#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/ #define RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H /** * @file * @author Ruby developers * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby. * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details. * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere * anytime at will. * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++. * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available. * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98. * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_cObject. */ #include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h" #include "ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h" #include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h" #include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h" #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h" #include "ruby/internal/value.h" RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN() /** * This macro is (used but) mysterious. Why on earth do we need this? * * - `obj != orig` check is done anyways inside of rb_obj_init_copy(). * - rb_obj_init_copy() returns something. No need are there to add `, 1`. */ #define RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) \ ((obj) != (orig) && (rb_obj_init_copy((obj), (orig)), 1)) /** @old{RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY} */ #define OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) RB_OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig) /* object.c */ /** * Identical to rb_class_new_instance(), except it passes the passed keywords * if any to the `#initialize` method. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects of `argv`. * @param[in] argv Arbitrary number of method arguments. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cClass. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass`'s allocator is undefined. * @exception rb_eException Any exceptions can happen inside. * @return An allocated new instance of `klass`. * @note This is _the_ implementation of `Object.new`. */ VALUE rb_class_new_instance_pass_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass); /** * Allocates, then initialises an instance of the given class. It first calls * the passed class' allocator to obtain an uninitialised object, then calls * its initialiser with the remaining arguments. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects of `argv`. * @param[in] argv Arguments passed to `#initialize`. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cClass. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass`'s allocator is undefined. * @exception rb_eException Any exceptions can happen inside. * @return An allocated new instance of `klass`. */ VALUE rb_class_new_instance(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass); /** * Identical to rb_class_new_instance(), except you can specify how to handle * the last element of the given array. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects of `argv`. * @param[in] argv Arbitrary number of method arguments. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cClass. * @param[in] kw_splat Handling of keyword parameters: * - RB_NO_KEYWORDS `argv`'s last is not a keyword argument. * - RB_PASS_KEYWORDS `argv`'s last is a keyword argument. * - RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS it depends if there is a passed block. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass`'s allocator is undefined. * @exception rb_eException Any exceptions can happen inside. * @return An allocated new instance of `klass`. */ VALUE rb_class_new_instance_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass, int kw_splat); /** * Checks for equality of the passed objects, in terms of `Object#eql?`. * * @param[in] lhs Comparison left hand side. * @param[in] rhs Comparison right hand side. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue They are equal. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse Otherwise. * @note This function actually calls `lhs.eql?(rhs)` so you cannot * implement your class' `#eql?` method using it. */ int rb_eql(VALUE lhs, VALUE rhs); /** * Generates a textual representation of the given object. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @return An instance of ::rb_cString that represents `obj`. * @note This is the default implementation of `Object#to_s` that each * subclasses want to override. */ VALUE rb_any_to_s(VALUE obj); /** * Generates a human-readable textual representation of the given object. This * is largely similar to Ruby level `Object#inspect` but not the same; it * additionally escapes the inspection result so that the string be compatible * with that of default internal (or default external, if absent). * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @return An instance of ::rb_cString that represents `obj`. */ VALUE rb_inspect(VALUE obj); /** * Queries if the given object is a direct instance of the given class. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cModule. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass` is neither module nor class. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue `obj` is an instance of `klass`. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse Otherwise. */ VALUE rb_obj_is_instance_of(VALUE obj, VALUE klass); /** * Queries if the given object is an instance (of possibly descendants) of the * given class. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cModule. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass` is neither module nor class. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue `obj` is a `klass`. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse Otherwise. */ VALUE rb_obj_is_kind_of(VALUE obj, VALUE klass); /** * Allocates an instance of the given class. * * @param[in] klass A class to instantiate. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass` is not a class. * @return An allocated, not yet initialised instance of `klass`. * @note It calls the allocator defined by rb_define_alloc_func(). You * cannot use this function to define an allocator. Use * rb_newobj_of(), #TypedData_Make_Struct or others, instead. * @note Usually prefer rb_class_new_instance() to rb_obj_alloc() and * rb_obj_call_init(). * @see rb_class_new_instance() * @see rb_obj_call_init() * @see rb_define_alloc_func() * @see rb_newobj_of() * @see #TypedData_Make_Struct */ VALUE rb_obj_alloc(VALUE klass); /** * Produces a shallow copy of the given object. Its list of instance variables * are copied, but not the objects they reference. It also copies the frozen * value state. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @exception rb_eException `#initialize_copy` can raise anything. * @return A "clone" of `obj`. * * @internal * * Unlike ruby-level `Object#clone`, there is no way to control the frozen-ness * of the return value. */ VALUE rb_obj_clone(VALUE obj); /** * Duplicates the given object. This does almost the same thing as * rb_obj_clone() do. However it does not copy the singleton class (if any). * It also doesn't copy frozen-ness. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @exception rb_eException `#initialize_copy` can raise anything. * @return A shallow copy of `obj`. */ VALUE rb_obj_dup(VALUE obj); /** * Default implementation of `#initialize_copy`, `#initialize_dup` and * `#initialize_clone`. It does almost nothing. Just raises exceptions for * checks. * * @param[in] dst The destination object. * @param[in] src The source object. * @exception rb_eFrozenError `dst` is frozen. * @exception rb_eTypeError `dst` and `src` have different classes. * @return Always returns `dst`. */ VALUE rb_obj_init_copy(VALUE src, VALUE dst); RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /** * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Verbatim `obj`. */ VALUE rb_obj_taint(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /** * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Always returns ::RUBY_Qfalse. */ VALUE rb_obj_tainted(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /** * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Verbatim `obj`. */ VALUE rb_obj_untaint(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("trustedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /** * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Verbatim `obj`. */ VALUE rb_obj_untrust(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("trustedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /** * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Always returns ::RUBY_Qfalse. */ VALUE rb_obj_untrusted(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED_EXT(("trustedness turned out to be a wrong idea.")) /** * @deprecated This function once was a thing in the old days, but makes no * sense any longer today. Exists here for backwards * compatibility only. You can safely forget about it. * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @return Verbatim `obj`. */ VALUE rb_obj_trust(VALUE obj); /** * Just calls rb_obj_freeze_inline() inside. Does this make any sens to * extension libraries? * * @param[out] obj Object to freeze. * @return Verbatim `obj`. */ VALUE rb_obj_freeze(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /** * Just calls RB_OBJ_FROZEN() inside. Does this make any sens to extension * libraries? * * @param[in] obj Object in question. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue Yes it is. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse No it isn't. */ VALUE rb_obj_frozen_p(VALUE obj); /* gc.c */ /** * Finds or creates an integer primary key of the given object. In the old * days this function was a purely arithmetic operation that maps the * underlying memory address where the object resides into a Ruby's integer. * Some time around 2.x this changed. It no longer relates its return values * to C level pointers. This function assigns some random number to the given * object if absent. The same number will be returned on all subsequent * requests. No two active objects share a number. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @return An instance of ::rb_cInteger which is an "identifier" of `obj`. * * @internal * * The "some random number" is in fact a monotonic-increasing process-global * unique integer, much like an `INTEGER AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY` column in * a MySQL table. */ VALUE rb_obj_id(VALUE obj); RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST() /** * Identical to rb_obj_id(), except it hesitates from allocating a new instance * of ::rb_cInteger. rb_obj_id() could allocate ::RUBY_T_BIGNUM objects. That * allocation might perhaps impact negatively. On such situations, this * function instead returns one-shot temporary small integers that need no * allocations at all. The values are guaranteed unique at the moment, but no * future promise is made; could be reused. Use of this API should be very * instant. It is a failure to store the returned integer to somewhere else. * * In short it is difficult to use. * * @param[in] obj Arbitrary ruby object. * @return An instance of ::rb_cInteger unique at the moment. * * @internal * * This is roughly the old behaviour of rb_obj_id(). */ VALUE rb_memory_id(VALUE obj); /* object.c */ RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /** * Finds a "real" class. As the name implies there are class objects that are * surreal. This function takes a class, traverses its ancestry tree, and * returns its nearest ancestor which is neither a module nor a singleton * class. * * @param[in] klass An instance of ::rb_cClass. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse No real class in `klass`' ancestry tree. * @retval klass `klass` itself is a real class. * @retval otherwise Nearest ancestor of `klass` who is real. */ VALUE rb_class_real(VALUE klass); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /** * Determines if the given two modules are relatives. * * @param[in] scion Possible subclass. * @param[in] ascendant Possible superclass. * @exception rb_eTypeError `ascendant` is not a module. * @retval RUBY_Qtrue `scion` inherits, or is equal to `ascendant`. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse `ascendant` inherits `scion`. * @retval RUBY_Qnil They are not relatives. */ VALUE rb_class_inherited_p(VALUE scion, VALUE ascendant); RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE() /** * Queries the parent of the given class. * * @param[in] klass A child class. * @exception rb_eTypeError `klass` is a `Class.allocate`. * @retval RUBY_Qfalse `klass` has no superclass. * @retval otherwise `klass`' superclass. * * @internal * * Is there any class except ::rb_cBasicObject, that has no superclass? */ VALUE rb_class_superclass(VALUE klass); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /** * Converts an object into another type. Calls the specified conversion method * if necessary. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @param[in] type A value of enum ::ruby_value_type. * @param[in] name Name to display on error (e.g. "Array"). * @param[in] mid Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary"). * @exception rb_eTypeError Failed to convert. * @return An object of the specified type. */ VALUE rb_convert_type(VALUE val, int type, const char *name, const char *mid); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /** * Identical to rb_convert_type(), except it returns ::RUBY_Qnil instead of * raising exceptions, in case of conversion failure. It still raises * exceptions for various reasons, like when the conversion method itself * raises, though. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @param[in] type A value of enum ::ruby_value_type. * @param[in] name Name to display on error (e.g. "Array"). * @param[in] mid Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary"). * @exception rb_eTypeError The `mid` does not generate `type`. * @retval RUBY_Qnil No conversion defined. * @retval otherwise An object of the specified type. */ VALUE rb_check_convert_type(VALUE val, int type, const char *name, const char *mid); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /** * Identical to rb_check_convert_type(), except the return value type is fixed * to ::rb_cInteger. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @param[in] mid Conversion method (e.g. "to_ary"). * @exception rb_eTypeError The `mid` does not generate an integer. * @retval RUBY_Qnil No conversion defined. * @retval otherwise An instance of ::rb_cInteger. */ VALUE rb_check_to_integer(VALUE val, const char *mid); /** * This is complicated. * * - When the passed object is already an instance of ::rb_cFloat, just * returns it as-is. * * - When the passed object is something numeric, the function tries to * convert it using `#to_f` method. * * - If that conversion fails (this happens for instance when the numeric * is a complex) it returns ::RUBY_Qnil. * * - Otherwise returns the conversion result. * * - Otherwise it also returns ::RUBY_Qnil. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @retval RUBY_Qnil Conversion from `val` to float is undefined. * @retval otherwise Converted result. */ VALUE rb_check_to_float(VALUE val); /** * Identical to rb_check_to_int(), except it raises in case of conversion * mismatch. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError `#to_int` does not generate an integer. * @return An instance of ::rb_cInteger. */ VALUE rb_to_int(VALUE val); /** * Identical to rb_check_to_integer(), except it uses `#to_int` for conversion. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError `#to_int` does not return an integer. * @retval RUBY_Qnil No conversion defined. * @retval otherwise An instance of ::rb_cInteger. */ VALUE rb_check_to_int(VALUE val); /** * This is the logic behind `Kernel#Integer`. Numeric types are converted * directly, with floating point numbers being truncated. Strings are * interpreted strictly; only leading/trailing whitespaces, plus/minus sign, * radix indicators such as `0x`, digits, and underscores are allowed. * Anything else are converted by first trying `#to_int`, then `#to_i`. * * This is slightly stricter than `String#to_i`. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eArgError Malformed `val` passed. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cInteger. */ VALUE rb_Integer(VALUE val); /** * Identical to rb_check_to_float(), except it raises on error. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cFloat. */ VALUE rb_to_float(VALUE val); /** * This is the logic behind `Kernel#Float`. Numeric types are converted * directly to the nearest value that a Float can represent. Strings are * interpreted strictly; only leading/trailing whitespaces are allowed except * what `strtod` understands. Anything else are converted using `#to_f`. * * This is slightly stricter than `String#to_f`. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eArgError Malformed `val` passed. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cFloat. */ VALUE rb_Float(VALUE val); /** * This is the logic behind `Kernel#String`. Arguments are converted by first * trying `#to_str`, then `#to_s`. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cString. */ VALUE rb_String(VALUE val); /** * This is the logic behind `Kernel#Array`. Arguments are converted by first * trying `#to_ary`, then `#to_a`, and if both failed, returns an array of * length 1 that contains the passed argument as the sole contents. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @return An instance of ::rb_cArray. */ VALUE rb_Array(VALUE val); /** * This is the logic behind `Kernel#Hash`. Arguments are converted by first * trying `#to_hash`. if it failed, and the argument is either ::RUBY_Qnil or * an empty array, returns an empty hash. Otherwise an exception is raised. * * @param[in] val An object to convert. * @exception rb_eTypeError No conversion defined. * @return An instance of ::rb_cHash. */ VALUE rb_Hash(VALUE val); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /** * Converts a textual representation of a real number into a numeric, which is * the nearest value that the return type can represent, of the value that the * argument represents. This is in fact a 2-in-1 function whose behaviour can * be controlled using the second (mode) argument. If the mode is zero, this * function is in "historical" mode which only understands "floating-constant" * defined at ISO/IEC 9899:1990 section 6.1.3.1. If the mode is nonzero, it is * in "extended" mode, which also accepts "hexadecimal-floating-constant" * defined at ISO/IEC 9899:2018 section 6.4.4.2. * * @param[in] str A textual representation of a real number. * @param[in] mode Conversion mode, as described above. * @exception rb_eArgError Malformed `str` passed. * @see https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/2969 * @note Null pointers are allowed, and it returns 0.0 then. */ double rb_cstr_to_dbl(const char *str, int mode); /** * Identical to rb_cstr_to_dbl(), except it accepts a Ruby's string instead of * C's. * * @param[in] str A textual representation of a real number. * @param[in] mode Conversion mode, as described in rb_cstr_to_dbl(). * @exception rb_eArgError Malformed `str` passed. * @see https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/2969 */ double rb_str_to_dbl(VALUE str, int mode); RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END() #endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_OBJECT_H */