type *q, void *w)
+{
+ typedef VALUE ptr_t(void*);
+ ptr_t *e = reinterpret_cast<ptr_t*>(q);
+ return ::rb_thread_create(e, w);
+}
+
+/// @}
+/// @name Hash and st_table
+/// @{
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Iteration over the given table.
+/// @param[in] q A table to scan.
+/// @param[in] w A function to iterate.
+/// @param[in] e Passed to `w`.
+/// @retval 0 Always returns 0.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`w`.
+/// @see st_foreach_check()
+/// @see rb_hash_foreach()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline int
+st_foreach(st_table *q, int_type *w, st_data_t e)
+{
+ st_foreach_callback_func *r =
+ reinterpret_cast<st_foreach_callback_func*>(w);
+ return ::st_foreach(q, r, e);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Iteration over the given table.
+/// @param[in] q A table to scan.
+/// @param[in] w A function to iterate.
+/// @param[in] e Passed to `w`.
+/// @retval 0 Successful end of iteration.
+/// @retval 1 Element removed during traversing.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`w`.
+/// @see st_foreach()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline int
+st_foreach_check(st_table *q, int_type *w, st_data_t e, st_data_t)
+{
+ st_foreach_check_callback_func *t =
+ reinterpret_cast<st_foreach_check_callback_func*>(w);
+ return ::st_foreach_check(q, t, e, 0);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Iteration over the given table.
+/// @param[in] q A table to scan.
+/// @param[in] w A function to iterate.
+/// @param[in] e Passed to `w`.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`w`.
+/// @see st_foreach_check()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline void
+st_foreach_safe(st_table *q, int_type *w, st_data_t e)
+{
+ st_foreach_callback_func *r =
+ reinterpret_cast<st_foreach_callback_func*>(w);
+ ::st_foreach_safe(q, r, e);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Iteration over the given hash.
+/// @param[in] q A hash to scan.
+/// @param[in] w A function to iterate.
+/// @param[in] e Passed to `w`.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`w`.
+/// @see st_foreach()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline void
+rb_hash_foreach(VALUE q, int_type *w, VALUE e)
+{
+ st_foreach_callback_func *r =
+ reinterpret_cast<st_foreach_callback_func*>(w);
+ ::rb_hash_foreach(q, r, e);
+}
+
+RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("Use of ANYARGS in this function is deprecated")
+/// @brief Iteration over each instance variable of the object.
+/// @param[in] q An object.
+/// @param[in] w A function to iterate.
+/// @param[in] e Passed to `w`.
+/// @note It makes no sense to pass nullptr to`w`.
+/// @see st_foreach()
+/// @deprecated Use glanular typed overload instead.
+inline void
+rb_ivar_foreach(VALUE q, int_type *w, VALUE e)
+{
+ st_foreach_callback_func *r =
+ reinterpret_cast<st_foreach_callback_func*>(w);
+ ::rb_ivar_foreach(q, r, e);
+}
+
+/// @}
+
+/// Driver for *_define_method. ::rb_define_method function for instance takes
+/// a pointer to ANYARGS-ed functions, which in fact varies 18 different
+/// prototypes. We still need to preserve ANYARGS for storages but why not
+/// check the consistencies if possible. In C++ a function has its own
+/// prototype, which is a compile-time constant (static type) by nature. We
+/// can list up all the possible input types and provide warnings for other
+/// cases. This is such attempt.
+namespace define_method {
+
+/// Type of ::rb_f_notimplement().
+typedef VALUE notimpl_type(int, const VALUE *, VALUE, VALUE);
+
+/// @brief Template metaprogramming to generate function prototypes.
+/// @tparam T Type of method id (`ID` or `const char*` in practice).
+/// @tparam F Definition driver e.g. ::rb_define_method.
+template<typename T, void (*F)(VALUE klass, T mid, type *func, int arity)>
+struct driver {
+
+ /// @brief Defines a method
+ /// @tparam N Arity of the function.
+ /// @tparam U The function in question
+ template<int N, typename U>
+ struct engine {
+
+ /* :TODO: Following deprecation attribute renders tons of warnings (one
+ * per every method definitions), which is annoying. Of course
+ * annoyance is the core feature of deprecation warnings... But that
+ * could be too much, especially when the warnings happen inside of
+ * machine-generated programs. And SWIG is known to do such thing.
+ * The new (granular) API was introduced in API version 2.7. As of
+ * this writing the version is 2.8. Let's warn this later, some time
+ * during 3.x. Hopefully codes in old (ANYARGS-ed) format should be
+ * less than now. */
+#if (RUBY_API_VERSION_MAJOR * 100 + RUBY_API_VERSION_MINOR) >= 301
+ RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("use of ANYARGS is deprecated")
+#endif
+ /// @copydoc define(VALUE klass, T mid, U func)
+ /// @deprecated Pass corrctly typed function instead.
+ static inline void
+ define(VALUE klass, T mid, type func)
+ {
+ F(klass, mid, func, N);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief Defines klass#mid as func, whose arity is N.
+ /// @param[in] klass Where the method lives.
+ /// @param[in] mid Name of the method to define.
+ /// @param[in] func Function that implements klass#mid.
+ static inline void
+ define(VALUE klass, T mid, U func)
+ {
+ F(klass, mid, reinterpret_cast<type *>(func), N);
+ }
+
+ /// @copydoc define(VALUE klass, T mid, U func)
+ static inline void
+ define(VALUE klass, T mid, notimpl_type func)
+ {
+ F(klass, mid, reinterpret_cast<type *>(func), N);
+ }
+ };
+
+ /// @cond INTERNAL_MACRO
+ template<int N, bool = false> struct specific : public engine<N, type *> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<15, b> : public engine<15, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<14, b> : public engine<14, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<13, b> : public engine<13, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<12, b> : public engine<12, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<11, b> : public engine<11, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<10, b> : public engine<10, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 9, b> : public engine< 9, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 8, b> : public engine< 8, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 7, b> : public engine< 7, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 6, b> : public engine< 6, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 5, b> : public engine< 5, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 4, b> : public engine< 4, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 3, b> : public engine< 3, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 2, b> : public engine< 2, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 1, b> : public engine< 1, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 0, b> : public engine< 0, VALUE(*)(VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<-1, b> : public engine<-1, VALUE(*)(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)> {
+ using engine<-1, VALUE(*)(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)>::define;
+ static inline void define(VALUE c, T m, VALUE(*f)(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE self)) { F(c, m, reinterpret_cast<type *>(f), -1); }
+ };
+ template<bool b> struct specific<-2, b> : public engine<-2, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ /// @endcond
+};
+
+/* We could perhaps merge this struct into the one above using variadic
+ * template parameters if we could assume C++11, but sadly we cannot. */
+template<typename T, void (*F)(T mid, type func, int arity)>
+struct driver0 {
+ template<int N, typename U>
+ struct engine {
+ RUBY_CXX_DEPRECATED("use of ANYARGS is deprecated")
+ static inline void
+ define(T mid, type func)
+ {
+ F(mid, func, N);
+ }
+ static inline void
+ define(T mid, U func)
+ {
+ F(mid, reinterpret_cast<type *>(func), N);
+ }
+ static inline void
+ define(T mid, notimpl_type func)
+ {
+ F(mid, reinterpret_cast<type *>(func), N);
+ }
+ };
+ /// @cond INTERNAL_MACRO
+ template<int N, bool = false> struct specific : public engine<N, type *> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<15, b> : public engine<15, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<14, b> : public engine<14, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<13, b> : public engine<13, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<12, b> : public engine<12, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<11, b> : public engine<11, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<10, b> : public engine<10, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 9, b> : public engine< 9, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 8, b> : public engine< 8, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 7, b> : public engine< 7, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 6, b> : public engine< 6, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 5, b> : public engine< 5, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 4, b> : public engine< 4, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 3, b> : public engine< 3, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 2, b> : public engine< 2, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 1, b> : public engine< 1, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific< 0, b> : public engine< 0, VALUE(*)(VALUE)> {};
+ template<bool b> struct specific<-1, b> : public engine<-1, VALUE(*)(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)> {
+ using engine<-1, VALUE(*)(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)>::define;
+ static inline void define(T m, VALUE(*f)(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE self)) { F(m, reinterpret_cast<type *>(f), -1); }
+ };
+ template<bool b> struct specific<-2, b> : public engine<-2, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE)> {};
+ /// @endcond
+};
+
+struct rb_define_method : public driver <const char *, ::rb_define_method> {}; ///< Dispatches appropriate driver for ::rb_define_method.
+struct rb_define_method_id : public driver <ID, ::rb_define_method_id> {}; ///< Dispatches appropriate driver for ::rb_define_method_id.
+struct rb_define_private_method : public driver <const char *, ::rb_define_private_method> {}; ///< Dispatches appropriate driver for ::rb_define_private_method.
+struct rb_define_protected_method : public driver <const char *, ::rb_define_protected_method> {}; ///< Dispatches appropriate driver for ::rb_define_protected_method.
+struct rb_define_singleton_method : public driver <const char *, ::rb_define_singleton_method> {}; ///< Dispatches appropriate driver for ::rb_define_singleton_method.
+struct rb_define_module_function : public driver <const char *, ::rb_define_module_function> {}; ///< Dispatches appropriate driver for ::rb_define_module_function.
+struct rb_define_global_function : public driver0<const char *, ::rb_define_global_function> {}; ///< Dispatches appropriate driver for ::rb_define_global_function.
+
+/// @brief Defines klass\#mid.
+/// @param klass Where the method lives.
+/// @copydetails #rb_define_global_function(mid, func, arity)
+#define rb_define_method(klass, mid, func, arity) ruby::backward::cxxanyargs::define_method::rb_define_method::specific<arity>::define(klass, mid, func)
+
+/// @copydoc #rb_define_method(klass, mid, func, arity)
+#define rb_define_method_id(klass, mid, func, arity) ruby::backward::cxxanyargs::define_method::rb_define_method_id::specific<arity>::define(klass, mid, func)
+
+/// @brief Defines klass\#mid and makes it private.
+/// @copydetails #rb_define_method(klass, mid, func, arity)
+#define rb_define_private_method(klass, mid, func, arity) ruby::backward::cxxanyargs::define_method::rb_define_private_method::specific<arity>::define(klass, mid, func)
+
+/// @brief Defines klass\#mid and makes it protected.
+/// @copydetails #rb_define_method
+#define rb_define_protected_method(klass, mid, func, arity) ruby::backward::cxxanyargs::define_method::rb_define_protected_method::specific<arity>::define(klass, mid, func)
+
+/// @brief Defines klass.mid.(klass, mid, func, arity)
+/// @copydetails #rb_define_method
+#define rb_define_singleton_method(klass, mid, func, arity) ruby::backward::cxxanyargs::define_method::rb_define_singleton_method::specific<arity>::define(klass, mid, func)
+
+/// @brief Defines klass\#mid and makes it a module function.
+/// @copydetails #rb_define_method(klass, mid, func, arity)
+#define rb_define_module_function(klass, mid, func, arity) ruby::backward::cxxanyargs::define_method::rb_define_module_function::specific<arity>::define(klass, mid, func)
+
+/// @brief Defines ::rb_mKernel \#mid.
+/// @param mid Name of the defining method.
+/// @param func Implementation of \#mid.
+/// @param arity Arity of \#mid.
+#define rb_define_global_function(mid, func, arity) ruby::backward::cxxanyargs::define_method::rb_define_global_function::specific<arity>::define(mid, func)
+
+}}}}}
+
+using namespace ruby::backward::cxxanyargs;
+#endif // RUBY_BACKWARD_CXXANYARGS_HPP
diff --git a/include/ruby/debug.h b/include/ruby/debug.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16891e8458
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/debug.h
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#ifndef RB_DEBUG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RB_DEBUG_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author: ko1 $
+ * @date Tue Nov 20 20:35:08 2012
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2012 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/event.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* Note: This file contains experimental APIs. */
+/* APIs can be replaced at Ruby 2.0.1 or later */
+
+
+/* profile frames APIs */
+int rb_profile_frames(int start, int limit, VALUE *buff, int *lines);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_path(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_absolute_path(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_label(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_base_label(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_full_label(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_first_lineno(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_classpath(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_singleton_method_p(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_method_name(VALUE frame);
+VALUE rb_profile_frame_qualified_method_name(VALUE frame);
+
+/* debug inspector APIs */
+typedef struct rb_debug_inspector_struct rb_debug_inspector_t;
+typedef VALUE (*rb_debug_inspector_func_t)(const rb_debug_inspector_t *, void *);
+
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_open(rb_debug_inspector_func_t func, void *data);
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_frame_self_get(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc, long index);
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_frame_class_get(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc, long index);
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_frame_binding_get(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc, long index);
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_frame_iseq_get(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc, long index);
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_backtrace_locations(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc);
+
+/* Old style set_trace_func APIs */
+
+/* duplicated def of include/ruby/ruby.h */
+void rb_add_event_hook(rb_event_hook_func_t func, rb_event_flag_t events, VALUE data);
+int rb_remove_event_hook(rb_event_hook_func_t func);
+
+int rb_remove_event_hook_with_data(rb_event_hook_func_t func, VALUE data);
+void rb_thread_add_event_hook(VALUE thval, rb_event_hook_func_t func, rb_event_flag_t events, VALUE data);
+int rb_thread_remove_event_hook(VALUE thval, rb_event_hook_func_t func);
+int rb_thread_remove_event_hook_with_data(VALUE thval, rb_event_hook_func_t func, VALUE data);
+
+/* TracePoint APIs */
+
+VALUE rb_tracepoint_new(VALUE target_thread_not_supported_yet, rb_event_flag_t events, void (*func)(VALUE, void *), void *data);
+VALUE rb_tracepoint_enable(VALUE tpval);
+VALUE rb_tracepoint_disable(VALUE tpval);
+VALUE rb_tracepoint_enabled_p(VALUE tpval);
+
+typedef struct rb_trace_arg_struct rb_trace_arg_t;
+rb_trace_arg_t *rb_tracearg_from_tracepoint(VALUE tpval);
+
+rb_event_flag_t rb_tracearg_event_flag(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_event(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_lineno(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_path(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_method_id(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_callee_id(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_defined_class(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_binding(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_self(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_return_value(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_raised_exception(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+VALUE rb_tracearg_object(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
+
+/*
+ * Postponed Job API
+ * rb_postponed_job_register and rb_postponed_job_register_one are
+ * async-signal-safe and used via SIGPROF by the "stackprof" RubyGem
+ */
+typedef void (*rb_postponed_job_func_t)(void *arg);
+int rb_postponed_job_register(unsigned int flags, rb_postponed_job_func_t func, void *data);
+int rb_postponed_job_register_one(unsigned int flags, rb_postponed_job_func_t func, void *data);
+
+/* undocumented advanced tracing APIs */
+
+typedef enum {
+ RUBY_EVENT_HOOK_FLAG_SAFE = 0x01,
+ RUBY_EVENT_HOOK_FLAG_DELETED = 0x02,
+ RUBY_EVENT_HOOK_FLAG_RAW_ARG = 0x04
+} rb_event_hook_flag_t;
+
+void rb_add_event_hook2(rb_event_hook_func_t func, rb_event_flag_t events, VALUE data, rb_event_hook_flag_t hook_flag);
+void rb_thread_add_event_hook2(VALUE thval, rb_event_hook_func_t func, rb_event_flag_t events, VALUE data, rb_event_hook_flag_t hook_flag);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_DEBUG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/defines.h b/include/ruby/defines.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d632a69fc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/defines.h
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_DEFINES_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_DEFINES_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Wed May 18 00:21:44 JST 1994
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+/* AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT */
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
+# include <sys/types.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
+# include <sys/stat.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stdlib.h>
+# include <stddef.h>
+#else
+# ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
+# include <stdlib.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
+# if !defined STDC_HEADERS && defined HAVE_MEMORY_H
+# include <memory.h>
+# endif
+# include <string.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
+# include <strings.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
+# include <inttypes.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
+# include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDALIGN_H
+# include <stdalign.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
+# include <sys/select.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RUBY_USE_SETJMPEX
+# include <setjmpex.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/xmalloc.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/attributes.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/bool.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dosish.h"
+#include "ruby/missing.h"
+
+#define RUBY
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+# define RB_GNUC_EXTENSION __extension__
+# define RB_GNUC_EXTENSION_BLOCK(x) __extension__ ({ x; })
+#else
+# define RB_GNUC_EXTENSION
+# define RB_GNUC_EXTENSION_BLOCK(x) (x)
+#endif
+
+/* :FIXME: Can someone tell us why is this macro defined here? @shyouhei
+ * thinks this is a truly internal macro but cannot move around because he
+ * doesn't understand the reason of this arrangement. */
+#ifndef RUBY_MBCHAR_MAXSIZE
+# define RUBY_MBCHAR_MAXSIZE INT_MAX
+# /* MB_CUR_MAX will not work well in C locale */
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__sparc)
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+void rb_sparc_flush_register_windows(void);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+# define FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS rb_sparc_flush_register_windows()
+#else
+# define FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS ((void)0)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_DEFINES_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/encoding.h b/include/ruby/encoding.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..07e6c9a671
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/encoding.h
@@ -0,0 +1,413 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_ENCODING_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_ENCODING_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author: matz $
+ * @date Thu May 24 11:49:41 JST 2007
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include "ruby/ruby.h"
+#include "ruby/oniguruma.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+enum ruby_encoding_consts {
+ RUBY_ENCODING_INLINE_MAX = 127,
+ RUBY_ENCODING_SHIFT = (RUBY_FL_USHIFT+10),
+ RUBY_ENCODING_MASK = (RUBY_ENCODING_INLINE_MAX<<RUBY_ENCODING_SHIFT
+ /* RUBY_FL_USER10..RUBY_FL_USER16 */),
+ RUBY_ENCODING_MAXNAMELEN = 42
+};
+
+#define ENCODING_INLINE_MAX RUBY_ENCODING_INLINE_MAX
+#define ENCODING_SHIFT RUBY_ENCODING_SHIFT
+#define ENCODING_MASK RUBY_ENCODING_MASK
+
+#define RB_ENCODING_SET_INLINED(obj,i) do {\
+ RBASIC(obj)->flags &= ~RUBY_ENCODING_MASK;\
+ RBASIC(obj)->flags |= (VALUE)(i) << RUBY_ENCODING_SHIFT;\
+} while (0)
+#define RB_ENCODING_SET(obj,i) rb_enc_set_index((obj), (i))
+
+#define RB_ENCODING_GET_INLINED(obj) \
+ (int)((RBASIC(obj)->flags & RUBY_ENCODING_MASK)>>RUBY_ENCODING_SHIFT)
+#define RB_ENCODING_GET(obj) \
+ (RB_ENCODING_GET_INLINED(obj) != RUBY_ENCODING_INLINE_MAX ? \
+ RB_ENCODING_GET_INLINED(obj) : \
+ rb_enc_get_index(obj))
+
+#define RB_ENCODING_IS_ASCII8BIT(obj) (RB_ENCODING_GET_INLINED(obj) == 0)
+
+#define ENCODING_SET_INLINED(obj,i) RB_ENCODING_SET_INLINED(obj,i)
+#define ENCODING_SET(obj,i) RB_ENCODING_SET(obj,i)
+#define ENCODING_GET_INLINED(obj) RB_ENCODING_GET_INLINED(obj)
+#define ENCODING_GET(obj) RB_ENCODING_GET(obj)
+#define ENCODING_IS_ASCII8BIT(obj) RB_ENCODING_IS_ASCII8BIT(obj)
+#define ENCODING_MAXNAMELEN RUBY_ENCODING_MAXNAMELEN
+
+enum ruby_coderange_type {
+ RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_UNKNOWN = 0,
+ RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT = ((int)RUBY_FL_USER8),
+ RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_VALID = ((int)RUBY_FL_USER9),
+ RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN = ((int)(RUBY_FL_USER8|RUBY_FL_USER9)),
+ RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_MASK = (RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT|
+ RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_VALID|
+ RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN)
+};
+
+static inline int
+rb_enc_coderange_clean_p(int cr)
+{
+ return (cr ^ (cr >> 1)) & RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT;
+}
+#define RB_ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAN_P(cr) rb_enc_coderange_clean_p(cr)
+#define RB_ENC_CODERANGE(obj) ((int)RBASIC(obj)->flags & RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_MASK)
+#define RB_ENC_CODERANGE_ASCIIONLY(obj) (RB_ENC_CODERANGE(obj) == RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT)
+#define RB_ENC_CODERANGE_SET(obj,cr) (\
+ RBASIC(obj)->flags = \
+ (RBASIC(obj)->flags & ~RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_MASK) | (cr))
+#define RB_ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAR(obj) RB_ENC_CODERANGE_SET((obj),0)
+
+/* assumed ASCII compatibility */
+#define RB_ENC_CODERANGE_AND(a, b) \
+ ((a) == RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT ? (b) : \
+ (a) != RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_VALID ? RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_UNKNOWN : \
+ (b) == RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT ? RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_VALID : (b))
+
+#define RB_ENCODING_CODERANGE_SET(obj, encindex, cr) \
+ do { \
+ VALUE rb_encoding_coderange_obj = (obj); \
+ RB_ENCODING_SET(rb_encoding_coderange_obj, (encindex)); \
+ RB_ENC_CODERANGE_SET(rb_encoding_coderange_obj, (cr)); \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_MASK RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_MASK
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_UNKNOWN RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_UNKNOWN
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_VALID RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_VALID
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN RUBY_ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAN_P(cr) RB_ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAN_P(cr)
+#define ENC_CODERANGE(obj) RB_ENC_CODERANGE(obj)
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_ASCIIONLY(obj) RB_ENC_CODERANGE_ASCIIONLY(obj)
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_SET(obj,cr) RB_ENC_CODERANGE_SET(obj,cr)
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAR(obj) RB_ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAR(obj)
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_AND(a, b) RB_ENC_CODERANGE_AND(a, b)
+#define ENCODING_CODERANGE_SET(obj, encindex, cr) RB_ENCODING_CODERANGE_SET(obj, encindex, cr)
+
+typedef const OnigEncodingType rb_encoding;
+
+int rb_char_to_option_kcode(int c, int *option, int *kcode);
+
+int rb_enc_replicate(const char *, rb_encoding *);
+int rb_define_dummy_encoding(const char *);
+PUREFUNC(int rb_enc_dummy_p(rb_encoding *enc));
+PUREFUNC(int rb_enc_to_index(rb_encoding *enc));
+int rb_enc_get_index(VALUE obj);
+void rb_enc_set_index(VALUE obj, int encindex);
+int rb_enc_capable(VALUE obj);
+int rb_enc_find_index(const char *name);
+int rb_enc_alias(const char *alias, const char *orig);
+int rb_to_encoding_index(VALUE);
+rb_encoding *rb_to_encoding(VALUE);
+rb_encoding *rb_find_encoding(VALUE);
+rb_encoding *rb_enc_get(VALUE);
+rb_encoding *rb_enc_compatible(VALUE,VALUE);
+rb_encoding *rb_enc_check(VALUE,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_enc_associate_index(VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_enc_associate(VALUE, rb_encoding*);
+void rb_enc_copy(VALUE dst, VALUE src);
+
+VALUE rb_enc_str_new(const char*, long, rb_encoding*);
+VALUE rb_enc_str_new_cstr(const char*, rb_encoding*);
+VALUE rb_enc_str_new_static(const char*, long, rb_encoding*);
+VALUE rb_enc_interned_str(const char *, long, rb_encoding *);
+VALUE rb_enc_interned_str_cstr(const char *, rb_encoding *);
+VALUE rb_enc_reg_new(const char*, long, rb_encoding*, int);
+PRINTF_ARGS(VALUE rb_enc_sprintf(rb_encoding *, const char*, ...), 2, 3);
+VALUE rb_enc_vsprintf(rb_encoding *, const char*, va_list);
+long rb_enc_strlen(const char*, const char*, rb_encoding*);
+char* rb_enc_nth(const char*, const char*, long, rb_encoding*);
+VALUE rb_obj_encoding(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_enc_str_buf_cat(VALUE str, const char *ptr, long len, rb_encoding *enc);
+VALUE rb_enc_uint_chr(unsigned int code, rb_encoding *enc);
+
+VALUE rb_external_str_new_with_enc(const char *ptr, long len, rb_encoding *);
+VALUE rb_str_export_to_enc(VALUE, rb_encoding *);
+VALUE rb_str_conv_enc(VALUE str, rb_encoding *from, rb_encoding *to);
+VALUE rb_str_conv_enc_opts(VALUE str, rb_encoding *from, rb_encoding *to, int ecflags, VALUE ecopts);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P
+#define rb_enc_str_new(str, len, enc) RB_GNUC_EXTENSION_BLOCK( \
+ (__builtin_constant_p(str) && __builtin_constant_p(len)) ? \
+ rb_enc_str_new_static((str), (len), (enc)) : \
+ rb_enc_str_new((str), (len), (enc)) \
+)
+#define rb_enc_str_new_cstr(str, enc) RB_GNUC_EXTENSION_BLOCK( \
+ (__builtin_constant_p(str)) ? \
+ rb_enc_str_new_static((str), (long)strlen(str), (enc)) : \
+ rb_enc_str_new_cstr((str), (enc)) \
+)
+#endif
+
+PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_enc_raise(rb_encoding *, VALUE, const char*, ...)), 3, 4);
+
+/* index -> rb_encoding */
+rb_encoding *rb_enc_from_index(int idx);
+
+/* name -> rb_encoding */
+rb_encoding *rb_enc_find(const char *name);
+
+/* rb_encoding * -> name */
+#define rb_enc_name(enc) (enc)->name
+
+/* rb_encoding * -> minlen/maxlen */
+#define rb_enc_mbminlen(enc) (enc)->min_enc_len
+#define rb_enc_mbmaxlen(enc) (enc)->max_enc_len
+
+/* -> mbclen (no error notification: 0 < ret <= e-p, no exception) */
+int rb_enc_mbclen(const char *p, const char *e, rb_encoding *enc);
+
+/* -> mbclen (only for valid encoding) */
+int rb_enc_fast_mbclen(const char *p, const char *e, rb_encoding *enc);
+
+/* -> chlen, invalid or needmore */
+int rb_enc_precise_mbclen(const char *p, const char *e, rb_encoding *enc);
+#define MBCLEN_CHARFOUND_P(ret) ONIGENC_MBCLEN_CHARFOUND_P(ret)
+#define MBCLEN_CHARFOUND_LEN(ret) ONIGENC_MBCLEN_CHARFOUND_LEN(ret)
+#define MBCLEN_INVALID_P(ret) ONIGENC_MBCLEN_INVALID_P(ret)
+#define MBCLEN_NEEDMORE_P(ret) ONIGENC_MBCLEN_NEEDMORE_P(ret)
+#define MBCLEN_NEEDMORE_LEN(ret) ONIGENC_MBCLEN_NEEDMORE_LEN(ret)
+
+/* -> 0x00..0x7f, -1 */
+int rb_enc_ascget(const char *p, const char *e, int *len, rb_encoding *enc);
+
+
+/* -> code (and len) or raise exception */
+unsigned int rb_enc_codepoint_len(const char *p, const char *e, int *len, rb_encoding *enc);
+
+/* prototype for obsolete function */
+unsigned int rb_enc_codepoint(const char *p, const char *e, rb_encoding *enc);
+/* overriding macro */
+#define rb_enc_codepoint(p,e,enc) rb_enc_codepoint_len((p),(e),0,(enc))
+#define rb_enc_mbc_to_codepoint(p, e, enc) ONIGENC_MBC_TO_CODE((enc),(UChar*)(p),(UChar*)(e))
+
+/* -> codelen>0 or raise exception */
+int rb_enc_codelen(int code, rb_encoding *enc);
+/* -> 0 for invalid codepoint */
+int rb_enc_code_to_mbclen(int code, rb_encoding *enc);
+#define rb_enc_code_to_mbclen(c, enc) ONIGENC_CODE_TO_MBCLEN((enc), (c));
+
+/* code,ptr,encoding -> write buf */
+#define rb_enc_mbcput(c,buf,enc) ONIGENC_CODE_TO_MBC((enc),(c),(UChar*)(buf))
+
+/* start, ptr, end, encoding -> prev_char */
+#define rb_enc_prev_char(s,p,e,enc) ((char *)onigenc_get_prev_char_head((enc),(UChar*)(s),(UChar*)(p),(UChar*)(e)))
+/* start, ptr, end, encoding -> next_char */
+#define rb_enc_left_char_head(s,p,e,enc) ((char *)onigenc_get_left_adjust_char_head((enc),(UChar*)(s),(UChar*)(p),(UChar*)(e)))
+#define rb_enc_right_char_head(s,p,e,enc) ((char *)onigenc_get_right_adjust_char_head((enc),(UChar*)(s),(UChar*)(p),(UChar*)(e)))
+#define rb_enc_step_back(s,p,e,n,enc) ((char *)onigenc_step_back((enc),(UChar*)(s),(UChar*)(p),(UChar*)(e),(int)(n)))
+
+/* ptr, ptr, encoding -> newline_or_not */
+#define rb_enc_is_newline(p,end,enc) ONIGENC_IS_MBC_NEWLINE((enc),(UChar*)(p),(UChar*)(end))
+
+#define rb_enc_isctype(c,t,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE((enc),(c),(t))
+#define rb_enc_isascii(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_ASCII(c)
+#define rb_enc_isalpha(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_ALPHA((enc),(c))
+#define rb_enc_islower(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_LOWER((enc),(c))
+#define rb_enc_isupper(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_UPPER((enc),(c))
+#define rb_enc_ispunct(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_PUNCT((enc),(c))
+#define rb_enc_isalnum(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_ALNUM((enc),(c))
+#define rb_enc_isprint(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_PRINT((enc),(c))
+#define rb_enc_isspace(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_SPACE((enc),(c))
+#define rb_enc_isdigit(c,enc) ONIGENC_IS_CODE_DIGIT((enc),(c))
+
+static inline int
+rb_enc_asciicompat_inline(rb_encoding *enc)
+{
+ return rb_enc_mbminlen(enc)==1 && !rb_enc_dummy_p(enc);
+}
+#define rb_enc_asciicompat(enc) rb_enc_asciicompat_inline(enc)
+
+int rb_enc_casefold(char *to, const char *p, const char *e, rb_encoding *enc);
+CONSTFUNC(int rb_enc_toupper(int c, rb_encoding *enc));
+CONSTFUNC(int rb_enc_tolower(int c, rb_encoding *enc));
+ID rb_intern3(const char*, long, rb_encoding*);
+ID rb_interned_id_p(const char *, long, rb_encoding *);
+int rb_enc_symname_p(const char*, rb_encoding*);
+int rb_enc_symname2_p(const char*, long, rb_encoding*);
+int rb_enc_str_coderange(VALUE);
+long rb_str_coderange_scan_restartable(const char*, const char*, rb_encoding*, int*);
+int rb_enc_str_asciionly_p(VALUE);
+#define rb_enc_str_asciicompat_p(str) rb_enc_asciicompat(rb_enc_get(str))
+VALUE rb_enc_from_encoding(rb_encoding *enc);
+PUREFUNC(int rb_enc_unicode_p(rb_encoding *enc));
+rb_encoding *rb_ascii8bit_encoding(void);
+rb_encoding *rb_utf8_encoding(void);
+rb_encoding *rb_usascii_encoding(void);
+rb_encoding *rb_locale_encoding(void);
+rb_encoding *rb_filesystem_encoding(void);
+rb_encoding *rb_default_external_encoding(void);
+rb_encoding *rb_default_internal_encoding(void);
+#ifndef rb_ascii8bit_encindex
+CONSTFUNC(int rb_ascii8bit_encindex(void));
+#endif
+#ifndef rb_utf8_encindex
+CONSTFUNC(int rb_utf8_encindex(void));
+#endif
+#ifndef rb_usascii_encindex
+CONSTFUNC(int rb_usascii_encindex(void));
+#endif
+int rb_locale_encindex(void);
+int rb_filesystem_encindex(void);
+VALUE rb_enc_default_external(void);
+VALUE rb_enc_default_internal(void);
+void rb_enc_set_default_external(VALUE encoding);
+void rb_enc_set_default_internal(VALUE encoding);
+VALUE rb_locale_charmap(VALUE klass);
+long rb_memsearch(const void*,long,const void*,long,rb_encoding*);
+char *rb_enc_path_next(const char *,const char *,rb_encoding*);
+char *rb_enc_path_skip_prefix(const char *,const char *,rb_encoding*);
+char *rb_enc_path_last_separator(const char *,const char *,rb_encoding*);
+char *rb_enc_path_end(const char *,const char *,rb_encoding*);
+const char *ruby_enc_find_basename(const char *name, long *baselen, long *alllen, rb_encoding *enc);
+const char *ruby_enc_find_extname(const char *name, long *len, rb_encoding *enc);
+ID rb_check_id_cstr(const char *ptr, long len, rb_encoding *enc);
+VALUE rb_check_symbol_cstr(const char *ptr, long len, rb_encoding *enc);
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cEncoding;
+
+/* econv stuff */
+
+typedef enum {
+ econv_invalid_byte_sequence,
+ econv_undefined_conversion,
+ econv_destination_buffer_full,
+ econv_source_buffer_empty,
+ econv_finished,
+ econv_after_output,
+ econv_incomplete_input
+} rb_econv_result_t;
+
+typedef struct rb_econv_t rb_econv_t;
+
+VALUE rb_str_encode(VALUE str, VALUE to, int ecflags, VALUE ecopts);
+int rb_econv_has_convpath_p(const char* from_encoding, const char* to_encoding);
+
+int rb_econv_prepare_options(VALUE opthash, VALUE *ecopts, int ecflags);
+int rb_econv_prepare_opts(VALUE opthash, VALUE *ecopts);
+
+rb_econv_t *rb_econv_open(const char *source_encoding, const char *destination_encoding, int ecflags);
+rb_econv_t *rb_econv_open_opts(const char *source_encoding, const char *destination_encoding, int ecflags, VALUE ecopts);
+
+rb_econv_result_t rb_econv_convert(rb_econv_t *ec,
+ const unsigned char **source_buffer_ptr, const unsigned char *source_buffer_end,
+ unsigned char **destination_buffer_ptr, unsigned char *destination_buffer_end,
+ int flags);
+void rb_econv_close(rb_econv_t *ec);
+
+/* result: 0:success -1:failure */
+int rb_econv_set_replacement(rb_econv_t *ec, const unsigned char *str, size_t len, const char *encname);
+
+/* result: 0:success -1:failure */
+int rb_econv_decorate_at_first(rb_econv_t *ec, const char *decorator_name);
+int rb_econv_decorate_at_last(rb_econv_t *ec, const char *decorator_name);
+
+VALUE rb_econv_open_exc(const char *senc, const char *denc, int ecflags);
+
+/* result: 0:success -1:failure */
+int rb_econv_insert_output(rb_econv_t *ec,
+ const unsigned char *str, size_t len, const char *str_encoding);
+
+/* encoding that rb_econv_insert_output doesn't need conversion */
+const char *rb_econv_encoding_to_insert_output(rb_econv_t *ec);
+
+/* raise an error if the last rb_econv_convert is error */
+void rb_econv_check_error(rb_econv_t *ec);
+
+/* returns an exception object or nil */
+VALUE rb_econv_make_exception(rb_econv_t *ec);
+
+int rb_econv_putbackable(rb_econv_t *ec);
+void rb_econv_putback(rb_econv_t *ec, unsigned char *p, int n);
+
+/* returns the corresponding ASCII compatible encoding for encname,
+ * or NULL if encname is not ASCII incompatible encoding. */
+const char *rb_econv_asciicompat_encoding(const char *encname);
+
+VALUE rb_econv_str_convert(rb_econv_t *ec, VALUE src, int flags);
+VALUE rb_econv_substr_convert(rb_econv_t *ec, VALUE src, long byteoff, long bytesize, int flags);
+VALUE rb_econv_str_append(rb_econv_t *ec, VALUE src, VALUE dst, int flags);
+VALUE rb_econv_substr_append(rb_econv_t *ec, VALUE src, long byteoff, long bytesize, VALUE dst, int flags);
+VALUE rb_econv_append(rb_econv_t *ec, const char *bytesrc, long bytesize, VALUE dst, int flags);
+
+void rb_econv_binmode(rb_econv_t *ec);
+
+enum ruby_econv_flag_type {
+/* flags for rb_econv_open */
+ RUBY_ECONV_ERROR_HANDLER_MASK = 0x000000ff,
+
+ RUBY_ECONV_INVALID_MASK = 0x0000000f,
+ RUBY_ECONV_INVALID_REPLACE = 0x00000002,
+
+ RUBY_ECONV_UNDEF_MASK = 0x000000f0,
+ RUBY_ECONV_UNDEF_REPLACE = 0x00000020,
+ RUBY_ECONV_UNDEF_HEX_CHARREF = 0x00000030,
+
+ RUBY_ECONV_DECORATOR_MASK = 0x0000ff00,
+ RUBY_ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_MASK = 0x00003f00,
+ RUBY_ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_READ_MASK = 0x00000f00,
+ RUBY_ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_WRITE_MASK = 0x00003000,
+
+ RUBY_ECONV_UNIVERSAL_NEWLINE_DECORATOR = 0x00000100,
+ RUBY_ECONV_CRLF_NEWLINE_DECORATOR = 0x00001000,
+ RUBY_ECONV_CR_NEWLINE_DECORATOR = 0x00002000,
+ RUBY_ECONV_XML_TEXT_DECORATOR = 0x00004000,
+ RUBY_ECONV_XML_ATTR_CONTENT_DECORATOR = 0x00008000,
+
+ RUBY_ECONV_STATEFUL_DECORATOR_MASK = 0x00f00000,
+ RUBY_ECONV_XML_ATTR_QUOTE_DECORATOR = 0x00100000,
+
+ RUBY_ECONV_DEFAULT_NEWLINE_DECORATOR =
+#if defined(RUBY_TEST_CRLF_ENVIRONMENT) || defined(_WIN32)
+ RUBY_ECONV_CRLF_NEWLINE_DECORATOR,
+#else
+ 0,
+#endif
+#define ECONV_ERROR_HANDLER_MASK RUBY_ECONV_ERROR_HANDLER_MASK
+#define ECONV_INVALID_MASK RUBY_ECONV_INVALID_MASK
+#define ECONV_INVALID_REPLACE RUBY_ECONV_INVALID_REPLACE
+#define ECONV_UNDEF_MASK RUBY_ECONV_UNDEF_MASK
+#define ECONV_UNDEF_REPLACE RUBY_ECONV_UNDEF_REPLACE
+#define ECONV_UNDEF_HEX_CHARREF RUBY_ECONV_UNDEF_HEX_CHARREF
+#define ECONV_DECORATOR_MASK RUBY_ECONV_DECORATOR_MASK
+#define ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_MASK RUBY_ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_MASK
+#define ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_READ_MASK RUBY_ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_READ_MASK
+#define ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_WRITE_MASK RUBY_ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_WRITE_MASK
+#define ECONV_UNIVERSAL_NEWLINE_DECORATOR RUBY_ECONV_UNIVERSAL_NEWLINE_DECORATOR
+#define ECONV_CRLF_NEWLINE_DECORATOR RUBY_ECONV_CRLF_NEWLINE_DECORATOR
+#define ECONV_CR_NEWLINE_DECORATOR RUBY_ECONV_CR_NEWLINE_DECORATOR
+#define ECONV_XML_TEXT_DECORATOR RUBY_ECONV_XML_TEXT_DECORATOR
+#define ECONV_XML_ATTR_CONTENT_DECORATOR RUBY_ECONV_XML_ATTR_CONTENT_DECORATOR
+#define ECONV_STATEFUL_DECORATOR_MASK RUBY_ECONV_STATEFUL_DECORATOR_MASK
+#define ECONV_XML_ATTR_QUOTE_DECORATOR RUBY_ECONV_XML_ATTR_QUOTE_DECORATOR
+#define ECONV_DEFAULT_NEWLINE_DECORATOR RUBY_ECONV_DEFAULT_NEWLINE_DECORATOR
+/* end of flags for rb_econv_open */
+
+/* flags for rb_econv_convert */
+ RUBY_ECONV_PARTIAL_INPUT = 0x00010000,
+ RUBY_ECONV_AFTER_OUTPUT = 0x00020000,
+#define ECONV_PARTIAL_INPUT RUBY_ECONV_PARTIAL_INPUT
+#define ECONV_AFTER_OUTPUT RUBY_ECONV_AFTER_OUTPUT
+/* end of flags for rb_econv_convert */
+RUBY_ECONV_FLAGS_PLACEHOLDER};
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_ENCODING_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/intern.h b/include/ruby/intern.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2480e2e703
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/intern.h
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_INTERN_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_INTERN_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Thu Jun 10 14:22:17 JST 1993
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2000 Network Applied Communication Laboratory, Inc.
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2000 Information-technology Promotion Agency, Japan
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/defines.h"
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+#include "ruby/st.h"
+
+/*
+ * Functions and variables that are used by more than one source file of
+ * the kernel.
+ */
+
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/array.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/class.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/compar.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/complex.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/cont.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/dir.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/enum.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/error.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/eval.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/file.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/gc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/hash.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/io.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/load.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/object.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/parse.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/proc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/process.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/random.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/range.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/rational.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/re.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/select.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/signal.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/string.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/struct.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/thread.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/time.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/variable.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/vm.h"
+
+#endif /* RUBY_INTERN_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/anyargs.h b/include/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f09a4e72e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ANYARGS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Function overloads to issue warnings around #ANYARGS.
+ *
+ * For instance ::rb_define_method takes a pointer to #ANYARGS -ed functions,
+ * which in fact varies 18 different prototypes. We still need to preserve
+ * #ANYARGS for storages but why not check the consistencies if possible. With
+ * those complex macro overlays defined in this header file, use of a function
+ * pointer gets checked against the corresponding arity argument.
+ *
+ * ### Q&A ###
+ *
+ * - Q: Where did the magic number "18" came from in the description above?
+ *
+ * - A: Count the case branch of `vm_method.c:call_cfunc_invoker_func()`. Note
+ * also that the 18 branches has lasted for at least 25 years. See also
+ * commit 200e0ee2fd3c1c006c528874a88f684447215524.
+ *
+ * - Q: What is this `__weakref__` thing?
+ *
+ * - A: That is a kind of function overloading mechanism that GCC provides. In
+ * this case for instance `rb_define_method_00` is an alias of
+ * ::rb_define_method, with a strong type.
+ *
+ * - Q: What is this `__transparent_union__` thing?
+ *
+ * A: That is another kind of function overloading mechanism that GCC
+ * provides. In this case the attributed function pointer is either
+ * `VALUE(*)(int,VALUE*,VALUE)` or `VALUE(*)(int,const VALUE*,VALUE)`.
+ *
+ * This is better than `void*` or #ANYARGS because we can reject all other
+ * possibilities than the two.
+ *
+ * - Q: What does this #rb_define_method macro mean?
+ *
+ * - A: It selects appropriate alias of the ::rb_define_method function,
+ * depending on the last (arity) argument.
+ *
+ * - Q: Why the special case for ::rb_f_notimplement ?
+ *
+ * - A: Function pointer to ::rb_f_notimplement is special cased in
+ * `vm_method.c:rb_add_method_cfunc()`. That should be handled by the
+ * `__builtin_choose_expr` chain inside of #rb_define_method macro
+ * expansion. In order to do so, comparison like
+ * `(func == rb_f_notimplement)` is inappropriate for
+ * `__builtin_choose_expr`'s expression (which must be a compile-time
+ * integer constant but the address of ::rb_f_notimplement is not fixed
+ * until the linker). Instead we are using
+ * `__builtin_types_compatible_p`, and in doing so we need to distinguish
+ * ::rb_f_notimplement from others, by type.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/class.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/vm.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/method.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h"
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+# include "ruby/backward/cxxanyargs.hpp"
+
+#elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
+# /* Skip due to [Bug #16134] */
+
+#elif ! RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(transparent_union)
+# /* :TODO: improve here, please find a way to support. */
+
+#elif ! defined(HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO)
+# /* :TODO: improve here, please find a way to support. */
+
+#else
+# /** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+# if ! defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P)
+# define RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f) 0
+# else
+# define RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f) \
+ __builtin_types_compatible_p( \
+ __typeof__(f), \
+ __typeof__(rb_f_notimplement))
+# endif
+
+# if ! defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR_CONSTANT_P)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(expr, truthy, falsy) (falsy)
+# else
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(expr, truthy, falsy) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr( \
+ __builtin_choose_expr( \
+ __builtin_constant_p(expr), \
+ (expr), 0), \
+ (truthy), (falsy))
+# endif
+
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_m2(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -2, rb_define_singleton_method_m2, rb_define_singleton_method_m3)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_m1(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -1, rb_define_singleton_method_m1, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_m2(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_00(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 0, rb_define_singleton_method_00, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_m1(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_01(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 1, rb_define_singleton_method_01, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_00(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_02(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 2, rb_define_singleton_method_02, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_01(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_03(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 3, rb_define_singleton_method_03, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_02(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_04(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 4, rb_define_singleton_method_04, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_03(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_05(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 5, rb_define_singleton_method_05, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_04(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_06(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 6, rb_define_singleton_method_06, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_05(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_07(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 7, rb_define_singleton_method_07, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_06(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_08(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 8, rb_define_singleton_method_08, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_07(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_09(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 9, rb_define_singleton_method_09, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_08(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_10(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 10, rb_define_singleton_method_10, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_09(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_11(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 11, rb_define_singleton_method_11, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_10(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_12(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 12, rb_define_singleton_method_12, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_11(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_13(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 13, rb_define_singleton_method_13, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_12(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_14(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 14, rb_define_singleton_method_14, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_13(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_15(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 15, rb_define_singleton_method_15, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_14(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_m2(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -2, rb_define_protected_method_m2, rb_define_protected_method_m3)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_m1(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -1, rb_define_protected_method_m1, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_m2(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_00(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 0, rb_define_protected_method_00, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_m1(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_01(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 1, rb_define_protected_method_01, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_00(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_02(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 2, rb_define_protected_method_02, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_01(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_03(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 3, rb_define_protected_method_03, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_02(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_04(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 4, rb_define_protected_method_04, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_03(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_05(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 5, rb_define_protected_method_05, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_04(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_06(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 6, rb_define_protected_method_06, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_05(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_07(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 7, rb_define_protected_method_07, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_06(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_08(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 8, rb_define_protected_method_08, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_07(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_09(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 9, rb_define_protected_method_09, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_08(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_10(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 10, rb_define_protected_method_10, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_09(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_11(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 11, rb_define_protected_method_11, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_10(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_12(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 12, rb_define_protected_method_12, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_11(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_13(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 13, rb_define_protected_method_13, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_12(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_14(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 14, rb_define_protected_method_14, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_13(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_15(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 15, rb_define_protected_method_15, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_14(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_m2(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -2, rb_define_private_method_m2, rb_define_private_method_m3)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_m1(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -1, rb_define_private_method_m1, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_m2(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_00(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 0, rb_define_private_method_00, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_m1(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_01(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 1, rb_define_private_method_01, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_00(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_02(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 2, rb_define_private_method_02, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_01(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_03(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 3, rb_define_private_method_03, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_02(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_04(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 4, rb_define_private_method_04, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_03(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_05(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 5, rb_define_private_method_05, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_04(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_06(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 6, rb_define_private_method_06, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_05(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_07(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 7, rb_define_private_method_07, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_06(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_08(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 8, rb_define_private_method_08, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_07(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_09(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 9, rb_define_private_method_09, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_08(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_10(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 10, rb_define_private_method_10, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_09(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_11(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 11, rb_define_private_method_11, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_10(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_12(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 12, rb_define_private_method_12, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_11(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_13(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 13, rb_define_private_method_13, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_12(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_14(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 14, rb_define_private_method_14, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_13(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_15(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 15, rb_define_private_method_15, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_14(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_m2(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -2, rb_define_module_function_m2, rb_define_module_function_m3)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_m1(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -1, rb_define_module_function_m1, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_m2(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_00(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 0, rb_define_module_function_00, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_m1(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_01(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 1, rb_define_module_function_01, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_00(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_02(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 2, rb_define_module_function_02, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_01(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_03(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 3, rb_define_module_function_03, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_02(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_04(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 4, rb_define_module_function_04, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_03(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_05(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 5, rb_define_module_function_05, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_04(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_06(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 6, rb_define_module_function_06, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_05(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_07(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 7, rb_define_module_function_07, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_06(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_08(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 8, rb_define_module_function_08, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_07(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_09(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 9, rb_define_module_function_09, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_08(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_10(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 10, rb_define_module_function_10, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_09(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_11(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 11, rb_define_module_function_11, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_10(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_12(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 12, rb_define_module_function_12, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_11(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_13(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 13, rb_define_module_function_13, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_12(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_14(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 14, rb_define_module_function_14, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_13(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_15(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 15, rb_define_module_function_15, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_14(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_m2(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -2, rb_define_global_function_m2, rb_define_global_function_m3)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_m1(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -1, rb_define_global_function_m1, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_m2(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_00(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 0, rb_define_global_function_00, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_m1(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_01(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 1, rb_define_global_function_01, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_00(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_02(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 2, rb_define_global_function_02, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_01(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_03(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 3, rb_define_global_function_03, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_02(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_04(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 4, rb_define_global_function_04, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_03(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_05(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 5, rb_define_global_function_05, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_04(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_06(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 6, rb_define_global_function_06, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_05(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_07(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 7, rb_define_global_function_07, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_06(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_08(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 8, rb_define_global_function_08, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_07(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_09(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 9, rb_define_global_function_09, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_08(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_10(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 10, rb_define_global_function_10, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_09(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_11(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 11, rb_define_global_function_11, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_10(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_12(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 12, rb_define_global_function_12, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_11(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_13(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 13, rb_define_global_function_13, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_12(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_14(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 14, rb_define_global_function_14, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_13(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_15(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 15, rb_define_global_function_15, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_14(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_m2(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -2, rb_define_method_id_m2, rb_define_method_id_m3)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_m1(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -1, rb_define_method_id_m1, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_m2(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_00(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 0, rb_define_method_id_00, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_m1(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_01(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 1, rb_define_method_id_01, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_00(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_02(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 2, rb_define_method_id_02, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_01(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_03(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 3, rb_define_method_id_03, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_02(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_04(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 4, rb_define_method_id_04, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_03(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_05(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 5, rb_define_method_id_05, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_04(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_06(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 6, rb_define_method_id_06, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_05(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_07(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 7, rb_define_method_id_07, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_06(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_08(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 8, rb_define_method_id_08, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_07(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_09(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 9, rb_define_method_id_09, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_08(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_10(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 10, rb_define_method_id_10, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_09(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_11(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 11, rb_define_method_id_11, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_10(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_12(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 12, rb_define_method_id_12, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_11(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_13(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 13, rb_define_method_id_13, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_12(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_14(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 14, rb_define_method_id_14, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_13(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_15(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 15, rb_define_method_id_15, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_14(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_m2(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -2, rb_define_method_m2, rb_define_method_m3)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_m1(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == -1, rb_define_method_m1, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_m2(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_00(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 0, rb_define_method_00, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_m1(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_01(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 1, rb_define_method_01, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_00(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_02(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 2, rb_define_method_02, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_01(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_03(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 3, rb_define_method_03, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_02(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_04(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 4, rb_define_method_04, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_03(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_05(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 5, rb_define_method_05, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_04(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_06(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 6, rb_define_method_06, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_05(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_07(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 7, rb_define_method_07, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_06(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_08(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 8, rb_define_method_08, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_07(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_09(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 9, rb_define_method_09, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_08(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_10(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 10, rb_define_method_10, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_09(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_11(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 11, rb_define_method_11, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_10(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_12(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 12, rb_define_method_12, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_11(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_13(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 13, rb_define_method_13, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_12(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_14(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 14, rb_define_method_14, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_13(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_15(n) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 15, rb_define_method_15, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_14(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_singleton_method_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_protected_method_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_private_method_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_module_function_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_global_function_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_method_id_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_method_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED() RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL() RBIMPL_ATTR_WEAKREF(sym)
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(sym, ...) \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _m3(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(ANYARGS), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _m2(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _m1(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(int, union { VALUE *x; const VALUE *y; } __attribute__((__transparent_union__)), VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _00(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _01(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _02(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _03(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _04(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _05(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _06(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _07(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _08(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _09(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _10(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _11(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _12(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _13(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _14(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _15(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), int);
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(rb_define_singleton_method, VALUE, const char *)
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(rb_define_protected_method, VALUE, const char *)
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(rb_define_private_method, VALUE, const char *)
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(rb_define_module_function, VALUE, const char *)
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(rb_define_global_function, const char *)
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(rb_define_method_id, VALUE, ID)
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(rb_define_method, VALUE, const char *)
+/** @endcond */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Defines klass\#mid.
+ * @see ::rb_define_method
+ * @param klass Where the method lives.
+ * @param mid Name of the defining method.
+ * @param func Implementation of klass\#mid.
+ * @param arity Arity of klass\#mid.
+ */
+#define rb_define_method(klass, mid, func, arity) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method((arity), (func))((klass), (mid), (func), (arity))
+
+/**
+ * @brief Defines klass\#mid.
+ * @see ::rb_define_method_id
+ * @param klass Where the method lives.
+ * @param mid Name of the defining method.
+ * @param func Implementation of klass\#mid.
+ * @param arity Arity of klass\#mid.
+ */
+#define rb_define_method_id(klass, mid, func, arity) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id((arity), (func))((klass), (mid), (func), (arity))
+
+/**
+ * @brief Defines obj.mid.
+ * @see ::rb_define_singleton_method
+ * @param obj Where the method lives.
+ * @param mid Name of the defining method.
+ * @param func Implementation of obj.mid.
+ * @param arity Arity of obj.mid.
+ */
+#define rb_define_singleton_method(obj, mid, func, arity) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method((arity), (func))((obj), (mid), (func), (arity))
+
+/**
+ * @brief Defines klass\#mid and make it protected.
+ * @see ::rb_define_protected_method
+ * @param klass Where the method lives.
+ * @param mid Name of the defining method.
+ * @param func Implementation of klass\#mid.
+ * @param arity Arity of klass\#mid.
+ */
+#define rb_define_protected_method(klass, mid, func, arity) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method((arity), (func))((klass), (mid), (func), (arity))
+
+/**
+ * @brief Defines klass\#mid and make it private.
+ * @see ::rb_define_private_method
+ * @param klass Where the method lives.
+ * @param mid Name of the defining method.
+ * @param func Implementation of klass\#mid.
+ * @param arity Arity of klass\#mid.
+ */
+#define rb_define_private_method(klass, mid, func, arity) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method((arity), (func))((klass), (mid), (func), (arity))
+
+/**
+ * @brief Defines mod\#mid and make it a module function.
+ * @see ::rb_define_module_function
+ * @param mod Where the method lives.
+ * @param mid Name of the defining method.
+ * @param func Implementation of mod\#mid.
+ * @param arity Arity of mod\#mid.
+ */
+#define rb_define_module_function(mod, mid, func, arity) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function((arity), (func))((mod), (mid), (func), (arity))
+
+/**
+ * @brief Defines ::rb_mKerbel \#mid.
+ * @see ::rb_define_gobal_function
+ * @param mid Name of the defining method.
+ * @param func Implementation of ::rb_mKernel \#mid.
+ * @param arity Arity of ::rb_mKernel \#mid.
+ */
+#define rb_define_global_function(mid, func, arity) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function((arity), (func))((mid), (func), (arity))
+
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/**
+ * This macro is to properly cast a function parameter of *_define_method
+ * family. It has been around since 1.x era so you can maximize backwards
+ * compatibility by using it.
+ *
+ * ```CXX
+ * rb_define_method(klass, "method", RUBY_METHOD_FUNC(func), arity);
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param func A pointer to a function that implements a method.
+ */
+#if ! defined(RUBY_DEVEL)
+# define RUBY_METHOD_FUNC(func) RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE (*)(ANYARGS))(func))
+
+#elif ! RUBY_DEVEL
+# define RUBY_METHOD_FUNC(func) RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE (*)(ANYARGS))(func))
+
+#elif ! defined(rb_define_method)
+# define RUBY_METHOD_FUNC(func) RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE (*)(ANYARGS))(func))
+
+#else
+# define RUBY_METHOD_FUNC(func) (func)
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ANYARGS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3806db444
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Conversion between C's arithmtic types and Ruby's numeric types.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h"
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3033639a43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_CHAR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_CHAR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `char` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h" /* NUM2INT is here, but */
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h" /* INT2FIX is here.*/
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rstring.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+
+#define RB_NUM2CHR rb_num2char_inline
+#define NUM2CHR RB_NUM2CHR
+#define CHR2FIX RB_CHR2FIX
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RB_CHR2FIX RB_CHR2FIX
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(CXX14)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RB_CHR2FIX(unsigned char c)
+{
+ return RB_INT2FIX(c);
+}
+
+static inline char
+rb_num2char_inline(VALUE x)
+{
+ if (RB_TYPE_P(x, RUBY_T_STRING) && (RSTRING_LEN(x)>=1))
+ return RSTRING_PTR(x)[0];
+ else
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((char)RB_NUM2INT(x));
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_CHAR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69d8630dbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_DOUBLE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_DOUBLE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `double` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+#define NUM2DBL rb_num2dbl
+#define RFLOAT_VALUE rb_float_value
+#define DBL2NUM rb_float_new
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+double rb_num2dbl(VALUE);
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+double rb_float_value(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_float_new(double);
+VALUE rb_float_new_in_heap(double);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_DOUBLE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..68544b760b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_FIXNUM_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_FIXNUM_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Handling of integers formerly known as Fixnums.
+ */
+#include "ruby/backward/2/limits.h"
+
+#define FIXABLE RB_FIXABLE
+#define FIXNUM_MAX RUBY_FIXNUM_MAX
+#define FIXNUM_MIN RUBY_FIXNUM_MIN
+#define NEGFIXABLE RB_NEGFIXABLE
+#define POSFIXABLE RB_POSFIXABLE
+
+/*
+ * FIXABLE can be applied to anything, from double to intmax_t. The problem is
+ * double. On a 64bit system RUBY_FIXNUM_MAX is 4,611,686,018,427,387,903,
+ * which is not representable by a double. The nearest value that a double can
+ * represent is 4,611,686,018,427,387,904, which is not fixable. The
+ * seemingly-stragne "< FIXNUM_MAX + 1" expression below is due to this.
+ */
+#define RB_POSFIXABLE(_) ((_) < RUBY_FIXNUM_MAX + 1)
+#define RB_NEGFIXABLE(_) ((_) >= RUBY_FIXNUM_MIN)
+#define RB_FIXABLE(_) (RB_POSFIXABLE(_) && RB_NEGFIXABLE(_))
+#define RUBY_FIXNUM_MAX (LONG_MAX / 2)
+#define RUBY_FIXNUM_MIN (LONG_MIN / 2)
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_FIXNUM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32e3578bd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_GID_T_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_GID_T_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `gid_t` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+
+#ifndef GIDT2NUM
+# define GIDT2NUM RB_LONG2NUM
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NUM2GIDT
+# define NUM2GIDT RB_NUM2LONG
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_GID_T_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..346fa9258b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_INT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_INT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `int` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/warning_push.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#define RB_INT2NUM rb_int2num_inline
+#define RB_NUM2INT rb_num2int_inline
+#define RB_UINT2NUM rb_uint2num_inline
+
+#define FIX2INT RB_FIX2INT
+#define FIX2UINT RB_FIX2UINT
+#define INT2NUM RB_INT2NUM
+#define NUM2INT RB_NUM2INT
+#define NUM2UINT RB_NUM2UINT
+#define UINT2NUM RB_UINT2NUM
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RB_FIX2INT RB_FIX2INT
+#define RB_NUM2UINT RB_NUM2UINT
+#define RB_FIX2UINT RB_FIX2UINT
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+long rb_num2int(VALUE);
+long rb_fix2int(VALUE);
+unsigned long rb_num2uint(VALUE);
+unsigned long rb_fix2uint(VALUE);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+RB_FIX2INT(VALUE x)
+{
+ /* "FIX2INT raises a TypeError if passed nil", says rubyspec. Not sure if
+ * that is a desired behaviour but just preserve backwards compatilibily.
+ */
+#if 0
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXNUM_P(x));
+#endif
+ long ret;
+
+ if /* constexpr */ (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
+ ret = rb_fix2int(x);
+ }
+ else {
+ ret = RB_FIX2LONG(x);
+ }
+
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((int)ret);
+}
+
+static inline int
+rb_num2int_inline(VALUE x)
+{
+ long ret;
+
+ if /* constexpr */ (sizeof(int) == sizeof(long)) {
+ ret = RB_NUM2LONG(x);
+ }
+ else if (RB_FIXNUM_P(x)) {
+ ret = rb_fix2int(x);
+ }
+ else {
+ ret = rb_num2int(x);
+ }
+
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((int)ret);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline unsigned int
+RB_NUM2UINT(VALUE x)
+{
+ unsigned long ret;
+
+ if /* constexpr */ (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
+ ret = rb_num2uint(x);
+ }
+ else {
+ ret = RB_NUM2ULONG(x);
+ }
+
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((unsigned int)ret);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline unsigned int
+RB_FIX2UINT(VALUE x)
+{
+#if 0 /* Ditto for RB_FIX2INT. */
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXNUM_P(x));
+#endif
+ unsigned long ret;
+
+ if /* constexpr */ (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
+ ret = rb_fix2uint(x);
+ }
+ else {
+ ret = RB_FIX2ULONG(x);
+ }
+
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((unsigned int)ret);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH()
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(GCC)
+RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wtype-limits) /* We can ignore them here. */
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wtautological-constant-out-of-range-compare")
+RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wtautological-constant-out-of-range-compare)
+#endif
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_int2num_inline(int v)
+{
+ if (RB_FIXABLE(v))
+ return RB_INT2FIX(v);
+ else
+ return rb_int2big(v);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_uint2num_inline(unsigned int v)
+{
+ if (RB_POSFIXABLE(v))
+ return RB_LONG2FIX(v);
+ else
+ return rb_uint2big(v);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_INT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..442c87144c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_INTPTR_T_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_INTPTR_T_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `intptr_t` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
+# include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+#define rb_int_new rb_int2inum
+#define rb_uint_new rb_uint2inum
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_int2big(intptr_t i);
+VALUE rb_int2inum(intptr_t i);
+VALUE rb_uint2big(uintptr_t i);
+VALUE rb_uint2inum(uintptr_t i);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_INTPTR_T_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aff7d68478
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_LONG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_LONG_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `long` and Ruby's.
+ *
+ * ### Q&A ###
+ *
+ * - Q: Why are INT2FIX etc. here, not in `int.h`?
+ *
+ * - A: Because they are in fact handling `long`. It seems someone did not
+ * understand the difference of `int` and `long` when they designed those
+ * macros.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h" /* FIXABLE */
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h" /* rb_int2big etc.*/
+#include "ruby/internal/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/cold.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h" /* FIXNUM_FLAG */
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#define FIX2LONG RB_FIX2LONG
+#define FIX2ULONG RB_FIX2ULONG
+#define INT2FIX RB_INT2FIX
+#define LONG2FIX RB_INT2FIX
+#define LONG2NUM RB_LONG2NUM
+#define NUM2LONG RB_NUM2LONG
+#define NUM2ULONG RB_NUM2ULONG
+#define RB_FIX2LONG rb_fix2long
+#define RB_FIX2ULONG rb_fix2ulong
+#define RB_LONG2FIX RB_INT2FIX
+#define RB_LONG2NUM rb_long2num_inline
+#define RB_NUM2LONG rb_num2long_inline
+#define RB_NUM2ULONG rb_num2ulong_inline
+#define RB_ULONG2NUM rb_ulong2num_inline
+#define ULONG2NUM RB_ULONG2NUM
+#define rb_fix_new RB_INT2FIX
+#define rb_long2int rb_long2int_inline
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RB_INT2FIX RB_INT2FIX
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
+void rb_out_of_int(SIGNED_VALUE num);
+
+long rb_num2long(VALUE num);
+unsigned long rb_num2ulong(VALUE num);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(CXX14)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RB_INT2FIX(long i)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXABLE(i));
+
+ /* :NOTE: VALUE can be wider than long. As j being unsigned, 2j+1 is fully
+ * defined. Also it can be compiled into a single LEA instruction. */
+ const unsigned long j = i;
+ const unsigned long k = 2 * j + RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG;
+ const long l = k;
+ const SIGNED_VALUE m = l; /* Sign extend */
+ const VALUE n = m;
+
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXNUM_P(n));
+ return n;
+}
+
+static inline int
+rb_long2int_inline(long n)
+{
+ int i = RBIMPL_CAST((int)n);
+
+ if /* constexpr */ (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(int)) {
+ RBIMPL_ASSUME(i == n);
+ }
+
+ if (i != n)
+ rb_out_of_int(n);
+
+ return i;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(CXX14)
+static inline long
+rbimpl_fix2long_by_idiv(VALUE x)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXNUM_P(x));
+
+ /* :NOTE: VALUE can be wider than long. (x-1)/2 never overflows because
+ * RB_FIXNUM_P(x) holds. Also it has no portability issue like y>>1
+ * below. */
+ const SIGNED_VALUE y = x - RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG;
+ const SIGNED_VALUE z = y / 2;
+ const long w = RBIMPL_CAST((long)z);
+
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXABLE(w));
+ return w;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(CXX14)
+static inline long
+rbimpl_fix2long_by_shift(VALUE x)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXNUM_P(x));
+
+ /* :NOTE: VALUE can be wider than long. If right shift is arithmetic, this
+ * is noticeably faster than above. */
+ const SIGNED_VALUE y = x;
+ const SIGNED_VALUE z = y >> 1;
+ const long w = RBIMPL_CAST((long)z);
+
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXABLE(w));
+ return w;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+static inline bool
+rbimpl_right_shift_is_arithmetic_p(void)
+{
+ return (-1 >> 1) == -1;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(CXX14)
+static inline long
+rb_fix2long(VALUE x)
+{
+ if /* constexpr */ (rbimpl_right_shift_is_arithmetic_p()) {
+ return rbimpl_fix2long_by_shift(x);
+ }
+ else {
+ return rbimpl_fix2long_by_idiv(x);
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(CXX14)
+static inline unsigned long
+rb_fix2ulong(VALUE x)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXNUM_P(x));
+ return rb_fix2long(x);
+}
+
+static inline long
+rb_num2long_inline(VALUE x)
+{
+ if (RB_FIXNUM_P(x))
+ return RB_FIX2LONG(x);
+ else
+ return rb_num2long(x);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long
+rb_num2ulong_inline(VALUE x)
+{
+ /* This (negative fixnum would become a large unsigned long while negative
+ * bignum is an exception) has been THE behaviour of NUM2ULONG since the
+ * beginning. It is strange, but we can no longer change how it works at
+ * this moment. We have to get by with it. See also:
+ * https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/9089 */
+ if (RB_FIXNUM_P(x))
+ return RB_FIX2ULONG(x);
+ else
+ return rb_num2ulong(x);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_long2num_inline(long v)
+{
+ if (RB_FIXABLE(v))
+ return RB_LONG2FIX(v);
+ else
+ return rb_int2big(v);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_ulong2num_inline(unsigned long v)
+{
+ if (RB_POSFIXABLE(v))
+ return RB_LONG2FIX(v);
+ else
+ return rb_uint2big(v);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @cond INTERNAL_MACRO
+ *
+ * Following overload is necessary because sometimes INT2FIX is used as a enum
+ * value (e.g. `enum { FOO = INT2FIX(0) };`). THIS IS NG in theory because a
+ * VALUE does not fit into an enum (which must be a signed int). But we cannot
+ * break existing codes.
+ */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14
+# /* C++ can write constexpr as enum values. */
+
+#elif ! defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR_CONSTANT_P)
+# undef INT2FIX
+# define INT2FIX(i) (RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)(i)) << 1 | RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG)
+
+#else
+# undef INT2FIX
+# define INT2FIX(i) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr( \
+ __builtin_constant_p(i), \
+ RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)(i)) << 1 | RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG, \
+ RB_INT2FIX(i))
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_LONG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..96ffb37d57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_LONG_LONG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_LONG_LONG_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `long long` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+
+#define RB_LL2NUM rb_ll2inum
+#define RB_ULL2NUM rb_ull2inum
+#define LL2NUM RB_LL2NUM
+#define ULL2NUM RB_ULL2NUM
+#define RB_NUM2LL rb_num2ll_inline
+#define RB_NUM2ULL rb_num2ull
+#define NUM2LL RB_NUM2LL
+#define NUM2ULL RB_NUM2ULL
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_ll2inum(LONG_LONG);
+VALUE rb_ull2inum(unsigned LONG_LONG);
+LONG_LONG rb_num2ll(VALUE);
+unsigned LONG_LONG rb_num2ull(VALUE);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+static inline LONG_LONG
+rb_num2ll_inline(VALUE x)
+{
+ if (RB_FIXNUM_P(x))
+ return RB_FIX2LONG(x);
+ else
+ return rb_num2ll(x);
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_LONG_LONG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee47eb8221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_MODE_T_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_MODE_T_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `mode_t` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h"
+
+#ifndef NUM2MODET
+# define NUM2MODET RB_NUM2INT
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MODET2NUM
+# define MODET2NUM RB_INT2NUM
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_MODE_T_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..84ec807e3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_OFF_T_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_OFF_T_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `off_t` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+
+#ifdef OFFT2NUM
+# /* take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_OFF_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define OFFT2NUM RB_LL2NUM
+#elif SIZEOF_OFF_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define OFFT2NUM RB_LONG2NUM
+#else
+# define OFFT2NUM RB_INT2NUM
+#endif
+
+#ifdef NUM2OFFT
+# /* take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_OFF_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define NUM2OFFT RB_NUM2LL
+#elif SIZEOF_OFF_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define NUM2OFFT RB_NUM2LONG
+#else
+# define NUM2OFFT RB_NUM2INT
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_OFF_T_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eaca402776
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_PID_T_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_PID_T_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `pid_t` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+
+#ifndef PIDT2NUM
+# define PIDT2NUM RB_LONG2NUM
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NUM2PIDT
+# define NUM2PIDT RB_NUM2LONG
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_PID_T_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef213a8d3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_SHORT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_SHORT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `short` and Ruby's.
+ *
+ * Shyouhei wonders: why there is no SHORT2NUM, given there are both
+ * #USHORT2NUM and #CHR2FIX?
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+
+#define RB_NUM2SHORT rb_num2short_inline
+#define RB_NUM2USHORT rb_num2ushort
+#define NUM2SHORT RB_NUM2SHORT
+#define NUM2USHORT RB_NUM2USHORT
+#define USHORT2NUM RB_INT2FIX
+#define RB_FIX2SHORT rb_fix2short
+#define FIX2SHORT RB_FIX2SHORT
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+short rb_num2short(VALUE);
+unsigned short rb_num2ushort(VALUE);
+short rb_fix2short(VALUE);
+unsigned short rb_fix2ushort(VALUE);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+static inline short
+rb_num2short_inline(VALUE x)
+{
+ if (RB_FIXNUM_P(x))
+ return rb_fix2short(x);
+ else
+ return rb_num2short(x);
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_SOHRT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0458f1f5f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_SIZE_T_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_SIZE_T_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `size_t` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+
+#if SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define RB_SIZE2NUM RB_ULL2NUM
+# define RB_SSIZE2NUM RB_LL2NUM
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define RB_SIZE2NUM RB_ULONG2NUM
+# define RB_SSIZE2NUM RB_LONG2NUM
+#else
+# define RB_SIZE2NUM RB_UINT2NUM
+# define RB_SSIZE2NUM RB_INT2NUM
+#endif
+
+#if SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define RB_NUM2SIZE RB_NUM2ULL
+# define RB_NUM2SSIZE RB_NUM2LL
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+# define RB_NUM2SIZE RB_NUM2ULONG
+# define RB_NUM2SSIZE RB_NUM2LONG
+#else
+# define RB_NUM2SIZE RB_NUM2UINT
+# define RB_NUM2SSIZE RB_NUM2INT
+#endif
+
+#define NUM2SIZET RB_NUM2SIZE
+#define SIZET2NUM RB_SIZE2NUM
+#define NUM2SSIZET RB_NUM2SSIZE
+#define SSIZET2NUM RB_SSIZE2NUM
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_SIZE_T_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..93a5ccb7a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMERIC_ST_DATA_T_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMERIC_ST_DATA_T_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `st_data_t` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+#include "ruby/st.h"
+
+#define ST2FIX RB_ST2FIX
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RB_ST2FIX RB_ST2FIX
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(CXX14)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/* See also [ruby-core:84395] [Bug #14218] [ruby-core:82687] [Bug #13877] */
+static inline VALUE
+RB_ST2FIX(st_data_t i)
+{
+ SIGNED_VALUE x = i;
+
+ if (x >= 0) {
+ x &= RUBY_FIXNUM_MAX;
+ }
+ else {
+ x |= RUBY_FIXNUM_MIN;
+ }
+
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FIXABLE(x));
+ unsigned long y = RBIMPL_CAST((unsigned long)x);
+ return RB_LONG2FIX(y);
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMERIC_ST_DATA_T_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bdcf42f049
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_UID_T_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_UID_T_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Arithmetic conversion between C's `uid_t` and Ruby's.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+
+#ifndef UIDT2NUM
+# define UIDT2NUM RB_LONG2NUM
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NUM2UIDT
+# define NUM2UIDT RB_NUM2LONG
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ARITHMETIC_UID_T_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/assume.h b/include/ruby/internal/assume.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e95b2fb12a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/assume.h
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ASSUME_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ASSUME_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ASSUME / #RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE.
+ *
+ * These macros must be defined at once because:
+ *
+ * - #RBIMPL_ASSUME could fallback to #RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE.
+ * - #RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE could fallback to #RBIMPL_ASSUME.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/builtin.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/warning_push.h"
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 13, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAVE___ASSUME
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(Intel, 13, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAVE___ASSUME
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__builtin_unreachable`. */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_unreachable)
+# define RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(_) __builtin_unreachable()
+
+#elif defined(RBIMPL_HAVE___ASSUME)
+# define RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(_) return (__assume(0), (_))
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(_) return (_)
+#endif
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__builtin_unreachable`. */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_unreachable)
+# define RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE __builtin_unreachable
+
+#elif defined(RBIMPL_HAVE___ASSUME)
+# define RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE() __assume(0)
+#endif
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__assume`. */
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(Intel, 13, 0, 0)
+# /* icc warnings are false positives. Ignore them. */
+# /* "warning #2261: __assume expression with side effects discarded" */
+# define RBIMPL_ASSUME(expr) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(2261) \
+ __assume(expr) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#elif defined(RBIMPL_HAVE___ASSUME)
+# define RBIMPL_ASSUME __assume
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_assume)
+# define RBIMPL_ASSUME __builtin_assume
+
+#elif ! defined(RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE)
+# define RBIMPL_ASSUME(_) RBIMPL_CAST((void)(_))
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ASSUME(_) \
+ (RB_LIKELY(!!(_)) ? RBIMPL_CAST((void)0) : RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE())
+#endif
+
+#if ! defined(RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE)
+# define RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE() RBIMPL_ASSUME(0)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ASSUME_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea96feec99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((alloc_size))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(alloc_size)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE(tuple) __attribute__((__alloc_size__ tuple))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE(tuple) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fa9a3814cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL.
+ *
+ * ### Q&A ###
+ *
+ * - Q: What is this attribute? I don't get what GCC manual is talking about.
+ *
+ * - A: In short it is an attribute to manipulate GDB backtraces. The
+ * attribute makes the best sense when it comes with
+ * __attribute__((always_inline)). When a function annotated with this
+ * attribute gets inlined, and when you somehow look at a backtrace which
+ * includes such inlined call site, then the backtrace shows the caller
+ * and not the callee. This is handy for instance when an identical
+ * function is inlined more than once in a single big function. On such
+ * case it gets vital to know where the inlining happened in the callee.
+ * See also https://stackoverflow.com/a/21936099
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((artificial))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(artificial)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL() __attribute__((__artificial__))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fcee507456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((cold))` */
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(SunPro)
+# /* Recent SunPro has __has_attribute, and is borken. */
+# /* It reports it has attribute cold, reality isn't (warnings issued). */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD() /* void */
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(cold)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD() __attribute__((__cold__))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/const.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5b8da0c2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((const))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(const)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST() __attribute__((__const__))
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(noalias)
+# /* If a function can be a const, that is also a noalias. */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST() __declspec(noalias)
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST() _Pragma("no_side_effect")
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST() /* void */
+#endif
+
+/** Enables #RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST iff. ! #RUBY_DEBUG. */
+#if !RUBY_DEBUG
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG() RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_UNLESS_DEBUG() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..96b010ce6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief #RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/feature.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/token_paste.h"
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#if ! defined(__cplusplus)
+# /* Makes no sense. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 0
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 0
+
+#elif defined(__cpp_constexpr)
+# /* https://isocpp.org/std/standing-documents/sd-6-sg10-feature-test-recommendations */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 (__cpp_constexpr >= 200704L)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 (__cpp_constexpr >= 201304L)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 00, 00)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 11, 00)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 13, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 (__cplusplus >= 201402L)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 (__cplusplus >= 201402L)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_relaxed_constexpr)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 1
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 1
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_constexpr)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 1
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 0
+
+#else
+# /* :FIXME: icpc must have constexpr but don't know how to detect. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 0
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 0
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) C++11 `constexpr`. */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(_) constexpr
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(_) RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_, _)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX11 constexpr
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 /* void */
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(_) /* void */
+#endif
+
+/** Enables #RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR iff. ! #RUBY_DEBUG. */
+#if !RUBY_DEBUG
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(_) RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(_)
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_UNLESS_DEBUG(_) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..38a7deeaaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/extension.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `[[deprecated]]` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION(attribute_deprecated_with_message)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) __attribute__((__deprecated__ msg))
+
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 10, 1, 0) /* && RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(GCC, 10, X, Y) */
+# /* https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=95302 */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) /* disable until they fix this bug */
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 5, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) __attribute__((__deprecated__ msg))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(Intel, 13, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) __attribute__((__deprecated__ msg))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(deprecated) /* but not with message. */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) __attribute__((__deprecated__))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 14, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) __declspec(deprecated msg)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(deprecated)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) __declspec(deprecated)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(deprecated)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) [[deprecated msg]]
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(deprecated)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) [[deprecated msg]]
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(msg) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a79e904b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/warning_push.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((diagnose_if))` */
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(Clang, 5, 0, 0)
+# /* https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=34319 */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF(_, __, ___) /* void */
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(diagnose_if)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF(_, __, ___) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wgcc-compat) \
+ __attribute__((__diagnose_if__(_, __, ___))) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF(_, __, ___) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6faa58185a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_ENUM_EXTENSIBILITY_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_ENUM_EXTENSIBILITY_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief #RBIMPL_ATTR_ENUM_EXTENSIBILITY.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((enum_extensibility))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(enum_extensibility)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_ENUM_EXTENSIBILITY(_) __attribute__((__enum_extensibility__(_)))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_ENUM_EXTENSIBILITY(_) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_ENUM_EXTENSIBILITY_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/error.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da19b73c2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((error))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(error)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR(msg) __attribute__((__error__ msg))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR(msg) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..148384d842
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_FLAG_ENUM_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_FLAG_ENUM_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_FLAG_ENUM.
+ * @see https://clang.llvm.org/docs/AttributeReference.html#flag_enum
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((flag_enum)` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(flag_enum)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_FLAG_ENUM() __attribute__((__flag_enum__))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_FLAG_ENUM() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPLATTR_FLAG_ENUM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6b31f1016f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/**
+ * Wraps (or simulates) `__forceinline`. MSVC complains on declarations like
+ * `static inline __forceinline void foo()`. It seems MSVC's `inline` and
+ * `__forceinline` are mutually exclusive. We have to mimic that behaviour for
+ * non-MSVC compilers.
+ */
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 12, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE() __forceinline
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(always_inline)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE() __attribute__((__always_inline__)) inline
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE() inline
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/format.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fcbf7b6cfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((format))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(format)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(x, y, z) __attribute__((__format__(x, y, z)))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(x, y, z) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT)
+# define RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT __MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT __printf__
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f46d1bc670
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `[[maybe_unused]]` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(maybe_unused)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED() [[maybe_unused]]
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(maybe_unused)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED() [[maybe_unused]]
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(unused)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED() __attribute__((__unused__))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63324b7184
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS.
+ *
+ * ### Q&A ###
+ *
+ * - Q: There are seemingly similar attributes named #RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST,
+ * #RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE, and #RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS. What are the difference?
+ *
+ * - A: Allowed operations are different.
+ *
+ * - #RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST ... Functions attributed by this are not allowed to
+ * read/write _any_ pointers at all (there are exceptional situations
+ * when reading a pointer is possible but forget that; they are too
+ * exceptional to be useful). Just remember that everything pointer-
+ * related are NG.
+ *
+ * - #RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE ... Functions attributed by this can read any
+ * nonvolatile pointers, but no writes are allowed at all. The ability
+ * to read _any_ nonvolatile pointers makes it possible to mark ::VALUE-
+ * taking functions as being pure, as long as they are read-only.
+ *
+ * - #RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS ... Can both read/write, but only through
+ * pointers passed to the function as parameters. This is a typical
+ * situation when you create a C++ non-static member function which only
+ * concerns `this`. No global variables are allowed to read/write. So
+ * this is not a super-set of being pure. If you want to read something,
+ * that has to be passed to the function as a pointer. ::VALUE -taking
+ * functions thus cannot be attributed as such.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__declspec((noalias))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(noalias)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS() __declspec(noalias)
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5fd71b1c23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h"
+
+/**
+ * Wraps (or simulates) `[[nodiscard]]`. In C++ (at least since C++20) a
+ * nodiscard attribute can have a message why the result shall not be ignoed.
+ * However GCC attribute and SAL annotation cannot take them.
+ */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(nodiscard)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD() [[nodiscard]]
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(nodiscard)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD() [[nodiscard]]
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(warn_unused_result)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD() __attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+#elif defined(_Check_return_)
+# /* Take SAL definition. */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD() _Check_return_
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..968a7742b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT.
+ *
+ * This isn't actually an attribute in C++ but who cares...
+ *
+ * Mainly due to aesthetic reasons, this one is rarely used in the project.
+ * But can be handy on occasions, especially when a function's noexcept-ness
+ * depends on its calling functions.
+ *
+ * ### Q&A ###
+ *
+ * - Q: Can a function that raises Ruby exceptions be attributed `noexcept`?
+ *
+ * - A: Yes. `noexcept` is about C++ exceptions, not Ruby's. They don't
+ * interface each other. You can safely attribute a function that raises
+ * Ruby exceptions as `noexcept`.
+ *
+ * - Q: How, then, can I assert that a function I wrote doesn't raise any Ruby
+ * exceptions?
+ *
+ * - A: `__attribute__((__leaf__))` is for that purpose. A function attributed
+ * as leaf can still throw C++ exceptions, but not Ruby's. Note however,
+ * that it's extremely difficult -- if not impossible -- to assert that a
+ * function doesn't raise any Ruby exceptions at all. Use of that
+ * attribute is not recommended; mere mortals can't properly use that by
+ * hand.
+ *
+ * - Q: Does it make sense to attribute an inline function `noexcept`?
+ *
+ * - A: I thought so before. But no, I don't think they are useful any longer.
+ *
+ * - When an inline function attributed `noexcept` actually doesn't throw
+ * any exceptions at all: these days I don't see any difference in
+ * generated assembly by adding/removing this attribute. C++ compilers
+ * get smarter and smarter. Today they can infer if it actually throws
+ * or not without any annotations by humans (correct me if I'm wrong).
+ *
+ * - When an inline function attributed `noexcepr` actually _does_ throw an
+ * exception: they have to call `std::terminate` then (C++ standard
+ * mandates so). This means exception handling routines are actually
+ * enforced, not omitted. This doesn't impact runtime performance (The
+ * Itanium C++ ABI has zero-cost exception handling), but does impact on
+ * generated binary size. This is bad.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/feature.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) C++11 `noexcept` */
+#if ! defined(__cplusplus)
+# /* Doesn't make sense. */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(_) /* void */
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_noexcept)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(_) noexcept(noexcept(_))
+
+#elif defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__) && __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(_) noexcept(noexcept(_))
+
+#elif defined(__INTEL_CXX11_MODE__)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(_) noexcept(noexcept(_))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(_) noexcept(noexcept(_))
+
+#elif __cplusplus >= 201103L
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(_) noexcept(noexcept(_))
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(_) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..619f99a171
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__declspec(noinline)` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(noinline)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE() __declspec(noinline)
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(noinline)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE() __attribute__((__noinline__))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cfced0bf74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((nonnull))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(nonnull)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(list) __attribute__((__nonnull__ list))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(list) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f741167c12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `[[noreturn]]` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(noreturn)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() __declspec(noreturn)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(noreturn)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() __attribute__((__noreturn__))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(noreturn)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() [[noreturn]]
+
+#elif defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() _Noreturn
+
+#elif defined(_Noreturn)
+# /* glibc <sys/cdefs.h> has this macro. */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() _Noreturn
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a10540ef3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((pure))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(pure)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() __attribute__((__pure__))
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() _Pragma("does_not_write_global_data")
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /* void */
+#endif
+
+/** Enables #RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE iff. ! #RUBY_DEBUG. */
+#if !RUBY_DEBUG
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG() RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f4b7db165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/token_paste.h"
+
+/* :FIXME: config.h includes conflicting `#define restrict`. MSVC can be
+ * detected using `RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE()`, but Clang & family cannot use
+ * `__has_declspec_attribute()` which involves macro substitution. */
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__declspec(restrict)` */
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 14, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT() __declspec(RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(re, strict))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(malloc)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT() __attribute__((__malloc__))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT() _Pragma("returns_new_memory")
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91c7be15cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((returns_nonnull))` */
+#if defined(_Ret_nonnull_)
+# /* Take SAL definition. */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL() _Ret_nonnull_
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(returns_nonnull)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL() __attribute__((__returns_nonnull__))
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb6b214828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((warning))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(warning)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING(msg) __attribute__((__warning__ msg))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING(msg) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..59dba678fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_WEAKREF_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_WEAKREF_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_WEAKREF.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__attribute__((weakref))` */
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(weakref)
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_WEAKREF(sym) __attribute__((__weakref__(# sym)))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_WEAKREF(sym) /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ATTR_WEAKREF_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/cast.h b/include/ruby/internal/cast.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..065a5d01c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/cast.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_CAST_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_CAST_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines RBIMPL_CAST.
+ * @cond INTERNAL_MACRO
+ *
+ * This casting macro makes sense only inside of other macros that are part of
+ * public headers. They could be used from C++, and C-style casts could issue
+ * warnings. Ruby internals are pure C so they should not bother.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/warning.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/warning_push.h"
+
+#if ! defined(__cplusplus)
+# define RBIMPL_CAST(expr) (expr)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 6, 0)
+# /* g++ has -Wold-style-cast since 1997 or so, but its _Pragma is broken. */
+# /* See https://gcc.godbolt.org/z/XWhU6J */
+# define RBIMPL_CAST(expr) (expr)
+# pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wold-style-cast"
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wold-style-cast")
+# define RBIMPL_CAST(expr) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wold-style-cast) \
+ (expr) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_CAST(expr) (expr)
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_CAST_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..776d7add4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Checks if the compiler is of given brand.
+ * @param cc Compiler brand, like `MSVC`.
+ * @retval true It is.
+ * @retval false It isn't.
+ */
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(cc) RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_ ## cc
+
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h"
+/* :TODO: Other possible compilers to support:
+ *
+ * - IBM XL: recent XL are clang-backended so some tweaks like we do for
+ * Apple's might be needed.
+ *
+ * - ARM's armclang: ditto, it can be clang-backended. */
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a5f558254
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_APPLE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_APPLE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Apple.
+ *
+ * Apple ships clang. Problem is, its `__clang_major__` etc. are not the
+ * upstream LLVM version, but XCode's. We have to think Apple's is distinct
+ * from LLVM's, when it comes to compiler detection business in this header
+ * file.
+ */
+#if ! defined(__clang__)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Apple 0
+
+#elif ! defined(__apple_build_version__)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Apple 0
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Apple 1
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR __clang_major__
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR __clang_minor__
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH __clang_patchlevel__
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_APPLE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30655f2f25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_CLANG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_CLANG_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Clang.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h"
+
+#if ! defined(__clang__)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Clang 0
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Apple)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Clang 0
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Clang 1
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR __clang_major__
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR __clang_minor__
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH __clang_patchlevel__
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_CLANG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6eabfb61a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h"
+
+#if ! defined(__GNUC__)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC 0
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Apple)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC 0
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Clang)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC 0
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Intel)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC 0
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC 1
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR __GNUC__
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR __GNUC_MINOR__
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_GCC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ada120485e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_INTEL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_INTEL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Intel.
+ */
+#if ! defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Intel 0
+
+#elif ! defined(__INTEL_COMPILER_UPDATE)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Intel 1
+# /* __INTEL_COMPILER = XXYZ */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (__INTEL_COMPILER / 100)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR (__INTEL_COMPILER % 100 / 10)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH (__INTEL_COMPILER % 10)
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_Intel 1
+# /* __INTEL_COMPILER = XXYZ */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (__INTEL_COMPILER / 100)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR (__INTEL_COMPILER % 100 / 10)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH __INTEL_COMPILER_UPDATE
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_INTEL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..60189da1a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h"
+
+#if ! defined(_MSC_VER)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC 0
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Clang)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC 0
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Intel)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC 0
+
+#elif _MSC_VER >= 1400
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC 1
+# /* _MSC_FULL_VER = XXYYZZZZZ */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (_MSC_FULL_VER / 10000000)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR (_MSC_FULL_VER % 10000000 / 100000)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH (_MSC_FULL_VER % 100000)
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_FULL_VER)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC 1
+# /* _MSC_FULL_VER = XXYYZZZZ */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (_MSC_FULL_VER / 1000000)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR (_MSC_FULL_VER % 1000000 / 10000)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH (_MSC_FULL_VER % 10000)
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC 1
+# /* _MSC_VER = XXYY */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (_MSC_VER / 100)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR (_MSC_VER % 100)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH 0
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_MSVC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2eb7b892f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SUNPRO_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SUNPRO_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SunPro.
+ */
+#if ! (defined(__SUNPRO_C) || defined(__SUNPRO_CC))
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SunPro 0
+
+#elif defined(__SUNPRO_C) && __SUNPRO_C >= 0x5100
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SunPro 1
+# /* __SUNPRO_C = 0xXYYZ */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (__SUNPRO_C >> 12)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR ((__SUNPRO_C >> 8 & 0xF) * 10 + (__SUNPRO_C >> 4 & 0xF))
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH (__SUNPRO_C & 0xF)
+
+#elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC) && __SUNPRO_CC >= 0x5100
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SunPro 1
+# /* __SUNPRO_CC = 0xXYYZ */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (__SUNPRO_CC >> 12)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR ((__SUNPRO_CC >> 8 & 0xF) * 10 + (__SUNPRO_CC >> 4 & 0xF))
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH (__SUNPRO_CC & 0xF)
+
+#elif defined(__SUNPRO_C)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SunPro 1
+# /* __SUNPRO_C = 0xXYZ */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (__SUNPRO_C >> 8)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR (__SUNPRO_C >> 4 & 0xF)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH (__SUNPRO_C & 0xF)
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SunPro 1
+# /* __SUNPRO_CC = 0xXYZ */
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR (__SUNPRO_CC >> 8)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR (__SUNPRO_CC >> 4 & 0xF)
+# define RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH (__SUNPRO_CC & 0xF)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS_SUNPRO_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92abb8acc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is.h"
+
+/**
+ * @brief Checks if the compiler is of given brand and is newer than or equal
+ * to the passed version.
+ * @param cc Compiler brand, like `MSVC`.
+ * @param x Major version.
+ * @param y Minor version.
+ * @param z Patchlevel.
+ * @retval true cc >= x.y.z.
+ * @retval false oherwise.
+ */
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(cc, x, y, z) \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(cc) && \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR > (x)) || \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR == (x)) && \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR > (y)) || \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR == (y)) && \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH >= (z)))))))
+
+/**
+ * @brief Checks if the compiler is of given brand and is older than the
+ * passed version.
+ * @param cc Compiler brand, like `MSVC`.
+ * @param x Major version.
+ * @param y Minor version.
+ * @param z Patchlevel.
+ * @retval true cc < x.y.z.
+ * @retval false oherwise.
+ */
+#define RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(cc, x, y, z) \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(cc) && \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR < (x)) || \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MAJOR == (x)) && \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR < (y)) || \
+ ((RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_MINOR == (y)) && \
+ (RBIMPL_COMPILER_VERSION_PATCH < (z)))))))
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/config.h b/include/ruby/internal/config.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..67d7e0156f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/config.h
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_CONFIG_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_CONFIG_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Thin wrapper to ruby/config.h
+ */
+#include "ruby/config.h"
+
+#ifdef RUBY_EXTCONF_H
+# include RUBY_EXTCONF_H
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+
+#undef HAVE_PROTOTYPES
+#define HAVE_PROTOTYPES 1
+
+#undef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
+#define HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES 1
+
+#undef TOKEN_PASTE
+#define TOKEN_PASTE(x,y) x##y
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+#/* __builtin_choose_expr and __builtin_types_compatible aren't available
+# * on C++. See https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Other-Builtins.html */
+# undef HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR_CONSTANT_P
+# undef HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P
+
+/* HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO is for C. C++ situations might be different. */
+# undef HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO
+# if __cplusplus >= 201103L
+# define HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO
+# elif defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__) && __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+# define HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO
+# elif defined(__INTEL_CXX11_MODE__)
+# define HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO
+# elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 16, 0, 0)
+# define HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO
+# else
+# /* NG, not known. */
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(GCC, 4, 9, 0)
+# /* See https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14221 */
+# undef HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR_CONSTANT_P
+#endif
+
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(GCC, 5, 0, 0)
+# /* GCC 4.9.2 reportedly has this feature and is broken. The function is not
+# * officially documented below. Seems we should not use it.
+# * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.9.4/gcc/Other-Builtins.html */
+# undef HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_ALLOCA_WITH_ALIGN
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+# /* Oracle Developer Studio 12.5: GCC compatibility guide says it supports
+# * statement expressions. But to our knowledge they support the extension
+# * only for C and not for C++. Prove me wrong. Am happy to support them if
+# * there is a way. */
+# undef HAVE_STMT_AND_DECL_IN_EXPR
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STRINGIZE0
+# define STRINGIZE(expr) STRINGIZE0(expr)
+# define STRINGIZE0(expr) #expr
+#endif
+
+#ifdef AC_APPLE_UNIVERSAL_BUILD
+# undef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+# ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN__
+# define WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DLEXT_MAXLEN
+# define DLEXT_MAXLEN 4
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_PLATFORM
+# define RUBY_PLATFORM "unknown-unknown"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(__i386)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(__i386__)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(_M_IX86)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(__x86_64)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(__x86_64__)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(_M_AMD64)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(__powerpc64__)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(__mc68020__)
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#else
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 0
+#endif
+
+/* Detection of __VA_OPT__ */
+#if ! defined(HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO)
+# undef HAVE___VA_OPT__
+
+#else
+# /* Idea taken from: https://stackoverflow.com/a/48045656 */
+# define RBIMPL_TEST3(q, w, e, ...) e
+# define RBIMPL_TEST2(...) RBIMPL_TEST3(__VA_OPT__(,),1,0,0)
+# define RBIMPL_TEST1() RBIMPL_TEST2("ruby")
+# if RBIMPL_TEST1()
+# define HAVE___VA_OPT__
+# else
+# undef HAVE___VA_OPT__
+# endif
+# undef RBIMPL_TEST1
+# undef RBIMPL_TEST2
+# undef RBIMPL_TEST3
+#endif /* HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO */
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_CONFIG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/constant_p.h b/include/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e54a8d85b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P.
+ *
+ * Note that __builtin_constant_p can be applicable inside of inline functions,
+ * according to GCC manual. Clang lacks that feature, though.
+ *
+ * @see https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4898
+ * @see https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Other-Builtins.html
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/builtin.h"
+
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_constant_p)
+# define RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(expr) __builtin_constant_p(expr)
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(expr) 0
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core.h b/include/ruby/internal/core.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..53a00a4603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_CORE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_CORE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Core data structures, definitions and manupulations.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rarray.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rclass.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rdata.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rfile.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rhash.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/robject.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rstring.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h"
+#endif /* RBIMPL_CORE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..938e2dc897
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RARRAY_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RARRAY_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RArray.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/rgengc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#ifndef USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+# define USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP 1
+#endif
+
+#define RARRAY(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RArray *)(obj))
+#define RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG
+#define RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK
+#define RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX
+#define RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT
+#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+# define RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG
+#else
+# define RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG 0
+#endif
+#define RARRAY_LEN rb_array_len
+#define RARRAY_CONST_PTR rb_array_const_ptr
+#define RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT rb_array_const_ptr_transient
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#if defined(__fcc__) || defined(__fcc_version) || \
+ defined(__FCC__) || defined(__FCC_VERSION)
+/* workaround for old version of Fujitsu C Compiler (fcc) */
+# define FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR(x) ((const VALUE *)(x))
+#else
+# define FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR(x) (x)
+#endif
+
+#define RARRAY_EMBED_LEN RARRAY_EMBED_LEN
+#define RARRAY_LENINT RARRAY_LENINT
+#define RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P
+#define RARRAY_ASET RARRAY_ASET
+#define RARRAY_PTR RARRAY_PTR
+/** @endcond */
+
+enum ruby_rarray_flags {
+ RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG = RUBY_FL_USER1,
+ /* RUBY_FL_USER2 is for ELTS_SHARED */
+ RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK = RUBY_FL_USER4 | RUBY_FL_USER3
+#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+ ,
+ RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG = RUBY_FL_USER13
+#endif
+};
+
+enum ruby_rarray_consts {
+ RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT = RUBY_FL_USHIFT + 3,
+ RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX = RBIMPL_EMBED_LEN_MAX_OF(VALUE)
+};
+
+struct RArray {
+ struct RBasic basic;
+ union {
+ struct {
+ long len;
+ union {
+ long capa;
+#if defined(__clang__) /* <- clang++ is sane */ || \
+ !defined(__cplusplus) /* <- C99 is sane */ || \
+ (__cplusplus > 199711L) /* <- C++11 is sane */
+ const
+#endif
+ VALUE shared_root;
+ } aux;
+ const VALUE *ptr;
+ } heap;
+ const VALUE ary[RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX];
+ } as;
+};
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE *rb_ary_ptr_use_start(VALUE ary);
+void rb_ary_ptr_use_end(VALUE a);
+#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+void rb_ary_detransient(VALUE a);
+#endif
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline long
+RARRAY_EMBED_LEN(VALUE ary)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(ary, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ANY_RAW(ary, RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG));
+
+ VALUE f = RBASIC(ary)->flags;
+ f &= RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK;
+ f >>= RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT;
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((long)f);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+static inline long
+rb_array_len(VALUE a)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
+
+ if (RB_FL_ANY_RAW(a, RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG)) {
+ return RARRAY_EMBED_LEN(a);
+ }
+ else {
+ return RARRAY(a)->as.heap.len;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+RARRAY_LENINT(VALUE ary)
+{
+ return rb_long2int(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(VALUE ary)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(ary, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
+
+#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+ return RB_FL_ANY_RAW(ary, RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
+#else
+ return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+/* internal function. do not use this function */
+static inline const VALUE *
+rb_array_const_ptr_transient(VALUE a)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
+
+ if (RB_FL_ANY_RAW(a, RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG)) {
+ return FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR(RARRAY(a)->as.ary);
+ }
+ else {
+ return FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR(RARRAY(a)->as.heap.ptr);
+ }
+}
+
+#if ! USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+#endif
+/* internal function. do not use this function */
+static inline const VALUE *
+rb_array_const_ptr(VALUE a)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
+
+#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+ if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(a)) {
+ rb_ary_detransient(a);
+ }
+#endif
+ return rb_array_const_ptr_transient(a);
+}
+
+/* internal function. do not use this function */
+static inline VALUE *
+rb_array_ptr_use_start(VALUE a,
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+ int allow_transient)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
+
+#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
+ if (!allow_transient) {
+ if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(a)) {
+ rb_ary_detransient(a);
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return rb_ary_ptr_use_start(a);
+}
+
+/* internal function. do not use this function */
+static inline void
+rb_array_ptr_use_end(VALUE a,
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+ int allow_transient)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
+ rb_ary_ptr_use_end(a);
+}
+
+#define RBIMPL_RARRAY_STMT(flag, ary, var, expr) do { \
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE((ary), RUBY_T_ARRAY); \
+ const VALUE rbimpl_ary = (ary); \
+ VALUE *var = rb_array_ptr_use_start(rbimpl_ary, (flag)); \
+ expr; \
+ rb_array_ptr_use_end(rbimpl_ary, (flag)); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define RARRAY_PTR_USE_START(a) rb_array_ptr_use_start(a, 0)
+#define RARRAY_PTR_USE_END(a) rb_array_ptr_use_end(a, 0)
+#define RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr_name, expr) \
+ RBIMPL_RARRAY_STMT(0, ary, ptr_name, expr)
+
+#define RARRAY_PTR_USE_START_TRANSIENT(a) rb_array_ptr_use_start(a, 1)
+#define RARRAY_PTR_USE_END_TRANSIENT(a) rb_array_ptr_use_end(a, 1)
+#define RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr_name, expr) \
+ RBIMPL_RARRAY_STMT(1, ary, ptr_name, expr)
+
+static inline VALUE *
+RARRAY_PTR(VALUE ary)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(ary, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
+
+ VALUE tmp = RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT_FOR(ARRAY, ary);
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR(tmp));
+}
+
+static inline void
+RARRAY_ASET(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE v)
+{
+ RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr,
+ RB_OBJ_WRITE(ary, &ptr[i], v));
+}
+
+/*
+ * :FIXME: we want to convert RARRAY_AREF into an inline function (to add rooms
+ * for more sanity checks). However there were situations where the address of
+ * this macro is taken i.e. &RARRAY_AREF(...). They cannot be possible if this
+ * is not a macro. Such usages are abuse, and we eliminated them internally.
+ * However we are afraid of similar things to remain in the wild. This macro
+ * remains as it is due to that. If we could warn such usages we can set a
+ * transition path, but currently no way is found to do so.
+ */
+#define RARRAY_AREF(a, i) RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(a)[i]
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RARRAY_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a6093c047a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RBASIC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RBASIC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RBasic.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#define RBASIC(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RBasic *)(obj))
+#define RBASIC_CLASS RBASIC_CLASS
+#define RVALUE_EMBED_LEN_MAX RVALUE_EMBED_LEN_MAX
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RBIMPL_EMBED_LEN_MAX_OF(T) \
+ RBIMPL_CAST((int)(sizeof(VALUE[RVALUE_EMBED_LEN_MAX]) / (sizeof(T))))
+/** @endcond */
+
+enum ruby_rvalue_flags { RVALUE_EMBED_LEN_MAX = 3 };
+
+struct
+RUBY_ALIGNAS(SIZEOF_VALUE)
+RBasic {
+ VALUE flags; /**< @see enum ::ruby_fl_type. */
+ const VALUE klass;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+ public:
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+ /**
+ * We need to define this explicit constructor because the field `klass` is
+ * const-qualified above, which effectively defines the implicit default
+ * constructor as "deleted" (as of C++11) -- No way but to define one by
+ * ourselves.
+ */
+ RBasic() :
+ flags(RBIMPL_VALUE_NULL),
+ klass(RBIMPL_VALUE_NULL)
+ {
+ }
+#endif
+};
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_obj_hide(VALUE obj);
+VALUE rb_obj_reveal(VALUE obj, VALUE klass); /* do not use this API to change klass information */
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RBASIC_CLASS(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(! RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj));
+ return RBASIC(obj)->klass;
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RBASIC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..89db566501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RBIGNUM_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RBIGNUM_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Routines to manipulate struct ::RBignum.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+
+#define RBIGNUM_SIGN rb_big_sign
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RBIGNUM_POSITIVE_P RBIGNUM_POSITIVE_P
+#define RBIGNUM_NEGATIVE_P RBIGNUM_NEGATIVE_P
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+int rb_big_sign(VALUE num);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+static inline bool
+RBIGNUM_POSITIVE_P(VALUE b) {
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(b, RUBY_T_BIGNUM);
+ return RBIGNUM_SIGN(b);
+}
+
+static inline bool
+RBIGNUM_NEGATIVE_P(VALUE b) {
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(b, RUBY_T_BIGNUM);
+ return ! RBIGNUM_POSITIVE_P(b);
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RBIGNUM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0aa6b1290e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RCLASS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RCLASS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Routines to manipulate struct ::RClass.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+
+#define RMODULE_IS_OVERLAID RMODULE_IS_OVERLAID
+#define RMODULE_IS_REFINEMENT RMODULE_IS_REFINEMENT
+#define RMODULE_INCLUDED_INTO_REFINEMENT RMODULE_INCLUDED_INTO_REFINEMENT
+
+#define RCLASS(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RClass *)(obj))
+#define RMODULE RCLASS
+#define RCLASS_SUPER rb_class_get_superclass
+
+enum ruby_rmodule_flags {
+ RMODULE_IS_OVERLAID = RUBY_FL_USER2,
+ RMODULE_IS_REFINEMENT = RUBY_FL_USER3,
+ RMODULE_INCLUDED_INTO_REFINEMENT = RUBY_FL_USER4
+};
+
+struct RClass; /* Opaque, declared here for RCLASS() macro. */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_class_get_superclass(VALUE);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RCLASS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca44a931dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RDATA_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RDATA_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RData.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/warning.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/token_paste.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+#include "ruby/defines.h"
+
+#ifdef RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(RUBY_EXPORT)
+# define RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING 1
+#else
+# define RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING 0
+#endif
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(f) RBIMPL_CAST((void (*)(void *))(f))
+#define RBIMPL_ATTRSET_UNTYPED_DATA_FUNC() \
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_WARNING(("untyped Data is unsafe; use TypedData instead")) \
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("by TypedData"))
+/** @endcond */
+
+#define RDATA(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RData *)(obj))
+#define DATA_PTR(obj) RDATA(obj)->data
+#define RUBY_MACRO_SELECT RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE
+#define RUBY_DEFAULT_FREE RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(-1)
+#define RUBY_NEVER_FREE RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(0)
+#define RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_FUNC(f) f RBIMPL_ATTRSET_UNTYPED_DATA_FUNC()
+
+/*
+#define RUBY_DATA_FUNC(func) ((void (*)(void*))(func))
+*/
+typedef void (*RUBY_DATA_FUNC)(void*);
+
+struct RData {
+ struct RBasic basic;
+ RUBY_DATA_FUNC dmark;
+ RUBY_DATA_FUNC dfree;
+ void *data;
+};
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_data_object_wrap(VALUE klass, void *datap, RUBY_DATA_FUNC dmark, RUBY_DATA_FUNC dfree);
+VALUE rb_data_object_zalloc(VALUE klass, size_t size, RUBY_DATA_FUNC dmark, RUBY_DATA_FUNC dfree);
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cObject;
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#define Data_Wrap_Struct(klass, mark, free, sval) \
+ rb_data_object_wrap( \
+ (klass), \
+ (sval), \
+ RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(mark), \
+ RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(free))
+
+#define Data_Make_Struct0(result, klass, type, size, mark, free, sval) \
+ VALUE result = rb_data_object_zalloc( \
+ (klass), \
+ (size), \
+ RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(mark), \
+ RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(free)); \
+ (sval) = RBIMPL_CAST((type *)DATA_PTR(result)); \
+ RBIMPL_CAST(/*suppress unused variable warnings*/(void)(sval))
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STMT_AND_DECL_IN_EXPR
+#define Data_Make_Struct(klass, type, mark, free, sval) \
+ RB_GNUC_EXTENSION({ \
+ Data_Make_Struct0( \
+ data_struct_obj, \
+ klass, \
+ type, \
+ sizeof(type), \
+ mark, \
+ free, \
+ sval); \
+ data_struct_obj; \
+ })
+#else
+#define Data_Make_Struct(klass, type, mark, free, sval) \
+ rb_data_object_make( \
+ (klass), \
+ RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(mark), \
+ RBIMPL_DATA_FUNC(free), \
+ RBIMPL_CAST((void **)&(sval)), \
+ sizeof(type))
+#endif
+
+#define Data_Get_Struct(obj, type, sval) \
+ ((sval) = RBIMPL_CAST((type*)rb_data_object_get(obj)))
+
+RBIMPL_ATTRSET_UNTYPED_DATA_FUNC()
+static inline VALUE
+rb_data_object_wrap_warning(VALUE klass, void *ptr, RUBY_DATA_FUNC mark, RUBY_DATA_FUNC free)
+{
+ return rb_data_object_wrap(klass, ptr, mark, free);
+}
+
+static inline void *
+rb_data_object_get(VALUE obj)
+{
+ Check_Type(obj, RUBY_T_DATA);
+ return DATA_PTR(obj);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTRSET_UNTYPED_DATA_FUNC()
+static inline void *
+rb_data_object_get_warning(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return rb_data_object_get(obj);
+}
+
+#if defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR_CONSTANT_P)
+# define rb_data_object_wrap_warning(klass, ptr, mark, free) \
+ RB_GNUC_EXTENSION( \
+ __builtin_choose_expr( \
+ __builtin_constant_p(klass) && !(klass), \
+ rb_data_object_wrap(klass, ptr, mark, free), \
+ (rb_data_object_wrap_warning)(klass, ptr, mark, free)))
+#endif
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_data_object_make(VALUE klass, RUBY_DATA_FUNC mark_func, RUBY_DATA_FUNC free_func, void **datap, size_t size)
+{
+ Data_Make_Struct0(result, klass, void, size, mark_func, free_func, *datap);
+ return result;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("by: rb_data_object_wrap"))
+static inline VALUE
+rb_data_object_alloc(VALUE klass, void *data, RUBY_DATA_FUNC dmark, RUBY_DATA_FUNC dfree)
+{
+ return rb_data_object_wrap(klass, data, dmark, dfree);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("by: rb_cObject. Will be removed in 3.1."))
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+static inline VALUE
+rb_cData(void)
+{
+ return rb_cObject;
+}
+#define rb_cData rb_cData()
+
+#define rb_data_object_wrap_0 rb_data_object_wrap
+#define rb_data_object_wrap_1 rb_data_object_wrap_warning
+#define rb_data_object_wrap RUBY_MACRO_SELECT(rb_data_object_wrap_, RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING)
+#define rb_data_object_get_0 rb_data_object_get
+#define rb_data_object_get_1 rb_data_object_get_warning
+#define rb_data_object_get RUBY_MACRO_SELECT(rb_data_object_get_, RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING)
+#define rb_data_object_make_0 rb_data_object_make
+#define rb_data_object_make_1 rb_data_object_make_warning
+#define rb_data_object_make RUBY_MACRO_SELECT(rb_data_object_make_, RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING)
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RDATA_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..464625b2bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RFILE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RFILE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RFile.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+
+/* rb_io_t is in ruby/io.h. The header file has historically not been included
+ * into ruby/ruby.h. We follow that tradition. */
+struct rb_io_t;
+
+struct RFile {
+ struct RBasic basic;
+ struct rb_io_t *fptr;
+};
+
+#define RFILE(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RFile *)(obj))
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RFILE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bedf0af80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RHASH_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RHASH_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Routines to manipulate struct ::RHash.
+ *
+ * Shyouhei really suffered agnish over placement of macros in this file. They
+ * are half-brken. The situation (as of wriring) is:
+ *
+ * - #RHASH_TBL: works.
+ * - #RHASH_ITER_LEV: compile-time error.
+ * - #RHASH_IFNONE: compile-time error.
+ * - #RHASH_SIZE: works.
+ * - #RHASH_EMPTY_P: works.
+ * - #RHASH_SET_IFNONE: works (why... given you cannot query).
+ *
+ * Shyouhei stopped thinking. Let them be as is.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#if !defined RUBY_EXPORT && !defined RUBY_NO_OLD_COMPATIBILITY
+# include "ruby/backward.h"
+#endif
+
+#define RHASH_TBL(h) rb_hash_tbl(h, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define RHASH_ITER_LEV(h) rb_hash_iter_lev(h)
+#define RHASH_IFNONE(h) rb_hash_ifnone(h)
+#define RHASH_SIZE(h) rb_hash_size_num(h)
+#define RHASH_EMPTY_P(h) (RHASH_SIZE(h) == 0)
+#define RHASH_SET_IFNONE(h, ifnone) rb_hash_set_ifnone((VALUE)h, ifnone)
+
+struct st_table; /* in ruby/st.h */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+size_t rb_hash_size_num(VALUE hash);
+struct st_table *rb_hash_tbl(VALUE, const char *file, int line);
+VALUE rb_hash_set_ifnone(VALUE hash, VALUE ifnone);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RHASH_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03ab5e5d82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RMATCH_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RMATCH_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RMatch.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#define RMATCH(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RMatch *)(obj))
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RMATCH_REGS RMATCH_REGS
+/** @endcond */
+
+struct re_patter_buffer; /* a.k.a. OnigRegexType, defined in onigmo.h */
+struct re_registers; /* Also in onigmo.h */
+
+/* @shyouhei wonders: is anyone actively using this typedef ...? */
+typedef struct re_pattern_buffer Regexp;
+
+struct rmatch_offset {
+ long beg;
+ long end;
+};
+
+struct rmatch {
+ struct re_registers regs;
+
+ struct rmatch_offset *char_offset;
+ int char_offset_num_allocated;
+};
+
+struct RMatch {
+ struct RBasic basic;
+ VALUE str;
+ struct rmatch *rmatch;
+ VALUE regexp; /* RRegexp */
+};
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline struct re_registers *
+RMATCH_REGS(VALUE match)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(match, RUBY_T_MATCH);
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RMATCH(match)->rmatch != NULL);
+ return &RMATCH(match)->rmatch->regs;
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RMATCH_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/robject.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c352c87a40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ROBJECT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ROBJECT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RObject.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
+# include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+
+#define ROBJECT(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RObject *)(obj))
+#define ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX
+#define ROBJECT_EMBED ROBJECT_EMBED
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define ROBJECT_NUMIV ROBJECT_NUMIV
+#define ROBJECT_IVPTR ROBJECT_IVPTR
+#define ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL
+/** @endcond */
+
+enum ruby_robject_flags { ROBJECT_EMBED = RUBY_FL_USER1 };
+
+enum ruby_robject_consts { ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX = RBIMPL_EMBED_LEN_MAX_OF(VALUE) };
+
+struct st_table;
+
+struct RObject {
+ struct RBasic basic;
+ union {
+ struct {
+ uint32_t numiv;
+ VALUE *ivptr;
+ struct st_table *iv_index_tbl; /* shortcut for RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(rb_obj_class(obj)) */
+ } heap;
+ VALUE ary[ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX];
+ } as;
+};
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline uint32_t
+ROBJECT_NUMIV(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(obj, RUBY_T_OBJECT);
+
+ if (RB_FL_ANY_RAW(obj, ROBJECT_EMBED)) {
+ return ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX;
+ }
+ else {
+ return ROBJECT(obj)->as.heap.numiv;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE *
+ROBJECT_IVPTR(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(obj, RUBY_T_OBJECT);
+
+ struct RObject *const ptr = ROBJECT(obj);
+
+ if (RB_FL_ANY_RAW(obj, ROBJECT_EMBED)) {
+ return ptr->as.ary;
+ }
+ else {
+ return ptr->as.heap.ivptr;
+ }
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ROBJECT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f289ee1dda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RREGEXP_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RREGEXP_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RRegexp.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rstring.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+
+#define RREGEXP(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RRegexp *)(obj))
+#define RREGEXP_PTR(obj) (RREGEXP(obj)->ptr)
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RREGEXP_SRC RREGEXP_SRC
+#define RREGEXP_SRC_PTR RREGEXP_SRC_PTR
+#define RREGEXP_SRC_LEN RREGEXP_SRC_LEN
+#define RREGEXP_SRC_END RREGEXP_SRC_END
+/** @endcond */
+
+struct re_patter_buffer; /* a.k.a. OnigRegexType, defined in onigmo.h */
+
+struct RRegexp {
+ struct RBasic basic;
+ struct re_pattern_buffer *ptr;
+ const VALUE src;
+ unsigned long usecnt;
+};
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RREGEXP_SRC(VALUE rexp)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(rexp, RUBY_T_REGEXP);
+ VALUE ret = RREGEXP(rexp)->src;
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(ret, RUBY_T_STRING);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline char *
+RREGEXP_SRC_PTR(VALUE rexp)
+{
+ return RSTRING_PTR(RREGEXP_SRC(rexp));
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline long
+RREGEXP_SRC_LEN(VALUE rexp)
+{
+ return RSTRING_LEN(RREGEXP_SRC(rexp));
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline char *
+RREGEXP_SRC_END(VALUE rexp)
+{
+ return RSTRING_END(RREGEXP_SRC(rexp));
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RREGEXP_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d073da1d2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RSTRING_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RSTRING_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RString.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/warning_push.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#define RSTRING(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RString *)(obj))
+#define RSTRING_NOEMBED RSTRING_NOEMBED
+#define RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK
+#define RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT
+#define RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX
+#define RSTRING_FSTR RSTRING_FSTR
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RSTRING_EMBED_LEN RSTRING_EMBED_LEN
+#define RSTRING_LEN RSTRING_LEN
+#define RSTRING_LENINT RSTRING_LENINT
+#define RSTRING_PTR RSTRING_PTR
+#define RSTRING_END RSTRING_END
+/** @endcond */
+
+#define StringValue(v) rb_string_value(&(v))
+#define StringValuePtr(v) rb_string_value_ptr(&(v))
+#define StringValueCStr(v) rb_string_value_cstr(&(v))
+#define SafeStringValue(v) StringValue(v)
+#define ExportStringValue(v) do { \
+ StringValue(v); \
+ (v) = rb_str_export(v); \
+} while (0)
+
+enum ruby_rstring_flags {
+ RSTRING_NOEMBED = RUBY_FL_USER1,
+ RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK = RUBY_FL_USER2 | RUBY_FL_USER3 | RUBY_FL_USER4 |
+ RUBY_FL_USER5 | RUBY_FL_USER6,
+ /* Actually, string encodings are also encoded into the flags, using
+ * remaining bits.*/
+ RSTRING_FSTR = RUBY_FL_USER17
+};
+
+enum ruby_rstring_consts {
+ RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT = RUBY_FL_USHIFT + 2,
+ RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX = RBIMPL_EMBED_LEN_MAX_OF(char) - 1
+};
+
+struct RString {
+ struct RBasic basic;
+ union {
+ struct {
+ long len;
+ char *ptr;
+ union {
+ long capa;
+ VALUE shared;
+ } aux;
+ } heap;
+ char ary[RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX + 1];
+ } as;
+};
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_str_to_str(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_string_value(volatile VALUE*);
+char *rb_string_value_ptr(volatile VALUE*);
+char *rb_string_value_cstr(volatile VALUE*);
+VALUE rb_str_export(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_export_locale(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR(("rb_check_safe_str() and Check_SafeStr() are obsolete; use StringValue() instead"))
+void rb_check_safe_str(VALUE);
+#define Check_SafeStr(v) rb_check_safe_str(RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)(v)))
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline long
+RSTRING_EMBED_LEN(VALUE str)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(str, RUBY_T_STRING);
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(! RB_FL_ANY_RAW(str, RSTRING_NOEMBED));
+
+ VALUE f = RBASIC(str)->flags;
+ f &= RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK;
+ f >>= RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT;
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((long)f);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH()
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Intel)
+RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(413)
+#endif
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline struct RString
+rbimpl_rstring_getmem(VALUE str)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(str, RUBY_T_STRING);
+
+ if (RB_FL_ANY_RAW(str, RSTRING_NOEMBED)) {
+ return *RSTRING(str);
+ }
+ else {
+ /* Expecting compilers to optimize this on-stack struct away. */
+ struct RString retval;
+ retval.as.heap.len = RSTRING_EMBED_LEN(str);
+ retval.as.heap.ptr = RSTRING(str)->as.ary;
+ return retval;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline long
+RSTRING_LEN(VALUE str)
+{
+ return rbimpl_rstring_getmem(str).as.heap.len;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline char *
+RSTRING_PTR(VALUE str)
+{
+ char *ptr = rbimpl_rstring_getmem(str).as.heap.ptr;
+
+ if (RB_UNLIKELY(! ptr)) {
+ /* :BEWARE: @shyouhei thinks that currently, there are rooms for this
+ * function to return NULL. In the 20th century that was a pointless
+ * concern. However struct RString can hold fake strings nowadays. It
+ * seems no check against NULL are exercised around handling of them
+ * (one of such usages is located in marshal.c, which scares
+ * @shyouhei). Better check here for maximum safety.
+ *
+ * Also, this is not rb_warn() because RSTRING_PTR() can be called
+ * during GC (see what obj_info() does). rb_warn() needs to allocate
+ * Ruby objects. That is not possible at this moment. */
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s\n",
+ "RSTRING_PTR is returning NULL!! "
+ "SIGSEGV is highly expected to follow immediately. "
+ "If you could reproduce, attach your debugger here, "
+ "and look at the passed string."
+ );
+ }
+
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline char *
+RSTRING_END(VALUE str)
+{
+ struct RString buf = rbimpl_rstring_getmem(str);
+
+ if (RB_UNLIKELY(! buf.as.heap.ptr)) {
+ /* Ditto. */
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s\n",
+ "RSTRING_END is returning NULL!! "
+ "SIGSEGV is highly expected to follow immediately. "
+ "If you could reproduce, attach your debugger here, "
+ "and look at the passed string."
+ );
+ }
+
+ return &buf.as.heap.ptr[buf.as.heap.len];
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+RSTRING_LENINT(VALUE str)
+{
+ return rb_long2int(RSTRING_LEN(str));
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STMT_AND_DECL_IN_EXPR
+# define RSTRING_GETMEM(str, ptrvar, lenvar) \
+ __extension__ ({ \
+ struct RString rbimpl_str = rbimpl_rstring_getmem(str); \
+ (ptrvar) = rbimpl_str.as.heap.ptr; \
+ (lenvar) = rbimpl_str.as.heap.len; \
+ })
+#else
+# define RSTRING_GETMEM(str, ptrvar, lenvar) \
+ ((ptrvar) = RSTRING_PTR(str), \
+ (lenvar) = RSTRING_LEN(str))
+#endif /* HAVE_STMT_AND_DECL_IN_EXPR */
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RSTRING_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..17454f7cbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RSTRUCT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RSTRUCT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Routines to manipulate struct ::RStruct.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h"
+#if !defined RUBY_EXPORT && !defined RUBY_NO_OLD_COMPATIBILITY
+# include "ruby/backward.h"
+#endif
+
+#define RSTRUCT_PTR(st) rb_struct_ptr(st)
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RSTRUCT_LEN RSTRUCT_LEN
+#define RSTRUCT_SET RSTRUCT_SET
+#define RSTRUCT_GET RSTRUCT_GET
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_struct_size(VALUE s);
+VALUE rb_struct_aref(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_struct_aset(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline long
+RSTRUCT_LEN(VALUE st)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(st, RUBY_T_STRUCT);
+
+ return RB_NUM2LONG(rb_struct_size(st));
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RSTRUCT_SET(VALUE st, int k, VALUE v)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(st, RUBY_T_STRUCT);
+
+ return rb_struct_aset(st, INT2NUM(k), (v));
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RSTRUCT_GET(VALUE st, int k)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(st, RUBY_T_STRUCT);
+
+ return rb_struct_aref(st, INT2NUM(k));
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RSTRUCT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c038e6f2b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RTYPEDDATA_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RTYPEDDATA_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines struct ::RTypedData.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rdata.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/error.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+
+#define HAVE_TYPE_RB_DATA_TYPE_T 1
+#define HAVE_RB_DATA_TYPE_T_FUNCTION 1
+#define HAVE_RB_DATA_TYPE_T_PARENT 1
+#define RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE RUBY_DEFAULT_FREE
+#define RUBY_TYPED_NEVER_FREE RUBY_NEVER_FREE
+#define RTYPEDDATA(obj) RBIMPL_CAST((struct RTypedData *)(obj))
+#define RTYPEDDATA_DATA(v) (RTYPEDDATA(v)->data)
+#define Check_TypedStruct(v, t) \
+ rb_check_typeddata(RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)(v)), (t))
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RTYPEDDATA_P RTYPEDDATA_P
+#define RTYPEDDATA_TYPE RTYPEDDATA_TYPE
+#define RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+#define RUBY_TYPED_FROZEN_SHAREABLE RUBY_TYPED_FROZEN_SHAREABLE
+#define RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED
+#define RUBY_TYPED_PROMOTED1 RUBY_TYPED_PROMOTED1
+/** @endcond */
+
+/* bits for rb_data_type_struct::flags */
+enum rbimpl_typeddata_flags {
+ RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY = 1,
+ RUBY_TYPED_FROZEN_SHAREABLE = RUBY_FL_SHAREABLE,
+ RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED = RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED, /* THIS FLAG DEPENDS ON Ruby version */
+ RUBY_TYPED_PROMOTED1 = RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1 /* THIS FLAG DEPENDS ON Ruby version */
+};
+
+typedef struct rb_data_type_struct rb_data_type_t;
+
+struct rb_data_type_struct {
+ const char *wrap_struct_name;
+ struct {
+ RUBY_DATA_FUNC dmark;
+ RUBY_DATA_FUNC dfree;
+ size_t (*dsize)(const void *);
+ RUBY_DATA_FUNC dcompact;
+ void *reserved[1]; /* For future extension.
+ This array *must* be filled with ZERO. */
+ } function;
+ const rb_data_type_t *parent;
+ void *data; /* This area can be used for any purpose
+ by a programmer who define the type. */
+ VALUE flags; /* RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED */
+};
+
+struct RTypedData {
+ struct RBasic basic;
+ const rb_data_type_t *type;
+ VALUE typed_flag; /* 1 or not */
+ void *data;
+};
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_data_typed_object_wrap(VALUE klass, void *datap, const rb_data_type_t *);
+VALUE rb_data_typed_object_zalloc(VALUE klass, size_t size, const rb_data_type_t *type);
+int rb_typeddata_inherited_p(const rb_data_type_t *child, const rb_data_type_t *parent);
+int rb_typeddata_is_kind_of(VALUE obj, const rb_data_type_t *data_type);
+void *rb_check_typeddata(VALUE obj, const rb_data_type_t *data_type);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#define TypedData_Wrap_Struct(klass,data_type,sval)\
+ rb_data_typed_object_wrap((klass),(sval),(data_type))
+
+#define TypedData_Make_Struct0(result, klass, type, size, data_type, sval) \
+ VALUE result = rb_data_typed_object_zalloc(klass, size, data_type); \
+ (sval) = RBIMPL_CAST((type *)RTYPEDDATA_DATA(result)); \
+ RBIMPL_CAST(/*suppress unused variable warnings*/(void)(sval))
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STMT_AND_DECL_IN_EXPR
+#define TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, type, data_type, sval) \
+ RB_GNUC_EXTENSION({ \
+ TypedData_Make_Struct0( \
+ data_struct_obj, \
+ klass, \
+ type, \
+ sizeof(type), \
+ data_type, \
+ sval); \
+ data_struct_obj; \
+ })
+#else
+#define TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, type, data_type, sval) \
+ rb_data_typed_object_make( \
+ (klass), \
+ (data_type), \
+ RBIMPL_CAST((void **)&(sval)), \
+ sizeof(type))
+#endif
+
+#define TypedData_Get_Struct(obj,type,data_type,sval) \
+ ((sval) = RBIMPL_CAST((type *)rb_check_typeddata((obj), (data_type))))
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+rbimpl_rtypeddata_p(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return RTYPEDDATA(obj)->typed_flag == 1;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RTYPEDDATA_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+ if (RB_UNLIKELY(! RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_DATA))) {
+ Check_Type(obj, RUBY_T_DATA);
+ RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(false);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return rbimpl_rtypeddata_p(obj);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/* :TODO: can this function be __attribute__((returns_nonnull)) or not? */
+static inline const struct rb_data_type_struct *
+RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(VALUE obj)
+{
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+ if (RB_UNLIKELY(! RTYPEDDATA_P(obj))) {
+ rb_unexpected_type(obj, RUBY_T_DATA);
+ RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(NULL);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return RTYPEDDATA(obj)->type;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_data_typed_object_make(VALUE klass, const rb_data_type_t *type, void **datap, size_t size)
+{
+ TypedData_Make_Struct0(result, klass, void, size, type, *datap);
+ return result;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("by: rb_data_typed_object_wrap"))
+static inline VALUE
+rb_data_typed_object_alloc(VALUE klass, void *datap, const rb_data_type_t *type)
+{
+ return rb_data_typed_object_wrap(klass, datap, type);
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RTYPEDDATA_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/ctype.h b/include/ruby/internal/ctype.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aea3e0ca3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/ctype.h
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_CTYPE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_CTYPE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Our own, locale independent, character handling routines.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <ctype.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+#ifndef ISPRINT
+# define ISASCII rb_isascii
+# define ISPRINT rb_isprint
+# define ISGRAPH rb_isgraph
+# define ISSPACE rb_isspace
+# define ISUPPER rb_isupper
+# define ISLOWER rb_islower
+# define ISALNUM rb_isalnum
+# define ISALPHA rb_isalpha
+# define ISDIGIT rb_isdigit
+# define ISXDIGIT rb_isxdigit
+# define ISBLANK rb_isblank
+# define ISCNTRL rb_iscntrl
+# define ISPUNCT rb_ispunct
+#endif
+
+#define TOUPPER rb_toupper
+#define TOLOWER rb_tolower
+#define STRCASECMP st_locale_insensitive_strcasecmp
+#define STRNCASECMP st_locale_insensitive_strncasecmp
+#define STRTOUL ruby_strtoul
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+/* locale insensitive functions */
+int st_locale_insensitive_strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
+int st_locale_insensitive_strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
+unsigned long ruby_strtoul(const char *str, char **endptr, int base);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+/*
+ * We are making the functions below to return `int` instead of `bool`. They
+ * have been as such since their birth at 5f237d79033b2109afb768bc889611fa9630.
+ */
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isascii(int c)
+{
+ return '\0' <= c && c <= '\x7f';
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isupper(int c)
+{
+ return 'A' <= c && c <= 'Z';
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_islower(int c)
+{
+ return 'a' <= c && c <= 'z';
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isalpha(int c)
+{
+ return rb_isupper(c) || rb_islower(c);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isdigit(int c)
+{
+ return '0' <= c && c <= '9';
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isalnum(int c)
+{
+ return rb_isalpha(c) || rb_isdigit(c);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isxdigit(int c)
+{
+ return rb_isdigit(c) || ('A' <= c && c <= 'F') || ('a' <= c && c <= 'f');
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isblank(int c)
+{
+ return c == ' ' || c == '\t';
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isspace(int c)
+{
+ return c == ' ' || ('\t' <= c && c <= '\r');
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_iscntrl(int c)
+{
+ return ('\0' <= c && c < ' ') || c == '\x7f';
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isprint(int c)
+{
+ return ' ' <= c && c <= '\x7e';
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_ispunct(int c)
+{
+ return !rb_isalnum(c);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_isgraph(int c)
+{
+ return '!' <= c && c <= '\x7e';
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_tolower(int c)
+{
+ return rb_isupper(c) ? (c|0x20) : c;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline int
+rb_toupper(int c)
+{
+ return rb_islower(c) ? (c&0x5f) : c;
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_CTYPE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/dllexport.h b/include/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1488140854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_DLLEXPORT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_DLLEXPORT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Tewaking visibility of C variables/functions.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is.h"
+
+/* For MinGW, we need __declspec(dllimport) for RUBY_EXTERN on MJIT.
+ mswin's RUBY_EXTERN already has that. See also: win32/Makefile.sub */
+#undef RUBY_EXTERN
+#if defined(MJIT_HEADER) && defined(_WIN32)
+# define RUBY_EXTERN extern __declspec(dllimport)
+#elif defined(RUBY_EXPORT)
+# define RUBY_EXTERN extern
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+# define RUBY_EXTERN extern __declspec(dllimport)
+#else
+# define RUBY_EXTERN extern
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+# define RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN /* begin */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+# define RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END /* end */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED
+# define RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED /* void */
+#endif
+
+/* These macros are used for functions which are exported only for MJIT
+ and NOT ensured to be exported in future versions. */
+
+#if ! defined(MJIT_HEADER)
+# define MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED
+#elif ! RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(MSVC)
+# define MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED
+#else
+# define MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED static
+#endif
+
+#define MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+#define MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+/* On mswin, MJIT header transformation can't be used since cl.exe can't output
+ preprocessed output preserving macros. So this `MJIT_STATIC` is needed
+ to force non-static function to static on MJIT header to avoid symbol conflict. */
+#ifdef MJIT_HEADER
+# define MJIT_STATIC static
+#else
+# define MJIT_STATIC
+#endif
+
+/** Shortcut macro equivalent to `RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN extern "C" {`.
+ * \@shyouhei finds it handy. */
+#if defined(__DOXYGEN__)
+# define RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN() /* void */
+#elif defined(__cplusplus)
+# define RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN() RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN extern "C" {
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN() RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+#endif
+
+/** Counterpart of #RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN */
+#if defined(__DOXYGEN__)
+# define RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END() /* void */
+#elif defined(__cplusplus)
+# define RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END() } RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END() RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+#endif
+#endif /* RBIMPL_DLLEXPORT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/dosish.h b/include/ruby/internal/dosish.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb71e36505
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/dosish.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_DOSISH_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_DOSISH_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Support for so-called dosish systems.
+ */
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+#undef _WIN32
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+/*
+ DOSISH mean MS-Windows style filesystem.
+ But you should use more precise macros like DOSISH_DRIVE_LETTER, PATH_SEP,
+ ENV_IGNORECASE or CASEFOLD_FILESYSTEM.
+ */
+#define DOSISH 1
+# define DOSISH_DRIVE_LETTER
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include "ruby/win32.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(DOSISH)
+#define PATH_SEP ";"
+#else
+#define PATH_SEP ":"
+#endif
+
+#define PATH_SEP_CHAR PATH_SEP[0]
+
+#define PATH_ENV "PATH"
+
+#if defined(DOSISH)
+#define ENV_IGNORECASE
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CASEFOLD_FILESYSTEM
+# if defined DOSISH
+# define CASEFOLD_FILESYSTEM 1
+# else
+# define CASEFOLD_FILESYSTEM 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_DOSISH_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/error.h b/include/ruby/internal/error.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7e9d5c4167
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ERROR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ERROR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Declares ::rb_raise().
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/attributes.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+VALUE rb_errinfo(void);
+void rb_set_errinfo(VALUE);
+
+typedef enum {
+ RB_WARN_CATEGORY_NONE,
+ RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED,
+ RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL,
+ RB_WARN_CATEGORY_ALL_BITS = 0x6 /* no RB_WARN_CATEGORY_NONE bit */
+} rb_warning_category_t;
+
+/* for rb_readwrite_sys_fail first argument */
+enum rb_io_wait_readwrite {RB_IO_WAIT_READABLE, RB_IO_WAIT_WRITABLE};
+#define RB_IO_WAIT_READABLE RB_IO_WAIT_READABLE
+#define RB_IO_WAIT_WRITABLE RB_IO_WAIT_WRITABLE
+
+PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_raise(VALUE, const char*, ...)), 2, 3);
+PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_fatal(const char*, ...)), 1, 2);
+COLDFUNC PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_bug(const char*, ...)), 1, 2);
+NORETURN(void rb_bug_errno(const char*, int));
+NORETURN(void rb_sys_fail(const char*));
+NORETURN(void rb_sys_fail_str(VALUE));
+NORETURN(void rb_mod_sys_fail(VALUE, const char*));
+NORETURN(void rb_mod_sys_fail_str(VALUE, VALUE));
+NORETURN(void rb_readwrite_sys_fail(enum rb_io_wait_readwrite, const char*));
+NORETURN(void rb_iter_break(void));
+NORETURN(void rb_iter_break_value(VALUE));
+NORETURN(void rb_exit(int));
+NORETURN(void rb_notimplement(void));
+VALUE rb_syserr_new(int, const char *);
+VALUE rb_syserr_new_str(int n, VALUE arg);
+NORETURN(void rb_syserr_fail(int, const char*));
+NORETURN(void rb_syserr_fail_str(int, VALUE));
+NORETURN(void rb_mod_syserr_fail(VALUE, int, const char*));
+NORETURN(void rb_mod_syserr_fail_str(VALUE, int, VALUE));
+NORETURN(void rb_readwrite_syserr_fail(enum rb_io_wait_readwrite, int, const char*));
+NORETURN(void rb_unexpected_type(VALUE,int));
+
+VALUE *rb_ruby_verbose_ptr(void);
+VALUE *rb_ruby_debug_ptr(void);
+#define ruby_verbose (*rb_ruby_verbose_ptr())
+#define ruby_debug (*rb_ruby_debug_ptr())
+
+/* reports if `-W' specified */
+PRINTF_ARGS(void rb_warning(const char*, ...), 1, 2);
+PRINTF_ARGS(void rb_category_warning(rb_warning_category_t, const char*, ...), 2, 3);
+PRINTF_ARGS(void rb_compile_warning(const char *, int, const char*, ...), 3, 4);
+PRINTF_ARGS(void rb_category_compile_warn(rb_warning_category_t, const char *, int, const char*, ...), 4, 5);
+PRINTF_ARGS(void rb_sys_warning(const char*, ...), 1, 2);
+/* reports always */
+COLDFUNC PRINTF_ARGS(void rb_warn(const char*, ...), 1, 2);
+COLDFUNC PRINTF_ARGS(void rb_category_warn(rb_warning_category_t, const char*, ...), 2, 3);
+PRINTF_ARGS(void rb_compile_warn(const char *, int, const char*, ...), 3, 4);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ERROR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/eval.h b/include/ruby/internal/eval.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..934611fbb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/eval.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_EVAL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_EVAL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Declares ::rb_eval_string().
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+VALUE rb_eval_string(const char*);
+VALUE rb_eval_string_protect(const char*, int*);
+VALUE rb_eval_string_wrap(const char*, int*);
+VALUE rb_funcall(VALUE, ID, int, ...);
+VALUE rb_funcallv(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*);
+VALUE rb_funcallv_kw(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*, int);
+VALUE rb_funcallv_public(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*);
+VALUE rb_funcallv_public_kw(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*, int);
+#define rb_funcall2 rb_funcallv
+#define rb_funcall3 rb_funcallv_public
+VALUE rb_funcall_passing_block(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*);
+VALUE rb_funcall_passing_block_kw(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*, int);
+VALUE rb_funcall_with_block(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_funcall_with_block_kw(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*, VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_call_super(int, const VALUE*);
+VALUE rb_call_super_kw(int, const VALUE*, int);
+VALUE rb_current_receiver(void);
+int rb_get_kwargs(VALUE keyword_hash, const ID *table, int required, int optional, VALUE *);
+VALUE rb_extract_keywords(VALUE *orighash);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_EVAL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/event.h b/include/ruby/internal/event.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f20e01dc01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/event.h
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_EVENT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_EVENT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Debugging and tracing APIs.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* traditional set_trace_func events */
+#define RUBY_EVENT_NONE 0x0000
+#define RUBY_EVENT_LINE 0x0001
+#define RUBY_EVENT_CLASS 0x0002
+#define RUBY_EVENT_END 0x0004
+#define RUBY_EVENT_CALL 0x0008
+#define RUBY_EVENT_RETURN 0x0010
+#define RUBY_EVENT_C_CALL 0x0020
+#define RUBY_EVENT_C_RETURN 0x0040
+#define RUBY_EVENT_RAISE 0x0080
+#define RUBY_EVENT_ALL 0x00ff
+
+/* for TracePoint extended events */
+#define RUBY_EVENT_B_CALL 0x0100
+#define RUBY_EVENT_B_RETURN 0x0200
+#define RUBY_EVENT_THREAD_BEGIN 0x0400
+#define RUBY_EVENT_THREAD_END 0x0800
+#define RUBY_EVENT_FIBER_SWITCH 0x1000
+#define RUBY_EVENT_SCRIPT_COMPILED 0x2000
+#define RUBY_EVENT_TRACEPOINT_ALL 0xffff
+
+/* special events */
+#define RUBY_EVENT_RESERVED_FOR_INTERNAL_USE 0x030000
+
+/* internal events */
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_SWITCH 0x040000
+#define RUBY_EVENT_SWITCH 0x040000 /* obsolete name. this macro is for compatibility */
+ /* 0x080000 */
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_NEWOBJ 0x100000
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_FREEOBJ 0x200000
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_START 0x400000
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_END_MARK 0x800000
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_END_SWEEP 0x1000000
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_ENTER 0x2000000
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_EXIT 0x4000000
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_OBJSPACE_MASK 0x7f00000
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_MASK 0xffff0000
+
+typedef uint32_t rb_event_flag_t;
+typedef void (*rb_event_hook_func_t)(rb_event_flag_t evflag, VALUE data, VALUE self, ID mid, VALUE klass);
+
+#define RB_EVENT_HOOKS_HAVE_CALLBACK_DATA 1
+void rb_add_event_hook(rb_event_hook_func_t func, rb_event_flag_t events, VALUE data);
+int rb_remove_event_hook(rb_event_hook_func_t func);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_EVENT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/fl_type.h b/include/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..455448fe8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_FL_TYPE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_FL_TYPE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines enum ::ruby_fl_type.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h" /* for ENUM_OVER_INT */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+#include "ruby/defines.h"
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#ifdef ENUM_OVER_INT
+# define RBIMPL_WIDER_ENUM 1
+#elif SIZEOF_INT * CHAR_BIT > 12+19+1
+# define RBIMPL_WIDER_ENUM 1
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_WIDER_ENUM 0
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+#define FL_SINGLETON RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_SINGLETON)
+#define FL_WB_PROTECTED RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED)
+#define FL_PROMOTED0 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0)
+#define FL_PROMOTED1 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1)
+#define FL_FINALIZE RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_FINALIZE)
+#define FL_TAINT RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_TAINT)
+#define FL_SHAREABLE RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_SHAREABLE)
+#define FL_UNTRUSTED RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_UNTRUSTED)
+#define FL_SEEN_OBJ_ID RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_SEEN_OBJ_ID)
+#define FL_EXIVAR RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_EXIVAR)
+#define FL_FREEZE RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_FREEZE)
+
+#define FL_USHIFT RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USHIFT)
+
+#define FL_USER0 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER0)
+#define FL_USER1 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER1)
+#define FL_USER2 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER2)
+#define FL_USER3 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER3)
+#define FL_USER4 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER4)
+#define FL_USER5 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER5)
+#define FL_USER6 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER6)
+#define FL_USER7 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER7)
+#define FL_USER8 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER8)
+#define FL_USER9 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER9)
+#define FL_USER10 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER10)
+#define FL_USER11 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER11)
+#define FL_USER12 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER12)
+#define FL_USER13 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER13)
+#define FL_USER14 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER14)
+#define FL_USER15 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER15)
+#define FL_USER16 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER16)
+#define FL_USER17 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER17)
+#define FL_USER18 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_USER18)
+#define FL_USER19 RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)(unsigned int)RUBY_FL_USER19)
+
+#define ELTS_SHARED RUBY_ELTS_SHARED
+#define RUBY_ELTS_SHARED RUBY_ELTS_SHARED
+#define RB_OBJ_FREEZE rb_obj_freeze_inline
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RB_FL_ABLE RB_FL_ABLE
+#define RB_FL_ALL RB_FL_ALL
+#define RB_FL_ALL_RAW RB_FL_ALL_RAW
+#define RB_FL_ANY RB_FL_ANY
+#define RB_FL_ANY_RAW RB_FL_ANY_RAW
+#define RB_FL_REVERSE RB_FL_REVERSE
+#define RB_FL_REVERSE_RAW RB_FL_REVERSE_RAW
+#define RB_FL_SET RB_FL_SET
+#define RB_FL_SET_RAW RB_FL_SET_RAW
+#define RB_FL_TEST RB_FL_TEST
+#define RB_FL_TEST_RAW RB_FL_TEST_RAW
+#define RB_FL_UNSET RB_FL_UNSET
+#define RB_FL_UNSET_RAW RB_FL_UNSET_RAW
+#define RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW
+#define RB_OBJ_FROZEN RB_OBJ_FROZEN
+#define RB_OBJ_FROZEN_RAW RB_OBJ_FROZEN_RAW
+#define RB_OBJ_INFECT RB_OBJ_INFECT
+#define RB_OBJ_INFECT_RAW RB_OBJ_INFECT_RAW
+#define RB_OBJ_TAINT RB_OBJ_TAINT
+#define RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE
+#define RB_OBJ_TAINTED RB_OBJ_TAINTED
+#define RB_OBJ_TAINTED_RAW RB_OBJ_TAINTED_RAW
+#define RB_OBJ_TAINT_RAW RB_OBJ_TAINT_RAW
+#define RB_OBJ_UNTRUST RB_OBJ_UNTRUST
+#define RB_OBJ_UNTRUSTED RB_OBJ_UNTRUSTED
+/** @endcond */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup deprecated_macros deprecated macro APIs
+ * @{
+ * These macros are deprecated. Prefer their `RB_`-prefixed versions.
+ */
+#define FL_ABLE RB_FL_ABLE
+#define FL_ALL RB_FL_ALL
+#define FL_ALL_RAW RB_FL_ALL_RAW
+#define FL_ANY RB_FL_ANY
+#define FL_ANY_RAW RB_FL_ANY_RAW
+#define FL_REVERSE RB_FL_REVERSE
+#define FL_REVERSE_RAW RB_FL_REVERSE_RAW
+#define FL_SET RB_FL_SET
+#define FL_SET_RAW RB_FL_SET_RAW
+#define FL_TEST RB_FL_TEST
+#define FL_TEST_RAW RB_FL_TEST_RAW
+#define FL_UNSET RB_FL_UNSET
+#define FL_UNSET_RAW RB_FL_UNSET_RAW
+#define OBJ_FREEZE RB_OBJ_FREEZE
+#define OBJ_FREEZE_RAW RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW
+#define OBJ_FROZEN RB_OBJ_FROZEN
+#define OBJ_FROZEN_RAW RB_OBJ_FROZEN_RAW
+#define OBJ_INFECT RB_OBJ_INFECT
+#define OBJ_INFECT_RAW RB_OBJ_INFECT_RAW
+#define OBJ_TAINT RB_OBJ_TAINT
+#define OBJ_TAINTABLE RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE
+#define OBJ_TAINTED RB_OBJ_TAINTED
+#define OBJ_TAINTED_RAW RB_OBJ_TAINTED_RAW
+#define OBJ_TAINT_RAW RB_OBJ_TAINT_RAW
+#define OBJ_UNTRUST RB_OBJ_UNTRUST
+#define OBJ_UNTRUSTED RB_OBJ_UNTRUSTED
+/** @} */
+
+/* This is an enum because GDB wants it (rather than a macro) */
+enum ruby_fl_ushift { RUBY_FL_USHIFT = 12 };
+
+/* > The expression that defines the value of an enumeration constant shall be
+ * > an integer constant expression that has a value representable as an `int`.
+ *
+ * -- ISO/IEC 9899:2018 section 6.7.2.2
+ *
+ * So ENUM_OVER_INT situation is an extension to the standard. Note however
+ * that we do not support 16 bit `int` environment. */
+RB_GNUC_EXTENSION
+enum
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FLAG_ENUM()
+ruby_fl_type {
+ RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED = (1<<5),
+ RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0 = (1<<5),
+ RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1 = (1<<6),
+ RUBY_FL_PROMOTED = RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0 | RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1,
+ RUBY_FL_FINALIZE = (1<<7),
+ RUBY_FL_TAINT = (1<<8),
+ RUBY_FL_SHAREABLE = (1<<8),
+ RUBY_FL_UNTRUSTED = RUBY_FL_TAINT,
+ RUBY_FL_SEEN_OBJ_ID = (1<<9),
+ RUBY_FL_EXIVAR = (1<<10),
+ RUBY_FL_FREEZE = (1<<11),
+
+#define RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(n) RUBY_FL_USER##n = (1<<(RUBY_FL_USHIFT+n))
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(0),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(1),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(2),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(3),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(4),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(5),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(6),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(7),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(8),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(9),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(10),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(11),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(12),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(13),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(14),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(15),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(16),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(17),
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(18),
+#if ENUM_OVER_INT
+ RBIMPL_FL_USER_N(19),
+#else
+# define RUBY_FL_USER19 (RBIMPL_VALUE_ONE<<(RUBY_FL_USHIFT+19))
+#endif
+#undef RBIMPL_FL_USER_N
+#undef RBIMPL_WIDER_ENUM
+
+ RUBY_ELTS_SHARED = RUBY_FL_USER2,
+ RUBY_FL_SINGLETON = RUBY_FL_USER0,
+};
+
+enum { RUBY_FL_DUPPED = RUBY_T_MASK | RUBY_FL_EXIVAR | RUBY_FL_TAINT };
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+void rb_obj_infect(VALUE victim, VALUE carrier);
+void rb_freeze_singleton_class(VALUE klass);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static bool
+RB_FL_ABLE(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else if (RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_NODE)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else {
+ return true;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RB_FL_TEST_RAW(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ABLE(obj));
+ return RBASIC(obj)->flags & flags;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RB_FL_TEST(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ if (RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
+ return RB_FL_TEST_RAW(obj, flags);
+ }
+ else {
+ return RBIMPL_VALUE_NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_FL_ANY_RAW(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ return RB_FL_TEST_RAW(obj, flags);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_FL_ANY(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ return RB_FL_TEST(obj, flags);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_FL_ALL_RAW(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ return RB_FL_TEST_RAW(obj, flags) == flags;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_FL_ALL(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ return RB_FL_TEST(obj, flags) == flags;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+rbimpl_fl_set_raw_raw(struct RBasic *obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ obj->flags |= flags;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_FL_SET_RAW(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ABLE(obj));
+ rbimpl_fl_set_raw_raw(RBASIC(obj), flags);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_FL_SET(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ if (RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
+ RB_FL_SET_RAW(obj, flags);
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+rbimpl_fl_unset_raw_raw(struct RBasic *obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ obj->flags &= ~flags;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_FL_UNSET_RAW(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ABLE(obj));
+ rbimpl_fl_unset_raw_raw(RBASIC(obj), flags);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_FL_UNSET(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ if (RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
+ RB_FL_UNSET_RAW(obj, flags);
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+rbimpl_fl_reverse_raw_raw(struct RBasic *obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ obj->flags ^= flags;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_FL_REVERSE_RAW(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ABLE(obj));
+ rbimpl_fl_reverse_raw_raw(RBASIC(obj), flags);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_FL_REVERSE(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
+{
+ if (RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
+ RB_FL_REVERSE_RAW(obj, flags);
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (! RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else if (RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_BIGNUM)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else if (RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_FLOAT)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else {
+ return true;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline VALUE
+RB_OBJ_TAINTED_RAW(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return RB_FL_TEST_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_TAINT);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_OBJ_TAINTED(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return RB_FL_ANY(obj, RUBY_FL_TAINT);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_OBJ_TAINT_RAW(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RB_FL_SET_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_TAINT);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_OBJ_TAINT(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE(obj)) {
+ RB_OBJ_TAINT_RAW(obj);
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_OBJ_INFECT_RAW(VALUE dst, VALUE src)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE(dst));
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ABLE(src));
+ RB_FL_SET_RAW(dst, RB_OBJ_TAINTED_RAW(src));
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_OBJ_INFECT(VALUE dst, VALUE src)
+{
+ if (RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE(dst) && RB_FL_ABLE(src)) {
+ RB_OBJ_INFECT_RAW(dst, src);
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/* It is intentional not to return bool here. There is a place in ruby core
+ * (namely class.c:singleton_class_of()) where return value of this function is
+ * verbatimly passed to RB_FL_SET_RAW. */
+static inline VALUE
+RB_OBJ_FROZEN_RAW(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return RB_FL_TEST_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_FREEZE);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_OBJ_FROZEN(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (! RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ else {
+ return RB_OBJ_FROZEN_RAW(obj);
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RB_FL_SET_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_FREEZE);
+}
+
+static inline void
+rb_obj_freeze_inline(VALUE x)
+{
+ if (RB_FL_ABLE(x)) {
+ RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW(x);
+ if (RBASIC_CLASS(x) && !(RBASIC(x)->flags & RUBY_FL_SINGLETON)) {
+ rb_freeze_singleton_class(x);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_FL_TYPE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/gc.h b/include/ruby/internal/gc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d94f8a3736
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/gc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_GC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_GC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Registering values to the GC.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/**
+ * Inform the garbage collector that `valptr` points to a live Ruby object that
+ * should not be moved. Note that extensions should use this API on global
+ * constants instead of assuming constants defined in Ruby are always alive.
+ * Ruby code can remove global constants.
+ */
+void rb_gc_register_address(VALUE *valptr);
+
+/**
+ * An alias for `rb_gc_register_address()`.
+ */
+void rb_global_variable(VALUE *);
+
+/**
+ * Inform the garbage collector that a pointer previously passed to
+ * `rb_gc_register_address()` no longer points to a live Ruby object.
+ */
+void rb_gc_unregister_address(VALUE *valptr);
+
+/**
+ * Inform the garbage collector that `object` is a live Ruby object that should
+ * not be moved.
+ *
+ * See also: rb_gc_register_address()
+ */
+void rb_gc_register_mark_object(VALUE object);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_GC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/glob.h b/include/ruby/internal/glob.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b78bb75b88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/glob.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_GLOB_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_GLOB_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Declares ::rb_glob().
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+typedef int ruby_glob_func(const char*,VALUE, void*);
+void rb_glob(const char*,void(*)(const char*,VALUE,void*),VALUE);
+int ruby_glob(const char*,int,ruby_glob_func*,VALUE);
+int ruby_brace_glob(const char*,int,ruby_glob_func*,VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_GLOB_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/globals.h b/include/ruby/internal/globals.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ddd731349e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/globals.h
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_GLOBALS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_GLOBALS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Ruby-level global variables / constants, visible from C.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+#define RUBY_INTEGER_UNIFICATION 1
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mKernel;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mComparable;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mEnumerable;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mErrno;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mFileTest;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mGC;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mMath;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mProcess;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mWaitReadable;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_mWaitWritable;
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cBasicObject;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cObject;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cArray;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cBinding;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cClass;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cDir;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cEncoding;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cEnumerator;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cFalseClass;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cFile;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cComplex;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cFloat;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cHash;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cIO;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cInteger;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cMatch;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cMethod;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cModule;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cNameErrorMesg;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cNilClass;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cNumeric;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cProc;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cRandom;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cRange;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cRational;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cRegexp;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cStat;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cString;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cStruct;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cSymbol;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cThread;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cTime;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cTrueClass;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cUnboundMethod;
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eException;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eStandardError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eSystemExit;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eInterrupt;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eSignal;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eFatal;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eArgError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eEOFError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eIndexError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eStopIteration;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eKeyError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eRangeError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eIOError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eRuntimeError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eFrozenError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eSecurityError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eSystemCallError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eThreadError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eTypeError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eZeroDivError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eNotImpError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eNoMemError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eNoMethodError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eFloatDomainError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eLocalJumpError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eSysStackError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eRegexpError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eEncodingError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eEncCompatError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eNoMatchingPatternError;
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eScriptError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eNameError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eSyntaxError;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eLoadError;
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eMathDomainError;
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_stdin, rb_stdout, rb_stderr;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+static inline VALUE
+rb_class_of(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (! RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+ return RBASIC_CLASS(obj);
+ }
+ else if (obj == RUBY_Qfalse) {
+ return rb_cFalseClass;
+ }
+ else if (obj == RUBY_Qnil) {
+ return rb_cNilClass;
+ }
+ else if (obj == RUBY_Qtrue) {
+ return rb_cTrueClass;
+ }
+ else if (RB_FIXNUM_P(obj)) {
+ return rb_cInteger;
+ }
+ else if (RB_STATIC_SYM_P(obj)) {
+ return rb_cSymbol;
+ }
+ else if (RB_FLONUM_P(obj)) {
+ return rb_cFloat;
+ }
+
+#if !RUBY_DEBUG
+ RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qfalse);
+#else
+ RUBY_ASSERT_FAIL("unexpected type");
+#endif
+}
+
+#define CLASS_OF rb_class_of
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_GLOBALS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..512f061dc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/token_paste.h"
+
+#if defined(__has_attribute)
+# if __has_attribute(pure) || RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(GCC)
+# /* FreeBSD's <sys/cdefs.h> defines its own *broken* version of
+# * __has_attribute. Cygwin copied that content to be a victim of the
+# * broken-ness. We don't take them into account. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAVE___HAS_ATTRIBUTE 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_attribute`. */
+#if defined(RBIMPL_HAVE___HAS_ATTRIBUTE)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(_) __has_attribute(_)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(GCC)
+# /* GCC <= 4 lack __has_attribute predefined macro, while have attributes
+# * themselves. We can simulate the macro like the following: */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(_) RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_, _)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_aligned RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_alloc_size RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_artificial RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_always_inline RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 1, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_cdecl RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_cold RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_const RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 2, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_deprecated RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 1, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_dllexport RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_dllimport RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_error RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_format RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_hot RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_leaf RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_malloc RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_no_address_safety_analysis RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 8, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_no_sanitize_address RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 8, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_no_sanitize_undefined RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_noinline RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 1, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_nonnull RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_noreturn RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 2, 5, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_nothrow RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_pure RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 2,96, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_returns_nonnull RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_returns_twice RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 1, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_stdcall RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_unused RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_visibility RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_warn_unused_result RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 4, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_warning RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_weak RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# /* Note that "0, 0, 0" might be inaccurate. */
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(SunPro)
+# /* Oracle Solaris Studio 12.4 (cc version 5.11) introduced __has_attribute.
+# * Before that, following attributes were available. */
+# /* See https://docs.oracle.com/cd/F24633_01/index.html */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(_) RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_, _)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_alias RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_aligned RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_always_inline RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_const RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_constructor RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_destructor RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_malloc RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_noinline RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_noreturn RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_packed RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_pure RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_returns_twice RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_vector_size RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_visibility RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_weak RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(SunPro, 5, 9, 0)
+
+#elif defined (_MSC_VER)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(_) 0
+# /* Fallback below doesn't work: see win32/Makefile.sub */
+
+#else
+# /* Take config.h definition when available. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(_) (RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_, _)+0)
+# ifdef ALWAYS_INLINE
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_always_inline 1
+# endif
+# ifdef FUNC_CDECL
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_cdecl 1
+# endif
+# ifdef CONSTFUNC
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_const 1
+# endif
+# ifdef DEPRECATED
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_deprecated 1
+# endif
+# ifdef ERRORFUNC
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_error 1
+# endif
+# ifdef FUNC_FASTCALL
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_fastcall 1
+# endif
+# ifdef PUREFUNC
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_pure 1
+# endif
+# ifdef NO_ADDRESS_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_no_address_safety_analysis 1
+# endif
+# ifdef NO_SANITIZE
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_no_sanitize 1
+# endif
+# ifdef NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_no_sanitize_address 1
+# endif
+# ifdef NOINLINE
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_noinline 1
+# endif
+# ifdef RBIMPL_FUNC_NONNULL
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_nonnull 1
+# endif
+# ifdef NORETURN
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_noreturn 1
+# endif
+# ifdef FUNC_OPTIMIZED
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_optimize 1
+# endif
+# ifdef FUNC_STDCALL
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_stdcall 1
+# endif
+# ifdef MAYBE_UNUSED
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_unused 1
+# endif
+# ifdef WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_warn_unused_result 1
+# endif
+# ifdef WARNINGFUNC
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_warning 1
+# endif
+# ifdef WEAK
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_weak 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..18cfc69e19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/token_paste.h"
+
+#if defined(__has_builtin)
+# if RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Intel)
+# /* :TODO: Intel C Compiler has __has_builtin (since 19.1 maybe?), and is
+# * reportedly broken. We have to skip them. However the situation can
+# * change. They might improve someday. We need to revisit here later. */
+# elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(GCC) && ! __has_builtin(__builtin_alloca)
+# /* FreeBSD's <sys/cdefs.h> defines its own *broken* version of
+# * __has_builtin. Cygwin copied that content to be a victim of the
+# * broken-ness. We don't take them into account. */
+# else
+# define RBIMPL_HAVE___HAS_BUILTIN 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_builtin`. */
+#if defined(RBIMPL_HAVE___HAS_BUILTIN)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(_) __has_builtin(_)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(GCC)
+# /* :FIXME: Historically GCC has had tons of builtins, but it implemented
+# * __has_builtin only since GCC 10. This section can be made more
+# * granular. */
+# /* https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=66970 */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(_) RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN_, _)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_add_overflow RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 5, 1, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_alloca RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 0, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_alloca_with_align RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 6, 1, 0)
+# /* See http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52624 for bswap16. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_bswap16 RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 8, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_bswap32 RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_bswap64 RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_clz RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_clzl RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_clzll RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_constant_p RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 2,95, 3)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_ctz RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_ctzl RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_ctzll RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_expect RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_mul_overflow RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 5, 1, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_mul_overflow_p RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 7, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_popcount RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_popcountl RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_popcountll RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 3, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_sub_overflow RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 5, 1, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_unreachable RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 5, 0)
+# /* Note that "0, 0, 0" might be inaccurate. */
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(MSVC)
+# /* MSVC has UNREACHABLE, but that is not __builtin_unreachable. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(_) 0
+
+#else
+# /* Take config.h definition when available */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(_) (RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN_, _)+0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_add_overflow HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_ADD_OVERFLOW
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_alloca_with_align HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_ALLOCA_WITH_ALIGN
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_assume_aligned HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_ASSUME_ALIGNED
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_bswap16 HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_BSWAP16
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_bswap32 HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_BSWAP32
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_bswap64 HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_BSWAP64
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_clz HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CLZ
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_clzl HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CLZL
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_clzll HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CLZLL
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_constant_p HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_ctz HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CTZ
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_ctzll HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CTZLL
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_expect HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_EXPECT
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_mul_overflow HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_MUL_OVERFLOW
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_mul_overflow_p HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_MUL_OVERFLOW_P
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_popcount HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_popcountll HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_POPCOUNTLL
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_sub_overflow HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_SUB_OVERFLOW
+# if defined(UNREACHABLE)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN___builtin_unreachable 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b7eb94d22a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE.
+ */
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_c_attribute`. */
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+# /* Makes no sense. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(_) 0
+
+#elif defined(__has_c_attribute)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(_) __has_c_attribute(_)
+
+#else
+# /* As of writing everything that lacks __has_c_attribute also completely
+# * lacks C2x attributes as well. Might change in future? */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(_) 0
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..255f611d70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/token_paste.h"
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(SunPro)
+# /* Oracle Developer Studio 12.5's C++ preprocessor is reportedly broken. We
+# * could simulate __has_cpp_attribute like below, but don't know the exact
+# * list of which version supported which attribute. Just kill everything for
+# * now. If you can please :FIXME: */
+# /* https://unicode-org.atlassian.net/browse/ICU-12893 */
+# /* https://github.com/boostorg/config/pull/95 */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE0(_) 0
+
+#elif defined(__has_cpp_attribute)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE0(_) __has_cpp_attribute(_)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(MSVC)
+# /* MSVC has never updated its __cplusplus since forever (unless specified
+# * explicitly by a compiler flag). They also lack __has_cpp_attribute until
+# * 2019. However, they do have attributes since 2015 or so. */
+# /* https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/overview/visual-cpp-language-conformance */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE0(_) RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_, _)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_noreturn 200809 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 00, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_carries_dependency 200809 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 00, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_deprecated 201309 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_fallthrough 201603 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 10, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_maybe_unused 201603 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 11, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_nodiscard 201603 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 19, 11, 0)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(Clang, 3, 6, 0)
+# /* Clang 3.6.0 introduced __has_cpp_attribute. Prior to that following
+# * attributes were already there. */
+# /* https://clang.llvm.org/cxx_status.html */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE0(_) RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_, _)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_noreturn 200809 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(Clang, 3, 3, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_deprecated 201309 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(Clang, 3, 4, 0)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(GCC, 5, 0, 0)
+# /* GCC 5+ have __has_cpp_attribute, while 4.x had following attributes. */
+# /* https://gcc.gnu.org/projects/cxx-status.html */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE0(_) RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_, _)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_noreturn 200809 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 8, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_deprecated 201309 * RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 9, 0)
+
+#else
+# /* :FIXME:
+# * Candidate compilers to list here:
+# * - icpc: They have __INTEL_CXX11_MODE__.
+# */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE0(_) 0
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_cpp_attribute`. */
+#if ! defined(__cplusplus)
+# /* Makes no sense. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(_) 0
+#else
+# /* GCC needs workarounds. See https://gcc.godbolt.org/z/jdz3pa */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(_) \
+ ((RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE0(_) <= __cplusplus) ? RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE0(_) : 0)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..02610338b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/token_paste.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_declspec_attribute`. */
+#if defined(__has_declspec_attribute)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(_) __has_declspec_attribute(_)
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(_) RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_, _)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_align RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 8, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_deprecated RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC,13, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_dllexport RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 8, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_dllimport RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 8, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_empty_bases RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC,19, 0, 23918)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_noalias RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 8, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_noinline RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC,13, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_noreturn RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC,11, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_nothrow RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 8, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_restrict RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC,14, 0, 0)
+# /* Note that "8, 0, 0" might be inaccurate. */
+# if ! defined(__cplusplus)
+# /* Clang has this in both C/C++, but MSVC has this in C++ only.*/
+# undef RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_nothrow
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/extension.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ceb365ab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/has/feature.h"
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_extension`. */
+#if defined(__has_extension)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION(_) __has_extension(_)
+#else
+# /* Pre-3.0 clang had __has_feature but not __has_extension. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION(_) RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE(_)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/feature.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b827590c00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE.
+ */
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_feature`. */
+#if defined(__has_feature)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE(_) __has_feature(_)
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE(_) 0
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/warning.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03975ecc2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING.
+ */
+
+/** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_warning`. */
+#if defined(__has_warning)
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING(_) __has_warning(_)
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING(_) 0
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/array.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aafe0d1350
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_ARRAY_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_ARRAY_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cArray.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* array.c */
+void rb_mem_clear(VALUE*, long);
+VALUE rb_assoc_new(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_check_array_type(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_new(void);
+VALUE rb_ary_new_capa(long capa);
+VALUE rb_ary_new_from_args(long n, ...);
+VALUE rb_ary_new_from_values(long n, const VALUE *elts);
+VALUE rb_ary_tmp_new(long);
+void rb_ary_free(VALUE);
+void rb_ary_modify(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_freeze(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_shared_with_p(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_aref(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_subseq(VALUE, long, long);
+void rb_ary_store(VALUE, long, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_dup(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_resurrect(VALUE ary);
+VALUE rb_ary_to_ary(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_to_s(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_cat(VALUE, const VALUE *, long);
+VALUE rb_ary_push(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_pop(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_shift(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_unshift(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_entry(VALUE, long);
+VALUE rb_ary_each(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_join(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_reverse(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_rotate(VALUE, long);
+VALUE rb_ary_sort(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_sort_bang(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_delete(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_delete_at(VALUE, long);
+VALUE rb_ary_clear(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_plus(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_concat(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_assoc(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_rassoc(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_includes(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_cmp(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ary_replace(VALUE copy, VALUE orig);
+VALUE rb_get_values_at(VALUE, long, int, const VALUE*, VALUE(*)(VALUE,long));
+VALUE rb_ary_resize(VALUE ary, long len);
+#define rb_ary_new2 rb_ary_new_capa
+#define rb_ary_new3 rb_ary_new_from_args
+#define rb_ary_new4 rb_ary_new_from_values
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_ARRAY_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ac92e9c90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_BIGNUM_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_BIGNUM_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to so-called rb_cBignum.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* bignum.c */
+VALUE rb_big_new(size_t, int);
+int rb_bigzero_p(VALUE x);
+VALUE rb_big_clone(VALUE);
+void rb_big_2comp(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_norm(VALUE);
+void rb_big_resize(VALUE big, size_t len);
+VALUE rb_cstr_to_inum(const char*, int, int);
+VALUE rb_str_to_inum(VALUE, int, int);
+VALUE rb_cstr2inum(const char*, int);
+VALUE rb_str2inum(VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_big2str(VALUE, int);
+long rb_big2long(VALUE);
+#define rb_big2int(x) rb_big2long(x)
+unsigned long rb_big2ulong(VALUE);
+#define rb_big2uint(x) rb_big2ulong(x)
+#if HAVE_LONG_LONG
+LONG_LONG rb_big2ll(VALUE);
+unsigned LONG_LONG rb_big2ull(VALUE);
+#endif /* HAVE_LONG_LONG */
+void rb_big_pack(VALUE val, unsigned long *buf, long num_longs);
+VALUE rb_big_unpack(unsigned long *buf, long num_longs);
+int rb_uv_to_utf8(char[6],unsigned long);
+VALUE rb_dbl2big(double);
+double rb_big2dbl(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_cmp(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_eq(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_eql(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_plus(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_minus(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_mul(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_div(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_idiv(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_modulo(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_divmod(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_pow(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_and(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_or(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_xor(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_lshift(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_big_rshift(VALUE, VALUE);
+
+/* For rb_integer_pack and rb_integer_unpack: */
+/* "MS" in MSWORD and MSBYTE means "most significant" */
+/* "LS" in LSWORD and LSBYTE means "least significant" */
+#define INTEGER_PACK_MSWORD_FIRST 0x01
+#define INTEGER_PACK_LSWORD_FIRST 0x02
+#define INTEGER_PACK_MSBYTE_FIRST 0x10
+#define INTEGER_PACK_LSBYTE_FIRST 0x20
+#define INTEGER_PACK_NATIVE_BYTE_ORDER 0x40
+#define INTEGER_PACK_2COMP 0x80
+#define INTEGER_PACK_FORCE_GENERIC_IMPLEMENTATION 0x400
+/* For rb_integer_unpack: */
+#define INTEGER_PACK_FORCE_BIGNUM 0x100
+#define INTEGER_PACK_NEGATIVE 0x200
+/* Combinations: */
+#define INTEGER_PACK_LITTLE_ENDIAN \
+ (INTEGER_PACK_LSWORD_FIRST | \
+ INTEGER_PACK_LSBYTE_FIRST)
+#define INTEGER_PACK_BIG_ENDIAN \
+ (INTEGER_PACK_MSWORD_FIRST | \
+ INTEGER_PACK_MSBYTE_FIRST)
+int rb_integer_pack(VALUE val, void *words, size_t numwords, size_t wordsize, size_t nails, int flags);
+VALUE rb_integer_unpack(const void *words, size_t numwords, size_t wordsize, size_t nails, int flags);
+size_t rb_absint_size(VALUE val, int *nlz_bits_ret);
+size_t rb_absint_numwords(VALUE val, size_t word_numbits, size_t *nlz_bits_ret);
+int rb_absint_singlebit_p(VALUE val);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_BIGNUM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/class.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3be80d283
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_CLASS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_CLASS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cClass/::rb_cModule.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* class.c */
+VALUE rb_class_new(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_mod_init_copy(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_singleton_class_clone(VALUE);
+void rb_singleton_class_attached(VALUE,VALUE);
+void rb_check_inheritable(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_define_class_id(ID, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_define_class_id_under(VALUE, ID, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_module_new(void);
+VALUE rb_define_module_id(ID);
+VALUE rb_define_module_id_under(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_mod_included_modules(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_mod_include_p(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_mod_ancestors(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_instance_methods(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_public_instance_methods(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_protected_instance_methods(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_private_instance_methods(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_singleton_methods(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+void rb_define_method_id(VALUE, ID, VALUE (*)(ANYARGS), int);
+void rb_undef(VALUE, ID);
+void rb_define_protected_method(VALUE, const char*, VALUE (*)(ANYARGS), int);
+void rb_define_private_method(VALUE, const char*, VALUE (*)(ANYARGS), int);
+void rb_define_singleton_method(VALUE, const char*, VALUE(*)(ANYARGS), int);
+VALUE rb_singleton_class(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_CLASS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d226ca37b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_COMPAR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_COMPAR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_mComparable.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* compar.c */
+int rb_cmpint(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE);
+NORETURN(void rb_cmperr(VALUE, VALUE));
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_COMPAR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70343221f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_COMPLEX_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_COMPLEX_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cComplex.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h" /* INT2FIX is here. */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* complex.c */
+VALUE rb_complex_raw(VALUE, VALUE);
+#define rb_complex_raw1(x) rb_complex_raw((x), INT2FIX(0))
+#define rb_complex_raw2(x,y) rb_complex_raw((x), (y))
+VALUE rb_complex_new(VALUE, VALUE);
+#define rb_complex_new1(x) rb_complex_new((x), INT2FIX(0))
+#define rb_complex_new2(x,y) rb_complex_new((x), (y))
+VALUE rb_complex_new_polar(VALUE abs, VALUE arg);
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_complex_new_polar, VALUE rb_complex_polar(VALUE abs, VALUE arg));
+VALUE rb_complex_real(VALUE z);
+VALUE rb_complex_imag(VALUE z);
+VALUE rb_complex_plus(VALUE x, VALUE y);
+VALUE rb_complex_minus(VALUE x, VALUE y);
+VALUE rb_complex_mul(VALUE x, VALUE y);
+VALUE rb_complex_div(VALUE x, VALUE y);
+VALUE rb_complex_uminus(VALUE z);
+VALUE rb_complex_conjugate(VALUE z);
+VALUE rb_complex_abs(VALUE z);
+VALUE rb_complex_arg(VALUE z);
+VALUE rb_complex_pow(VALUE base, VALUE exp);
+VALUE rb_dbl_complex_new(double real, double imag);
+#define rb_complex_add rb_complex_plus
+#define rb_complex_sub rb_complex_minus
+#define rb_complex_nagate rb_complex_uminus
+
+VALUE rb_Complex(VALUE, VALUE);
+#define rb_Complex1(x) rb_Complex((x), INT2FIX(0))
+#define rb_Complex2(x,y) rb_Complex((x), (y))
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_COMPLEX_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cfa5630af2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_CONT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_CONT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to rb_cFiber.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/iterator.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* cont.c */
+VALUE rb_fiber_new(rb_block_call_func_t, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_fiber_new_kw(rb_block_call_func_t, VALUE, int kw_splat);
+VALUE rb_fiber_resume(VALUE fib, int argc, const VALUE *argv);
+VALUE rb_fiber_resume_kw(VALUE fib, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat);
+VALUE rb_fiber_yield(int argc, const VALUE *argv);
+VALUE rb_fiber_yield_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat);
+VALUE rb_fiber_current(void);
+VALUE rb_fiber_alive_p(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_CONT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..936f4e1f36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_DIR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_DIR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cDir.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* dir.c */
+VALUE rb_dir_getwd(void);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_DIR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..17c20c1c0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_ENUM_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_ENUM_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_mEnumerable.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* enum.c */
+VALUE rb_enum_values_pack(int, const VALUE*);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_ENUM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c81485155c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_ENUMERATOR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_ENUMERATOR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cEnumerator.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/eval.h" /* rb_frame_this_func */
+#include "ruby/internal/iterator.h" /* rb_block_given_p */
+#include "ruby/internal/symbol.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+typedef VALUE rb_enumerator_size_func(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE);
+
+typedef struct {
+ VALUE begin;
+ VALUE end;
+ VALUE step;
+ int exclude_end;
+} rb_arithmetic_sequence_components_t;
+
+/* enumerator.c */
+VALUE rb_enumeratorize(VALUE, VALUE, int, const VALUE *);
+VALUE rb_enumeratorize_with_size(VALUE, VALUE, int, const VALUE *, rb_enumerator_size_func *);
+VALUE rb_enumeratorize_with_size_kw(VALUE, VALUE, int, const VALUE *, rb_enumerator_size_func *, int);
+int rb_arithmetic_sequence_extract(VALUE, rb_arithmetic_sequence_components_t *);
+VALUE rb_arithmetic_sequence_beg_len_step(VALUE, long *begp, long *lenp, long *stepp, long len, int err);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#ifndef RUBY_EXPORT
+# define rb_enumeratorize_with_size(obj, id, argc, argv, size_fn) \
+ rb_enumeratorize_with_size(obj, id, argc, argv, (rb_enumerator_size_func *)(size_fn))
+# define rb_enumeratorize_with_size_kw(obj, id, argc, argv, size_fn, kw_splat) \
+ rb_enumeratorize_with_size_kw(obj, id, argc, argv, (rb_enumerator_size_func *)(size_fn), kw_splat)
+#endif
+
+#define SIZED_ENUMERATOR(obj, argc, argv, size_fn) \
+ rb_enumeratorize_with_size((obj), ID2SYM(rb_frame_this_func()), \
+ (argc), (argv), (size_fn))
+
+#define SIZED_ENUMERATOR_KW(obj, argc, argv, size_fn, kw_splat) \
+ rb_enumeratorize_with_size_kw((obj), ID2SYM(rb_frame_this_func()), \
+ (argc), (argv), (size_fn), (kw_splat))
+
+#define RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(obj, argc, argv, size_fn) do { \
+ if (!rb_block_given_p()) \
+ return SIZED_ENUMERATOR(obj, argc, argv, size_fn); \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR_KW(obj, argc, argv, size_fn, kw_splat) do { \
+ if (!rb_block_given_p()) \
+ return SIZED_ENUMERATOR_KW(obj, argc, argv, size_fn, kw_splat); \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define RETURN_ENUMERATOR(obj, argc, argv) \
+ RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(obj, argc, argv, 0)
+
+#define RETURN_ENUMERATOR_KW(obj, argc, argv, kw_splat) \
+ RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR_KW(obj, argc, argv, 0, kw_splat)
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_ENUMERATOR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/error.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa9fe2daba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_ERROR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_ERROR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_eException.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/attributes.h"
+
+#define UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS (-1)
+#define rb_exc_new2 rb_exc_new_cstr
+#define rb_exc_new3 rb_exc_new_str
+#define rb_check_trusted rb_check_trusted
+#define rb_check_trusted_inline rb_check_trusted
+#define rb_check_arity rb_check_arity
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* error.c */
+VALUE rb_exc_new(VALUE, const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_exc_new_cstr(VALUE, const char*);
+VALUE rb_exc_new_str(VALUE, VALUE);
+PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_loaderror(const char*, ...)), 1, 2);
+PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_loaderror_with_path(VALUE path, const char*, ...)), 2, 3);
+PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_name_error(ID, const char*, ...)), 2, 3);
+PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_name_error_str(VALUE, const char*, ...)), 2, 3);
+PRINTF_ARGS(NORETURN(void rb_frozen_error_raise(VALUE, const char*, ...)), 2, 3);
+NORETURN(void rb_invalid_str(const char*, const char*));
+NORETURN(void rb_error_frozen(const char*));
+NORETURN(void rb_error_frozen_object(VALUE));
+void rb_error_untrusted(VALUE);
+void rb_check_frozen(VALUE);
+void rb_check_trusted(VALUE);
+void rb_check_copyable(VALUE obj, VALUE orig);
+NORETURN(MJIT_STATIC void rb_error_arity(int, int, int));
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+/* Does anyone use this? Remain not deleted for compatibility. */
+#define rb_check_frozen_internal(obj) do { \
+ VALUE frozen_obj = (obj); \
+ if (RB_UNLIKELY(RB_OBJ_FROZEN(frozen_obj))) { \
+ rb_error_frozen_object(frozen_obj); \
+ } \
+ } while (0)
+
+static inline void
+rb_check_frozen_inline(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (RB_UNLIKELY(RB_OBJ_FROZEN(obj))) {
+ rb_error_frozen_object(obj);
+ }
+}
+#define rb_check_frozen rb_check_frozen_inline
+
+static inline int
+rb_check_arity(int argc, int min, int max)
+{
+ if ((argc < min) || (max != UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS && argc > max))
+ rb_error_arity(argc, min, max);
+ return argc;
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_ERROR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..11957053d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_EVAL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_EVAL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Pre-1.9 era evaluator APIs (now considered miscellaneous).
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* eval.c */
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+void rb_exc_raise(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+void rb_exc_fatal(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+VALUE rb_f_exit(int, const VALUE*);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+VALUE rb_f_abort(int, const VALUE*);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+void rb_interrupt(void);
+ID rb_frame_this_func(void);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+void rb_jump_tag(int);
+void rb_obj_call_init(VALUE, int, const VALUE*);
+void rb_obj_call_init_kw(VALUE, int, const VALUE*, int);
+VALUE rb_protect(VALUE (*)(VALUE), VALUE, int*);
+ID rb_frame_callee(void);
+VALUE rb_make_exception(int, const VALUE*);
+
+/* eval_jump.c */
+void rb_set_end_proc(void (*)(VALUE), VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_EVAL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/file.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ebefece66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_FILE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_FILE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cFile.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* file.c */
+VALUE rb_file_s_expand_path(int, const VALUE *);
+VALUE rb_file_expand_path(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_file_s_absolute_path(int, const VALUE *);
+VALUE rb_file_absolute_path(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_file_dirname(VALUE fname);
+int rb_find_file_ext(VALUE*, const char* const*);
+VALUE rb_find_file(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_file_directory_p(VALUE,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_encode_ospath(VALUE);
+int rb_is_absolute_path(const char *);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_FILE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30759e0ded
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_GC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_GC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_mGC.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/attributes.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* gc.c */
+COLDFUNC NORETURN(void rb_memerror(void));
+PUREFUNC(int rb_during_gc(void));
+void rb_gc_mark_locations(const VALUE*, const VALUE*);
+void rb_mark_tbl(struct st_table*);
+void rb_mark_tbl_no_pin(struct st_table*);
+void rb_mark_set(struct st_table*);
+void rb_mark_hash(struct st_table*);
+void rb_gc_update_tbl_refs(st_table *ptr);
+void rb_gc_mark_maybe(VALUE);
+void rb_gc_mark(VALUE);
+void rb_gc_mark_movable(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_gc_location(VALUE);
+void rb_gc_force_recycle(VALUE);
+void rb_gc(void);
+void rb_gc_copy_finalizer(VALUE,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_gc_enable(void);
+VALUE rb_gc_disable(void);
+VALUE rb_gc_start(void);
+VALUE rb_define_finalizer(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_undefine_finalizer(VALUE);
+size_t rb_gc_count(void);
+size_t rb_gc_stat(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_gc_latest_gc_info(VALUE);
+void rb_gc_adjust_memory_usage(ssize_t);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_GC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c7a27c2cfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_HASH_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_HASH_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cHash.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/st.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* hash.c */
+void rb_st_foreach_safe(struct st_table *, int (*)(st_data_t, st_data_t, st_data_t), st_data_t);
+#define st_foreach_safe rb_st_foreach_safe
+VALUE rb_check_hash_type(VALUE);
+void rb_hash_foreach(VALUE, int (*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_new(void);
+VALUE rb_hash_dup(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_freeze(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_aref(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_lookup(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_lookup2(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_fetch(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_aset(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_clear(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_delete_if(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_delete(VALUE,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_hash_set_ifnone(VALUE hash, VALUE ifnone);
+void rb_hash_bulk_insert(long, const VALUE *, VALUE);
+typedef VALUE rb_hash_update_func(VALUE newkey, VALUE oldkey, VALUE value);
+VALUE rb_hash_update_by(VALUE hash1, VALUE hash2, rb_hash_update_func *func);
+struct st_table *rb_hash_tbl(VALUE, const char *file, int line);
+int rb_path_check(const char*);
+int rb_env_path_tainted(void);
+VALUE rb_env_clear(void);
+VALUE rb_hash_size(VALUE);
+void rb_hash_free(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_HASH_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/io.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2f2e53486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_IO_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_IO_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cIO.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* io.c */
+#define rb_defout rb_stdout
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_fs;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_output_fs;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_rs;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_default_rs;
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_output_rs;
+VALUE rb_io_write(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_gets(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_getbyte(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_ungetc(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_ungetbyte(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_close(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_flush(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_eof(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_binmode(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_ascii8bit_binmode(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_addstr(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_printf(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_print(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_puts(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_io_fdopen(int, int, const char*);
+VALUE rb_io_get_io(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_file_open(const char*, const char*);
+VALUE rb_file_open_str(VALUE, const char*);
+VALUE rb_gets(void);
+void rb_write_error(const char*);
+void rb_write_error2(const char*, long);
+void rb_close_before_exec(int lowfd, int maxhint, VALUE noclose_fds);
+int rb_pipe(int *pipes);
+int rb_reserved_fd_p(int fd);
+int rb_cloexec_open(const char *pathname, int flags, mode_t mode);
+int rb_cloexec_dup(int oldfd);
+int rb_cloexec_dup2(int oldfd, int newfd);
+int rb_cloexec_pipe(int fildes[2]);
+int rb_cloexec_fcntl_dupfd(int fd, int minfd);
+#define RB_RESERVED_FD_P(fd) rb_reserved_fd_p(fd)
+void rb_update_max_fd(int fd);
+void rb_fd_fix_cloexec(int fd);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_IO_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/load.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2cc5be0ebe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_LOAD_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_LOAD_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_f_require().
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* load.c */
+void rb_load(VALUE, int);
+void rb_load_protect(VALUE, int, int*);
+int rb_provided(const char*);
+int rb_feature_provided(const char *, const char **);
+void rb_provide(const char*);
+VALUE rb_f_require(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_require_string(VALUE);
+
+// extension configuration
+void rb_ext_ractor_safe(bool flag);
+#define RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE(f) rb_ext_ractor_safe(f)
+#define HAVE_RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE 1
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_LOAD_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6b0243244e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_MARSHAL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_MARSHAL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to rb_mMarshal.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* marshal.c */
+VALUE rb_marshal_dump(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_marshal_load(VALUE);
+void rb_marshal_define_compat(VALUE newclass, VALUE oldclass, VALUE (*dumper)(VALUE), VALUE (*loader)(VALUE, VALUE));
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_MARSHAL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..effc583756
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_NUMERIC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_NUMERIC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cNumeric.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/attributes.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* numeric.c */
+NORETURN(void rb_num_zerodiv(void));
+#define RB_NUM_COERCE_FUNCS_NEED_OPID 1
+VALUE rb_num_coerce_bin(VALUE, VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_num_coerce_cmp(VALUE, VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_num_coerce_relop(VALUE, VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_num_coerce_bit(VALUE, VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_num2fix(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_fix2str(VALUE, int);
+CONSTFUNC(VALUE rb_dbl_cmp(double, double));
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_NUMERIC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/object.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d55178584b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cObject.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+#define RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) \
+ ((obj) != (orig) && (rb_obj_init_copy((obj), (orig)), 1))
+#define OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig)
+
+VALUE rb_class_new_instance_pass_kw(int, const VALUE *, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_new_instance(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_new_instance_kw(int, const VALUE*, VALUE, int);
+
+/* object.c */
+int rb_eql(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_any_to_s(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_inspect(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_is_instance_of(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_is_kind_of(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_alloc(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_clone(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_dup(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_init_copy(VALUE,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_taint(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+VALUE rb_obj_tainted(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_untaint(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_untrust(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+VALUE rb_obj_untrusted(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_trust(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_freeze(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+VALUE rb_obj_frozen_p(VALUE);
+
+VALUE rb_obj_id(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_memory_id(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_class(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+VALUE rb_class_real(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+VALUE rb_class_inherited_p(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_superclass(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_get_superclass(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_convert_type(VALUE,int,const char*,const char*);
+VALUE rb_check_convert_type(VALUE,int,const char*,const char*);
+VALUE rb_check_to_integer(VALUE, const char *);
+VALUE rb_check_to_float(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_to_int(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_check_to_int(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_Integer(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_to_float(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_Float(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_String(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_Array(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_Hash(VALUE);
+double rb_cstr_to_dbl(const char*, int);
+double rb_str_to_dbl(VALUE, int);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4a5b8cb147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_PARSE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_PARSE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cSymbol.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* parse.y */
+ID rb_id_attrset(ID);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+int rb_is_const_id(ID);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+int rb_is_global_id(ID);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+int rb_is_instance_id(ID);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+int rb_is_attrset_id(ID);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+int rb_is_class_id(ID);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+int rb_is_local_id(ID);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+int rb_is_junk_id(ID);
+int rb_symname_p(const char*);
+int rb_sym_interned_p(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_backref_get(void);
+void rb_backref_set(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_lastline_get(void);
+void rb_lastline_set(VALUE);
+
+/* symbol.c */
+VALUE rb_sym_all_symbols(void);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_PARSE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d6f77cbd4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_PROC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_PROC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cProc.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/iterator.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* proc.c */
+VALUE rb_block_proc(void);
+VALUE rb_block_lambda(void);
+VALUE rb_proc_new(rb_block_call_func_t, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_is_proc(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_proc_call(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_proc_call_kw(VALUE, VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_proc_call_with_block(VALUE, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_proc_call_with_block_kw(VALUE, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE, int);
+int rb_proc_arity(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_proc_lambda_p(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_binding_new(void);
+VALUE rb_obj_method(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_is_method(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_method_call(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_method_call_kw(int, const VALUE*, VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_method_call_with_block(int, const VALUE *, VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_method_call_with_block_kw(int, const VALUE *, VALUE, VALUE, int);
+int rb_mod_method_arity(VALUE, ID);
+int rb_obj_method_arity(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_protect(VALUE (*)(VALUE), VALUE, int*);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_PROC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/process.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b1005a205
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_PROCESS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_PROCESS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_mProcess.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h" /* rb_pid_t is defined here. */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* process.c */
+void rb_last_status_set(int status, rb_pid_t pid);
+VALUE rb_last_status_get(void);
+int rb_proc_exec(const char*);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+VALUE rb_f_exec(int, const VALUE*);
+rb_pid_t rb_waitpid(rb_pid_t pid, int *status, int flags);
+void rb_syswait(rb_pid_t pid);
+rb_pid_t rb_spawn(int, const VALUE*);
+rb_pid_t rb_spawn_err(int, const VALUE*, char*, size_t);
+VALUE rb_proc_times(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_detach_process(rb_pid_t pid);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_PROCESS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/random.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25c52f4ce4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_RANDOM_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_RANDOM_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief MT19937 backended pseudo random number generator.
+ * @see Matsumoto, M., Nishimura, T., "Mersenne Twister: A 623-
+ * dimensionally equidistributed uniform pseudorandom number
+ * generator", ACM Trans. on Modeling and Computer Simulation, 8
+ * (1): pp 3-30, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1145/272991.272995
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* random.c */
+unsigned int rb_genrand_int32(void);
+double rb_genrand_real(void);
+void rb_reset_random_seed(void);
+VALUE rb_random_bytes(VALUE rnd, long n);
+VALUE rb_random_int(VALUE rnd, VALUE max);
+unsigned int rb_random_int32(VALUE rnd);
+double rb_random_real(VALUE rnd);
+unsigned long rb_random_ulong_limited(VALUE rnd, unsigned long limit);
+unsigned long rb_genrand_ulong_limited(unsigned long i);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_RANDOM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/range.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ca47915e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_RANGE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_RANGE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cRange.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* range.c */
+VALUE rb_range_new(VALUE, VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_range_beg_len(VALUE, long*, long*, long, int);
+int rb_range_values(VALUE range, VALUE *begp, VALUE *endp, int *exclp);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_RANGE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30a87ff31f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_RATIONAL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_RATIONAL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cRational.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h" /* INT2FIX is here. */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* rational.c */
+VALUE rb_rational_raw(VALUE, VALUE);
+#define rb_rational_raw1(x) rb_rational_raw((x), INT2FIX(1))
+#define rb_rational_raw2(x,y) rb_rational_raw((x), (y))
+VALUE rb_rational_new(VALUE, VALUE);
+#define rb_rational_new1(x) rb_rational_new((x), INT2FIX(1))
+#define rb_rational_new2(x,y) rb_rational_new((x), (y))
+VALUE rb_Rational(VALUE, VALUE);
+#define rb_Rational1(x) rb_Rational((x), INT2FIX(1))
+#define rb_Rational2(x,y) rb_Rational((x), (y))
+VALUE rb_rational_num(VALUE rat);
+VALUE rb_rational_den(VALUE rat);
+VALUE rb_flt_rationalize_with_prec(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_flt_rationalize(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_RATIONAL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/re.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dd7baef954
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_RE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_RE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cRegexp.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* re.c */
+#define rb_memcmp memcmp
+int rb_memcicmp(const void*,const void*,long);
+void rb_match_busy(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_reg_nth_defined(int, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_reg_nth_match(int, VALUE);
+int rb_reg_backref_number(VALUE match, VALUE backref);
+VALUE rb_reg_last_match(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_reg_match_pre(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_reg_match_post(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_reg_match_last(VALUE);
+#define HAVE_RB_REG_NEW_STR 1
+VALUE rb_reg_new_str(VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_reg_new(const char *, long, int);
+VALUE rb_reg_alloc(void);
+VALUE rb_reg_init_str(VALUE re, VALUE s, int options);
+VALUE rb_reg_match(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_reg_match2(VALUE);
+int rb_reg_options(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_RE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d9a71cf7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_RUBY_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_RUBY_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Process-global APIs.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* ruby.c */
+#define rb_argv rb_get_argv()
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_argv0;
+VALUE rb_get_argv(void);
+void *rb_load_file(const char*);
+void *rb_load_file_str(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_RUBY_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/select.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43d4cf354c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs to provide ::rb_fd_select().
+ * @note Functions and structs defined in this header file are not
+ * necessarily ruby-specific. They don't need ::VALUE etc.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
+# include <sys/types.h> /* for NFDBITS (BSD Net/2) */
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+/* thread.c */
+#if defined(NFDBITS) && defined(HAVE_RB_FD_INIT)
+# include "ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h"
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+# include "ruby/internal/intern/select/win32.h"
+# define rb_fd_resize(n, f) ((void)(f))
+#else
+# include "ruby/internal/intern/select/posix.h"
+# define rb_fd_resize(n, f) ((void)(f))
+#endif
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+struct timeval;
+
+int rb_thread_fd_select(int, rb_fdset_t *, rb_fdset_t *, rb_fdset_t *, struct timeval *);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba56a159b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_LARGESIZE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_LARGESIZE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs to provide ::rb_fd_select().
+ *
+ * Several Unix platforms support file descriptors bigger than FD_SETSIZE in
+ * `select(2)` system call.
+ *
+ * - Linux 2.2.12 (?)
+ *
+ * - NetBSD 1.2 (src/sys/kern/sys_generic.c:1.25)
+ * `select(2)` documents how to allocate fd_set dynamically.
+ * http://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?select++NetBSD-4.0
+ *
+ * - FreeBSD 2.2 (src/sys/kern/sys_generic.c:1.19)
+ *
+ * - OpenBSD 2.0 (src/sys/kern/sys_generic.c:1.4)
+ * `select(2)` documents how to allocate fd_set dynamically.
+ * http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=select&manpath=OpenBSD+4.4
+ *
+ * - HP-UX documents how to allocate fd_set dynamically.
+ * http://docs.hp.com/en/B2355-60105/select.2.html
+ *
+ * - Solaris 8 has `select_large_fdset`
+ *
+ * - Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion)
+ * `select(2)` returns `EINVAL` if `nfds` is greater than `FD_SET_SIZE` and
+ * `_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT` (or `_DARWIN_C_SOURCE`) isn't defined.
+ * http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#releasenotes/Darwin/SymbolVariantsRelNotes/_index.html
+ *
+ * When `fd_set` is not big enough to hold big file descriptors, it should be
+ * allocated dynamically. Note that this assumes `fd_set` is structured as
+ * bitmap.
+ *
+ * `rb_fd_init` allocates the memory.
+ * `rb_fd_term` frees the memory.
+ * `rb_fd_set` may re-allocate bitmap.
+ *
+ * So `rb_fd_set` doesn't reject file descriptors bigger than `FD_SETSIZE`.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+/**@cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define rb_fd_ptr rb_fd_ptr
+#define rb_fd_max rb_fd_max
+/** @endcond */
+
+struct timeval;
+
+typedef struct {
+ int maxfd;
+ fd_set *fdset;
+} rb_fdset_t;
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+void rb_fd_init(rb_fdset_t *);
+void rb_fd_term(rb_fdset_t *);
+void rb_fd_zero(rb_fdset_t *);
+void rb_fd_set(int, rb_fdset_t *);
+void rb_fd_clr(int, rb_fdset_t *);
+int rb_fd_isset(int, const rb_fdset_t *);
+void rb_fd_copy(rb_fdset_t *, const fd_set *, int);
+void rb_fd_dup(rb_fdset_t *dst, const rb_fdset_t *src);
+int rb_fd_select(int, rb_fdset_t *, rb_fdset_t *, rb_fdset_t *, struct timeval *);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+/* :TODO: can this function be __attribute__((returns_nonnull)) or not? */
+static inline fd_set *
+rb_fd_ptr(const rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ return f->fdset;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+static inline int
+rb_fd_max(const rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ return f->maxfd;
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_LARGESIZE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/posix.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/posix.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0bf68ae204
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/posix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_POSIX_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_POSIX_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs to provide ::rb_fd_select().
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
+# include <sys/select.h> /* for select(2) (modern POSIX) */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+# include <unistd.h> /* for select(2) (archaic UNIX) */
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+
+typedef fd_set rb_fdset_t;
+
+#define rb_fd_zero FD_ZERO
+#define rb_fd_set FD_SET
+#define rb_fd_clr FD_CLR
+#define rb_fd_isset FD_ISSET
+#define rb_fd_init FD_ZERO
+#define rb_fd_select select
+/**@cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define rb_fd_copy rb_fd_copy
+#define rb_fd_dup rb_fd_dup
+#define rb_fd_ptr rb_fd_ptr
+#define rb_fd_max rb_fd_max
+/** @endcond */
+
+static inline void
+rb_fd_copy(rb_fdset_t *dst, const fd_set *src, int n)
+{
+ *dst = *src;
+}
+
+static inline void
+rb_fd_dup(rb_fdset_t *dst, const fd_set *src)
+{
+ *dst = *src;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+/* :TODO: can this function be __attribute__((returns_nonnull)) or not? */
+static inline fd_set *
+rb_fd_ptr(rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ return f;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+static inline int
+rb_fd_max(const rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ return FD_SETSIZE;
+}
+
+/* :FIXME: What are these? They don't exist for shibling implementations. */
+#define rb_fd_init_copy(d, s) (*(d) = *(s))
+#define rb_fd_term(f) ((void)(f))
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_POSIX_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/win32.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/win32.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef75a0f760
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select/win32.h
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_WIN32_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_WIN32_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs to provide ::rb_fd_select().
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dosish.h" /* for rb_w32_select */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+/**@cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define rb_fd_zero rb_fd_zero
+#define rb_fd_clr rb_fd_clr
+#define rb_fd_isset rb_fd_isset
+#define rb_fd_copy rb_fd_copy
+#define rb_fd_dup rb_fd_dup
+#define rb_fd_ptr rb_fd_ptr
+#define rb_fd_max rb_fd_max
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+struct timeval;
+
+typedef struct {
+ int capa;
+ fd_set *fdset;
+} rb_fdset_t;
+
+void rb_fd_init(rb_fdset_t *);
+void rb_fd_term(rb_fdset_t *);
+void rb_fd_set(int, rb_fdset_t *);
+void rb_w32_fd_copy(rb_fdset_t *, const fd_set *, int);
+void rb_w32_fd_dup(rb_fdset_t *dst, const rb_fdset_t *src);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+static inline void
+rb_fd_zero(rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ f->fdset->fd_count = 0;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+static inline void
+rb_fd_clr(int n, rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ rb_w32_fdclr(n, f->fdset);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+static inline int
+rb_fd_isset(int n, rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ return rb_w32_fdisset(n, f->fdset);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+static inline void
+rb_fd_copy(rb_fdset_t *dst, const fd_set *src, int n)
+{
+ rb_w32_fd_copy(dst, src, n);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+static inline void
+rb_fd_dup(rb_fdset_t *dst, const rb_fdset_t *src)
+{
+ rb_w32_fd_dup(dst, src);
+}
+
+static inline int
+rb_fd_select(int n, rb_fdset_t *rfds, rb_fdset_t *wfds, rb_fdset_t *efds, struct timeval *timeout)
+{
+ return rb_w32_select(
+ n,
+ rfds ? rfds->fdset : NULL,
+ wfds ? wfds->fdset : NULL,
+ efds ? efds->fdset : NULL,
+ timeout);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+/* :TODO: can this function be __attribute__((returns_nonnull)) or not? */
+static inline fd_set *
+rb_fd_ptr(const rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ return f->fdset;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+static inline int
+rb_fd_max(const rb_fdset_t *f)
+{
+ const fd_set *p = f->fdset;
+
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(p);
+ return p->fd_count;
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_SELECT_WIN32_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8739c51f53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_SIGNAL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_SIGNAL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Signal handling APIs.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* signal.c */
+VALUE rb_f_kill(int, const VALUE*);
+#ifdef POSIX_SIGNAL
+#define posix_signal ruby_posix_signal
+void (*posix_signal(int, void (*)(int)))(int);
+#endif
+const char *ruby_signal_name(int);
+void ruby_default_signal(int);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_SIGNAL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c90548353
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_SPRINTF_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_SPRINTF_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Our own private printf(3).
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/format.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* sprintf.c */
+VALUE rb_f_sprintf(int, const VALUE*);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 1, 2)
+VALUE rb_sprintf(const char*, ...);
+VALUE rb_vsprintf(const char*, va_list);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 2, 3)
+VALUE rb_str_catf(VALUE, const char*, ...);
+VALUE rb_str_vcatf(VALUE, const char*, va_list);
+VALUE rb_str_format(int, const VALUE *, VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_SPRINTF_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/string.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a590b2043e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_STRING_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_STRING_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cString.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
+# include <string.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
+# include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/constant_p.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/variable.h" /* rb_gvar_setter_t */
+#include "ruby/st.h" /* st_index_t */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* string.c */
+VALUE rb_str_new(const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_str_new_cstr(const char*);
+VALUE rb_str_new_shared(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_new_frozen(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_new_with_class(VALUE, const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_tainted_str_new_cstr(const char*);
+VALUE rb_tainted_str_new(const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_external_str_new(const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_external_str_new_cstr(const char*);
+VALUE rb_locale_str_new(const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_locale_str_new_cstr(const char*);
+VALUE rb_filesystem_str_new(const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_filesystem_str_new_cstr(const char*);
+VALUE rb_str_buf_new(long);
+VALUE rb_str_buf_new_cstr(const char*);
+VALUE rb_str_buf_new2(const char*);
+VALUE rb_str_tmp_new(long);
+VALUE rb_usascii_str_new(const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_usascii_str_new_cstr(const char*);
+VALUE rb_utf8_str_new(const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_utf8_str_new_cstr(const char*);
+/**
+ * *_str_new_static functions are intended for C string literals.
+ * They require memory in the range [ptr, ptr+len] to always be readable.
+ * Note that this range covers a total of len + 1 bytes.
+ */
+VALUE rb_str_new_static(const char *ptr, long len);
+VALUE rb_usascii_str_new_static(const char *ptr, long len);
+VALUE rb_utf8_str_new_static(const char *ptr, long len);
+VALUE rb_str_to_interned_str(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_interned_str(const char *, long);
+VALUE rb_interned_str_cstr(const char *);
+void rb_str_free(VALUE);
+void rb_str_shared_replace(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_buf_append(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_buf_cat(VALUE, const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_str_buf_cat2(VALUE, const char*);
+VALUE rb_str_buf_cat_ascii(VALUE, const char*);
+VALUE rb_obj_as_string(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_check_string_type(VALUE);
+void rb_must_asciicompat(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_dup(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_resurrect(VALUE str);
+VALUE rb_str_locktmp(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_unlocktmp(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_dup_frozen(VALUE);
+#define rb_str_dup_frozen rb_str_new_frozen
+VALUE rb_str_plus(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_times(VALUE, VALUE);
+long rb_str_sublen(VALUE, long);
+VALUE rb_str_substr(VALUE, long, long);
+VALUE rb_str_subseq(VALUE, long, long);
+char *rb_str_subpos(VALUE, long, long*);
+void rb_str_modify(VALUE);
+void rb_str_modify_expand(VALUE, long);
+VALUE rb_str_freeze(VALUE);
+void rb_str_set_len(VALUE, long);
+VALUE rb_str_resize(VALUE, long);
+VALUE rb_str_cat(VALUE, const char*, long);
+VALUE rb_str_cat_cstr(VALUE, const char*);
+VALUE rb_str_cat2(VALUE, const char*);
+VALUE rb_str_append(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_concat(VALUE, VALUE);
+st_index_t rb_memhash(const void *ptr, long len);
+st_index_t rb_hash_start(st_index_t);
+st_index_t rb_hash_uint32(st_index_t, uint32_t);
+st_index_t rb_hash_uint(st_index_t, st_index_t);
+st_index_t rb_hash_end(st_index_t);
+#define rb_hash_uint32(h, i) st_hash_uint32((h), (i))
+#define rb_hash_uint(h, i) st_hash_uint((h), (i))
+#define rb_hash_end(h) st_hash_end(h)
+st_index_t rb_str_hash(VALUE);
+int rb_str_hash_cmp(VALUE,VALUE);
+int rb_str_comparable(VALUE, VALUE);
+int rb_str_cmp(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_equal(VALUE str1, VALUE str2);
+VALUE rb_str_drop_bytes(VALUE, long);
+void rb_str_update(VALUE, long, long, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_replace(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_inspect(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_dump(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_split(VALUE, const char*);
+rb_gvar_setter_t rb_str_setter;
+VALUE rb_str_intern(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_sym_to_s(VALUE);
+long rb_str_strlen(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_length(VALUE);
+long rb_str_offset(VALUE, long);
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+size_t rb_str_capacity(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_ellipsize(VALUE, long);
+VALUE rb_str_scrub(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_str_succ(VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+static inline long
+rbimpl_strlen(const char *str)
+{
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((long)strlen(str));
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_str_new_cstr(const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ return rb_str_new_static(str, len);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_tainted_str_new_cstr(const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ return rb_tainted_str_new(str, len);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_usascii_str_new_cstr(const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ return rb_usascii_str_new_static(str, len);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_utf8_str_new_cstr(const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ return rb_utf8_str_new_static(str, len);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_external_str_new_cstr(const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ return rb_external_str_new(str, len);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_locale_str_new_cstr(const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ return rb_locale_str_new(str, len);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_str_buf_new_cstr(const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ VALUE buf = rb_str_buf_new(len);
+ return rb_str_buf_cat(buf, str, len);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_str_cat_cstr(VALUE buf, const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ return rb_str_cat(buf, str, len);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rbimpl_exc_new_cstr(VALUE exc, const char *str)
+{
+ long len = rbimpl_strlen(str);
+ return rb_exc_new(exc, str, len);
+}
+
+#define rb_str_new(str, len) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) && \
+ RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(len) ? \
+ rb_str_new_static : \
+ rb_str_new) ((str), (len)))
+
+#define rb_str_new_cstr(str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_str_new_cstr : \
+ rb_str_new_cstr) (str))
+
+#define rb_usascii_str_new(str, len) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) && \
+ RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(len) ? \
+ rb_usascii_str_new_static : \
+ rb_usascii_str_new) ((str), (len)))
+
+#define rb_utf8_str_new(str, len) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) && \
+ RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(len) ? \
+ rb_utf8_str_new_static : \
+ rb_utf8_str_new) ((str), (len)))
+
+#define rb_tainted_str_new_cstr(str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_tainted_str_new_cstr : \
+ rb_tainted_str_new_cstr) (str))
+
+#define rb_usascii_str_new_cstr(str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_usascii_str_new_cstr : \
+ rb_usascii_str_new_cstr) (str))
+
+#define rb_utf8_str_new_cstr(str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_utf8_str_new_cstr : \
+ rb_utf8_str_new_cstr) (str))
+
+#define rb_external_str_new_cstr(str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_external_str_new_cstr : \
+ rb_external_str_new_cstr) (str))
+
+#define rb_locale_str_new_cstr(str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_locale_str_new_cstr : \
+ rb_locale_str_new_cstr) (str))
+
+#define rb_str_buf_new_cstr(str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_str_buf_new_cstr : \
+ rb_str_buf_new_cstr) (str))
+
+#define rb_str_cat_cstr(buf, str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_str_cat_cstr : \
+ rb_str_cat_cstr) ((buf), (str)))
+
+#define rb_exc_new_cstr(exc, str) \
+ ((RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ rbimpl_exc_new_cstr : \
+ rb_exc_new_cstr) ((exc), (str)))
+
+#define rb_str_new2 rb_str_new_cstr
+#define rb_str_new3 rb_str_new_shared
+#define rb_str_new4 rb_str_new_frozen
+#define rb_str_new5 rb_str_new_with_class
+#define rb_tainted_str_new2 rb_tainted_str_new_cstr
+#define rb_str_buf_new2 rb_str_buf_new_cstr
+#define rb_usascii_str_new2 rb_usascii_str_new_cstr
+#define rb_str_buf_cat rb_str_cat
+#define rb_str_buf_cat2 rb_str_cat_cstr
+#define rb_str_cat2 rb_str_cat_cstr
+#define rb_strlen_lit(str) (sizeof(str "") - 1)
+#define rb_str_new_lit(str) rb_str_new_static((str), rb_strlen_lit(str))
+#define rb_usascii_str_new_lit(str) rb_usascii_str_new_static((str), rb_strlen_lit(str))
+#define rb_utf8_str_new_lit(str) rb_utf8_str_new_static((str), rb_strlen_lit(str))
+#define rb_enc_str_new_lit(str, enc) rb_enc_str_new_static((str), rb_strlen_lit(str), (enc))
+#define rb_str_new_literal(str) rb_str_new_lit(str)
+#define rb_usascii_str_new_literal(str) rb_usascii_str_new_lit(str)
+#define rb_utf8_str_new_literal(str) rb_utf8_str_new_lit(str)
+#define rb_enc_str_new_literal(str, enc) rb_enc_str_new_lit(str, enc)
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_STRING_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8818da96c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_STRUCT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_STRUCT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cStruct.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/vm.h" /* rb_alloc_func_t */
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* struct.c */
+VALUE rb_struct_new(VALUE, ...);
+VALUE rb_struct_define(const char*, ...);
+VALUE rb_struct_define_under(VALUE, const char*, ...);
+VALUE rb_struct_alloc(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_struct_initialize(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_struct_aref(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_struct_aset(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_struct_getmember(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_struct_s_members(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_struct_members(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_struct_size(VALUE s);
+VALUE rb_struct_alloc_noinit(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_struct_define_without_accessor(const char *, VALUE, rb_alloc_func_t, ...);
+VALUE rb_struct_define_without_accessor_under(VALUE outer, const char *class_name, VALUE super, rb_alloc_func_t alloc, ...);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_STRUCT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a12a371058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_THREAD_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_THREAD_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cThread.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+struct timeval;
+
+/* thread.c */
+void rb_thread_schedule(void);
+void rb_thread_wait_fd(int);
+int rb_thread_fd_writable(int);
+void rb_thread_fd_close(int);
+int rb_thread_alone(void);
+void rb_thread_sleep(int);
+void rb_thread_sleep_forever(void);
+void rb_thread_sleep_deadly(void);
+VALUE rb_thread_stop(void);
+VALUE rb_thread_wakeup(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_thread_wakeup_alive(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_thread_run(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_thread_kill(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_thread_create(VALUE (*)(void *), void*);
+void rb_thread_wait_for(struct timeval);
+VALUE rb_thread_current(void);
+VALUE rb_thread_main(void);
+VALUE rb_thread_local_aref(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_thread_local_aset(VALUE, ID, VALUE);
+void rb_thread_atfork(void);
+void rb_thread_atfork_before_exec(void);
+VALUE rb_exec_recursive(VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, int),VALUE,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_exec_recursive_paired(VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, int),VALUE,VALUE,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_exec_recursive_outer(VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, int),VALUE,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_exec_recursive_paired_outer(VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE, int),VALUE,VALUE,VALUE);
+
+typedef void rb_unblock_function_t(void *);
+typedef VALUE rb_blocking_function_t(void *);
+void rb_thread_check_ints(void);
+int rb_thread_interrupted(VALUE thval);
+
+#define RUBY_UBF_IO RBIMPL_CAST((rb_unblock_function_t *)-1)
+#define RUBY_UBF_PROCESS RBIMPL_CAST((rb_unblock_function_t *)-1)
+VALUE rb_mutex_new(void);
+VALUE rb_mutex_locked_p(VALUE mutex);
+VALUE rb_mutex_trylock(VALUE mutex);
+VALUE rb_mutex_lock(VALUE mutex);
+VALUE rb_mutex_unlock(VALUE mutex);
+VALUE rb_mutex_sleep(VALUE self, VALUE timeout);
+VALUE rb_mutex_synchronize(VALUE mutex, VALUE (*func)(VALUE arg), VALUE arg);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_THREAD_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/time.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c7ae6ec2f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_TIME_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_TIME_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cTime.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_TIME_H
+# include <time.h> /* for time_t */
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+struct timespec;
+struct timeval;
+
+/* time.c */
+void rb_timespec_now(struct timespec *);
+VALUE rb_time_new(time_t, long);
+VALUE rb_time_nano_new(time_t, long);
+VALUE rb_time_timespec_new(const struct timespec *, int);
+VALUE rb_time_num_new(VALUE, VALUE);
+struct timeval rb_time_interval(VALUE num);
+struct timeval rb_time_timeval(VALUE time);
+struct timespec rb_time_timespec(VALUE time);
+struct timespec rb_time_timespec_interval(VALUE num);
+VALUE rb_time_utc_offset(VALUE time);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_TIME_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8210662fa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_VARIABLE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_VARIABLE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to names inside of a Ruby program.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/st.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* variable.c */
+VALUE rb_mod_name(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_path(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_class_path_cached(VALUE);
+void rb_set_class_path(VALUE, VALUE, const char*);
+void rb_set_class_path_string(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_path_to_class(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_path2class(const char*);
+VALUE rb_class_name(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_autoload_load(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_autoload_p(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_f_trace_var(int, const VALUE*);
+VALUE rb_f_untrace_var(int, const VALUE*);
+VALUE rb_f_global_variables(void);
+void rb_alias_variable(ID, ID);
+void rb_copy_generic_ivar(VALUE,VALUE);
+void rb_free_generic_ivar(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ivar_get(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_ivar_set(VALUE, ID, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_ivar_defined(VALUE, ID);
+void rb_ivar_foreach(VALUE, int (*)(ID, VALUE, st_data_t), st_data_t);
+st_index_t rb_ivar_count(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_attr_get(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_obj_instance_variables(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_remove_instance_variable(VALUE, VALUE);
+void *rb_mod_const_at(VALUE, void*);
+void *rb_mod_const_of(VALUE, void*);
+VALUE rb_const_list(void*);
+VALUE rb_mod_constants(int, const VALUE *, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_mod_remove_const(VALUE, VALUE);
+int rb_const_defined(VALUE, ID);
+int rb_const_defined_at(VALUE, ID);
+int rb_const_defined_from(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_const_get(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_const_get_at(VALUE, ID);
+VALUE rb_const_get_from(VALUE, ID);
+void rb_const_set(VALUE, ID, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_const_remove(VALUE, ID);
+#if 0 /* EXPERIMENTAL: remove if no problem */
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+VALUE rb_mod_const_missing(VALUE,VALUE);
+#endif
+VALUE rb_cvar_defined(VALUE, ID);
+void rb_cvar_set(VALUE, ID, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_cvar_get(VALUE, ID);
+void rb_cv_set(VALUE, const char*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_cv_get(VALUE, const char*);
+void rb_define_class_variable(VALUE, const char*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_mod_class_variables(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_mod_remove_cvar(VALUE, VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_VARIABLE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..706f160ad8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_VM_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERN_VM_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cRubyVM.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* vm.c */
+int rb_sourceline(void);
+const char *rb_sourcefile(void);
+int rb_frame_method_id_and_class(ID *idp, VALUE *klassp);
+
+/* vm_eval.c */
+VALUE rb_check_funcall(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*);
+VALUE rb_check_funcall_kw(VALUE, ID, int, const VALUE*, int);
+void rb_remove_method(VALUE, const char*);
+void rb_remove_method_id(VALUE, ID);
+
+VALUE rb_eval_cmd_kw(VALUE, VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_apply(VALUE, ID, VALUE);
+
+VALUE rb_obj_instance_eval(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_instance_exec(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_mod_module_eval(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_mod_module_exec(int, const VALUE*, VALUE);
+
+/* vm_method.c */
+#define HAVE_RB_DEFINE_ALLOC_FUNC 1
+typedef VALUE (*rb_alloc_func_t)(VALUE);
+void rb_define_alloc_func(VALUE, rb_alloc_func_t);
+void rb_undef_alloc_func(VALUE);
+rb_alloc_func_t rb_get_alloc_func(VALUE);
+void rb_clear_constant_cache(void);
+void rb_clear_method_cache_by_class(VALUE);
+void rb_alias(VALUE, ID, ID);
+void rb_attr(VALUE,ID,int,int,int);
+int rb_method_boundp(VALUE, ID, int);
+int rb_method_basic_definition_p(VALUE, ID);
+
+int rb_obj_respond_to(VALUE, ID, int);
+int rb_respond_to(VALUE, ID);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+VALUE rb_f_notimplement(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE obj, VALUE marker);
+#if !defined(RUBY_EXPORT) && defined(_WIN32)
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE (*const rb_f_notimplement_)(int, const VALUE *, VALUE, VALUE marker);
+#define rb_f_notimplement (*rb_f_notimplement_)
+#endif
+
+/* vm_backtrace.c */
+void rb_backtrace(void);
+VALUE rb_make_backtrace(void);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_VM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/interpreter.h b/include/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..29dee60aab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERPRETER_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_INTERPRETER_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Interpreter embedding APIs.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup embed CRuby Embedding APIs
+ * CRuby interpreter APIs. These are APIs to embed MRI interpreter into your
+ * program.
+ * These functions are not a part of Ruby extension library API.
+ * Extension libraries of Ruby should not depend on these functions.
+ * @{
+ */
+
+/** @defgroup ruby1 ruby(1) implementation
+ * A part of the implementation of ruby(1) command.
+ * Other programs that embed Ruby interpreter do not always need to use these
+ * functions.
+ * @{
+ */
+
+void ruby_sysinit(int *argc, char ***argv);
+void ruby_init(void);
+void* ruby_options(int argc, char** argv);
+int ruby_executable_node(void *n, int *status);
+int ruby_run_node(void *n);
+
+/* version.c */
+void ruby_show_version(void);
+#ifndef ruby_show_copyright
+void ruby_show_copyright(void);
+#endif
+
+/*! A convenience macro to call ruby_init_stack(). Must be placed just after
+ * variable declarations */
+#define RUBY_INIT_STACK \
+ VALUE variable_in_this_stack_frame; \
+ ruby_init_stack(&variable_in_this_stack_frame);
+/*! @} */
+
+void ruby_init_stack(volatile VALUE*);
+
+int ruby_setup(void);
+int ruby_cleanup(volatile int);
+
+void ruby_finalize(void);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+void ruby_stop(int);
+
+int ruby_stack_check(void);
+size_t ruby_stack_length(VALUE**);
+
+int ruby_exec_node(void *n);
+
+void ruby_script(const char* name);
+void ruby_set_script_name(VALUE name);
+
+void ruby_prog_init(void);
+void ruby_set_argv(int, char**);
+void *ruby_process_options(int, char**);
+void ruby_init_loadpath(void);
+void ruby_incpush(const char*);
+void ruby_sig_finalize(void);
+
+/*! @} */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERPRETER_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/iterator.h b/include/ruby/internal/iterator.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99c0831b13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/iterator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ITERATOR_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ITERATOR_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Block related APIs.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+#define RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_STRICT 1
+#define RUBY_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_TAKES_BLOCKARG 1
+#define RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(yielded_arg, callback_arg) \
+ VALUE yielded_arg, VALUE callback_arg, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE blockarg
+typedef VALUE rb_block_call_func(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(yielded_arg, callback_arg));
+typedef rb_block_call_func *rb_block_call_func_t;
+
+VALUE rb_each(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_yield(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_yield_values(int n, ...);
+VALUE rb_yield_values2(int n, const VALUE *argv);
+VALUE rb_yield_values_kw(int n, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat);
+VALUE rb_yield_splat(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_yield_splat_kw(VALUE, int);
+VALUE rb_yield_block(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(yielded_arg, callback_arg)); /* rb_block_call_func */
+int rb_keyword_given_p(void);
+int rb_block_given_p(void);
+void rb_need_block(void);
+VALUE rb_iterate(VALUE(*)(VALUE),VALUE,rb_block_call_func_t,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_block_call(VALUE,ID,int,const VALUE*,rb_block_call_func_t,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_block_call_kw(VALUE,ID,int,const VALUE*,rb_block_call_func_t,VALUE,int);
+VALUE rb_rescue(VALUE(*)(VALUE),VALUE,VALUE(*)(VALUE,VALUE),VALUE);
+VALUE rb_rescue2(VALUE(*)(VALUE),VALUE,VALUE(*)(VALUE,VALUE),VALUE,...);
+VALUE rb_vrescue2(VALUE(*)(VALUE),VALUE,VALUE(*)(VALUE,VALUE),VALUE,va_list);
+VALUE rb_ensure(VALUE(*)(VALUE),VALUE,VALUE(*)(VALUE),VALUE);
+VALUE rb_catch(const char*,rb_block_call_func_t,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_catch_obj(VALUE,rb_block_call_func_t,VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+void rb_throw(const char*,VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+void rb_throw_obj(VALUE,VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_ITERATOR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/memory.h b/include/ruby/internal/memory.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..46dfcadd10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/memory.h
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_MEMORY_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_MEMORY_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Memory management stuff.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
+# include <string.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
+# include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
+# include <alloca.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_WIN64)
+# include <intrin.h>
+# pragma intrinsic(_umul128)
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/builtin.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdalign.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/xmalloc.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/limits.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/defines.h"
+
+/* Make alloca work the best possible way. */
+#if defined(alloca)
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_alloca)
+# define alloca __builtin_alloca
+#elif defined(_AIX)
+# pragma alloca
+#elif defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" void *alloca(size_t);
+#else
+extern void *alloca();
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_INT128_T) && SIZEOF_SIZE_T <= 8
+# define DSIZE_T uint128_t
+#elif SIZEOF_SIZE_T * 2 <= SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define DSIZE_T unsigned LONG_LONG
+#endif
+
+#ifdef C_ALLOCA
+# define RUBY_ALLOCV_LIMIT 0
+#else
+# define RUBY_ALLOCV_LIMIT 1024
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#define RB_GC_GUARD(v) \
+ (*__extension__ ({ \
+ volatile VALUE *rb_gc_guarded_ptr = &(v); \
+ __asm__("" : : "m"(rb_gc_guarded_ptr)); \
+ rb_gc_guarded_ptr; \
+ }))
+#elif defined _MSC_VER
+#define RB_GC_GUARD(v) (*rb_gc_guarded_ptr(&(v)))
+#else
+#define HAVE_RB_GC_GUARDED_PTR_VAL 1
+#define RB_GC_GUARD(v) (*rb_gc_guarded_ptr_val(&(v),(v)))
+#endif
+
+/* Casts needed because void* is NOT compaible with others in C++. */
+#define RB_ALLOC_N(type,n) RBIMPL_CAST((type *)ruby_xmalloc2((n), sizeof(type)))
+#define RB_ALLOC(type) RBIMPL_CAST((type *)ruby_xmalloc(sizeof(type)))
+#define RB_ZALLOC_N(type,n) RBIMPL_CAST((type *)ruby_xcalloc((n), sizeof(type)))
+#define RB_ZALLOC(type) (RB_ZALLOC_N(type, 1))
+#define RB_REALLOC_N(var,type,n) \
+ ((var) = RBIMPL_CAST((type *)ruby_xrealloc2((void *)(var), (n), sizeof(type))))
+
+#define ALLOCA_N(type,n) \
+ RBIMPL_CAST((type *)(!(n) ? NULL : alloca(rbimpl_size_mul_or_raise(sizeof(type), (n)))))
+
+/* allocates _n_ bytes temporary buffer and stores VALUE including it
+ * in _v_. _n_ may be evaluated twice. */
+#define RB_ALLOCV(v, n) \
+ ((n) < RUBY_ALLOCV_LIMIT ? \
+ ((v) = 0, !(n) ? NULL : alloca(n)) : \
+ rb_alloc_tmp_buffer(&(v), (n)))
+#define RB_ALLOCV_N(type, v, n) \
+ RBIMPL_CAST((type *) \
+ (((size_t)(n) < RUBY_ALLOCV_LIMIT / sizeof(type)) ? \
+ ((v) = 0, !(n) ? NULL : alloca((n) * sizeof(type))) : \
+ rb_alloc_tmp_buffer2(&(v), (n), sizeof(type))))
+#define RB_ALLOCV_END(v) rb_free_tmp_buffer(&(v))
+
+#define MEMZERO(p,type,n) memset((p), 0, rbimpl_size_mul_or_raise(sizeof(type), (n)))
+#define MEMCPY(p1,p2,type,n) memcpy((p1), (p2), rbimpl_size_mul_or_raise(sizeof(type), (n)))
+#define MEMMOVE(p1,p2,type,n) memmove((p1), (p2), rbimpl_size_mul_or_raise(sizeof(type), (n)))
+#define MEMCMP(p1,p2,type,n) memcmp((p1), (p2), rbimpl_size_mul_or_raise(sizeof(type), (n)))
+
+#define ALLOC_N RB_ALLOC_N
+#define ALLOC RB_ALLOC
+#define ZALLOC_N RB_ZALLOC_N
+#define ZALLOC RB_ZALLOC
+#define REALLOC_N RB_REALLOC_N
+#define ALLOCV RB_ALLOCV
+#define ALLOCV_N RB_ALLOCV_N
+#define ALLOCV_END RB_ALLOCV_END
+
+/* Expecting this struct to be eliminated by function inlinings */
+struct rbimpl_size_mul_overflow_tag {
+ bool left;
+ size_t right;
+};
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2))
+void *rb_alloc_tmp_buffer(volatile VALUE *store, long len);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2,3))
+void *rb_alloc_tmp_buffer_with_count(volatile VALUE *store, size_t len,size_t count);
+
+void rb_free_tmp_buffer(volatile VALUE *store);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+void ruby_malloc_size_overflow(size_t, size_t);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_GC_GUARDED_PTR_VAL
+volatile VALUE *rb_gc_guarded_ptr_val(volatile VALUE *ptr, VALUE val);
+#endif
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+# pragma optimize("", off)
+
+static inline volatile VALUE *
+rb_gc_guarded_ptr(volatile VALUE *ptr)
+{
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+# pragma optimize("", on)
+#endif
+
+/* Does anyone use it? Just here for backwards compatibility. */
+static inline int
+rb_mul_size_overflow(size_t a, size_t b, size_t max, size_t *c)
+{
+#ifdef DSIZE_T
+ RB_GNUC_EXTENSION DSIZE_T da, db, c2;
+ da = a;
+ db = b;
+ c2 = da * db;
+ if (c2 > max) return 1;
+ *c = RBIMPL_CAST((size_t)c2);
+#else
+ if (b != 0 && a > max / b) return 1;
+ *c = a * b;
+#endif
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 7, 0, 0)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX14) /* https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=70507 */
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(Clang, 7, 0, 0)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX14) /* https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=37633 */
+#endif
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+static inline struct rbimpl_size_mul_overflow_tag
+rbimpl_size_mul_overflow(size_t x, size_t y)
+{
+ struct rbimpl_size_mul_overflow_tag ret = { false, 0, };
+
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_mul_overflow)
+ ret.left = __builtin_mul_overflow(x, y, &ret.right);
+
+#elif defined(DSIZE_T)
+ RB_GNUC_EXTENSION DSIZE_T dx = x;
+ RB_GNUC_EXTENSION DSIZE_T dy = y;
+ RB_GNUC_EXTENSION DSIZE_T dz = dx * dy;
+ ret.left = dz > SIZE_MAX;
+ ret.right = RBIMPL_CAST((size_t)dz);
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_WIN64)
+ unsigned __int64 dp = 0;
+ unsigned __int64 dz = _umul128(x, y, &dp);
+ ret.left = RBIMPL_CAST((bool)dp);
+ ret.right = RBIMPL_CAST((size_t)dz);
+
+#else
+ /* https://wiki.sei.cmu.edu/confluence/display/c/INT30-C.+Ensure+that+unsigned+integer+operations+do+not+wrap */
+ ret.left = (y != 0) && (x > SIZE_MAX / y);
+ ret.right = x * y;
+#endif
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static inline size_t
+rbimpl_size_mul_or_raise(size_t x, size_t y)
+{
+ struct rbimpl_size_mul_overflow_tag size =
+ rbimpl_size_mul_overflow(x, y);
+
+ if (RB_LIKELY(! size.left)) {
+ return size.right;
+ }
+ else {
+ ruby_malloc_size_overflow(x, y);
+ RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(0);
+ }
+}
+
+static inline void *
+rb_alloc_tmp_buffer2(volatile VALUE *store, long count, size_t elsize)
+{
+ const size_t total_size = rbimpl_size_mul_or_raise(count, elsize);
+ const size_t cnt = (total_size + sizeof(VALUE) - 1) / sizeof(VALUE);
+ return rb_alloc_tmp_buffer_with_count(store, total_size, cnt);
+}
+
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+/* At least since 2004, glibc's <string.h> annotates memcpy to be
+ * __attribute__((__nonnull__(1, 2))). However it is safe to pass NULL to the
+ * source pointer, if n is 0. Let's wrap memcpy. */
+static inline void *
+ruby_nonempty_memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n)
+{
+ if (n) {
+ return memcpy(dest, src, n);
+ }
+ else {
+ return dest;
+ }
+}
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+#undef memcpy
+#define memcpy ruby_nonempty_memcpy
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_MEMORY_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/method.h b/include/ruby/internal/method.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..67600e8732
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/method.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_METHOD_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_METHOD_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Creation and modification of Ruby methods.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+void rb_define_method(VALUE,const char*,VALUE(*)(ANYARGS),int);
+void rb_define_module_function(VALUE,const char*,VALUE(*)(ANYARGS),int);
+void rb_define_global_function(const char*,VALUE(*)(ANYARGS),int);
+
+void rb_undef_method(VALUE,const char*);
+void rb_define_alias(VALUE,const char*,const char*);
+void rb_define_attr(VALUE,const char*,int,int);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_METHOD_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/module.h b/include/ruby/internal/module.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f2dfdb1be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/module.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_MODULE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_MODULE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Creation and modification of Ruby modules.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+VALUE rb_define_class(const char*,VALUE);
+VALUE rb_define_module(const char*);
+VALUE rb_define_class_under(VALUE, const char*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_define_module_under(VALUE, const char*);
+
+void rb_include_module(VALUE,VALUE);
+void rb_extend_object(VALUE,VALUE);
+void rb_prepend_module(VALUE,VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_MODULE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/newobj.h b/include/ruby/internal/newobj.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..684226e54b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/newobj.h
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_NEWOBJ_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_NEWOBJ_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #NEWOBJ.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#define RB_NEWOBJ(obj,type) type *(obj) = RBIMPL_CAST((type *)rb_newobj())
+#define RB_NEWOBJ_OF(obj,type,klass,flags) type *(obj) = RBIMPL_CAST((type *)rb_newobj_of(klass, flags))
+
+#define NEWOBJ RB_NEWOBJ
+#define NEWOBJ_OF RB_NEWOBJ_OF /* core has special NEWOBJ_OF() in internal.h */
+#define OBJSETUP rb_obj_setup /* use NEWOBJ_OF instead of NEWOBJ()+OBJSETUP() */
+#define CLONESETUP rb_clone_setup
+#define DUPSETUP rb_dup_setup
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+VALUE rb_newobj(void);
+VALUE rb_newobj_of(VALUE, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_obj_setup(VALUE obj, VALUE klass, VALUE type);
+VALUE rb_obj_class(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_singleton_class_clone(VALUE);
+void rb_singleton_class_attached(VALUE,VALUE);
+void rb_copy_generic_ivar(VALUE,VALUE);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+static inline void
+rb_clone_setup(VALUE clone, VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(! RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj));
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(! RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(clone));
+
+ const VALUE flags = RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0 | RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1 | RUBY_FL_FINALIZE;
+ rb_obj_setup(clone, rb_singleton_class_clone(obj),
+ RB_FL_TEST_RAW(obj, ~flags));
+ rb_singleton_class_attached(RBASIC_CLASS(clone), clone);
+ if (RB_FL_TEST(obj, RUBY_FL_EXIVAR)) rb_copy_generic_ivar(clone, obj);
+}
+
+static inline void
+rb_dup_setup(VALUE dup, VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(! RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj));
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(! RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(dup));
+
+ rb_obj_setup(dup, rb_obj_class(obj), RB_FL_TEST_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_DUPPED));
+ if (RB_FL_TEST(obj, RUBY_FL_EXIVAR)) rb_copy_generic_ivar(dup, obj);
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_NEWOBJ_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/rgengc.h b/include/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2681d41844
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_RGENGC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_RGENGC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief RGENGC write-barrier APIs.
+ * @see Sasada, K., "Gradual write-barrier insertion into a Ruby
+ * interpreter", in proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGPLAN
+ * International Symposium on Memory Management (ISMM 2019), pp
+ * 115-121, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3315573.3329986
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/attributes.h"
+
+#undef USE_RGENGC
+#define USE_RGENGC 1
+
+#ifndef USE_RINCGC
+# define USE_RINCGC 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
+# define USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_HASH
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_HASH 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRUCT
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRUCT 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRING
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRING 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_OBJECT
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_OBJECT 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_REGEXP
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_REGEXP 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_CLASS
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_CLASS 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_FLOAT
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_FLOAT 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_COMPLEX
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_COMPLEX 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_RATIONAL
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_RATIONAL 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_BIGNUM
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_BIGNUM 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_NODE_CREF
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_NODE_CREF 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @name Write barrier (WB) interfaces:
+ * @{
+ *
+ * @note The following core interfaces can be changed in the future. Please
+ * catch up if you want to insert WB into C-extensions correctly.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * WB for new reference from `a' to `b'. Write `b' into `*slot'. `slot' is a
+ * pointer in `a'.
+ */
+#define RB_OBJ_WRITE(a, slot, b) \
+ RBIMPL_CAST(rb_obj_write((VALUE)(a), (VALUE *)(slot), (VALUE)(b), __FILE__, __LINE__))
+/**
+ * WB for new reference from `a' to `b'. This doesn't write any values, but
+ * only a WB declaration. `oldv' is replaced value with `b' (not used in
+ * current Ruby).
+ */
+#define RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(a, oldv, b) \
+ RBIMPL_CAST(rb_obj_written((VALUE)(a), (VALUE)(oldv), (VALUE)(b), __FILE__, __LINE__))
+/** @} */
+
+#define OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW
+#define OBJ_PROMOTED RB_OBJ_PROMOTED
+#define OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT
+
+#define RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT(x) rb_obj_wb_unprotect(x, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT_FOR(type, obj) \
+ (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_##type ? OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT(obj) : obj)
+#define RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT rb_gc_unprotect_logging
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW
+#define RB_OBJ_PROMOTED RB_OBJ_PROMOTED
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+void rb_gc_writebarrier(VALUE a, VALUE b);
+void rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(VALUE obj);
+#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
+void rb_gc_unprotect_logging(void *objptr, const char *filename, int line);
+#endif
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ABLE(obj));
+ return RB_FL_ANY_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_PROMOTED);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_OBJ_PROMOTED(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (! RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else {
+ return RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW(obj);
+ }
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_obj_wb_unprotect(VALUE x, RB_UNUSED_VAR(const char *filename), RB_UNUSED_VAR(int line))
+{
+#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
+ RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT(RBIMPL_CAST((void *)x), filename, line);
+#endif
+ rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(x);
+ return x;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_obj_written(VALUE a, RB_UNUSED_VAR(VALUE oldv), VALUE b, RB_UNUSED_VAR(const char *filename), RB_UNUSED_VAR(int line))
+{
+#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
+ RGENGC_LOGGING_OBJ_WRITTEN(a, oldv, b, filename, line);
+#endif
+
+ if (!RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(b)) {
+ rb_gc_writebarrier(a, b);
+ }
+
+ return a;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+rb_obj_write(VALUE a, VALUE *slot, VALUE b, RB_UNUSED_VAR(const char *filename), RB_UNUSED_VAR(int line))
+{
+#ifdef RGENGC_LOGGING_WRITE
+ RGENGC_LOGGING_WRITE(a, slot, b, filename, line);
+#endif
+
+ *slot = b;
+
+ rb_obj_written(a, RUBY_Qundef /* ignore `oldv' now */, b, filename, line);
+ return a;
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_RGENGC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/scan_args.h b/include/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9329e7e98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_SCAN_ARGS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_SCAN_ARGS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Compile-time static implementation of ::rb_scan_args().
+ *
+ * This is a beast. It statically analyses the argument spec string, and
+ * expands the assignment of variables into dedicated codes.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/error.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/array.h" /* rb_ary_new_from_values */
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/error.h" /* rb_error_arity */
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/hash.h" /* rb_hash_dup */
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/proc.h" /* rb_block_proc */
+#include "ruby/internal/iterator.h" /* rb_block_given_p / rb_keyword_given_p */
+#include "ruby/internal/static_assert.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#define RB_SCAN_ARGS_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS 0
+#define RB_SCAN_ARGS_KEYWORDS 1
+#define RB_SCAN_ARGS_LAST_HASH_KEYWORDS 3
+#define RB_NO_KEYWORDS 0
+#define RB_PASS_KEYWORDS 1
+#define RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS rb_keyword_given_p()
+/* rb_scan_args() format allows ':' for optional hash */
+#define HAVE_RB_SCAN_ARGS_OPTIONAL_HASH 1
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+int rb_scan_args(int, const VALUE*, const char*, ...);
+int rb_scan_args_kw(int, int, const VALUE*, const char*, ...);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR(("bad scan arg format"))
+void rb_scan_args_bad_format(const char*);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR(("variable argument length doesn't match"))
+void rb_scan_args_length_mismatch(const char*,int);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+/* If we could use constexpr the following macros could be inline functions
+ * ... but sadly we cannot. */
+
+#define rb_scan_args_isdigit(c) (RBIMPL_CAST((unsigned char)((c)-'0'))<10)
+
+#define rb_scan_args_count_end(fmt, ofs, vari) \
+ ((fmt)[ofs] ? -1 : (vari))
+
+#define rb_scan_args_count_block(fmt, ofs, vari) \
+ ((fmt)[ofs]!='&' ? \
+ rb_scan_args_count_end(fmt, ofs, vari) : \
+ rb_scan_args_count_end(fmt, (ofs)+1, (vari)+1))
+
+#define rb_scan_args_count_hash(fmt, ofs, vari) \
+ ((fmt)[ofs]!=':' ? \
+ rb_scan_args_count_block(fmt, ofs, vari) : \
+ rb_scan_args_count_block(fmt, (ofs)+1, (vari)+1))
+
+#define rb_scan_args_count_trail(fmt, ofs, vari) \
+ (!rb_scan_args_isdigit((fmt)[ofs]) ? \
+ rb_scan_args_count_hash(fmt, ofs, vari) : \
+ rb_scan_args_count_hash(fmt, (ofs)+1, (vari)+((fmt)[ofs]-'0')))
+
+#define rb_scan_args_count_var(fmt, ofs, vari) \
+ ((fmt)[ofs]!='*' ? \
+ rb_scan_args_count_trail(fmt, ofs, vari) : \
+ rb_scan_args_count_trail(fmt, (ofs)+1, (vari)+1))
+
+#define rb_scan_args_count_opt(fmt, ofs, vari) \
+ (!rb_scan_args_isdigit((fmt)[ofs]) ? \
+ rb_scan_args_count_var(fmt, ofs, vari) : \
+ rb_scan_args_count_var(fmt, (ofs)+1, (vari)+(fmt)[ofs]-'0'))
+
+#define rb_scan_args_count_lead(fmt, ofs, vari) \
+ (!rb_scan_args_isdigit((fmt)[ofs]) ? \
+ rb_scan_args_count_var(fmt, ofs, vari) : \
+ rb_scan_args_count_opt(fmt, (ofs)+1, (vari)+(fmt)[ofs]-'0'))
+
+#define rb_scan_args_count(fmt) rb_scan_args_count_lead(fmt, 0, 0)
+
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(diagnose_if)
+# /* Assertions done in the attribute. */
+# define rb_scan_args_verify(fmt, varc) RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING
+#else
+# /* At one sight it _seems_ the expressions below could be written using
+# * static assrtions. The reality is no, they don't. Because fmt is a string
+# * literal, any operations against fmt cannot produce the "integer constant
+# * expression"s, as defined in ISO/IEC 9899:2018 section 6.6 paragraph #6.
+# * Static assertions need such integer constant expressions as defined in
+# * ISO/IEC 9899:2018 section 6.7.10 paragraph #3.
+# *
+# * GCC nonetheless constant-folds this into no-op, though. */
+# define rb_scan_args_verify(fmt, varc) \
+ (sizeof(char[1-2*(rb_scan_args_count(fmt)<0)])!=1 ? \
+ rb_scan_args_bad_format(fmt) : \
+ sizeof(char[1-2*(rb_scan_args_count(fmt)!=(varc))])!=1 ? \
+ rb_scan_args_length_mismatch(fmt, varc) : \
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_NOTHING)
+#endif
+
+static inline bool
+rb_scan_args_keyword_p(int kw_flag, VALUE last)
+{
+ switch (kw_flag) {
+ case RB_SCAN_ARGS_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS:
+ return !! rb_keyword_given_p();
+ case RB_SCAN_ARGS_KEYWORDS:
+ return true;
+ case RB_SCAN_ARGS_LAST_HASH_KEYWORDS:
+ return RB_TYPE_P(last, T_HASH);
+ default:
+ return false;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static bool
+rb_scan_args_lead_p(const char *fmt)
+{
+ return rb_scan_args_isdigit(fmt[0]);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_n_lead(const char *fmt)
+{
+ return (rb_scan_args_lead_p(fmt) ? fmt[0]-'0' : 0);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static bool
+rb_scan_args_opt_p(const char *fmt)
+{
+ return (rb_scan_args_lead_p(fmt) && rb_scan_args_isdigit(fmt[1]));
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_n_opt(const char *fmt)
+{
+ return (rb_scan_args_opt_p(fmt) ? fmt[1]-'0' : 0);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_var_idx(const char *fmt)
+{
+ return (!rb_scan_args_lead_p(fmt) ? 0 : !rb_scan_args_isdigit(fmt[1]) ? 1 : 2);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static bool
+rb_scan_args_f_var(const char *fmt)
+{
+ return (fmt[rb_scan_args_var_idx(fmt)]=='*');
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_trail_idx(const char *fmt)
+{
+ const int idx = rb_scan_args_var_idx(fmt);
+ return idx+(fmt[idx]=='*');
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_n_trail(const char *fmt)
+{
+ const int idx = rb_scan_args_trail_idx(fmt);
+ return (rb_scan_args_isdigit(fmt[idx]) ? fmt[idx]-'0' : 0);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_hash_idx(const char *fmt)
+{
+ const int idx = rb_scan_args_trail_idx(fmt);
+ return idx+rb_scan_args_isdigit(fmt[idx]);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static bool
+rb_scan_args_f_hash(const char *fmt)
+{
+ return (fmt[rb_scan_args_hash_idx(fmt)]==':');
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_block_idx(const char *fmt)
+{
+ const int idx = rb_scan_args_hash_idx(fmt);
+ return idx+(fmt[idx]==':');
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static bool
+rb_scan_args_f_block(const char *fmt)
+{
+ return (fmt[rb_scan_args_block_idx(fmt)]=='&');
+}
+
+# if 0
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_end_idx(const char *fmt)
+{
+ const int idx = rb_scan_args_block_idx(fmt);
+ return idx+(fmt[idx]=='&');
+}
+# endif
+
+/* NOTE: Use `char *fmt` instead of `const char *fmt` because of clang's bug*/
+/* https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=38095 */
+# define rb_scan_args0(argc, argv, fmt, varc, vars) \
+ rb_scan_args_set(RB_SCAN_ARGS_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS, argc, argv, \
+ rb_scan_args_n_lead(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_n_opt(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_n_trail(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_f_var(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_f_hash(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_f_block(fmt), \
+ (rb_scan_args_verify(fmt, varc), vars), (char *)fmt, varc)
+# define rb_scan_args_kw0(kw_flag, argc, argv, fmt, varc, vars) \
+ rb_scan_args_set(kw_flag, argc, argv, \
+ rb_scan_args_n_lead(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_n_opt(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_n_trail(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_f_var(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_f_hash(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_f_block(fmt), \
+ (rb_scan_args_verify(fmt, varc), vars), (char *)fmt, varc)
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static int
+rb_scan_args_set(int kw_flag, int argc, const VALUE *argv,
+ int n_lead, int n_opt, int n_trail,
+ bool f_var, bool f_hash, bool f_block,
+ VALUE *vars[], RB_UNUSED_VAR(const char *fmt), RB_UNUSED_VAR(int varc))
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF(rb_scan_args_count(fmt) < 0, "bad scan arg format", "error")
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_DIAGNOSE_IF(rb_scan_args_count(fmt) != varc, "variable argument length doesn't match", "error")
+{
+ int i, argi = 0, vari = 0;
+ VALUE *var, hash = Qnil;
+#define rb_scan_args_next_param() vars[vari++]
+ const int n_mand = n_lead + n_trail;
+
+ /* capture an option hash - phase 1: pop from the argv */
+ if (f_hash && argc > 0) {
+ VALUE last = argv[argc - 1];
+ if (rb_scan_args_keyword_p(kw_flag, last)) {
+ hash = rb_hash_dup(last);
+ argc--;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (argc < n_mand) {
+ goto argc_error;
+ }
+
+ /* capture leading mandatory arguments */
+ for (i = 0; i < n_lead; i++) {
+ var = rb_scan_args_next_param();
+ if (var) *var = argv[argi];
+ argi++;
+ }
+
+ /* capture optional arguments */
+ for (i = 0; i < n_opt; i++) {
+ var = rb_scan_args_next_param();
+ if (argi < argc - n_trail) {
+ if (var) *var = argv[argi];
+ argi++;
+ }
+ else {
+ if (var) *var = Qnil;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* capture variable length arguments */
+ if (f_var) {
+ int n_var = argc - argi - n_trail;
+
+ var = rb_scan_args_next_param();
+ if (0 < n_var) {
+ if (var) *var = rb_ary_new_from_values(n_var, &argv[argi]);
+ argi += n_var;
+ }
+ else {
+ if (var) *var = rb_ary_new();
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* capture trailing mandatory arguments */
+ for (i = 0; i < n_trail; i++) {
+ var = rb_scan_args_next_param();
+ if (var) *var = argv[argi];
+ argi++;
+ }
+
+ /* capture an option hash - phase 2: assignment */
+ if (f_hash) {
+ var = rb_scan_args_next_param();
+ if (var) *var = hash;
+ }
+
+ /* capture iterator block */
+ if (f_block) {
+ var = rb_scan_args_next_param();
+ if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+ *var = rb_block_proc();
+ }
+ else {
+ *var = Qnil;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (argi == argc) {
+ return argc;
+ }
+
+ argc_error:
+ rb_error_arity(argc, n_mand, f_var ? UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS : n_mand + n_opt);
+ UNREACHABLE_RETURN(-1);
+#undef rb_scan_args_next_param
+}
+
+#if ! defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR_CONSTANT_P)
+# /* skip */
+
+#elif ! defined(HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO)
+# /* skip */
+
+#elif ! defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
+# /* skip */
+
+#elif defined(HAVE___VA_OPT__)
+# define rb_scan_args(argc, argvp, fmt, ...) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr( \
+ __builtin_constant_p(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args0( \
+ argc, argvp, fmt, \
+ (sizeof((VALUE*[]){__VA_ARGS__})/sizeof(VALUE*)), \
+ ((VALUE*[]){__VA_ARGS__})), \
+ (rb_scan_args)(argc, argvp, fmt __VA_OPT__(, __VA_ARGS__)))
+# define rb_scan_args_kw(kw_flag, argc, argvp, fmt, ...) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr( \
+ __builtin_constant_p(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_kw0( \
+ kw_flag, argc, argvp, fmt, \
+ (sizeof((VALUE*[]){__VA_ARGS__})/sizeof(VALUE*)), \
+ ((VALUE*[]){__VA_ARGS__})), \
+ (rb_scan_args_kw)(kw_flag, argc, argvp, fmt __VA_OPT__(, __VA_ARGS__)))
+
+#elif defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
+# /* skip */
+
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+# define rb_scan_args(argc, argvp, fmt, ...) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr( \
+ __builtin_constant_p(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args0( \
+ argc, argvp, fmt, \
+ (sizeof((VALUE*[]){__VA_ARGS__})/sizeof(VALUE*)), \
+ ((VALUE*[]){__VA_ARGS__})), \
+ (rb_scan_args)(argc, argvp, fmt, __VA_ARGS__))
+# define rb_scan_args_kw(kw_flag, argc, argvp, fmt, ...) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr( \
+ __builtin_constant_p(fmt), \
+ rb_scan_args_kw0( \
+ kw_flag, argc, argvp, fmt, \
+ (sizeof((VALUE*[]){__VA_ARGS__})/sizeof(VALUE*)), \
+ ((VALUE*[]){__VA_ARGS__})), \
+ (rb_scan_args_kw)(kw_flag, argc, argvp, fmt, __VA_ARGS__ /**/))
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_SCAN_ARGS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/special_consts.h b/include/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f36a230af2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_SPECIAL_CONSTS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_SPECIAL_CONSTS_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines enum ::ruby_special_consts.
+ * @see Sasada, K., "A Lighweight Representation of Floting-Point
+ * Numbers on Ruby Interpreter", in proceedings of 10th JSSST
+ * SIGPPL Workshop on Programming and Programming Languages
+ * (PPL2008), pp. 9-16, 2008.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+#if defined(USE_FLONUM)
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif SIZEOF_VALUE >= SIZEOF_DOUBLE
+# define USE_FLONUM 1
+#else
+# define USE_FLONUM 0
+#endif
+
+#define RTEST RB_TEST
+
+#define FIXNUM_P RB_FIXNUM_P
+#define IMMEDIATE_P RB_IMMEDIATE_P
+#define NIL_P RB_NIL_P
+#define SPECIAL_CONST_P RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P
+#define STATIC_SYM_P RB_STATIC_SYM_P
+
+#define Qfalse RUBY_Qfalse
+#define Qnil RUBY_Qnil
+#define Qtrue RUBY_Qtrue
+#define Qundef RUBY_Qundef
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define FIXNUM_FLAG RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG
+#define FLONUM_FLAG RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG
+#define FLONUM_MASK RUBY_FLONUM_MASK
+#define FLONUM_P RB_FLONUM_P
+#define IMMEDIATE_MASK RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK
+#define SYMBOL_FLAG RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG
+
+#define RB_FIXNUM_P RB_FIXNUM_P
+#define RB_FLONUM_P RB_FLONUM_P
+#define RB_IMMEDIATE_P RB_IMMEDIATE_P
+#define RB_NIL_P RB_NIL_P
+#define RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P
+#define RB_STATIC_SYM_P RB_STATIC_SYM_P
+#define RB_TEST RB_TEST
+/** @endcond */
+
+/** special constants - i.e. non-zero and non-fixnum constants */
+enum
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ENUM_EXTENSIBILITY(closed)
+ruby_special_consts {
+#if USE_FLONUM
+ RUBY_Qfalse = 0x00, /* ...0000 0000 */
+ RUBY_Qtrue = 0x14, /* ...0001 0100 */
+ RUBY_Qnil = 0x08, /* ...0000 1000 */
+ RUBY_Qundef = 0x34, /* ...0011 0100 */
+ RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK = 0x07, /* ...0000 0111 */
+ RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG = 0x01, /* ...xxxx xxx1 */
+ RUBY_FLONUM_MASK = 0x03, /* ...0000 0011 */
+ RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG = 0x02, /* ...xxxx xx10 */
+ RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG = 0x0c, /* ...xxxx 1100 */
+#else
+ RUBY_Qfalse = 0x00, /* ...0000 0000 */
+ RUBY_Qtrue = 0x02, /* ...0000 0010 */
+ RUBY_Qnil = 0x04, /* ...0000 0100 */
+ RUBY_Qundef = 0x06, /* ...0000 0110 */
+ RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK = 0x03, /* ...0000 0011 */
+ RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG = 0x01, /* ...xxxx xxx1 */
+ RUBY_FLONUM_MASK = 0x00, /* any values ANDed with FLONUM_MASK cannot be FLONUM_FLAG */
+ RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG = 0x02, /* ...0000 0010 */
+ RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG = 0x0e, /* ...0000 1110 */
+#endif
+
+ RUBY_SPECIAL_SHIFT = 8 /** Least significant 8 bits are reserved. */
+};
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/*
+ * :NOTE: rbimpl_test HAS to be `__attribute__((const))` in order for clang to
+ * properly deduce `__builtin_assume()`.
+ */
+static inline bool
+RB_TEST(VALUE obj)
+{
+ /*
+ * Qfalse: ....0000 0000
+ * Qnil: ....0000 1000
+ * ~Qnil: ....1111 0111
+ * v ....xxxx xxxx
+ * ----------------------------
+ * RTEST(v) ....xxxx 0xxx
+ *
+ * RTEST(v) can be 0 if and only if (v == Qfalse || v == Qnil).
+ */
+ return obj & ~RUBY_Qnil;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_NIL_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return obj == RUBY_Qnil;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_FIXNUM_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return obj & RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX14)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_STATIC_SYM_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX14)
+ const VALUE mask = ~(RBIMPL_VALUE_FULL << RUBY_SPECIAL_SHIFT);
+ return (obj & mask) == RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_FLONUM_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+#if USE_FLONUM
+ return (obj & RUBY_FLONUM_MASK) == RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG;
+#else
+ return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_IMMEDIATE_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return obj & RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return RB_IMMEDIATE_P(obj) || ! RB_TEST(obj);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+/* This function is to mimic old rb_special_const_p macro but have anyone
+ * actually used its return value? Wasn't it just something no one needed? */
+static inline VALUE
+rb_special_const_p(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj) * RUBY_Qtrue;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @cond INTERNAL_MACRO
+ * See [ruby-dev:27513] for the following macros.
+ */
+#define RUBY_Qfalse RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_Qfalse)
+#define RUBY_Qtrue RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_Qtrue)
+#define RUBY_Qnil RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_Qnil)
+#define RUBY_Qundef RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_Qundef)
+/** @endcond */
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_SPECIAL_CONSTS_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/static_assert.h b/include/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d4bdadf196
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT.
+ */
+#include <assert.h>
+#include "ruby/internal/has/extension.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__cpp_static_assert)
+# /* https://isocpp.org/std/standing-documents/sd-6-sg10-feature-test-recommendations */
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 static_assert
+
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 16, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 static_assert
+
+#elif defined(__INTEL_CXX11_MODE__)
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 static_assert
+
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 static_assert
+
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION(cxx_static_assert)
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 __extension__ static_assert
+
+#elif defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__) && __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 __extension__ static_assert
+
+#elif defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION(c_static_assert)
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 __extension__ _Static_assert
+
+#elif defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 6, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 __extension__ _Static_assert
+
+#elif defined(static_assert)
+# /* Take <assert.h> definition */
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0 static_assert
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Wraps (or simulates) `static_assert`
+ * @param name Valid C/C++ identifier, describing the assertion.
+ * @param expr Expression to assert.
+ * @note `name` shall not be a string literal.
+ */
+#if defined(__DOXYGEN__)
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT static_assert
+
+#elif defined(RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0)
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT(name, expr) \
+ RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT0(expr, # name ": " # expr)
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT(name, expr) \
+ typedef int static_assert_ ## name ## _check[1 - 2 * !(expr)]
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/stdalign.h b/include/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..02eb7ab959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_STDALIGN_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_STDALIGN_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_ALIGNAS / #RBIMPL_ALIGNOF
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/feature.h"
+
+/**
+ * Wraps (or simulates) `alignas`. This is C++11's `alignas` and is _different_
+ * from C11 `_Alignas`. For instance,
+ *
+ * ```CXX
+ * typedef struct alignas(128) foo { int foo } foo;
+ * ```
+ *
+ * is a valid C++ while
+ *
+ * ```C
+ * typedef struct _Alignas(128) foo { int foo } foo;
+ * ```
+ *
+ * is an invalid C because:
+ *
+ * - You cannot `struct _Alignas`.
+ * - A `typedef` cannot have alignments.
+ */
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && RBIMPL_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_alignas)
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNAS alignas
+
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNAS alignas
+
+#elif defined(__INTEL_CXX11_MODE__)
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNAS alignas
+
+#elif defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNAS alignas
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(align)
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNAS(_) __declspec(align(_))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(aligned)
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNAS(_) __attribute__((__aligned__(_)))
+
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNAS(_) /* void */
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Wraps (or simulates) `alignof`.
+ *
+ * We want C11's `_Alignof`. However in spite of its clear language, compilers
+ * (including GCC and clang) tend to have buggy implementations. We have to
+ * avoid such things to resort to our own version.
+ *
+ * @see https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52023
+ * @see https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=69560
+ * @see https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=26547
+ */
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+# /* C++11 `alignof()` can be buggy. */
+# /* see: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=69560 */
+# /* But don't worry, we can use templates. */
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNOF(T) (static_cast<size_t>(ruby::rbimpl_alignof<T>::value))
+
+namespace ruby {
+template<typename T>
+struct rbimpl_alignof {
+ typedef struct {
+ char _;
+ T t;
+ } type;
+
+ enum {
+ value = offsetof(type, t)
+ };
+};
+}
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(MSVC)
+# /* Windows have no alignment glitch.*/
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNOF __alignof
+
+#elif defined(HAVE__ALIGNOF)
+# /* Autoconf detected availability of a sane `_Alignof()`. */
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNOF(T) RB_GNUC_EXTENSION(_Alignof(T))
+
+#else
+# /* :BEWARE: This is the last resort. If your compiler somehow supports
+# * querying the alignment of a type, you definitely should use that instead.
+# * There are 2 known pitfalls for this fallback implementation:
+# *
+# * First, it is either an undefined behaviour (C) or an explicit error (C++)
+# * to define a struct inside of `offsetof`. C compilers tend to accept such
+# * things, but AFAIK C++ has no room to allow.
+# *
+# * Second, there exist T such that `struct { char _; T t; }` is invalid. A
+# * known example is when T is a struct with a flexible array member. Such
+# * struct cannot be enclosed into another one.
+# */
+# /* see: http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2083.htm */
+# /* see: http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2350.htm */
+# define RBIMPL_ALIGNOF(T) offsetof(struct { char _; T t; }, t)
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_STDALIGN_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/stdbool.h b/include/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0cd5103a05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_STDBOOL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_STDBOOL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief C99 shim for <stdbool.h>
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#if defined(__bool_true_false_are_defined)
+# /* Take that. */
+
+#elif defined(__cplusplus)
+# /* bool is a keyword in C++. */
+# if defined(HAVE_STDBOOL_H) && (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
+# include <cstdbool>
+# endif
+#
+# ifndef __bool_true_false_are_defined
+# define __bool_true_false_are_defined
+# endif
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_STDBOOL_H)
+# /* Take stdbool.h definition. */
+# include <stdbool.h>
+
+#else
+typedef unsigned char _Bool;
+# /* See also http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2229.htm */
+# define bool _Bool
+# define true ((_Bool)+1)
+# define false ((_Bool)+0)
+# define __bool_true_false_are_defined
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_STDBOOL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/symbol.h b/include/ruby/internal/symbol.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..762f1e8f9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/symbol.h
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_SYMBOL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_SYMBOL_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #rb_intern
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDDEF_H
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
+# include <string.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/constant_p.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/builtin.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+
+#define RB_ID2SYM rb_id2sym
+#define RB_SYM2ID rb_sym2id
+#define ID2SYM RB_ID2SYM
+#define SYM2ID RB_SYM2ID
+#define CONST_ID_CACHE RUBY_CONST_ID_CACHE
+#define CONST_ID RUBY_CONST_ID
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define rb_intern_const rb_intern_const
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+ID rb_sym2id(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_id2sym(ID);
+ID rb_intern(const char*);
+ID rb_intern2(const char*, long);
+ID rb_intern_str(VALUE str);
+const char *rb_id2name(ID);
+ID rb_check_id(volatile VALUE *);
+ID rb_to_id(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_id2str(ID);
+VALUE rb_sym2str(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_to_symbol(VALUE name);
+VALUE rb_check_symbol(volatile VALUE *namep);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+static inline ID
+rb_intern_const(const char *str)
+{
+ size_t len = strlen(str);
+ return rb_intern2(str, RBIMPL_CAST((long)len));
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+static inline ID
+rbimpl_intern_const(ID *ptr, const char *str)
+{
+ while (! *ptr) {
+ *ptr = rb_intern_const(str);
+ }
+
+ return *ptr;
+}
+
+/* Does anyone use it? Preserved for backward compat. */
+#define RUBY_CONST_ID_CACHE(result, str) \
+ { \
+ static ID rb_intern_id_cache; \
+ rbimpl_intern_const(&rb_intern_id_cache, (str)); \
+ result rb_intern_id_cache; \
+ }
+#define RUBY_CONST_ID(var, str) \
+ do { \
+ static ID rbimpl_id; \
+ (var) = rbimpl_intern_const(&rbimpl_id, (str)); \
+ } while (0)
+
+#if defined(HAVE_STMT_AND_DECL_IN_EXPR)
+/* __builtin_constant_p and statement expression is available
+ * since gcc-2.7.2.3 at least. */
+#define rb_intern(str) \
+ (RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(str) ? \
+ __extension__ ({ \
+ static ID rbimpl_id; \
+ rbimpl_intern_const(&rbimpl_id, (str)); \
+ }) : \
+ (rb_intern)(str))
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_SYMBOL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/token_paste.h b/include/ruby/internal/token_paste.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c42f7a67ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/token_paste.h
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines #RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/warning.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/warning_push.h"
+
+/* :TODO: add your compiler here. There are many compilers that can suppress
+ * warnings via pragmas, but not all of them accept such things inside of `#if`
+ * and variants' conditions. And such nitpicking behavours tend not be
+ * documented. Please improve this file when you are really sure about your
+ * compiler's behaviour. */
+
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 2, 0)
+# /* GCC is one of such compiler who cannot write `_Pragma` inside of a `#if`.
+# * Cannot but globally kill everything. This is of course a very bad thing.
+# * If you know how to reroute this please tell us. */
+# /* https://gcc.godbolt.org/z/K2xr7X */
+# define RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(x, y) TOKEN_PASTE(x, y)
+# pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wundef"
+# /* > warning: "symbol" is not defined, evaluates to 0 [-Wundef] */
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Intel)
+# /* Ditto for icc. */
+# /* https://gcc.godbolt.org/z/pTwDxE */
+# define RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(x, y) TOKEN_PASTE(x, y)
+# pragma warning(disable: 193)
+# /* > warning #193: zero used for undefined preprocessing identifier */
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(MSVC, 19, 14, 26428)
+# /* :FIXME: is 19.14 the exact version they supported this? */
+# define RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(x, y) TOKEN_PASTE(x, y)
+# pragma warning(disable: 4668)
+# /* > warning C4668: 'symbol' is not defined as a preprocessor macro */
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(MSVC)
+# define RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(x, y) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(4668) \
+ TOKEN_PASTE(x, y) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wundef")
+# define RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(x, y) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wundef) \
+ TOKEN_PASTE(x, y) \
+ RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+
+#else
+# /* No way. */
+# define RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE(x, y) TOKEN_PASTE(x, y)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_TOKEN_PASTE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/value.h b/include/ruby/internal/value.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b87fe140af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/value.h
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_VALUE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_VALUE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines ::VALUE and ::ID.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/static_assert.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/long_long.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/limits.h"
+
+#if defined HAVE_UINTPTR_T && 0
+typedef uintptr_t VALUE;
+typedef uintptr_t ID;
+# define SIGNED_VALUE intptr_t
+# define SIZEOF_VALUE SIZEOF_UINTPTR_T
+# undef PRI_VALUE_PREFIX
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_NULL UINTPTR_C(0)
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_ONE UINTPTR_C(1)
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_FULL UINTPTR_MAX
+
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
+typedef unsigned long VALUE;
+typedef unsigned long ID;
+# define SIGNED_VALUE long
+# define SIZEOF_VALUE SIZEOF_LONG
+# define PRI_VALUE_PREFIX "l"
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_NULL 0UL
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_ONE 1UL
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_FULL ULONG_MAX
+
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
+typedef unsigned LONG_LONG VALUE;
+typedef unsigned LONG_LONG ID;
+# define SIGNED_VALUE LONG_LONG
+# define LONG_LONG_VALUE 1
+# define SIZEOF_VALUE SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+# define PRI_VALUE_PREFIX PRI_LL_PREFIX
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_NULL 0ULL
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_ONE 1ULL
+# define RBIMPL_VALUE_FULL ULLONG_MAX
+
+#else
+# error ---->> ruby requires sizeof(void*) == sizeof(long) or sizeof(LONG_LONG) to be compiled. <<----
+#endif
+
+RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_int, SIZEOF_INT == sizeof(int));
+RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_long, SIZEOF_LONG == sizeof(long));
+RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_long_long, SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == sizeof(LONG_LONG));
+RBIMPL_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_voidp, SIZEOF_VOIDP == sizeof(void *));
+#endif /* RBIMPL_VALUE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/value_type.h b/include/ruby/internal/value_type.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f24f08910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/value_type.h
@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_VALUE_TYPE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_VALUE_TYPE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines enum ::ruby_value_type.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/cold.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/cast.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/constant_p.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/builtin.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+
+#if defined(T_DATA)
+/*
+ * :!BEWARE!: (Recent?) Solaris' <nfs/nfs.h> have conflicting definition of
+ * T_DATA. Let us stop here. Please have a workaround like this:
+ *
+ * ```C
+ * #include <ruby/ruby.h> // <- Include this one first.
+ * #undef T_DATA // <- ... and stick to RUBY_T_DATA forever.
+ * #include <nfs/nfs.h> // <- OS-provided T_DATA introduced.
+ * ```
+ *
+ * See also [ruby-core:4261]
+ */
+# error Bail out due to conflicting definition of T_DATA.
+#endif
+
+#define T_ARRAY RUBY_T_ARRAY
+#define T_BIGNUM RUBY_T_BIGNUM
+#define T_CLASS RUBY_T_CLASS
+#define T_COMPLEX RUBY_T_COMPLEX
+#define T_DATA RUBY_T_DATA
+#define T_FALSE RUBY_T_FALSE
+#define T_FILE RUBY_T_FILE
+#define T_FIXNUM RUBY_T_FIXNUM
+#define T_FLOAT RUBY_T_FLOAT
+#define T_HASH RUBY_T_HASH
+#define T_ICLASS RUBY_T_ICLASS
+#define T_IMEMO RUBY_T_IMEMO
+#define T_MASK RUBY_T_MASK
+#define T_MATCH RUBY_T_MATCH
+#define T_MODULE RUBY_T_MODULE
+#define T_MOVED RUBY_T_MOVED
+#define T_NIL RUBY_T_NIL
+#define T_NODE RUBY_T_NODE
+#define T_NONE RUBY_T_NONE
+#define T_OBJECT RUBY_T_OBJECT
+#define T_RATIONAL RUBY_T_RATIONAL
+#define T_REGEXP RUBY_T_REGEXP
+#define T_STRING RUBY_T_STRING
+#define T_STRUCT RUBY_T_STRUCT
+#define T_SYMBOL RUBY_T_SYMBOL
+#define T_TRUE RUBY_T_TRUE
+#define T_UNDEF RUBY_T_UNDEF
+#define T_ZOMBIE RUBY_T_ZOMBIE
+
+#define BUILTIN_TYPE RB_BUILTIN_TYPE
+#define DYNAMIC_SYM_P RB_DYNAMIC_SYM_P
+#define RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P rb_integer_type_p
+#define SYMBOL_P RB_SYMBOL_P
+#define rb_type_p RB_TYPE_P
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RB_BUILTIN_TYPE RB_BUILTIN_TYPE
+#define RB_DYNAMIC_SYM_P RB_DYNAMIC_SYM_P
+#define RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P
+#define RB_SYMBOL_P RB_SYMBOL_P
+#define RB_TYPE_P RB_TYPE_P
+#define Check_Type Check_Type
+
+#if !RUBY_DEBUG
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(v, t) RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_TYPE_P((v), (t)))
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE Check_Type
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+#define TYPE(_) RBIMPL_CAST((int)rb_type(_))
+
+/** C-level type of an object. */
+enum
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ENUM_EXTENSIBILITY(closed)
+ruby_value_type {
+ RUBY_T_NONE = 0x00, /**< Non-object (sweeped etc.) */
+
+ RUBY_T_OBJECT = 0x01, /**< @see struct ::RObject */
+ RUBY_T_CLASS = 0x02, /**< @see struct ::RClass and ::rb_cClass */
+ RUBY_T_MODULE = 0x03, /**< @see struct ::RClass and ::rb_cModule */
+ RUBY_T_FLOAT = 0x04, /**< @see struct ::RFloat */
+ RUBY_T_STRING = 0x05, /**< @see struct ::RString */
+ RUBY_T_REGEXP = 0x06, /**< @see struct ::RRegexp */
+ RUBY_T_ARRAY = 0x07, /**< @see struct ::RArray */
+ RUBY_T_HASH = 0x08, /**< @see struct ::RHash */
+ RUBY_T_STRUCT = 0x09, /**< @see struct ::RStruct */
+ RUBY_T_BIGNUM = 0x0a, /**< @see struct ::RBignum */
+ RUBY_T_FILE = 0x0b, /**< @see struct ::RFile */
+ RUBY_T_DATA = 0x0c, /**< @see struct ::RTypedData */
+ RUBY_T_MATCH = 0x0d, /**< @see struct ::RMatch */
+ RUBY_T_COMPLEX = 0x0e, /**< @see struct ::RComplex */
+ RUBY_T_RATIONAL = 0x0f, /**< @see struct ::RRational */
+
+ RUBY_T_NIL = 0x11, /**< @see ::RUBY_Qnil */
+ RUBY_T_TRUE = 0x12, /**< @see ::RUBY_Qfalse */
+ RUBY_T_FALSE = 0x13, /**< @see ::RUBY_Qtrue */
+ RUBY_T_SYMBOL = 0x14, /**< @see struct ::RSymbol */
+ RUBY_T_FIXNUM = 0x15, /**< Integers formerly known as Fixnums. */
+ RUBY_T_UNDEF = 0x16, /**< @see ::RUBY_Qundef */
+
+ RUBY_T_IMEMO = 0x1a, /**< @see struct ::RIMemo */
+ RUBY_T_NODE = 0x1b, /**< @see struct ::RNode */
+ RUBY_T_ICLASS = 0x1c, /**< Hidden classes known as IClasses. */
+ RUBY_T_ZOMBIE = 0x1d, /**< @see struct ::RZombie */
+ RUBY_T_MOVED = 0x1e, /**< @see struct ::RMoved */
+
+ RUBY_T_MASK = 0x1f
+};
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
+void rb_check_type(VALUE obj, int t);
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline enum ruby_value_type
+RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(! RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj));
+
+ VALUE ret = RBASIC(obj)->flags & RUBY_T_MASK;
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((enum ruby_value_type)ret);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+static inline bool
+rb_integer_type_p(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (RB_FIXNUM_P(obj)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ else if (RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else {
+ return RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == RUBY_T_BIGNUM;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+static inline enum ruby_value_type
+rb_type(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (! RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+ return RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(obj);
+ }
+ else if (obj == RUBY_Qfalse) {
+ return RUBY_T_FALSE;
+ }
+ else if (obj == RUBY_Qnil) {
+ return RUBY_T_NIL;
+ }
+ else if (obj == RUBY_Qtrue) {
+ return RUBY_T_TRUE;
+ }
+ else if (obj == RUBY_Qundef) {
+ return RUBY_T_UNDEF;
+ }
+ else if (RB_FIXNUM_P(obj)) {
+ return RUBY_T_FIXNUM;
+ }
+ else if (RB_STATIC_SYM_P(obj)) {
+ return RUBY_T_SYMBOL;
+ }
+ else {
+ RBIMPL_ASSUME(RB_FLONUM_P(obj));
+ return RUBY_T_FLOAT;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (RB_FLONUM_P(obj)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ else if (RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else {
+ return RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == RUBY_T_FLOAT;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_DYNAMIC_SYM_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+ if (RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else {
+ return RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == RUBY_T_SYMBOL;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_SYMBOL_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+ return RB_STATIC_SYM_P(obj) || RB_DYNAMIC_SYM_P(obj);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE()
+static bool
+rbimpl_RB_TYPE_P_fastpath(VALUE obj, enum ruby_value_type t)
+{
+ if (t == RUBY_T_TRUE) {
+ return obj == RUBY_Qtrue;
+ }
+ else if (t == RUBY_T_FALSE) {
+ return obj == RUBY_Qfalse;
+ }
+ else if (t == RUBY_T_NIL) {
+ return obj == RUBY_Qnil;
+ }
+ else if (t == RUBY_T_UNDEF) {
+ return obj == RUBY_Qundef;
+ }
+ else if (t == RUBY_T_FIXNUM) {
+ return RB_FIXNUM_P(obj);
+ }
+ else if (t == RUBY_T_SYMBOL) {
+ return RB_SYMBOL_P(obj);
+ }
+ else if (t == RUBY_T_FLOAT) {
+ return RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(obj);
+ }
+ else if (RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ else if (t == RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ else {
+ return false;
+ }
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline bool
+RB_TYPE_P(VALUE obj, enum ruby_value_type t)
+{
+ if (RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(t)) {
+ return rbimpl_RB_TYPE_P_fastpath(obj, t);
+ }
+ else {
+ return t == rb_type(obj);
+ }
+}
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+/* Clang, unlike GCC, cannot propagate __builtin_constant_p beyond function
+ * boundary. */
+#if defined(__clang__)
+# undef RB_TYPE_P
+# define RB_TYPE_P(obj, t) \
+ (RBIMPL_CONSTANT_P(t) ? \
+ rbimpl_RB_TYPE_P_fastpath((obj), (t)) : \
+ (RB_TYPE_P)((obj), (t)))
+#endif
+
+/* clang 3.x (4.2 compatible) can't eliminate CSE of RB_BUILTIN_TYPE
+ * in inline function and caller function
+ * See also 8998c06461ea0bef11b3aeb30b6d2ab71c8762ba
+ */
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_BEFORE(Clang, 4, 0, 0)
+# undef rb_integer_type_p
+# define rb_integer_type_p(obj) \
+ __extension__ ({ \
+ const VALUE integer_type_obj = (obj); \
+ (RB_FIXNUM_P(integer_type_obj) || \
+ (!RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(integer_type_obj) && \
+ RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(integer_type_obj) == RUBY_T_BIGNUM)); \
+ })
+#endif
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/* Defined in ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h */
+static inline bool rbimpl_rtypeddata_p(VALUE obj);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+static inline void
+Check_Type(VALUE v, enum ruby_value_type t)
+{
+ if (RB_UNLIKELY(! RB_TYPE_P(v, t))) {
+ goto slowpath;
+ }
+ else if (t != RUBY_T_DATA) {
+ goto fastpath;
+ }
+ else if (rbimpl_rtypeddata_p(v)) {
+ /* The intention itself is not necessarily clear to me, but at least it
+ * is intentional to rule out typed data here. See commit
+ * a7c32bf81d3391cfb78cfda278f469717d0fb794. */
+ goto slowpath;
+ }
+ else {
+ goto fastpath;
+ }
+
+ fastpath:
+ return;
+
+ slowpath: /* <- :TODO: mark this label as cold. */
+ rb_check_type(v, t);
+}
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_VALUE_TYPE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/variable.h b/include/ruby/internal/variable.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0cfa61a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/variable.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_VARIABLE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_VARIABLE_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief C-function backended Ruby-global variables.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+typedef VALUE rb_gvar_getter_t(ID id, VALUE *data);
+typedef void rb_gvar_setter_t(VALUE val, ID id, VALUE *data);
+typedef void rb_gvar_marker_t(VALUE *var);
+
+rb_gvar_getter_t rb_gvar_undef_getter;
+rb_gvar_setter_t rb_gvar_undef_setter;
+rb_gvar_marker_t rb_gvar_undef_marker;
+
+rb_gvar_getter_t rb_gvar_val_getter;
+rb_gvar_setter_t rb_gvar_val_setter;
+rb_gvar_marker_t rb_gvar_val_marker;
+
+rb_gvar_getter_t rb_gvar_var_getter;
+rb_gvar_setter_t rb_gvar_var_setter;
+rb_gvar_marker_t rb_gvar_var_marker;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+rb_gvar_setter_t rb_gvar_readonly_setter;
+
+void rb_define_variable(const char*,VALUE*);
+void rb_define_virtual_variable(const char*,rb_gvar_getter_t*,rb_gvar_setter_t*);
+void rb_define_hooked_variable(const char*,VALUE*,rb_gvar_getter_t*,rb_gvar_setter_t*);
+void rb_define_readonly_variable(const char*,const VALUE*);
+void rb_define_const(VALUE,const char*,VALUE);
+void rb_define_global_const(const char*,VALUE);
+
+VALUE rb_gv_set(const char*, VALUE);
+VALUE rb_gv_get(const char*);
+VALUE rb_iv_get(VALUE, const char*);
+VALUE rb_iv_set(VALUE, const char*, VALUE);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_VARIABLE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/warning_push.h b/include/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b8a21aaeab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Defines RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH.
+ * @cond INTERNAL_MACRO
+ *
+ * ### Q&A ###
+ *
+ * Q: Why all the macros defined in this file are function-like macros?
+ *
+ * A: Sigh. This is because of Doxgen. Its `SKIP_FUNCTION_MACROS = YES`
+ * configuration setting requests us that if we want it to ignore these
+ * macros, then we have to do two things: (1) let them be defined as
+ * function-like macros, and (2) place them separately in their own line,
+ * like below:
+ *
+ * ```CXX
+ * // NG -- foo's type considered something like `unsigned int`.
+ * RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH
+ * int foo(void);
+ * RBIMPL_WARNING_POP
+ *
+ * // OK -- the macros are ignored by Doxygen.
+ * RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH()
+ * int foo(void);
+ * RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
+ * ```
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_is.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/compiler_since.h"
+
+#if RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(MSVC, 12, 0, 0)
+# /* Not sure exactly when but it seems VC++ 6.0 is a version with it.*/
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() __pragma(warning(push))
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_POP() __pragma(warning(pop))
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_ERROR(flag) __pragma(warning(error: flag))
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(flag) __pragma(warning(disable: flag))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(Intel, 13, 0, 0)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() __pragma(warning(push))
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_POP() __pragma(warning(pop))
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_ERROR(flag) __pragma(warning(error: flag))
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(flag) __pragma(warning(disable: flag))
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Clang) || RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(Apple)
+# /* Not sure exactly when but it seems LLVM 2.6.0 is a version with it. */
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA0(x) _Pragma(# x)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA1(x) RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA0(clang diagnostic x)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA2(x, y) RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA1(x # y)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA1(push)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_POP() RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA1(pop)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_ERROR(flag) RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA2(error, flag)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(flag) RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA2(ignored, flag)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_COMPILER_SINCE(GCC, 4, 6, 0)
+# /* https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.6.0/gcc/Diagnostic-Pragmas.html */
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA0(x) _Pragma(# x)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA1(x) RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA0(GCC diagnostic x)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA2(x, y) RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA1(x # y)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA1(push)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_POP() RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA1(pop)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_ERROR(flag) RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA2(error, flag)
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(flag) RBIMPL_WARNING_PRAGMA2(ignored, flag)
+
+#else
+# /* :FIXME: improve here */
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH() /* void */
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_POP() /* void */
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_ERROR(flag) /* void */
+# define RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(flag) /* void */
+#endif /* _MSC_VER */
+/** @endcond */
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h b/include/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76da1eb099
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_XMALLOC_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_XMALLOC_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are
+ * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could
+ * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file
+ * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist
+ * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ * anytime at will.
+ * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly
+ * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++.
+ * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available.
+ * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of
+ * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief Declares ::ruby_xmalloc().
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
+# include <stdlib.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+#ifndef USE_GC_MALLOC_OBJ_INFO_DETAILS
+# define USE_GC_MALLOC_OBJ_INFO_DETAILS 0
+#endif
+
+#define xmalloc ruby_xmalloc
+#define xmalloc2 ruby_xmalloc2
+#define xcalloc ruby_xcalloc
+#define xrealloc ruby_xrealloc
+#define xrealloc2 ruby_xrealloc2
+#define xfree ruby_xfree
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((1))
+/**
+ * Allocates a storage instance. It is largely the same as system malloc(),
+ * except:
+ *
+ * - It raises Ruby exceptions instead of returning NULL, and
+ * - In case of `ENOMEM` it tries to GC to make some room.
+ *
+ * @param[in] size Requested amount of memory.
+ * @exception rb_eNoMemError No space left for `size` bytes allocation.
+ * @return A valid pointer to an allocated storage instance; which has at
+ * least `size` bytes width, with appropriate alignment detected by
+ * the underlying malloc() routine.
+ * @note It doesn't return NULL.
+ * @note Unlike some malloc() implementations, it allocates something and
+ * returns a meaningful value even when `size` is equal to zero.
+ * @warning The return value shall be invalidated exactly once by either
+ * ruby_xfree(), ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2(). It is a
+ * failure to pass it to system free(), because the system and Ruby
+ * might or might not share the same malloc() implementation.
+ */
+void *ruby_xmalloc(size_t size)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(malloc(size))
+;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((1,2))
+/**
+ * Identical to ruby_xmalloc(), except it allocates `nelems` * `elemsiz` bytes.
+ * This is needed because the multiplication could integer overflow. On such
+ * situations Ruby does not try to allocate at all but raises Ruby level
+ * exceptions instead. If there is no integer overflow the behaviour is
+ * exactly the same as `ruby_xmalloc(nelems*elemsiz)`.
+ *
+ * @param[in] nelems Number of elements.
+ * @param[in] elemsiz Size of an element.
+ * @exception rb_eNoMemError No space left for allocation.
+ * @exception rb_eArgError `nelems` * `elemsiz` would overflow.
+ * @return A valid pointer to an allocated storage instance; which has at
+ * least `nelems` * `elemsiz` bytes width, with appropriate
+ * alignment detected by the underlying malloc() routine.
+ * @note It doesn't return NULL.
+ * @note Unlike some malloc() implementations, it allocates something and
+ * returns a meaningful value even when `nelems` or `elemsiz` or
+ * both are zero.
+ * @warning The return value shall be invalidated exactly once by either
+ * ruby_xfree(), ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2(). It is a
+ * failure to pass it to system free(), because the system and Ruby
+ * might or might not share the same malloc() implementation.
+ */
+void *ruby_xmalloc2(size_t nelems, size_t elemsiz)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(malloc(nelems * elemsiz))
+;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((1,2))
+/**
+ * Identical to ruby_xmalloc2(), except it zero-fills the region before it
+ * returns. This could also be seen as a routine identical to ruby_xmalloc(),
+ * except it calls calloc() instead of malloc() internally.
+ *
+ * @param[in] nelems Number of elements.
+ * @param[in] elemsiz Size of an element.
+ * @exception rb_eNoMemError No space left for allocation.
+ * @exception rb_eArgError `nelems` * `elemsiz` would overflow.
+ * @return A valid pointer to an allocated storage instance; which has at
+ * least `nelems` * `elemsiz` bytes width, with appropriate
+ * alignment detected by the underlying calloc() routine.
+ * @note It doesn't return NULL.
+ * @note Unlike some calloc() implementations, it allocates something and
+ * returns a meaningful value even when `nelems` or `elemsiz` or
+ * both are zero.
+ * @warning The return value shall be invalidated exactly once by either
+ * ruby_xfree(), ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2(). It is a
+ * failure to pass it to system free(), because the system and Ruby
+ * might or might not share the same malloc() implementation.
+ */
+void *ruby_xcalloc(size_t nelems, size_t elemsiz)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(calloc(nelems, elemsiz))
+;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2))
+/**
+ * Resize the storage instance.
+ *
+ * @param[in] ptr A valid pointer to a storage instance that was
+ * previously returned from either ruby_xmalloc(),
+ * ruby_xmalloc2(), ruby_xcalloc(),
+ * ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2().
+ * @param[in] newsiz Requested new amount of memory.
+ * @exception rb_eNoMemError No space left for `newsiz` bytes allocation.
+ * @retval ptr In case the function returns the passed pointer
+ * as-is, the storage instance that the pointer
+ * holds is either grown or shrunken to have at
+ * least `newsiz` bytes.
+ * @retval otherwise A valid pointer to a newly allocated storage
+ * instance which has at least `newsiz` bytes
+ * width, and holds previous contents of `ptr`. In
+ * this case `ptr` is invalidated as if it was
+ * passed to ruby_xfree().
+ * @note It doesn't return NULL.
+ * @warning Unlike some realloc() implementations, passing zero to `elemsiz`
+ * is not the same as calling ruby_xfree(), because this function
+ * never returns NULL. Something meaningful still returns then.
+ * @warning It is a failure not to check the return value. Do not assume
+ * anything on it. It could be either identical to, or distinct
+ * form the passed argument.
+ * @warning Do not assume anything on the alignment of the return value.
+ * There is no guarantee that it inherits the passed argument's
+ * one.
+ * @warning The return value shall be invalidated exactly once by either
+ * ruby_xfree(), ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2(). It is a
+ * failure to pass it to system free(), because the system and Ruby
+ * might or might not share the same malloc() implementation.
+ */
+void *ruby_xrealloc(void *ptr, size_t newsiz)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(realloc(ptr, newsiz))
+;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2,3))
+/**
+ * Identical to ruby_xrealloc(), except it resizes the given storage instance
+ * to `newelems` * `newsiz` bytes. This is needed because the multiplication
+ * could integer overflow. On such situations Ruby does not try to touch the
+ * contents of argument pointer at all but raises Ruby level exceptions
+ * instead. If there is no integer overflow the behaviour is exactly the same
+ * as `ruby_xrealloc(ptr,nelems*elemsiz)`.
+ *
+ * This is roughly the same as reallocarray() function that OpenBSD
+ * etc. provides, but also interacts with our GC.
+ *
+ * @param[in] ptr A valid pointer to a storage instance that was
+ * previously returned from either ruby_xmalloc(),
+ * ruby_xmalloc2(), ruby_xcalloc(),
+ * ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2().
+
+ * @param[in] newelems Requested new number of elements.
+ * @param[in] newsiz Requested new size of each element.
+ * @exception rb_eNoMemError No space left for allocation.
+ * @exception rb_eArgError `newelems` * `newsiz` would overflow.
+ * @retval ptr In case the function returns the passed pointer
+ * as-is, the storage instance that the pointer
+ * holds is either grown or shrunken to have at
+ * least `newelems` * `newsiz` bytes.
+ * @retval otherwise A valid pointer to a newly allocated storage
+ * instance which has at least `newelems` *
+ * `newsiz` bytes width, and holds previous
+ * contents of `ptr`. In this case `ptr` is
+ * invalidated as if it was passed to ruby_xfree().
+ * @note It doesn't return NULL.
+ * @warning Unlike some realloc() implementations, passing zero to either
+ * `newelems` or `elemsiz` are not the same as calling
+ * ruby_xfree(), because this function never returns NULL.
+ * Something meaningful still returns then.
+ * @warning It is a failure not to check the return value. Do not assume
+ * anything on it. It could be either identical to, or distinct
+ * form the passed argument.
+ * @warning Do not assume anything on the alignment of the return value.
+ * There is no guarantee that it inherits the passed argument's
+ * one.
+ * @warning The return value shall be invalidated exactly once by either
+ * ruby_xfree(), ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2(). It is a
+ * failure to pass it to system free(), because the system and Ruby
+ * might or might not share the same malloc() implementation.
+ */
+void *ruby_xrealloc2(void *ptr, size_t newelems, size_t newsiz)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(realloc(ptr, newelems * newsiz))
+;
+
+/**
+ * Deallocates a storage instance.
+ *
+ * @param[out] ptr Either NULL, or a valid pointer previously returned from
+ * one of ruby_xmalloc(), ruby_xmalloc2(), ruby_xcalloc(),
+ * ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2().
+ * @warning Every single storage instance that was previously allocated by
+ * either ruby_xmalloc(), ruby_xmalloc2(), ruby_xcalloc(),
+ * ruby_xrealloc(), or ruby_xrealloc2() shall be invalidated
+ * exactly once by either passing it to ruby_xfree(), or passing
+ * it to either ruby_xrealloc(), ruby_xrealloc2() then check the
+ * return value for invalidation.
+ * @warning Do not pass anything other than pointers described above. For
+ * instance pointers returned from malloc() or mmap() shall not be
+ * passed to this function, because the underlying memory
+ * management mechanism could differ.
+ * @warning Do not pass any invalid pointers to this function e.g. by
+ * calling it twice with a same argument.
+ */
+void ruby_xfree(void *ptr)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(free(ptr))
+;
+
+#if USE_GC_MALLOC_OBJ_INFO_DETAILS || defined(__DOXYGEN)
+# define ruby_xmalloc(s1) ruby_xmalloc_with_location(s1, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+# define ruby_xmalloc2(s1, s2) ruby_xmalloc2_with_location(s1, s2, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+# define ruby_xcalloc(s1, s2) ruby_xcalloc_with_location(s1, s2, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+# define ruby_xrealloc(ptr, s1) ruby_xrealloc_with_location(ptr, s1, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+# define ruby_xrealloc2(ptr, s1, s2) ruby_xrealloc2_with_location(ptr, s1, s2, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((1))
+void *ruby_xmalloc_body(size_t size)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(malloc(size))
+;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((1,2))
+void *ruby_xmalloc2_body(size_t nelems, size_t elemsiz)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(malloc(nelems * elemsiz))
+;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RESTRICT()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((1,2))
+void *ruby_xcalloc_body(size_t nelems, size_t elemsiz)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(calloc(nelems, elemsiz))
+;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2))
+void *ruby_xrealloc_body(void *ptr, size_t newsiz)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(realloc(ptr, newsiz))
+;
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NODISCARD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2,3))
+void *ruby_xrealloc2_body(void *ptr, size_t newelems, size_t newsiz)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOEXCEPT(realloc(ptr, newelems * newsiz))
+;
+
+RUBY_EXTERN const char *ruby_malloc_info_file;
+RUBY_EXTERN int ruby_malloc_info_line;
+
+static inline void *
+ruby_xmalloc_with_location(size_t s, const char *file, int line)
+{
+ void *ptr;
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = file;
+ ruby_malloc_info_line = line;
+ ptr = ruby_xmalloc_body(s);
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = NULL;
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+static inline void *
+ruby_xmalloc2_with_location(size_t s1, size_t s2, const char *file, int line)
+{
+ void *ptr;
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = file;
+ ruby_malloc_info_line = line;
+ ptr = ruby_xmalloc2_body(s1, s2);
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = NULL;
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+static inline void *
+ruby_xcalloc_with_location(size_t s1, size_t s2, const char *file, int line)
+{
+ void *ptr;
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = file;
+ ruby_malloc_info_line = line;
+ ptr = ruby_xcalloc_body(s1, s2);
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = NULL;
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+static inline void *
+ruby_xrealloc_with_location(void *ptr, size_t s, const char *file, int line)
+{
+ void *rptr;
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = file;
+ ruby_malloc_info_line = line;
+ rptr = ruby_xrealloc_body(ptr, s);
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = NULL;
+ return rptr;
+}
+
+static inline void *
+ruby_xrealloc2_with_location(void *ptr, size_t s1, size_t s2, const char *file, int line)
+{
+ void *rptr;
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = file;
+ ruby_malloc_info_line = line;
+ rptr = ruby_xrealloc2_body(ptr, s1, s2);
+ ruby_malloc_info_file = NULL;
+ return rptr;
+}
+#endif
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RBIMPL_XMALLOC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/io.h b/include/ruby/io.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a3de95f281
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/io.h
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_IO_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_IO_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Fri Nov 12 16:47:09 JST 1993
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "ruby/encoding.h"
+
+#if defined(HAVE_STDIO_EXT_H)
+#include <stdio_ext.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#if defined(HAVE_POLL)
+# ifdef _AIX
+# define reqevents events
+# define rtnevents revents
+# endif
+# include <poll.h>
+# ifdef _AIX
+# undef reqevents
+# undef rtnevents
+# undef events
+# undef revents
+# endif
+# define RB_WAITFD_IN POLLIN
+# define RB_WAITFD_PRI POLLPRI
+# define RB_WAITFD_OUT POLLOUT
+#else
+# define RB_WAITFD_IN 0x001
+# define RB_WAITFD_PRI 0x002
+# define RB_WAITFD_OUT 0x004
+#endif
+
+typedef enum {
+ RUBY_IO_READABLE = RB_WAITFD_IN,
+ RUBY_IO_WRITABLE = RB_WAITFD_OUT,
+ RUBY_IO_PRIORITY = RB_WAITFD_PRI,
+} rb_io_event_t;
+
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(struct rb_io_buffer_t {
+ char *ptr; /* off + len <= capa */
+ int off;
+ int len;
+ int capa;
+});
+typedef struct rb_io_buffer_t rb_io_buffer_t;
+
+typedef struct rb_io_t {
+ VALUE self;
+
+ FILE *stdio_file; /* stdio ptr for read/write if available */
+ int fd; /* file descriptor */
+ int mode; /* mode flags: FMODE_XXXs */
+ rb_pid_t pid; /* child's pid (for pipes) */
+ int lineno; /* number of lines read */
+ VALUE pathv; /* pathname for file */
+ void (*finalize)(struct rb_io_t*,int); /* finalize proc */
+
+ rb_io_buffer_t wbuf, rbuf;
+
+ VALUE tied_io_for_writing;
+
+ /*
+ * enc enc2 read action write action
+ * NULL NULL force_encoding(default_external) write the byte sequence of str
+ * e1 NULL force_encoding(e1) convert str.encoding to e1
+ * e1 e2 convert from e2 to e1 convert str.encoding to e2
+ */
+ struct rb_io_enc_t {
+ rb_encoding *enc;
+ rb_encoding *enc2;
+ int ecflags;
+ VALUE ecopts;
+ } encs;
+
+ rb_econv_t *readconv;
+ rb_io_buffer_t cbuf;
+
+ rb_econv_t *writeconv;
+ VALUE writeconv_asciicompat;
+ int writeconv_initialized;
+ int writeconv_pre_ecflags;
+ VALUE writeconv_pre_ecopts;
+
+ VALUE write_lock;
+} rb_io_t;
+
+typedef struct rb_io_enc_t rb_io_enc_t;
+
+#define HAVE_RB_IO_T 1
+
+#define FMODE_READABLE 0x00000001
+#define FMODE_WRITABLE 0x00000002
+#define FMODE_READWRITE (FMODE_READABLE|FMODE_WRITABLE)
+#define FMODE_BINMODE 0x00000004
+#define FMODE_SYNC 0x00000008
+#define FMODE_TTY 0x00000010
+#define FMODE_DUPLEX 0x00000020
+#define FMODE_APPEND 0x00000040
+#define FMODE_CREATE 0x00000080
+/* #define FMODE_NOREVLOOKUP 0x00000100 */
+#define FMODE_EXCL 0x00000400
+#define FMODE_TRUNC 0x00000800
+#define FMODE_TEXTMODE 0x00001000
+/* #define FMODE_PREP 0x00010000 */
+#define FMODE_SETENC_BY_BOM 0x00100000
+/* #define FMODE_UNIX 0x00200000 */
+/* #define FMODE_INET 0x00400000 */
+/* #define FMODE_INET6 0x00800000 */
+
+#define RB_IO_POINTER(obj,fp) rb_io_check_closed((fp) = RFILE(rb_io_taint_check(obj))->fptr)
+#define GetOpenFile RB_IO_POINTER
+
+#define RB_IO_OPEN(obj, fp) do {\
+ (fp) = rb_io_make_open_file(obj);\
+} while (0)
+#define MakeOpenFile RB_IO_OPEN
+
+rb_io_t *rb_io_make_open_file(VALUE obj);
+
+FILE *rb_io_stdio_file(rb_io_t *fptr);
+
+FILE *rb_fdopen(int, const char*);
+int rb_io_modestr_fmode(const char *modestr);
+int rb_io_modestr_oflags(const char *modestr);
+CONSTFUNC(int rb_io_oflags_fmode(int oflags));
+void rb_io_check_writable(rb_io_t*);
+void rb_io_check_readable(rb_io_t*);
+void rb_io_check_char_readable(rb_io_t *fptr);
+void rb_io_check_byte_readable(rb_io_t *fptr);
+int rb_io_fptr_finalize(rb_io_t*);
+void rb_io_synchronized(rb_io_t*);
+void rb_io_check_initialized(rb_io_t*);
+void rb_io_check_closed(rb_io_t*);
+VALUE rb_io_get_io(VALUE io);
+VALUE rb_io_check_io(VALUE io);
+VALUE rb_io_get_write_io(VALUE io);
+VALUE rb_io_set_write_io(VALUE io, VALUE w);
+void rb_io_set_nonblock(rb_io_t *fptr);
+int rb_io_extract_encoding_option(VALUE opt, rb_encoding **enc_p, rb_encoding **enc2_p, int *fmode_p);
+void rb_io_extract_modeenc(VALUE *vmode_p, VALUE *vperm_p, VALUE opthash, int *oflags_p, int *fmode_p, rb_io_enc_t *convconfig_p);
+ssize_t rb_io_bufwrite(VALUE io, const void *buf, size_t size);
+
+int rb_io_wait_readable(int fd);
+int rb_io_wait_writable(int fd);
+int rb_wait_for_single_fd(int fd, int events, struct timeval *tv);
+
+VALUE rb_io_wait(VALUE io, VALUE events, VALUE timeout);
+
+/* compatibility for ruby 1.8 and older */
+#define rb_io_mode_flags(modestr) [<"rb_io_mode_flags() is obsolete; use rb_io_modestr_fmode()">]
+#define rb_io_modenum_flags(oflags) [<"rb_io_modenum_flags() is obsolete; use rb_io_oflags_fmode()">]
+
+VALUE rb_io_taint_check(VALUE);
+NORETURN(void rb_eof_error(void));
+
+void rb_io_read_check(rb_io_t*);
+int rb_io_read_pending(rb_io_t*);
+
+struct stat;
+VALUE rb_stat_new(const struct stat *);
+
+/* gc.c */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_IO_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/memory_view.h b/include/ruby/memory_view.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4996cdbbb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/memory_view.h
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_H
+#define RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @brief Memory View.
+ */
+
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/intern.h"
+
+enum ruby_memory_view_flags {
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_SIMPLE = 0,
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_WRITABLE = (1<<0),
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_FORMAT = (1<<1),
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_MULTI_DIMENSIONAL = (1<<2),
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_STRIDES = (1<<3) | RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_MULTI_DIMENSIONAL,
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_ROW_MAJOR = (1<<4) | RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_STRIDES,
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_COLUMN_MAJOR = (1<<5) | RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_STRIDES,
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_ANY_CONTIGUOUS = RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_ROW_MAJOR | RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_COLUMN_MAJOR,
+ RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_INDIRECT = (1<<6) | RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_STRIDES,
+};
+
+typedef struct {
+ char format;
+ unsigned native_size_p: 1;
+ unsigned little_endian_p: 1;
+ size_t offset;
+ size_t size;
+ size_t repeat;
+} rb_memory_view_item_component_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+ /* The original object that has the memory exported via this memory view.
+ * The consumer of this memory view has the responsibility to call rb_gc_mark
+ * for preventing this obj collected by GC. */
+ VALUE obj;
+
+ /* The pointer to the exported memory. */
+ void *data;
+
+ /* The number of bytes in data. */
+ ssize_t byte_size;
+
+ /* true for readonly memory, false for writable memory. */
+ bool readonly;
+
+ /* A string to describe the format of an element, or NULL for unsigned bytes.
+ * The format string is a sequence of the following pack-template specifiers:
+ *
+ * c, C, s, s!, S, S!, n, v, i, i!, I, I!, l, l!, L, L!,
+ * N, V, f, e, g, q, q!, Q, Q!, d, E, G, j, J, x
+ *
+ * For example, "dd" for an element that consists of two double values,
+ * and "CCC" for an element that consists of three bytes, such as
+ * an RGB color triplet.
+ *
+ * Also, the value endianness can be explicitly specified by '<' or '>'
+ * following a value type specifier.
+ *
+ * The items are packed contiguously. When you emulate the alignment of
+ * structure members, put '|' at the beginning of the format string,
+ * like "|iqc". On x86_64 Linux ABI, the size of the item by this format
+ * is 24 bytes instead of 13 bytes.
+ */
+ const char *format;
+
+ /* The number of bytes in each element.
+ * item_size should equal to rb_memory_view_item_size_from_format(format). */
+ ssize_t item_size;
+
+ struct {
+ /* The array of rb_memory_view_item_component_t that describes the
+ * item structure. rb_memory_view_prepare_item_desc and
+ * rb_memory_view_get_item allocate this memory if needed,
+ * and rb_memory_view_release frees it. */
+ const rb_memory_view_item_component_t *components;
+
+ /* The number of components in an item. */
+ size_t length;
+ } item_desc;
+
+ /* The number of dimension. */
+ ssize_t ndim;
+
+ /* ndim size array indicating the number of elements in each dimension.
+ * This can be NULL when ndim == 1. */
+ const ssize_t *shape;
+
+ /* ndim size array indicating the number of bytes to skip to go to the
+ * next element in each dimension. */
+ const ssize_t *strides;
+
+ /* The offset in each dimension when this memory view exposes a nested array.
+ * Or, NULL when this memory view exposes a flat array. */
+ const ssize_t *sub_offsets;
+
+ /* the private data for managing this exported memory */
+ void *const private;
+} rb_memory_view_t;
+
+typedef bool (* rb_memory_view_get_func_t)(VALUE obj, rb_memory_view_t *view, int flags);
+typedef bool (* rb_memory_view_release_func_t)(VALUE obj, rb_memory_view_t *view);
+typedef bool (* rb_memory_view_available_p_func_t)(VALUE obj);
+
+typedef struct {
+ rb_memory_view_get_func_t get_func;
+ rb_memory_view_release_func_t release_func;
+ rb_memory_view_available_p_func_t available_p_func;
+} rb_memory_view_entry_t;
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* memory_view.c */
+bool rb_memory_view_register(VALUE klass, const rb_memory_view_entry_t *entry);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+bool rb_memory_view_is_row_major_contiguous(const rb_memory_view_t *view);
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+bool rb_memory_view_is_column_major_contiguous(const rb_memory_view_t *view);
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+void rb_memory_view_fill_contiguous_strides(const ssize_t ndim, const ssize_t item_size, const ssize_t *const shape, const bool row_major_p, ssize_t *const strides);
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+bool rb_memory_view_init_as_byte_array(rb_memory_view_t *view, VALUE obj, void *data, const ssize_t len, const bool readonly);
+ssize_t rb_memory_view_parse_item_format(const char *format,
+ rb_memory_view_item_component_t **members,
+ size_t *n_members, const char **err);
+ssize_t rb_memory_view_item_size_from_format(const char *format, const char **err);
+void *rb_memory_view_get_item_pointer(rb_memory_view_t *view, const ssize_t *indices);
+VALUE rb_memory_view_extract_item_members(const void *ptr, const rb_memory_view_item_component_t *members, const size_t n_members);
+void rb_memory_view_prepare_item_desc(rb_memory_view_t *view);
+VALUE rb_memory_view_get_item(rb_memory_view_t *view, const ssize_t *indices);
+
+bool rb_memory_view_available_p(VALUE obj);
+bool rb_memory_view_get(VALUE obj, rb_memory_view_t* memory_view, int flags);
+bool rb_memory_view_release(rb_memory_view_t* memory_view);
+
+/* for testing */
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_memory_view_exported_object_registry;
+RUBY_EXTERN const rb_data_type_t rb_memory_view_exported_object_registry_data_type;
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+static inline bool
+rb_memory_view_is_contiguous(const rb_memory_view_t *view)
+{
+ if (rb_memory_view_is_row_major_contiguous(view)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ else if (rb_memory_view_is_column_major_contiguous(view)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ else {
+ return false;
+ }
+}
+
+#endif /* RUBY_BUFFER_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/missing.h b/include/ruby/missing.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f83f1b695c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/missing.h
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_MISSING_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_MISSING_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Sat May 11 23:46:03 JST 2002
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ * @brief Prototype for *.c in ./missing, and for missing timeval struct.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+# include <cmath>
+#else
+# include <math.h> /* for INFINITY and NAN */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RUBY_ALTERNATIVE_MALLOC_HEADER
+# include RUBY_ALTERNATIVE_MALLOC_HEADER
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_TIME_H)
+# include <time.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_SYS_TIME_H)
+# include <sys/time.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_IEEEFP_H
+# include <ieeefp.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+#ifndef M_PI
+# define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846
+#endif
+#ifndef M_PI_2
+# define M_PI_2 (M_PI/2)
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEVAL)
+struct timeval {
+ time_t tv_sec; /* seconds */
+ long tv_usec; /* microseconds */
+};
+#endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEVAL */
+
+#if !defined(HAVE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC)
+/* :BEWARE: @shyouhei warns that IT IS A WRONG IDEA to define our own version
+ * of struct timespec here. `clock_gettime` is a system call, and your kernel
+ * could expect something other than just `long` (results stack smashing if
+ * that happens). See also https://ewontfix.com/19/ */
+struct timespec {
+ time_t tv_sec; /* seconds */
+ long tv_nsec; /* nanoseconds */
+};
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE)
+struct timezone {
+ int tz_minuteswest;
+ int tz_dsttime;
+};
+#endif
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+#ifndef HAVE_ACOSH
+RUBY_EXTERN double acosh(double);
+RUBY_EXTERN double asinh(double);
+RUBY_EXTERN double atanh(double);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_CRYPT
+RUBY_EXTERN char *crypt(const char *, const char *);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_DUP2
+RUBY_EXTERN int dup2(int, int);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_EACCESS
+RUBY_EXTERN int eaccess(const char*, int);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_ROUND
+RUBY_EXTERN double round(double); /* numeric.c */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_FINITE
+RUBY_EXTERN int finite(double);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_FLOCK
+RUBY_EXTERN int flock(int, int);
+#endif
+
+/*
+#ifndef HAVE_FREXP
+RUBY_EXTERN double frexp(double, int *);
+#endif
+*/
+
+#ifndef HAVE_HYPOT
+RUBY_EXTERN double hypot(double, double);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_ERF
+RUBY_EXTERN double erf(double);
+RUBY_EXTERN double erfc(double);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_TGAMMA
+RUBY_EXTERN double tgamma(double);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_LGAMMA_R
+RUBY_EXTERN double lgamma_r(double, int *);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_CBRT
+RUBY_EXTERN double cbrt(double);
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(INFINITY) || !defined(NAN)
+union bytesequence4_or_float {
+ unsigned char bytesequence[4];
+ float float_value;
+};
+#endif
+
+#ifndef INFINITY
+/** @internal */
+RUBY_EXTERN const union bytesequence4_or_float rb_infinity;
+# define INFINITY (rb_infinity.float_value)
+# define USE_RB_INFINITY 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NAN
+/** @internal */
+RUBY_EXTERN const union bytesequence4_or_float rb_nan;
+# define NAN (rb_nan.float_value)
+# define USE_RB_NAN 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HUGE_VAL
+# define HUGE_VAL ((double)INFINITY)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(isinf)
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(HAVE_ISINF)
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(HAVE_FINITE) && defined(HAVE_ISNAN)
+# define isinf(x) (!finite(x) && !isnan(x))
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L
+# // <cmath> must include constexpr bool isinf(double);
+#else
+RUBY_EXTERN int isinf(double);
+#endif
+
+#if defined(isnan)
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(HAVE_ISNAN)
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L
+# // <cmath> must include constexpr bool isnan(double);
+#else
+RUBY_EXTERN int isnan(double);
+#endif
+
+#if defined(isfinite)
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(HAVE_ISFINITE)
+# /* Take that. */
+#else
+# define HAVE_ISFINITE 1
+# define isfinite(x) finite(x)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_NAN
+RUBY_EXTERN double nan(const char *);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_NEXTAFTER
+RUBY_EXTERN double nextafter(double x, double y);
+#endif
+
+/*
+#ifndef HAVE_MEMCMP
+RUBY_EXTERN int memcmp(const void *, const void *, size_t);
+#endif
+*/
+
+#ifndef HAVE_MEMMOVE
+RUBY_EXTERN void *memmove(void *, const void *, size_t);
+#endif
+
+/*
+#ifndef HAVE_MODF
+RUBY_EXTERN double modf(double, double *);
+#endif
+*/
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRCHR
+RUBY_EXTERN char *strchr(const char *, int);
+RUBY_EXTERN char *strrchr(const char *, int);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRERROR
+RUBY_EXTERN char *strerror(int);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRSTR
+RUBY_EXTERN char *strstr(const char *, const char *);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRLCPY
+RUBY_EXTERN size_t strlcpy(char *, const char*, size_t);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRLCAT
+RUBY_EXTERN size_t strlcat(char *, const char*, size_t);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_SIGNBIT
+RUBY_EXTERN int signbit(double x);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_FFS
+RUBY_EXTERN int ffs(int);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BROKEN_CLOSE
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# include <sys/socket.h>
+RUBY_EXTERN int ruby_getpeername(int, struct sockaddr *, socklen_t *);
+RUBY_EXTERN int ruby_getsockname(int, struct sockaddr *, socklen_t *);
+RUBY_EXTERN int ruby_shutdown(int, int);
+RUBY_EXTERN int ruby_close(int);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_SETPROCTITLE
+RUBY_EXTERN void setproctitle(const char *fmt, ...);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_EXPLICIT_BZERO
+# /* Take that. */
+#elif defined(SecureZeroMemory)
+# define explicit_bzero(b, len) SecureZeroMemory(b, len)
+#else
+RUBY_EXTERN void explicit_bzero(void *b, size_t len);
+#endif
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_MISSING_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/onigmo.h b/include/ruby/onigmo.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6187b37dc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/onigmo.h
@@ -0,0 +1,941 @@
+#ifndef ONIGMO_H
+#define ONIGMO_H
+/**********************************************************************
+ onigmo.h - Onigmo (Oniguruma-mod) (regular expression library)
+**********************************************************************/
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2002-2009 K.Kosako <sndgk393 AT ybb DOT ne DOT jp>
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2017 K.Takata <kentkt AT csc DOT jp>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+# if 0
+} /* satisfy cc-mode */
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#define ONIGMO_VERSION_MAJOR 6
+#define ONIGMO_VERSION_MINOR 1
+#define ONIGMO_VERSION_TEENY 3
+
+#ifndef ONIG_EXTERN
+# ifdef RUBY_EXTERN
+# define ONIG_EXTERN RUBY_EXTERN
+# else
+# if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__GNUC__)
+# if defined(EXPORT) || defined(RUBY_EXPORT)
+# define ONIG_EXTERN extern __declspec(dllexport)
+# else
+# define ONIG_EXTERN extern __declspec(dllimport)
+# endif
+# endif
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ONIG_EXTERN
+# define ONIG_EXTERN extern
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY
+# ifndef RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+# define RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+# define RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+# endif
+#endif
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+
+#include <stddef.h> /* for size_t */
+
+/* PART: character encoding */
+
+#ifndef ONIG_ESCAPE_UCHAR_COLLISION
+# define UChar OnigUChar
+#endif
+
+typedef unsigned char OnigUChar;
+typedef unsigned int OnigCodePoint;
+typedef unsigned int OnigCtype;
+typedef size_t OnigDistance;
+typedef ptrdiff_t OnigPosition;
+
+#define ONIG_INFINITE_DISTANCE ~((OnigDistance )0)
+
+/*
+ * Onig casefold/case mapping flags and related definitions
+ *
+ * Subfields (starting with 0 at LSB):
+ * 0-2: Code point count in casefold.h
+ * 3-12: Index into SpecialCaseMapping array in casefold.h
+ * 13-22: Case folding/mapping flags
+ */
+typedef unsigned int OnigCaseFoldType; /* case fold flag */
+
+ONIG_EXTERN OnigCaseFoldType OnigDefaultCaseFoldFlag;
+
+/* bits for actual code point count; 3 bits is more than enough, currently only 2 used */
+#define OnigCodePointMaskWidth 3
+#define OnigCodePointMask ((1<<OnigCodePointMaskWidth)-1)
+#define OnigCodePointCount(n) ((n)&OnigCodePointMask)
+#define OnigCaseFoldFlags(n) ((n)&~OnigCodePointMask)
+
+/* #define ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD_HIRAGANA_KATAKANA (1<<1) */ /* no longer usable with these values! */
+/* #define ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD_KATAKANA_WIDTH (1<<2) */ /* no longer usable with these values! */
+
+/* bits for index into table with separate titlecase mappings */
+/* 10 bits provide 1024 values */
+#define OnigSpecialIndexShift 3
+#define OnigSpecialIndexWidth 10
+
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_UPCASE (1<<13) /* has/needs uppercase mapping */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_DOWNCASE (1<<14) /* has/needs lowercase mapping */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_TITLECASE (1<<15) /* has/needs (special) titlecase mapping */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_SPECIAL_OFFSET 3 /* offset in bits from ONIGENC_CASE to ONIGENC_CASE_SPECIAL */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_UP_SPECIAL (1<<16) /* has special upcase mapping */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_DOWN_SPECIAL (1<<17) /* has special downcase mapping */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_MODIFIED (1<<18) /* data has been modified */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD (1<<19) /* has/needs case folding */
+
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD_TURKISH_AZERI (1<<20) /* needs mapping specific to Turkic languages; better not change original value! */
+
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD_LITHUANIAN (1<<21) /* needs Lithuanian-specific mapping */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_ASCII_ONLY (1<<22) /* only modify ASCII range */
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_IS_TITLECASE (1<<23) /* character itself is already titlecase */
+
+#define INTERNAL_ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD_MULTI_CHAR (1<<30) /* better not change original value! */
+
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD_MIN INTERNAL_ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD_MULTI_CHAR
+#define ONIGENC_CASE_FOLD_DEFAULT OnigDefaultCaseFoldFlag
+
+
+#define ONIGENC_MAX_COMP_CASE_FOLD_CODE_LEN 3
+#define ONIGENC_GET_CASE_FOLD_CODES_MAX_NUM 13
+/* 13 => Unicode:0x1ffc */
+
+/* code range */
+#define ONIGENC_CODE_RANGE_NUM(range) ((int )range[0])
+#define ONIGENC_CODE_RANGE_FROM(range,i) range[((i)*2) + 1]
+#define ONIGENC_CODE_RANGE_TO(range,i) range[((i)*2) + 2]
+
+typedef struct {
+ int byte_len; /* argument(original) character(s) byte length */
+ int code_len; /* number of code */
+ OnigCodePoint code[ONIGENC_MAX_COMP_CASE_FOLD_CODE_LEN];
+} OnigCaseFoldCodeItem;
+
+typedef struct {
+ OnigCodePoint esc;
+ OnigCodePoint anychar;
+ OnigCodePoint anytime;
+ OnigCodePoint zero_or_one_time;
+ OnigCodePoint one_or_more_time;
+ OnigCodePoint anychar_anytime;
+} OnigMetaCharTableType;
+
+typedef int (*OnigApplyAllCaseFoldFunc)(OnigCodePoint from, OnigCodePoint* to, int to_len, void* arg);
+
+typedef struct OnigEncodingTypeST {
+ int (*precise_mbc_enc_len)(const OnigUChar* p,const OnigUChar* e, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ const char* name;
+ int max_enc_len;
+ int min_enc_len;
+ int (*is_mbc_newline)(const OnigUChar* p, const OnigUChar* end, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ OnigCodePoint (*mbc_to_code)(const OnigUChar* p, const OnigUChar* end, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*code_to_mbclen)(OnigCodePoint code, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*code_to_mbc)(OnigCodePoint code, OnigUChar *buf, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*mbc_case_fold)(OnigCaseFoldType flag, const OnigUChar** pp, const OnigUChar* end, OnigUChar* to, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*apply_all_case_fold)(OnigCaseFoldType flag, OnigApplyAllCaseFoldFunc f, void* arg, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*get_case_fold_codes_by_str)(OnigCaseFoldType flag, const OnigUChar* p, const OnigUChar* end, OnigCaseFoldCodeItem acs[], const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*property_name_to_ctype)(const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc, const OnigUChar* p, const OnigUChar* end);
+ int (*is_code_ctype)(OnigCodePoint code, OnigCtype ctype, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*get_ctype_code_range)(OnigCtype ctype, OnigCodePoint* sb_out, const OnigCodePoint* ranges[], const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ OnigUChar* (*left_adjust_char_head)(const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* p, const OnigUChar* end, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*is_allowed_reverse_match)(const OnigUChar* p, const OnigUChar* end, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int (*case_map)(OnigCaseFoldType* flagP, const OnigUChar** pp, const OnigUChar* end, OnigUChar* to, OnigUChar* to_end, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+ int ruby_encoding_index;
+ unsigned int flags;
+} OnigEncodingType;
+
+typedef const OnigEncodingType* OnigEncoding;
+
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingASCII;
+#ifndef RUBY
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_1;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_2;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_3;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_4;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_5;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_6;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_7;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_8;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_9;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_10;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_11;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_13;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_14;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_15;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingISO_8859_16;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingUTF_8;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingUTF_16BE;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingUTF_16LE;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingUTF_32BE;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingUTF_32LE;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingEUC_JP;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingEUC_TW;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingEUC_KR;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingEUC_CN;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingShift_JIS;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingWindows_31J;
+/* ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingKOI8; */
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingKOI8_R;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingKOI8_U;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingWindows_1250;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingWindows_1251;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingWindows_1252;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingWindows_1253;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingWindows_1254;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingWindows_1257;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingBIG5;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigEncodingType OnigEncodingGB18030;
+#endif /* RUBY */
+
+#define ONIG_ENCODING_ASCII (&OnigEncodingASCII)
+#ifndef RUBY
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_1 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_1)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_2 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_2)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_3 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_3)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_4 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_4)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_5 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_5)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_6 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_6)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_7 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_7)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_8 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_8)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_9 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_9)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_10 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_10)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_11 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_11)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_13 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_13)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_14 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_14)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_15 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_15)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_ISO_8859_16 (&OnigEncodingISO_8859_16)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_8 (&OnigEncodingUTF_8)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_16BE (&OnigEncodingUTF_16BE)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_16LE (&OnigEncodingUTF_16LE)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_32BE (&OnigEncodingUTF_32BE)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_32LE (&OnigEncodingUTF_32LE)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_EUC_JP (&OnigEncodingEUC_JP)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_EUC_TW (&OnigEncodingEUC_TW)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_EUC_KR (&OnigEncodingEUC_KR)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_EUC_CN (&OnigEncodingEUC_CN)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_SHIFT_JIS (&OnigEncodingShift_JIS)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_31J (&OnigEncodingWindows_31J)
+/* # define ONIG_ENCODING_KOI8 (&OnigEncodingKOI8) */
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_KOI8_R (&OnigEncodingKOI8_R)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_KOI8_U (&OnigEncodingKOI8_U)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1250 (&OnigEncodingWindows_1250)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1251 (&OnigEncodingWindows_1251)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1252 (&OnigEncodingWindows_1252)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1253 (&OnigEncodingWindows_1253)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1254 (&OnigEncodingWindows_1254)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1257 (&OnigEncodingWindows_1257)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_BIG5 (&OnigEncodingBIG5)
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_GB18030 (&OnigEncodingGB18030)
+
+/* old names */
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_SJIS ONIG_ENCODING_SHIFT_JIS
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_CP932 ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_31J
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_CP1250 ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1250
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_CP1251 ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1251
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_CP1252 ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1252
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_CP1253 ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1253
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_CP1254 ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1254
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_CP1257 ONIG_ENCODING_WINDOWS_1257
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF8 ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_8
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF16_BE ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_16BE
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF16_LE ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_16LE
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF32_BE ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_32BE
+# define ONIG_ENCODING_UTF32_LE ONIG_ENCODING_UTF_32LE
+#endif /* RUBY */
+
+#define ONIG_ENCODING_UNDEF ((OnigEncoding )0)
+
+/* this declaration needs to be here because it is used in string.c in Ruby */
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onigenc_ascii_only_case_map(OnigCaseFoldType* flagP, const OnigUChar** pp, const OnigUChar* end, OnigUChar* to, OnigUChar* to_end, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+
+
+/* work size */
+#define ONIGENC_CODE_TO_MBC_MAXLEN 7
+#define ONIGENC_MBC_CASE_FOLD_MAXLEN 18
+/* 18: 6(max-byte) * 3(case-fold chars) */
+
+/* character types */
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_NEWLINE 0
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_ALPHA 1
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_BLANK 2
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_CNTRL 3
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_DIGIT 4
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_GRAPH 5
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_LOWER 6
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_PRINT 7
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_PUNCT 8
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_SPACE 9
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_UPPER 10
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_XDIGIT 11
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_WORD 12
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_ALNUM 13 /* alpha || digit */
+#define ONIGENC_CTYPE_ASCII 14
+#define ONIGENC_MAX_STD_CTYPE ONIGENC_CTYPE_ASCII
+
+/* flags */
+#define ONIGENC_FLAG_NONE 0U
+#define ONIGENC_FLAG_UNICODE 1U
+
+#define onig_enc_len(enc,p,e) ONIGENC_MBC_ENC_LEN(enc, p, e)
+
+#define ONIGENC_IS_UNDEF(enc) ((enc) == ONIG_ENCODING_UNDEF)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_SINGLEBYTE(enc) (ONIGENC_MBC_MAXLEN(enc) == 1)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_MBC_HEAD(enc,p,e) (ONIGENC_MBC_ENC_LEN(enc,p,e) != 1)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_MBC_ASCII(p) (*(p) < 128)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_ASCII(code) ((code) < 128)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_MBC_WORD(enc,s,end) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_WORD(enc,ONIGENC_MBC_TO_CODE(enc,s,end))
+#define ONIGENC_IS_MBC_ASCII_WORD(enc,s,end) \
+ onigenc_ascii_is_code_ctype( \
+ ONIGENC_MBC_TO_CODE(enc,s,end),ONIGENC_CTYPE_WORD,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_UNICODE(enc) ((enc)->flags & ONIGENC_FLAG_UNICODE)
+
+
+#define ONIGENC_NAME(enc) ((enc)->name)
+
+#define ONIGENC_MBC_CASE_FOLD(enc,flag,pp,end,buf) \
+ (enc)->mbc_case_fold(flag,(const OnigUChar** )pp,end,buf,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_ALLOWED_REVERSE_MATCH(enc,s,end) \
+ (enc)->is_allowed_reverse_match(s,end,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_LEFT_ADJUST_CHAR_HEAD(enc,start,s,end) \
+ (enc)->left_adjust_char_head(start, s, end, enc)
+#define ONIGENC_APPLY_ALL_CASE_FOLD(enc,case_fold_flag,f,arg) \
+ (enc)->apply_all_case_fold(case_fold_flag,f,arg,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_GET_CASE_FOLD_CODES_BY_STR(enc,case_fold_flag,p,end,acs) \
+ (enc)->get_case_fold_codes_by_str(case_fold_flag,p,end,acs,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_STEP_BACK(enc,start,s,end,n) \
+ onigenc_step_back((enc),(start),(s),(end),(n))
+
+#define ONIGENC_CONSTRUCT_MBCLEN_CHARFOUND(n) (n)
+#define ONIGENC_MBCLEN_CHARFOUND_P(r) (0 < (r))
+#define ONIGENC_MBCLEN_CHARFOUND_LEN(r) (r)
+
+#define ONIGENC_CONSTRUCT_MBCLEN_INVALID() (-1)
+#define ONIGENC_MBCLEN_INVALID_P(r) ((r) == -1)
+
+#define ONIGENC_CONSTRUCT_MBCLEN_NEEDMORE(n) (-1-(n))
+#define ONIGENC_MBCLEN_NEEDMORE_P(r) ((r) < -1)
+#define ONIGENC_MBCLEN_NEEDMORE_LEN(r) (-1-(r))
+
+#define ONIGENC_PRECISE_MBC_ENC_LEN(enc,p,e) (enc)->precise_mbc_enc_len(p,e,enc)
+
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onigenc_mbclen_approximate(const OnigUChar* p,const OnigUChar* e, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+
+#define ONIGENC_MBC_ENC_LEN(enc,p,e) onigenc_mbclen_approximate(p,e,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_MBC_MAXLEN(enc) ((enc)->max_enc_len)
+#define ONIGENC_MBC_MAXLEN_DIST(enc) ONIGENC_MBC_MAXLEN(enc)
+#define ONIGENC_MBC_MINLEN(enc) ((enc)->min_enc_len)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_MBC_NEWLINE(enc,p,end) (enc)->is_mbc_newline((p),(end),enc)
+#define ONIGENC_MBC_TO_CODE(enc,p,end) (enc)->mbc_to_code((p),(end),enc)
+#define ONIGENC_CODE_TO_MBCLEN(enc,code) (enc)->code_to_mbclen(code,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_CODE_TO_MBC(enc,code,buf) (enc)->code_to_mbc(code,buf,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_PROPERTY_NAME_TO_CTYPE(enc,p,end) \
+ (enc)->property_name_to_ctype(enc,p,end)
+
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ctype) (enc)->is_code_ctype(code,ctype,enc)
+
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_NEWLINE(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_NEWLINE)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_GRAPH(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_GRAPH)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_PRINT(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_PRINT)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_ALNUM(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_ALNUM)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_ALPHA(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_ALPHA)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_LOWER(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_LOWER)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_UPPER(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_UPPER)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CNTRL(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_CNTRL)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_PUNCT(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_PUNCT)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_SPACE(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_SPACE)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_BLANK(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_BLANK)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_DIGIT(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_DIGIT)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_XDIGIT(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_XDIGIT)
+#define ONIGENC_IS_CODE_WORD(enc,code) \
+ ONIGENC_IS_CODE_CTYPE(enc,code,ONIGENC_CTYPE_WORD)
+
+#define ONIGENC_GET_CTYPE_CODE_RANGE(enc,ctype,sbout,ranges) \
+ (enc)->get_ctype_code_range(ctype,sbout,ranges,enc)
+
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigUChar* onigenc_step_back(OnigEncoding enc, const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* s, const OnigUChar* end, int n);
+
+
+/* encoding API */
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onigenc_init(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onigenc_set_default_encoding(OnigEncoding enc);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigEncoding onigenc_get_default_encoding(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigUChar* onigenc_get_right_adjust_char_head_with_prev(OnigEncoding enc, const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* s, const OnigUChar* end, const OnigUChar** prev);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigUChar* onigenc_get_prev_char_head(OnigEncoding enc, const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* s, const OnigUChar* end);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigUChar* onigenc_get_left_adjust_char_head(OnigEncoding enc, const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* s, const OnigUChar* end);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigUChar* onigenc_get_right_adjust_char_head(OnigEncoding enc, const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* s, const OnigUChar* end);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onigenc_strlen(OnigEncoding enc, const OnigUChar* p, const OnigUChar* end);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onigenc_strlen_null(OnigEncoding enc, const OnigUChar* p);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onigenc_str_bytelen_null(OnigEncoding enc, const OnigUChar* p);
+
+
+
+/* PART: regular expression */
+
+/* config parameters */
+#define ONIG_NREGION 4
+#define ONIG_MAX_CAPTURE_GROUP_NUM 32767
+#define ONIG_MAX_BACKREF_NUM 1000
+#define ONIG_MAX_REPEAT_NUM 100000
+#define ONIG_MAX_MULTI_BYTE_RANGES_NUM 10000
+/* constants */
+#define ONIG_MAX_ERROR_MESSAGE_LEN 90
+
+typedef unsigned int OnigOptionType;
+
+#define ONIG_OPTION_DEFAULT ONIG_OPTION_NONE
+
+/* options */
+#define ONIG_OPTION_NONE 0U
+#define ONIG_OPTION_IGNORECASE 1U
+#define ONIG_OPTION_EXTEND (ONIG_OPTION_IGNORECASE << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_MULTILINE (ONIG_OPTION_EXTEND << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_DOTALL ONIG_OPTION_MULTILINE
+#define ONIG_OPTION_SINGLELINE (ONIG_OPTION_MULTILINE << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_FIND_LONGEST (ONIG_OPTION_SINGLELINE << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_FIND_NOT_EMPTY (ONIG_OPTION_FIND_LONGEST << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_NEGATE_SINGLELINE (ONIG_OPTION_FIND_NOT_EMPTY << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_DONT_CAPTURE_GROUP (ONIG_OPTION_NEGATE_SINGLELINE << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_CAPTURE_GROUP (ONIG_OPTION_DONT_CAPTURE_GROUP << 1)
+/* options (search time) */
+#define ONIG_OPTION_NOTBOL (ONIG_OPTION_CAPTURE_GROUP << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_NOTEOL (ONIG_OPTION_NOTBOL << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_NOTBOS (ONIG_OPTION_NOTEOL << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_NOTEOS (ONIG_OPTION_NOTBOS << 1)
+/* options (ctype range) */
+#define ONIG_OPTION_ASCII_RANGE (ONIG_OPTION_NOTEOS << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_POSIX_BRACKET_ALL_RANGE (ONIG_OPTION_ASCII_RANGE << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_WORD_BOUND_ALL_RANGE (ONIG_OPTION_POSIX_BRACKET_ALL_RANGE << 1)
+/* options (newline) */
+#define ONIG_OPTION_NEWLINE_CRLF (ONIG_OPTION_WORD_BOUND_ALL_RANGE << 1)
+#define ONIG_OPTION_MAXBIT ONIG_OPTION_NEWLINE_CRLF /* limit */
+
+#define ONIG_OPTION_ON(options,regopt) ((options) |= (regopt))
+#define ONIG_OPTION_OFF(options,regopt) ((options) &= ~(regopt))
+#define ONIG_IS_OPTION_ON(options,option) ((options) & (option))
+
+/* syntax */
+typedef struct {
+ unsigned int op;
+ unsigned int op2;
+ unsigned int behavior;
+ OnigOptionType options; /* default option */
+ OnigMetaCharTableType meta_char_table;
+} OnigSyntaxType;
+
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxASIS;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxPosixBasic;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxPosixExtended;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxEmacs;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxGrep;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxGnuRegex;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxJava;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxPerl58;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxPerl58_NG;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxPerl;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxRuby;
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType OnigSyntaxPython;
+
+/* predefined syntaxes (see regsyntax.c) */
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_ASIS (&OnigSyntaxASIS)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC (&OnigSyntaxPosixBasic)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED (&OnigSyntaxPosixExtended)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_EMACS (&OnigSyntaxEmacs)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_GREP (&OnigSyntaxGrep)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_GNU_REGEX (&OnigSyntaxGnuRegex)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_JAVA (&OnigSyntaxJava)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_PERL58 (&OnigSyntaxPerl58)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_PERL58_NG (&OnigSyntaxPerl58_NG)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_PERL (&OnigSyntaxPerl)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_RUBY (&OnigSyntaxRuby)
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_PYTHON (&OnigSyntaxPython)
+
+/* default syntax */
+ONIG_EXTERN const OnigSyntaxType* OnigDefaultSyntax;
+#define ONIG_SYNTAX_DEFAULT OnigDefaultSyntax
+
+/* syntax (operators) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_VARIABLE_META_CHARACTERS (1U<<0)
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_DOT_ANYCHAR (1U<<1) /* . */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ASTERISK_ZERO_INF (1U<<2) /* * */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_ASTERISK_ZERO_INF (1U<<3)
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_PLUS_ONE_INF (1U<<4) /* + */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_PLUS_ONE_INF (1U<<5)
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_QMARK_ZERO_ONE (1U<<6) /* ? */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_QMARK_ZERO_ONE (1U<<7)
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_BRACE_INTERVAL (1U<<8) /* {lower,upper} */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_BRACE_INTERVAL (1U<<9) /* \{lower,upper\} */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_VBAR_ALT (1U<<10) /* | */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_VBAR_ALT (1U<<11) /* \| */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_LPAREN_SUBEXP (1U<<12) /* (...) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_LPAREN_SUBEXP (1U<<13) /* \(...\) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_AZ_BUF_ANCHOR (1U<<14) /* \A, \Z, \z */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_CAPITAL_G_BEGIN_ANCHOR (1U<<15) /* \G */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_DECIMAL_BACKREF (1U<<16) /* \num */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_BRACKET_CC (1U<<17) /* [...] */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_W_WORD (1U<<18) /* \w, \W */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_LTGT_WORD_BEGIN_END (1U<<19) /* \<. \> */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_B_WORD_BOUND (1U<<20) /* \b, \B */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_S_WHITE_SPACE (1U<<21) /* \s, \S */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_D_DIGIT (1U<<22) /* \d, \D */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_LINE_ANCHOR (1U<<23) /* ^, $ */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_POSIX_BRACKET (1U<<24) /* [:xxxx:] */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_QMARK_NON_GREEDY (1U<<25) /* ??,*?,+?,{n,m}? */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_CONTROL_CHARS (1U<<26) /* \n,\r,\t,\a ... */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_C_CONTROL (1U<<27) /* \cx */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_OCTAL3 (1U<<28) /* \OOO */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_X_HEX2 (1U<<29) /* \xHH */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_X_BRACE_HEX8 (1U<<30) /* \x{7HHHHHHH} */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP_ESC_O_BRACE_OCTAL (1U<<31) /* \o{OOO} */
+
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_CAPITAL_Q_QUOTE (1U<<0) /* \Q...\E */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_QMARK_GROUP_EFFECT (1U<<1) /* (?...) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_OPTION_PERL (1U<<2) /* (?imsxadlu), (?-imsx), (?^imsxalu) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_OPTION_RUBY (1U<<3) /* (?imxadu), (?-imx) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_PLUS_POSSESSIVE_REPEAT (1U<<4) /* ?+,*+,++ */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_PLUS_POSSESSIVE_INTERVAL (1U<<5) /* {n,m}+ */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_CCLASS_SET_OP (1U<<6) /* [...&&..[..]..] */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_QMARK_LT_NAMED_GROUP (1U<<7) /* (?<name>...) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_K_NAMED_BACKREF (1U<<8) /* \k<name> */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_G_SUBEXP_CALL (1U<<9) /* \g<name>, \g<n> */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ATMARK_CAPTURE_HISTORY (1U<<10) /* (?@..),(?@<x>..) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_CAPITAL_C_BAR_CONTROL (1U<<11) /* \C-x */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_CAPITAL_M_BAR_META (1U<<12) /* \M-x */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_V_VTAB (1U<<13) /* \v as VTAB */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_U_HEX4 (1U<<14) /* \uHHHH */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_GNU_BUF_ANCHOR (1U<<15) /* \`, \' */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_P_BRACE_CHAR_PROPERTY (1U<<16) /* \p{...}, \P{...} */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_P_BRACE_CIRCUMFLEX_NOT (1U<<17) /* \p{^..}, \P{^..} */
+/* #define ONIG_SYN_OP2_CHAR_PROPERTY_PREFIX_IS (1U<<18) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_H_XDIGIT (1U<<19) /* \h, \H */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_INEFFECTIVE_ESCAPE (1U<<20) /* \ */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_CAPITAL_R_LINEBREAK (1U<<21) /* \R as (?>\x0D\x0A|[\x0A-\x0D\x{85}\x{2028}\x{2029}]) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_CAPITAL_X_EXTENDED_GRAPHEME_CLUSTER (1U<<22) /* \X */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_V_VERTICAL_WHITESPACE (1U<<23) /* \v, \V -- Perl */ /* NOTIMPL */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_H_HORIZONTAL_WHITESPACE (1U<<24) /* \h, \H -- Perl */ /* NOTIMPL */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_CAPITAL_K_KEEP (1U<<25) /* \K */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_ESC_G_BRACE_BACKREF (1U<<26) /* \g{name}, \g{n} */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_QMARK_SUBEXP_CALL (1U<<27) /* (?&name), (?n), (?R), (?0) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_QMARK_VBAR_BRANCH_RESET (1U<<28) /* (?|...) */ /* NOTIMPL */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_QMARK_LPAREN_CONDITION (1U<<29) /* (?(cond)yes...|no...) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_QMARK_CAPITAL_P_NAMED_GROUP (1U<<30) /* (?P<name>...), (?P=name), (?P>name) -- Python/PCRE */
+#define ONIG_SYN_OP2_QMARK_TILDE_ABSENT (1U<<31) /* (?~...) */
+/* #define ONIG_SYN_OP2_OPTION_JAVA (1U<<xx) */ /* (?idmsux), (?-idmsux) */ /* NOTIMPL */
+
+/* syntax (behavior) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS (1U<<31) /* not implemented */
+#define ONIG_SYN_CONTEXT_INDEP_REPEAT_OPS (1U<<0) /* ?, *, +, {n,m} */
+#define ONIG_SYN_CONTEXT_INVALID_REPEAT_OPS (1U<<1) /* error or ignore */
+#define ONIG_SYN_ALLOW_UNMATCHED_CLOSE_SUBEXP (1U<<2) /* ...)... */
+#define ONIG_SYN_ALLOW_INVALID_INTERVAL (1U<<3) /* {??? */
+#define ONIG_SYN_ALLOW_INTERVAL_LOW_ABBREV (1U<<4) /* {,n} => {0,n} */
+#define ONIG_SYN_STRICT_CHECK_BACKREF (1U<<5) /* /(\1)/,/\1()/ ..*/
+#define ONIG_SYN_DIFFERENT_LEN_ALT_LOOK_BEHIND (1U<<6) /* (?<=a|bc) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_CAPTURE_ONLY_NAMED_GROUP (1U<<7) /* see doc/RE */
+#define ONIG_SYN_ALLOW_MULTIPLEX_DEFINITION_NAME (1U<<8) /* (?<x>)(?<x>) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_FIXED_INTERVAL_IS_GREEDY_ONLY (1U<<9) /* a{n}?=(?:a{n})? */
+#define ONIG_SYN_ALLOW_MULTIPLEX_DEFINITION_NAME_CALL (1U<<10) /* (?<x>)(?<x>)(?&x) */
+#define ONIG_SYN_USE_LEFT_MOST_NAMED_GROUP (1U<<11) /* (?<x>)(?<x>)\k<x> */
+
+/* syntax (behavior) in char class [...] */
+#define ONIG_SYN_NOT_NEWLINE_IN_NEGATIVE_CC (1U<<20) /* [^...] */
+#define ONIG_SYN_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_CC (1U<<21) /* [..\w..] etc.. */
+#define ONIG_SYN_ALLOW_EMPTY_RANGE_IN_CC (1U<<22)
+#define ONIG_SYN_ALLOW_DOUBLE_RANGE_OP_IN_CC (1U<<23) /* [0-9-a]=[0-9\-a] */
+/* syntax (behavior) warning */
+#define ONIG_SYN_WARN_CC_OP_NOT_ESCAPED (1U<<24) /* [,-,] */
+#define ONIG_SYN_WARN_REDUNDANT_NESTED_REPEAT (1U<<25) /* (?:a*)+ */
+#define ONIG_SYN_WARN_CC_DUP (1U<<26) /* [aa] */
+
+/* meta character specifiers (onig_set_meta_char()) */
+#define ONIG_META_CHAR_ESCAPE 0
+#define ONIG_META_CHAR_ANYCHAR 1
+#define ONIG_META_CHAR_ANYTIME 2
+#define ONIG_META_CHAR_ZERO_OR_ONE_TIME 3
+#define ONIG_META_CHAR_ONE_OR_MORE_TIME 4
+#define ONIG_META_CHAR_ANYCHAR_ANYTIME 5
+
+#define ONIG_INEFFECTIVE_META_CHAR 0
+
+/* error codes */
+#define ONIG_IS_PATTERN_ERROR(ecode) ((ecode) <= -100 && (ecode) > -1000)
+/* normal return */
+#define ONIG_NORMAL 0
+#define ONIG_MISMATCH -1
+#define ONIG_NO_SUPPORT_CONFIG -2
+
+/* internal error */
+#define ONIGERR_MEMORY -5
+#define ONIGERR_TYPE_BUG -6
+#define ONIGERR_PARSER_BUG -11
+#define ONIGERR_STACK_BUG -12
+#define ONIGERR_UNDEFINED_BYTECODE -13
+#define ONIGERR_UNEXPECTED_BYTECODE -14
+#define ONIGERR_MATCH_STACK_LIMIT_OVER -15
+#define ONIGERR_PARSE_DEPTH_LIMIT_OVER -16
+#define ONIGERR_DEFAULT_ENCODING_IS_NOT_SET -21
+#define ONIGERR_SPECIFIED_ENCODING_CANT_CONVERT_TO_WIDE_CHAR -22
+/* general error */
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT -30
+/* syntax error */
+#define ONIGERR_END_PATTERN_AT_LEFT_BRACE -100
+#define ONIGERR_END_PATTERN_AT_LEFT_BRACKET -101
+#define ONIGERR_EMPTY_CHAR_CLASS -102
+#define ONIGERR_PREMATURE_END_OF_CHAR_CLASS -103
+#define ONIGERR_END_PATTERN_AT_ESCAPE -104
+#define ONIGERR_END_PATTERN_AT_META -105
+#define ONIGERR_END_PATTERN_AT_CONTROL -106
+#define ONIGERR_META_CODE_SYNTAX -108
+#define ONIGERR_CONTROL_CODE_SYNTAX -109
+#define ONIGERR_CHAR_CLASS_VALUE_AT_END_OF_RANGE -110
+#define ONIGERR_CHAR_CLASS_VALUE_AT_START_OF_RANGE -111
+#define ONIGERR_UNMATCHED_RANGE_SPECIFIER_IN_CHAR_CLASS -112
+#define ONIGERR_TARGET_OF_REPEAT_OPERATOR_NOT_SPECIFIED -113
+#define ONIGERR_TARGET_OF_REPEAT_OPERATOR_INVALID -114
+#define ONIGERR_NESTED_REPEAT_OPERATOR -115
+#define ONIGERR_UNMATCHED_CLOSE_PARENTHESIS -116
+#define ONIGERR_END_PATTERN_WITH_UNMATCHED_PARENTHESIS -117
+#define ONIGERR_END_PATTERN_IN_GROUP -118
+#define ONIGERR_UNDEFINED_GROUP_OPTION -119
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_POSIX_BRACKET_TYPE -121
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_LOOK_BEHIND_PATTERN -122
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_REPEAT_RANGE_PATTERN -123
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_CONDITION_PATTERN -124
+/* values error (syntax error) */
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_BIG_NUMBER -200
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_BIG_NUMBER_FOR_REPEAT_RANGE -201
+#define ONIGERR_UPPER_SMALLER_THAN_LOWER_IN_REPEAT_RANGE -202
+#define ONIGERR_EMPTY_RANGE_IN_CHAR_CLASS -203
+#define ONIGERR_MISMATCH_CODE_LENGTH_IN_CLASS_RANGE -204
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_MANY_MULTI_BYTE_RANGES -205
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_SHORT_MULTI_BYTE_STRING -206
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_BIG_BACKREF_NUMBER -207
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_BACKREF -208
+#define ONIGERR_NUMBERED_BACKREF_OR_CALL_NOT_ALLOWED -209
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_MANY_CAPTURE_GROUPS -210
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_SHORT_DIGITS -211
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_LONG_WIDE_CHAR_VALUE -212
+#define ONIGERR_EMPTY_GROUP_NAME -214
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_GROUP_NAME -215
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_CHAR_IN_GROUP_NAME -216
+#define ONIGERR_UNDEFINED_NAME_REFERENCE -217
+#define ONIGERR_UNDEFINED_GROUP_REFERENCE -218
+#define ONIGERR_MULTIPLEX_DEFINED_NAME -219
+#define ONIGERR_MULTIPLEX_DEFINITION_NAME_CALL -220
+#define ONIGERR_NEVER_ENDING_RECURSION -221
+#define ONIGERR_GROUP_NUMBER_OVER_FOR_CAPTURE_HISTORY -222
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_CHAR_PROPERTY_NAME -223
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_CODE_POINT_VALUE -400
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_WIDE_CHAR_VALUE -400
+#define ONIGERR_TOO_BIG_WIDE_CHAR_VALUE -401
+#define ONIGERR_NOT_SUPPORTED_ENCODING_COMBINATION -402
+#define ONIGERR_INVALID_COMBINATION_OF_OPTIONS -403
+
+/* errors related to thread */
+/* #define ONIGERR_OVER_THREAD_PASS_LIMIT_COUNT -1001 */
+
+
+/* must be smaller than BIT_STATUS_BITS_NUM (unsigned int * 8) */
+#define ONIG_MAX_CAPTURE_HISTORY_GROUP 31
+#define ONIG_IS_CAPTURE_HISTORY_GROUP(r, i) \
+ ((i) <= ONIG_MAX_CAPTURE_HISTORY_GROUP && (r)->list && (r)->list[i])
+
+#ifdef USE_CAPTURE_HISTORY
+typedef struct OnigCaptureTreeNodeStruct {
+ int group; /* group number */
+ OnigPosition beg;
+ OnigPosition end;
+ int allocated;
+ int num_childs;
+ struct OnigCaptureTreeNodeStruct** childs;
+} OnigCaptureTreeNode;
+#endif
+
+/* match result region type */
+struct re_registers {
+ int allocated;
+ int num_regs;
+ OnigPosition* beg;
+ OnigPosition* end;
+#ifdef USE_CAPTURE_HISTORY
+ /* extended */
+ OnigCaptureTreeNode* history_root; /* capture history tree root */
+#endif
+};
+
+/* capture tree traverse */
+#define ONIG_TRAVERSE_CALLBACK_AT_FIRST 1
+#define ONIG_TRAVERSE_CALLBACK_AT_LAST 2
+#define ONIG_TRAVERSE_CALLBACK_AT_BOTH \
+ ( ONIG_TRAVERSE_CALLBACK_AT_FIRST | ONIG_TRAVERSE_CALLBACK_AT_LAST )
+
+
+#define ONIG_REGION_NOTPOS -1
+
+typedef struct re_registers OnigRegion;
+
+typedef struct {
+ OnigEncoding enc;
+ OnigUChar* par;
+ OnigUChar* par_end;
+} OnigErrorInfo;
+
+typedef struct {
+ int lower;
+ int upper;
+} OnigRepeatRange;
+
+typedef void (*OnigWarnFunc)(const char* s);
+extern void onig_null_warn(const char* s);
+#define ONIG_NULL_WARN onig_null_warn
+
+#define ONIG_CHAR_TABLE_SIZE 256
+
+typedef struct re_pattern_buffer {
+ /* common members of BBuf(bytes-buffer) */
+ unsigned char* p; /* compiled pattern */
+ unsigned int used; /* used space for p */
+ unsigned int alloc; /* allocated space for p */
+
+ int num_mem; /* used memory(...) num counted from 1 */
+ int num_repeat; /* OP_REPEAT/OP_REPEAT_NG id-counter */
+ int num_null_check; /* OP_NULL_CHECK_START/END id counter */
+ int num_comb_exp_check; /* combination explosion check */
+ int num_call; /* number of subexp call */
+ unsigned int capture_history; /* (?@...) flag (1-31) */
+ unsigned int bt_mem_start; /* need backtrack flag */
+ unsigned int bt_mem_end; /* need backtrack flag */
+ int stack_pop_level;
+ int repeat_range_alloc;
+
+ OnigOptionType options;
+
+ OnigRepeatRange* repeat_range;
+
+ OnigEncoding enc;
+ const OnigSyntaxType* syntax;
+ void* name_table;
+ OnigCaseFoldType case_fold_flag;
+
+ /* optimization info (string search, char-map and anchors) */
+ int optimize; /* optimize flag */
+ int threshold_len; /* search str-length for apply optimize */
+ int anchor; /* BEGIN_BUF, BEGIN_POS, (SEMI_)END_BUF */
+ OnigDistance anchor_dmin; /* (SEMI_)END_BUF anchor distance */
+ OnigDistance anchor_dmax; /* (SEMI_)END_BUF anchor distance */
+ int sub_anchor; /* start-anchor for exact or map */
+ unsigned char *exact;
+ unsigned char *exact_end;
+ unsigned char map[ONIG_CHAR_TABLE_SIZE]; /* used as BM skip or char-map */
+ int *int_map; /* BM skip for exact_len > 255 */
+ int *int_map_backward; /* BM skip for backward search */
+ OnigDistance dmin; /* min-distance of exact or map */
+ OnigDistance dmax; /* max-distance of exact or map */
+
+ /* regex_t link chain */
+ struct re_pattern_buffer* chain; /* escape compile-conflict */
+} OnigRegexType;
+
+typedef OnigRegexType* OnigRegex;
+
+#ifndef ONIG_ESCAPE_REGEX_T_COLLISION
+typedef OnigRegexType regex_t;
+#endif
+
+
+typedef struct {
+ int num_of_elements;
+ OnigEncoding pattern_enc;
+ OnigEncoding target_enc;
+ const OnigSyntaxType* syntax;
+ OnigOptionType option;
+ OnigCaseFoldType case_fold_flag;
+} OnigCompileInfo;
+
+/* Oniguruma Native API */
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_initialize(OnigEncoding encodings[], int n);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_init(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_error_code_to_str(OnigUChar* s, OnigPosition err_code, ...);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_set_warn_func(OnigWarnFunc f);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_set_verb_warn_func(OnigWarnFunc f);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_new(OnigRegex*, const OnigUChar* pattern, const OnigUChar* pattern_end, OnigOptionType option, OnigEncoding enc, const OnigSyntaxType* syntax, OnigErrorInfo* einfo);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_reg_init(OnigRegex reg, OnigOptionType option, OnigCaseFoldType case_fold_flag, OnigEncoding enc, const OnigSyntaxType* syntax);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_new_without_alloc(OnigRegex, const OnigUChar* pattern, const OnigUChar* pattern_end, OnigOptionType option, OnigEncoding enc, const OnigSyntaxType* syntax, OnigErrorInfo* einfo);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_new_deluxe(OnigRegex* reg, const OnigUChar* pattern, const OnigUChar* pattern_end, OnigCompileInfo* ci, OnigErrorInfo* einfo);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_free(OnigRegex);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_free_body(OnigRegex);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigPosition onig_scan(OnigRegex reg, const OnigUChar* str, const OnigUChar* end, OnigRegion* region, OnigOptionType option, int (*scan_callback)(OnigPosition, OnigPosition, OnigRegion*, void*), void* callback_arg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigPosition onig_search(OnigRegex, const OnigUChar* str, const OnigUChar* end, const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* range, OnigRegion* region, OnigOptionType option);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigPosition onig_search_gpos(OnigRegex, const OnigUChar* str, const OnigUChar* end, const OnigUChar* global_pos, const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* range, OnigRegion* region, OnigOptionType option);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigPosition onig_match(OnigRegex, const OnigUChar* str, const OnigUChar* end, const OnigUChar* at, OnigRegion* region, OnigOptionType option);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigRegion* onig_region_new(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_region_init(OnigRegion* region);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_region_free(OnigRegion* region, int free_self);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_region_copy(OnigRegion* to, const OnigRegion* from);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_region_clear(OnigRegion* region);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_region_resize(OnigRegion* region, int n);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_region_set(OnigRegion* region, int at, int beg, int end);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_name_to_group_numbers(OnigRegex reg, const OnigUChar* name, const OnigUChar* name_end, int** nums);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_name_to_backref_number(OnigRegex reg, const OnigUChar* name, const OnigUChar* name_end, const OnigRegion *region);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_foreach_name(OnigRegex reg, int (*func)(const OnigUChar*, const OnigUChar*,int,int*,OnigRegex,void*), void* arg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_number_of_names(const OnigRegexType *reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_number_of_captures(const OnigRegexType *reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_number_of_capture_histories(const OnigRegexType *reg);
+#ifdef USE_CAPTURE_HISTORY
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigCaptureTreeNode* onig_get_capture_tree(OnigRegion* region);
+#endif
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_capture_tree_traverse(OnigRegion* region, int at, int(*callback_func)(int,OnigPosition,OnigPosition,int,int,void*), void* arg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_noname_group_capture_is_active(const OnigRegexType *reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigEncoding onig_get_encoding(const OnigRegexType *reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigOptionType onig_get_options(const OnigRegexType *reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigCaseFoldType onig_get_case_fold_flag(const OnigRegexType *reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+const OnigSyntaxType* onig_get_syntax(const OnigRegexType *reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_set_default_syntax(const OnigSyntaxType* syntax);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_copy_syntax(OnigSyntaxType* to, const OnigSyntaxType* from);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+unsigned int onig_get_syntax_op(const OnigSyntaxType* syntax);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+unsigned int onig_get_syntax_op2(const OnigSyntaxType* syntax);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+unsigned int onig_get_syntax_behavior(const OnigSyntaxType* syntax);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigOptionType onig_get_syntax_options(const OnigSyntaxType* syntax);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_set_syntax_op(OnigSyntaxType* syntax, unsigned int op);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_set_syntax_op2(OnigSyntaxType* syntax, unsigned int op2);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_set_syntax_behavior(OnigSyntaxType* syntax, unsigned int behavior);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_set_syntax_options(OnigSyntaxType* syntax, OnigOptionType options);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_set_meta_char(OnigSyntaxType* syntax, unsigned int what, OnigCodePoint code);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+void onig_copy_encoding(OnigEncodingType *to, OnigEncoding from);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+OnigCaseFoldType onig_get_default_case_fold_flag(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_set_default_case_fold_flag(OnigCaseFoldType case_fold_flag);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+unsigned int onig_get_match_stack_limit_size(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_set_match_stack_limit_size(unsigned int size);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+unsigned int onig_get_parse_depth_limit(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_set_parse_depth_limit(unsigned int depth);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_end(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+const char* onig_version(void);
+ONIG_EXTERN
+const char* onig_copyright(void);
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+# if 0
+{ /* satisfy cc-mode */
+# endif
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* ONIGMO_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/oniguruma.h b/include/ruby/oniguruma.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc83754aca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/oniguruma.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef ONIGURUMA_H
+#define ONIGURUMA_H
+#include "onigmo.h"
+#define ONIGURUMA
+#define ONIGURUMA_VERSION_MAJOR ONIGMO_VERSION_MAJOR
+#define ONIGURUMA_VERSION_MINOR ONIGMO_VERSION_MINOR
+#define ONIGURUMA_VERSION_TEENY ONIGMO_VERSION_TEENY
+#endif /* ONIGURUMA_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/ractor.h b/include/ruby/ractor.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d6687456c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/ractor.h
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_RACTOR_H
+#define RUBY_RACTOR_H 1
+
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Koichi Sasada
+ * @date Tue Nov 17 16:39:15 2020
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2020 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+
+struct rb_ractor_local_storage_type {
+ void (*mark)(void *ptr);
+ void (*free)(void *ptr);
+ // TODO: update
+};
+
+typedef struct rb_ractor_local_key_struct *rb_ractor_local_key_t;
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cRactor;
+
+VALUE rb_ractor_stdin(void);
+VALUE rb_ractor_stdout(void);
+VALUE rb_ractor_stderr(void);
+void rb_ractor_stdin_set(VALUE);
+void rb_ractor_stdout_set(VALUE);
+void rb_ractor_stderr_set(VALUE);
+
+rb_ractor_local_key_t rb_ractor_local_storage_value_newkey(void);
+VALUE rb_ractor_local_storage_value(rb_ractor_local_key_t key);
+bool rb_ractor_local_storage_value_lookup(rb_ractor_local_key_t key, VALUE *val);
+void rb_ractor_local_storage_value_set(rb_ractor_local_key_t key, VALUE val);
+
+RUBY_EXTERN const struct rb_ractor_local_storage_type rb_ractor_local_storage_type_free;
+#define RB_RACTOR_LOCAL_STORAGE_TYPE_FREE (&rb_ractor_local_storage_type_free)
+
+rb_ractor_local_key_t rb_ractor_local_storage_ptr_newkey(const struct rb_ractor_local_storage_type *type);
+void *rb_ractor_local_storage_ptr(rb_ractor_local_key_t key);
+void rb_ractor_local_storage_ptr_set(rb_ractor_local_key_t key, void *ptr);
+
+VALUE rb_ractor_make_shareable(VALUE obj);
+VALUE rb_ractor_make_shareable_copy(VALUE obj);
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+#define RB_OBJ_SHAREABLE_P(obj) FL_TEST_RAW((obj), RUBY_FL_SHAREABLE)
+
+static inline bool
+rb_ractor_shareable_p(VALUE obj)
+{
+ bool rb_ractor_shareable_p_continue(VALUE obj);
+
+ if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ else if (RB_OBJ_SHAREABLE_P(obj)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ else {
+ return rb_ractor_shareable_p_continue(obj);
+ }
+}
+
+#endif /* RUBY_RACTOR_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/random.h b/include/ruby/random.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56b2dd413f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/random.h
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_RANDOM_H
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @date Sat May 7 11:51:14 JST 2016
+ * @copyright 2007-2020 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+
+#include "ruby/ruby.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+struct rb_random_struct {
+ VALUE seed;
+};
+typedef struct rb_random_struct rb_random_t;
+
+typedef void rb_random_init_func(rb_random_t *, const uint32_t *, size_t);
+typedef unsigned int rb_random_get_int32_func(rb_random_t *);
+typedef void rb_random_get_bytes_func(rb_random_t *, void *, size_t);
+typedef double rb_random_get_real_func(rb_random_t *, int);
+
+typedef struct {
+ size_t default_seed_bits;
+ rb_random_init_func *init;
+ rb_random_get_int32_func *get_int32;
+ rb_random_get_bytes_func *get_bytes;
+ rb_random_get_real_func *get_real;
+} rb_random_interface_t;
+
+#define RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DECLARE(prefix) \
+ static void prefix##_init(rb_random_t *, const uint32_t *, size_t); \
+ static unsigned int prefix##_get_int32(rb_random_t *); \
+ static void prefix##_get_bytes(rb_random_t *, void *, size_t)
+
+#define RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DECLARE_WITH_REAL(prefix) \
+ RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DECLARE(prefix); \
+ static double prefix##_get_real(rb_random_t *, int)
+
+#define RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE(prefix) \
+ prefix##_init, \
+ prefix##_get_int32, \
+ prefix##_get_bytes
+
+#define RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE_WITH_REAL(prefix) \
+ RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE(prefix), \
+ prefix##_get_real
+
+#if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
+typedef rb_data_type_t rb_random_data_type_t;
+# define RB_RANDOM_PARENT 0
+#else
+typedef const rb_data_type_t rb_random_data_type_t;
+# define RB_RANDOM_PARENT &rb_random_data_type
+#endif
+
+#define RB_RANDOM_DATA_INIT_PARENT(random_data) \
+ rbimpl_random_data_init_parent(&random_data)
+
+void rb_random_mark(void *ptr);
+void rb_random_base_init(rb_random_t *rnd);
+double rb_int_pair_to_real(uint32_t a, uint32_t b, int excl);
+void rb_rand_bytes_int32(rb_random_get_int32_func *, rb_random_t *, void *, size_t);
+RUBY_EXTERN const rb_data_type_t rb_random_data_type;
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+/* :TODO: can this function be __attribute__((returns_nonnull)) or not? */
+static inline const rb_random_interface_t *
+rb_rand_if(VALUE obj)
+{
+ RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RTYPEDDATA_P(obj));
+ const struct rb_data_type_struct *t = RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj);
+ const void *ret = t->data;
+ return RBIMPL_CAST((const rb_random_interface_t *)ret);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+static inline void
+rbimpl_random_data_init_parent(rb_random_data_type_t *random_data)
+{
+#if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
+ random_data->parent = &rb_random_data_type;
+#endif
+}
+
+#endif /* RUBY_RANDOM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/re.h b/include/ruby/re.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec0f425db0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/re.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_RE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_RE_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Thu Sep 30 14:18:32 JST 1993
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "ruby/regex.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+VALUE rb_reg_regcomp(VALUE);
+long rb_reg_search(VALUE, VALUE, long, int);
+VALUE rb_reg_regsub(VALUE, VALUE, struct re_registers *, VALUE);
+long rb_reg_adjust_startpos(VALUE, VALUE, long, int);
+void rb_match_busy(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_reg_quote(VALUE);
+regex_t *rb_reg_prepare_re(VALUE re, VALUE str);
+int rb_reg_region_copy(struct re_registers *, const struct re_registers *);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_RE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/regex.h b/include/ruby/regex.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..22dae3231d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/regex.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef ONIGURUMA_REGEX_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define ONIGURUMA_REGEX_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#if 0
+} /* satisfy cc-mode */
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RUBY
+#include "ruby/oniguruma.h"
+#else
+#include "oniguruma.h"
+#endif
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+
+#ifndef ONIG_RUBY_M17N
+
+ONIG_EXTERN OnigEncoding OnigEncDefaultCharEncoding;
+
+#define mbclen(p,e,enc) rb_enc_mbclen((p),(e),(enc))
+
+#endif /* ifndef ONIG_RUBY_M17N */
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+#if 0
+{ /* satisfy cc-mode */
+#endif
+} /* extern "C" { */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* ONIGURUMA_REGEX_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/ruby.h b/include/ruby/ruby.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c68168d500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/ruby.h
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_RUBY_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_RUBY_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Thu Jun 10 14:26:32 JST 1993
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 1993-2008 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2000 Network Applied Communication Laboratory, Inc.
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2000 Information-technology Promotion Agency, Japan
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_INTRINSICS_H
+# include <intrinsics.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+#include "defines.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/anyargs.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/arithmetic.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/core.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/ctype.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/error.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/eval.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/event.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/gc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/glob.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/globals.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/warning.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/interpreter.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/iterator.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/memory.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/method.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/module.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/newobj.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/rgengc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/scan_args.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/symbol.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/variable.h"
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/assume.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h"
+#include "ruby/backward/2/limits.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* Module#methods, #singleton_methods and so on return Symbols */
+#define USE_SYMBOL_AS_METHOD_NAME 1
+
+VALUE rb_get_path(VALUE);
+#define FilePathValue(v) (RB_GC_GUARD(v) = rb_get_path(v))
+
+VALUE rb_get_path_no_checksafe(VALUE);
+#define FilePathStringValue(v) ((v) = rb_get_path(v))
+
+#if defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P) && defined(HAVE_STMT_AND_DECL_IN_EXPR)
+# define rb_varargs_argc_check_runtime(argc, vargc) \
+ (((argc) <= (vargc)) ? (argc) : \
+ (rb_fatal("argc(%d) exceeds actual arguments(%d)", \
+ argc, vargc), 0))
+# define rb_varargs_argc_valid_p(argc, vargc) \
+ ((argc) == 0 ? (vargc) <= 1 : /* [ruby-core:85266] [Bug #14425] */ \
+ (argc) == (vargc))
+# if defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR_CONSTANT_P)
+# if HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_ERRORFUNC
+ERRORFUNC((" argument length doesn't match"), int rb_varargs_bad_length(int,int));
+# else
+# define rb_varargs_bad_length(argc, vargc) \
+ ((argc)/rb_varargs_argc_valid_p(argc, vargc))
+# endif
+# define rb_varargs_argc_check(argc, vargc) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr(__builtin_constant_p(argc), \
+ (rb_varargs_argc_valid_p(argc, vargc) ? (argc) : \
+ rb_varargs_bad_length(argc, vargc)), \
+ rb_varargs_argc_check_runtime(argc, vargc))
+# else
+# define rb_varargs_argc_check(argc, vargc) \
+ rb_varargs_argc_check_runtime(argc, vargc)
+# endif
+#endif
+
+const char *rb_class2name(VALUE);
+const char *rb_obj_classname(VALUE);
+
+void rb_p(VALUE);
+
+VALUE rb_equal(VALUE,VALUE);
+
+VALUE rb_require(const char*);
+
+#include "ruby/intern.h"
+
+#if defined(EXTLIB) && defined(USE_DLN_A_OUT)
+/* hook for external modules */
+static char *dln_libs_to_be_linked[] = { EXTLIB, 0 };
+#endif
+
+#define RUBY_VM 1 /* YARV */
+#define HAVE_NATIVETHREAD
+int ruby_native_thread_p(void);
+
+#define InitVM(ext) {void InitVM_##ext(void);InitVM_##ext();}
+
+PRINTF_ARGS(int ruby_snprintf(char *str, size_t n, char const *fmt, ...), 3, 4);
+int ruby_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t n, char const *fmt, va_list ap);
+
+#if RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wgnu-zero-variadic-macro-arguments")
+# /* Skip it; clang -pedantic doesn't like the following */
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && defined(HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO) && defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
+# define rb_yield_values(argc, ...) \
+__extension__({ \
+ const int rb_yield_values_argc = (argc); \
+ const VALUE rb_yield_values_args[] = {__VA_ARGS__}; \
+ const int rb_yield_values_nargs = \
+ (int)(sizeof(rb_yield_values_args) / sizeof(VALUE)); \
+ rb_yield_values2( \
+ rb_varargs_argc_check(rb_yield_values_argc, rb_yield_values_nargs), \
+ rb_yield_values_nargs ? rb_yield_values_args : NULL); \
+ })
+
+# define rb_funcall(recv, mid, argc, ...) \
+__extension__({ \
+ const int rb_funcall_argc = (argc); \
+ const VALUE rb_funcall_args[] = {__VA_ARGS__}; \
+ const int rb_funcall_nargs = \
+ (int)(sizeof(rb_funcall_args) / sizeof(VALUE)); \
+ rb_funcallv(recv, mid, \
+ rb_varargs_argc_check(rb_funcall_argc, rb_funcall_nargs), \
+ rb_funcall_nargs ? rb_funcall_args : NULL); \
+ })
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RUBY_DONT_SUBST
+#include "ruby/subst.h"
+#endif
+
+#if !defined RUBY_EXPORT && !defined RUBY_NO_OLD_COMPATIBILITY
+# include "ruby/backward.h"
+#endif
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_RUBY_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/st.h b/include/ruby/st.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e4bb80686
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/st.h
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+/* This is a public domain general purpose hash table package
+ originally written by Peter Moore @ UCB.
+
+ The hash table data structures were redesigned and the package was
+ rewritten by Vladimir Makarov <vmakarov@redhat.com>. */
+
+#ifndef RUBY_ST_H
+#define RUBY_ST_H 1
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#if 0
+} /* satisfy cc-mode */
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/defines.h"
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+
+#if SIZEOF_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
+typedef unsigned long st_data_t;
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
+typedef unsigned LONG_LONG st_data_t;
+#else
+# error ---->> st.c requires sizeof(void*) == sizeof(long) or sizeof(LONG_LONG) to be compiled. <<----
+#endif
+#define ST_DATA_T_DEFINED
+
+#ifndef CHAR_BIT
+# ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
+# include <limits.h>
+# else
+# define CHAR_BIT 8
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef _
+# define _(args) args
+#endif
+#ifndef ANYARGS
+# ifdef __cplusplus
+# define ANYARGS ...
+# else
+# define ANYARGS
+# endif
+#endif
+
+typedef struct st_table st_table;
+
+typedef st_data_t st_index_t;
+
+/* Maximal value of unsigned integer type st_index_t. */
+#define MAX_ST_INDEX_VAL (~(st_index_t) 0)
+
+typedef int st_compare_func(st_data_t, st_data_t);
+typedef st_index_t st_hash_func(st_data_t);
+
+typedef char st_check_for_sizeof_st_index_t[SIZEOF_VOIDP == (int)sizeof(st_index_t) ? 1 : -1];
+#define SIZEOF_ST_INDEX_T SIZEOF_VOIDP
+
+struct st_hash_type {
+ int (*compare)(st_data_t, st_data_t); /* st_compare_func* */
+ st_index_t (*hash)(st_data_t); /* st_hash_func* */
+};
+
+#define ST_INDEX_BITS (SIZEOF_ST_INDEX_T * CHAR_BIT)
+
+#if defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR) && defined(HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_TYPES_COMPATIBLE_P)
+# define ST_DATA_COMPATIBLE_P(type) \
+ __builtin_choose_expr(__builtin_types_compatible_p(type, st_data_t), 1, 0)
+#else
+# define ST_DATA_COMPATIBLE_P(type) 0
+#endif
+
+typedef struct st_table_entry st_table_entry;
+
+struct st_table_entry; /* defined in st.c */
+
+struct st_table {
+ /* Cached features of the table -- see st.c for more details. */
+ unsigned char entry_power, bin_power, size_ind;
+ /* How many times the table was rebuilt. */
+ unsigned int rebuilds_num;
+ const struct st_hash_type *type;
+ /* Number of entries currently in the table. */
+ st_index_t num_entries;
+ /* Array of bins used for access by keys. */
+ st_index_t *bins;
+ /* Start and bound index of entries in array entries.
+ entries_starts and entries_bound are in interval
+ [0,allocated_entries]. */
+ st_index_t entries_start, entries_bound;
+ /* Array of size 2^entry_power. */
+ st_table_entry *entries;
+};
+
+#define st_is_member(table,key) st_lookup((table),(key),(st_data_t *)0)
+
+enum st_retval {ST_CONTINUE, ST_STOP, ST_DELETE, ST_CHECK, ST_REPLACE};
+
+st_table *rb_st_init_table(const struct st_hash_type *);
+#define st_init_table rb_st_init_table
+st_table *rb_st_init_table_with_size(const struct st_hash_type *, st_index_t);
+#define st_init_table_with_size rb_st_init_table_with_size
+st_table *rb_st_init_numtable(void);
+#define st_init_numtable rb_st_init_numtable
+st_table *rb_st_init_numtable_with_size(st_index_t);
+#define st_init_numtable_with_size rb_st_init_numtable_with_size
+st_table *rb_st_init_strtable(void);
+#define st_init_strtable rb_st_init_strtable
+st_table *rb_st_init_strtable_with_size(st_index_t);
+#define st_init_strtable_with_size rb_st_init_strtable_with_size
+st_table *rb_st_init_strcasetable(void);
+#define st_init_strcasetable rb_st_init_strcasetable
+st_table *rb_st_init_strcasetable_with_size(st_index_t);
+#define st_init_strcasetable_with_size rb_st_init_strcasetable_with_size
+int rb_st_delete(st_table *, st_data_t *, st_data_t *); /* returns 0:notfound 1:deleted */
+#define st_delete rb_st_delete
+int rb_st_delete_safe(st_table *, st_data_t *, st_data_t *, st_data_t);
+#define st_delete_safe rb_st_delete_safe
+int rb_st_shift(st_table *, st_data_t *, st_data_t *); /* returns 0:notfound 1:deleted */
+#define st_shift rb_st_shift
+int rb_st_insert(st_table *, st_data_t, st_data_t);
+#define st_insert rb_st_insert
+int rb_st_insert2(st_table *, st_data_t, st_data_t, st_data_t (*)(st_data_t));
+#define st_insert2 rb_st_insert2
+int rb_st_lookup(st_table *, st_data_t, st_data_t *);
+#define st_lookup rb_st_lookup
+int rb_st_get_key(st_table *, st_data_t, st_data_t *);
+#define st_get_key rb_st_get_key
+typedef int st_update_callback_func(st_data_t *key, st_data_t *value, st_data_t arg, int existing);
+/* *key may be altered, but must equal to the old key, i.e., the
+ * results of hash() are same and compare() returns 0, otherwise the
+ * behavior is undefined */
+int rb_st_update(st_table *table, st_data_t key, st_update_callback_func *func, st_data_t arg);
+#define st_update rb_st_update
+typedef int st_foreach_callback_func(st_data_t, st_data_t, st_data_t);
+typedef int st_foreach_check_callback_func(st_data_t, st_data_t, st_data_t, int);
+int rb_st_foreach_with_replace(st_table *tab, st_foreach_check_callback_func *func, st_update_callback_func *replace, st_data_t arg);
+#define st_foreach_with_replace rb_st_foreach_with_replace
+int rb_st_foreach(st_table *, st_foreach_callback_func *, st_data_t);
+#define st_foreach rb_st_foreach
+int rb_st_foreach_check(st_table *, st_foreach_check_callback_func *, st_data_t, st_data_t);
+#define st_foreach_check rb_st_foreach_check
+st_index_t rb_st_keys(st_table *table, st_data_t *keys, st_index_t size);
+#define st_keys rb_st_keys
+st_index_t rb_st_keys_check(st_table *table, st_data_t *keys, st_index_t size, st_data_t never);
+#define st_keys_check rb_st_keys_check
+st_index_t rb_st_values(st_table *table, st_data_t *values, st_index_t size);
+#define st_values rb_st_values
+st_index_t rb_st_values_check(st_table *table, st_data_t *values, st_index_t size, st_data_t never);
+#define st_values_check rb_st_values_check
+void rb_st_add_direct(st_table *, st_data_t, st_data_t);
+#define st_add_direct rb_st_add_direct
+void rb_st_free_table(st_table *);
+#define st_free_table rb_st_free_table
+void rb_st_cleanup_safe(st_table *, st_data_t);
+#define st_cleanup_safe rb_st_cleanup_safe
+void rb_st_clear(st_table *);
+#define st_clear rb_st_clear
+st_table *rb_st_copy(st_table *);
+#define st_copy rb_st_copy
+CONSTFUNC(int rb_st_numcmp(st_data_t, st_data_t));
+#define st_numcmp rb_st_numcmp
+CONSTFUNC(st_index_t rb_st_numhash(st_data_t));
+#define st_numhash rb_st_numhash
+PUREFUNC(int rb_st_locale_insensitive_strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2));
+#define st_locale_insensitive_strcasecmp rb_st_locale_insensitive_strcasecmp
+PUREFUNC(int rb_st_locale_insensitive_strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n));
+#define st_locale_insensitive_strncasecmp rb_st_locale_insensitive_strncasecmp
+#define st_strcasecmp rb_st_locale_insensitive_strcasecmp
+#define st_strncasecmp rb_st_locale_insensitive_strncasecmp
+PUREFUNC(size_t rb_st_memsize(const st_table *));
+#define st_memsize rb_st_memsize
+PUREFUNC(st_index_t rb_st_hash(const void *ptr, size_t len, st_index_t h));
+#define st_hash rb_st_hash
+CONSTFUNC(st_index_t rb_st_hash_uint32(st_index_t h, uint32_t i));
+#define st_hash_uint32 rb_st_hash_uint32
+CONSTFUNC(st_index_t rb_st_hash_uint(st_index_t h, st_index_t i));
+#define st_hash_uint rb_st_hash_uint
+CONSTFUNC(st_index_t rb_st_hash_end(st_index_t h));
+#define st_hash_end rb_st_hash_end
+CONSTFUNC(st_index_t rb_st_hash_start(st_index_t h));
+#define st_hash_start(h) ((st_index_t)(h))
+
+void rb_hash_bulk_insert_into_st_table(long, const VALUE *, VALUE);
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+#if 0
+{ /* satisfy cc-mode */
+#endif
+} /* extern "C" { */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_ST_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/subst.h b/include/ruby/subst.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cf48a3909c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/subst.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_SUBST_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_SUBST_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+
+#undef snprintf
+#undef vsnprintf
+#define snprintf ruby_snprintf
+#define vsnprintf ruby_vsnprintf
+
+#ifdef BROKEN_CLOSE
+#undef getpeername
+#define getpeername ruby_getpeername
+#undef getsockname
+#define getsockname ruby_getsockname
+#undef shutdown
+#define shutdown ruby_shutdown
+#undef close
+#define close ruby_close
+#endif
+#endif
diff --git a/include/ruby/thread.h b/include/ruby/thread.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b05537badb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/thread.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_THREAD_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_THREAD_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author: matz $
+ * @date Tue Jul 10 17:35:43 JST 2012
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/intern.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+/* flags for rb_nogvl */
+#define RB_NOGVL_INTR_FAIL (0x1)
+#define RB_NOGVL_UBF_ASYNC_SAFE (0x2)
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+void *rb_thread_call_with_gvl(void *(*func)(void *), void *data1);
+
+void *rb_thread_call_without_gvl(void *(*func)(void *), void *data1,
+ rb_unblock_function_t *ubf, void *data2);
+void *rb_thread_call_without_gvl2(void *(*func)(void *), void *data1,
+ rb_unblock_function_t *ubf, void *data2);
+
+/*
+ * XXX: unstable/unapproved - out-of-tree code should NOT not depend
+ * on this until it hits Ruby 2.6.1
+ */
+void *rb_nogvl(void *(*func)(void *), void *data1,
+ rb_unblock_function_t *ubf, void *data2,
+ int flags);
+
+#define RUBY_CALL_WO_GVL_FLAG_SKIP_CHECK_INTS_AFTER 0x01
+#define RUBY_CALL_WO_GVL_FLAG_SKIP_CHECK_INTS_
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_THREAD_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/thread_native.h b/include/ruby/thread_native.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7e08c2e97f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/thread_native.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_THREAD_NATIVE_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_THREAD_NATIVE_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author: ko1 $
+ * @date Wed May 14 19:37:31 2014
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2014 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This file contains wrapper APIs for native thread primitives
+ * which Ruby interpreter uses.
+ *
+ * Now, we only support pthread and Windows threads.
+ *
+ * If you want to use Ruby's Mutex and so on to synchronize Ruby Threads,
+ * please use Mutex directly.
+ */
+
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#include <windows.h>
+typedef HANDLE rb_nativethread_id_t;
+
+typedef union rb_thread_lock_union {
+ HANDLE mutex;
+ CRITICAL_SECTION crit;
+} rb_nativethread_lock_t;
+
+typedef struct rb_thread_cond_struct rb_nativethread_cond_t;
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_H)
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+typedef pthread_t rb_nativethread_id_t;
+typedef pthread_mutex_t rb_nativethread_lock_t;
+typedef pthread_cond_t rb_nativethread_cond_t;
+
+#else
+#error "unsupported thread type"
+
+#endif
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+
+rb_nativethread_id_t rb_nativethread_self();
+
+void rb_nativethread_lock_initialize(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+void rb_nativethread_lock_destroy(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+void rb_nativethread_lock_lock(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+void rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+
+void rb_native_mutex_lock(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+int rb_native_mutex_trylock(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+void rb_native_mutex_unlock(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+void rb_native_mutex_initialize(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+void rb_native_mutex_destroy(rb_nativethread_lock_t *lock);
+
+void rb_native_cond_signal(rb_nativethread_cond_t *cond);
+void rb_native_cond_broadcast(rb_nativethread_cond_t *cond);
+void rb_native_cond_wait(rb_nativethread_cond_t *cond, rb_nativethread_lock_t *mutex);
+void rb_native_cond_timedwait(rb_nativethread_cond_t *cond, rb_nativethread_lock_t *mutex, unsigned long msec);
+void rb_native_cond_initialize(rb_nativethread_cond_t *cond);
+void rb_native_cond_destroy(rb_nativethread_cond_t *cond);
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/ruby/util.h b/include/ruby/util.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..af022dacbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_UTIL_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_UTIL_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Thu Mar 9 11:55:53 JST 1995
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/defines.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+#define DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BITS(n) (((n) * 3010 + 9998) / 9999)
+/* an approximation of ceil(n * log10(2)), up to 65536 at least */
+
+#define scan_oct(s,l,e) ((int)ruby_scan_oct((s),(l),(e)))
+unsigned long ruby_scan_oct(const char *, size_t, size_t *);
+#define scan_hex(s,l,e) ((int)ruby_scan_hex((s),(l),(e)))
+unsigned long ruby_scan_hex(const char *, size_t, size_t *);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_GNU_QSORT_R
+# define ruby_qsort qsort_r
+#else
+void ruby_qsort(void *, const size_t, const size_t,
+ int (*)(const void *, const void *, void *), void *);
+#endif
+
+void ruby_setenv(const char *, const char *);
+void ruby_unsetenv(const char *);
+
+char *ruby_strdup(const char *);
+#undef strdup
+#define strdup(s) ruby_strdup(s)
+
+char *ruby_getcwd(void);
+
+double ruby_strtod(const char *, char **);
+#undef strtod
+#define strtod(s,e) ruby_strtod((s),(e))
+
+void ruby_each_words(const char *, void (*)(const char*, int, void*), void *);
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_UTIL_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/version.h b/include/ruby/version.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..924bfa8f91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/version.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_VERSION_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_VERSION_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Wed May 13 12:56:56 JST 2009
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 1993-2009 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2000 Network Applied Communication Laboratory, Inc.
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2000 Information-technology Promotion Agency, Japan
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ *
+ * This file contains only
+ * - never-changeable information, and
+ * - interfaces accessible from extension libraries.
+ *
+ * Never try to check RUBY_VERSION_CODE etc in extension libraries,
+ * check the features with mkmf.rb instead.
+ */
+
+/* The origin. */
+#define RUBY_AUTHOR "Yukihiro Matsumoto"
+#define RUBY_BIRTH_YEAR 1993
+#define RUBY_BIRTH_MONTH 2
+#define RUBY_BIRTH_DAY 24
+
+/* API version */
+#define RUBY_API_VERSION_MAJOR 3
+#define RUBY_API_VERSION_MINOR 0
+#define RUBY_API_VERSION_TEENY 0
+#define RUBY_API_VERSION_CODE (RUBY_API_VERSION_MAJOR*10000+RUBY_API_VERSION_MINOR*100+RUBY_API_VERSION_TEENY)
+
+#ifdef RUBY_EXTERN
+/* Internal note: this file could be included from verconf.mk _before_
+ * generating config.h, on Windows. The #ifdef above is to trick such
+ * situation. */
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/*
+ * Interfaces from extension libraries.
+ *
+ * Before using these infos, think thrice whether they are really
+ * necessary or not, and if the answer was yes, think twice a week
+ * later again.
+ */
+RUBY_EXTERN const int ruby_api_version[3];
+RUBY_EXTERN const char ruby_version[];
+RUBY_EXTERN const char ruby_release_date[];
+RUBY_EXTERN const char ruby_platform[];
+RUBY_EXTERN const int ruby_patchlevel;
+RUBY_EXTERN const char ruby_description[];
+RUBY_EXTERN const char ruby_copyright[];
+RUBY_EXTERN const char ruby_engine[];
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/ruby/vm.h b/include/ruby/vm.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7bdd567453
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/vm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_VM_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RUBY_VM_H 1
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author $Author$
+ * @date Sat May 31 15:17:36 2008
+ * @copyright Copyright (C) 2008 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+ * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or
+ * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the
+ * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+
+/* Place holder.
+ *
+ * We will prepare VM creation/control APIs on 1.9.2 or later.
+ *
+ */
+
+/* VM type declaration */
+typedef struct rb_vm_struct ruby_vm_t;
+
+/* core API */
+int ruby_vm_destruct(ruby_vm_t *vm);
+
+/**
+ * ruby_vm_at_exit registers a function _func_ to be invoked when a VM
+ * passed away. Functions registered this way runs in reverse order
+ * of registration, just like END {} block does. The difference is
+ * its timing to be triggered. ruby_vm_at_exit functions runs when a
+ * VM _passed_ _away_, while END {} blocks runs just _before_ a VM
+ * _is_ _passing_ _away_.
+ *
+ * You cannot register a function to another VM than where you are in.
+ * So where to register is intuitive, omitted. OTOH the argument
+ * _func_ cannot know which VM it is in because at the time of
+ * invocation, the VM has already died and there is no execution
+ * context. The VM itself is passed as the first argument to it.
+ *
+ * @param[in] func the function to register.
+ */
+void ruby_vm_at_exit(void(*func)(ruby_vm_t *));
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+#endif /* RUBY_VM_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/win32.h b/include/ruby/win32.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00259485a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/win32.h
@@ -0,0 +1,815 @@
+#ifndef RUBY_WIN32_H
+#define RUBY_WIN32_H 1
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#if 0
+} /* satisfy cc-mode */
+#endif
+#endif
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1993, Intergraph Corporation
+ *
+ * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
+ * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the perl README file.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Definitions for NT port of Perl
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * Ok now we can include the normal include files.
+ */
+
+/* #include <stdarg.h> conflict with varargs.h? */
+#if !defined(WSAAPI)
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(_MSC_VER)
+extern "C++" { /* template without extern "C++" */
+#endif
+#if !defined(_WIN64) && !defined(WIN32)
+#define WIN32
+#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER <= 1200
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+#include <winsock2.h>
+#include <ws2tcpip.h>
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER >= 1400
+#include <iphlpapi.h>
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(_MSC_VER)
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * We're not using Microsoft's "extensions" to C for
+ * Structured Exception Handling (SEH) so we can nuke these
+ */
+#undef try
+#undef except
+#undef finally
+#undef leave
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <direct.h>
+#include <process.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER == 1200
+extern "C++" { /* template without extern "C++" */
+#endif
+#include <math.h>
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER == 1200
+}
+#endif
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UTIME_H
+# include <sys/utime.h>
+#else
+# include <utime.h>
+#endif
+#include <io.h>
+#include <malloc.h>
+#if defined __MINGW32__
+# include <stdint.h>
+#else
+# if !defined(_INTPTR_T_DEFINED)
+# ifdef _WIN64
+typedef __int64 intptr_t;
+# else
+typedef int intptr_t;
+# endif
+# define _INTPTR_T_DEFINED
+# endif
+# if !defined(INTPTR_MAX)
+# ifdef _WIN64
+# define INTPTR_MAX 9223372036854775807I64
+# else
+# define INTPTR_MAX 2147483647
+# endif
+# define INTPTR_MIN (-INTPTR_MAX-1)
+# endif
+# if !defined(_UINTPTR_T_DEFINED)
+# ifdef _WIN64
+typedef unsigned __int64 uintptr_t;
+# else
+typedef unsigned int uintptr_t;
+# endif
+# define _UINTPTR_T_DEFINED
+# endif
+# if !defined(UINTPTR_MAX)
+# ifdef _WIN64
+# define UINTPTR_MAX 18446744073709551615UI64
+# else
+# define UINTPTR_MAX 4294967295U
+# endif
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+# define mode_t int
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#define rb_w32_iswinnt() TRUE
+#define rb_w32_iswin95() FALSE
+
+#define WNOHANG -1
+
+#define O_SHARE_DELETE 0x20000000 /* for rb_w32_open(), rb_w32_wopen() */
+
+typedef int clockid_t;
+#define CLOCK_REALTIME 0
+#define CLOCK_MONOTONIC 1
+
+#undef utime
+#undef lseek
+#undef stat
+#undef fstat
+#ifdef RUBY_EXPORT
+#define utime(_p, _t) rb_w32_uutime(_p, _t)
+#undef HAVE_UTIMES
+#define HAVE_UTIMES 1
+#define utimes(_p, _t) rb_w32_uutimes(_p, _t)
+#undef HAVE_UTIMENSAT
+#define HAVE_UTIMENSAT 1
+#define AT_FDCWD -100
+#define utimensat(_d, _p, _t, _f) rb_w32_uutimensat(_d, _p, _t, _f)
+#define lseek(_f, _o, _w) rb_w32_lseek(_f, _o, _w)
+
+#define pipe(p) rb_w32_pipe(p)
+#define open rb_w32_uopen
+#define close(h) rb_w32_close(h)
+#define fclose(f) rb_w32_fclose(f)
+#define read(f, b, s) rb_w32_read(f, b, s)
+#define write(f, b, s) rb_w32_write(f, b, s)
+#define getpid() rb_w32_getpid()
+#define getppid() rb_w32_getppid()
+#define sleep(x) rb_w32_Sleep((x)*1000)
+#define Sleep(msec) (void)rb_w32_Sleep(msec)
+
+#undef execv
+#define execv(path,argv) rb_w32_uaspawn(P_OVERLAY,path,argv)
+#undef isatty
+#define isatty(h) rb_w32_isatty(h)
+
+#undef mkdir
+#define mkdir(p, m) rb_w32_umkdir(p, m)
+#undef rmdir
+#define rmdir(p) rb_w32_urmdir(p)
+#undef unlink
+#define unlink(p) rb_w32_uunlink(p)
+#endif /* RUBY_EXPORT */
+
+/* same with stati64 except the size of st_ino and nanosecond timestamps */
+struct stati128 {
+ _dev_t st_dev;
+ unsigned __int64 st_ino;
+ __int64 st_inohigh;
+ unsigned short st_mode;
+ short st_nlink;
+ short st_uid;
+ short st_gid;
+ _dev_t st_rdev;
+ __int64 st_size;
+ __time64_t st_atime;
+ long st_atimensec;
+ __time64_t st_mtime;
+ long st_mtimensec;
+ __time64_t st_ctime;
+ long st_ctimensec;
+};
+
+#define off_t __int64
+#define stat stati128
+#undef SIZEOF_STRUCT_STAT_ST_INO
+#define SIZEOF_STRUCT_STAT_ST_INO sizeof(unsigned __int64)
+#define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_INOHIGH
+#define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIMENSEC
+#define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
+#define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_CTIMENSEC
+#define fstat(fd,st) rb_w32_fstati128(fd,st)
+#define stati128(path, st) rb_w32_ustati128(path,st)
+#define lstat(path,st) rb_w32_ulstati128(path,st)
+#define access(path,mode) rb_w32_uaccess(path,mode)
+
+#define strcasecmp _stricmp
+#define strncasecmp _strnicmp
+#define fsync _commit
+
+struct timezone;
+
+#ifdef __MINGW32__
+#undef isascii
+#define isascii __isascii
+#endif
+
+struct iovec {
+ void *iov_base;
+ size_t iov_len;
+};
+struct msghdr {
+ void *msg_name;
+ int msg_namelen;
+ struct iovec *msg_iov;
+ int msg_iovlen;
+ void *msg_control;
+ int msg_controllen;
+ int msg_flags;
+};
+
+/* for getifaddrs() and others */
+struct ifaddrs {
+ struct ifaddrs *ifa_next;
+ char *ifa_name;
+ u_int ifa_flags;
+ struct sockaddr *ifa_addr;
+ struct sockaddr *ifa_netmask;
+ struct sockaddr *ifa_broadaddr;
+ struct sockaddr *ifa_dstaddr;
+ void *ifa_data;
+};
+#ifdef IF_NAMESIZE
+#define IFNAMSIZ IF_NAMESIZE
+#else
+#define IFNAMSIZ 256
+#endif
+#ifdef IFF_POINTTOPOINT
+#define IFF_POINTOPOINT IFF_POINTTOPOINT
+#endif
+
+extern void rb_w32_sysinit(int *, char ***);
+extern DWORD rb_w32_osid(void);
+extern int flock(int fd, int oper);
+extern int rb_w32_io_cancelable_p(int);
+extern int rb_w32_is_socket(int);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_accept(int, struct sockaddr *, int *);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_bind(int, const struct sockaddr *, int);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_connect(int, const struct sockaddr *, int);
+extern void rb_w32_fdset(int, fd_set*);
+extern void rb_w32_fdclr(int, fd_set*);
+extern int rb_w32_fdisset(int, fd_set*);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_select(int, fd_set *, fd_set *, fd_set *, struct timeval *);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_getpeername(int, struct sockaddr *, int *);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_getsockname(int, struct sockaddr *, int *);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_getsockopt(int, int, int, char *, int *);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_ioctlsocket(int, long, u_long *);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_listen(int, int);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_recv(int, char *, int, int);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_recvfrom(int, char *, int, int, struct sockaddr *, int *);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_send(int, const char *, int, int);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_sendto(int, const char *, int, int, const struct sockaddr *, int);
+extern int recvmsg(int, struct msghdr *, int);
+extern int sendmsg(int, const struct msghdr *, int);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_setsockopt(int, int, int, const char *, int);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_shutdown(int, int);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_socket(int, int, int);
+extern SOCKET rb_w32_get_osfhandle(int);
+extern struct hostent *WSAAPI rb_w32_gethostbyaddr(const char *, int, int);
+extern struct hostent *WSAAPI rb_w32_gethostbyname(const char *);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_gethostname(char *, int);
+extern struct protoent *WSAAPI rb_w32_getprotobyname(const char *);
+extern struct protoent *WSAAPI rb_w32_getprotobynumber(int);
+extern struct servent *WSAAPI rb_w32_getservbyname(const char *, const char *);
+extern struct servent *WSAAPI rb_w32_getservbyport(int, const char *);
+extern int socketpair(int, int, int, int *);
+extern int getifaddrs(struct ifaddrs **);
+extern void freeifaddrs(struct ifaddrs *);
+extern char * rb_w32_ugetcwd(char *, int);
+extern char * rb_w32_ugetenv(const char *);
+extern int rb_w32_urename(const char *, const char *);
+extern char **rb_w32_get_environ(void);
+extern void rb_w32_free_environ(char **);
+extern int rb_w32_map_errno(DWORD);
+extern const char *WSAAPI rb_w32_inet_ntop(int,const void *,char *,size_t);
+extern int WSAAPI rb_w32_inet_pton(int,const char *,void *);
+extern DWORD rb_w32_osver(void);
+
+extern int rb_w32_uchown(const char *, int, int);
+extern int rb_w32_ulink(const char *, const char *);
+extern ssize_t rb_w32_ureadlink(const char *, char *, size_t);
+extern ssize_t rb_w32_wreadlink(const WCHAR *, WCHAR *, size_t);
+extern int rb_w32_usymlink(const char *src, const char *link);
+extern int gettimeofday(struct timeval *, struct timezone *);
+extern int clock_gettime(clockid_t, struct timespec *);
+extern int clock_getres(clockid_t, struct timespec *);
+extern rb_pid_t waitpid (rb_pid_t, int *, int);
+extern rb_pid_t rb_w32_uspawn(int, const char *, const char*);
+extern rb_pid_t rb_w32_uaspawn(int, const char *, char *const *);
+extern rb_pid_t rb_w32_uaspawn_flags(int, const char *, char *const *, DWORD);
+extern int kill(int, int);
+extern int fcntl(int, int, ...);
+extern int rb_w32_set_nonblock(int);
+extern rb_pid_t rb_w32_getpid(void);
+extern rb_pid_t rb_w32_getppid(void);
+extern int rb_w32_isatty(int);
+extern int rb_w32_uchdir(const char *);
+extern int rb_w32_umkdir(const char *, int);
+extern int rb_w32_urmdir(const char *);
+extern int rb_w32_uunlink(const char *);
+extern int rb_w32_uchmod(const char *, int);
+extern int rb_w32_ustati128(const char *, struct stati128 *);
+extern int rb_w32_ulstati128(const char *, struct stati128 *);
+extern int rb_w32_uaccess(const char *, int);
+extern char rb_w32_fd_is_text(int);
+extern int rb_w32_fstati128(int, struct stati128 *);
+extern int rb_w32_dup2(int, int);
+
+#include <float.h>
+
+#if defined _MSC_VER && _MSC_VER >= 1800 && defined INFINITY
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable:4756)
+static inline float
+rb_infinity_float(void)
+{
+ return INFINITY;
+}
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#undef INFINITY
+#define INFINITY rb_infinity_float()
+#endif
+
+#if !defined __MINGW32__ || defined __NO_ISOCEXT
+#ifndef isnan
+#define isnan(x) _isnan(x)
+#endif
+static inline int
+finite(double x)
+{
+ return _finite(x);
+}
+#ifndef copysign
+#define copysign(a, b) _copysign(a, b)
+#endif
+static inline double
+scalb(double a, long b)
+{
+ return _scalb(a, b);
+}
+#else
+__declspec(dllimport) extern int finite(double);
+#endif
+
+#if !defined S_IFIFO && defined _S_IFIFO
+#define S_IFIFO _S_IFIFO
+#endif
+
+#if !defined S_IRUSR && !defined __MINGW32__
+#define S_IRUSR 0400
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IRGRP
+#define S_IRGRP 0040
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IROTH
+#define S_IROTH 0004
+#endif
+
+#if !defined S_IWUSR && !defined __MINGW32__
+#define S_IWUSR 0200
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IWGRP
+#define S_IWGRP 0020
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IWOTH
+#define S_IWOTH 0002
+#endif
+
+#if !defined S_IXUSR && !defined __MINGW32__
+#define S_IXUSR 0100
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IXGRP
+#define S_IXGRP 0010
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IXOTH
+#define S_IXOTH 0001
+#endif
+
+#define S_IFLNK 0xa000
+
+/*
+ * define this so we can do inplace editing
+ */
+
+#define SUFFIX
+
+extern int rb_w32_ftruncate(int fd, off_t length);
+extern int rb_w32_truncate(const char *path, off_t length);
+extern int rb_w32_utruncate(const char *path, off_t length);
+
+#undef HAVE_FTRUNCATE
+#define HAVE_FTRUNCATE 1
+#if defined HAVE_FTRUNCATE64
+#define ftruncate ftruncate64
+#else
+#define ftruncate rb_w32_ftruncate
+#endif
+
+#undef HAVE_TRUNCATE
+#define HAVE_TRUNCATE 1
+#define truncate rb_w32_utruncate
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400 && _MSC_VER < 1800
+#define strtoll _strtoi64
+#define strtoull _strtoui64
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * stubs
+ */
+extern int ioctl (int, int, ...);
+extern rb_uid_t getuid (void);
+extern rb_uid_t geteuid (void);
+extern rb_gid_t getgid (void);
+extern rb_gid_t getegid (void);
+extern int setuid (rb_uid_t);
+extern int setgid (rb_gid_t);
+
+extern char *rb_w32_strerror(int);
+
+#ifdef RUBY_EXPORT
+#define strerror(e) rb_w32_strerror(e)
+#endif
+
+#define PIPE_BUF 1024
+
+#define LOCK_SH 1
+#define LOCK_EX 2
+#define LOCK_NB 4
+#define LOCK_UN 8
+
+
+#ifndef SIGINT
+#define SIGINT 2
+#endif
+#ifndef SIGKILL
+#define SIGKILL 9
+#endif
+
+
+/* #undef va_start */
+/* #undef va_end */
+
+/* winsock error map */
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#ifndef EWOULDBLOCK
+# define EWOULDBLOCK WSAEWOULDBLOCK
+#endif
+#ifndef EINPROGRESS
+# define EINPROGRESS WSAEINPROGRESS
+#endif
+#ifndef EALREADY
+# define EALREADY WSAEALREADY
+#endif
+#ifndef ENOTSOCK
+# define ENOTSOCK WSAENOTSOCK
+#endif
+#ifndef EDESTADDRREQ
+# define EDESTADDRREQ WSAEDESTADDRREQ
+#endif
+#ifndef EMSGSIZE
+# define EMSGSIZE WSAEMSGSIZE
+#endif
+#ifndef EPROTOTYPE
+# define EPROTOTYPE WSAEPROTOTYPE
+#endif
+#ifndef ENOPROTOOPT
+# define ENOPROTOOPT WSAENOPROTOOPT
+#endif
+#ifndef EPROTONOSUPPORT
+# define EPROTONOSUPPORT WSAEPROTONOSUPPORT
+#endif
+#ifndef ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
+# define ESOCKTNOSUPPORT WSAESOCKTNOSUPPORT
+#endif
+#ifndef EOPNOTSUPP
+# define EOPNOTSUPP WSAEOPNOTSUPP
+#endif
+#ifndef EPFNOSUPPORT
+# define EPFNOSUPPORT WSAEPFNOSUPPORT
+#endif
+#ifndef EAFNOSUPPORT
+# define EAFNOSUPPORT WSAEAFNOSUPPORT
+#endif
+#ifndef EADDRINUSE
+# define EADDRINUSE WSAEADDRINUSE
+#endif
+#ifndef EADDRNOTAVAIL
+# define EADDRNOTAVAIL WSAEADDRNOTAVAIL
+#endif
+#ifndef ENETDOWN
+# define ENETDOWN WSAENETDOWN
+#endif
+#ifndef ENETUNREACH
+# define ENETUNREACH WSAENETUNREACH
+#endif
+#ifndef ENETRESET
+# define ENETRESET WSAENETRESET
+#endif
+#ifndef ECONNABORTED
+# define ECONNABORTED WSAECONNABORTED
+#endif
+#ifndef ECONNRESET
+# define ECONNRESET WSAECONNRESET
+#endif
+#ifndef ENOBUFS
+# define ENOBUFS WSAENOBUFS
+#endif
+#ifndef EISCONN
+# define EISCONN WSAEISCONN
+#endif
+#ifndef ENOTCONN
+# define ENOTCONN WSAENOTCONN
+#endif
+#ifndef ESHUTDOWN
+# define ESHUTDOWN WSAESHUTDOWN
+#endif
+#ifndef ETOOMANYREFS
+# define ETOOMANYREFS WSAETOOMANYREFS
+#endif
+#ifndef ETIMEDOUT
+# define ETIMEDOUT WSAETIMEDOUT
+#endif
+#ifndef ECONNREFUSED
+# define ECONNREFUSED WSAECONNREFUSED
+#endif
+#ifndef ELOOP
+# define ELOOP WSAELOOP
+#endif
+/*#define ENAMETOOLONG WSAENAMETOOLONG*/
+#ifndef EHOSTDOWN
+# define EHOSTDOWN WSAEHOSTDOWN
+#endif
+#ifndef EHOSTUNREACH
+# define EHOSTUNREACH WSAEHOSTUNREACH
+#endif
+/*#define ENOTEMPTY WSAENOTEMPTY*/
+#ifndef EPROCLIM
+# define EPROCLIM WSAEPROCLIM
+#endif
+#ifndef EUSERS
+# define EUSERS WSAEUSERS
+#endif
+#ifndef EDQUOT
+# define EDQUOT WSAEDQUOT
+#endif
+#ifndef ESTALE
+# define ESTALE WSAESTALE
+#endif
+#ifndef EREMOTE
+# define EREMOTE WSAEREMOTE
+#endif
+
+#define F_DUPFD 0
+#define F_GETFD 1
+#define F_SETFD 2
+#if 0
+#define F_GETFL 3
+#endif
+#define F_SETFL 4
+#define F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC 67
+#define FD_CLOEXEC 1 /* F_GETFD, F_SETFD */
+#define O_NONBLOCK 1
+
+#undef FD_SET
+#define FD_SET(fd, set) do {\
+ unsigned int i;\
+ SOCKET s = _get_osfhandle(fd);\
+\
+ for (i = 0; i < (set)->fd_count; i++) {\
+ if ((set)->fd_array[i] == s) {\
+ break;\
+ }\
+ }\
+ if (i == (set)->fd_count) {\
+ if ((set)->fd_count < FD_SETSIZE) {\
+ (set)->fd_array[i] = s;\
+ (set)->fd_count++;\
+ }\
+ }\
+} while(0)
+
+#undef FD_CLR
+#define FD_CLR(f, s) rb_w32_fdclr(f, s)
+
+#undef FD_ISSET
+#define FD_ISSET(f, s) rb_w32_fdisset(f, s)
+
+#ifdef RUBY_EXPORT
+#undef inet_ntop
+#define inet_ntop(f,a,n,l) rb_w32_inet_ntop(f,a,n,l)
+
+#undef inet_pton
+#define inet_pton(f,s,d) rb_w32_inet_pton(f,s,d)
+
+#undef accept
+#define accept(s, a, l) rb_w32_accept(s, a, l)
+
+#undef bind
+#define bind(s, a, l) rb_w32_bind(s, a, l)
+
+#undef connect
+#define connect(s, a, l) rb_w32_connect(s, a, l)
+
+#undef select
+#define select(n, r, w, e, t) rb_w32_select(n, r, w, e, t)
+
+#undef getpeername
+#define getpeername(s, a, l) rb_w32_getpeername(s, a, l)
+
+#undef getsockname
+#define getsockname(s, a, l) rb_w32_getsockname(s, a, l)
+
+#undef getsockopt
+#define getsockopt(s, v, n, o, l) rb_w32_getsockopt(s, v, n, o, l)
+
+#undef ioctlsocket
+#define ioctlsocket(s, c, a) rb_w32_ioctlsocket(s, c, a)
+
+#undef listen
+#define listen(s, b) rb_w32_listen(s, b)
+
+#undef recv
+#define recv(s, b, l, f) rb_w32_recv(s, b, l, f)
+
+#undef recvfrom
+#define recvfrom(s, b, l, f, fr, frl) rb_w32_recvfrom(s, b, l, f, fr, frl)
+
+#undef send
+#define send(s, b, l, f) rb_w32_send(s, b, l, f)
+
+#undef sendto
+#define sendto(s, b, l, f, t, tl) rb_w32_sendto(s, b, l, f, t, tl)
+
+#undef setsockopt
+#define setsockopt(s, v, n, o, l) rb_w32_setsockopt(s, v, n, o, l)
+
+#undef shutdown
+#define shutdown(s, h) rb_w32_shutdown(s, h)
+
+#undef socket
+#define socket(s, t, p) rb_w32_socket(s, t, p)
+
+#undef gethostbyaddr
+#define gethostbyaddr(a, l, t) rb_w32_gethostbyaddr(a, l, t)
+
+#undef gethostbyname
+#define gethostbyname(n) rb_w32_gethostbyname(n)
+
+#undef gethostname
+#define gethostname(n, l) rb_w32_gethostname(n, l)
+
+#undef getprotobyname
+#define getprotobyname(n) rb_w32_getprotobyname(n)
+
+#undef getprotobynumber
+#define getprotobynumber(n) rb_w32_getprotobynumber(n)
+
+#undef getservbyname
+#define getservbyname(n, p) rb_w32_getservbyname(n, p)
+
+#undef getservbyport
+#define getservbyport(p, pr) rb_w32_getservbyport(p, pr)
+
+#undef get_osfhandle
+#define get_osfhandle(h) rb_w32_get_osfhandle(h)
+
+#undef getcwd
+#define getcwd(b, s) rb_w32_ugetcwd(b, s)
+
+#undef getenv
+#define getenv(n) rb_w32_ugetenv(n)
+
+#undef rename
+#define rename(o, n) rb_w32_urename(o, n)
+
+#undef times
+#define times(t) rb_w32_times(t)
+
+#undef dup2
+#define dup2(o, n) rb_w32_dup2(o, n)
+#endif
+
+struct tms {
+ long tms_utime;
+ long tms_stime;
+ long tms_cutime;
+ long tms_cstime;
+};
+
+int rb_w32_times(struct tms *);
+
+struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *, struct tm *);
+struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *, struct tm *);
+
+/* thread stuff */
+int rb_w32_sleep(unsigned long msec);
+int rb_w32_uopen(const char *, int, ...);
+int rb_w32_wopen(const WCHAR *, int, ...);
+int rb_w32_close(int);
+int rb_w32_fclose(FILE*);
+int rb_w32_pipe(int[2]);
+ssize_t rb_w32_read(int, void *, size_t);
+ssize_t rb_w32_write(int, const void *, size_t);
+off_t rb_w32_lseek(int, off_t, int);
+int rb_w32_uutime(const char *, const struct utimbuf *);
+int rb_w32_uutimes(const char *, const struct timeval *);
+int rb_w32_uutimensat(int /* must be AT_FDCWD */, const char *, const struct timespec *, int /* must be 0 */);
+long rb_w32_write_console(uintptr_t, int); /* use uintptr_t instead of VALUE because it's not defined yet here */
+int WINAPI rb_w32_Sleep(unsigned long msec);
+int rb_w32_wait_events_blocking(HANDLE *events, int num, DWORD timeout);
+int rb_w32_time_subtract(struct timeval *rest, const struct timeval *wait);
+int rb_w32_wrap_io_handle(HANDLE, int);
+int rb_w32_unwrap_io_handle(int);
+WCHAR *rb_w32_mbstr_to_wstr(UINT, const char *, int, long *);
+char *rb_w32_wstr_to_mbstr(UINT, const WCHAR *, int, long *);
+
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_ugetcwd, char *rb_w32_getcwd(char *, int));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_ugetenv, char *rb_w32_getenv(const char *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_urename, int rb_w32_rename(const char *, const char *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uopen, int rb_w32_open(const char *, int, ...));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uchown, int chown(const char *, int, int));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_ulink, int link(const char *, const char *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_ureadlink, ssize_t readlink(const char *, char *, size_t));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_usymlink, int symlink(const char *src, const char *link));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_umkdir, int rb_w32_mkdir(const char *, int));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_urmdir, int rb_w32_rmdir(const char *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uunlink, int rb_w32_unlink(const char *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uutime, int rb_w32_utime(const char *, const struct utimbuf *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uutimes, int rb_w32_utimes(const char *, const struct timeval *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uutimensat, int rb_w32_utimensat(int, const char *, const struct timespec *, int));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_ustati128, int rb_w32_stati128(const char *, struct stati128 *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_ulstati128, int rb_w32_lstati128(const char *, struct stati128 *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uaccess, int rb_w32_access(const char *, int));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uspawn, rb_pid_t rb_w32_spawn(int, const char *, const char*));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uaspawn, rb_pid_t rb_w32_aspawn(int, const char *, char *const *));
+DEPRECATED_BY(rb_w32_uaspawn_flags, rb_pid_t rb_w32_aspawn_flags(int, const char *, char *const *, DWORD));
+
+/*
+== ***CAUTION***
+Since this function is very dangerous, ((*NEVER*))
+* lock any HANDLEs(i.e. Mutex, Semaphore, CriticalSection and so on) or,
+* use anything like rb_thread_call_without_gvl,
+in asynchronous_func_t.
+*/
+typedef uintptr_t (*asynchronous_func_t)(uintptr_t self, int argc, uintptr_t* argv);
+uintptr_t rb_w32_asynchronize(asynchronous_func_t func, uintptr_t self, int argc, uintptr_t* argv, uintptr_t intrval);
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+#if (defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR) || defined(__MINGW64__)) && !defined(__cplusplus)
+#ifdef RUBY_MINGW64_BROKEN_FREXP_MODF
+/* License: Ruby's */
+/* get rid of bugs in math.h of mingw */
+#define frexp(_X, _Y) __extension__ ({\
+ int intpart_frexp_bug = intpart_frexp_bug;\
+ double result_frexp_bug = frexp((_X), &intpart_frexp_bug);\
+ *(_Y) = intpart_frexp_bug;\
+ result_frexp_bug;\
+})
+/* License: Ruby's */
+#define modf(_X, _Y) __extension__ ({\
+ double intpart_modf_bug = intpart_modf_bug;\
+ double result_modf_bug = modf((_X), &intpart_modf_bug);\
+ *(_Y) = intpart_modf_bug;\
+ result_modf_bug;\
+})
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__MINGW64__)
+/*
+ * Use powl() instead of broken pow() of x86_64-w64-mingw32.
+ * This workaround will fix test failures in test_bignum.rb,
+ * test_fixnum.rb and test_float.rb etc.
+ */
+static inline double
+rb_w32_pow(double x, double y)
+{
+ return (double)powl(x, y);
+}
+#elif defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR)
+double rb_w32_pow(double x, double y);
+#endif
+#define pow rb_w32_pow
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+#if 0
+{ /* satisfy cc-mode */
+#endif
+} /* extern "C" { */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUBY_WIN32_H */