<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>ruby.git/yjit/src/backend, branch v3_4_9</title>
<subtitle>The Ruby Programming Language</subtitle>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/'/>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: Fix `mismatched_lifetime_syntaxes`, new in Rust 1.89.0</title>
<updated>2025-08-11T19:21:19+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Alan Wu</name>
<email>XrXr@users.noreply.github.com</email>
</author>
<published>2025-08-11T18:31:52+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=c6614d4cdcf36442c099c0d11a7cd24e530b35f1'/>
<id>c6614d4cdcf36442c099c0d11a7cd24e530b35f1</id>
<content type='text'>
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: Spill/load argument registers to reuse blocks (#12287)</title>
<updated>2024-12-09T18:02:40+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Takashi Kokubun</name>
<email>takashikkbn@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-12-09T18:02:40+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=cff031253f228ed28a00d95935e42c68a85f34ad'/>
<id>cff031253f228ed28a00d95935e42c68a85f34ad</id>
<content type='text'>
* YJIT: Spill/load argument registers to reuse blocks

* Mention the immediate function name

* Explain the context behind spill/load operations</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
* YJIT: Spill/load argument registers to reuse blocks

* Mention the immediate function name

* Explain the context behind spill/load operations</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: Pass method arguments using registers (#11280)</title>
<updated>2024-08-28T00:04:43+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Takashi Kokubun</name>
<email>takashikkbn@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-08-28T00:04:43+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=5b129c899a5cf3bf8253eaaf7fbc8331b1e55f75'/>
<id>5b129c899a5cf3bf8253eaaf7fbc8331b1e55f75</id>
<content type='text'>
* YJIT: Pass method arguments using registers

* s/at_current_insn/at_compile_target/

* Implement register shuffle</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
* YJIT: Pass method arguments using registers

* s/at_current_insn/at_compile_target/

* Implement register shuffle</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: Allow dev_nodebug to disasm release-mode code (#11198)</title>
<updated>2024-07-18T20:01:47+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Takashi Kokubun</name>
<email>takashikkbn@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-07-18T20:01:47+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=2de8b5b8054f311c4cee112dcab5208b66cc62a4'/>
<id>2de8b5b8054f311c4cee112dcab5208b66cc62a4</id>
<content type='text'>
* YJIT: Allow dev_nodebug to disasm release-mode code

* Revert "YJIT: Squash canary before falling back"

This reverts commit f05ad373d84909da7541bd6d6ace38b48eaf24a1.
The stray canary issue should have been solved by
def7023ee4a3fc6eeba9d3a34c31a5bcff315fac, alleviating this codegen
accommodation.

* s/runtime_assertions/runtime_checks/

---------

Co-authored-by: Alan Wu &lt;XrXr@users.noreply.github.com&gt;</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
* YJIT: Allow dev_nodebug to disasm release-mode code

* Revert "YJIT: Squash canary before falling back"

This reverts commit f05ad373d84909da7541bd6d6ace38b48eaf24a1.
The stray canary issue should have been solved by
def7023ee4a3fc6eeba9d3a34c31a5bcff315fac, alleviating this codegen
accommodation.

* s/runtime_assertions/runtime_checks/

---------

Co-authored-by: Alan Wu &lt;XrXr@users.noreply.github.com&gt;</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: Local variable register allocation (#11157)</title>
<updated>2024-07-15T14:56:57+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Takashi Kokubun</name>
<email>takashikkbn@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-07-15T14:56:57+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=ec773e15f472ae2fe655529ea646d8fb2a4f0919'/>
<id>ec773e15f472ae2fe655529ea646d8fb2a4f0919</id>
<content type='text'>
* YJIT: Local variable register allocation

* locals are not stack temps

* Rename RegTemps to RegMappings

* Rename RegMapping to RegOpnd

* Rename local_size to num_locals

* s/stack value/operand/

* Rename spill_temps() to spill_regs()

* Clarify when num_locals becomes None

* Mention that InsnOut uses different registers

* Rename get_reg_mapping to get_reg_opnd

* Resurrect --yjit-temp-regs capability

* Use MAX_CTX_TEMPS and MAX_CTX_LOCALS</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
* YJIT: Local variable register allocation

* locals are not stack temps

* Rename RegTemps to RegMappings

* Rename RegMapping to RegOpnd

* Rename local_size to num_locals

* s/stack value/operand/

* Rename spill_temps() to spill_regs()

* Clarify when num_locals becomes None

* Mention that InsnOut uses different registers

* Rename get_reg_mapping to get_reg_opnd

* Resurrect --yjit-temp-regs capability

* Use MAX_CTX_TEMPS and MAX_CTX_LOCALS</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: `dump-disasm`: Print comments and bytes in release builds</title>
<updated>2024-07-08T20:02:30+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Alan Wu</name>
<email>XrXr@users.noreply.github.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-07-08T20:02:30+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=3be9ce3cf61e8396ecc3eea6169a2fd1a2c2bfea'/>
<id>3be9ce3cf61e8396ecc3eea6169a2fd1a2c2bfea</id>
<content type='text'>
This change implements a fallback mode for the `--yjit-dump-disasm`
development command-line option to make it usable in release builds.
Previously, using the option with release builds of YJIT yielded only
a warning asking the user to build with `--enable-yjit=dev`.

While builds that use the `disasm` feature still give the best output,
just having the comments is useful enough for many kinds of debugging.
Having it usable in release builds is nice for new hackers, too, since
this allows for tinkering without having to learn how to build YJIT in
development mode.

Sample output on A64:

```
  # regenerate_branch
  # Insn: 0001 opt_send_without_block (stack_size: 1)
  # guard known object with singleton class
  0x11f7e0034: 4b 00 00 58 03 00 00 14 08 ce 9c 04 01 00 00
  0x11f7e0043: 00 3f 00 0b eb 81 06 01 54 1f 20 03 d5
  # RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS(ec)
  0x11f7e0050: 8b 02 42 b8 cb 07 01 35
  # stack overflow check
  0x11f7e0058: ab 62 02 91 7f 02 0b eb 69 07 01 54
  # save PC to CFP
  0x11f7e0064: 0b 3b 9a d2 2b 2f a0 f2 0b 00 cc f2 6b 02 00
  0x11f7e0073: f8 ab 82 00 91
```

To ensure this feature doesn't incur too much cost when running without
the `--yjit-dump-disasm` option, I checked that there is no significant
impact to compile time and memory usage with the `compile_time_ns` and
`yjit_alloc_size` entry in `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats`. For each
sample, I ran 3 iterations of the `lobsters` YJIT benchmark. The
statistics summary and done with the `summary` function in R.

Compile time, sample size of 60, lower is better:

```
       Before              After
 Min.   :2.054e+09   Min.   :2.028e+09
 1st Qu.:2.069e+09   1st Qu.:2.044e+09
 Median :2.081e+09   Median :2.060e+09
 Mean   :2.089e+09   Mean   :2.066e+09
 3rd Qu.:2.109e+09   3rd Qu.:2.085e+09
 Max.   :2.146e+09   Max.   :2.144e+09
```

Allocation size, sample size of 20, lower is better:

```
       Before             After
 Min.   :21804742   Min.   :21794082
 1st Qu.:21826682   1st Qu.:21816282
 Median :21844042   Median :21826814
 Mean   :21960664   Mean   :22026291
 3rd Qu.:21861228   3rd Qu.:22040439
 Max.   :22587426   Max.   :22930614
```

The `yjit_alloc_size` samples are noisy, but since the average increased
by only 0.3%, and the median is lower, I feel safe saying that there is
no significant change.</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
This change implements a fallback mode for the `--yjit-dump-disasm`
development command-line option to make it usable in release builds.
Previously, using the option with release builds of YJIT yielded only
a warning asking the user to build with `--enable-yjit=dev`.

While builds that use the `disasm` feature still give the best output,
just having the comments is useful enough for many kinds of debugging.
Having it usable in release builds is nice for new hackers, too, since
this allows for tinkering without having to learn how to build YJIT in
development mode.

Sample output on A64:

```
  # regenerate_branch
  # Insn: 0001 opt_send_without_block (stack_size: 1)
  # guard known object with singleton class
  0x11f7e0034: 4b 00 00 58 03 00 00 14 08 ce 9c 04 01 00 00
  0x11f7e0043: 00 3f 00 0b eb 81 06 01 54 1f 20 03 d5
  # RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS(ec)
  0x11f7e0050: 8b 02 42 b8 cb 07 01 35
  # stack overflow check
  0x11f7e0058: ab 62 02 91 7f 02 0b eb 69 07 01 54
  # save PC to CFP
  0x11f7e0064: 0b 3b 9a d2 2b 2f a0 f2 0b 00 cc f2 6b 02 00
  0x11f7e0073: f8 ab 82 00 91
```

To ensure this feature doesn't incur too much cost when running without
the `--yjit-dump-disasm` option, I checked that there is no significant
impact to compile time and memory usage with the `compile_time_ns` and
`yjit_alloc_size` entry in `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats`. For each
sample, I ran 3 iterations of the `lobsters` YJIT benchmark. The
statistics summary and done with the `summary` function in R.

Compile time, sample size of 60, lower is better:

```
       Before              After
 Min.   :2.054e+09   Min.   :2.028e+09
 1st Qu.:2.069e+09   1st Qu.:2.044e+09
 Median :2.081e+09   Median :2.060e+09
 Mean   :2.089e+09   Mean   :2.066e+09
 3rd Qu.:2.109e+09   3rd Qu.:2.085e+09
 Max.   :2.146e+09   Max.   :2.144e+09
```

Allocation size, sample size of 20, lower is better:

```
       Before             After
 Min.   :21804742   Min.   :21794082
 1st Qu.:21826682   1st Qu.:21816282
 Median :21844042   Median :21826814
 Mean   :21960664   Mean   :22026291
 3rd Qu.:21861228   3rd Qu.:22040439
 Max.   :22587426   Max.   :22930614
```

The `yjit_alloc_size` samples are noisy, but since the average increased
by only 0.3%, and the median is lower, I feel safe saying that there is
no significant change.</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: A64: Use CBZ/CBNZ to check for zero</title>
<updated>2024-04-17T21:48:38+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Alan Wu</name>
<email>XrXr@users.noreply.github.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-04-17T21:48:38+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=8b8130153625d551dddc1e1ff28de67ba3830dac'/>
<id>8b8130153625d551dddc1e1ff28de67ba3830dac</id>
<content type='text'>
* YJIT: A64: Add CBZ and CBNZ encoding functions

* YJIT: A64: Use CBZ/CBNZ to check for zero

Instead of emitting `cmp x0, #0` plus `b.z #target`, A64 offers Compare
and Branch on Zero for us to just do `cbz x0, #target`. This commit
utilizes that and the related CBNZ instruction when appropriate.

We check for zero most commonly in interrupt checks:

```diff
  # Insn: 0003 leave (stack_size: 1)
  # RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS(ec)
  ldur w11, [x20, #0x20]
  -tst w11, w11
  -b.ne #0x109002164
  +cbnz w11, #0x1049021d0
```

* fix copy paste error

Co-authored-by: Randy Stauner &lt;randy@r4s6.net&gt;

---------

Co-authored-by: Randy Stauner &lt;randy@r4s6.net&gt;</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
* YJIT: A64: Add CBZ and CBNZ encoding functions

* YJIT: A64: Use CBZ/CBNZ to check for zero

Instead of emitting `cmp x0, #0` plus `b.z #target`, A64 offers Compare
and Branch on Zero for us to just do `cbz x0, #target`. This commit
utilizes that and the related CBNZ instruction when appropriate.

We check for zero most commonly in interrupt checks:

```diff
  # Insn: 0003 leave (stack_size: 1)
  # RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS(ec)
  ldur w11, [x20, #0x20]
  -tst w11, w11
  -b.ne #0x109002164
  +cbnz w11, #0x1049021d0
```

* fix copy paste error

Co-authored-by: Randy Stauner &lt;randy@r4s6.net&gt;

---------

Co-authored-by: Randy Stauner &lt;randy@r4s6.net&gt;</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: A64: Avoid intermediate register in `opt_and` and friends (#10509)</title>
<updated>2024-04-15T15:59:45+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Alan Wu</name>
<email>XrXr@users.noreply.github.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-04-15T15:59:45+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=2eafed0f3bd33d5a4e6103259e1aba6400e5146e'/>
<id>2eafed0f3bd33d5a4e6103259e1aba6400e5146e</id>
<content type='text'>
Same idea as the x64 equivalent in c2622b52536c5, removing the register
shuffle coming from the pop two, push one stack motion these VM
instructions perform.

```
  # Insn: 0004 opt_or (stack_size: 2)
  - orr x11, x1, x9
  - mov x1, x11
  + orr x1, x1, x9
```</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Same idea as the x64 equivalent in c2622b52536c5, removing the register
shuffle coming from the pop two, push one stack motion these VM
instructions perform.

```
  # Insn: 0004 opt_or (stack_size: 2)
  - orr x11, x1, x9
  - mov x1, x11
  + orr x1, x1, x9
```</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: x64: Remove register shuffle with `opt_and` and friends (#10498)</title>
<updated>2024-04-11T14:37:56+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Alan Wu</name>
<email>XrXr@users.noreply.github.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-04-11T14:37:56+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=c2622b52536c5206a396de589de0961967df6956'/>
<id>c2622b52536c5206a396de589de0961967df6956</id>
<content type='text'>
This is best understood by looking at the change to the output:

```diff
  # Insn: 0002 opt_and (stack_size: 2)
  - mov rax, rsi
  - and rax, rdi
  - mov rsi, rax
  + and rsi, rdi
```

It's a bit awkward to match against due to how stack operands are
lowered, but hey, it's nice to save the 2 unnecessary MOVs.</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
This is best understood by looking at the change to the output:

```diff
  # Insn: 0002 opt_and (stack_size: 2)
  - mov rax, rsi
  - and rax, rdi
  - mov rsi, rax
  + and rsi, rdi
```

It's a bit awkward to match against due to how stack operands are
lowered, but hey, it's nice to save the 2 unnecessary MOVs.</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>YJIT: A64: Use ADDS/SUBS/CMP (immediate) when possible (#10402)</title>
<updated>2024-04-02T16:29:14+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Alan Wu</name>
<email>XrXr@users.noreply.github.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-04-02T16:29:14+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/commit/?id=3c4de946c9a782c3d993cfa9886f09dba46ece1d'/>
<id>3c4de946c9a782c3d993cfa9886f09dba46ece1d</id>
<content type='text'>
* YJIT: A64: Use ADDS/SUBS/CMP (immediate) when possible

We were loading 1 into a register and then doing ADDS/SUBS previously.
That was particularly bad since those come up in fixnum operations.

```diff
   # integer left shift with rhs=1
-  mov x11, #1
-  subs x11, x1, x11
+  subs x11, x1, #1
   lsl x12, x11, #1
   asr x13, x12, #1
   cmp x13, x11
-  b.ne #0x106ab60f8
-  mov x11, #1
-  adds x12, x12, x11
+  b.ne #0x10903a0f8
+  adds x12, x12, #1
   mov x1, x12
```

Note that it's fine to cast between i64 and u64 since the bit pattern is
preserved, and the add/sub themselves don't care about the signedness of
the operands.

CMP is just another mnemonic for SUBS.

* YJIT: A64: Split asm.mul() with immediates properly

There is in fact no MUL on A64 that takes an immediate, so this
instruction was using the wrong split method. No current usages of this
form in YJIT.

---------

Co-authored-by: Maxime Chevalier-Boisvert &lt;maxime.chevalierboisvert@shopify.com&gt;</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
* YJIT: A64: Use ADDS/SUBS/CMP (immediate) when possible

We were loading 1 into a register and then doing ADDS/SUBS previously.
That was particularly bad since those come up in fixnum operations.

```diff
   # integer left shift with rhs=1
-  mov x11, #1
-  subs x11, x1, x11
+  subs x11, x1, #1
   lsl x12, x11, #1
   asr x13, x12, #1
   cmp x13, x11
-  b.ne #0x106ab60f8
-  mov x11, #1
-  adds x12, x12, x11
+  b.ne #0x10903a0f8
+  adds x12, x12, #1
   mov x1, x12
```

Note that it's fine to cast between i64 and u64 since the bit pattern is
preserved, and the add/sub themselves don't care about the signedness of
the operands.

CMP is just another mnemonic for SUBS.

* YJIT: A64: Split asm.mul() with immediates properly

There is in fact no MUL on A64 that takes an immediate, so this
instruction was using the wrong split method. No current usages of this
form in YJIT.

---------

Co-authored-by: Maxime Chevalier-Boisvert &lt;maxime.chevalierboisvert@shopify.com&gt;</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
</feed>
