added tag v1_9_0_4

git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/tags/v1_9_0_4@18845 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e

1 files changed, 1290 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/trunk/test/ruby/test_m17n.rb b/trunk/test/ruby/test_m17n.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e82e04beb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/trunk/test/ruby/test_m17n.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,1290 @@
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'stringio'
+
+class TestM17N < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  def assert_encoding(encname, actual, message=nil)
+    assert_equal(Encoding.find(encname), actual, message)
+  end
+
+  module AESU
+    def a(str) str.dup.force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT") end
+    def e(str) str.dup.force_encoding("EUC-JP") end
+    def s(str) str.dup.force_encoding("Windows-31J") end
+    def u(str) str.dup.force_encoding("UTF-8") end
+  end
+  include AESU
+  extend AESU
+
+  def assert_strenc(bytes, enc, actual, message=nil)
+    assert_instance_of(String, actual, message)
+    enc = Encoding.find(enc) if String === enc
+    assert_equal(enc, actual.encoding, message)
+    assert_equal(a(bytes), a(actual), message)
+  end
+
+  def assert_warning(pat, mesg=nil)
+    begin
+      org_stderr = $stderr
+      $stderr = StringIO.new(warn = '')
+      yield
+    ensure
+      $stderr = org_stderr
+    end
+    assert_match(pat, warn, mesg)
+  end
+
+  def assert_regexp_generic_encoding(r)
+    assert(!r.fixed_encoding?)
+    %w[ASCII-8BIT EUC-JP Windows-31J UTF-8].each {|ename|
+      # "\xc2\xa1" is a valid sequence for ASCII-8BIT, EUC-JP, Windows-31J and UTF-8.
+      assert_nothing_raised { r =~ "\xc2\xa1".force_encoding(ename) }
+    }
+  end
+
+  def assert_regexp_fixed_encoding(r)
+    assert(r.fixed_encoding?)
+    %w[ASCII-8BIT EUC-JP Windows-31J UTF-8].each {|ename|
+      enc = Encoding.find(ename)
+      if enc == r.encoding
+        assert_nothing_raised { r =~ "\xc2\xa1".force_encoding(enc) }
+      else
+        assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ "\xc2\xa1".force_encoding(enc) }
+      end
+    }
+  end
+
+  def assert_regexp_generic_ascii(r)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", r.encoding)
+    assert_regexp_generic_encoding(r)
+  end
+
+  def assert_regexp_fixed_ascii8bit(r)
+    assert_encoding("ASCII-8BIT", r.encoding)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_encoding(r)
+  end
+
+  def assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(r)
+    assert_encoding("EUC-JP", r.encoding)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_encoding(r)
+  end
+
+  def assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(r)
+    assert_encoding("Windows-31J", r.encoding)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_encoding(r)
+  end
+
+  def assert_regexp_fixed_utf8(r)
+    assert_encoding("UTF-8", r.encoding)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_encoding(r)
+  end
+
+  def assert_regexp_usascii_literal(r, enc, ex = nil)
+    code = "# -*- encoding: US-ASCII -*-\n#{r}.encoding"
+    if ex
+      assert_raise(ex) { eval(code) }
+    else
+      assert_equal(enc, eval(code))
+    end
+  end
+
+  def encdump(str)
+    d = str.dump
+    if /\.force_encoding\("[A-Za-z0-9.:_+-]*"\)\z/ =~ d
+      d
+    else
+      "#{d}.force_encoding(#{str.encoding.name.dump})"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def encdumpargs(args)
+    r = '('
+    args.each_with_index {|a, i|
+      r << ',' if 0 < i
+      if String === a
+        r << encdump(a)
+      else
+        r << a.inspect
+      end
+    }
+    r << ')'
+    r
+  end
+
+  def assert_str_enc_propagation(t, s1, s2)
+    if !s1.ascii_only?
+      assert_equal(s1.encoding, t.encoding)
+    elsif !s2.ascii_only?
+      assert_equal(s2.encoding, t.encoding)
+    else
+      assert([s1.encoding, s2.encoding].include?(t.encoding))
+    end
+  end
+
+  def assert_same_result(expected_proc, actual_proc)
+    e = nil
+    begin
+      t = expected_proc.call
+    rescue
+      e = $!
+    end
+    if e
+      assert_raise(e.class) { actual_proc.call }
+    else
+      assert_equal(t, actual_proc.call)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def str_enc_compatible?(*strs)
+    encs = []
+    strs.each {|s|
+      encs << s.encoding if !s.ascii_only?
+    }
+    encs.uniq!
+    encs.length <= 1
+  end
+
+  # tests start
+
+  def test_string_ascii_literal
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", eval(a(%{""})).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", eval(a(%{"a"})).encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_string_eucjp_literal
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", eval(e(%{""})).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", eval(e(%{"a"})).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("EUC-JP", eval(e(%{"\xa1\xa1"})).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("EUC-JP", eval(e(%{"\\xa1\\xa1"})).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", eval(e(%{"\\x20"})).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", eval(e(%{"\\n"})).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("EUC-JP", eval(e(%{"\\x80"})).encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_utf8_literal
+    assert_equal(Encoding::UTF_8, "\u3042".encoding, "[ruby-dev:33406] \"\\u3042\".encoding")
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a('\u3052\x80')) }
+  end
+
+  def test_string_mixed_unicode
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{"\xc2\xa1\\u{6666}"})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{"\xc2\xa1\\u{6666}"})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{"\xc2\xa1\\u{6666}"})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{"\xc2\xa1\\u{6666}"})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{"\\u{6666}\xc2\xa1"})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{"\\u{6666}\xc2\xa1"})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{"\\u{6666}\xc2\xa1"})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{"\\u{6666}\xc2\xa1"})) }
+  end
+
+  def test_string_inspect
+    assert_equal('"\xFE"', e("\xfe").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\x8E"', e("\x8e").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\x8F"', e("\x8f").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\x8F\xA1"', e("\x8f\xa1").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xEF"', s("\xef").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xC2"', u("\xc2").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xE0\x80"', u("\xe0\x80").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xF0\x80\x80"', u("\xf0\x80\x80").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xF8\x80\x80\x80"', u("\xf8\x80\x80\x80").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xFC\x80\x80\x80\x80"', u("\xfc\x80\x80\x80\x80").inspect)
+
+    assert_equal('"\xFE "', e("\xfe ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\x8E "', e("\x8e ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\x8F "', e("\x8f ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\x8F\xA1 "', e("\x8f\xa1 ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xEF "', s("\xef ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xC2 "', u("\xc2 ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xE0\x80 "', u("\xe0\x80 ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xF0\x80\x80 "', u("\xf0\x80\x80 ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xF8\x80\x80\x80 "', u("\xf8\x80\x80\x80 ").inspect)
+    assert_equal('"\xFC\x80\x80\x80\x80 "', u("\xfc\x80\x80\x80\x80 ").inspect)
+
+
+    assert_equal(e("\"\\xA1\x8f\xA1\xA1\""), e("\xa1\x8f\xa1\xa1").inspect)
+
+    assert_equal('"\x81."', s("\x81.").inspect)
+    assert_equal(s("\"\x81@\""), s("\x81@").inspect)
+
+    assert_equal('"\xFC"', u("\xfc").inspect)
+  end
+
+  def test_str_dump
+    [
+      e("\xfe"),
+      e("\x8e"),
+      e("\x8f"),
+      e("\x8f\xa1"),
+      s("\xef"),
+      u("\xc2"),
+      u("\xe0\x80"),
+      u("\xf0\x80\x80"),
+      u("\xf8\x80\x80\x80"),
+      u("\xfc\x80\x80\x80\x80"),
+
+      e("\xfe "),
+      e("\x8e "),
+      e("\x8f "),
+      e("\x8f\xa1 "),
+      s("\xef "),
+      u("\xc2 "),
+      u("\xe0\x80 "),
+      u("\xf0\x80\x80 "),
+      u("\xf8\x80\x80\x80 "),
+      u("\xfc\x80\x80\x80\x80 "),
+
+
+      e("\xa1\x8f\xa1\xa1"),
+
+      s("\x81."),
+      s("\x81@"),
+
+      u("\xfc"),
+      "\u3042",
+      "ascii",
+    ].each do |str|
+      assert_equal(str, eval(str.dump), "[ruby-dev:33142]")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_validate_redundant_utf8
+    bits_0x10ffff = "11110100 10001111 10111111 10111111"
+    [
+      "0xxxxxxx",
+      "110XXXXx 10xxxxxx",
+      "1110XXXX 10Xxxxxx 10xxxxxx",
+      "11110XXX 10XXxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx",
+      "111110XX 10XXXxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx",
+      "1111110X 10XXXXxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx",
+      "11111110 10XXXXXx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx",
+      "11111111 10XXXXXX 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx",
+    ].each {|pat0|
+      [
+        pat0.gsub(/x/, '1'),
+        pat0.gsub(/x/, '0')
+      ].each {|pat1|
+        [
+          pat1.sub(/X([^X]*)\z/, '1\1').gsub(/X/, "0"),
+          pat1.gsub(/X/, "1"),
+        ].each {|pat2|
+          s = [pat2.gsub(/ /, "")].pack("B*").force_encoding("utf-8")
+          if pat2 <= bits_0x10ffff
+            assert(s.valid_encoding?, "#{pat2}")
+          else
+            assert(!s.valid_encoding?, "#{pat2}")
+          end
+        }
+        if / / =~ pat0
+          pat3 = pat1.gsub(/X/, "0")
+          s = [pat3.gsub(/ /, "")].pack("B*").force_encoding("utf-8")
+          assert(!s.valid_encoding?, "#{pat3}")
+        end
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_validate_surrogate
+    #  1110XXXX 10Xxxxxx 10xxxxxx : 3 bytes UTF-8
+    pats = [
+      "11101101 10011111 10111111", # just before surrogate high
+      "11101101 1010xxxx 10xxxxxx", # surrogate high
+      "11101101 1011xxxx 10xxxxxx", # surrogate low
+      "11101110 10000000 10000000", # just after surrogate low
+    ]
+    pats.values_at(1,2).each {|pat0|
+      [
+        pat0.gsub(/x/, '0'),
+        pat0.gsub(/x/, '1'),
+      ].each {|pat1|
+        s = [pat1.gsub(/ /, "")].pack("B*").force_encoding("utf-8")
+        assert(!s.valid_encoding?, "#{pat1}")
+      }
+    }
+    pats.values_at(0,3).each {|pat|
+      s = [pat.gsub(/ /, "")].pack("B*").force_encoding("utf-8")
+      assert(s.valid_encoding?, "#{pat}")
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_too_short_multibyte_character
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xfe/e') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\x8e/e') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\x8f/e') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\x8f\xa1/e') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xef/s') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xc2/u') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xe0\x80/u') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xf0\x80\x80/u') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xf8\x80\x80\x80/u') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xfc\x80\x80\x80\x80/u') }
+
+    # raw 8bit
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval("/\xfe/e") }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval("/\xc2/u") }
+
+    # invalid suffix
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xc2\xff/u') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xc2 /u') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xc2\x20/u') }
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_generic
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(/a/)
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.new(a("a")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.new(e("a")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.new(s("a")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.new(u("a")))
+
+    [/a/, Regexp.new(a("a"))].each {|r|
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ a("a"))
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ e("a"))
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ s("a"))
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ u("a"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ a("\xc2\xa1"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ e("\xc2\xa1"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ s("\xc2\xa1"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ u("\xc2\xa1"))
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_ascii_none
+    r = /a/n
+
+    assert_warning(%r{regexp match /.../n against to}) {
+      assert_regexp_generic_ascii(r)
+    }
+
+    assert_equal(0, r =~ a("a"))
+    assert_equal(0, r =~ e("a"))
+    assert_equal(0, r =~ s("a"))
+    assert_equal(0, r =~ u("a"))
+    assert_equal(nil, r =~ a("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_warning(%r{regexp match /.../n against to EUC-JP string}) {
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ e("\xc2\xa1"))
+    }
+    assert_warning(%r{regexp match /.../n against to Windows-31J string}) {
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ s("\xc2\xa1"))
+    }
+    assert_warning(%r{regexp match /.../n against to UTF-8 string}) {
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ u("\xc2\xa1"))
+    }
+
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(e("/\\x80/n")) }
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_ascii
+    assert_regexp_fixed_ascii8bit(/\xc2\xa1/n)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_ascii8bit(eval(a(%{/\xc2\xa1/})))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_ascii8bit(eval(a(%{/\xc2\xa1/n})))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_ascii8bit(eval(a(%q{/\xc2\xa1/})))
+
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval("/\xa1\xa1/n".force_encoding("euc-jp")) }
+
+    [/\xc2\xa1/n, eval(a(%{/\xc2\xa1/})), eval(a(%{/\xc2\xa1/n}))].each {|r|
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ a("a"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ e("a"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ s("a"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ u("a"))
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ a("\xc2\xa1"))
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ e("\xc2\xa1") }
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ s("\xc2\xa1") }
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ u("\xc2\xa1") }
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_euc
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(/a/e)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(/\xc2\xa1/e)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(eval(e(%{/\xc2\xa1/})))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(eval(e(%q{/\xc2\xa1/})))
+
+    [/a/e].each {|r|
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ a("a"))
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ e("a"))
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ s("a"))
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ u("a"))
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ a("\xc2\xa1") }
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ e("\xc2\xa1"))
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ s("\xc2\xa1") }
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ u("\xc2\xa1") }
+    }
+
+    [/\xc2\xa1/e, eval(e(%{/\xc2\xa1/})), eval(e(%q{/\xc2\xa1/}))].each {|r|
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ a("a"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ e("a"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ s("a"))
+      assert_equal(nil, r =~ u("a"))
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ a("\xc2\xa1") }
+      assert_equal(0, r =~ e("\xc2\xa1"))
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ s("\xc2\xa1") }
+      assert_raise(ArgumentError) { r =~ u("\xc2\xa1") }
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_sjis
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(/a/s)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(/\xc2\xa1/s)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(eval(s(%{/\xc2\xa1/})))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(eval(s(%q{/\xc2\xa1/})))
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_windows_31j
+    begin
+      Regexp.new("\xa1".force_encoding("windows-31j")) =~ "\xa1\xa1".force_encoding("euc-jp")
+    rescue ArgumentError
+      err = $!
+    end
+    assert_match(/windows-31j/i, err.message)
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_embed
+    r = eval(e("/\xc2\xa1/"))
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { eval(s("/\xc2\xa1\#{r}/s")) }
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { eval(s("/\#{r}\xc2\xa1/s")) }
+
+    r = /\xc2\xa1/e
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { eval(s("/\xc2\xa1\#{r}/s")) }
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { eval(s("/\#{r}\xc2\xa1/s")) }
+
+    r = eval(e("/\xc2\xa1/"))
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { /\xc2\xa1#{r}/s }
+
+    r = /\xc2\xa1/e
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { /\xc2\xa1#{r}/s }
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('foo'.force_encoding("ascii-8bit"))
+    r2 = eval('/bar#{r1}/'.force_encoding('ascii-8bit'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, r2.encoding)
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('foo'.force_encoding("us-ascii"))
+    r2 = eval('/bar#{r1}/'.force_encoding('ascii-8bit'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, r2.encoding)
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('foo'.force_encoding("ascii-8bit"))
+    r2 = eval('/bar#{r1}/'.force_encoding('us-ascii'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, r2.encoding)
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('foo'.force_encoding("us-ascii"))
+    r2 = eval('/bar#{r1}/'.force_encoding('us-ascii'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, r2.encoding)
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('\xa1'.force_encoding("ascii-8bit"))
+    r2 = eval('/bar#{r1}/'.force_encoding('ascii-8bit'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, r2.encoding)
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('\xa1'.force_encoding("ascii-8bit"))
+    r2 = eval('/bar#{r1}/'.force_encoding('us-ascii'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, r2.encoding)
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('foo'.force_encoding("ascii-8bit"))
+    r2 = eval('/\xa1#{r1}/'.force_encoding('ascii-8bit'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, r2.encoding)
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('foo'.force_encoding("us-ascii"))
+    r2 = eval('/\xa1#{r1}/'.force_encoding('ascii-8bit'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, r2.encoding)
+
+    r1 = Regexp.new('\xa1'.force_encoding("ascii-8bit"))
+    r2 = eval('/\xa1#{r1}/'.force_encoding('ascii-8bit'))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, r2.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_named_class
+    assert_match(/[[:space:]]/u, "\u{00a0}")
+    assert_match(/[[:space:]]/, "\u{00a0}")
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_property
+    s = '\p{Hiragana}'.force_encoding("euc-jp")
+    assert_equal(Encoding::EUC_JP, s.encoding)
+    r = nil
+    assert_nothing_raised {
+      r = Regexp.new(s)
+    }
+    assert(r.fixed_encoding?)
+    assert_match(r, "\xa4\xa2".force_encoding("euc-jp"))
+
+    r = eval('/\p{Hiragana}/'.force_encoding("euc-jp"))
+    assert(r.fixed_encoding?)
+    assert_match(r, "\xa4\xa2".force_encoding("euc-jp"))
+
+    r = /\p{Hiragana}/e
+    assert(r.fixed_encoding?)
+    assert_match(r, "\xa4\xa2".force_encoding("euc-jp"))
+
+    r = eval('/\u{3042}\p{Hiragana}/'.force_encoding("euc-jp"))
+    assert(r.fixed_encoding?)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::UTF_8, r.encoding)
+
+    r = eval('/\p{Hiragana}\u{3042}/'.force_encoding("euc-jp"))
+    assert(r.fixed_encoding?)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::UTF_8, r.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_embed_preprocess
+    r1 = /\xa4\xa2/e
+    r2 = /#{r1}/
+    assert(r2.source.include?(r1.source))
+  end
+
+  def test_begin_end_offset
+    str = e("\244\242\244\244\244\246\244\250\244\252a")
+    assert(/(a)/ =~ str)
+    assert_equal("a", $&)
+    assert_equal(5, $~.begin(0))
+    assert_equal(6, $~.end(0))
+    assert_equal([5,6], $~.offset(0))
+    assert_equal(5, $~.begin(1))
+    assert_equal(6, $~.end(1))
+    assert_equal([5,6], $~.offset(1))
+  end
+
+  def test_begin_end_offset_sjis
+    str = s("\x81@@")
+    assert(/@/ =~ str)
+    assert_equal(s("\x81@"), $`)
+    assert_equal("@", $&)
+    assert_equal("", $')
+    assert_equal([1,2], $~.offset(0))
+  end
+
+  def test_quote
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(/#{Regexp.quote(a("a"))}#{Regexp.quote(e("e"))}/)
+
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", Regexp.quote(a("")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", Regexp.quote(e("")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", Regexp.quote(s("")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", Regexp.quote(u("")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", Regexp.quote(a("a")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", Regexp.quote(e("a")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", Regexp.quote(s("a")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("US-ASCII", Regexp.quote(u("a")).encoding)
+
+    assert_encoding("ASCII-8BIT", Regexp.quote(a("\xc2\xa1")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("EUC-JP",     Regexp.quote(e("\xc2\xa1")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("Windows-31J",  Regexp.quote(s("\xc2\xa1")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("UTF-8",      Regexp.quote(u("\xc2\xa1")).encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_union_0
+    r = Regexp.union
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(r)
+    assert(r !~ a(""))
+    assert(r !~ e(""))
+    assert(r !~ s(""))
+    assert(r !~ u(""))
+  end
+
+  def test_union_1_asciionly_string
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(a("")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(e("")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(s("")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(u("")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(a("a")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(e("a")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(s("a")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(u("a")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(a("\t")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(e("\t")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(s("\t")))
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(u("\t")))
+  end
+
+  def test_union_1_nonascii_string
+    assert_regexp_fixed_ascii8bit(Regexp.union(a("\xc2\xa1")))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(Regexp.union(e("\xc2\xa1")))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(Regexp.union(s("\xc2\xa1")))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_utf8(Regexp.union(u("\xc2\xa1")))
+  end
+
+  def test_union_1_regexp
+    assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(//))
+    assert_warning(%r{regexp match /.../n against to}) {
+      assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(//n))
+    }
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(Regexp.union(//e))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(Regexp.union(//s))
+    assert_regexp_fixed_utf8(Regexp.union(//u))
+  end
+
+  def test_union_2
+    ary = [
+      a(""), e(""), s(""), u(""),
+      a("\xc2\xa1"), e("\xc2\xa1"), s("\xc2\xa1"), u("\xc2\xa1")
+    ]
+    ary.each {|s1|
+      ary.each {|s2|
+        if s1.empty?
+          if s2.empty?
+            assert_regexp_generic_ascii(Regexp.union(s1, s2))
+          else
+            r = Regexp.union(s1, s2)
+            assert_regexp_fixed_encoding(r)
+            assert_equal(s2.encoding, r.encoding)
+          end
+        else
+          if s2.empty?
+            r = Regexp.union(s1, s2)
+            assert_regexp_fixed_encoding(r)
+            assert_equal(s1.encoding, r.encoding)
+          else
+            if s1.encoding == s2.encoding
+              r = Regexp.union(s1, s2)
+              assert_regexp_fixed_encoding(r)
+              assert_equal(s1.encoding, r.encoding)
+            else
+              assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Regexp.union(s1, s2) }
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_dynamic_ascii_regexp
+    assert_warning(%r{regexp match /.../n against to}) {
+      assert_regexp_generic_ascii(/#{}/n)
+    }
+    assert_regexp_fixed_ascii8bit(/#{}\xc2\xa1/n)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_ascii8bit(/\xc2\xa1#{}/n)
+    assert_nothing_raised { s1, s2 = a('\xc2'), a('\xa1'); /#{s1}#{s2}/ }
+  end
+
+  def test_dynamic_eucjp_regexp
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(/#{}/e)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(/#{}\xc2\xa1/e)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_eucjp(/\xc2\xa1#{}/e)
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xc2#{}/e') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/#{}\xc2/e') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xc2#{}\xa1/e') }
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { s1, s2 = e('\xc2'), e('\xa1'); /#{s1}#{s2}/ }
+  end
+
+  def test_dynamic_sjis_regexp
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(/#{}/s)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(/#{}\xc2\xa1/s)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_sjis(/\xc2\xa1#{}/s)
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\x81#{}/s') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/#{}\x81/s') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\x81#{}\xa1/s') }
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { s1, s2 = s('\x81'), s('\xa1'); /#{s1}#{s2}/ }
+  end
+
+  def test_dynamic_utf8_regexp
+    assert_regexp_fixed_utf8(/#{}/u)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_utf8(/#{}\xc2\xa1/u)
+    assert_regexp_fixed_utf8(/\xc2\xa1#{}/u)
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xc2#{}/u') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/#{}\xc2/u') }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval('/\xc2#{}\xa1/u') }
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { s1, s2 = u('\xc2'), u('\xa1'); /#{s1}#{s2}/ }
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_unicode
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval '/\u{0}/u' }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval '/\u{D7FF}/u' }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval '/\u{D800}/u' }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval '/\u{DFFF}/u' }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval '/\u{E000}/u' }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval '/\u{10FFFF}/u' }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval '/\u{110000}/u' }
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_mixed_unicode
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{/\xc2\xa1\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{/\xc2\xa1\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{/\xc2\xa1\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{/\xc2\xa1\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{/\\u{6666}\xc2\xa1/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{/\\u{6666}\xc2\xa1/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{/\\u{6666}\xc2\xa1/})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{/\\u{6666}\xc2\xa1/})) }
+
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{/\\xc2\\xa1\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{/\\xc2\\xa1\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{/\\xc2\\xa1\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{/\\xc2\\xa1\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{/\\u{6666}\\xc2\\xa1/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{/\\u{6666}\\xc2\\xa1/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{/\\u{6666}\\xc2\\xa1/})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{/\\u{6666}\\xc2\\xa1/})) }
+
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{/\xc2\xa1#{}\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{/\xc2\xa1#{}\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{/\xc2\xa1#{}\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{/\xc2\xa1#{}\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{/\\u{6666}#{}\xc2\xa1/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{/\\u{6666}#{}\xc2\xa1/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{/\\u{6666}#{}\xc2\xa1/})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{/\\u{6666}#{}\xc2\xa1/})) }
+
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{/\\xc2\\xa1#{}\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{/\\xc2\\xa1#{}\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{/\\xc2\\xa1#{}\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{/\\xc2\\xa1#{}\\u{6666}/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(a(%{/\\u{6666}#{}\\xc2\\xa1/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(e(%{/\\u{6666}#{}\\xc2\\xa1/})) }
+    assert_raise(SyntaxError) { eval(s(%{/\\u{6666}#{}\\xc2\\xa1/})) }
+    assert_nothing_raised { eval(u(%{/\\u{6666}#{}\\xc2\\xa1/})) }
+  end
+
+  def test_str_allocate
+    s = String.allocate
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_str_String
+    s = String(10)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_sprintf_c
+    assert_strenc("\x80", 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%c") % 128)
+    #assert_raise(ArgumentError) { a("%c") % 0xc2a1 }
+    assert_strenc("\xc2\xa1", 'EUC-JP', e("%c") % 0xc2a1)
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { e("%c") % 0xc2 }
+    assert_strenc("\xc2", 'Windows-31J', s("%c") % 0xc2)
+    #assert_raise(ArgumentError) { s("%c") % 0xc2a1 }
+    assert_strenc("\u{c2a1}", 'UTF-8', u("%c") % 0xc2a1)
+    assert_strenc("\u{c2}", 'UTF-8', u("%c") % 0xc2)
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError) {
+      "%s%s" % [s("\xc2\xa1"), e("\xc2\xa1")]
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_sprintf_p
+    assert_strenc('""', 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%p") % a(""))
+    assert_strenc('""', 'EUC-JP', e("%p") % e(""))
+    assert_strenc('""', 'Windows-31J', s("%p") % s(""))
+    assert_strenc('""', 'UTF-8', u("%p") % u(""))
+
+    assert_strenc('"a"', 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%p") % a("a"))
+    assert_strenc('"a"', 'EUC-JP', e("%p") % e("a"))
+    assert_strenc('"a"', 'Windows-31J', s("%p") % s("a"))
+    assert_strenc('"a"', 'UTF-8', u("%p") % u("a"))
+
+    assert_strenc('"\xC2\xA1"', 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%p") % a("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_strenc("\"\xC2\xA1\"", 'EUC-JP', e("%p") % e("\xc2\xa1"))
+    #assert_strenc("\"\xC2\xA1\"", 'Windows-31J', s("%p") % s("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_strenc("\"\xC2\xA1\"", 'UTF-8', u("%p") % u("\xc2\xa1"))
+
+    assert_strenc('"\xC2\xA1"', 'US-ASCII', "%10p" % a("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_strenc("       \"\xC2\xA1\"", 'EUC-JP', "%10p" % e("\xc2\xa1"))
+    #assert_strenc("       \"\xC2\xA1\"", 'Windows-31J', "%10p" % s("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_strenc("       \"\xC2\xA1\"", 'UTF-8', "%10p" % u("\xc2\xa1"))
+
+    assert_strenc('"\x00"', 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%p") % a("\x00"))
+    assert_strenc('"\x00"', 'EUC-JP', e("%p") % e("\x00"))
+    assert_strenc('"\x00"', 'Windows-31J', s("%p") % s("\x00"))
+    assert_strenc('"\x00"', 'UTF-8', u("%p") % u("\x00"))
+  end
+
+  def test_sprintf_s
+    assert_strenc('', 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%s") % a(""))
+    assert_strenc('', 'EUC-JP', e("%s") % e(""))
+    assert_strenc('', 'Windows-31J', s("%s") % s(""))
+    assert_strenc('', 'UTF-8', u("%s") % u(""))
+
+    assert_strenc('a', 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%s") % a("a"))
+    assert_strenc('a', 'EUC-JP', e("%s") % e("a"))
+    assert_strenc('a', 'Windows-31J', s("%s") % s("a"))
+    assert_strenc('a', 'UTF-8', u("%s") % u("a"))
+
+    assert_strenc("\xC2\xA1", 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%s") % a("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_strenc("\xC2\xA1", 'EUC-JP', e("%s") % e("\xc2\xa1"))
+    #assert_strenc("\xC2\xA1", 'Windows-31J', s("%s") % s("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_strenc("\xC2\xA1", 'UTF-8', u("%s") % u("\xc2\xa1"))
+
+    assert_strenc("        \xC2\xA1", 'ASCII-8BIT', "%10s" % a("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_strenc("         \xA1\xA1", 'EUC-JP', "%10s" % e("\xa1\xa1"))
+    #assert_strenc("         \xC2\xA1", 'Windows-31J', "%10s" % s("\xc2\xa1"))
+    assert_strenc("         \xC2\xA1", 'UTF-8', "%10s" % u("\xc2\xa1"))
+
+    assert_strenc("\x00", 'ASCII-8BIT', a("%s") % a("\x00"))
+    assert_strenc("\x00", 'EUC-JP', e("%s") % e("\x00"))
+    assert_strenc("\x00", 'Windows-31J', s("%s") % s("\x00"))
+    assert_strenc("\x00", 'UTF-8', u("%s") % u("\x00"))
+    assert_equal("EUC-JP", (e("\xc2\xa1 %s") % "foo").encoding.name)
+  end
+
+  def test_str_lt
+    assert(a("a") < a("\xa1"))
+    assert(a("a") < s("\xa1"))
+    assert(s("a") < a("\xa1"))
+  end
+
+  def test_str_multiply
+    str = "\u3042"
+    assert_equal(true,  (str * 0).ascii_only?, "[ruby-dev:33895]")
+    assert_equal(false, (str * 1).ascii_only?)
+    assert_equal(false, (str * 2).ascii_only?)
+  end
+
+  def test_str_aref
+    assert_equal(a("\xc2"), a("\xc2\xa1")[0])
+    assert_equal(a("\xa1"), a("\xc2\xa1")[1])
+    assert_equal(nil,       a("\xc2\xa1")[2])
+    assert_equal(e("\xc2\xa1"), e("\xc2\xa1")[0])
+    assert_equal(nil,           e("\xc2\xa1")[1])
+    assert_equal(s("\xc2"), s("\xc2\xa1")[0])
+    assert_equal(s("\xa1"), s("\xc2\xa1")[1])
+    assert_equal(nil,       s("\xc2\xa1")[2])
+    assert_equal(u("\xc2\xa1"), u("\xc2\xa1")[0])
+    assert_equal(nil,           u("\xc2\xa1")[1])
+
+    str = "\u3042"
+    assert_equal(true,  str[0, 0].ascii_only?, "[ruby-dev:33895]")
+    assert_equal(false, str[0, 1].ascii_only?)
+    assert_equal(false, str[0..-1].ascii_only?)
+  end
+
+  def test_utf8str_aref
+    s = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\u{3042 3044 3046 3048 304A}"
+    assert_equal("a", s[0])
+    assert_equal("h", s[7])
+    assert_equal("i", s[8])
+    assert_equal("j", s[9])
+    assert_equal("\u{3044}", s[27])
+    assert_equal("\u{3046}", s[28])
+    assert_equal("\u{3048}", s[29])
+    s = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvw\u{3042 3044 3046 3048 304A}"
+    assert_equal("\u{3044}", s[24])
+  end
+
+  def test_str_aref_len
+    assert_equal(a("\xa1"), a("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[1, 1])
+    assert_equal(a("\xa1\xc2"), a("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[1, 2])
+
+    assert_equal(e("\xc2\xa2"), e("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[1, 1])
+    assert_equal(e("\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3"), e("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[1, 2])
+
+    assert_equal(s("\xa1"), s("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[1, 1])
+    assert_equal(s("\xa1\xc2"), s("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[1, 2])
+
+    assert_equal(u("\xc2\xa2"), u("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[1, 1])
+    assert_equal(u("\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3"), u("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[1, 2])
+  end
+
+  def test_str_aref_substr
+    assert_equal(a("\xa1\xc2"), a("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[a("\xa1\xc2")])
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError) { a("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[e("\xa1\xc2")] }
+
+    assert_equal(nil, e("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[e("\xa1\xc2")])
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError) { e("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[s("\xa1\xc2")] }
+
+    assert_equal(s("\xa1\xc2"), s("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[s("\xa1\xc2")])
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError) { s("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[u("\xa1\xc2")] }
+
+    assert_equal(nil, u("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[u("\xa1\xc2")])
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError) { u("\xc2\xa1\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa3")[a("\xa1\xc2")] }
+    assert_nil(e("\xa1\xa2\xa3\xa4")[e("\xa2\xa3")])
+  end
+
+  def test_aset
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError){s["\xb0\xa3"] = "foo"}
+  end
+
+  def test_str_center
+    assert_encoding("EUC-JP", "a".center(5, e("\xa1\xa2")).encoding)
+    assert_encoding("EUC-JP", e("\xa3\xb0").center(10).encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_squeeze
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_equal(e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4"), s.squeeze)
+  end
+
+  def test_tr
+    s = s("\x81\x41")
+    assert_equal(s.tr("A", "B"), s)
+    assert_equal(s.tr_s("A", "B"), s)
+
+    assert_nothing_raised {
+      "a".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT").tr(a("a"), a("a"))
+    }
+
+    assert_equal(e("\xA1\xA1"), a("a").tr(a("a"), e("\xA1\xA1")))
+
+    assert_equal("X\u3042\u3044X", "A\u3042\u3044\u3046".tr("^\u3042\u3044", "X"))
+    assert_equal("\u3042\u3046" * 100, ("\u3042\u3044" * 100).tr("\u3044", "\u3046"))
+  end
+
+  def test_tr_s
+    assert_equal("\xA1\xA1".force_encoding("EUC-JP"),
+      "a".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT").tr("a".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT"), "\xA1\xA1".force_encoding("EUC-JP")))
+  end
+
+  def test_count
+    assert_equal(0, e("\xa1\xa2").count("z"))
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError){s.count(a("\xa3\xb0"))}
+  end
+
+  def test_delete
+    assert_equal(1, e("\xa1\xa2").delete("z").length)
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError){s.delete(a("\xa3\xb2"))}
+
+    a = "\u3042\u3044\u3046\u3042\u3044\u3046"
+    a.delete!("\u3042\u3044", "^\u3044")
+    assert_equal("\u3044\u3046\u3044\u3046", a)
+  end
+
+  def test_include?
+    assert_equal(false, e("\xa1\xa2\xa3\xa4").include?(e("\xa3")))
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_equal(false, s.include?(e("\xb0\xa3")))
+  end
+
+  def test_index
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_nil(s.index(e("\xb3\xa3")))
+    assert_nil(e("\xa1\xa2\xa3\xa4").index(e("\xa3")))
+    assert_nil(e("\xa1\xa2\xa3\xa4").rindex(e("\xa3")))
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError){s.rindex(a("\xb1\xa3"))}
+  end
+
+  def test_next
+    s1 = e("\xa1\xa1")
+    s2 = s1.dup
+    (94*94+94).times { s2.next! }
+    assert_not_equal(s1, s2)
+  end
+
+  def test_sub
+    s = "abc".sub(/b/, "\xa1\xa1".force_encoding("euc-jp"))
+    assert_encoding("EUC-JP", s.encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::EUC_JP, "\xa4\xa2".force_encoding("euc-jp").sub(/./, '\&').encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::EUC_JP, "\xa4\xa2".force_encoding("euc-jp").gsub(/./, '\&').encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_insert
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_equal(e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4a"), s.insert(-1, "a"))
+  end
+
+  def test_scan
+    assert_equal(["a"], e("\xa1\xa2a\xa3\xa4").scan(/a/))
+  end
+
+  def test_dup_scan
+    s1 = e("\xa4\xa2")*100
+    s2 = s1.dup.force_encoding("ascii-8bit")
+    s2.scan(/\A./n) {|f|
+      assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, f.encoding)
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_dup_aref
+    s1 = e("\xa4\xa2")*100
+    s2 = s1.dup.force_encoding("ascii-8bit")
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, s2[10..-1].encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_upto
+    s1 = e("\xa1\xa2")
+    s2 = s("\xa1\xa2")
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError){s1.upto(s2) {|x| break }}
+  end
+
+  def test_casecmp
+    s1 = s("\x81\x41")
+    s2 = s("\x81\x61")
+    assert_not_equal(0, s1.casecmp(s2))
+  end
+
+  def test_reverse
+    assert_equal(u("\xf0jihgfedcba"), u("abcdefghij\xf0").reverse)
+  end
+
+  def test_reverse_bang
+    s = u("abcdefghij\xf0")
+    s.reverse!
+    assert_equal(u("\xf0jihgfedcba"), s)
+  end
+
+  def test_plus
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError){u("\xe3\x81\x82") + a("\xa1")}
+  end
+
+  def test_chomp
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError){s.chomp(s("\xa3\xb4"))}
+  end
+
+  def test_gsub
+    s = 'abc'
+    s.ascii_only?
+    s.gsub!(/b/, "\x80")
+    assert_equal(false, s.ascii_only?, "[ruby-core:14566] reported by Sam Ruby")
+
+    s = "abc".force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+    t = s.gsub(/b/, "\xa1\xa1".force_encoding("euc-jp"))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, s.encoding)
+
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError) {
+      "abc".gsub(/[ac]/) {
+         $& == "a" ? "\xc2\xa1".force_encoding("euc-jp") :
+                     "\xc2\xa1".force_encoding("utf-8")
+      }
+    }
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_equal(e("\xa3\xb0z\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4"), s.gsub(/\xa3\xb1/e, "z"))
+
+    assert_equal(Encoding::EUC_JP, (a("").gsub(//) { e("") }.encoding))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::EUC_JP, (a("a").gsub(/a/) { e("") }.encoding))
+  end
+
+  def test_end_with
+    s1 = s("\x81\x40")
+    s2 = "@"
+    assert_equal(false, s1.end_with?(s2), "#{encdump s1}.end_with?(#{encdump s2})")
+  end
+
+  def test_each_line
+    s = e("\xa3\xb0\xa3\xb1\xa3\xb2\xa3\xb3\xa3\xb4")
+    assert_raise(EncodingCompatibilityError){s.each_line(a("\xa3\xb1")) {|l| }}
+    s = e("\xa4\xa2\nfoo")
+
+    actual = []
+    s.each_line {|line| actual << line }
+    expected = [e("\xa4\xa2\n"), e("foo")]
+    assert_equal(expected, actual)
+  end
+
+  def test_each_char
+    a = [e("\xa4\xa2"), "b", e("\xa4\xa4"), "c"]
+    s = "\xa4\xa2b\xa4\xa4c".force_encoding("euc-jp")
+    assert_equal(a, s.each_char.to_a, "[ruby-dev:33211] #{encdump s}.each_char.to_a")
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_match
+    assert_equal([0,0], //.match("\xa1\xa1".force_encoding("euc-jp"),-1).offset(0))
+    assert_equal(0, // =~ :a)
+  end
+
+  def test_split
+    assert_equal(e("\xa1\xa2\xa1\xa3").split(//),
+                 [e("\xa1\xa2"), e("\xa1\xa3")],
+                 '[ruby-dev:32452]')
+  end
+
+  def test_nonascii_method_name
+     eval(e("def \xc2\xa1() @nonascii_method_name = :e end"))
+     eval(u("def \xc2\xa1() @nonascii_method_name = :u end"))
+     eval(e("\xc2\xa1()"))
+     assert_equal(:e, @nonascii_method_name)
+     eval(u("\xc2\xa1()"))
+     assert_equal(:u, @nonascii_method_name)
+     me = method(e("\xc2\xa1"))
+     mu = method(u("\xc2\xa1"))
+     assert_not_equal(me.name, mu.name)
+     assert_not_equal(me.inspect, mu.inspect)
+     assert_equal(e("\xc2\xa1"), me.name.to_s)
+     assert_equal(u("\xc2\xa1"), mu.name.to_s)
+  end
+
+  def test_symbol
+    s1 = "\xc2\xa1".force_encoding("euc-jp").intern
+    s2 = "\xc2\xa1".force_encoding("utf-8").intern
+    assert_not_equal(s1, s2)
+  end
+
+  def test_symbol_op
+    ops = %w[
+      .. ... + - +(binary) -(binary) * / % ** +@ -@ | ^ & ! <=> > >= < <= ==
+      === != =~ !~ ~ ! [] []= << >> :: `
+    ] #`
+    ops.each do |op|
+      assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, op.intern.encoding, "[ruby-dev:33449]")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_chr
+    0.upto(255) {|b|
+      assert_equal([b].pack("C"), b.chr)
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_marshal
+    s1 = "\xa1\xa1".force_encoding("euc-jp")
+    s2 = Marshal.load(Marshal.dump(s1))
+    assert_equal(s1, s2)
+  end
+
+  def test_env
+    ENV.each {|k, v|
+      assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, k.encoding)
+      assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, v.encoding)
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_empty_string
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, "".encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_nil_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, nil.to_s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_nil_inspect
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, nil.inspect.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_true_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, true.to_s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_false_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, false.to_s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_fixnum_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, 1.to_s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_float_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, 1.0.to_s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_bignum_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, (1<<129).to_s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_array_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, [].to_s.encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, [nil].to_s.encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, [1].to_s.encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, [""].to_s.encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, ["a"].to_s.encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, [nil,1,"","a","\x20",[]].to_s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_hash_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, {}.to_s.encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, {1=>nil,"foo"=>""}.to_s.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_encoding_find
+    assert_raise(TypeError) {Encoding.find(nil)}
+    assert_raise(TypeError) {Encoding.find(0)}
+    assert_raise(TypeError) {Encoding.find([])}
+    assert_raise(TypeError) {Encoding.find({})}
+  end
+
+  def test_encoding_to_s
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, Encoding::US_ASCII.to_s.encoding)
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, Encoding::US_ASCII.inspect.encoding)
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_source
+    s = "\xa4\xa2".force_encoding("euc-jp")
+    r = Regexp.new(s)
+    t = r.source
+    assert_equal(s, t, "[ruby-dev:33377] Regexp.new(#{encdump s}).source")
+  end
+
+  def test_magic_comment
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, eval("__ENCODING__".force_encoding("US-ASCII")))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, eval("__ENCODING__".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, eval("# -*- encoding: US-ASCII -*-\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, eval("# -*- encoding: ASCII-8BIT -*-\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("US-ASCII")))
+  end
+
+  def test_magic_comment_vim
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, eval("# vim: filetype=ruby, fileencoding: US-ASCII, ts=3, sw=3\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, eval("# vim: filetype=ruby, fileencoding: ASCII-8BIT, ts=3, sw=3\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("US-ASCII")))
+  end
+
+  def test_magic_comment_at_various_positions
+    # after shebang
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, eval("#!/usr/bin/ruby\n# -*- encoding: US-ASCII -*-\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, eval("#!/usr/bin/ruby\n# -*- encoding: ASCII-8BIT -*-\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("US-ASCII")))
+    # wrong position
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, eval("\n# -*- encoding: US-ASCII -*-\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, eval("\n# -*- encoding: ASCII-8BIT -*-\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("US-ASCII")))
+
+    # leading expressions
+    assert_equal(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, eval("1+1 # -*- encoding: US-ASCII -*-\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")))
+    assert_equal(Encoding::US_ASCII, eval("1+1 # -*- encoding: ASCII-8BIT -*-\n__ENCODING__".force_encoding("US-ASCII")))
+  end
+
+  def test_regexp_usascii
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('//', Encoding::US_ASCII)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/#{}/', Encoding::US_ASCII)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/#{"a"}/', Encoding::US_ASCII)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/#{%q"\x80"}/', Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/#{"\x80"}/', nil, SyntaxError)
+
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/a/', Encoding::US_ASCII)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/a#{}/', Encoding::US_ASCII)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/a#{"a"}/', Encoding::US_ASCII)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/a#{%q"\x80"}/', Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/a#{"\x80"}/', nil, SyntaxError)
+
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\x80/', Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\x80#{}/', Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\x80#{"a"}/', Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\x80#{%q"\x80"}/', Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\x80#{"\x80"}/', nil, SyntaxError)
+
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\u1234/', Encoding::UTF_8)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\u1234#{}/', Encoding::UTF_8)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\u1234#{"a"}/', Encoding::UTF_8)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\u1234#{%q"\x80"}/', nil, SyntaxError)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\u1234#{"\x80"}/', nil, SyntaxError)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\u1234\x80/', nil, SyntaxError)
+    assert_regexp_usascii_literal('/\u1234#{}\x80/', nil, ArgumentError)
+  end
+
+  def test_gbk
+    assert_equal("", "\x81\x40".force_encoding("GBK").chop)
+  end
+
+  def test_euc_tw
+    assert_equal("a", "a\x8e\xa2\xa1\xa1".force_encoding("euc-tw").chop)
+  end
+
+  def test_valid_encoding
+    s = "\xa1".force_encoding("euc-jp")
+    assert_equal(false, s.valid_encoding?)
+    assert_equal(true, (s+s).valid_encoding?, "[ruby-dev:33826]")
+    assert_equal(true, (s*2).valid_encoding?, "[ruby-dev:33826]")
+    assert_equal(true, ("%s%s" % [s, s]).valid_encoding?)
+    assert_equal(true, (s.dup << s).valid_encoding?)
+    assert_equal(true, "".center(2, s).valid_encoding?)
+
+    s = "\xa1\xa1\x8f".force_encoding("euc-jp")
+    assert_equal(false, s.valid_encoding?)
+    assert_equal(true, s.reverse.valid_encoding?)
+  end
+
+  def test_getbyte
+    assert_equal(0x82, u("\xE3\x81\x82\xE3\x81\x84").getbyte(2))
+    assert_equal(0x82, u("\xE3\x81\x82\xE3\x81\x84").getbyte(-4))
+    assert_nil(u("\xE3\x81\x82\xE3\x81\x84").getbyte(100))
+  end
+
+  def test_setbyte
+    s = u("\xE3\x81\x82\xE3\x81\x84")
+    s.setbyte(2, 0x84)
+    assert_equal(u("\xE3\x81\x84\xE3\x81\x84"), s)
+
+    s = u("\xE3\x81\x82\xE3\x81\x84")
+    assert_raise(IndexError) { s.setbyte(100, 0) }
+
+    s = u("\xE3\x81\x82\xE3\x81\x84")
+    s.setbyte(-4, 0x84)
+    assert_equal(u("\xE3\x81\x84\xE3\x81\x84"), s)
+  end
+
+  def test_compatible
+    assert_equal(nil, Encoding.compatible?("",0), "moved from btest/knownbug")
+  end
+
+  def test_force_encoding
+    assert(("".center(1, "\x80".force_encoding("utf-8")); true),
+           "moved from btest/knownbug, [ruby-dev:33807]")
+  end
+end