Use an st table for "too complex" objects

	st tables will maintain insertion order so we can marshal dump / load
	objects with instance variables in the same order they were set on that
	particular instance

	[ruby-core:112926] [Bug #19535]

	Co-Authored-By: Jemma Issroff <jemmaissroff@gmail.com>
	---
	 gc.c                     | 10 ++++------
	 include/ruby/st.h        |  2 ++
	 object.c                 |  2 +-
	 ractor.c                 | 43 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
	 shape.h                  |  6 +++---
	 st.c                     |  6 ++++++
	 test/ruby/test_shapes.rb | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
	 variable.c               | 28 ++++++++++++++--------------
	 vm_insnhelper.c          |  2 +-
	 9 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-)

I noticed this while running test_yjit with --mjit-call-threshold=1, 
which redefines `Integer#<`. When Ruby is monkey-patched, 
MJIT itself could be broken.

Similarly, Ruby scripts could break MJIT in many different ways. I
prepared the same set of hooks as YJIT so that we could possibly
override it and disable it on those moments. Every constant under
RubyVM::MJIT is private and thus it's an unsupported behavior though.

When an object becomes "too complex" (in other words it has too many
variations in the shape tree), we transition it to use a "too complex"
shape and use a hash for storing instance variables.

Without this patch, there were rare cases where shape tree growth could
"explode" and cause performance degradation on what would otherwise have
been cached fast paths.

This patch puts a limit on shape tree growth, and gracefully degrades in
the rare case where there could be a factorial growth in the shape tree.

For example:

```ruby
class NG; end

HUGE_NUMBER.times do
  NG.new.instance_variable_set(:"@unique_ivar_#{_1}", 1)
end
```

We consider objects to be "too complex" when the object's class has more
than SHAPE_MAX_VARIATIONS (currently 8) leaf nodes in the shape tree and
the object introduces a new variation (a new leaf node) associated with
that class.

For example, new variations on instances of the following class would be
considered "too complex" because those instances create more than 8
leaves in the shape tree:

```ruby
class Foo; end
9.times { Foo.new.instance_variable_set(":@uniq_#{_1}", 1) }
```

However, the following class is *not* too complex because it only has
one leaf in the shape tree:

```ruby
class Foo
  def initialize
    @a = @b = @c = @d = @e = @f = @g = @h = @i = nil
  end
end
9.times { Foo.new }
``

This case is rare, so we don't expect this change to impact performance
of most applications, but it needs to be handled.

Co-Authored-By: Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>

The internal location in ractor.rb is not usefull at all.
```
$ ruby -e 'Ractor.new {}'
<internal:ractor>:267: warning: Ractor is experimental, ...
```

Shapes provides us with an (almost) exact count of instance variables.
We only need to check for Qundef when an IV has been "undefined"
Prefer to use ROBJECT_IV_COUNT when iterating IVs

Clang says "warning: variable 'pcnt' set but not used" here.  In fact it
doesn't. The intention is clear that we want to increment cnt, not pcnt.
Adding a * mark solves everything.

Ractor verification requires storing the ractor id in the top 32 bits of
the object header.  Unfortunately 32 bit machines only have 32 bits in
the object header.  The verification code has a 32 bit left shift which
doesn't work on i686 and will clobber existing flags.

This commit disables the verification code on i686 since i686 will crash
if it's enabled.

Co-Authored-By: John Hawthorn <john@hawthorn.email>
Co-Authored-By: Jemma Issroff <jemmaissroff@gmail.com>

... as per ko1's request.

[Misc #18891]