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##
# = Manipulates strings like the UNIX Bourne shell
#
# This module manipulates strings according to the word parsing rules
# of the UNIX Bourne shell.
#
# The shellwords() function was originally a port of shellwords.pl,
# but modified to conform to POSIX / SUSv3 (IEEE Std 1003.1-2001).
#
# == Example
#
# argv = Shellwords.split('here are "two words"') # or String#shellsplit
# argv #=> ["here", "are", "two words"]
#
# argv = Shellwords.escape("special's.txt") # or String#shellescape
# system("cat " + argv)
#
# == Authors:
# * Wakou Aoyama
# * Akinori MUSHA <knu@iDaemons.org>
#
# == Contact:
# * Akinori MUSHA <knu@iDaemons.org> (current maintainer)
module Shellwords
# Splits a string into an array of tokens in the same way the UNIX
# Bourne shell does.
#
# argv = Shellwords.split('here are "two words"')
# argv #=> ["here", "are", "two words"]
#
# String#shellsplit is a shorthand for this function.
#
# argv = 'here are "two words"'.shellsplit
# argv #=> ["here", "are", "two words"]
def shellsplit(line)
words = []
field = ''
line.scan(/\G\s*(?>([^\s\\\'\"]+)|'([^\']*)'|"((?:[^\"\\]|\\.)*)"|(\\.?)|(\S))(\s|\z)?/m) do
|word, sq, dq, esc, garbage, sep|
raise ArgumentError, "Unmatched double quote: #{line.inspect}" if garbage
field << (word || sq || (dq || esc).gsub(/\\(.)/, '\\1'))
if sep
words << field
field = ''
end
end
words
end
alias shellwords shellsplit
module_function :shellsplit, :shellwords
class << self
alias split shellsplit
end
# Escapes a string so that it can be safely used in a Bourne shell
# command line. +str+ can be a non-string object that responds to
# +to_s+.
#
# Note that a resulted string should be used unquoted and is not
# intended for use in double quotes nor in single quotes.
#
# open("| grep #{Shellwords.escape(pattern)} file") { |pipe|
# # ...
# }
#
# String#shellescape is a shorthand for this function.
#
# open("| grep #{pattern.shellescape} file") { |pipe|
# # ...
# }
#
# It is caller's responsibility to encode the string in the right
# encoding for the shell environment where this string is used.
# Multibyte characters are treated as multibyte characters, not
# bytes.
def shellescape(str)
str = str.to_s
# An empty argument will be skipped, so return empty quotes.
return "''" if str.empty?
str = str.dup
# Treat multibyte characters as is. It is caller's responsibility
# to encode the string in the right encoding for the shell
# environment.
str.gsub!(/([^A-Za-z0-9_\-.,:\/@\n])/, "\\\\\\1")
# A LF cannot be escaped with a backslash because a backslash + LF
# combo is regarded as line continuation and simply ignored.
str.gsub!(/\n/, "'\n'")
return str
end
module_function :shellescape
class << self
alias escape shellescape
end
# Builds a command line string from an argument list +array+ joining
# all elements escaped for Bourne shell into a single string with
# fields separated by a space, where each element is stringified
# using +to_s+.
#
# open('|' + Shellwords.join(['grep', pattern, *files])) { |pipe|
# # ...
# }
#
# Array#shelljoin is a shorthand for this function.
#
# open('|' + ['grep', pattern, *files].shelljoin) { |pipe|
# # ...
# }
#
# It is allowed to mix non-string objects in the elements as allowed
# in Array#join.
#
# output = `#{['ps', '-p', $$].shelljoin}`
#
def shelljoin(array)
array.map { |arg| shellescape(arg) }.join(' ')
end
module_function :shelljoin
class << self
alias join shelljoin
end
end
class String
# call-seq:
# str.shellsplit => array
#
# Splits +str+ into an array of tokens in the same way the UNIX
# Bourne shell does. See Shellwords::shellsplit for details.
def shellsplit
Shellwords.split(self)
end
# call-seq:
# str.shellescape => string
#
# Escapes +str+ so that it can be safely used in a Bourne shell
# command line. See Shellwords::shellescape for details.
def shellescape
Shellwords.escape(self)
end
end
class Array
# call-seq:
# array.shelljoin => string
#
# Builds a command line string from an argument list +array+ joining
# all elements escaped for Bourne shell and separated by a space.
# See Shellwords::shelljoin for details.
def shelljoin
Shellwords.join(self)
end
end
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